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Optimization of Bacillus subtilis-based fermentation of anaerobic digestate and biohazard-free application in endophyte-assisted hardening of micropropagated plantlets for increasing survivability. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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2
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Elmowafy M, Shalaby K, Elkomy M, Alruwaili NK, Mostafa EM, Afzal M, Alharbi KS, Mohammed EF, Ali HM, Salama A, Barakat EH. Impact of highly phospholipid-containing lipid nanocarriers on oral bioavailability and pharmacodynamics performance of genistein. Pharm Dev Technol 2022; 27:435-447. [DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2022.2076111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Elmowafy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled Shalaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Elkomy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil K. Alruwaili
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab M. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S. Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elshaer F. Mohammed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazim M. Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, P.O. Box 2014, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Salama
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Ind. Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Elsaied H. Barakat
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Ind. Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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Kambale EK, Mukubwa GK, Mwabonkolo MM, Musuyu DM, Nkanga CI, Memvanga PB. In vivo antimalarial activity of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems containing ethanolic extract of Morinda lucida in combination with other Congolese plants extracts. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e20074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Nanotechnology Applications of Flavonoids for Viral Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111895. [PMID: 34834309 PMCID: PMC8625292 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have witnessed the emergence of several viral diseases, including various zoonotic diseases such as the current pandemic caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Other viruses, which possess pandemic-causing potential include avian flu, Ebola, dengue, Zika, and Nipah virus, as well as the re-emergence of SARS (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome) and MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) coronaviruses. Notably, effective drugs or vaccines against these viruses are still to be discovered. All the newly approved vaccines against the SARS-CoV-2-induced disease COVID-19 possess real-time possibility of becoming obsolete because of the development of ‘variants of concern’. Flavonoids are being increasingly recognized as prophylactic and therapeutic agents against emerging and old viral diseases. Around 10,000 natural flavonoid compounds have been identified, being phytochemicals, all plant-based. Flavonoids have been reported to have lesser side effects than conventional anti-viral agents and are effective against more viral diseases than currently used anti-virals. Despite their abundance in plants, which are a part of human diet, flavonoids have the problem of low bioavailability. Various attempts are in progress to increase the bioavailability of flavonoids, one of the promising fields being nanotechnology. This review is a narrative of some anti-viral dietary flavonoids, their bioavailability, and various means with an emphasis on the nanotechnology system(s) being experimented with to deliver anti-viral flavonoids, whose systems show potential in the efficient delivery of flavonoids, resulting in increased bioavailability.
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Gyanewali S, Kesharwani P, Sheikh A, Ahmad FJ, Trivedi R, Talegaonkar S. Formulation development and in vitro-in vivo assessment of protransfersomal gel of anti-resorptive drug in osteoporosis treatment. Int J Pharm 2021; 608:121060. [PMID: 34500057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and economic burden worldwide. Despite being an effective in combating the bone-deteriorating disorders, bisphosphonates have several shortcomings including poor and variable bioavailability, low permeability, high toxicity, etc. In this study, we developed and optimized protransfersome formulation for the drug risedronate sodium (RIS-Na) with the goal of enhancing its bioavailability and hence patient compliance. Phase separation coacervation technique was utilized for development of optimized formulation. Optimization was achieved by using three-factor, three-level Box-Behnken design combined with Response Surface Methodology (RSM). This enabled us to decipher the effect of 3 independent variables (Phospholipid, Tween-80 and Sodium Deoxycholate) on three dependent parameters (entrapment efficiency, vesicle size and transdermal flux). Optimized formulation was further evaluated for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters. Smooth, spherical protransfersomes with a size of 260 ± 18 nm, having entrapment efficiency and flux of 80.4 ± 4.90% and 8.41 ± 0.148 μg/cm2/h, respectively were prepared. Ex vivo studies revealed a shorter lag time of 1.21 ± 0.18 h and higher flux associated with transdermal formulation. CLSM analysis further revealed better drug penetration (220 μm) through the skin in case of protransfersomes as compared to drug solution (72 μm). Additionally, biomechanical, biochemical, and histo-pathological studies further validated the results. Thus, it was concluded that protransfersome formulation has a great potential in providing better therapeutic efficacy of risedronate than its conventional counterpart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Gyanewali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
| | - Afsana Sheikh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Farhan Jalees Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India
| | - Ritu Trivedi
- Department of Endocrinology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Sushama Talegaonkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi 110017, India.
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Multifaceted implementation of nanotechnology in ameliorating therapeutic efficacy of soy phytoestrogens: Comprehensive review on the state of art. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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7
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Buya AB, Beloqui A, Memvanga PB, Préat V. Self-Nano-Emulsifying Drug-Delivery Systems: From the Development to the Current Applications and Challenges in Oral Drug Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1194. [PMID: 33317067 PMCID: PMC7764143 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately one third of newly discovered drug molecules show insufficient water solubility and therefore low oral bio-availability. Self-nano-emulsifying drug-delivery systems (SNEDDSs) are one of the emerging strategies developed to tackle the issues associated with their oral delivery. SNEDDSs are composed of an oil phase, surfactant, and cosurfactant or cosolvent. SNEDDSs characteristics, their ability to dissolve a drug, and in vivo considerations are determinant factors in the choice of SNEDDSs excipients. A SNEDDS formulation can be optimized through phase diagram approach or statistical design of experiments. The characterization of SNEDDSs includes multiple orthogonal methods required to fully control SNEDDS manufacture, stability, and biological fate. Encapsulating a drug in SNEDDSs can lead to increased solubilization, stability in the gastro-intestinal tract, and absorption, resulting in enhanced bio-availability. The transformation of liquid SNEDDSs into solid dosage forms has been shown to increase the stability and patient compliance. Supersaturated, mucus-permeating, and targeted SNEDDSs can be developed to increase efficacy and patient compliance. Self-emulsification approach has been successful in oral drug delivery. The present review gives an insight of SNEDDSs for the oral administration of both lipophilic and hydrophilic compounds from the experimental bench to marketed products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristote B. Buya
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, B1.73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (A.B.B.); (A.B.)
- Pharmaceutics and Phytopharmaceutical Drug Development Research Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI BP 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
| | - Ana Beloqui
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, B1.73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (A.B.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Patrick B. Memvanga
- Pharmaceutics and Phytopharmaceutical Drug Development Research Group, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa XI BP 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo;
| | - Véronique Préat
- Advanced Drug Delivery and Biomaterials, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Avenue Mounier 73, B1.73.12, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (A.B.B.); (A.B.)
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Yadav P, Rastogi V, Verma A. Application of Box–Behnken design and desirability function in the development and optimization of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system for enhanced dissolution of ezetimibe. FUTURE JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43094-020-00023-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
This study is focused on developing and optimizing a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) of BCS class II drug (ezetimibe) through Box–Behnken design (BBD) and desirability function for enhanced dissolution.
Pseudoternary phase diagrams were created by taking oil (Peceol), surfactant (Tween80), and co-surfactant (Transcutol-P) and the concentration ranges were identified for generating BBD. The composition of ezetimibe-SNEDDS was optimized through various response variables viz. globule size (Y1), %transmittance (Y2), self-emulsification time (Y3), dissolution after 5 min and 40 min (Y4, Y5). Optimized formulation was characterized for various physicochemical properties.
Results
Pseudoternary phase diagram having maximum nano-emulsification area was selected to formulate SNEDDS. Derived polynomial equation and model graphs were exercised to investigate the impact of formulation variables on the responses. Significant effect of formulation composition on the responses was observed (p < 0.05). The formulation with least oil (10%) and high surfactant (60%) exhibited low globule size (24.4 ± 2.07 nm), low emulsification time (55 s) but high %transmittance (101.2%) and drug release (49.21% after 5 min; 95.27% after 40 min). Based on the desirability function, the optimized formulation was selected and reformulated. The optimized formulation (FF1) was found to be uniform, stable, and showed similar observed and predicted responses.
Conclusion
The potential of SNEDDS in improving the dissolution profile of weakly soluble drug and the applicability of BBD with desirability function in optimizing a SNEDD formulation has made it possible to identify the impact of various independent variables on optimization of the formulation for better responses.
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Anand A, Iyer BR, Ponnusamy C, Pandiyan R, Sugumaran A. Design and Development of Lomustine Loaded Chitosan Nanoparticles for Efficient Brain Targeting. Cardiovasc Hematol Agents Med Chem 2020; 18:45-54. [PMID: 32013840 DOI: 10.2174/1871525718666200203112502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present research work discussed the preparation of lomustine loaded with chitosan nanoparticles (LNCp) by ionic gelation method with homogenization using the design on experiments by Box-Behnken design. METHODS The nanoparticles are evaluated by particle size, zeta potential, surface morphology, drug content, entrapment efficiency and in-vitro drug release. RESULTS The FT-IR results support that drug have no interaction with excipients, which are used in the preparation of nanoparticle. The particle size, drug content and encapsulation efficiency of the developed nanoparticles ranged from 190 to 255 nm, 80.88% to 94.02%, and 77.12 to 88.74%, respectively. The drug release rate is diffusion-controlled over 8 hours. The F-value for all of the responses shows that the models are significant. The p-value, less than 0.05 for all the responses reveals the significance of the models. Graphical optimisation is done by desirability plot and overlay plot, which contains optimal values of independent variables with the desirability of 1. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the results suggested that the optimised lomustine loaded chitosan nanoparticles are useful for brain targeting hence hold the potential for further research and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupriya Anand
- SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India
| | - Bharadhwaj Ramesh Iyer
- SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India
| | - Chandrasekar Ponnusamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, University College of Engineering, Bharathidasan Institute of Technology Campus, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, India
| | - Rajesh Pandiyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Karpagam University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Abimanyu Sugumaran
- SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai, India
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Sharma A, Singh AP, Harikumar SL. Development and optimization of nanoemulsion based gel for enhanced transdermal delivery of nitrendipine using box-behnken statistical design. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2020; 46:329-342. [PMID: 31976777 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2020.1721527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of present research was to develop and statistically optimize nitrendipine nanoemulsion gel for transdermal delivery using box-behnken statistical design.Method: The nanoemulsion formulations bearing nitrendipine were prepared by application of ternary phase diagram and spontaneous emulsification method. Box-behnken design was employed for the optimization of nitrendipine loaded nanoemulsion. The independent variables were oil, surfactant and co-surfactant while globule size, drug content and zeta potential were dependent variables. The optimized nanoemulsion formulation was incorporated into gel and evaluated for in-vitro release, ex-vivo permeation studies, confocal laser scanning microscopy, skin irritation and histopathological studies.Results: The optimized formulation through box-behnken statistical design showed globule size of 20.43 ± 1.50 nm, drug content of 97.05 ± 1.77% and zeta potential of -15.45 ± 0.35 mV. The ex-vivo study confirmed the enhanced delivery of nitrendipine from nanoemulsion gel than compare to drug solution by virtue of better permeation and solubility. Nanoemulsion gel was proved significantly superior by confocal laser scanning microscopy for satisfactory permeation and distribution of gel, deep into the rat skin. The optimized gel was found with no allergic dermal effects and was proved safe by histopathological studies for transdermal application.Conclusions: Results reveals that developed nitrendipine nanoemulsion gel overcomes the limitation of low penetration and accentuate permeation through albino Wistar rat skin. It was concluded that nanoemulsion gel could be utilized as a potential carrier for transdermal delivery of nitrendipine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Sharma
- Research scholar, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, India
| | - A P Singh
- Research and Development, I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, India
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Sansone F, Mencherini T, Picerno P, Lauro MR, Cerrato M, Aquino RP. Development of Health Products from Natural Sources. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:4606-4630. [PMID: 30259806 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180926152139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BioActive Compounds (BACs) recovered from food or food by-product matrices are useful in maintaining well being, enhancing human health, and modulating immune function to prevent or to treat chronic diseases. They are also generally seen by final consumers as safe, non-toxic and environment-friendly. Despite the complex process of production, chemical characterization, and assessment of health effects, BACs must also be manufactured in stable and bioactive ingredients to be used in pharmaceutical, food and nutraceutical industry. Generally, vegetable derivatives occur as sticky raw materials with pervasive smell and displeasing flavor. Also, they show critical water solubility and dramatic stability behavior over time, involving practical difficulties for industrial use. Therefore, the development of novel functional health products from natural sources requires the design of a suitable formulation to delivery BACs at the site of action, preserve stability during processing and storage, slow down the degradation processes, mask lousy tasting or smell, and increase the bioavailability, while maintaining the BACs functionality. The present review focuses on human health benefits, BACs composition, and innovative technologies or formulation approaches of natural ingredients from some selected foods and by-products from industrial food transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Patrizia Picerno
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | | | - Michele Cerrato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
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12
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Kassem AM, Ibrahim HM, Samy AM. Development and optimisation of atorvastatin calcium loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) for enhancing oral bioavailability: in vitro and in vivo evaluation. J Microencapsul 2017; 34:319-333. [DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2017.1328464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulsalam M. Kassem
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hany M. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Samy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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13
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Self-emulsifying phospholipid pre-concentrates (SEPPs) for improved oral delivery of the anti-cancer genistein: Development, appraisal and ex-vivo intestinal permeation. Int J Pharm 2016; 511:745-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Panizzon GP, Bueno FG, Ueda-Nakamura T, Nakamura CV, Dias Filho BP. Preparation of Spray-Dried Soy Isoflavone-Loaded Gelatin Microspheres for Enhancement of Dissolution: Formulation, Characterization and in Vitro Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2014; 6:599-615. [PMID: 25494200 PMCID: PMC4279135 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics6040599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The most bioactive soy isoflavones (SI), daidzein (DAI) and genistein (GEN) have poor water solubility, which reduces their bioavailability and health benefits and limits their use in industry. The goal of this study was to develop and characterize a new gelatin matrix to microencapsulate DAI and GEN from soy extract (SE) by spray drying, in order to obtain solid dispersions to overcome solubility problems and to allow controlled release. The influences of 1:2 (MP2) and 1:3 (MP3) SE/polymer ratios on the solid state, yield, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, particle size distribution, release kinetics and cumulative release were evaluated. Analyses showed integral microparticles and high drug content. MP3 and MP2 yield were 43.6% and 55.9%, respectively, with similar mean size (p > 0.05), respectively. X-ray diffraction revealed the amorphous solid state of SE. In vitro release tests showed that dissolution was drastically increased. The results indicated that SE microencapsulation might offer a good system to control SI release, as an alternative to improve bioavailability and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gean Pier Panizzon
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, 87020-900, PR, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda Giacomini Bueno
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, 87020-900, PR, Brazil.
| | - Tânia Ueda-Nakamura
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, 87020-900, PR, Brazil.
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, 87020-900, PR, Brazil.
| | - Benedito Prado Dias Filho
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Program, Department of Pharmacy, State University of Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, Maringá, 87020-900, PR, Brazil.
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Alayoubi A, Abu-Fayyad A, Rawas-Qalaji MM, Sylvester PW, Nazzal S. Effect of lipid viscosity and high-pressure homogenization on the physical stability of "Vitamin E" enriched emulsion. Pharm Dev Technol 2014; 20:555-61. [PMID: 24621375 DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2014.898655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Recently there has been a growing interest in vitamin E for its potential use in cancer therapy. The objective of this work was therefore to formulate a physically stable parenteral lipid emulsion to deliver higher doses of vitamin E than commonly used in commercial products. Specifically, the objectives were to study the effects of homogenization pressure, number of homogenizing cycles, viscosity of the oil phase, and oil content on the physical stability of emulsions fortified with high doses of vitamin E (up to 20% by weight). This was done by the use of a 27-run, 4-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken statistical design. Viscosity, homogenization pressure, and number of cycles were found to have a significant effect on particle size, which ranged from 213 to 633 nm, and on the percentage of vitamin E remaining emulsified after storage, which ranged from 17 to 100%. Increasing oil content from 10 to 20% had insignificant effect on the responses. Based on the results it was concluded that stable vitamin E rich emulsions could be prepared by repeated homogenization at higher pressures and by lowering the viscosity of the oil phase, which could be adjusted by blending the viscous vitamin E with medium-chain triglycerides (MCT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaadin Alayoubi
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe , Monroe, LA , USA and
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Islambulchilar Z, Valizadeh H, Zakeri-Milani P. Systematic development of DoE optimized SNEDDS of sirolimus with enhanced intestinal absorption. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(14)50128-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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17
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Shakeel F, Haq N, Alanazi FK, Alsarra IA. Self-nanoemulsifying performance of two grades of Lauroglycol (Lauroglycol-90 and Lauroglycol-FCC) in the presence of mixed nonionic surfactants. Pharm Dev Technol 2013; 19:799-805. [PMID: 23964928 DOI: 10.3109/10837450.2013.829099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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18
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Lee DW, Marasini N, Poudel BK, Kim JH, Cho HJ, Moon BK, Choi HG, Yong CS, Kim JO. Application of Box–Behnken design in the preparation and optimization of fenofibrate-loaded self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS). J Microencapsul 2013; 31:31-40. [DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2013.805837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Proposal of stability categories for nano-dispersions obtained from pharmaceutical self-emulsifying formulations. Int J Pharm 2013; 446:70-80. [PMID: 23402974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 01/30/2013] [Accepted: 02/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-based formulations that disperse in water as nano-droplets are of considerable pharmaceutical interest. However, there is a recent debate on which systems form stable swollen micelles rather than other thermodynamically unstable nano-emulsions. This study introduces stability categories for nano-dispersions by considering theoretical arguments of particle size and polydispersity. In a second step, 20 pharmaceutical nano-emulsifying formulations were investigated with respect to the physical stability of the aqueous dispersions. Thermo-reversibility was studied using dynamic laser light scattering, ultrasonic resonator technology and near-infrared (NIR) analytical centrifugation. As a result, the majority of the dispersions were indeed nano-emulsions that exhibited only kinetic stability. Dispersions that were stable following the heat stress test were then further evaluated with respect to an alternative compounding other than dilution from a preconcentrate. Seven dispersions were hereafter deemed to be stable in the thermodynamic sense because they exhibited the same light scattering results independent of their compounding method. In conclusion, the proposed stability categories were shown to successfully assign dispersions. This has a general importance and can, for example, be applied when nano-dispersions are used as pre-clinical formulations.
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Marasini N, Yan YD, Poudel BK, Choi H, Yong CS, Kim JO. Development and Optimization of Self‐Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery System with Enhanced Bioavailability by Box–Behnken Design and Desirability Function. J Pharm Sci 2012; 101:4584-96. [DOI: 10.1002/jps.23333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Singh B, Bhatowa R, Tripathi CB, Kapil R. Developing micro-/nanoparticulate drug delivery systems using "design of experiments". Int J Pharm Investig 2012; 1:75-87. [PMID: 23071925 PMCID: PMC3465123 DOI: 10.4103/2230-973x.82395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2010] [Revised: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Of late, micro and nanoparticluate drug delivery systems have been gaining immense importance primarily attributed to their improved drug release controlling and targeting efficiencies. Also, the small particle size and desirable surface charge associated with these delivery systems render them suitable for specific applications like lymphatic uptake, pulmonary uptake, tumor targeting, brain targeting, etc. For decades, micro and nanoparticulate systems have been prepared by the conventional "trial and error" approach of changing One Variable at a Time (OVAT). Using this methodology, the solution of a specific problematic formulation characteristic can certainly be achieved, but attainment of the true optimal composition is never guaranteed. Thus, the present manuscript provides an updated account of the systematic approach "Design of Experiments (DoE)" as applicable to formulation development of microparticles and nanostructured systems. Besides providing a bird's eye view of the various experimental designs and optimization techniques employed for DoE optimization of such systems, the present manuscript also presents a copilation of the major micro/nano-structuctred systems optimized through DoE till date. In a nutshell, the article will act both as a ready reckoner of DoE optimization of micro/nano drug delivery systems and a catalyst in providing an impetus to young pharmaceutical "nano & micro" researchers to venture into the rewarding field of systematic DoE optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhupinder Singh
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
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Tang J, Xu N, Ji H, Liu H, Wang Z, Wu L. Eudragit nanoparticles containing genistein: formulation, development, and bioavailability assessment. Int J Nanomedicine 2011; 6:2429-35. [PMID: 22072878 PMCID: PMC3205137 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s24185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genistein, one of the major isoflavones, has received great attention as a phytoestrogen and potential cancer chemoprevention agent. However, the dissolution and bioavailability of genistein from solid oral preparations is low due to its poor water solubility. METHODS In order to improve the oral bioavailability of genistein, genistein nanoparticles were prepared by the nanoprecipitation technique using Eudragit(®) E100 as carriers and an optimized formulation of mass ratio (genistein:Eudragit E100, 1:10). The mean particle size of genistein nanoparticles was approximately 120 nm when diluted 100 times with distilled water. The drug-loaded nanoparticles were spherical on observation by transmission electric microscopy. RESULTS Encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of the genistein nanoparticles were approximately 50.61% and 5.02%, respectively. Release of drug from the genistein nanoparticles was two times greater than that from the conventional capsules. After administration of genistein suspension or genistein nanoparticles at a single dose of 100 mg/kg to fasted rats, the relative bioavailability of genistein from the nanoparticles compared with the reference suspension was 241.8%. CONCLUSION These results suggested that a nanoparticle system is a potentially promising formulation for the efficient delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs by oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingling Tang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Singh B, Kapil R, Nandi M, Ahuja N. Developing oral drug delivery systems using formulation by design: vital precepts, retrospect and prospects. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2011; 8:1341-60. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2011.605120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Date AA, Desai N, Dixit R, Nagarsenker M. Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems: formulation insights, applications and advances. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2010; 5:1595-616. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.10.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 296] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
There has been a resurgence of interest in nanoemulsions for various pharmaceutical applications since low-energy emulsification methods, such as spontaneous or self-nanoemulsification, have been described. Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) are anhydrous homogenous liquid mixtures consisting of oil, surfactant, drug and coemulsifier or solubilizer, which spontaneously form oil-in-water nanoemulsion of approximately 200 nm or less in size upon dilution with water under gentle stirring. The physicochemical properties, drug solubilization capacity and physiological fate considerably govern the selection of the SNEDDS components. The composition of the SNEDDS can be optimized with the help of phase diagrams, whereas statistical experimental design can be used to further optimize SNEDDS. SNEDDS can improve oral bioavailability of hydrophobic drugs by several mechanisms. The conversion of liquid SNEDDS to solid oral dosage forms or solid SNEDDS has also been achieved by researchers. Solid SNEDDS can offer better patient compliance and minimize problems associated with capsules filled with liquid SNEDDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit A Date
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Neha Desai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Rahul Dixit
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai, India
| | - Mangal Nagarsenker
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Bombay College of Pharmacy, Kalina, Santacruz (East), Mumbai - 400098, India
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