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Alberto M, Paiva-Santos AC, Veiga F, Pires PC. Lipid and Polymeric Nanoparticles: Successful Strategies for Nose-to-Brain Drug Delivery in the Treatment of Depression and Anxiety Disorders. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122742. [PMID: 36559236 PMCID: PMC9783528 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intranasal administration has gained an increasing interest for brain drug delivery since it allows direct transport through neuronal pathways, which can be quite advantageous for central nervous system disorders, such as depression and anxiety. Nanoparticles have been studied as possible alternatives to conventional formulations, with the objective of improving drug bioavailability. The present work aimed to analyze the potential of intranasal nanoparticle administration for the treatment of depression and anxiety, using the analysis of several studies already performed. From the carried-out analysis, it was concluded that the use of nanoparticles allows the drug's protection from enzymatic degradation, and the modulation of its components allows controlled drug release and enhanced drug permeation. Furthermore, the results of in vivo studies further verified these systems' potential, with the drug reaching the brain faster and leading to increased bioavailability and, consequently, therapeutic effect. Hence, in general, the intranasal administration of nanoparticles leads to a faster onset of action, with increased and prolonged brain drug concentrations and, consequently, therapeutic effects, presenting high potential as an alternative to the currently available therapies for the treatment of depression and anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Alberto
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Rede de Química e Tecnologia/Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde (REQUIMTE/LAQV), Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence: (A.C.P.-S.); (P.C.P.)
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Rede de Química e Tecnologia/Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde (REQUIMTE/LAQV), Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrícia C. Pires
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra (FFUC), Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Rede de Química e Tecnologia/Laboratório Associado para a Química Verde (REQUIMTE/LAQV), Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior (CICS-UBI), Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, Portugal
- Correspondence: (A.C.P.-S.); (P.C.P.)
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Athirathinam K, Nandakumar S, Kandasamy R. Biopolymers and Osmolytes - A Focus towards the Prospects of Stability and Adjuvanticity of Vaccines. Macromol Res 2022; 30:599-608. [PMID: 35762006 PMCID: PMC9217723 DOI: 10.1007/s13233-022-0068-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
‘New-Gen Vaccines’ are grabbing the attention of scientists as they are much suitable for an immune-compromised group of individuals as well as infants. The major drawbacks of these vaccines are lower immunogenicity and instability. The need for a convenient and safe adjuvant is still under exploration. On the other hand, thermal instability leads to the inactivation of the vaccine and becomes detrimental in many cases. Thus, there is a need to incorporate new kinds of excipients into vaccine formulation to enhance the potency/immunogenicity of vaccine antigens and also act as stabilizers. A limited or single excipient in providing the required dual-activity is vital to break the stereotypical usage of the well-entrenched adverse ingredients. In the proposed review, the efficiency of naturally occurring biocompatible carbohydrate polymers and osmolytes and their ‘dual-role’ is briefed. In addition, the information on the possible mechanisms of action of carbohydrate polymers in vaccines as adjuvants and stabilizers are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krubha Athirathinam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Centre for Excellence in Nano-Bio Translational Research (CENTRE), Bharathidasan Institute of Technology, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024 India
| | | | - Ruckmani Kandasamy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Centre for Excellence in Nano-Bio Translational Research (CENTRE), Bharathidasan Institute of Technology, Anna University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620024 India
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3
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Najafi A, Ghazvini K, Sankian M, Gholami L, Amini Y, Zare S, Khademi F, Tafaghodi M. T helper type 1 biased immune responses by PPE17 loaded core-shell alginate-chitosan nanoparticles after subcutaneous and intranasal administration. Life Sci 2021; 282:119806. [PMID: 34252419 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Tuberculosis, a cost and life threatening disease, was being subjected for improving vaccine strategies beyond BCG. Thus, a novel particulate delivery system using alginate-coated chitosan nanoparticles including PPE17 protein and CpG were administered through intranasal (IN) and subcutaneous (SC) routes. METHODS The encapsulated nanoparticles were first characterized for size, surface charge, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release of PPE17 antigen. The nanoparticles were then administered intranasal and subcutaneously to evaluate the induction of systemic and/or mucosal immune responses in mice. RESULTS According to our result, the mean size of nanoparticles was measured about 427 nm, and exhibited a negative zeta potential of -37 mV. Following subcutaneous and intranasal administration, the results from cytokines assay showed that an increasing in the level of IFN-γ, and adversely a decrease in the level of IL-4 (presumptive Th1 biased immune response) was happened and also a notable elicitation in IL-17 cytokine was observed. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our study demonstrated that alginate-coated chitosan nanoparticles showed to be an effective way to improve BCG efficiency as booster strategy for subcutaneous vaccine, and also can induce strong immune responses as prime strategy through intranasal vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel Najafi
- Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Fatemieh Hospital, Hamedan University of Medical Science, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Kiarash Ghazvini
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Sankian
- Immunology Research Center, Bu Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Leila Gholami
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yousef Amini
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Science, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Sirwan Zare
- Immunology Research Center, Bu Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzad Khademi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mohsen Tafaghodi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
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Dalirfardouei R, Tafaghodi M, Meshkat Z, Najafi A, Gholoobi A, Nabavinia MS, Sajedifar S, Meshkat M, Badiee A, Ramezani M, Varasteh AR, Naderinasab M. A novel formulation of Mtb72F DNA vaccine for immunization against tuberculosis. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2020; 23:826-832. [PMID: 32695300 PMCID: PMC7351443 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2020.41806.9881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective(s): Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), an intracellular pathogen, causes 1.5 million deaths globally. Bacilli Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is commonly administered to protect people against M. tuberculosis infection; however, there are some obstacles with this first-generation vaccine. DNA vaccines, the third generation vaccines, can induce cellular immune responses for tuberculosis (TB) protection. In this study, optimized DNA vaccine (pcDNA3.1-Mtb72F) entrapped in poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles (NPs) was used to achieve higher immunogenicity. Materials and Methods: Plasmid Mtb72F was formulated in PLGA NPs using double emulsion method in the presence of TB10.4 and/or CpG as an adjuvant. Female BALB/c mice were immunized either with NP-encapsulated Mtb72F or naked Mtb72F with or without each adjuvant, using the BCG-prime DNA boost regimen. Results: These NPs were approximately 250 nm in diameter and the nucleic acid and protein encapsulation efficiency were 80% and 25%, respectively. The NPs smaller than 200 nm are able to promote cellular rather than humoral responses. The immunization with the formulation consisting of Mtb72F DNA vaccine and TB10.4 entrapped in PLGA NPs showed significant immunogenicity and induced predominantly interferon-ɣ (IFN-ɣ) production and higher INF-ɣ/interleukin-4 (IL-4) ratio in the cultured spleen cells supernatant. Conclusion: PLGA NPs loaded with Mtb72F DNA-based vaccine with TB10.4 could be considered as a promising candidate for vaccination against TB. These results represent an excellent initial step toward development of novel vaccine for TB protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razieh Dalirfardouei
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Tafaghodi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Meshkat
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Adel Najafi
- Laboratory Division, Fatemieh Hospital, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Aida Gholoobi
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Sadat Nabavinia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | | | - Ali Badiee
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abdol-Reza Varasteh
- Immunobiochemistry Lab, Allergy Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahboubeh Naderinasab
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Fleck JD, Betti AH, da Silva FP, Troian EA, Olivaro C, Ferreira F, Verza SG. Saponins from Quillaja saponaria and Quillaja brasiliensis: Particular Chemical Characteristics and Biological Activities. Molecules 2019; 24:E171. [PMID: 30621160 PMCID: PMC6337100 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Quillaja saponaria Molina represents the main source of saponins for industrial applications. Q. saponaria triterpenoids have been studied for more than four decades and their relevance is due to their biological activities, especially as a vaccine adjuvant and immunostimulant, which have led to important research in the field of vaccine development. These saponins, alone or incorporated into immunostimulating complexes (ISCOMs), are able to modulate immunity by increasing antigen uptake, stimulating cytotoxic T lymphocyte production (Th1) and cytokines (Th2) in response to different antigens. Furthermore, antiviral, antifungal, antibacterial, antiparasitic, and antitumor activities are also reported as important biological properties of Quillaja triterpenoids. Recently, other saponins from Q. brasiliensis (A. St.-Hill. & Tul.) Mart. were successfully tested and showed similar chemical and biological properties to those of Q. saponaria barks. The aim of this manuscript is to summarize the current advances in phytochemical and pharmacological knowledge of saponins from Quillaja plants, including the particular chemical characteristics of these triterpenoids. The potential applications of Quillaja saponins to stimulate further drug discovery research will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Deise Fleck
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo 93525-075, RS, Brazil.
| | - Andresa Heemann Betti
- Bioanalysis Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo 93525-075, RS, Brazil.
| | - Francini Pereira da Silva
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo 93525-075, RS, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Artur Troian
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo 93525-075, RS, Brazil.
| | - Cristina Olivaro
- Science and Chemical Technology Department, University Center of Tacuarembó, Udelar, Tacuarembó 45000, Uruguay.
| | - Fernando Ferreira
- Organic Chemistry Department, Carbohydrates and Glycoconjugates Laboratory, Udelar, Mondevideo 11600, Uruguay.
| | - Simone Gasparin Verza
- Molecular Microbiology Laboratory, Institute of Health Sciences, Feevale University, Novo Hamburgo 93525-075, RS, Brazil.
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A novel antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and MPLA adjuvant co-entrapped into PLGA:DDA hybrid nanoparticles stimulates mucosal and systemic immunity. Microb Pathog 2018; 125:507-513. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Robust mucosal and systemic responses against HTLV-1 by delivery of multi-epitope vaccine in PLGA nanoparticles. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 133:321-330. [PMID: 30408519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this investigation, the immunogenicity of HTLV-1 fusion epitope-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) was assessed in the absence or presence of co-encapsulated CpG ODN adjuvant, in a mice model. For this purpose, the multi-epitope chimera including Tax, env, and gag immunodominant HTLV-1 epitopes was encapsulated in biodegradable PLGA NPs with or without CpG adjuvant. PLGA nanospheres produced by a double emulsion method had a size of <200 nm, and encapsulation efficiency of chimera antigen was 85%. The release profile of radiolabeled chimera indicated that only 17.4% and 20.1% of chimera were released from PLGA NPs without or with co-encapsulated CPG ODN during one month, respectively. The PLGA formulations significantly elevated titers of IgG1, IgG2a, and sIgA antibodies, as well as IL-10, and IFN-γ cytokines and also reduced the amount of TGF-β1 production relative to the other vaccines. Additionally, co-delivery of chimera and CpG ODN in PLGA NPs significantly promoted cellular and mucosal responses compared to the incorporation of CpG and chimera antigen. In summary, these results revealed that the sustained release of chimera from PLGA as an efficient polymeric system elicited potent cell-mediated and mucosal immunity without inflammatory responses against HTLV-1. Therefore, the proper design of vaccine formulation and immunization strategy are crucial factors to construct an efficient vaccine.
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Amini Y, Amel Jamehdar S, Sadri K, Zare S, Musavi D, Tafaghodi M. Different methods to determine the encapsulation efficiency of protein in PLGA nanoparticles. Biomed Mater Eng 2018; 28:613-620. [PMID: 29171972 DOI: 10.3233/bme-171705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Effective encapsulation of drugs into the delivery systems could increase the efficiency of nanoparticles in prevention and treatment of diseases. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare the different methods for determination of encapsulation efficiency of a model protein in the PLGA nanoparticles. METHODS The various direct methods include dichloromethane, acetonitrile, modified acetonitrile and NaOH based extraction and radioactive methods were used to directly calculate the encapsulation efficiency of the loaded protein in the PLGA nanoparticles. Furthermore, indirect methods include BCA, Fluorescent and radioactive methods were compared. RESULTS The encapsulation efficiencies determined by indirect methods include dichloromethane, acetonitrile, modified acetonitrile, NaOH based extraction and radioactive methods were 12.62% ± 1.97, 17.43% ± 2.51, 64.69% ± 4.31, 86.36% ± 2.25 and 90.15% ± 1.78, respectively. Moreover, the encapsulation efficiencies determined by indirect methods include BCA, fluorescent and radioactive methods were 81.46% ± 1.92, 88.23% ± 1.15 and 89.6% ± 1.9, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Among the results obtained by indirect methods, radioactive and fluorescent methods showed more reliable. Moreover, NaOH and radioactive methods were the most reliable methods among the direct methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousef Amini
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Science, Zahedan, Iran.,Microbiology & Virology Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeid Amel Jamehdar
- Microbiology & Virology Research Center, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Keyvan Sadri
- Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sirwan Zare
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Danial Musavi
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Tafaghodi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Pirouzmand H, Khameneh B, Tafaghodi M. Immunoadjuvant potential of cross-linked dextran microspheres mixed with chitosan nanospheres encapsulated with tetanus toxoid. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:212-217. [PMID: 27927058 PMCID: PMC6130596 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1257032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Nasal mucosa is a desirable route for mucosal vaccine delivery. Mucosal co-administration of chitosan nanoparticles with absorption enhancers such as cross-linked dextran microspheres (CDM, Sephadex®) is a promising antigen delivery system. OBJECTIVE In the current study, the chitosan nanospheres loaded with tetanus toxoid (CHT:TT NPs) was prepared and characterized. The immune responses against tetanus toxoid after nasal administration of CHT:TT NPs alone or mixed with CDM were also determined. MATERIALS AND METHODS Chitosan nanospheres were prepared by ionic gelation method. Particle size, releasing profile and antigen stability were evaluated by dynamic light scattering, diffusion chamber and SDS-PAGE methods, respectively. Rabbits were nasally immunized with different formulations loaded with 40 Lf TT. After three times immunizations with 2 weeks intervals, sera IgG titres and nasal lavage sIgA titres were determined. RESULTS Mean size of CHT NPs and CHT:TT NPs were 205 ± 42 nm and 432 ± 85 nm, respectively. The release profile showed that 42.4 ± 10.5% of TT was released after 30 min and reached to a steady state after 1.5 h. Stability of encapsulated TT in nanospheres was confirmed by SDS-PAGE. The antibody titres showed that CHT:TT NPs-induced antibody titres were higher than TT solution. CHT NPs mixed with CDM induced the systemic IgG and nasal lavage sIgA titres higher than intranasal administration of TT solution (p < 0.001). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION As the results indicated, these CHT:TT NPs when co-administered with CDM were able to induce more immune responses and have the potential to be used in mucosal immunization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haniyeh Pirouzmand
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Bahman Khameneh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Control, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohsen Tafaghodi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Kammona O, Bourganis V, Karamanidou T, Kiparissides C. Recent developments in nanocarrier-aided mucosal vaccination. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2017; 12:1057-1074. [PMID: 28440707 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2017-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
To date, most of the licensed vaccines for mucosal delivery are based on live-attenuated viruses which carry the risk of regaining their pathogenicity. Therefore, the development of efficient nonviral vectors allowing the induction of potent humoral and cell-mediated immunity is regarded as an imperative scientific challenge as well as a commercial breakthrough for the pharma industries. For a successful translation to the clinic, such nanocarriers should protect the antigens from mucosal enzymes, facilitate antigen uptake by microfold cells and allow the copresentation of robust, safe for human use, mucosal adjuvants to antigen-presenting cells. Finally, the developed formulations should exhibit accuracy regarding the administered dose, a major drawback of mucosal vaccines in comparison with parenteral ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Kammona
- Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, PO Box 60361, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vassilis Bourganis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, PO Box 472, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theodora Karamanidou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, PO Box 472, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Costas Kiparissides
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, PO Box 472, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.,Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research & Technology Hellas, PO Box 60361, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
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11
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Amirnasr M, Fallah Tafti T, Sankian M, Rezaei A, Tafaghodi M. Immunization against HTLV-I with chitosan and tri-methylchitosan nanoparticles loaded with recombinant env23 and env13 antigens of envelope protein gp46. Microb Pathog 2016; 97:38-44. [PMID: 27235335 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
To prevent the spread of HTLV-I (Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1), a safe and effective vaccine is required. To increase immune responses against the peptide antigens can be potentiated with polymer-based nanoparticles, like chitosan (CHT) and trimethylchitosan (TMC), as delivery system/adjuvant. CHT and TMC nanoparticles loaded with recombinant proteins (env23 & env13) of gp46 were prepared by direct coating of antigens with positively charged polymers. The size of CHT and TMC nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with each antigen was about 400 nm. The physical stability of NPs was followed for 4 weeks. Both formulations showed to be stable for about 15 days. The immunogenicity of NPs loaded with antigens was studied after nasal and subcutaneous immunization in mice. Three immunizations (7.5 μg antigen) were performed with 2 weeks intervals. Two weeks after the last booster dose, sera IgG subtypes were measured. After subcutaneous administration, for both nanoparticulate antigens, serum IgG1 and IgGtotal levels were higher than antigen solution (P < 0.001). After nasal administration, for env23, IgG2a levels and IgG2a/IgG1 ratio was significantly higher than groups with subcutaneous administration (P < 0.001). Both nanoparticles showed good immunoadjuvant potential. Env23 antigen was a better candidate for vaccination against HTLV-I, as it induced higher cellular immune responses, compared with env13.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Amirnasr
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Tannan Fallah Tafti
- Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Sankian
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Abdorrahim Rezaei
- Immunology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Tafaghodi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Pavot V, Berthet M, Rességuier J, Legaz S, Handké N, Gilbert SC, Paul S, Verrier B. Poly(lactic acid) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) particles as versatile carrier platforms for vaccine delivery. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2015; 9:2703-18. [PMID: 25529572 DOI: 10.2217/nnm.14.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of safe and effective vaccines for cancer and infectious diseases remains a major goal in public health. Over the last two decades, controlled release of vaccine antigens and immunostimulant molecules has been achieved using nanometer or micron-sized delivery vehicles synthesized using biodegradable polymers. In addition to achieving a depot effect, enhanced vaccine efficacy using such delivery vehicles has been attributed to efficient targeting of antigen presenting cells such as dendritic cells. Biodegradable and biocompatible poly(lactic acid) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) polymers belong to one such family of polymers that have been a popular choice of material used in the design of these delivery vehicles. This review summarizes research findings from ourselves and others highlighting the promise of poly(lactic acid)- and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-based vaccine carriers in enhancing immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Pavot
- The Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Dehghan S, Tafaghodi M, Bolourieh T, Mazaheri V, Torabi A, Abnous K, Tavassoti Kheiri M. Rabbit nasal immunization against influenza by dry-powder form of chitosan nanospheres encapsulated with influenza whole virus and adjuvants. Int J Pharm 2014; 475:1-8. [PMID: 25148732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2014.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Influenza virus is one of the main causes of respiratory diseases in human. Although different vaccines have been produced during past decades, there is still a huge demand for a safe influenza vaccine with the ability to induce mucosal immune responses and sufficient protection, especially in elderly patients. In this study, chitosan nanospheres were employed as the drug delivery system. Influenza virus, CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG ODN) and Quillaja saponins (QS) were incorporated in this nanospheric system. Three doses of dry powder nanosphere vaccine were nasally administered to rabbits on days 0, 45 and 60, followed by a final booster injection on day 75. Both humoral and cellular immune responses were investigated. Hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titer was elevated in all groups compared to the control group at the end of vaccination in rabbits receiving nanospheres loaded with virus and CpG, CH(WV+CpG) (P<0.001). Rabbit serum IgG raised significantly in all the vaccinated groups, with the highest responses in CH(WV+CpG) group. CH(WV+CpG) and CH(WV) induced significant sIgA titers (P<0.001). CpG adjuvant also showed a prominent role in the stimulation and secretion of of IL-2 and IFN-γ cytokines (3 and 3.5 fold increase, respectively). Finally, as CH(WV+CpG) depicted to be effective in induction of humoral and cellular immune responses after nasal administration, this nanoparticulate adjuvant could be identified as an efficient adjuvant/delivery system for mucosal immunization against influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solmaz Dehghan
- Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Influenza Research Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Street, Jomhoori Avenue, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran
| | - Mohsen Tafaghodi
- Nanotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tina Bolourieh
- Influenza Research Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Street, Jomhoori Avenue, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran
| | - Vahideh Mazaheri
- Influenza Research Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Street, Jomhoori Avenue, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran
| | - Ali Torabi
- Influenza Research Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Street, Jomhoori Avenue, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Tavassoti Kheiri
- Influenza Research Lab, Pasteur Institute of Iran, No. 358, 12th Farvardin Street, Jomhoori Avenue, Tehran 13169-43551, Iran.
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14
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Xiao X, Zeng X, Zhang X, Ma L, Liu X, Yu H, Mei L, Liu Z. Effects of Caryota mitis profilin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles in a murine model of allergic asthma. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:4553-62. [PMID: 24376349 PMCID: PMC3843607 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s51633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pollen allergy is the most common allergic disease. However, tropical pollens, such as those of Palmae, have seldom been investigated compared with the specific immunotherapy studies done on hyperallergenic birch, olive, and ragweed pollens. Although poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) has been extensively applied as a biodegradable polymer in medical devices, it has rarely been utilized as a vaccine adjuvant to prevent and treat allergic disease. In this study, we investigated the immunotherapeutic effects of recombinant Caryota mitis profilin (rCmP)-loaded PLGA nanoparticles and the underlying mechanisms involved. Methods A mouse model of allergenic asthma was established for specific immunotherapy using rCmP-loaded PLGA nanoparticles as the adjuvant. The model was evaluated by determining airway hyperresponsiveness and levels of serum-specific antibodies (IgE, IgG, and IgG2a) and cytokines, and observing histologic sections of lung tissue. Results The rCmP-loaded PLGA nanoparticles effectively inhibited generation of specific IgE and secretion of the Th2 cytokine interleukin-4, facilitated generation of specific IgG2a and secretion of the Th1 cytokine interferon-gamma, converted the Th2 response to Th1, and evidently alleviated allergic symptoms. Conclusion PLGA functions more appropriately as a specific immunotherapy adjuvant for allergen vaccines than does conventional Al(OH)3 due to its superior efficacy, longer potency, and markedly fewer side effects. The rCmP-loaded PLGA nanoparticles developed herein offer a promising avenue for specific immunotherapy in allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojun Xiao
- Institute of allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Zeng
- Division of life and Health Sciences, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Ma
- Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Institute of allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiqiong Yu
- Institute of allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Mei
- Division of life and Health Sciences, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Institute of allergy and Immunology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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15
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Leleux J, Roy K. Micro and nanoparticle-based delivery systems for vaccine immunotherapy: an immunological and materials perspective. Adv Healthc Mater 2013; 2:72-94. [PMID: 23225517 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201200268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2012] [Revised: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The development and widespread application of vaccines has been one of the most significant achievements of modern medicine. Vaccines have not only been instrumental in controlling and even eliminating life-threatening diseases like polio, measles, diphtheria, etc., but have also been immensely powerful in enhancing the worldwide outlook of public health over the past century. Despite these successes, there are still many complex disorders (e.g., cancer, HIV, and other emerging infectious diseases) for which effective preventative or therapeutic vaccines have been difficult to develop. This failure can be attributed primarily to our inability to precisely control and modulate the highly complex immune memory response, specifically the cellular response. Dominated by B and T cell maturation and function, the cellular response is primarily initiated by potent immunostimulators and antigens. Efficient and targeted delivery of these immunomodulatory and immunostimulatory molecules to appropriate cells is key to successful development of next generation vaccine formulations. Over the past decade, particulate carriers have emerged as an attractive means for enhancing the delivery efficacy and potency of vaccines and associated immunomodulatory molecules. Specifically, polymer-based micro and nanoparticles are being extensively studied for a wide variety of applications. In this review, we discuss the immunological fundamentals for developing effective vaccines and how materials and material properties can be exploited to improve these therapies. Particular emphasis is given to polymer-based particles and how the route of administration of particulate systems affects the phenotype and robustness of an immune response. Comparison of various strategies and recent advancements in the field are discussed along with insights into current limitations and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jardin Leleux
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA
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Hu L, Zhang H, Song W. An overview of preparation and evaluation sustained-release injectable microspheres. J Microencapsul 2012; 30:369-82. [DOI: 10.3109/02652048.2012.742158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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