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Tiwari P, Yadav A, Kaushik M, Dada R. Cancer risk and male Infertility: Unravelling predictive biomarkers and prognostic indicators. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 558:119670. [PMID: 38614420 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2024.119670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a global increase in cases of male infertility. There are about 30 million cases of male infertility worldwide and male reproductive health is showing rapid decline in last few decades. It is now recognized as a potential risk factor for developing certain types of cancer, particularly genitourinary malignancies like testicular and prostate cancer. Male infertility is considered a potential indicator of overall health and an early biomarker for cancer. Cases of unexplained male factor infertility have high levels of oxidative stress and oxidative DNA damage and this induces both denovo germ line mutations and epimutations due to build up of 8-hydroxy 2 deoxygunaosine abase which is highly mutagenic and also induces hypomethylation and genomic instability. Consequently, there is growing evidence to explore the various factors contributing to an increased cancer risk. Currently, the available prognostic and predictive biomarkers associated with semen characteristics and cancer risk are limited but gaining significant attention in clinical research for the diagnosis and treatment of elevated cancer risk in the individual and in offspring. The male germ cell being transcriptionally and translationally inert has a highly truncated repair mechanism and has minimal antioxidants and thus most vulnerable to oxidative injury due to environmental factors and unhealthy lifestyle and social habits. Therefore, advancing our understanding requires a thorough evaluation of the pathophysiologic mechanisms at the DNA, RNA, protein, and metabolite levels to identify key biomarkers that may underlie the pathogenesis of male infertility and associated cancer. Advanced methodologies such as genomics, epigenetics, proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics stand at the forefront of cutting-edge approaches for discovering novel biomarkers, spanning from infertility to associated cancer types. Henceforth, in this review, we aim to assess the role and potential of recently identified predictive and prognostic biomarkers, offering insights into the success of assisted reproductive technologies, causes of azoospermia and idiopathic infertility, the impact of integrated holistic approach and lifestyle modifications, and the monitoring of cancer susceptibility, initiation and progression. Comprehending these biomarkers is crucial for providing comprehensive counselling to infertile men and cancer patients, along with their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhakar Tiwari
- Lab for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Anjali Yadav
- Lab for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Meenakshi Kaushik
- Lab for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Rima Dada
- Lab for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, Department of Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India.
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Chai S, Tian R, Bi J, Xu S, Yang G, Ren W. Rapid evolution and molecular convergence in cryptorchidism-related genes associated with inherently undescended testes in mammals. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:22. [PMID: 33568072 PMCID: PMC7877101 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mammalian testis is an important male exocrine gland and spermatozoa-producing organ that usually lies in extra-abdominal scrotums to provide a cooler environment for spermatogenesis and sperm storage. Testicles sometimes fail to descend, leading to cryptorchidism. However, certain groups of mammals possess inherently ascrotal testes (i.e. testes that do not descend completely or at all) that have the same physiological functions as completely descended scrotal testes. Although several anatomical and hormonal factors involved in testicular descent have been studied, there is still a paucity of comprehensive research on the genetic mechanisms underlying the evolution of testicular descent in mammals and how mammals with ascrotal testes maintain their reproductive health. RESULTS We performed integrative phenotypic and comparative genomic analyses of 380 cryptorchidism-related genes and found that the mammalian ascrotal testes trait is derived from an ancestral scrotal state. Rapidly evolving genes in ascrotal mammals were enriched in the Hedgehog pathway-which regulates Leydig cell differentiation and testosterone secretion-and muscle development. Moreover, some cryptorchidism-related genes in ascrotal mammals had undergone positive selection and contained specific mutations and indels. Genes harboring convergent/parallel amino acid substitutions between ascrotal mammals were enriched in GTPase functions. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the scrotal testis is an ancestral state in mammals, and the ascrotal phenotype was derived multiple times in independent lineages. In addition, the adaptive evolution of genes involved in testicular descent and the development of the gubernaculum contributed to the evolution of ascrotal testes. Accurate DNA replication, the proper segregation of genetic material, and appropriate autophagy are the potential mechanisms for maintaining physiological normality during spermatogenesis in ascrotal mammals. Furthermore, the molecular convergence of GTPases is probably a mechanism in the ascrotal testes of different mammals. This study provides novel insights into the evolution of the testis and scrotum in mammals and contributes to a better understanding of the pathogenesis of cryptorchidism in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Chai
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ran Tian
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juanjuan Bi
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shixia Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guang Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wenhua Ren
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, China.
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Heidary Z, Zaki-Dizaji M, Saliminejad K, Edalatkhah H, Khorram Khorshid HR. MiR-4485-3p expression reduced in spermatozoa of men with idiopathic asthenozoospermia. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13539. [PMID: 32030798 DOI: 10.1111/and.13539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthenozoospermia (AZS), which characterised by reduced forward sperm motility, is a common cause of male infertility. Recently, mitochondrial dysfunction reported in AZS men came to attention for finding the molecular aetiology of AZS. Mitochondria-related microRNAs (miRNAs) are the most important regulators of mitochondrial function through post-transcriptionally modulation of gene expression. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the expression of four recently reported mitochondrial-related miRNAs (miR-4485-3p/4484/4461 and 4463) in the sperm sample of asthenozoospermic men. RNA was extracted from spermatozoa of 74 volunteers (39 patients with idiopathic AZS and 35 controls with normal fertility), and relative gene expression analysis was performed by quantitative PCR. We used SNORD48 as a normaliser gene, and quantification was calculated by 2-ΔΔCt method. The expression of miR-4484 and miR-4461 was not detected in the spermatozoa of cases and controls. However, miR-4485-3p (p = .006) was significantly downregulated in the AZS men compared with the controls, but the miR-4463 expression was not significantly different between the two groups (p = .5). Bioinformatic analysis identified three target genes for miR-4485-3p (DNAH1, KIT and PARK7) that are related to male infertility. In conclusion, the downregulation of miR-4485-3p was associated with idiopathic AZS, which could be a molecular link between mitochondrial dysfunction and AZS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Heidary
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Zaki-Dizaji
- Legal Medicine Research Center, Legal Medicine Organization, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kioomars Saliminejad
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Haleh Edalatkhah
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Reza Khorram Khorshid
- Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.,Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Nagirnaja L, Aston KI, Conrad DF. Genetic intersection of male infertility and cancer. Fertil Steril 2018; 109:20-26. [PMID: 29307395 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent epidemiological studies have identified an association between male factor infertility and increased cancer risk, however, the underlying etiology for the shared risk has not been investigated. It is likely that much of the association between the two disease states can be attributed to underlying genetic lesions. In this article we review the reported associations between cancer and spermatogenic defects, and through database searches we identify candidate genes and gene classes that could explain some of the observed shared genetic risk. We discuss the importance of fully characterizing the genetic basis for the relationship between cancer and male factor infertility and propose future studies to that end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liina Nagirnaja
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Kenneth I Aston
- Department of Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Donald F Conrad
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.
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Clinical correlation of molecular (VEGF, FGF, PDGF, c-Myc, c-Kit, Ras, p53) expression in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018; 275:2719-2726. [DOI: 10.1007/s00405-018-5110-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Zhang W, Zhao Y, Zhang P, Hao Y, Yu S, Min L, Li L, Ma D, Chen L, Yi B, Tang X, Meng Q, Liu L, Wang S, Shen W, Zhang H. Decrease in male mouse fertility by hydrogen sulfide and/or ammonia can Be inheritable. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 194:147-157. [PMID: 29202267 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Numerous epidemiological studies suggest that air pollutants cause a decline in the quality of human spermatozoa and thus a reduction in fertility. However, the exact cause of infertility remains unknown. Air pollution gases, such as NH3 and H2S are either free or bound to airborne particular materials (PM) and are abundant and reactive. The aim of this current investigation was to explore the impacts of NH3 and/or H2S on male fertility and the underlying mechanisms. Male mouse exposed to H2S and/or NH3 and after two generations were used to evaluate the impacts on fertility. The fertility, and spermatozoa quality parameters and proteins involved in spermatogenesis were investigated. Our current investigation demonstrates: i) H2S and/or NH3 decrease male fertility by 20-30%, reduce the spermatozoa concentration about 20-40%, decrease 10-20%, increase around 30%; ii) the reduction in male fertility by H2S and/or NH3 can be inheritable; iii) H2S and/or NH3 can diminish male fertility through the disruption of spermatogenesis without affecting other body parameters such as body weight and organ index. One component of air pollutants, for example NH3, does not have a severe impact; however, two or more pollutants such as H2S and NH3 combined can cause serious health problems, especially with regard to male fertility. We suggest that greater attention should be paid to these air pollutants to improve human health and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Yong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Yanan Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Shuai Yu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Lingjiang Min
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Lan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Dongxue Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Bao Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Xiangfang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Qingshi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Shukun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Wei Shen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, PR China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China.
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Grasso C, Zugna D, Fiano V, Robles Rodriguez N, Maule M, Gillio-Tos A, Ciuffreda L, Lista P, Segnan N, Merletti F, Richiardi L. Subfertility and Risk of Testicular Cancer in the EPSAM Case-Control Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0169174. [PMID: 28036409 PMCID: PMC5201268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/objectives It has been suggested that subfertility and testicular cancer share genetic and environmental risk factors. We studied both subfertility and the strongest known testicular cancer susceptibility gene, the c-KIT ligand (KITLG), whose pathway is involved in spermatogenesis. Methods The EPSAM case-control study is comprised of testicular cancer patients from the Province of Turin, Italy, diagnosed between 1997 and 2008. The present analysis included 245 cases and 436 controls from EPSAM, who were aged 20 years or older at diagnosis/recruitment. The EPSAM questionnaire collected information on factors such as number of children, age at first attempt to conceive, duration of attempt to conceive, use of assisted reproduction techniques, physician-assigned diagnosis of infertility, number of siblings, and self-reported cryptorchidism. Genotyping of the KITLG single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs995030 was performed on the saliva samples of 202 cases and 329 controls. Results Testicular cancer was associated with the number of children fathered 5 years before diagnosis (odds ratio (OR) per additional child: 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.58–1.04) and sibship size (OR per additional sibling: 0.76, 95% CI: 0.66–0.88). When considering the reproductive history until 1 year before diagnosis, attempting to conceive for at least 12 months or fathering a child using assisted reproduction techniques was not associated with the risk of testicular cancer, nor was age at first attempt to conceive or physician-assigned diagnosis of infertility. The SNP rs995030 was strongly associated with risk of testicular cancer (per allele OR: 1.83; 95%CI: 1.26–2.64), but it did not modify the association between number of children and the risk of testicular cancer. Conclusion This study supports the repeatedly reported inverse association between number of children and risk of testicular cancer, but it does not find evidence of an association for other indicators of subfertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Grasso
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit-CeRMS, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piedmont, Turin, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Daniela Zugna
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit-CeRMS, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piedmont, Turin, Italy
| | - Valentina Fiano
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit-CeRMS, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piedmont, Turin, Italy
| | - Nena Robles Rodriguez
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit-CeRMS, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piedmont, Turin, Italy
| | - Milena Maule
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit-CeRMS, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piedmont, Turin, Italy
| | - Anna Gillio-Tos
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit-CeRMS, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piedmont, Turin, Italy
| | - Libero Ciuffreda
- Medical Oncology Division 1, University Hospital “Città della Salute e della Scienza”, Turin, Italy
| | - Patrizia Lista
- Medical Oncology Division 1, University Hospital “Città della Salute e della Scienza”, Turin, Italy
| | - Nereo Segnan
- Department of Cancer Screening and Unit of Cancer Epidemiology, WHO Collaborative Center for Cancer Early Diagnosis and Screening, CPO Piedmont and University Hospital “Città della Salute e della Scienza”, Turin, Italy
| | - Franco Merletti
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit-CeRMS, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piedmont, Turin, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Richiardi
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit-CeRMS, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin and CPO Piedmont, Turin, Italy
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Pathak A, Adams CD, Loud JT, Nichols K, Stewart DR, Greene MH. Prospectively Identified Incident Testicular Cancer Risk in a Familial Testicular Cancer Cohort. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2015; 24:1614-21. [PMID: 26265202 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-14-1240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT) have a strong genetic component and a high familial relative risk. However, linkage analyses have not identified a rare, highly penetrant familial TGCT (FTGCT) susceptibility locus. Currently, multiple low-penetrance genes are hypothesized to underlie the familial multiple-case phenotype. The observation that two is the most common number of affected individuals per family presents an impediment to FTGCT gene discovery. Clinically, the prospective TGCT risk in the multiple-case family context is unknown. METHODS We performed a prospective analysis of TGCT incidence in a cohort of multiple-affected-person families and sporadic-bilateral-case families; 1,260 men from 140 families (10,207 person-years of follow-up) met our inclusion criteria. Age-, gender-, and calendar time-specific standardized incidence ratios (SIR) for TGCT relative to the general population were calculated using SEER*Stat. RESULTS Eight incident TGCTs occurred during prospective FTGCT cohort follow-up (versus 0.67 expected; SIR = 11.9; 95% CI, 5.1-23.4; excess absolute risk = 7.2/10,000). We demonstrate that the incidence rate of TGCT is greater among bloodline male relatives from multiple-case testicular cancer families than that expected in the general population, a pattern characteristic of adult-onset Mendelian cancer susceptibility disorders. Two of these incident TGCTs occurred in relatives of sporadic-bilateral cases (0.15 expected; SIR = 13.4; 95% CI, 1.6-48.6). CONCLUSIONS Our data are the first to indicate that despite relatively low numbers of affected individuals per family, members of both multiple-affected-person FTGCT families and sporadic-bilateral TGCT families comprise high-risk groups for incident testicular cancer. IMPACT Men at high TGCT risk might benefit from tailored risk stratification and surveillance strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anand Pathak
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Charleen D Adams
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jennifer T Loud
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Douglas R Stewart
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mark H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland.
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Arock M, Sotlar K, Akin C, Broesby-Olsen S, Hoermann G, Escribano L, Kristensen TK, Kluin-Nelemans HC, Hermine O, Dubreuil P, Sperr WR, Hartmann K, Gotlib J, Cross NCP, Haferlach T, Garcia-Montero A, Orfao A, Schwaab J, Triggiani M, Horny HP, Metcalfe DD, Reiter A, Valent P. KIT mutation analysis in mast cell neoplasms: recommendations of the European Competence Network on Mastocytosis. Leukemia 2015; 29:1223-32. [PMID: 25650093 PMCID: PMC4522520 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2014] [Revised: 01/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Although acquired mutations in KIT are commonly detected in various categories of mastocytosis, the methodologies applied to detect and quantify the mutant type and allele burden in various cells and tissues are poorly defined. We here propose a consensus on methodologies used to detect KIT mutations in patients with mastocytosis at diagnosis and during follow-up with sufficient precision and sensitivity in daily practice. In addition, we provide recommendations for sampling and storage of diagnostic material as well as a robust diagnostic algorithm. Using highly sensitive assays, KIT D816V can be detected in peripheral blood leukocytes from most patients with systemic mastocytosis (SM) that is a major step forward in screening and SM diagnosis. In addition, the KIT D816V allele burden can be followed quantitatively during the natural course or during therapy. Our recommendations should greatly facilitate diagnostic and follow-up investigations in SM in daily practice as well as in clinical trials. In addition, the new tools and algorithms proposed should lead to a more effective screen, early diagnosis of SM and help to avoid unnecessary referrals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel Arock
- Molecular Oncology and Pharmacology, LBPA CNRS UMR8113, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan, Cachan, France
- Laboratory of Hematology, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - Karl Sotlar
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Cem Akin
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Sigurd Broesby-Olsen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Centre, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Gregor Hoermann
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Luis Escribano
- Servicio Central de Citometria, Centro de Investigacion del Cancer (IBMCC, CSIC/USAL), IBSAL and Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Hanneke C. Kluin-Nelemans
- Department of Hematology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Olivier Hermine
- Clinical Hematology Department, Faculty of Medicine and AP-HP Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Patrice Dubreuil
- Signaling, Hematopoiesis and Mechanism of Oncogenesis, Inserm U1068, CRCM, Marseille, France
- Institut Paoli-Calmettes, Marseille, France
- Aix-Marseille University, UM 105, Marseille, France
- CNRS, UMR7258, CRCM, Marseille; France
| | - Wolfgang R. Sperr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karin Hartmann
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jason Gotlib
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, USA
| | - Nicholas CP Cross
- Wessex Regional Genetics Laboratory, Salisbury, and Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, England
| | | | - Andres Garcia-Montero
- Servicio Central de Citometria, Centro de Investigacion del Cancer (IBMCC, CSIC/USAL), IBSAL and Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Alberto Orfao
- Servicio Central de Citometria, Centro de Investigacion del Cancer (IBMCC, CSIC/USAL), IBSAL and Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Juliana Schwaab
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Hematology and Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Massimo Triggiani
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Hans-Peter Horny
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Reiter
- III. Medizinische Klinik, Hematology and Oncology, Universitätsmedizin Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Greene MH, Mai PL, Loud JT, Pathak A, Peters JA, Mirabello L, McMaster ML, Rosenberg P, Stewart DR. Familial testicular germ cell tumors (FTGCT) - overview of a multidisciplinary etiologic study. Andrology 2014; 3:47-58. [PMID: 25303766 DOI: 10.1111/andr.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This Review summarizes the cumulative results of the National Cancer Institute Clinical Genetics Branch Multidisciplinary Etiologic Study of Familial Testicular Germ Cell Tumors (FTGCT). Initiated 12 years ago, this protocol enrolled 724 subjects from 147 unrelated families with either ≥2 affected men (n = 90) with TGCT or a proband with bilateral TGCT and a negative family history for this cancer (n = 57). Data were collected directly from 162 subjects evaluated at the NIH Clinical Center, and 562 subjects provided information from their home communities (Field Cohort). The primary study aims included (i) ascertaining, enrolling eligible FTGCT kindred, (ii) characterizing the clinical phenotype of multiple-case families, (iii) identifying the underlying genetic mechanism for TGCT susceptibility in families, (iv) evaluating counseling, psychosocial, and behavioral issues resulting from membership in an FTGCT family, and (v) creating an annotated biospecimen repository to permit subsequent translational research studies. Noteworthy findings include (i) documenting the epidemiologic similarities between familial and sporadic TGCT, (ii) demonstrating significantly younger age-at-diagnosis for familial vs. sporadic TGCT, (iii) absence of a dysmorphic phenotype in affected family members, (iv) shifting the focus of gene discovery from a search for rare, highly penetrant susceptibility variants to the hypothesis that multiple, more common, lower penetrance genes underlie TGCT genetic risk, (v) implicating testicular microlithiasis in FTGCT risk, and (vi) observing that aberrant methylation may contribute to FTGCT risk. A clinically based, biospecimen-intensive, multidisciplinary research strategy has provided novel, valuable insights into the etiology of FTGCT, and created a research resource which will support FTGCT clinical and laboratory studies for years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- M H Greene
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
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Chuang LY, Lane HY, Lin YD, Lin MT, Yang CH, Chang HW. Identification of SNP barcode biomarkers for genes associated with facial emotion perception using particle swarm optimization algorithm. Ann Gen Psychiatry 2014; 13:15. [PMID: 24955105 PMCID: PMC4050220 DOI: 10.1186/1744-859x-13-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Facial emotion perception (FEP) can affect social function. We previously reported that parts of five tested single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the MET and AKT1 genes may individually affect FEP performance. However, the effects of SNP-SNP interactions on FEP performance remain unclear. METHODS This study compared patients with high and low FEP performances (n = 89 and 93, respectively). A particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was used to identify the best SNP barcodes (i.e., the SNP combinations and genotypes that revealed the largest differences between the high and low FEP groups). RESULTS The analyses of individual SNPs showed no significant differences between the high and low FEP groups. However, comparisons of multiple SNP-SNP interactions involving different combinations of two to five SNPs showed that the best PSO-generated SNP barcodes were significantly associated with high FEP score. The analyses of the joint effects of the best SNP barcodes for two to five interacting SNPs also showed that the best SNP barcodes had significantly higher odds ratios (2.119 to 3.138; P < 0.05) compared to other SNP barcodes. In conclusion, the proposed PSO algorithm effectively identifies the best SNP barcodes that have the strongest associations with FEP performance. CONCLUSIONS This study also proposes a computational methodology for analyzing complex SNP-SNP interactions in social cognition domains such as recognition of facial emotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Yeh Chuang
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Yuan Lane
- Institute of Clinical Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan ; Department of Psychiatry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Da Lin
- Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Teng Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Institute of Biotechnology and Chemical Engineering, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung 84001, Taiwan ; Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Hsinchu Branch, Hsinchu 31064, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hong Yang
- Department of Electronic Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciences, Kaohsiung 80778, Taiwan
| | - Hsueh-Wei Chang
- Cancer Center, Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan ; Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan ; Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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