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Tian F, Jett K, Flaugher R, Arora S, Bergeron B, Shen Y, Tay F. Effects of dentine surface cleaning on bonding of a self-etch adhesive to root canal sealer-contaminated dentine. J Dent 2021; 112:103766. [PMID: 34363888 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the effectiveness of different sealer cleaning methods on bonding of a self-etch adhesive to root canal sealer-contaminated dentine. METHODS Forty-nine extracted molars were divided into seven groups. Dentine surfaces were exposed and cotaminated with a thin layer of epoxy resin-based sealer (AH Plus (AHP)) or zinc oxide eugenol-based sealer (Pulp Canal Sealer (PCS)). Three cleaning protocols were examined: dry cotton pellet, 70% ethanol-saturated cotton pellet or a surfactant-based cleaner (KatanaTM Cleaner (KC), Kuraray Noritake Dental Inc.). Uncontaminated dentine served as control. The dentine surfaces were bonded with a two-step self-etch adhesive and restored with resin composite. Bond strength testing was performed using a microtensile approach. Two teeth from each group were used for scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The pulpal floor of the teeth was covered with sealer and cleaned. The percentage of zinc/zirconium on the dentine surface was detected to indicate the amount of remnant sealer. RESULTS Tensile bond strength for uncontaminated dentine control was 46.4±7.3 MPa; bond strength decreased significantly for the dry cotton group (29.6±4.2 MPa for AHP, 24.7±4.7 MPa for PCS, p<0.05). Both ethanol and KC restored bonding performance after cleaning, with no significant difference from the control. Significantly lower MTBS was observed for the ZOE/ethanol subgroup (38.9±5.1 MPa). Cleaner surfaces and less zinc/zirconium elements were identified by SEM/EDX after cleaning with ethanol or KC. CONCLUSIONS KatanaTM Cleaner decontaminates root canal sealer-smeared dentine surfaces effectively and restores the bonding performance of a self-etch adhesive to dentine. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The surfactant-based KatanaTM Cleaner, originally designed for cleaning zirconia surfaces prior to adhesive bonding, may be used as for cleaning dentine that has been contaminated with unset root canal sealers after root canal treatment to restore the bonding strength of a self-etch adhesive to sealer-contaminated dentine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fucong Tian
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Kevin Jett
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Rebecca Flaugher
- Predoctoral student, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Snigdha Arora
- Predoctoral student, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Brian Bergeron
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Ya Shen
- UBC Faculty of Dentistry, 2199 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Franklin Tay
- Department of Endodontics, The Dental College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
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Zaniboni JF, Silva AM, Fernández E, de Melo Alencar C, Morais JMP, de Campos EA, Kuga MC. Temporary cement residues affect the bond strength and dentin penetration of self-adhesive resin cement in fiberglass post cementation. Microsc Res Tech 2021; 84:2351-2360. [PMID: 33960585 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the persistence of eugenol-containing (PR, Provy) or eugenol-free (RT, Relyx Temp, and TB, Temp Bond) temporary cement residues and its effects on push-out bond strength and dentinal penetration of the self-adhesive resin cement (Relyx U200). Eighty human roots were endodontically treated and post space prepared. Fourty specimens were distributed in four groups (n = 10): Control (CO), without any clinical procedure, PR, RT, and TB, where a metallic post was cemented with one of the temporary cements. After metallic post removal, hemi sections post space were submitted to SEM analysis. Another specimens were distributed in similar groups, but fiberglass post was cemented using Relyx U200 cement and submitted to push-out bond strength and dentinal penetration cement analysis, in post space thirds. SEM analysis were evaluated by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn tests, while bond strength and dentinal penetration were evaluated by ANOVA One-Way and Tukey test (p < .05). Only in apical thirds, PR, RT, and TB showed higher persistence of residues than CO. In bond strength, PR, RT, and TB showed lower values than CO, in all post space thirds (p < .05). But to dentinal penetration, PR, RT, and TB presented lower values than CO only in apical thirds (p < .05). There is the greatest persistence of temporary cement residues only in apical post space third, providing less dentinal penetration of the self-adhesive resinous cement. However, the previous use of temporary cements has negative effects on the bond strength cementation system, regardless of the third evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joissi Ferrari Zaniboni
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aryvelto Miranda Silva
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Fernández
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristiane de Melo Alencar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jéssika Mayhara Pereira Morais
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edson Alves de Campos
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Milton Carlos Kuga
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, Sao Paulo State University - UNESP, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Determining the Effects of Eugenol on the Bond Strength of Resin-Based Restorative Materials to Dentin: A Meta-Analysis of the Literature. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/app10031070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine whether the residual presence of eugenol in coronal dentin may compromise the bond strength of resin-based restorative materials. A search was performed on MEDLINE/Pubmed, Scopus, and by hand search for relevant papers. No restriction was applied for language and publication date. The studies selected for analysis tested specimens with reduced size (micro-shear bond strength (µSBS) and micro-tensile bond strength (µTBS)) of adhesive systems and resin-based restorative materials applied to coronary dentin “contaminated” with eugenol-based materials. The search provided 335 articles, but only 10 studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled global analysis showed a significant influence of eugenol, as it negatively influenced the bond strength of resin-based restorations (5.79 (3.31–8.28) MPa, p < 0.00001). The subgroup analyses for conventional etch-and-rinse (p = 0.003) and self-etch (p < 0.0004) adhesive systems, as well as for µSBS (p = 0.01) and µTBS (p < 0.0001), showed a negative influence of eugenol on the bond strength. Data were statistically heterogeneous. However, it was possible to observe that eugenol could negatively affect the bonding of resin-based restorative materials to dentin. Further evidence is necessary in order to acquire more accurate information about this issue and confirm that the residual presence of eugenol in dentin compromises the bond strength of resin-based materials.
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Zhu L, Liu Y, Ding X, Wu X, Sand W, Zhou H. A novel method for textile odor removal using engineered water nanostructures. RSC Adv 2019; 9:17726-17736. [PMID: 35520538 PMCID: PMC9064573 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01988j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The malodor attached to textiles not only causes indoor environmental pollution but also endangers people's health even at low concentrations. Existing technologies cannot effectively eliminate the odor. Herein, an effective and environmentally friendly technology was proposed to address this challenging issue. This technology utilizes electrospraying process to produce Engineered Water Nanostructures (EWNS) in a controllable manner. Upon application of a high voltage to the Taylor cone, EWNS can be generated from the condensed vapor water through a Peltier element. Smoking, cooking and perspiration, considered the typical indoor malodorous gases emitted from human activities, were studied in this paper. A headspace SPME method in conjunction with GC-MS was employed for the extraction, detection and quantification of any odor residues. Results indicated that EWNS played a significant role in the deodorization process with removal efficiencies for the three odors were 95.3 ± 0.1%, 100.0 ± 0.0% and 43.7 ± 2.3%, respectively. The Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) contained in the EWNS, mainly hydroxyl (OH˙) and superoxide radicals are the possible mechanisms for the odor removal. These ROS are strong oxidative and highly reactive and have the ability to convert odorous compounds to non-odorous compounds through various chemical reaction mechanisms. This study showed clearly the potential of the proposed method in the field of odor removal and can be applied in the battle against indoor air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Zhu
- Fashion Institute, Donghua University Shanghai 200051 P. R. China
- Shanghai International Institute of Design & Innovation Shanghai 200080 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Clothing Design & Technology, Donghua University, Ministry of Education Shanghai 200051 P. R. China
| | - Yanbiao Liu
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University 2999 North Renmin Road Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security 1239 Siping Road Shanghai 200092 P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Ding
- Fashion Institute, Donghua University Shanghai 200051 P. R. China
- Shanghai International Institute of Design & Innovation Shanghai 200080 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Clothing Design & Technology, Donghua University, Ministry of Education Shanghai 200051 P. R. China
| | - Xiongying Wu
- Shanghai Customs District Shanghai 200002 P. R. China
| | - Wolfgang Sand
- Textile Pollution Controlling Engineering Center of Ministry of Environmental Protection, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University 2999 North Renmin Road Shanghai 201620 P. R. China
- Institute of Biosciences, Freiberg University of Mining and Technology Freiberg 09599 Germany
| | - Huiling Zhou
- Fashion Institute, Donghua University Shanghai 200051 P. R. China
- Shanghai International Institute of Design & Innovation Shanghai 200080 P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Clothing Design & Technology, Donghua University, Ministry of Education Shanghai 200051 P. R. China
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Kumar N, Yadav N, Amarnath N, Sharma V, Shukla S, Srivastava A, Prasad P, Kumar A, Garg S, Singh S, Sehrawat S, Lochab B. Integrative natural medicine inspired graphene nanovehicle-benzoxazine derivatives as potent therapy for cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 454:123-138. [PMID: 30390174 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3458-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Natural products from medicinal plants have always attracted a lot of attention due to their diverse and interesting therapeutic properties. We have employed the principles of green chemistry involving isomerization, coupling and condensation reaction to synthesize a class of compounds derived from eugenol, a naturally occurring bioactive phytophenol. The compounds were characterized structurally by 1H-, 13C-NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry analysis. The purity of compounds was detected by HPLC. The synthesized compounds exhibited anti-cancer activity. A 10-12-fold enhancement in efficiency of drug molecules (~ 1 µM) was observed when delivered with graphene oxide (GO) as a nanovehicle. Our data suggest cell death via apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner due to increase in calcium levels in specific cancer cell lines. Interestingly, the benzoxazine derivatives of eugenol with GO nanoparticle exhibited enhanced therapeutic potential in cancer cells. In addition to anti-cancer effect, we also observed significant role of these derivatives on parasite suggesting its multi-pharmacological capability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naveen Kumar
- Brain Metastasis and NeuroVascular Disease Modelling Lab, Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NCR, India
| | - Nisha Yadav
- Materials Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NCR, India
| | - Nagarjuna Amarnath
- Materials Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NCR, India
| | - Vijeta Sharma
- Infectious Disease Lab, Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NCR, India
| | - Swapnil Shukla
- Materials Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NCR, India
| | - Akriti Srivastava
- Infectious Disease Lab, Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NCR, India
| | - Peeyush Prasad
- Brain Metastasis and NeuroVascular Disease Modelling Lab, Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NCR, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- James Graham Brown Cancer Centre, University of Louisville, 40202, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Swati Garg
- Infectious Disease Lab, Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NCR, India
| | - Shailja Singh
- Infectious Disease Lab, Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NCR, India.
- Signaling Biology Lab, Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India.
| | - Seema Sehrawat
- Brain Metastasis and NeuroVascular Disease Modelling Lab, Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NCR, India.
| | - Bimlesh Lochab
- Materials Chemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, NCR, India.
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Benzoxazine derivatives of phytophenols show anti-plasmodial activity via sodium homeostasis disruption. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:1629-1637. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 03/17/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Song MY, An H, Park EJ. The Effect of Temporary Cement Cleaning Methods on the Retention of Crowns. J Prosthodont 2017; 28:e210-e215. [PMID: 28598530 DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of temporary cement cleaning methods on the retention of cemented crowns using zinc phosphate cement and resin-modified glass ionomer cement. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty titanium specimens were fabricated to simulate prepared molars with minimally retentive taper. The Ni-Cr cast crowns were fabricated, temporarily cemented, and separated. The specimens were divided into four groups according to the temporary cement cleaning method (n = 10) as follows: control group (no temporary cementation), orange solvent group, ultrasonic cleaning group, and air-abrasion group. After the cleaning procedures, the specimens were cemented with definitive cements (zinc phosphate cement and resin-modified glass ionomer, RMGI, cement) and subjected to thermocycling (5000 cycles, 5-55°C, dwell time, 10 seconds). The tensile bond strength of each specimen was measured using a universal testing machine, and the results were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test (α = 0.05). RESULTS When cemented with zinc phosphate cement, the statistical analysis showed that the value of the air-abrasion group was significantly higher than those of the other groups (p < 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference among the other groups. When cemented with RMGI cement, the air-abrasion group showed the lowest value, and the control group showed the highest value (p < 0.01). The difference between the ultrasonic cleaning group and the orange solvent group was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION The use of temporary cement did not have a significant influence on retention of permanently cemented crowns when zinc phosphate cement was used for permanent cementation. Airborne-particle abrasion after provisional cementation improved retention of crowns cemented with zinc phosphate cement; however, the use of temporary cement significantly decreased retention of permanently cemented crowns when RMGI cement was used regardless of the temporary cement cleaning method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Young Song
- Department of Dentistry, Graduate School of Clinical Dentistry, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hongseok An
- Department of General Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Eun-Jin Park
- Department of Dentistry, School of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea
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Ravikumar D, Karthikeyan S, Subramanian E, Gurunathan D. Effect of Mechanical and Chemical Root Surface Treatment on the Shear Bond Strength of Intracanal Post in Primary Anterior Teeth: An In vitro Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:ZC45-ZC48. [PMID: 28274043 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/22117.9182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aesthetic restoration of severely mutilated primary anterior teeth still remains as a special challenge to paediatric dentist. Due to increased parent's concern for aesthetic rehabilitation for their children, paediatric dentist are in a state to improve technique sensitive restorative procedure to improve aesthetic rehabilitation in children. AIM The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effect of different root surface treatment on the shear bond strength of glass fibre reinforced post in primary anterior teeth using Universal Testing Machine (UTM). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty single rooted primary anterior teeth were selected. Coronal portions of the teeth were sectioned transversally 2 mm above the Cemento-Enamel Junction (CEJ) and specimens were treated endodontically and obturated using metapex. Then the specimens were randomly divided into four groups. Group 1: Control group; Group 2: Chemical surface treatment of the root with 2% chlorhexidine; Group 3: Mechanical surface treatment with mushroom-shaped undercut; Group 4: Combination of mechanical and chemical surface treatments. Samples were tested for shear bond strength. ANOVA and Post-hoc Tukey test were used for statistical analysis using SPSS version 20.0. RESULTS Combination of mechanical and chemical surface treatments exhibited higher mean shear bond strength (8.41 MPa), followed by mechanical surface treatment (4.68 MPa), chemical surface treatment (3.92 MPa) and control group (2.76 MPa). CONCLUSION Mechanical and chemical surface treatments together led to a improved shear bond strength and increased the retention of the post to the root surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhanalakshmi Ravikumar
- Postgraduate Student, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha University , Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shanmugaavel Karthikeyan
- Senior Lecturer, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha University , Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Emg Subramanian
- Professor, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha University , Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Deepa Gurunathan
- Associate Professor, Department of Paediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Saveetha University , Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Altmann ASP, Leitune VCB, Collares FM. Influence of Eugenol-based Sealers on Push-out Bond Strength of Fiber Post Luted with Resin Cement: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Endod 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Saker S, El-Kholany N, Sakrana A, Maria OM. WITHDRAWN: Effect of different dentin cleaning techniques on bond strength and the micromorphology of dentin/self-adhesive resin cement interface. J Prosthet Dent 2014:S0022-3913(14)00107-3. [PMID: 24795264 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2013.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2013] [Revised: 12/17/2013] [Accepted: 12/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This article has been withdrawn at the request of the author(s) and/or editor. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. The full Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Saker
- Assistant Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Naglaa El-Kholany
- Assistant Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amal Sakrana
- Associate Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University; Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ola M Maria
- Assistant Professor, Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt; Postdoctoral Fellow, Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Pinto KT, Stanislawczuk R, Loguercio AD, Grande RHM, Bauer J. Effect of exposure time of zinc oxide eugenol restoration on microtensile bond strength of adhesives to dentin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rpemd.2014.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Koch T, Peutzfeldt A, Malinovskii V, Flury S, Häner R, Lussi A. Temporary zinc oxide-eugenol cement: eugenol quantity in dentin and bond strength of resin composite. Eur J Oral Sci 2013; 121:363-9. [DOI: 10.1111/eos.12053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Koch
- Department of Preventive; Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry; School of Dental Medicine; University of Bern; Bern; Switzerland
| | - Anne Peutzfeldt
- Department of Preventive; Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry; School of Dental Medicine; University of Bern; Bern; Switzerland
| | | | - Simon Flury
- Department of Preventive; Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry; School of Dental Medicine; University of Bern; Bern; Switzerland
| | - Robert Häner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry; University of Bern; Bern; Switzerland
| | - Adrian Lussi
- Department of Preventive; Restorative and Pediatric Dentistry; School of Dental Medicine; University of Bern; Bern; Switzerland
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Sabouhi M, Nosouhian S, Davoudi A, Nourbakhshian F, Badrian H, Nabe FN. The effect of eugenol-free temporary cement's remnants on retention of full metal crowns: comparative study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013; 14:473-7. [PMID: 24171992 DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of eugenol-free temporary cement's remnants on the retentive strength of full metal crowns luted via zinc phosphate and resin cement (Maxcem) to the tooth structure. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty complete standardized Ni-Cr crowns in four groups were cemented by two types of permanent cements: zinc phosphate cement and resin cement (Maxcem). In the two groups before permanent cementation of crowns, temporary acrylic crowns were cemented by eugenol-free temporary cement. Crowns' retention was evaluated by Universal testing machine. All data were analyzed by means of one-way ANOVA test in SPSS software version 11.5 (α=0.05). RESULTS There was no significant difference in groups with prior using eugenol-free temporary cement and groups with just using two permanents cement (p-value≥0.05). DISCUSSION The application of temporary cement before permanent cementation of full metal crowns does not have any adverse effect on retention of full metal crowns, when temporary cements are removed properly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Sabouhi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Dental Materials Research Center, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Chen CH, deGraffenried LA. Anethole suppressed cell survival and induced apoptosis in human breast cancer cells independent of estrogen receptor status. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2012; 19:763-767. [PMID: 22464689 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2012.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2011] [Revised: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many traditional Chinese medicines target the treatment of inflammation which is emerging to be a critical component to cancer development and progression. The key aromatic compound in star anise anethole has demonstrated both anti and pro-cancerous effects depending on the estrogen receptor statuses in individual cell lines. In this study, we investigated the effect of anethole on the physiological responses and specific apoptotic pathways in human breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells that are well-characterized to represent estrogen receptor (ER) positivity and its counterpart in breast cancer respectively. How anethole affects the activity and expression of apoptotic caspases, the function of transcriptional factor NF-kB and the relative influence ER exerts on these events are areas of significant research relevance and results may impact the pharmaceutical development of anethole and its use as dietary supplementation. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Initial analyses of physiological responses using MTT and colony formation assays had demonstrated a preferentially suppression of cell survival to cell proliferation in both ER+ and ER- cells when cells were exposed to anethole. Western blot analysis has demonstrated induction of caspase 9 and PARP1/2 cleavage in parallel with elevated expression of c-FLIP (s) and p53. The transcriptional activity of NF-kB, an upstream activator of p53 is suppressed in both cell lines when treated with anethole. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, anethole in an ER independent manner suppresses cell survival and induces apoptotic events in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 at an optimal concentration of 1 × 10(-3)M. In search of alternative compounds for therapeutic development, this study has demonstrated that anethole may be viable as an anti-cancer agent through the modulation of apoptosis, cell survival and proliferation in breast cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Hui Chen
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Human Ecology, the University of Texas at Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Silva JPL, Queiroz DM, Azevedo LH, Leal LC, Rodrigues JL, Lima AF, Marchi GM, Brito-Júnior M, Faria-e-Silva AL. Effect of Eugenol Exposure Time and Post-removal Delay on the Bond Strength of a Self-etching Adhesive to Dentin. Oper Dent 2011; 36:66-71. [DOI: 10.2341/10-115-lr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Clinical Relevance
The presence of a provisional restoration containing eugenol for one week or longer does not interfere with the bond strength of self-etching adhesives to dentin. If a eugenol-based provisional restoration remained in place for only 24 hours, a delay of one week re-establishes proper bond strength.
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Pramod K, Ansari SH, Ali J. Eugenol: A Natural Compound with Versatile Pharmacological Actions. Nat Prod Commun 2010. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1000501236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Eugenol, the major constituent of clove oil, has been widely used for its anesthetic and analgesic action in dentistry. Eugenol exhibits pharmacological effects on almost all systems and our aim is to review the research work that has identified these pharmacological actions. Eugenol possesses significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cardiovascular properties, in addition to analgesic and local anesthetic activity. The metabolism and pharmacokinetics of the compound in humans have been studied. Eugenol has also been used as a penetration enhancer. The compound is a very promising candidate for versatile applications, and the design of new drugs based on the pharmacological effects of eugenol could be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kannissery Pramod
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi – 110 062, India
| | - Shahid H. Ansari
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi – 110 062, India
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi – 110 062, India
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Ladha K, Verma M. Conventional and contemporary luting cements: an overview. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2010; 10:79-88. [PMID: 21629449 PMCID: PMC3081255 DOI: 10.1007/s13191-010-0022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Accepted: 08/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term clinical success of fixed prosthodontic restorations is influenced by many factors, one important factor being the selection of an appropriate luting agent. No single luting agent is capable of meeting all the stringent requirements, which is one reason why there is such a wide choice of luting agents currently available from conventional water-based to contemporary adhesive resin cements. Introduction of adhesive resin systems has completely changed the face of fixed prosthodontic practice leading to an increased use of bonded all-ceramic crowns and resin-retained fixed partial dentures. This article makes an effort to review various conventional and contemporary luting agents, their properties & associated clinical implications thereby trying to help the clinician select an appropriate luting agent for a given clinical situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Ladha
- Flat no. 416, Gaur Heights, Sector-4, Vaishali, Ghaziabad, 201010 India
| | - Mahesh Verma
- Department of Prosthodontics, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Cos P, Hermans N, Calomme M, Maes L, De Bruyne T, Pieters L, Vlietinck AJ, Vanden Berghe D. Comparative study of eight well-known polyphenolic antioxidants. J Pharm Pharmacol 2010; 55:1291-7. [PMID: 14604473 DOI: 10.1211/0022357021693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Eight antioxidants from five different polyphenolic classes (cinnamic acids, benzoic acids, flavonoids, proanthocyanidins and stilbenes), and the water-soluble vitamin E derivative trolox were examined for their antioxidant activity in-vitro. In addition, the compounds were tested for their cytotoxicity on growing fibroblasts and their inhibition of the classical pathway of the complement system. Procyanidin C1 was shown to be a good scavenger of both DPPH* and HO*, and a strong inhibitor of lipid peroxidation and the classical pathway of the complement system. Consequently, procyanidin C1 was classified as the most promising antioxidant in-vitro of all compounds tested. In contrast, genistein exhibited a very low antioxidant activity in both the lipid peroxidation and the DPPH* scavenging assay, a high cytotoxicity and a low complement-inhibiting activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cos
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Belgium.
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Yousuf S, Choudhary MI, Rahman AU. Separation of phenylpropanoids and evaluation of their antioxidant activity. Methods Mol Biol 2010; 594:357-377. [PMID: 20072931 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-411-1_26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Phenylpropanoids are a group of natural products with a wide range of biological and pharmacological importance. They have been isolated from a large number of plants by utilizing a diverse range of chromatographic techniques. We describe here the utilization of normal, reverse phase, and high pressure liquid column chromatographic techniques for the purification of phenylpropanoids from the crude plant extracts. Most important of them is the recycling reverse phase HPLC effectively utilized to purify the highly oxygenated phenylpropanoids glycosides from the butanolic and water extracts. The antioxidant activity of the different phenylpropanoids is also reported on the basis of DPPH, superoxide anion scavenging and Fe(2+)-chelating assays, along with electron spin resonance (ESR) method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sammer Yousuf
- International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
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OKADA H, ISHIDA Y, NOGUCHI H, RYUKATA I, NAGAYAMA K. Development of a new temporary luting agent consisting of PEMA and eugenol-Residue ratio and bond strength of luting cements for abutment materials. Dent Mater J 2009; 28:261-6. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.28.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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22
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Carvalho CN, de Oliveira Bauer JR, Loguercio AD, Reis A. Effect of Zoe Temporary Restoration on Resin-Dentin Bond Strength Using Different Adhesive Strategies. J ESTHET RESTOR DENT 2007; 19:144-52; discussion 153. [PMID: 17518904 DOI: 10.1111/j.1708-8240.2007.00087.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM Eugenol is a radical scavenger that inhibits the polymerization of resin materials. Little is known about the effect of a eugenol-containing temporary restorative material on the resin-dentin bond strength of adhesive systems that partially dissolves and modifies the smear layer. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of eugenol-containing temporary restoration (zinc oxide eugenol [ZOE]) on the resin-dentin microshear bond strength of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesives. MATERIAL AND METHODS The roots of 18 human molars were removed and the crowns of the teeth were transversally sectioned into two halves. The dentin surfaces were embedded in acrylic resin. Half of the samples were stored while the remaining specimens were restored with eugenol-containing temporary restoration. After 24 hours, the ZOE restoration was mechanically removed and dentin surfaces were ultrasonically cleaned. Dentin surfaces were treated with one of the following adhesives: Single Bond, Clearfil SE, and iBond. Six cylinders of Z250 (0.5 mm high and 0.75 mm in diameter) were applied to each bonded dentin surface using a tygon tube. After storage for 24 hours, the specimens were subjected to micro-shear testing. The data was subjected to a two-way analysis of variance and Tukey's test (alpha=0.05). RESULTS Similar bond strength values were obtained for Single Bond (p=0.48) either in the control or in the ZOE-treated group. For both self-etch systems, the bond strength in the ZOE-treated group was statistically lower than the control group (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Although the prior use of eugenol-containing temporary restoration (IRM) affects the resin-dentin bond strength of the etch-and-rinse Single Bond, a more pronounced reduction on bond strength was observed for the two self-etch systems evaluated (iBond, Clearfil SE Bond). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Eugenol-containing provisional restorations (IRM) should not be used prior to the placement of resin restorations bonded with the two-step etch-and-rinse Single Bond and the self-etch adhesives systems iBond and Clearfil SE Bond.
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KHATUN M, EGUCHI S, YAMAGUCHI T, TAKAMURA H, MATOBA T. Effect of Thermal Treatment on Radical-scavenging Activity of Some Spices. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH 2006. [DOI: 10.3136/fstr.12.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Munerato MC, Sinigaglia M, Reguly ML, de Andrade HHR. Genotoxic effects of eugenol, isoeugenol and safrole in the wing spot test of Drosophila melanogaster. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2005; 582:87-94. [PMID: 15781214 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2005.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2004] [Revised: 12/24/2004] [Accepted: 01/07/2005] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, the phenolic compounds eugenol, isoeugenol and safrole were investigated for genotoxicity in the wing spot test of Drosophila melanogaster. The Drosophila wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) provides a rapid means to evaluate agents able to induce gene mutations and chromosome aberrations, as well as rearrangements related to mitotic recombination. We applied the SMART in its standard version with normal bioactivation and in its variant with increased cytochrome P450-dependent biotransformation capacity. Eugenol and safrole produced a positive recombinagenic response only in the improved assay, which was related to a high CYP450-dependent activation capacity. This suggests, as previously reported, the involvement of this family of enzymes in the activation of eugenol and safrole rather than in its detoxification. On the contrary, isoeugenol was clearly non-genotoxic at the same millimolar concentrations as used for eugenol in both the crosses. The responsiveness of SMART assays to recombinagenic compounds, as well as the reactive metabolites from eugenol and safrole were considered responsible for the genotoxicity observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Munerato
- Departamento de Odontologia Conservadora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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25
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Dombrecht EJ, Cos P, Vanden Berghe D, Van Offel JF, Schuerwegh AJ, Bridts CH, Stevens WJ, De Clerck LS. Selective in vitro antioxidant properties of bisphosphonates. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 314:675-80. [PMID: 14741688 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.12.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the in vitro antioxidant profile of different bisphosphonates. Bisphosphonates were tested for their xanthine oxidase and microsomal lipid peroxidation inhibiting capacity. Furthermore, the effect of these different compounds on DPPH, a stable radical, was investigated. Clodronate, risedronate, and pyrophosphate were further tested for their hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. None of the tested compounds showed xanthine oxidase inhibiting activity or DPPH scavenging activity. All the tested bisphosphonates exhibited inhibiting capacities on the microsomal lipid peroxidation. The hydroxyl radical scavenging activity was dependent on the order of adding the different reagents and was highest for risedronate. Bisphosphonates possess an inhibiting activity on the microsomal lipid peroxidation and the Fenton reaction. In these reactions iron plays an important role suggesting that the selective in vitro antioxidant properties of the bisphosphonates are due to their iron chelating characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- E J Dombrecht
- Laboratory of Immunology, Allergology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610, Antwerp, Belgium
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26
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Delogu G, Fabbri D, Dettori MA, Forni A, Casalone G. Enantiopure 2,2′-dihydroxy-3,3′-dimethoxy-5,5′-diallyl-6,6′-dibromo-1,1′-biphenyl: a conformationally stable C2-dimer of a eugenol derivative. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2003.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Miyazawa M, Hisama M. Antimutagenic activity of phenylpropanoids from clove (Syzygium aromaticum). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2003; 51:6413-6422. [PMID: 14558756 DOI: 10.1021/jf030247q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Phenylpropanoids that possess antimutagenic activity were isolated from the buds of clove (Syzygium aromaticum). The isolated compounds suppressed the expression of the umu gene following the induction of SOS response in the Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 that have been treated with various mutagens. The suppressive compounds were mainly localized in the ethyl acetate extract fraction of the processed clove. This ethyl acetate fraction was further fractionated by silica gel column chromatography, which resulted in the purification and subsequent identification of the suppressive compounds. Electron impact mass spectrometry, IR, and (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy were then used to delineate the structures of the compounds that confer the observed antimutagenic activity. The secondary suppressive compounds were identified as dehydrodieugenol (1) and trans-coniferyl aldehyde (2). When using 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (furylfuramide) as the mutagen, compound 1 suppressed 58% of the umu gene expression as compared to the controls at a concentration of 0.60 micromol/mL, with an ID(50) (50% inhibitory dose) value of 0.48 micromol/mL, and compound 2 suppressed 63% of the umu gene expression as compared to the controls at a concentration of 1.20 micromol/mL, with an ID(50) value of 0.76 micromol/mL. Additionally, compounds 1 and 2 were tested for their ability to suppress the mutagenic activity of other well-known mutagens such as 4-nitroquinolin 1-oxide (4NQO) and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), which do not require liver metabolizing enzymes, and aflatoxin B(1) (AfB(1)) and 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1), which require liver metabolizing enzymes and activated Trp-P-1 and UV irradiation. Compounds 1 and 2 showed dramatic reductions in their mutagenic potential of all of the aforementioned chemicals or treatment. For the search of the structure-activity relationship, the derivatives of 1 and 2 (1a and 2a-c) were also assayed with all mutagens. Finally, the antimutagenic activities of compounds 1, 1a, 2, and 2a-c against furylfuramide, Trp-P-1, and activated Trp-P-1 were assayed by the Ames test using the S. typhimurium TA100 strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Miyazawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, Kowakae, Higashiosaka-shi, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
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Fujisawa S, Atsumi T, Kadoma Y, Sakagami H. Antioxidant and prooxidant action of eugenol-related compounds and their cytotoxicity. Toxicology 2002; 177:39-54. [PMID: 12126794 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00194-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the possible link between radicals and the cytotoxicity of eugenol-related compounds, 2-allyl-4-X-phenols (2-allyl-4-chlorophenol (1), 2-allyl-4-phenylphenol (2), 2-allyl-4-methoxyphenol (3), 2-allyl-4-acetylphenol (4), 2-allyl-4-nitrophenol (5), 2-allyl-4-t-butylphenol (6), 2-allyl-4-methyphenol (7), 2-allyl-4-bromophenol (8), 2,4-dimethoxyphenol (9)), and dimeric compounds from eugenol (4-allyl-2-methoxyphenol), BHA (2-t-butyl-4-methoxyphenol) or MMP (2-methoxy-4-methylphenol); bis-EUG (3,3'-dimethoxy-5,5'-di-2-propenyl-1, 1'-biphenyl-2,2'-diol) (10), bis-MMP (3,3'-dimethoxy-5,5'-dimethyl-1,1'-biphenyl-2,2'-diol) (11) bis-BHA (3,3'-di-t-butyl-5,5'-dimethoxy-1,1'-biphenyl-2,2'-diol) (12) were synthesized. The radical production, radical-scavenging activity and the cytotoxicity of these synthetic compounds and conventional antioxidants (i.e. butylhydroxytoluine, BHT; butylhydroxyanisole, BHA; alpha-tocopherol (alpha-Toc); eugenol, phenol) were studied. Erectron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy suggested that compounds of 3, 6, 9, eugenol and BHA, but not compounds of 10, 11, and 12 produced radicals in alkaline solutions (pH>9.5) and compounds, 3, eugenol and 9 most efficiently scavenged reactive oxygen species (ROS, O(2)(-)). The cytotoxic activity of 6 toward human submandibular gland carcinoma (HSG) cells was the highest and was 1000-fold greater than that of eugenol and 100-fold greater than that of BHA, possibly due to the high hydrophobicity and stable phenoxy radicals of this compound. The kinetic polymerization method in the presence of methyl methacrylate (MMA), an antioxidant, and 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) was developed for the measurements of the number of moles of peroxy radicals trapped by moles of the relative phenols (stoichiometric factors, n), the inhibition rate of polymerization (R(inh)), and the inhibition rate constants (k(inh), the rate constants for scavenging of radicals by an antioxidant). The n values of conventional phenolic antioxidants decreased in the order: alpha-Toc>BHT>eugenol>phenol. Those for eugenol and phenol, less hindered phenols, were much less than two, whereas those for alpha-Toc and BHT, hindered phenols, were approximately two. The R(inh) of alpha-Toc significantly increased tcompared with that of BHT, eugenol and phenol. The k(inh) of the polymer radicals of the MMA reaction with conventional phenolic antioxidants was a low value of 1-2x10(2) M(-1) s(-1), suggesting that the antioxidants trapped radicals quickly. The comparative cytotoxicity of methoxyphenols against HSG cells was investigated. The cytotoxic activity of dimers of 10 and 12 was markedly lower than that of their corresponding monomers, whereas that of the dimer of MMP, 11 was not reduced even after the dimerization. In particular, visible-light (VL) exposure enhanced the cytotoxicity of 11 similar to the monomers of eugenol, BHA and MMP. Changes in BDE (ph(O-H)) (homolytic bond dissociation energy) for phenols is well known to be associated with the n and k(inh) values, and consequently the cytotoxic activity. Thus, the BDE was calculated using a PM3 semiempirical method. The n and k(inh) values for monophenols, but not for dimers were correlated to the BDE, possibly due to the steric hindrance of orthosubstituents of dimers. The quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) of eugenol-related compounds was investigated, indicating that logP (octanol-water partition coefficients), the redox potential measured in culture medium, was effective as a term for QSAR. A parabolic relation between the cytotoxic activity and the logP or the redox potential, but not the BDE was observed with an optimum value. In conclusion, the cytotocity of eugenol-related compounds was significantly associated with the activity of the production of phenoxyl radicals, their stability of the subsequent quinonemethide (QM) and the hydrophobicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seiichiro Fujisawa
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, Meikai University School of Dentistry, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan .
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Taira J, Miyagi C, Aniya Y. Dimerumic acid as an antioxidant from the mold, Monascus anka: the inhibition mechanisms against lipid peroxidation and hemeprotein-mediated oxidation. Biochem Pharmacol 2002; 63:1019-26. [PMID: 11911855 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-2952(01)00923-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant mechanism of dimerumic acid isolated as the active component with a radical scavenging action from the mold Monascus anka, traditionally used for the fermentation of foods. Dimerumic acid inhibited NADPH- and iron(II)-dependent lipid peroxidation (LPO) of rat liver microsomes at 20 and 200 microM, respectively. When ferrylmyoglobin was incubated with dimerumic acid, the myoglobin was scavenged and an electron spin resonance (ESR) signal with nine peaks was observed. The spin adduct was identified as a nitroxide radical by analysis of hyperfine structure. Similar ESR signal was also detected by incubation of dimerumic acid with peroxyl radicals. Thus, it was clarified that the antioxidant action of dimerumic acid is due to one electron donation of the hydroxamic acid group in the dimerumic acid molecule toward oxidants resulting in formation of nitroxide radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsei Taira
- Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment, Okinawa, Japan
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Rauscher FM, Sanders RA, Watkins JB. Effects of isoeugenol on oxidative stress pathways in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2001; 15:159-64. [PMID: 11424226 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Because some complications of diabetes mellitus may result from oxidative damage, we investigated the effects of subacute treatment (10mg/kg/day, intraperitoneal [ip], for 14 days) with the antioxidant isoeugenol on the oxidant defense system in normal and 30-day streptozotocin-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats. Liver, kidney, brain, and heart were assayed for degree of lipid peroxidation, reduced and oxidized glutathione content, and activities of the free radical-detoxifying enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. All tissues from diabetic animals exhibited disturbances in antioxidant defense when compared with normal controls. Treatment with isoeugenol reversed diabetic effects on hepatic glutathione peroxidase activity and on oxidized glutathione concentration in brain. Treatment with the lipophilic compound isoeugenol also decreased lipid peroxidation in both liver and heart of normal animals and decreased hepatic oxidized glutathione content in both normal and diabetic rats. Some effects of isoeugenol treatment, such as decreased activity of hepatic superoxide dismutase and glutathione reductase in diabetic rats, were unrelated to the oxidative effects of diabetes. In heart of diabetic animals, isoeugenol treatment resulted in an exacerbation of already elevated activities of catalase. These results indicate that isoeugenol therapy may not reverse diabetic oxidative stress in an overall sense.
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Affiliation(s)
- F M Rauscher
- Medical Sciences Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Bloomington, IN 47405-7005, USA
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Miyazawa M, Hisama M. Suppression of chemical mutagen-induced SOS response by alkylphenols from clove (Syzygium aromaticum) in the Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 umu test. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2001; 49:4019-4025. [PMID: 11513704 DOI: 10.1021/jf0103469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A methanol extract from clove (Syzygium aromaticum) showed a suppressive effect of the SOS-inducing activity on the mutagen 2-(2-furyl)-3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylamide (furylfuramide) in the Salmonella typhimurium TA1535/pSK1002 umu test. The methanol extract was re-extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, butanol, and water. The hexane fraction showed a suppressive effect. Suppressive compounds in the hexane fraction were isolated by silica gel column chromatography and identified as trans-isoeugenol (1) and eugenol (2) by GC, GC-MS, IR, and (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopy. Compounds 1 and 2 suppressed the furylfuramide-induced SOS response in the umu test. Compounds 1 and 2 suppressed 42.3 and 29.9% of the SOS-inducing activity at a concentration of 0.60 micromol/mL. These compounds were assayed with other mutagens, 4-nitroquinolin 1-oxide (4NQO) and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG). In addition, compounds 1 and 2 were assayed with aflatoxin B(1) (AfB(1)) and 3-amino-1,4-dimethyl-5H-pyrido[4,3-b]indole (Trp-P-1), which require liver metabolizing enzymes. These compounds showed suppressive effects of the SOS-inducing activity against furylfuramide, 4NQO, AfB(1), and Trp-P-1. To research the structure-activity relationship, methyl esters of 1 and 2 (1Me and 2Me) and o-eugenol (3), as compounds similar to 2, were also assayed with all mutagens. Compounds 1Me, 2Me, and 3 showed weak suppressive effects of the SOS-inducing activity against furylfuramide.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Miyazawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Kinki University, Kowakae, Higashiosaka-shi, Osaka 577-8502, Japan.
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Davydov M, Krikorian AD. Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim. (Araliaceae) as an adaptogen: a closer look. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2000; 72:345-393. [PMID: 10996277 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-8741(00)00181-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The adaptogen concept is examined from an historical, biological, chemical, pharmacological and medical perspective using a wide variety of primary and secondary literature. The definition of an adaptogen first proposed by Soviet scientists in the late 1950s, namely that an adaptogen is any substance that exerts effects on both sick and healthy individuals by 'correcting' any dysfunction(s) without producing unwanted side effects, was used as a point of departure. We attempted to identify critically what an adaptogen supposedly does and to determine whether the word embodies in and of itself any concept(s) acceptable to western conventional (allopathic) medicine. Special attention was paid to the reported pharmacological effects of the 'adaptogen-containing plant' Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim. (Araliaceae), referred to by some as 'Siberian ginseng', and to its secondary chemical composition. We conclude that so far as specific pharmacological activities are concerned there are a number of valid arguments for equating the action of so-called adaptogens with those of medicinal agents that have activities as anti-oxidants, and/or anti-cancerogenic, immunomodulatory and hypocholesteroletic as well as hypoglycemic and choleretic action. However, 'adaptogens' and 'anti-oxidants' etc. also show significant dissimilarities and these are discussed. Significantly, the classical definition of an adaptogen has much in common with views currently being invoked to describe and explain the 'placebo effect'. Nevertheless, the chemistry of the secondary compounds of Eleutherococcus isolated thus far and their pharmacological effects support our hypothesis that the reported beneficial effects of adaptogens derive from their capacity to exert protective and/or inhibitory action against free radicals. An inventory of the secondary substances contained in Eleutherococcus discloses a potential for a wide range of activities reported from work on cultured cell lines, small laboratory animals and human subjects. Much of the cited work (although not all) has been published in peer-reviewed journals. Six compounds show various levels of activity as anti-oxidants, four show anti-cancer action, three show hypocholesterolemic activity, two show immunostimulatory effects, one has choleretic activity and one has the ability to decrease/moderate insulin levels, one has activity as a radioprotectant, one shows anti-inflammatory and anti-pyretic activities and yet another has shown activity as an antibacterial agent. Some of the compounds show more than one pharmacological effect and some show similar effects although they belong to different chemical classes. Clearly, Eleutherococcus contains pharmacologically active compounds but one wishes that the term adaptogen could be dropped from the literature because it is vague and conveys no insights into the mechanism(s) of action. If a precise action can be attributed to it, then the exact term for said action should obviously be used; if not, we strongly urge that generalities be avoided. Also, comparison of Eleutherococcus with the more familiar Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer (Araliaceae), 'true ginseng' has underscored that they differ considerably chemically and pharmacologically and cannot be justifiably considered as mutually interchangeable. Accordingly, we recommend that the designation 'Siberian ginseng' be dropped and be replaced with 'Eleutherococcus'. In the case of both Eleutherococcus and true ginseng, problems inherent in herbal preparation use include inconsistencies not only in terms of indications for use, but in the nomenclature of constituent chemical compounds, standardization, dosage and product labeling. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)
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Affiliation(s)
- M Davydov
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 11794-5215, USA.
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Teissedre PL, Waterhouse AL. Inhibition of oxidation of human low-density lipoproteins by phenolic substances in different essential oils varieties. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2000; 48:3801-3805. [PMID: 10995274 DOI: 10.1021/jf990921x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Phenolics antioxidant phytochemicals have been recently implicated for the lower rates of cardiac disease mortality among people consuming a Mediterranean diet. Essential oils are natural products extracted from vegetable materials, which can be used as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidants, and anti-carcinogenic agents or to preserve and give specific flavors to foods. The activities of 23 selected essential oils in inhibiting the copper-catalyzed oxidation of human-low-density lipoproteins (LDL) were determined in vitro. LDL oxidation was inhibited between 6, 2, and 83% by 2 microM (GAE) total phenolics. The relative inhibition of LDL oxidation was used to categorize the essential oils into four groups below 2% when they contained methylchavicol, anethol, p-cymen, apiole, cinnamic ether; 6-10% if they possessed a majority of carvacrol, thymol, p-cymene, or vanillin; 10-50% for moderate amounts of thymol, carvacrol, cuminol, or eugenol; and 50-100% when eugenol is the major component. Total phenol content of essential oils gave a correlation with LDL antioxidant activity of r = 0.75. The Activity of each phenolics compound could play a role in protecting LDL against oxidation if the substance is absorbed by the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- P L Teissedre
- Université de Montpellier I, Faculté de Pharmacie, Centre de Formation et de Recherche en Oenologie, Av. Charles Flahault, 34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France.
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Chainy GB, Manna SK, Chaturvedi MM, Aggarwal BB. Anethole blocks both early and late cellular responses transduced by tumor necrosis factor: effect on NF-kappaB, AP-1, JNK, MAPKK and apoptosis. Oncogene 2000; 19:2943-50. [PMID: 10871845 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1203614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Anethole, a chief constituent of anise, camphor, and fennel, has been shown to block both inflammation and carcinogenesis, but just how these effects are mediated is not known. One possibility is TNF-mediated signaling, which has also been associated with both inflammation and carcinogenesis. In the present report we show that anethole is a potent inhibitor of TNF-induced NF-kappaB activation (an early response) as monitored by electrophoretic mobility shift assay, IkappaBalpha phosphorylation and degradation, and NF-kappaB reporter gene expression. Suppression of IkappaBalpha phosphorylation and NF-kappaB reporter gene expression induced by TRAF2 and NIK, suggests that anethole acts on IkappaBalpha kinase. Anethole also blocked the NF-kappaB activation induced by a variety of other inflammatory agents. Besides NF-kappaB, anethole also suppressed TNF-induced activation of the transcription factor AP-1, c-jun N-terminal kinase and MAPK-kinase. In addition, anethole abrogated TNF-induced apoptosis as measured by both caspase activation and cell viability. The anethole analogues eugenol and isoeugenol also blocked TNF signaling. Anethole suppressed TNF-induced both lipid peroxidation and ROI generation. Overall, our results demonstrate that anethole inhibits TNF-induced cellular responses, which may explain its role in suppression of inflammation and carcinogenesis. Oncogene (2000).
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Affiliation(s)
- G B Chainy
- Cytokine Research Laboratory, Department of Bioimmunotherapy, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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Fujita S, Taira J. Biphenyl compounds are hydroxyl radical scavengers: their effective inhibition for UV-induced mutation in Salmonella typhimurium TA102. Free Radic Biol Med 1994; 17:273-7. [PMID: 7982632 DOI: 10.1016/0891-5849(94)90083-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In our previous study, we found several hydroxylated biphenyl compounds have a great scavenging effect for hydroxyl radicals (.OH). In this study, to elucidate the relationship between generation of the .OH and photo-mutagenesis, six biphenyl compounds such as dehydrodieugenol, dehydrodivanillyl alcohol, dehydrodidihydroeugenol, dehydrodicreosol, magnolol and honokiol, respectively, were examined for their ability to inhibit UV-induced mutation in Salmonella typhimurium TA102. The relative mutagenic activities (RMA, %) indicated the mutation frequency of treated cells divided by the mutation frequency of control cells times 100%. The RMA (%) are as follows: 28 +/- 1, 31 +/- 1, 33 +/- 1, 41 +/- 2, 62 +/- 1, and 62 +/- 4 at concentrations of 5 micrograms per plate for dehydrodieugenol, dehydrodivanillyl alcohol, dehydrodidihydroeugenol, dehydrodicreosol, magnolol, and honokiol, respectively. These values indicate that low concentrations of these biphenyl compounds effectively suppress UV-induced mutagenesis. Also, these compounds acted as effective antimutagens in a dose-dependent manner (0.00005-5 micrograms per plate). These compounds are effective .OH scavengers. Consequently, the results obtained above suggest that these compounds could inhibit against UV-induced mutations by scavenging of .OH generated by UV irradiation. The results also suggest that .OH are associated with UV-induced mutation in Salmonella typhimurium TA102.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Fujita
- Cosmetics Laboratory, Kanebo Ltd., Odawara, Japan
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Taira J, Ikemoto T, Mimura K, Hagi A, Murakami A, Makino K. Effective inhibition of hydroxyl radicals by hydroxylated biphenyl compounds. FREE RADICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 1993; 19 Suppl 1:S71-7. [PMID: 8282234 DOI: 10.3109/10715769309056s71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In aqueous media, approximate rate constants for the reactions between hydroxyl radicals (.OH) and biphenyl compounds such as dehydrodieugenol, magnolol, honokiol, dehydrodidihydroeugenol, dehydrodivanillyl alcohol, and dehydrodicreosol were estimated by competition reactions for .OH between these biphenyls and 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide (DMPO). By measuring the decrease in the height of the EPR signals of the .OH spin adduct, rate constants in the order of 10(9) to 10(10) M were measured.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Taira
- Cosmetics Laboratory, Kanebo Ltd., Kanagawa, Japan
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