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Zhang L, Xu X, Zhang X, Jiang S, Hui P. Systemic immune-inflammation index is associated with ulcerative plaque in patients with acute ischemic stroke: A single center exploratory study. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ULTRASOUND : JCU 2024; 52:295-304. [PMID: 38143429 DOI: 10.1002/jcu.23632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study explored the correlation between inflammatory markers and ulcerative plaques based on carotid doppler ultrasound (CDU) in individuals with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). METHODS A total of 202 cases diagnosed with AIS associated with atherosclerotic plaque (AP) in the carotid artery were enrolled in this research. Collecting clinical baseline data, laboratory data (such as the complete blood count) and imaging data (CDU and Brain magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]). Then the correlation between Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII, SII = P N/L, where P, N, and L were the peripheral blood platelet, neutrophil and lymphocyte counts, respectively), the shape and position of AP, the degree of carotid artery stenosis, and the presence of ulcerative plaques. Cutoff values were determined accordingly. RESULTS SII and high sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) were independent risk factors for the presence of vulnerable carotid plaques. SII, type A plaque, plaque above carotid bifurcation, and severe carotid stenosis were independent risk factors for the presence of ulcerative plaque. The AUC value, the sensitivity, specificity, the best cutoff value of SII in predicting the presence of ulcerative plaque was 0.895, 93.3%, 89.2%, and 537.4 (109 /L), respectively. CONCLUSION SII at admission was found to be independently associated with the presence of AIS with vulnerable plaque, especially ulcerative plaques. Moreover, plaque ulceration was more likely to form when the area of higher plaque thickness was located in the upstream arterial wall of maximum plaque thickness (WTmax), plaque was above the carotid bifurcation and severe carotid stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianlian Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinchun Xu
- Department of Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyuan Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu Jiang
- Department of Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Magnetic Resonance, The Yancheng Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pinjing Hui
- Department of Stroke Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, China
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Huang J, Chen C, Liang H, Dong W, Li L, Ma H. Development of a fluorescence immunochromatography method for quantitative measurement of matrix metalloproteinase-9. Pract Lab Med 2024; 38:e00356. [PMID: 38292924 PMCID: PMC10825512 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2024.e00356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Abnormal serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) levels are closely related to the occurrence and development of many diseases. This study aimed to establish a fluorescence immunochromatography (FIC) method using the lanthanide fluorescent element europium(III) (Eu3+) for the quantitative measurement of MMP-9 in serum. Design & Methods The FIC method for quantifying MMP-9 was optimized and established, and the FIC test strips (FICTS) were assembled and subsequently evaluated for sensitivity, specificity and precision. Furthermore, the reference interval and clinical sensitivity/specificity were estimated using clinical healthy/positive serum samples, and a commercial ELISA was used for comparison. Results We successfully established an FIC method and prepared FICTS. The analytical sensitivity of the FICTS was 0.92 ng/mL, with a linearity range of 0-1000 ng/mL. The cross-reactivity of the 7 common serum interferents was less than 1.56%. All recoveries of the intra-array and inter-array samples ranged from 102.50% to 110.99%, and all CVs were less than 5%. The reference interval of the FICTS was >161.15 ng/mL. The clinical sensitivity was 96.00%, and the specificity was 97.5%. The results of 270 clinical serum samples were highly coincident with the clinical diagnostic results. Pearson correlation analysis and Bland‒Altman plots indicated that the FICTS and commercial ELISA results were consistent with the quantitative MMP-9 concentration. Conclusions The designed FIC method and test strips may be suitable for point-of-care quantitative measurement of MMP-9, which provides a new method for screening for atherosclerosis, xerophthalmia, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyan Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, 132011, China
| | - Cuicui Chen
- Guangzhou Youdi Bio-technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510663, China
- Jinan Laide Bio-technology Co., Ltd., Jinan, 271100, China
| | - Huankun Liang
- Guangzhou Youdi Bio-technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510663, China
| | - Wenqi Dong
- Guangzhou Zhenda Biopharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510663, China
| | - Laiqing Li
- Guangzhou Youdi Bio-technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510663, China
- Jinan Laide Bio-technology Co., Ltd., Jinan, 271100, China
| | - Hongyan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin, 132011, China
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Guo S, Mao X, Liu J. Multi-faceted roles of C1q/TNF-related proteins family in atherosclerosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1253433. [PMID: 37901246 PMCID: PMC10611500 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1253433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose of review C1q/TNF-related proteins (CTRPs) are involved in the modulation of the development and prognosis of atherosclerosis (AS). Here, we summarizes the pathophysiological roles of individual members of the CTRP superfamily in the development of AS. Currently, there is no specific efficacious treatment for AS-related diseases, therefore it is urgent to develop novel therapeutic strategies aiming to target key molecules involved in AS. Recent findings Recently, mounting studies verified the critical roles of the CTRP family, including CTRP1-7, CTRP9 and CTRP11-15, in the development and progression of AS by influencing inflammatory response, modulating glucose and lipid metabolism, regulating endothelial functions and the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Conclusions CTRP family regulate different pathophysiology stages of AS. CTRP3, CTRP9, CTRP12, CTRP13 and CTRP15 play a clear protective role in AS, while CTRP5 and CTRP7 play a pro-atherosclerotic role in AS. The remarkable progress in our understanding of CTRPs' role in AS will provide an attractive therapeutic target for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuren Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaohuan Mao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang, China
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Kadoglou N, Moulakakis KG, Mantas G, Spathis A, Gkougkoudi E, Mylonas SN, Kakisis J, Liapis C. Novel Biomarkers and Imaging Indices for the "Vulnerable Patient" with Carotid Stenosis: A Single-Center Study. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1427. [PMID: 37759829 PMCID: PMC10526466 DOI: 10.3390/biom13091427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated the relationship of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), and Gray-Scale Median (GSM) score with the severity and vulnerability of carotid atherosclerosis and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) during follow-up of carotid artery revascularization. METHODS We enrolled 262 patients undergoing carotid revascularization therapy (GRT), 109 asymptomatic patients with low-grade carotid stenosis (40-70%) receiving conservative treatment (GCT), and 92 age- and sex-matched control subjects without carotid atherosclerosis (GCO). All participants underwent carotid ultrasound and we assessed at baseline clinical parameters, metabolic profile, CAVI, GSM, and circulating levels of hsCRP, MMP-3,-7,-9, and TIMP-1. RESULTS Both GRT and GCT presented with elevated CAVI, MMPs, and TIMP-1 levels compared to GCO (p < 0.001). The escalation highly correlated to the presence of symptoms or paralleled the degree of carotid stenosis (p < 0.001). During follow-up (mean duration: 55 months), 51 GRT patients experienced MACE unrelated to the revascularization procedure. Within GRT, diabetes (HR: 2.07; CI: 1.55-2.78, p < 0.001), smoking (HR: 1.67; CI: 1.35-1.95, p < 0.001), high CAVI (HR: 1.22; CI: 1.09-1.43, p = 0.023) and MMP-9 (HR: 1.44; CI: 1.29-2.15, p = 0.005), and low GSM (HR: 1.40; CI: 1.16-2.12, p = 0.002) independently predicted MACE occurrences, despite the optimum medical therapy. CONCLUSIONS Novel imaging and biochemical biomarkers were positively associated with atherosclerosis severity, while CAVI, MMP-9, and low GSM showed a positive, independent relationship with MACE after carotid revascularization, describing "vulnerable patients".
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Konstantinos G. Moulakakis
- Vascular Surgery Department, Patras University Hospital, University of Patras, Rio, 265 04 Patra, Greece;
| | - George Mantas
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (G.M.); (J.K.); (C.L.)
| | - Aris Spathis
- 2nd Department of Pathology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 115 27 Athens, Greece;
| | | | - Spyridon N. Mylonas
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937 Cologne, Germany;
| | - John Kakisis
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (G.M.); (J.K.); (C.L.)
| | - Christos Liapis
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Attikon University Hospital, 115 27 Athens, Greece; (G.M.); (J.K.); (C.L.)
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Athens Medical Center, 106 73 Athens, Greece
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Giagtzidis I, Karkos C, Kadoglou FNPE, Spathis A, Papazoglou K. Serum levels of Matrix Metalloproteinases (MMPs) in patients undergoing endovascular intervention for peripheral arterial disease. Ann Vasc Surg 2023:S0890-5096(23)00250-9. [PMID: 37169253 DOI: 10.1016/j.avsg.2023.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a significant role in the development and progression of atherosclerotic vascular disease. The purpose of this study was to measure and document the profile of plasma circulating MMPs in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) undergoing endovascular revascularization. METHODS This was a single centre prospective observational study with 80 patients with PAD enrolled. They underwent percutaneous balloon angioplasty and/or angioplasty with stent. Exclusion criteria were acute limb ischemia, active inflammation, wet gangrene, liver disease, end stage renal failure and cancer. Patients that underwent open or hybrid (open and endovascular) approach, were also excluded from the study. Venous blood samples were taken preoperatively, 24 hours and 6 months postoperatively. The values of MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-7, MMP-9 and their inhibitors (Tissue Inhibitor of metalloproteinases, TIMP), TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 were measured. RESULTS The mean age was 67.1 years and 66 of them (82.5%) were male. During the clinical follow up (mean 35.8% months), 12 patients died (16.4%), 15 (20.5%) of them had a major adverse limb event (MALE) and 14 (19.2%) of them had a major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE). There was a statistically significant raise in the values of MMP-2. MMP-3 and MMP-7 at 6 months postoperatively, when compared to the preoperative and 24 hours postoperative values. There was no correlation of MMP and TIMP values with mortality, MALE and MACE events. CONCLUSIONS The present single-centre prospective study documented increased circulating levels of MMPs post-operatively in PAD patients undergoing endovascular treatment. Vascular trauma caused by angioplasty, could trigger expression of MMPs and TIMPs, but the absence of any association with clinical complications requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioakeim Giagtzidis
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokratio General Hospital, 5(th) Surgical Department, Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Christos Karkos
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokratio General Hospital, 5(th) Surgical Department, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Aris Spathis
- Department of Cytopathology, "Attikon" University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Papazoglou
- Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokratio General Hospital, 5(th) Surgical Department, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Matrix Metalloproteinases in Cardioembolic Stroke: From Background to Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043628. [PMID: 36835040 PMCID: PMC9959608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are endopeptidases participating in physiological processes of the brain, maintaining the blood-brain barrier integrity and playing a critical role in cerebral ischemia. In the acute phase of stroke activity, the expression of MMPs increase and is associated with adverse effects, but in the post-stroke phase, MMPs contribute to the process of healing by remodeling tissue lesions. The imbalance between MMPs and their inhibitors results in excessive fibrosis associated with the enhanced risk of atrial fibrillation (AF), which is the main cause of cardioembolic strokes. MMPs activity disturbances were observed in the development of hypertension, diabetes, heart failure and vascular disease enclosed in CHA2DS2VASc score, the scale commonly used to evaluate the risk of thromboembolic complications risk in AF patients. MMPs involved in hemorrhagic complications of stroke and activated by reperfusion therapy may also worsen the stroke outcome. In the present review, we briefly summarize the role of MMPs in the ischemic stroke with particular consideration of the cardioembolic stroke and its complications. Moreover, we discuss the genetic background, regulation pathways, clinical risk factors and impact of MMPs on the clinical outcome.
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Lynn SA, Soubigou F, Dewing JM, Smith A, Ballingall J, Sass T, Nica I, Watkins C, Gupta B, Almuhtaseb H, Lash SC, Yuen HM, Cree A, Newman TA, Lotery AJ, Ratnayaka JA. An Exploratory Study Provides Insights into MMP9 and Aβ Levels in the Vitreous and Blood across Different Ages and in a Subset of AMD Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314603. [PMID: 36498929 PMCID: PMC9736887 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and total amyloid-beta (Aβ) are prospective biomarkers of ocular ageing and retinopathy. These were quantified by ELISA in the vitreous and blood from controls (n = 55) and in a subset of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients (n = 12) for insights and possible additional links between the ocular and systemic compartments. Vitreous MMP9 levels in control and AMD groups were 932.5 ± 240.9 pg/mL and 813.7 ± 157.6 pg/mL, whilst serum levels were 2228 ± 193 pg/mL and 2386.8 ± 449.4 pg/mL, respectively. Vitreous Aβ in control and AMD groups were 1173.5 ± 117.1 pg/mL and 1275.6 ± 332.9 pg/mL, whilst plasma Aβ were 574.3 ± 104.8 pg/mL and 542.2 ± 139.9 pg/mL, respectively. MMP9 and Aβ showed variable levels across the lifecourse, indicating no correlation to each other or with age nor AMD status, though the smaller AMD cohort was a limiting factor. Aβ and MMP9 levels in the vitreous and blood were unrelated to mean arterial pressure. Smoking, another modifiable risk, showed no association with vitreous Aβ. However, smoking may be linked with vitreous (p = 0.004) and serum (p = 0.005) MMP9 levels in control and AMD groups, though this did not reach our elevated (p = 0.001) significance. A bioinformatics analysis revealed promising MMP9 and APP/Aβ partners for further scrutiny, many of which are already linked with retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah A. Lynn
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, MP806, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Flavie Soubigou
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, MP806, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Jennifer M. Dewing
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, MP806, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Amanda Smith
- Eye Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Joanna Ballingall
- Eye Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Thea Sass
- Eye Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Isabela Nica
- Eye Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Catrin Watkins
- Eye Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Bhaskar Gupta
- Eye Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Hussein Almuhtaseb
- Eye Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Stephen C. Lash
- Eye Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Ho Ming Yuen
- Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, MP 801, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Angela Cree
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, MP806, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Tracey A. Newman
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, MP806, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
| | - Andrew J. Lotery
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, MP806, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Eye Unit, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Correspondence: (A.J.L.); (J.A.R.)
| | - J. Arjuna Ratnayaka
- Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, MP806, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK
- Correspondence: (A.J.L.); (J.A.R.)
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Ji W, Sun J, Hu Z, Sun B. Resveratrol protects against atherosclerosis by downregulating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway in atherosclerosis model mice. Exp Ther Med 2022; 23:414. [PMID: 35601067 PMCID: PMC9117958 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a cardiovascular disease, which is characterized by the interaction between carbohydrates, lipids, cells and various other molecules and genetic factors. Previous studies have demonstrated that resveratrol (RV) served protective roles in numerous types of human disease by regulating different signaling pathways. The aim of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effects of RV and analyze the potential RV-mediated mechanism in umbilical vein endothelial cells (UVECS) in atherosclerosis model mice. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the therapeutic effects of RV both in vitro and in vivo. The results demonstrated that total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterin levels were significantly decreased in the RV group compared with the control group. RV demonstrated significant anti-atherosclerotic activity, which was determined through the atherogenic index, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-Coa (HMG-CoA) reductase activity and marker enzymes, such as lactate dehydrogenase, creatine phosphokinase, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase and alkaline phosphatase. It was also observed that RV treatment significantly decreased the area of the arteriosclerotic lesion in the RV group compared with the control, as well as significantly decreasing the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and CD40 ligand (CD40L) in arterial lesion tissue compared with the control group. Serum expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-α and C-reactive protein were also significantly decreased by RV treatment compared with the control group. Furthermore, RV treatment significantly decreased the expression levels of PI3K, AKT and mTOR in UVECS in vitro. In conclusion, these results suggested that the anti-atherosclerotic activity of RV may be due to its modulatory activity over the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. These findings suggested a potential novel treatment option for patients with atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuguang Ji
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The People's Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 310009, P.R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Radiology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Rizhao, Rizhao, Shandong 276800, P.R. China
| | - Zonghua Hu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The People's Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 310009, P.R. China
| | - Bo Sun
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The People's Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 310009, P.R. China
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Ma HY, Mao Q, Zhu YB, Cong CL, Zheng SY, Zhang Q, Chen CC, Li LQ. Time-resolved Fluorescence Immunoassay (TRFIA) for the Simultaneous Detection of MMP-9 and Lp-PLA2 in Serum. J Fluoresc 2021; 31:1771-1777. [PMID: 34495467 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02811-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Currently, atherosclerosis accounts for the majority of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality worldwide, and predicting the stability of atherosclerotic plaque is the main method to prevent atherosclerotic death. This study aims to establish a dual-label time-resolved fluorescence immunoassay (TRFIA) of matrix metalloprotein-9 (MMP-9) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipaseA2 (Lp-PLA2) to predict atherosclerotic plaque stability. A dual-label TRFIA was introduced for the simultaneous quantification of MMP-9 and Lp-PLA2 using fluorescent lanthanide (Eu3+ and Sm3+) chelates. The performance (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, precision and reference intervals in different subjects) of this TRFIA was evaluated and compared with commercial kit. The sensitivity of the TRFIA for MMP-9 was 0.85 ng/mL and for Lp-PLA2 was 0.68 ng/mL with high affinity and specificity. The average recoveries were 94.58% to 109.82%, and 104.32% to 109.26%, respectively. All intra- and inter-assay CVs ranged from 3.10% to 5.46%. For the normal subjects, the cutoff value was 160.70 ng/mL for MMP-9 and 183.73 ng/mL for LP-PLA2; for the subjects with stable plaque, the cutoff value was 181.98~309.22 ng/mL for MMP-9 and 194.73~337.89 ng/mL for LP-PLA2; for the subjects with unstable plaque, the cutoff value was 330.43 ng/mL for MMP-9 and 343.23 ng/mL for LP-PLA2. This TRFIA detection results agreed well with the results of commercial kit (R2=0.9567 and R2=0.9771, respectively) in clinical serum samples. The TRFIA developed has a wide detection range and good sensitivity for the high-throughput simultaneous detection of MMP-9 and Lp-PLA2 in serum, which provides a new method for predicting the stability of atherosclerotic plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Beihua University Affiliated Hospital, Jilin, 132000, China
| | - Qian Mao
- Department of Cardiology, Beihua University Affiliated Hospital, Jilin, 132000, China
| | - Yan-Bin Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Beihua University Affiliated Hospital, Jilin, 132000, China
| | - Chun-Li Cong
- Department of Cardiology, Beihua University Affiliated Hospital, Jilin, 132000, China
| | - Shi-Yu Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Beihua University Affiliated Hospital, Jilin, 132000, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Beihua University Affiliated Hospital, Jilin, 132000, China
| | - Cui-Cui Chen
- Guangzhou Youdi Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510663, China
| | - Lai-Qing Li
- Guangzhou Youdi Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, 510663, China.
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Relationship of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio with Carotid Plaque Vulnerability and Occurrence of Vulnerable Carotid Plaque in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6894623. [PMID: 34250090 PMCID: PMC8238559 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6894623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Carotid plaque is an undefined risk factor in ischemic stroke and is driven by inflammation. Mounting evidence suggests that neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is crucial not only for cerebrovascular events but also in atherosclerosis progression. Here, we aimed to explore the association between the admission NLR and carotid plaque vulnerability as well as the occurrence of vulnerable carotid plaque detected by carotid ultrasonography in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) among Chinese. Methods We conducted a retrospective study composed of 588 patients with AIS and 309 healthy controls free of carotid plaque in the Department of Neurology in The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from March 2014 to February 2015. All patients were classified as nonplaque, stable plaque, and vulnerable plaque groups on the basis of carotid ultrasonography results. The baseline information was collected and compared among the four different groups. The correlation between variables and carotid plaque vulnerability was tested by Spearman linear correlation analysis. To identify the independent predictors for vulnerable carotid plaque, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed. Results The comparisons of age, sex proportion, history of hypertension, diabetes, and smoking, the levels of HDL-C, Lp(a), BMI, SBP, DBP, Fib, CRP, leukocyte, and NLR among the four groups showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05); in particular, the NLR was significantly higher in the vulnerable plaque group as compared to the control (P = 0.043), nonplaque (P = 0.022), and stable plaque groups (P = 0.015). The Spearman correlation analysis presented a positive correlation between carotid plaque vulnerability and age (r = 0.302; P < 0.001), SBP (r = 0.163; P < 0.001), and NLR (r = 0.087; P = 0.034), while the lymphocyte was negatively related to the carotid plaque vulnerability (r = −0.089; P = 0.030). The multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounding factors revealed that age (odds ratio [OR], 1.042; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.025-1.060; P < 0.001), male gender (OR, 2.005; 95% CI, 1.394-2.884; P < 0.001), diabetes (OR, 1.481; 95% CI, 1.021-2.149; P = 0.039), SBP (OR, 1.012; 95% CI, 1.003-1.021; P = 0.010), and NLR (OR, 1.098; 95% CI, 1.018-1.184; P = 0.015) are independent predictors of vulnerable carotid plaque in patients with AIS. Conclusion The admission NLR is a novel and meaningful biomarker that can be used in predicting carotid plaque vulnerability and the presence of vulnerable carotid plaque assessed by carotid ultrasonography in patients with AIS among Chinese.
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Xue Y, Chen H, Zhang S, Bao L, Chen B, Gong H, Zhao Y, Qi R. Resveratrol Confers Vascular Protection by Suppressing TLR4/Syk/NLRP3 Signaling in Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-Activated Platelets. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8819231. [PMID: 33728029 PMCID: PMC7935581 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8819231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of resveratrol on Toll-like receptor 4- (TLR4-) mediated matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) and MMP9 expression in oxidized low-density lipoprotein- (ox-LDL-) activated platelets and the potential molecule mechanism. Human platelets were used in the present study. The results showed that resveratrol suppressed TLR4, MMP3, and MMP9 expression in ox-LDL-activated platelets. The TLR4 inhibitor CLI-095 also inhibited MMP3 and MMP9 expression and secretion in ox-LDL- and lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) activated platelets. The combination of resveratrol and CLI-095 synergistically suppressed MMP3 and MMP9 expression in ox-LDL- and LPS-activated platelets. These findings suggest that the resveratrol-induced inhibition of MMP3 and MMP9 expression is linked to the suppression of TLR4 activation. Resveratrol also suppressed spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) phosphorylation and nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat containing protein 3 (NLRP3) expression and IL-1β secretion in ox-LDL- and LPS-treated platelets. The coimmunoprecipitation results showed that resveratrol inhibited the binding of Syk and NLRP3. Finally, resveratrol reduced vascular senescence cells and the expression of TLR4, MMP3, and MMP9 and prevented alterations of vascular structure in 52-week-old mice. Our findings demonstrated that resveratrol decreased inflammatory protein expression and improved vascular structure in aged mice. Resveratrol inhibited the expression of TLR4 and secretion of MMP3, MMP9, and IL-1β. The mechanism of action of resveratrol appears to be associated with the inhibition of TLR4/Syk/NLRP3 activation in ox-LDL-activated platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xue
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huilian Chen
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Shenghao Zhang
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Li Bao
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Beidong Chen
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Gong
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyang Zhao
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
| | - Ruomei Qi
- MOH Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Beijing, China
- Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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12
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Matrix metalloproteinase 9 a potential major player connecting atherosclerosis and osteoporosis in high fat diet fed rats. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0244650. [PMID: 33571214 PMCID: PMC7877768 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) represent one of the major sequelae of obesity. On the other hand, the relationship between bone diseases and obesity remains unclear. An increasing number of biological and epidemiological studies suggest the presence of a link between atherosclerosis and osteoporosis, however, the precise molecular pathways underlying this close association remain poorly understood. The present work thus aimed to study Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9), as a proposed link between atherosclerosis and osteoporosis in high fat diet fed rats. Methods and findings 40 rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, untreated atherosclerosis group, atherosclerotic rats treated with carvedilol (10mg/kg/d) and atherosclerotic rats treated with alendronate sodium (10mg/kg/d). After 8 weeks, blood samples were collected for estimation of Lipid profile (Total cholesterol, HDL, TGs), inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-α, CRP and NO) and Bone turnover markers (BTMs) (Alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and pyridinoline). Rats were then euthanized and the aortas and tibias were dissected for histological examination and estimation of MMP-9, N-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) and NF-kB expression. Induction of atherosclerosis via high fat diet and chronic stress induced a significant increase in BTMs, inflammatory markers and resulted in a state of dyslipidaemia. MMP-9 has also shown to be significantly increased in the untreated atherosclerosis rats and showed a significant correlation with all measured parameters. Interestingly, Carvedilol and bisphosphonate had almost equal effects restoring the measured parameters back to normal, partially or completely. Conclusion MMP-9 is a pivotal molecule that impact the atherogenic environment of the vessel wall. A strong cross talk exists between MMP-9, cytokine production and macrophage function. It also plays an important regulatory role in osteoclastogenesis. So, it may be a key molecule in charge for coupling CVD and bone diseases in high fat diet fed rats. Therefore, we suggest MMP-9 as a worthy molecule to be targeted pharmacologically in order to control both conditions simultaneously. Further studies are needed to support, to invest and to translate this hypothesis into clinical studies and guidelines.
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13
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Ye S, Matthan NR, Lamon-Fava S, Solano-Aguilar G, Turner JR, Walker ME, Chai Z, Lakshman S, Chen C, Dawson H, Urban JF, Lichtenstein AH. Colon transcriptome is modified by a dietary pattern/atorvastatin interaction in the Ossabaw pig. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 90:108570. [PMID: 33429036 PMCID: PMC8994518 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2020.108570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Optimizing diet quality in conjunction with statin therapy is currently the most common approach for coronary artery disease (CAD) risk management. Although effects on the cardiovascular system have been extensively investigated, little is known about the effect of these interventions in the colon and subsequent associations with CAD progression. To address this gap, Ossabaw pigs were randomly allocated to receive, for a six-month period, isocaloric amounts of either a heart healthy-type diet (HHD; high in unrefined carbohydrate, unsaturated fat, fiber, supplemented with fish oil, and low in cholesterol) or a Western-type diet (WD; high in refined carbohydrate, saturated fat and cholesterol, and low in fiber), without or with atorvastatin therapy. At the end of the intervention period, colon samples were harvested, mucosa fraction isolated, and RNA sequenced. Gene differential expression and enrichment analyses indicated that dietary patterns and atorvastatin therapy differentially altered gene expression, with diet-statin interactions. Atorvastatin had a more profound effect on differential gene expression than diet. In pigs not receiving atorvastatin, the WD upregulated “LXR/RXR Activation” pathway compared to pigs fed the HHD. Enrichment analysis indicated that atorvastatin therapy lowered inflammatory status in the HHD-fed pigs, whereas it induced a colitis-like gene expression phenotype in the WD-fed pigs. No significant association was identified between gene expression phenotypes and severity of atherosclerotic lesions in the left anterior descending-left circumflex bifurcation artery. These data suggested diet quality modulated the response to atorvastatin therapy in colonic mucosa, and these effects were unrelated to atherosclerotic lesion development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumao Ye
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nirupa R Matthan
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stefania Lamon-Fava
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gloria Solano-Aguilar
- USDA, ARS, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Diet Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Jerrold R Turner
- Laboratory of Mucosal Barrier Pathobiology, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Woman's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maura E Walker
- Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zhi Chai
- Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Physiology and Department of Nutritional Science, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sukla Lakshman
- USDA, ARS, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Diet Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Celine Chen
- USDA, ARS, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Diet Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Harry Dawson
- USDA, ARS, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Diet Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Joseph F Urban
- USDA, ARS, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Diet Genomics and Immunology Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, USA
| | - Alice H Lichtenstein
- Cardiovascular Nutrition Laboratory, Jean Mayer USDA Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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14
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Nakai M, Shimokado A, Kubo T, Katayama Y, Nishiguchi T, Kashiwagi M, Shimamura K, Shiono Y, Kuroi A, Yamano T, Tanimoto T, Matsuo Y, Kitabata H, Ino Y, Yamaguchi T, Tanaka A, Hozumi T, Akasaka T. Expression of Cyclophilin A in Coronary Artery Plaque with Intraplaque Hemorrhage Is More Frequent in Deceased Patients Who Had Impaired Kidney Function. Int Heart J 2020; 61:1129-1134. [PMID: 33191348 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.20-283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Patients with impaired kidney function have a high frequency of intraplaque hemorrhage (IPH) in their coronary arteries. Levels of cyclophilin A (CyPA), an indirect matrix metalloproteinase inducer, are increased in deceased patients who had impaired kidney function. In this study, we have examined the relationship between IPH and CyPA.We examined 47 samples of coronary plaque from 27 cadavers with coronary stenosis. These sections, all with > 50% coronary stenosis, were stained with an antibody against CyPA and the expression of CyPA was semi-quantified. Cadavers and plaques were classified into one of two groups depending on the presence or absence of IPH. IPH was defined as the presence of red blood cells stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) indicative of overt acute hemorrhage.In an individual analysis, estimation of glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in the IPH group was significantly lower than that in the non-IPH group (P = 0.002). In a histological analysis, the percentage of stained area of CyPA in the IPH group was significantly higher than that in the non-IPH group (P < 0.0001).IPH was associated with a significantly higher expression of CyPA in this study. In addition, patients with IPH in their coronary arteries had significantly impaired kidney function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Nakai
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Aiko Shimokado
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Takashi Kubo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Yosuke Katayama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | | | - Manabu Kashiwagi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | | | - Yasutsugu Shiono
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Akio Kuroi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Takashi Yamano
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Takashi Tanimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Yoshiki Matsuo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | | | - Yasushi Ino
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | | | - Atsushi Tanaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Takeshi Hozumi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
| | - Takashi Akasaka
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Wakayama Medical University
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15
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Kouhpeikar H, Delbari Z, Sathyapalan T, Simental-Mendía LE, Jamialahmadi T, Sahebkar A. The Effect of Statins through Mast Cells in the Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis: a Review. Curr Atheroscler Rep 2020; 22:19. [PMID: 32458165 DOI: 10.1007/s11883-020-00837-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW In this review, we discuss the evidence supporting the effects of statins on mast cells (MCs) in atherosclerosis and their molecular mechanism of action. RECENT FINDINGS Statins or HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors are known for their lipid-lowering properties and are widely used in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. There is growing evidence that statins have an inhibitory effect on MCs, which contributes to the pleiotropic effect of statins in various diseases. MCs are one of the crucial effectors of the immune system which play an essential role in the pathogenesis of multiple disorders. Recent studies have shown that MCs are involved in the development of atherosclerotic plaques. MCs secrete various inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL4, TNF-α, and IFNγ) and inflammatory mediators (histamine, tryptase, proteoglycans) after activation by various stimulants. This, in turn, will exacerbate atherosclerosis. Statins suppress the activation of MCs via IgE inhibition which leads to inhibition of inflammatory mediators and cytokines which are involved in the development and progression of atherosclerosis. In keeping with this evidence presented here, MCs can be considered as one of the therapeutic targets for statins in the treatment of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Kouhpeikar
- Department of hematology and blood bank, Tabas school of nursing, Birjand University of Medical Science, Birjand, Iran
| | - Zahra Delbari
- Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, HU3 2JZ, UK
| | | | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran. .,Neurogenic Inflammation Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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16
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Laronha H, Caldeira J. Structure and Function of Human Matrix Metalloproteinases. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051076. [PMID: 32357580 PMCID: PMC7290392 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 253] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a macromolecules network, in which the most abundant molecule is collagen. This protein in triple helical conformation is highly resistant to proteinases degradation, the only enzymes capable of degrading the collagen are matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). This resistance and maintenance of collagen, and consequently of ECM, is involved in several biological processes and it must be strictly regulated by endogenous inhibitors (TIMPs). The deregulation of MMPs activity leads to development of numerous diseases. This review shows MMPs complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Laronha
- Centro de investigação interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829 Caparica, Portugal;
- UCIBIO and LAQV Requimte Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Jorge Caldeira
- Centro de investigação interdisciplinar Egas Moniz, Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, 2829 Caparica, Portugal;
- UCIBIO and LAQV Requimte Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +3519-1955-35-92
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17
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Luo W, Zhao R, Song Y, Zhao H, Ma W, Ma Y, Cong H. Combined non-invasive scan and biomarkers to identify independent risk factors in patients with mild coronary stenosis. J Thorac Dis 2020; 12:199-208. [PMID: 32274085 PMCID: PMC7139078 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2020.01.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Independent risk factors for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with mild coronary stenosis are uncertain. This study aims to investigate predictive biomarkers for MACEs in patients with mild coronary stenosis. Methods Totally 381 patients with mild coronary stenosis were included and MACE incidences were recorded through a 24-month follow-up and 91 patients with unfavorable plaques characteristic are detected by CCTA. One unfavorable characteristic was recorded for 1 point and they were divided into three groups: high-risk group (HR, score =0), intermediate-risk group (IR, score =1) and low-risk group (LR, score/2). Specific blood biomarker measurements of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP-9), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were taken simultaneously. Results The mean age, hs-CRP and MPO levels in the HR and IR group were significantly higher than that in the LR group. A considerably higher level of MMP-9 showed in the HR group compared to the LR group. The incidence rates of MACE were remarkably higher in HR group than LR group and IR group. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that the cumulative event—free survival rate of HR was significantly higher than that in LR and IR group and there was no significant difference between LR and IR group. The univariate COX regression analysis indicated that the age, hs-CRP, MPO, and unfavorable plaque scores ≥2 were independent risk factors for MACEs. Conclusions High MPO levels were strongly correlated with MACEs in patients with mild coronary stenosis. Although confirmation is needed from larger trials, MPO could be a promising clinical tool to improve the risk stratification in patients with mild coronary stenosis and suggest strategies for the individualized prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Ru Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Yanqiu Song
- Angiocardiopathy Institute, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Radiological Department, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Weijun Ma
- Radiological Department, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Yanzhe Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300222, China
| | - Hongliang Cong
- Graduate School, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin 300222, China
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18
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Wang N, Yuan Y, Sun S, Liu G. microRNA-204-5p Participates in Atherosclerosis Via Targeting MMP-9. Open Med (Wars) 2020; 15:231-239. [PMID: 32266319 PMCID: PMC7126203 DOI: 10.1515/med-2020-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the role and mechanism of microRNA-204-5p (miR-204-5p) in atherosclerosis (AS)-related abnormal human vascular smooth muscle cells (hVSMCs) function. Firstly, we analyzed the expression of miR-204-5p and found that the miR-204-5p expression level was clearly downregulated in atherosclerotic plaque tissues and blood samples compared to the normal controls. Then, matrix metallopeptidase-9 (MMP-9) was predicted to be the potential target of miR-204-5p by TargetScan and this prediction was confirmed by luciferase assays. Besides, we observed that miR-204-5p could negatively regulate the expression of MMP-9 in hVSMCs. Subsequently, Thiazolyl Blue Tetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay, transwell assay and flow cytometry were performed to detect the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of hVSMCs. Down-expression of miR-204-5p led to the promotion of proliferation and migration accompanied with the suppression of apoptosis in hVSMCs, and these effects were reversed by MMP-9-siRNA. In addition, overexpressed miR-204-5p could inhibit hVSMC proliferation and migration and promote the apoptosis of hVSMCs. However, the effects were also abrogated by overexpressed MMP-9. Together, our findings showed that miR-204-5p plays an important role in the growth and migration of hVSMCs by targeting MMP-9, which might be a novel biomarker and promising therapeutic target for AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Clinical laboratory, Guang'anmen Hospital Southern District, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 102618, China
| | - Yuliang Yuan
- Clinical laboratory, Guang'anmen Hospital Southern District, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Science, Beijing 102618, China
| | - Shipeng Sun
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Science, No. 5 North Line Pavilion, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Guijian Liu
- Guang'anmen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Science, No. 5 North Line Pavilion, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China
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19
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Angelini G, Flego D, Vinci R, Pedicino D, Trotta F, Ruggio A, Piemontese GP, Galante D, Ponzo M, Biasucci LM, Liuzzo G, Crea F. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 might affect adaptive immunity in non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndromes by increasing CD31 cleavage on CD4+ T-cells. Eur Heart J 2019; 39:1089-1097. [PMID: 29211854 PMCID: PMC5915953 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims In patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), the higher activity of effector T-cells suggests that mechanisms involving adaptive immunity dysregulation might play a role in coronary instability. The shedding of the functional CD31 domain 1–5 leads to uncontrolled lymphocyte activation. In experimental models, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) has been implicated in endothelial CD31 cleavage. Interestingly, higher serum levels of MMP-9 have been observed in ACS. We aim to investigate the mechanisms underlying CD31 dysregulation in ACS. Methods and results To assess CD31 cleavage on CD4+ T-cells, we analysed by flow cytometry CD4+ T-cells of 30 ACS, 25 stable angina (SA) patients, and 28 controls (CTRL) using two different CD31 antibodies that specifically recognize domain 1–5 or the non-functional membrane-proximal domain 6. The ratio between the domains was significantly lower in ACS than in SA and CTRL (P = 0.002 ACS vs. SA; P = 0.002 ACS vs. CTRL). After stimulation with anti-CD3/CD28, the 1–5/6 domain ratio was significantly lower in ACS than in SA (P = 0.005). ELISA of supernatants obtained from T-cell receptor-stimulated CD4+ T-cells showed higher production of MMP-9 in ACS than in SA (P < 0.001). CD31 domain 1–5 expression in activated CD4+ T-cells from ACS patients increased after treatment with a specific MMP-9 inhibitor (P = 0.042). Conclusion Our study suggest that enhanced MMP-9 release plays a key role in determining the cleavage and shedding of the functional CD31 domain 1–5 in CD4+ T-cells of ACS patients. This mechanism might represent an important therapeutic target to modulate T-cell dysregulation in ACS. ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Angelini
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Davide Flego
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Ramona Vinci
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Daniela Pedicino
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Trotta
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Aureliano Ruggio
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe P Piemontese
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Galante
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Myriana Ponzo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi M Biasucci
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Liuzzo
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Filippo Crea
- Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Sciences, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, Largo A. Gemelli, 8-00168 Rome, Italy
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20
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Molecular Imaging Probes Based on Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors (MMPIs). Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24162982. [PMID: 31426440 PMCID: PMC6719134 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of zinc- and calcium-dependent endopeptidases which are secreted or anchored in the cell membrane and are capable of degrading the multiple components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). MMPs are frequently overexpressed or highly activated in numerous human diseases. Owing to the important role of MMPs in human diseases, many MMP inhibitors (MMPIs) have been developed as novel therapeutics, and some of them have entered clinical trials. However, so far, only one MMPI (doxycycline) has been approved by the FDA. Therefore, the evaluation of the activity of a specific subset of MMPs in human diseases using clinically relevant imaging techniques would be a powerful tool for the early diagnosis and assessment of the efficacy of therapy. In recent years, numerous MMPIs labeled imaging agents have emerged. This article begins by providing an overview of the MMP subfamily and its structure and function. The latest advances in the design of subtype selective MMPIs and their biological evaluation are then summarized. Subsequently, the potential use of MMPI-labeled diagnostic agents in clinical imaging techniques are discussed, including positron emission tomography (PET), single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and optical imaging (OI). Finally, this article concludes with future perspectives and clinical utility.
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21
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Jiang L, Qiao Y, Wang Z, Ma X, Wang H, Li J. Inhibition of microRNA-103 attenuates inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress in atherosclerosis through disrupting the PTEN-mediated MAPK signaling. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:380-393. [PMID: 31232476 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS), a chronic disorder of large arteries, is the underlying pathological process of heart disease and stroke. Former researchers have found that microRNAs (miRs) are involved in the several key processes of AS. Apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/- ) mice fed a high-fat-diet (HFD) to establish AS model. The expression of miR-103 was characterized in the mice model. The effects of miR-103 on inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) were analyzed when the expression of miR-103 was inhibited in ApoE -/- mice fed an HFD and human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) exposed to oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL). The relationship between miR-103 and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) was identified by luciferase activity detection and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Gain- and loss-function approaches were further applied for investigating the regulatory effects of miR-103 and PTEN on ERS. Role of MAPK signaling was then analyzed using PD98059 to block this pathway. miR-103 was highly expressed in the ApoEApoE -/- mice fed an HFD. Downregulation of miR-103 suppressed inflammation and ERS in endothelial cells isolated from ApoE -/- mice fed a HFD and ox-LDL-exposed HAECs. In addition, miR-103 can target PTEN and downregulate its expression. Overexpression of PTEN reversed the miR-103-induced activation of MAPK signaling. Moreover, PTEN upregulation or MAPK signaling inhibition ease miR-103-induced inflammation and ERS in vivo and in vitro. Thus, miR-103 depletion restrains the progression of AS through blocking PTEN-mediated MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Jiang
- South Building No. 2 Division, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yanguo Qiao
- South Building No. 2 Division, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Zhenghui Wang
- Clinical Laboratory, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Xiuzhu Ma
- Department of Ultrasound, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Haichao Wang
- Oral Implant Department, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Third Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
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22
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Ezhov M, Safarova M, Afanasieva O, Mitroshkin M, Matchin Y, Pokrovsky S. Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 as a Predictor of Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Instability in Stable Coronary Heart Disease Patients with Elevated Lipoprotein(a) Levels. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9040129. [PMID: 30934954 PMCID: PMC6523150 DOI: 10.3390/biom9040129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We sought to investigate whether levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors predict coronary atherosclerotic plaque instability, as assessed by intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) virtual histology during coronary angiography. Blood samples were collected before angiography in 32 subjects (mean age 56 ± 8 years) with stable coronary heart disease (CHD) and elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a), 94 ± 35 mg/dL). Levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), apolipoprotein B100 (apoB100), MMP-7, MMP-9, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1, and TIMP-2 were determined using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Results. The morphology of a total of sixty coronary lesions was assessed by virtual histology IVUS imaging. Eleven (18%) plaques in nine (28%) patients were classified as plaques with an unstable phenotype or a thin-cap fibroatheroma. Age, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, apoB100, MMP-7, and MMP-9 levels were positively associated with necrotic core volume. Conversely, there was a negative relationship between MMP-7 and -9 levels and fibrous and fibro-fatty tissue volume. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that MMP-9 is a strong independent predictor of atherosclerotic plaque instability in stable CHD patients. In stable CHD patients with elevated Lp(a), MMP-9 levels are positively associated with the size of the necrotic core of coronary atherosclerotic plaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marat Ezhov
- Federal State Budget Institution "National Cardiology Research Center" of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; 15A, 3d Cherepkovskaya street, 121552 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Maya Safarova
- Federal State Budget Institution "National Cardiology Research Center" of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; 15A, 3d Cherepkovskaya street, 121552 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Olga Afanasieva
- Federal State Budget Institution "National Cardiology Research Center" of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; 15A, 3d Cherepkovskaya street, 121552 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Maksim Mitroshkin
- Federal State Budget Institution "National Cardiology Research Center" of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; 15A, 3d Cherepkovskaya street, 121552 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yuri Matchin
- Federal State Budget Institution "National Cardiology Research Center" of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; 15A, 3d Cherepkovskaya street, 121552 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Sergei Pokrovsky
- Federal State Budget Institution "National Cardiology Research Center" of Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation; 15A, 3d Cherepkovskaya street, 121552 Moscow, Russia.
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23
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Kiugel M, Hellberg S, Käkelä M, Liljenbäck H, Saanijoki T, Li XG, Tuomela J, Knuuti J, Saraste A, Roivainen A. Evaluation of [ 68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TCTP-1 for the Detection of Metalloproteinase 2/9 Expression in Mouse Atherosclerotic Plaques. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23123168. [PMID: 30513758 PMCID: PMC6321344 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23123168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The expression of matrix metalloproteinases 2/9 (MMP-2/9) has been implicated in arterial remodeling and inflammation in atherosclerosis. We evaluated a gallium-68 labeled peptide for the detection of MMP-2/9 in atherosclerotic mouse aorta. Methods: We studied sixteen low-density lipoprotein receptor deficient mice (LDLR-/-ApoB100/100) kept on a Western-type diet. Distribution of intravenously-injected MMP-2/9-targeting peptide, [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TCTP-1, was studied by combined positron emission tomography (PET) and contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT). At 60 min post-injection, aortas were cut into cryosections for autoradiography analysis of tracer uptake, histology, and immunohistochemistry. Zymography was used to assess MMP-2/9 activation and pre-treatment with MMP-2/9 inhibitor to assess the specificity of tracer uptake. Results: Tracer uptake was not visible by in vivo PET/CT in the atherosclerotic aorta, but ex vivo autoradiography revealed 1.8 ± 0.34 times higher tracer uptake in atherosclerotic plaques than in normal vessel wall (p = 0.0029). Tracer uptake in plaques correlated strongly with the quantity of Mac-3-positive macrophages (R = 0.91, p < 0.001), but weakly with MMP-9 staining (R = 0.40, p = 0.099). Zymography showed MMP-2 activation in the aorta, and pre-treatment with MMP-2/9 inhibitor decreased tracer uptake by 55% (p = 0.0020). Conclusions: The MMP-2/9-targeting [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TCTP-1 shows specific uptake in inflamed atherosclerotic lesions; however, a low target-to-background ratio precluded in vivo vascular imaging. Our results suggest, that the affinity of gelatinase imaging probes should be steered towards activated MMP-2, to reduce the interference of circulating enzymes on the target visualization in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Kiugel
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Sanna Hellberg
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Meeri Käkelä
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Heidi Liljenbäck
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Tiina Saanijoki
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Xiang-Guo Li
- Turku PET Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Johanna Tuomela
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Juhani Knuuti
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Antti Saraste
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
- Heart Center, Turku University Hospital, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
| | - Anne Roivainen
- Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
- Turku Center for Disease Modeling, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
- Turku PET Centre, Turku University Hospital, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.
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24
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Xu L, Liu JT, Li K, Wang SY, Xu S. Genistein inhibits Ang II-induced CRP and MMP-9 generations via the ER-p38/ERK1/2-PPARγ-NF-κB signaling pathway in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. Life Sci 2018; 216:140-146. [PMID: 30452971 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.11.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS C-reactive protein (CRP) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 are involved in the inflammation of atherosclerosis lesions. Genistein (Gen) has been demonstrated to exert beneficial effect on the cardiovascular system. However, it remains unclear whether Gen produces anti-inflammatory effect in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Therefore, we investigated the effects of Gen on CRP and MMP-9 expressions induced by angiotensin (Ang) II in VSMCs and the related molecular mechanism. MAIN METHODS Rat VSMCs were cultured, and Ang II was used as a stimulant for CRP and MMP-9 expressions. CRP level was measured by ELISA. The mRNA and protein expressions of related indexes were identified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and western blot, respectively. KEY FINDINGS Gen inhibited Ang II-stimulated CRP and MMP-9 mRNA and protein expressions in concentration- and time-dependent manners. Additionally, Gen ameliorated Ang II-induced p-ERK1/2, p-p38 and NF-κB expressions, antagonized Ang II-downregulated peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor (PPAR) γ and estrogen receptor (ER) β expressions. After treating the VSMCs with GW9662 or ICI182780 in Gen treated groups, inhibitory effect of Gen on CRP and MMP-9 expressions were antagonized in Ang II-stimulated VSMCs. The treatment of VSMCs with ICI182780 abolished downregulations of p-p38/p-ERK1/2, and antagonized upregulation of PPARγ by Gen in Ang II-stimulated VSMCs. Moreover, the inhibitory effect of Gen on Ang II-stimulated NF-κB expression was abolished after preincubation of VSMCs with GW9662 in Gen treated groups. SIGNIFICANCE Gen exerts anti-inflammatory property via the ER-p38/ERK1/2-PPARγ-NF-κB-CRP/MMP-9 signal pathway in Ang II-stimulated VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710077, People's Republic of China; Hospital Management Institute of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710077, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Tian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Cardiology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710021, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Yu Wang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710077, People's Republic of China
| | - Shouzhu Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an 710061, People's Republic of China
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25
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Relationship of polymorphisms in the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and -2 genes with chronic heart failure. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9446. [PMID: 29930267 PMCID: PMC6013444 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27857-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulated expression of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMPs) is associated with systolic dysfunction and worsening heart failure (HF). However, no study has assessed the relationship between TIMP polymorphisms and chronic HF. In this study, 300 HF outpatients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction and 304 healthy blood donors were genotyped for the 372 T > C polymorphism (Phe124Phe; rs4898) in the TIMP-1 gene and the −418 G > C polymorphism (rs8179090) in the TIMP-2 gene to investigate whether these polymorphisms are associated with HF susceptibility and prognosis. The genotype and allele frequencies of the 372 T > C polymorphism in HF patients were not significantly different from those observed among healthy subjects, and the C allele of the −418 G > C polymorphism was very rare in our population (frequency < 1%). After a median follow-up duration of 5.5 years, 121 patients (40.3%) died (67 of them from HF). Survival analysis did not show statistically significant differences in all-cause death and HF-related death between patients with and without the T allele (P > 0.05 for all comparisons). Thus, our findings do not support the hypothesis that the 372 T > C (Phe124Phe) polymorphism in the TIMP-1 gene and the −418 G > C polymorphism in the TIMP-2 gene are associated with HF susceptibility and prognosis in Southern Brazilians.
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26
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Xu WM, Yang K, Jiang LJ, Hu JQ, Zhou XZ. Integrated Modules Analysis to Explore the Molecular Mechanisms of Phlegm-Stasis Cementation Syndrome with Ischemic Heart Disease. Front Physiol 2018; 9:7. [PMID: 29403392 PMCID: PMC5786858 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) has been the leading cause of death for several decades globally, IHD patients usually hold the symptoms of phlegm-stasis cementation syndrome (PSCS) as significant complications. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of PSCS complicated with IHD have not yet been fully elucidated. Materials and Methods: Network medicine methods were utilized to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of IHD phenotypes. Firstly, high-quality IHD-associated genes from both human curated disease-gene association database and biomedical literatures were integrated. Secondly, the IHD disease modules were obtained by dissecting the protein-protein interaction (PPI) topological modules in the String V9.1 database and the mapping of IHD-associated genes to the PPI topological modules. After that, molecular functional analyses (e.g., Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analyses) for these IHD disease modules were conducted. Finally, the PSCS syndrome modules were identified by mapping the PSCS related symptom-genes to the IHD disease modules, which were further validated by both pharmacological and physiological evidences derived from published literatures. Results: The total of 1,056 high-quality IHD-associated genes were integrated and evaluated. In addition, eight IHD disease modules (the PPI sub-networks significantly relevant to IHD) were identified, in which two disease modules were relevant to PSCS syndrome (i.e., two PSCS syndrome modules). These two modules had enriched pathways on Toll-like receptor signaling pathway (hsa04620) and Renin-angiotensin system (hsa04614), with the molecular functions of angiotensin maturation (GO:0002003) and response to bacterium (GO:0009617), which had been validated by classical Chinese herbal formulas-related targets, IHD-related drug targets, and the phenotype features derived from human phenotype ontology (HPO) and published biomedical literatures. Conclusion: A network medicine-based approach was proposed to identify the underlying molecular modules of PSCS complicated with IHD, which could be used for interpreting the pharmacological mechanisms of well-established Chinese herbal formulas (e.g., Tao Hong Si Wu Tang, Dan Shen Yin, Hunag Lian Wen Dan Tang and Gua Lou Xie Bai Ban Xia Tang). In addition, these results delivered novel understandings of the molecular network mechanisms of IHD phenotype subtypes with PSCS complications, which would be both insightful for IHD precision medicine and the integration of disease and TCM syndrome diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Xu
- Research Centre for Disease and Syndrome, Institute of Basic Theory for Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kuo Yang
- School of Computer and Information Technology and Beijing Key Lab of Traffic Data Analysis and Mining, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Jie Jiang
- Research Centre for Disease and Syndrome, Institute of Basic Theory for Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing-Qing Hu
- Research Centre for Disease and Syndrome, Institute of Basic Theory for Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Zhong Zhou
- School of Computer and Information Technology and Beijing Key Lab of Traffic Data Analysis and Mining, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China
- Data Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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27
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Metalloproteinases in atherosclerosis. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 816:93-106. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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28
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Sex-related differences in serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 screening non-calcified and mixed coronary atherosclerotic plaques in outpatients with chest pain. Heart Vessels 2017; 32:1424-1431. [PMID: 28726114 DOI: 10.1007/s00380-017-1014-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study is to evaluate the clinical feasibility of serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) for screening plaque composition as assessed by coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) in outpatients with chest pain,and the effects of sex on this feasibility. Eight hundred and sixty-two consecutive outpatients with chest pain were divided into three groups according to the results of CCTA: non-plaque (NP, n = 474), calcified plaques (CPs, n = 179), non-calcified and mixed plaques (NCPs and MPs, n = 209). We found that serum MMP-9 levels were significantly higher in patients with NCPs and MPs compared to those with either NP or CPs, especially in women (649.7 ± 279.8 vs. 485.7 ± 231.6 ng/mL or 515.7 ± 274.5 ng/mL, P < 0.001). MMP-9 showed better identification of NCPs and MPs than other related factors and was an independent predictor for NCPs and MPs both in women and men. The receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated a substantial superiority in women with area under the curve of 0.75 (95% CI 0.69-0.82, P < 0.01), compared with men of 0.59 (95% CI 0.53-0.65, z = 3.71, P < 0.01). The diagnostic tests revealed a moderate risk of the presence of NCPs and MPs with MMP-9 ≥531.6 ng/mL in female patients.
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29
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Brown BA, Williams H, George SJ. Evidence for the Involvement of Matrix-Degrading Metalloproteinases (MMPs) in Atherosclerosis. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2017; 147:197-237. [PMID: 28413029 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis leads to blockage of arteries, culminating in myocardial infarction, and stroke. The involvement of matrix-degrading metalloproteinases (MMPs) in atherosclerosis is established and many studies have highlighted the importance of various MMPs in this process. MMPs were first implicated in atherosclerosis due to their ability to degrade extracellular matrix components, which can lead to increased plaque instability. However, more recent work has highlighted a multitude of roles for MMPs in addition to breakdown of extracellular matrix proteins. MMPs are now known to be involved in various stages of plaque progression: from initial macrophage infiltration to plaque rupture. This chapter summarizes the development and progression of atherosclerotic plaques and the contribution of MMPs. We provide data from human studies showing the effect of MMP polymorphisms and the expression of MMPs in both the atherosclerotic plaque and within plasma. We also discuss work in animal models of atherosclerosis that show the effect of gain or loss of function of MMPs. Together, the data provided from these studies illustrate that MMPs are ideal targets as both biomarkers and potential drug therapies for atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethan A Brown
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Williams
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah J George
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom.
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30
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Pan R, Yu K, Weatherwax T, Zheng H, Liu W, Liu KJ. Blood Occludin Level as a Potential Biomarker for Early Blood Brain Barrier Damage Following Ischemic Stroke. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40331. [PMID: 28079139 PMCID: PMC5228160 DOI: 10.1038/srep40331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Concern about intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the primary reason for withholding tPA therapy from patients with ischemic stroke. Early blood brain barrier (BBB) damage is the major risk factor for fatal post-thrombolysis ICH, but rapidly assessing BBB damage before tPA administration is highly challenging. We recently reported that ischemia induced rapid degradation of tight junction protein occludin in cerebromicrovessels. The present study investigates whether the cleaved occludin is released into the blood stream and how blood occludin levels correlate to the extent of BBB damage using a rat model of ischemic stroke. Cerebral ischemia induced a time-dependent increase of blood occludin with a sharp increase at 4.5-hour post-ischemia onset, which concurrently occurred with the loss of occludin from ischemic cerebral microvessels and a massive BBB leakage at 4.5-hour post-ischemia. Two major occludin fragments were identified in the blood during cerebral ischemia. Furthermore, blood occludin levels remained significantly higher than its basal level within the first 24 hours after ischemia onset. Our findings demonstrate that blood occludin levels correlate well with the extent of BBB damage and thus may serve as a clinically relevant biomarker for evaluating the risk of ICH before tPA administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Pan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Kewei Yu
- Department of Rehabilitation, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Theodore Weatherwax
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Handong Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
| | - Wenlan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.,The Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen University 1st Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518035, China
| | - Ke Jian Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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31
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Huang XY, Han LY, Huang XD, Guan CH, Mao XL, Ye ZS. Association of Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 and Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 Gene Variants with Ischemic Stroke and Its Subtype. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2016; 26:368-375. [PMID: 27793533 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2016.09.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic variations in the genes of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) may play an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke (IS). Here we investigate the association between MMP-1 -1607 1G/2G and MMP-3 -1171 5A/6A genetic polymorphisms and etiological subtypes of IS in the Han Chinese population. METHODS A total of 640 eligible patients with IS and 637 age- and gender-matched apparently healthy volunteers were enrolled. Subtypes of IS were classified by Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment criteria. MMP-1 (-1607 1G/2G) and MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A) polymorphisms were evaluated using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS The frequencies of the 5A/6A + 5A/5A genotypes and 5A allele were significantly higher in patients with IS than in controls (P <.001, P <.001, respectively). No association was found between MMP-1 1G/2G polymorphism and overall IS. In subgroup analyses, MMP-1 1G/2G and 2G/2G genotypes increased the risk of small-artery occlusion (SAO) subtype (multivariate-adjusted, P <.001, P = .002, respectively), and MMP-3 5A/6A + 5A/5A genotypes were related with large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA) subtype (multivariate-adjusted, P <.001). Haplotype analyses indicated that 2G-6A and 1G-5A increased the risk of SAO (multivariate-adjusted, P = .029) and LAA (multivariate-adjusted, P <.001), respectively. CONCLUSIONS MMP-1 (-1607 1G/2G) and MMP-3 (-1171 5A/6A) polymorphisms may contribute to different subtypes of IS susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ya Huang
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Central Hospital & Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li-Ya Han
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Central Hospital & Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Huang
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Central Hospital & Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao-Hong Guan
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Central Hospital & Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xin-Lei Mao
- Department of Neurology, Wenzhou Central Hospital & Dingli Clinical Institute of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zu-Sen Ye
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325000, Zhejiang, China.
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32
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Hernandez-Anzaldo S, Brglez V, Hemmeryckx B, Leung D, Filep JG, Vance JE, Vance DE, Kassiri Z, Lijnen RH, Lambeau G, Fernandez-Patron C. Novel Role for Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 in Modulation of Cholesterol Metabolism. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:JAHA.116.004228. [PMID: 27694328 PMCID: PMC5121519 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.004228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Background The development of atherosclerosis is strongly linked to disorders of cholesterol metabolism. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are dysregulated in patients and animal models with atherosclerosis. Whether systemic MMP activity influences cholesterol metabolism is unknown. Methods and Results We examined MMP‐9–deficient (Mmp9−/−) mice and found them to have abnormal lipid gene transcriptional responses to dietary cholesterol supplementation. As opposed to Mmp9+/+ (wild‐type) mice, Mmp9−/− mice failed to decrease the hepatic expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein 2 pathway genes, which control hepatic cholesterol biosynthesis and uptake. Furthermore, Mmp9−/− mice failed to increase the expression of genes encoding the rate‐limiting enzymes in biliary cholesterol excretion (eg, Cyp7a and Cyp27a). In contrast, MMP‐9 deficiency did not impair intestinal cholesterol absorption, as shown by the 14C‐cholesterol and 3H‐sitostanol absorption assay. Similar to our earlier study on Mmp2−/− mice, we observed that Mmp9−/− mice had elevated plasma secreted phospholipase A2 activity. Pharmacological inhibition of systemic circulating secreted phospholipase A2 activity (with varespladib) partially normalized the hepatic transcriptional responses to dietary cholesterol in Mmp9−/− mice. Functional studies with mice deficient in other MMPs suggested an important role for the MMP system, as a whole, in modulation of cholesterol metabolism. Conclusions Our results show that MMP‐9 modulates cholesterol metabolism, at least in part, through a novel MMP‐9–plasma secreted phospholipase A2 axis that affects the hepatic transcriptional responses to dietary cholesterol. Furthermore, the data suggest that dysregulation of the MMP system can result in metabolic disorder, which could lead to atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Hernandez-Anzaldo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vesna Brglez
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Bianca Hemmeryckx
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dickson Leung
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Janos G Filep
- The Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, University of Montreal, Canada
| | - Jean E Vance
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Dennis E Vance
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Zamaneh Kassiri
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Roger H Lijnen
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gérard Lambeau
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Université Côte d'Azur, Nice, France
| | - Carlos Fernandez-Patron
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Mazankowski Alberta Heart Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Ruddy JM, Ikonomidis JS, Jones JA. Multidimensional Contribution of Matrix Metalloproteinases to Atherosclerotic Plaque Vulnerability: Multiple Mechanisms of Inhibition to Promote Stability. J Vasc Res 2016; 53:1-16. [PMID: 27327039 PMCID: PMC7196926 DOI: 10.1159/000446703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of atherosclerotic disease continues to increase, and despite significant reductions in major cardiovascular events with current medical interventions, an additional therapeutic window exists. Atherosclerotic plaque growth is a complex integration of cholesterol penetration, inflammatory cell infiltration, vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) migration, and neovascular invasion. A family of matrix-degrading proteases, the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), contributes to all phases of vascular remodeling. The contribution of specific MMPs to endothelial cell integrity and VSMC migration in atherosclerotic lesion initiation and progression has been confirmed by the increased expression of these proteases in plasma and plaque specimens. Endogenous blockade of MMPs by the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) may attenuate proteolysis in some regions, but the progression of matrix degeneration suggests that MMPs predominate in atherosclerotic plaque, precipitating vulnerability. Plaque neovascularization also contributes to instability and, coupling the known role of MMPs in angiogenesis to that of atherosclerotic plaque growth, interest in targeting MMPs to facilitate plaque stabilization continues to accumulate. This article aims to review the contributions of MMPs and TIMPs to atherosclerotic plaque expansion, neovascularization, and rupture vulnerability with an interest in promoting targeted therapies to improve plaque stabilization and decrease the risk of major cardiovascular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Marie Ruddy
- Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, S.C., USA
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Zhou F, Liu D, Ning HF, Yu XC, Guan XR. The roles of p62/SQSTM1 on regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene expression in response to oxLDL in atherosclerosis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 472:451-8. [PMID: 26898796 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.01.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) plays an important role in the remodeling of the extracellular matrix in atherosclerosis plaques. Autophagy protects macrophages against the processes of vascular disease. Our research explores how autophagy plays roles in macrophages to secret MMP-9. METHODS AND RESULTS In response to increased doses of oxLDL or CQ we monitored the autophagic flux. Our results revealed that oxLDL was dynamically associated with autophagy and 100 μg/ml oxLDL blocked autophagic flux in THP-1 cells. Moreover p62/SQSTM1 knocking down and CQ respectively inhibited and increased MMP-9 transcriptional expression. These effects were mediated by inhibition of NF-κB. CONCLUSION Abundant oxLDL blocked autophagic flux resulting in the aggregation of p62/SQSTM1. Then p62/SQSTM1 was involved in gene expression of MMP-9 via NF-κB-dependent signaling, and thus featuring novel plaque vulnerability properties of the atherosclerotic plaque. Understanding the mechanism that selectively modulates p62/SQSTM1 will provide a novel strategy for anti-atherogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhou
- Laboratory Diagnostics Department, The Haerbin Medical University, 150001, China.
| | - Dan Liu
- Laboratory Diagnostics Department, The Haerbin Medical University, 150001, China
| | - Hao-feng Ning
- Laboratory Diagnostics Department, The Haerbin Medical University, 150001, China
| | - Xiao-chen Yu
- Laboratory Diagnostics Department, The Haerbin Medical University, 150001, China
| | - Xiu-ru Guan
- Laboratory Diagnostics Department, The First Clinic Hospital Affiliated to Haerbin Medical University, 150001, China.
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Mechtouff L, Ritzenthaler T, Cho TH, Derex L, Feugier P, Berthezene Y, Collet-Benzaquen D, Douek PC, Nighoghossian N. High-resolution MRI: detection of a culprit plaque after recurrent thrombolysis. J Neurol 2015; 262:2773-5. [PMID: 26530507 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-015-7915-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mechtouff
- Stroke Department, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69677, Bron, France.
| | - Thomas Ritzenthaler
- Stroke Department, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69677, Bron, France
| | - Tae-Hee Cho
- Stroke Department, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69677, Bron, France
- CREATIS, CNRS UMR 5220, INSERM U1044, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Laurent Derex
- Stroke Department, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69677, Bron, France
| | - Patrick Feugier
- Vascular Surgery Department, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, University Lyon 1, 5 Place d'Arsonval, 69003, Lyon, France
| | - Yves Berthezene
- CREATIS, CNRS UMR 5220, INSERM U1044, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Neuroradiology Department, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69677, Bron, France
| | - Diane Collet-Benzaquen
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 5 Place d'Arsonval, 69003, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Charles Douek
- CREATIS, CNRS UMR 5220, INSERM U1044, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
- Radiology Department, Hôpital Louis Pradel, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 28 Avenue du Doyen Jean Lépine, 69677, Bron, France
| | - Norbert Nighoghossian
- Stroke Department, Hôpital Pierre Wertheimer, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 Boulevard Pinel, 69677, Bron, France
- CREATIS, CNRS UMR 5220, INSERM U1044, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France
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Liu JP, Wang YZ, Li YK, Cheng Q, Zheng Z. Matrix metalloproteinase 9 level as an indicator for restenosis following cervical and intracranial angioplasty and stenting. Neural Regen Res 2015; 10:631-5. [PMID: 26170826 PMCID: PMC4424758 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.155439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical and intracranial angioplasty and stenting is an effective and safe method of reducing the risk of ischemic stroke, but it may be affected by in-stent restenosis. The present study investigated serum level of matrix metalloproteinase 9 as a predictor of restenosis after 40 patients underwent cervical and/or intracranial angioplasty and stenting. Results showed that restenosis occurred in 30% (3/10) of patients when the serum level of matrix metalloproteinase 9 at 3 days after surgery was 2.5 times higher than preoperative level. No restenosis occurred when the serum level of matrix metalloproteinase 9 at 3 days after surgery was not 2.5 times higher than preoperative level. Restenosis occurred in 12% (2/17) of patients when the serum level of matrix metalloproteinase 9 was higher than preoperative level for more than 30 days after surgery, but only occurred in 4% (1/23) of patients when the serum level of matrix metalloproteinase 9 was higher than preoperative level for less than 30 days after surgery. However, the differences observed were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Experimental findings indicate that when the serum level of matrix metalloproteinase 9 is 2.5 times higher than preoperative level at 3 days after cervical and intracranial angioplasty and stenting, it may serve as a predictor of in-stent restenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Peng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Department of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yin-Zhou Wang
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Department of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yong-Kun Li
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Department of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Qiong Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Department of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Department of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
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Grasso G, Bonnet S. Metal complexes and metalloproteases: targeting conformational diseases. Metallomics 2015; 6:1346-57. [PMID: 24870829 DOI: 10.1039/c4mt00076e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years many metalloproteases (MPs) have been shown to play important roles in the development of various pathological conditions. Although most of the literature is focused on matrix MPs (MMPs), many other MPs have been demonstrated to be involved in the degradation of peptides or proteins whose accumulation and dyshomeostasis are considered as being responsible for the development of conformational diseases, i.e., diseases where non-native protein conformations lead to protein aggregation. It seems clear that, at least in principle, it must be possible to control the levels of many aggregation-prone proteins not only by reducing their production, but also by enhancing their catabolism. Metal complexes that can perform this function were designed and tested according to at least two different strategies: (i) intervening on the endogenous MPs by directly or indirectly modulating their activity; (ii) acting as artificial MPs, replacing or synergistically functioning with endogenous MPs. These two different bioinorganic approaches are widely represented in the current literature and the aim of this review is to rationally organize and discuss both of them so as to give a critical insight into these approaches and highlighting their limitations and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Grasso
- Chemistry Department, Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.
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Li J, Zhang P, Li T, Liu Y, Zhu Q, Chen T, Liu T, Huang C, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Guo Y. CTRP9 enhances carotid plaque stability by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 458:890-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.02.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Grasso G. Monitoring the biomolecular interactions and the activity of Zn-containing enzymes involved in conformational diseases: experimental methods for therapeutic purposes. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2014; 97:115-42. [PMID: 25458357 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2014.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Zinc metalloproteases (ZnMPs) participate in diverse biological reactions, encompassing the synthesis and degradation of all the major metabolites in living organisms. In particular, ZnMPs have been recognized to play a very important role in controlling the concentration level of several peptides and/or proteins whose homeostasis has to be finely regulated for the correct physiology of cells. Dyshomeostasis of aggregation-prone proteins causes pathological conditions and the development of several different diseases. For this reason, in recent years, many analytical approaches have been applied for studying the interaction between ZnMPs and their substrates/inhibitors and how environmental factors can affect enzyme activities. In this scenario, nuclear magnetic resonance, X-ray diffraction, mass spectrometric (MS), and optical methods occupy a very important role in elucidating different aspects of the ZnMPs-substrates/inhibitors interaction, ranging from identification of cleavage sites to quantitation of kinetic parameters and inhibition constants. Here, an overview of all the main achievements in the application of different experimental approaches with special attention to MS methods to the investigation of ZnMPs-substrates/inhibitors interaction is given. A general MS experimental protocol which has been proved to be useful to study such interactions is also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Grasso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Catania, Italy.
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Röhrborn D, Eckel J, Sell H. Shedding of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is mediated by metalloproteases and up-regulated by hypoxia in human adipocytes and smooth muscle cells. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:3870-7. [PMID: 25217834 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2014] [Revised: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 is an important drug target for diabetes and a novel adipokine. However, it is unknown how soluble DPP4 (sDPP4) is cleaved from the cell membrane and released into the circulation. We show here that MMP1, MMP2 and MMP14 are involved in DPP4 shedding from human vascular smooth muscle cells (SMC) and MMP9 from adipocytes. Hypoxia increased DPP4 shedding from SMC which is associated with increased mRNA expression of MMP1. Our data suggest that constitutive as well as hypoxia-induced DPP4 shedding occurs due to a complex interplay between different MMPs in cell type-specific manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Röhrborn
- Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Eckel
- Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Henrike Sell
- Paul-Langerhans-Group for Integrative Physiology, German Diabetes Center, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Zou X, Wang H, Cai L, Li K, Zhang W, Ding Y, Si Q. Effects of serum lipid smoothness on the progression and vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques in rabbits. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93686. [PMID: 25007151 PMCID: PMC4090237 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective We aimed to explore the effects of lipid smoothness on the progression and vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques. Approach 24 rabbits were divided into three groups randomly. Group 1 was given standard chow diet; group 2 was fed with cholesterol-rich diet; for group 3, subjects were planned to take cholesterol-rich diet at the first phase for 12 weeks and during the second phase, low-fat and cholesterol-rich diet was then applied alternately every three weeks till the end of the experiment. Lipid profiles, inflammatory factors, endothelium functions, pathological and histological changes were examined. Expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 were measured by immunohistochemical staining. Results According to data collected during the whole experiment, lipid smoothness index of group 3 was the lowest. Compared with group 2, statistics of the group 3 indicated that: the development of plaques progressed faster; the plaque area and plaque thickness (53.53[22.6]% vs 33.90[24.91]% , 800.38[98.25]µm vs 675.00[109.67]µm) were higher while the fibrous cap thickness (103.50[45.66]µm vs 295.83[97.90]µm) was lower; hs-CRP (0.53[0.07]mg/dL vs 0.45[0.06]mg/dL), interleukin-18 (186.01[8.41]ng/L vs 158.08[2.37]ng/L), OX-LDL (177.15[5.93]µg/L vs 139.57[2.35] µg/L) and endothelin-1 (164.66[9.54]ng/L vs 131.52[4.39]ng/L) were higher while nitric-oxide (22.41[1.69]µmol/L vs 27.23[1.36]µmol/L) was lower; expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (IOD: 37375.87[5634.52] vs 20956.57[4616.93]) and lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (IOD: 45213.04[16653.81] vs 21921.68[6142.32]) were higher. Conclusions Lipids fluctuation could accelerate the progression and vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques through worsening arterial endothelium dysfunction and inflammatory reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zou
- Department 1 of the Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Haijun Wang
- Department 1 of the Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lili Cai
- Clinical Laboratory of Nanlou, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Kailiang Li
- Department 1 of the Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department 1 of the Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department 1 of the Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Quanjin Si
- Department 1 of the Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, P.R. China
- * E-mail:
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Hua Y, Nair S. Proteases in cardiometabolic diseases: Pathophysiology, molecular mechanisms and clinical applications. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1852:195-208. [PMID: 24815358 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S. and other developed countries. Metabolic syndrome, including obesity, diabetes/insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidemia is a major threat for public health in the modern society. It is well established that metabolic syndrome contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease collective called as cardiometabolic disease. Despite documented studies in the research field of cardiometabolic disease, the underlying mechanisms are far from clear. Proteases are enzymes that break down proteins, many of which have been implicated in various diseases including cardiac disease. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), calpain, cathepsin and caspase are among the major proteases involved in cardiac remodeling. Recent studies have also implicated proteases in the pathogenesis of cardiometabolic disease. Elevated expression and activities of proteases in atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, obesity/insulin-associated heart disease as well as hypertensive heart disease have been documented. Furthermore, transgenic animals that are deficient in or over-express proteases allow scientists to understand the causal relationship between proteases and cardiometabolic disease. Mechanistically, MMPs and cathepsins exert their effect on cardiometabolic diseases mainly through modifying the extracellular matrix. However, MMP and cathepsin are also reported to affect intracellular proteins, by which they contribute to the development of cardiometabolic diseases. On the other hand, activation of calpain and caspases has been shown to influence intracellular signaling cascade including the NF-κB and apoptosis pathways. Clinically, proteases are reported to function as biomarkers of cardiometabolic diseases. More importantly, the inhibitors of proteases are credited with beneficial cardiometabolic profile, although the exact molecular mechanisms underlying these salutary effects are still under investigation. A better understanding of the role of MMPs, cathepsins, calpains and caspases in cardiometabolic diseases process may yield novel therapeutic targets for treating or controlling these diseases. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Autophagy and protein quality control in cardiometabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Hua
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
| | - Sreejayan Nair
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and Alternative Medicine, University of Wyoming, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
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