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Guzmen-Carmeli S, Weizman R, Friedman T. A Permissible Sin: Perceptions of Smoking Among Haredi Men in Israel. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2024; 63:2559-2580. [PMID: 38491341 PMCID: PMC11319363 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-024-02019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
This essay deals with perceptions of smoking among Haredi men in Israel. Though trends in smoking within the Haredi society have been quantitively examined, no qualitative research has ever focused on the motivations and mindsets stimulating individuals' choices to take health risks despite religious precepts to the contrary. Israeli Haredi men sometimes start smoking in their early childhood and are unmotivated to quit, and such circumstances should be examined. We interviewed 20 Israeli Haredi male smokers and overviewed the Haredi daily press and rabbinical attitudes toward smoking. Our findings indicate that Haredi men typically consider smoking as either permissible or, at worst, a minor sin. From childhood they view smoking as an expression of maturity, and moreover one which is associated with Jewish holidays and particular religious practices. Such perception relies on the Haredi establishment's normative exclusion of smoking from the Halachic commandments that aim to protect health. Finally, we illustrate key points to consider in paths leading to an intervention process to change these norms and practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shlomo Guzmen-Carmeli
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Bar Ilan University, 590002, Ramat Gan, Israel.
| | - Rotem Weizman
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Bar Ilan University, 590002, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Tammar Friedman
- Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Bar Ilan University, 590002, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Paul B, Jean Simon D, Kondo Tokpovi VC, Kiragu A, Balthazard-Accou K, Emmanuel E. Tobacco use in Haiti: findings from demographic and health survey. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2504. [PMID: 38097954 PMCID: PMC10720190 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17409-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although tobacco has harmful effects on the physical and mental health of individuals, its use remains significant, according to the World Health Organization. To understand this phenomenon, studies have been carried out in many countries around the world, while in Haiti where more than 5,000 people die each year due to tobacco use, little is known about the use of this substance. The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence and the factors associated with tobacco use in Haiti. METHODS We used data from the 2016/17 Haitian Demographic Health Survey. Both descriptive and multivariate analyses were conducted using STATA 16.0 software to assess the prevalence and identify factors associated with tobacco use. Results were reported as adjusted odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. Statistical significance was declared at p < 0.05. RESULTS The prevalence of tobacco use was estimated at 9.8% (95% CI: 9.2-10.4) among men and 1.7% (95% CI: 1.5-1.9) among women. Although the prevalence of tobacco use was low among young people, it increased with age. Respondents aged 35 and above, with no formal education, non-Christians, divorced/separated/widowed, from poorest households, rural areas, "Aire Métropolitaine de Port-au-Prince" region, with high media exposure had a higher likelihood of tobacco use. CONCLUSION The low prevalence of tobacco use among Haitian women and youth represents a public policy opportunity to prevent these vulnerable groups from starting smoking. Adult male smokers should also be targeted by appropriate policy to reduce the different health burdens associated with tobacco, both for the smokers and other people they may expose to passive smoking. Government and health sector stakeholders, along with community leaders, should create and enforce awareness strategies and rules to control advertisements that encourage irresponsible and health-risky consumption behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédique Paul
- Department of Agro-socio-economics, Chibas, Université Quisqueya, Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
- Groupe d'Etude sur les Sciences de la Durabilité, Université Quisqueya, Port-au-Prince, Haiti.
| | - David Jean Simon
- Bureau d'Etudes et de Recherche en Statistiques Appliquées, Suivi et Evaluation (BERSA-SE), Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | | | - Ann Kiragu
- Department of Law and Political and Social Sciences, University of Sorbonne Paris Nord, Paris, France
| | - Ketty Balthazard-Accou
- Groupe d'Etude sur les Sciences de la Durabilité, Université Quisqueya, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
- Espace universitaire One Health, Université Quisqueya, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
| | - Evens Emmanuel
- Espace universitaire One Health, Université Quisqueya, Port-au-Prince, Haiti
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Sharma P, Tranby B, Kamath C, Brockman T, Roche A, Hammond C, Brewer LC, Sinicrope P, Lenhart N, Quade B, Abuan N, Halom M, Staples J, Patten C. A Christian Faith-Based Facebook Intervention for Smoking Cessation in Rural Communities (FAITH-CORE): Protocol for a Community Participatory Development Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2023; 12:e52398. [PMID: 38090799 PMCID: PMC10753420 DOI: 10.2196/52398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco smoking remains the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in the United States, with significant rural-urban disparities. Adults who live in rural areas of the United States have among the highest tobacco smoking rates in the nation and experience a higher prevalence of smoking-related deaths and deaths due to chronic diseases for which smoking is a causal risk factor. Barriers to accessing tobacco use cessation treatments are a major contributing factor to these disparities. Adults living in rural areas experience difficulty accessing tobacco cessation services due to geographical challenges, lack of insurance coverage, and lack of health care providers who treat tobacco use disorders. The use of digital technology could be a practical answer to these barriers. OBJECTIVE This report describes a protocol for a study whose main objectives are to develop and beta test an innovative intervention that uses a private, moderated Facebook group platform to deliver peer support and faith-based cessation messaging to enhance the reach and uptake of existing evidence-based smoking cessation treatment (EBCT) resources (eg, state quitline coaching programs) for rural adults who smoke. METHODS We will use the Integrated Theory of Health Behavior Change, surface or deep structure frameworks to guide intervention development, and the community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach to identify and engage with community stakeholders. The initial content library of moderator postings (videos and text or image postings) will be developed using existing EBCT material from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Tips from Former Smokers Campaign. The content library will feature topics related to quitting smoking, such as coping with cravings and withdrawal and using EBCTs with faith-based message integration (eg, Bible quotes). A community advisory board and a community engagement studio will provide feedback to refine the content library. We will also conduct a beta test of the intervention with 15 rural adults who smoke to assess the recruitment feasibility and preliminary intervention uptake such as engagement, ease of use, usefulness, and satisfaction to further refine the intervention based on participant feedback. RESULTS The result of this study will create an intervention prototype that will be used for a future randomized controlled trial. CONCLUSIONS Our CBPR project will create a prototype of a Facebook-delivered faith-based messaging and peer support intervention that may assist rural adults who smoke to use EBCT. This study is crucial in establishing a self-sufficient smoking cessation program for the rural community. The project is unique in using a moderated social media platform providing peer support and culturally relevant faith-based content to encourage adult people who smoke to seek treatment and quit smoking. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/52398.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravesh Sharma
- Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic Health System, Mayo Clinic, Eau Claire, WI, United States
| | - Brianna Tranby
- Behavioral Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Celia Kamath
- Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Tabetha Brockman
- Health Equity and Community Engagement in Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Anne Roche
- Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | | | | | - Pamela Sinicrope
- Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Ned Lenhart
- Living Water Church, Cameron, WI, United States
| | - Brian Quade
- Bethesda Lutheran Church, Eau Claire, WI, United States
| | - Nate Abuan
- Valleybrook Church, Eau Claire, WI, United States
| | - Martin Halom
- St John's Lutheran Church, Bloomer, WI, United States
| | | | - Christi Patten
- Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
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Luetke Lanfer H, Rossmann C, Kargbo SI. Exploring the Contextual Factors of Religious Leader Participation in Health Communication: Evidence from a Qualitative Study in Sierra Leone. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2023; 62:1695-1715. [PMID: 35987844 PMCID: PMC9392582 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01632-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
As there are many and sometimes ambivalent intersections of health and religion, strategic collaborations with religious opinion leaders in health campaigns have been increasingly explored. Despite the known influence of distinct contextual factors within emergency and non-emergency settings, existing research seldom distinguishes between those different factors and their impact on the inclusion of religious leaders as health messengers. To compare the contextual factors of religious leaders as health messengers during emergency and non-emergency situations in a setting with high religious affiliations, this study used a qualitative approach and triangulated the perspectives of three different samples, including (religious) opinion leaders, members of religious communities, and developers of health communication strategies in Sierra Leone. The results provide multifaceted insights into contextual factors applicable to emergency and non-emergency settings as well as the risks and opportunities. Recommendations for the incorporation of religious leaders in health promotion activities in consideration of different contextual factors are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Luetke Lanfer
- School of Public Health, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Constanze Rossmann
- Division of Communication and Media Research, LMU Munich, Oettingenstr. 67, 80538 Munich, Germany
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Herold SC, Hvidt NC, Möller S, Christensen K, Ahrenfeldt LJ. Is Religiousness Associated with Better Lifestyle and Health Among Danes? Findings from SHARE. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:1621-1640. [PMID: 32488829 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-020-01050-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Evidence of a possible association between religion and health in secular societies is sparse. We therefore conducted a nationwide study using data from 1596 Danes aged 50 + who participated in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) wave 1 (2004-2005) and were followed up between 2006 and 2015, to investigate the association between religiousness and health including a lifestyle index. Results from the longitudinal models adjusted for age and gender showed that being religiously educated by parents, taking part in a religious organization, and praying were factors associated with fewer risk factors of unhealthy lifestyle. Furthermore, being religiously educated was associated with lower odds of self-rated poor health and depressive symptoms. Results were overall consistent across the cross-sectional and longitudinal models and persisted after further adjustment for education and marital status. These findings provide support for a positive relationship between religiousness and health among Danes, particularly for those being religiously educated by their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Christensen Herold
- Research Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9B, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Niels Christian Hvidt
- Research Unit of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark
- Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sören Möller
- OPEN - Odense Patient Data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Research Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9B, 5000, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense, Denmark
- Pharmacology and Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Linda Juel Ahrenfeldt
- Research Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9B, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
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Saintila J, Calizaya-Milla YE, Brañes-Ruiz DE, Nunura-Figueroa PR, Chávez-Hernández TC, Bautista-Mayuri VA, Santisteban-Murga LNR, Calizaya-Milla SE, Baquedano-Santana LE. Relationship Between Dietary Self-Efficacy and Religiosity Among Seventh-Day Adventists in Peru. J Multidiscip Healthc 2022; 15:259-269. [PMID: 35210784 PMCID: PMC8860354 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s350990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most of the studies involving members of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church (SDA) have been conducted in the United States and Canada. Aim The purpose of the study was to explore the relationship between dietary self-efficacy and religiosity among SDA members in Peru. Methods In this online cross-sectional study, 403 participants aged 18 to 59 years selected by convenience were included. The data collected included sociodemographic information. In addition, the Dietary Self-Efficacy Scale (DIET-SE) and the Duke University Index of Religion (DUREL) were administered. A correlation analysis was performed and multiple linear regression was used to examine the association between religiosity, dietary self-efficacy, and sociodemographic variables. Results Dietary self-efficacy was significantly negatively correlated with all dimensions of religiosity, ie, organized religious activities (ORA), non-organized religious activities (NORA), and intrinsic religiosity (IR). In addition, participants had high dietary self-efficacy and religiosity. Conclusion Although religiosity dimensions did not significantly predict dietary self-efficacy, however, the non-organized religious activities dimension was the strongest predictor of dietary self-efficacy among Adventists in Peru. The present study will serve as a basis for future research to further investigate the potential positive effect of religiosity on the improvement a healthy diet and possible changes in the physical and mental health of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacksaint Saintila
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Estilos de Vida, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
- Correspondence: Jacksaint Saintila, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Chosica, Lima, 15, Perú, Tel +51 991 354 542, Email
| | - Yaquelin E Calizaya-Milla
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Estilos de Vida, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Digna E Brañes-Ruiz
- Departamento de capellanía, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Pedro R Nunura-Figueroa
- Departamento de capellanía, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Treisy C Chávez-Hernández
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Estilos de Vida, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Vasthy A Bautista-Mayuri
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Estilos de Vida, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Luz N R Santisteban-Murga
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Estilos de Vida, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Sergio E Calizaya-Milla
- Grupo de Investigación en Nutrición y Estilos de Vida, Escuela de Nutrición Humana, Universidad Peruana Unión, Lima, Perú
| | - Laura E Baquedano-Santana
- Escuela de Posgrado, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú
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Sartor CE, Black AC. Profiles of Psychosocial Risk and Protective Factors and their Associations with Alcohol Use and Regular Smoking in Black Adults. J Racial Ethn Health Disparities 2021; 8:60-68. [PMID: 32440916 PMCID: PMC7679281 DOI: 10.1007/s40615-020-00754-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to identify the clustering of substance use-related psychosocial risk and protective factors (subgroups) and the differential associations of those subgroups with current alcohol use and regular smoking among Black adults. METHODS Data were drawn from 4462 participants (29% Afro Caribbean, 71% African American; median age = 38; 63% female) in a nationally representative study of social, economic, and structural conditions and health in Black Americans. Latent classes, i.e., subgroups, were derived via latent profile analysis with 10 indicators representing social support and religious involvement (support); demands from family and religious community (demands); and socioeconomic and neighborhood factors and racial discrimination (adversity). Frequency of alcohol use and prevalence of regular smoking were compared across classes using regression analyses. RESULTS Four classes emerged: (1) high support, low demands and adversity; (2) high support and demands, low-moderate adversity; (3) low support and demands, low-moderate adversity; and (4) low support, high demands and adversity. Relative to Class 1, frequency of alcohol use and regular smoking prevalence were significantly higher only in Class 4. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate substantive variations in the clustering of substance use-related psychosocial risk and protective factors in Black adults. Furthermore, they suggest that neither the presence of high demands nor the absence of support alone differentiates likelihood of engaging in frequent alcohol use or regular smoking, but adverse experiences such as racial discrimination may be especially impactful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn E Sartor
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 389 Whitney Avenue, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA.
| | - Anne C Black
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Svensson NH, Hvidt NC, Nissen SP, Storsveen MM, Hvidt EA, Søndergaard J, Thilsing T. Religiosity and Health-Related Risk Behaviours in a Secular Culture-Is there a Correlation? JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2020; 59:2381-2396. [PMID: 31562592 PMCID: PMC7502034 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-019-00919-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we examine the correlation between religiosity and health-related risk behaviours among citizens aged 29-60 based on a cross-sectional survey in Denmark, known for its more secular culture. Health-related risk behaviours such as smoking and alcohol intake are known to increase the risk of developing one or more chronic or life-threatening diseases. In this study religiosity, in a random sample of Danes, seems to be associated with healthier lifestyle, such as a healthier dietary pattern and less smoking, as is found in more religious cultures. Our study suggests that religious practice among Danish citizens seems to be correlated with health behaviours and that healthcare professionals should pay more attention to the connection between religiosity and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanna Herning Svensson
- Research Unit for General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9A, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Niels Christian Hvidt
- Research Unit for General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9A, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Susanne Pagh Nissen
- Research Unit for General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9A, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Maria Munch Storsveen
- Research Unit for General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9A, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Elisabeth Assing Hvidt
- Research Unit for General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9A, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jens Søndergaard
- Research Unit for General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9A, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Trine Thilsing
- Research Unit for General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9A, 5000, Odense, Denmark
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Mathew AR, Yang E, Avery EF, Crane MM, Lange-Maia BS, Lynch EB. Trauma exposure, PTSD symptoms, and tobacco use: Does church attendance buffer negative effects? JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2020; 48:2364-2374. [PMID: 32789875 PMCID: PMC7654728 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Traumatic stress and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are overrepresented in urban African American communities, and associated with health risk behaviors such as tobacco use. Support and resources provided by churches may reduce trauma-related health risks. In the current study, we assessed weekly church attendance as a moderator of relations between (a) traumatic event exposure and probable PTSD, and (b) probable PTSD and tobacco use. Data were drawn from a health surveillance study conducted in seven churches located in Chicago's West Side. Participants (N = 1015) were adults from churches as well as the surrounding community. Trauma exposure was reported by 62% of participants, with 25% of those who experienced trauma reporting probable PTSD. Overall, more than one-third of participants (37.2%) reported current tobacco use. As compared with non-weekly church attendance, weekly church attendance was associated with a lower likelihood of PTSD (odds ratio [OR] = 0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.26-0.62; p < .0001) and lower tobacco use overall (OR = 0.22; 95% CI = 0.16-0.30; p < .0001), but did not moderate the effect of trauma exposure on risk of PTSD, or the effect of PTSD on tobacco use. Findings support church attendance as a potential buffer of trauma-related stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda R. Mathew
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center
| | - Eric Yang
- Center for Community Health Equity, Rush University Medical Center
| | | | - Melissa M. Crane
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center
| | - Brittney S. Lange-Maia
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center
- Center for Community Health Equity, Rush University Medical Center
| | - Elizabeth B. Lynch
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Rush University Medical Center
- Center for Community Health Equity, Rush University Medical Center
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Ehsani-Chimeh E, Sajadi HS, Behzadifar M, Aghaei M, Badrizadeh A, Behzadifar M, Bragazzi NL. Current and former smokers among adolescents aged 12-17 years in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:155. [PMID: 32005217 PMCID: PMC6995203 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8255-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Smoking, especially among adolescents, is considered a serious public health concern worldwide being associated with increased mortality. The present study was designed as the first systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of current and former smoking behavior among adolescents in Iran. Methods Seven international scholarly databases, namely Scopus, Embase, Pubmed/Medline, ISI/Web of Science (WOS), the Cochrane Library, Psyc Info and Cinahl, were extensively searched from January 2000 to September 18, 2019. Google Scholar was also mined. Iranian databases were searched as well (namely, MagIran, Scientific Information Database (SID), and Barakatkns). The DerSimonian-Laird’s approach, via the Freeman-Tukey double arcsine method, was used to synthesize the prevalence estimates. Results The prevalence of current smokers among Iranian adolescents was estimated to be 9% (95% CI: 7 to 10). Stratifying based on gender, the prevalence was 12% among boys (95% CI: 10 to 14) and 6% among girls (95% CI: 5 to 8). The prevalence of former smokers among Iranian adolescents using the random-effect model was computed to be 24% (95% CI: 21 to 27). Conclusion The findings of this study showed that the prevalence of current and former smoking behavior among Iranian adolescents is a relevant public health concern. The country’s young population should be given more attention by health policy- and decision-makers and implementation of ad hoc prevention and control policies should be on their agenda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ehsani-Chimeh
- National Institute for Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haniye Sadat Sajadi
- National Institute for Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Behzadifar
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Aghaei
- Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Badrizadeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Masoud Behzadifar
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
| | - Nicola Luigi Bragazzi
- Department of Health Sciences (DISSAL), Postgraduate School of Public Health, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Laboratory for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (LIAM), York University, Toronto, Canada
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Ngango JM, Omole OB. Prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of cardiovascular risk factors among patients with hypertension in South African primary care. Cardiovasc J Afr 2019; 29:344-351. [PMID: 31199426 PMCID: PMC9048240 DOI: 10.5830/cvja-2018-038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence and sociodemographic correlates of cardiovascular risk factors among patients with hypertension at Johan Heyns Community Health Centre, Sedibeng district, South Africa. METHODS A total of 328 participants were systematically sampled. A researcher-administered questionnaire collected information on: socio-demography, presence of diabetes, family history of hypercholesterolaemia, family history of fatal cardiovascular (CV) events, and engagement in physical activities. Other measurements included: blood pressure (BP), weight, height, abdominal circumference and electrocardiography (ECG). Data analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-squared test and regression analysis. Main outcome measures included the proportions of participants with each CV risk and their significant sociodemographic determinants. RESULTS Participants' mean age was 57.7 years. Most participants were black (86.0%), female (79%) and pensioners (43.6%). The mean BP was 139/84 mmHg, and 60.7% had their BP controlled to targets. There was an average of 3.7 CV risk factors per participant and the prevalence of CV risk factors was: abdominal obesity (80.8%), physical inactivity (73.2%), diabetes (30.2%), alcohol use (28.0%), hypercholesterolaemia (26.5%), smoking (11.9%), past family history of fatal CV event (14.9%), and left ventricular hypertrophy (5.2%). Sociodemographic factors significantly associated with each CV risk factor were: obesity and being female (p = 0.00); alcohol use and young age (p = 0.00); smoking, being male and race other than black (p = 0.00 and p = 0.00, respectively); physical inactivity, being a pensioner and male (p = 0.02 and p = 0.02, respectively); diabetes and being male (p = 0.03); hypercholesterolaemia and race other than black (p = 0.03); family history of hypercholesterolaemia and race other than black (p = 0.00); and family history of fatal CV event and race other than black (p = 0.00). CONCLUSIONS There is a high burden of CV risk factors among patients with hypertension in South African primary care, signifying a substantial risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in this setting. Interventions aimed at CVD risk reduction need to take cognisance of the sociodemographic correlates of CV risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Ngango
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - O B Omole
- Division of Family Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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12
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Dadipoor S, Kok G, Aghamolaei T, Ghaffari M, Heyrani A, Ghanbarnezhad A. Explaining the determinants of hookah consumption among women in southern Iran: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:1655. [PMID: 31823785 PMCID: PMC6902318 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-7917-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of hookah consumption has been on the increase in Iran over the past two decades. This rate is higher among women than men in the south of Iran than other geographical areas. The purpose of this study was to explain the determinants of hookah consumption among indigenous women of Bandar Abbas city, southern Iran. METHODS This is the first qualitative study with the conventional content analysis approach that has examined the factors affecting the consumption of hookah at all ecological levels in 2018-2019. Participants, with a maximum variation in terms of age, education, occupation, hookah consumption and geographical areas of the city, were selected purposefully to take part in a semi-structured interview. The data were recorded, typed and analyzed according to the framework of the ecological model of health promotion at five levels (intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, social and political). The interview continued until data saturation. MAXQDA software version 10 was used for data management. RESULTS Interviews were conducted with 56 participants (21 female hookah smokers, 15 female ex- smokers, and 20 experienced experts). A total of eight main categories were extracted from the data including; positive attitude towards hookah consumption, psychosocial needs, sensory charms of hookah, individual factors, family factors, cultural-environmental backgrounds, social-political backgrounds, and economic challenges. CONCLUSIONS The results indicated the extensive influence of internal and external factors on the consumption of hookah. In order to successfully reduce the consumption of hookah, it is essential to consider intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, social and political factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakineh Dadipoor
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Gerjo Kok
- Department of Work and Social Psychology, School of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Teamur Aghamolaei
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Mohtasham Ghaffari
- Environmental and Occupational Hazards Control Research Center, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Heyrani
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
| | - Amin Ghanbarnezhad
- Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
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Nunziata L, Toffolutti V. "Thou Shalt not Smoke": Religion and smoking in a natural experiment of history. SSM Popul Health 2019; 8:100412. [PMID: 31338409 PMCID: PMC6626118 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2019.100412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We provide a new identification strategy to analyse the implications of religious affiliation on unhealthful behaviour by focusing on the link between religiousness and smoking. Our quasi-experimental research design exploits the exogenous dramatic fall in religious affiliation that took place in East Germany after the post-war separation. Our conditional difference-in-differences estimates on data from the German Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) for the period 1998-2006 indicate that individuals who are not affiliated to any religious denomination are consistently 13-19 percentage points more likely to smoke than are religious individuals. We interpret our results on the basis of a restraining effect of religious ethics on unhealthy behaviour, confirming the view that religion is a far-reaching vehicle for the enforcement of social norms.
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Attarabeen O, Alkhateeb F, Larkin K, Sambamoorthi U, Newton M, Kelly K. Tobacco Use among Adult Muslims in the United States. Subst Use Misuse 2019; 54:1385-1399. [PMID: 30964368 PMCID: PMC6510592 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2019.1581223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared with the general United States (US) population, Muslims in the US exhibit elevated rates of tobacco use. As a result, they might be at a higher risk for preventive disease and premature death as compared with the general US population. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) factors that are associated with tobacco use among a sample of adult Muslims in the US. METHODS Data were collected (November 2016-March 2017) using a cross-sectional, on-line survey from a convenience sample of adult (≥ 18 years) US Muslims. Participants with a lung cancer history were excluded. Associations between SCT factors and tobacco use were investigated with bivariate analyses and multinomial logistic regression models. RESULTS Eligible participants (n = 271) from 30 states completed the survey; 52.8% reported current tobacco use. A higher rate of current tobacco use was reported by men (62.8%) as compared to women (41.3%), x2(1, N = 271) = 12.49, p < .001. In terms of cognitive factors, individuals who (1) expected more personal consequences for tobacco use on health, and (2) had more confidence regarding ability to abstain from tobacco use, were less likely to report current tobacco use. In terms of environmental factors, individuals whose family members did not use tobacco were less likely to report current tobacco use. CONCLUSION The study findings suggest that family-oriented interventions emphasizing self-efficacy and personal consequences to prevent tobacco use can potentially be effective in reducing tobacco use rates in the adult US Muslim population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Attarabeen
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Research, & Administration, School of Pharmacy, Marshall University, Huntington, West Virginia, USA
| | | | - Kevin Larkin
- Department of Psychology, Eberly College of Arts and Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Usha Sambamoorthi
- Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center (North), Department of Pharmaceutical Systems & Policy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Michael Newton
- Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center (North), Department of Clinical Pharmacy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - Kimberly Kelly
- Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center (North), Department of Pharmaceutical Systems & Policy, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
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Kantrow SP, Jolley SE, Price-Haywood EG, Wang X, Tseng TS, Arnold D, Brown LF, Leonardi C, Scribner RA, Trapido EJ, Lin HY. Using the emergency department to investigate smoking in young adults. Ann Epidemiol 2019; 30:44-49.e1. [PMID: 30555003 PMCID: PMC6510949 DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Smoking in young adults identifies the population at risk for future tobacco-related disease. We investigated smoking in a young adult population and within high-risk groups using emergency department (ED) data in a metropolitan area. METHODS Using the electronic health record, we performed a retrospective study of smoking in adults aged 18-30 years presenting to the ED. RESULTS Smoking status was available for 55,777 subjects (90.9% of the total ED cohort); 60.8% were women, 55.0% were black, 35.3% were white, and 8.1% were Hispanic; 34.4% were uninsured. Most smokers used cigarettes (95.1%). Prevalence of current smoking was 21.7% for women and 42.5% for men. The electronic health record contains data about diagnosis and social history that can be used to investigate smoking status for high-risk populations. Smoking prevalence was highest for substance use disorder (58.0%), psychiatric illness (41.3%) and alcohol use (39.1%), and lowest for pregnancy (13.5%). In multivariable analyses, male gender, white race, lack of health insurance, alcohol use, and illicit drug use were independently associated with smoking. Smoking risk among alcohol and drug users varied by gender, race, and/or age. CONCLUSIONS The ED provides access to a large, demographically diverse population, and supports investigation of smoking risk in young adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen P Kantrow
- Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care and Allergy/Immunology, Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA.
| | - Sarah E Jolley
- Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care and Allergy/Immunology, Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Eboni G Price-Haywood
- Center for Outcomes and Health Services and Department of Internal Medicine, Ochsner Health System, New Orleans, LA
| | - Xinnan Wang
- Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Tung-Sung Tseng
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Dodie Arnold
- Louisiana Public Health Institute, New Orleans, LA
| | | | - Claudia Leonardi
- Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Richard A Scribner
- Epidemiology Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Edward J Trapido
- Epidemiology Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
| | - Hui-Yi Lin
- Biostatistics Program, School of Public Health, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA
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Religiousness and lifestyle among Europeans in SHARE. Public Health 2018; 165:74-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Petersen AB, Thompson LM, Dadi GB, Tolcha A, Cataldo JK. An exploratory study of knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs related to tobacco use and secondhand smoke among women in Aleta Wondo, Ethiopia. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2018; 18:154. [PMID: 30249233 PMCID: PMC6154788 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-018-0640-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND By 2030, the Sub-Saharan African region is projected to be the epicenter of the tobacco epidemic. While smoking prevalence is currently low among women (< 2%), the prevalence among men (7.7% overall and up to 27% depending on region) makes exposure to secondhand smoke a pressing concern for women and children. To prevent the uptake of smoking among women and address tobacco-related risks, including secondhand smoke exposure, a greater understanding of women's related perceptions is needed. The purpose of this study was to explore Ethiopian women's knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs related to tobacco use and secondhand smoke exposure, and the potential influence of contextual factors including; khat use, exposure to pro- and anti-tobacco messaging, and religious affiliation. METHODS A cross-sectional study using a systematic household sampling technique and an adapted interviewer-administered survey was conducted in Southern Ethiopia. The survey was administered to 353 women, 18-55 years of age, in Aleta Wondo town and surrounding districts between August-October 2014 (95.2% cooperation rate). RESULTS General awareness of harm associated with personal tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke was high (> 94%); however, specific knowledge of associated health-risks was limited. More than 96% perceived female tobacco use as socially unacceptable. At the same time, more than 70% were able to name potential benefits of using tobacco for both personal consumption and non-personal use. Respondents reported greater experimentation with khat versus tobacco and 73% reported that their religion significantly influenced their tobacco-related attitudes. Overall, there were higher reports of exposure to anti-tobacco (70%) versus pro-tobacco (49%) messaging, in the last 30 days. CONCLUSIONS The high level of awareness of health risks associated with tobacco use and SHS exposure and the high exposure to anti-tobacco messaging are community-level strengths that can proactively be built on to prevent the projected disease burden associated with tobacco. Findings have implications for the development of contextualized gender-specific tobacco control interventions, particularly in relation to the promotion of smoke-free homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Berit Petersen
- School of Nursing, Loma Linda University, West Hall, 11262 Campus Street, Loma Linda, CA, 92350, USA. .,Department of Physiological Nursing and Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, 2 Koret Way, N611Q, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.
| | - Lisa M Thompson
- Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, 1520 Clifton Road, Suite 226, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Gezahegn Bekele Dadi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, PO Box 1560, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Alemu Tolcha
- School of Public and Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, PO Box 1560, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Janine K Cataldo
- Department of Physiological Nursing and Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco, 2 Koret Way, N611Q, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA
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Nketiah-Amponsah E, Afful-Mensah G, Ampaw S. Determinants of cigarette smoking and smoking intensity among adult males in Ghana. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:941. [PMID: 30064492 PMCID: PMC6069749 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5872-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In spite of the adverse health and financial implications of smoking, it still remains one of the leading causes of preventable diseases and deaths in the world. Key to discouraging the habit of smoking is knowledge of the drivers of smoking. In Ghana, though smoking behaviours are relatively more associated with adult males than youth and adolescents, studies on smoking behaviours of adult males are scant. This study, therefore, investigates the determinants of cigarette smoking and smoking intensity among adult males in Ghana. METHODS Data were obtained from the most recent Ghana Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted in 2014. Based on the 2014 GDHS, a negative binomial-logit hurdle model was estimated to explore the socioeconomic and demographic characteristics associated with cigarette consumption and smoking intensity among adult males in Ghana. To ensure robustness, separate estimations were performed for the respective logit and negative binomial models used in the two-part model. RESULTS We find that men in lower socioeconomic category (poor and low education) have a higher likelihood to smoke. Also, age proved significant in explaining smoking behaviors in Ghana. Moreover, religion and region of residence are reported to affect cigarette consumption decision. Furthermore, we find that among the men who smoke, those between the ages of 44 and 60 years and have attained approximately primary education have a higher likelihood to smoke greater quantities of cigarette daily. Also, the smokers who reside in the Upper East and Upper West regions are reported to smoke more intensely than their counterparts in the Greater Accra region. CONCLUSION Since smoking remains one of the major causes of diseases and deaths the world over, the current study provides recent empirical evidence based on a nationally representative sample for public health policies geared towards smoking reduction and ultimately cessation. This study suggests that public policies that promote higher educational attainment and improved incomes (wealth) are crucial in smoking reduction and cessation in Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gloria Afful-Mensah
- Department of Economics, Management and Quantitative Methods, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Samuel Ampaw
- Department of Economics, University of Ghana, Legon (Accra), Ghana
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