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Alexandre-Silva V, Cominetti MR. Unraveling the dual role of ADAM10: Bridging the gap between cancer and Alzheimer's disease. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 219:111928. [PMID: 38513842 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2024.111928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
An inverse association between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cancer has been proposed. Patients with a cancer history have a decreased risk of developing AD, and AD patients have a reduced cancer incidence, which is not seen in vascular dementia patients. Given this association, common molecular and biological mechanisms that could explain this inverse relationship have been proposed before, such as Peptidylprolyl Cis/Trans Isomerase, NIMA-Interacting 1 (Pin1), Wingless and Int-1 (Wnt), and transformation-related protein 53 (p53)-mediated pathways, along with inflammation and oxidative stress-related proteins. A Disintegrin And Metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) is a protease responsible for the cleavage of key AD- and cancer-related substrates, and it has inverse roles in those diseases: neuroprotective and disease-promoting, respectively. Thus, herein, we review the relevant literature linking AD and cancer and propose how ADAM10 activity might modulate the inverse association between the diseases. Understanding how this protease mediates those two conditions might raise some considerations in the ADAM10 pharmacological modulation for treating AD and cancer.
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Cadoni MPL, Coradduzza D, Congiargiu A, Sedda S, Zinellu A, Medici S, Nivoli AM, Carru C. Platelet Dynamics in Neurodegenerative Disorders: Investigating the Role of Platelets in Neurological Pathology. J Clin Med 2024; 13:2102. [PMID: 38610867 PMCID: PMC11012481 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13072102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Neurological disorders, particularly those associated with aging, pose significant challenges in early diagnosis and treatment. The identification of specific biomarkers, such as platelets (PLTs), has emerged as a promising strategy for early detection and intervention in neurological health. This systematic review aims to explore the intricate relationship between PLT dynamics and neurological health, focusing on their potential role in cognitive functions and the pathogenesis of cognitive disorders. Methods: Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive search strategy was employed in the PubMed and Scholar databases to identify studies on the role of PLTs in neurological disorders published from 2013 to 2023. The search criteria included studies focusing on PLTs as biomarkers in neurological disorders, their dynamics, and their potential in monitoring disease progression and therapy effectiveness. Results: The systematic review included 104 studies, revealing PLTs as crucial biomarkers in neurocognitive disorders, acting as inflammatory mediators. The findings suggest that PLTs share common features with altered neurons, which could be utilised for monitoring disease progression and evaluating the effectiveness of treatments. PLTs are identified as significant biomarkers for detecting neurological disorders in their early stages and understanding the pathological events leading to neuronal death. Conclusions: The systematic review underscores the critical role of PLTs in neurological disorders, highlighting their potential as biomarkers for the early detection and monitoring of disease progression. However, it also emphasises the need for further research to solidify the use of PLTs in neurological disorders, aiming to enhance early diagnosis and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Stefania Sedda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Serenella Medici
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandra Matilde Nivoli
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Psychiatric Unit Clinic of the University Hospital, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Ciriaco Carru
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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Oliveira Monteiro E Pereira de Almeida MP, Valle Pedroso R, Mantellatto Grigoli M, Vicente Silva T, Manzine PR, Cominetti MR. ADAM10 as a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2024; 180:1-11. [PMID: 37460331 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have shown that A Disintegrin and Metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) is the main α-secretase in the non-amyloidogenic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), avoiding the production of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ), one of the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVE To investigate ADAM10 from cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma/serum as a potential biomarker for AD. METHODS A systematic review was carried out in the MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus databases using the terms and Boolean operators: "Alzheimer" AND "ADAM10" AND "biomarker". Citation searching was also adopted. The inclusion criteria were original studies of ADAM10 in blood or CSF in patients with AD. The risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. The analysis methods were registered in the PROSPERO database (#CRD42021274239). RESULTS Of the 97 records screened, 17 were included. There is strong evidence for lower levels of ADAM10 in platelets of persons with AD compared to cognitively healthy participants. On the other hand, higher levels of ADAM10 were found in plasma. Regarding CSF, controversial results were found with lower and higher levels of ADAM10 in persons with AD compared to healthy older adults. The differences may be due to diverse reasons, including different sample collection and processing and different antibodies, highlighting the importance of standardizing the experiments and choosing the appropriate antibodies for ADAM10 detection. CONCLUSION Evidence shows that ADAM10 levels are altered in platelets, plasma, serum, and CSF of individuals with AD. The alteration was evident in all stages of the disease, and therefore, the protein may represent a complementary biomarker for the disease. However, more studies must be performed to establish cut-off values for ADAM10 levels to discriminate AD participants from cognitively unimpaired older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R Valle Pedroso
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos. Rod. Washington Luis, km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - M Mantellatto Grigoli
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos. Rod. Washington Luis, km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - T Vicente Silva
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos. Rod. Washington Luis, km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - P R Manzine
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos. Rod. Washington Luis, km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - M R Cominetti
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos. Rod. Washington Luis, km 235, 13565-905 São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Global Brain Health Institute, Dublin, Ireland.
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S R M, S S. Identification of Mild Cognitive Impairment Subtypes using an Interpretable Neural Network based Clustering of Gene Expression Data and Neuroimaging Markers. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2023; 2023:1-4. [PMID: 38082666 DOI: 10.1109/embc40787.2023.10340584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
In this study, an attempt is made to cluster the gene expression data and neuroimaging markers using an interpretable neural network model to identify Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) subtypes. For this, structural Magnetic Resonance (MR) brain images and gene expression data of early and late MCI subjects are considered from a public database. A neural network model is employed to cluster the gene expression data and regional MR volumes. To evaluate the performance of model, clustering metrics are employed and model is explained using perturbation-based method. Results indicate that the developed model is able to identify MCI subtypes. The network learns latent embeddings of disease-specific genes and MR images markers. The clustering metrics are found to be highest when both the imaging and genetic markers are employed. Volumes of lateral ventricles, hippocampus, amygdala and thalamus are found to be associated with late MCI. Significant scores suggest that genes such as StAR, CCDC108, APOO, TRMT13, RASAL2 and ZNF43 play a key role in identifying the MCI subtypes.Clinical Relevance-Identifying distinct MCI subtypes offer potential for precision diagnostics and targeted clinical recruitment.
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Agüero-Rabes P, Pérez-Pérez J, Cremades-Jimeno L, García-Ayllón MS, Gea-González A, Sainz MJ, Mahillo-Fernández I, Téllez R, Cárdaba B, Sáez-Valero J, Gómez-Tortosa E. ADAM10 Gene Variants in AD Patients and Their Relationship to CSF Protein Levels. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076113. [PMID: 37047093 PMCID: PMC10093927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
ADAM10 is the main α-secretase acting in the non-amyloidogenic processing of APP. We hypothesized that certain rare ADAM10 variants could increase the risk for AD by conferring the age-related downregulation of α-secretase. The ADAM10 gene was sequenced in 103 AD cases (82% familial) and 96 cognitively preserved nonagenarians. We examined rare variants (MAF < 0.01) and determined their potential association in the AD group with lower CSF protein levels, as analyzed by means of ELISA, and Western blot (species of 50 kDa, 55 kDa, and 80 kDa). Rare variants were found in 15.5% of AD cases (23% early-onset, 8% late-onset) and in 12.5% of nonagenarians, and some were group-specific. All were intronic variants except Q170H, found in three AD cases and one nonagenarian. The 3'UTR rs74016945 (MAF = 0.01) was found in 6% of the nonagenarians (OR 0.146, p = 0.057). Altogether, ADAM10 total levels or specific species were not significantly different when comparing AD with controls or carriers of rare variants versus non-carriers (except a Q170H carrier exhibiting low levels of all species), and did not differ according to the age at onset or APOE genotype. We conclude that ADAM10 exonic variants are uncommon in AD cases, and the presence of rare intronic variants (more frequent in early-onset cases) is not associated with decreased protein levels in CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - María-Salud García-Ayllón
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), 46020 Valencia, Spain
| | - Adriana Gea-González
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), 46020 Valencia, Spain
| | - María José Sainz
- Department of Neurology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Raquel Téllez
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Blanca Cárdaba
- Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Sobre Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Sáez-Valero
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 03550 Alicante, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), 03010 Alicante, Spain
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Qin H, Hu C, Zhao X, Tian M, Zhu B. Usefulness of candidate mRNAs and miRNAs as biomarkers for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease. Int J Neurosci 2023; 133:89-102. [PMID: 33541173 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2021.1886098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore potential molecular mechanisms and novel biomarkers of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS The mRNA expression datasets GSE63060 and GSE63061 and the miRNA expression dataset GSE120584 were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and miRNA (DEmiRs) were identified in the normal, MCI, and AD groups. Mfuzz clustering and weighted correlation network analyses (WGCNA) were conducted, followed by pathway and functional enrichment analyses and miRNA-mRNA network construction. Furthermore, phenotypic correlation analysis and experimental verification were performed on key DEGs and DEmiRs. RESULTS In total, 3,000 intersected DEGs from GSE63060/GSE63061 and 817 DEmiRs from GSE120584 were obtained. Mfuzz and WGCNA analyses revealed 106 DEGs including ribosomal protein L11 (RPL11) and 28 DEmiRs including miR-6764-5p. These DEGs and DEmiRs were mainly enriched in pathways like Ribosome. Moreover, 5 key DEGs including cytohesin 4 (CYTH4) and 6 crucial DEmiRs including miR-6734-3p were identified by miRNA-mRNA interaction network analysis. Phenotypic correlation analysis showed that CYTH4 and miR-6734-3p were correlated with patients' age. The results of quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed that RPL11 expression was significantly downregulated in the MCI and AD groups compared to that in the normal group, while the expression of CYTH4, miR-6764-5p, and miR-6734-3p was remarkably upregulated in the MCI and AD groups. CONCLUSIONS miR-6764-5p might contribute to MCI and AD by targeting RPL11 in the ribosome pathway. Therefore, miR-6734-3p and its target mRNA CYTH4 might be used as novel biomarkers for MCI and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyun Qin
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xudong Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Tian
- Shanghai Burn Institute, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Binggen Zhu
- Department of Psychiatry, Shanghai Pudong New Area Mental Health Center, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Pelucchi S, Gardoni F, Di Luca M, Marcello E. Synaptic dysfunction in early phases of Alzheimer's Disease. HANDBOOK OF CLINICAL NEUROLOGY 2022; 184:417-438. [PMID: 35034752 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819410-2.00022-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The synapse is the locus of plasticity where short-term alterations in synaptic strength are converted to long-lasting memories. In addition to the presynaptic terminal and the postsynaptic compartment, a more holistic view of the synapse includes the astrocytes and the extracellular matrix to form a tetrapartite synapse. All these four elements contribute to synapse health and are crucial for synaptic plasticity events and, thereby, for learning and memory processes. Synaptic dysfunction is a common pathogenic trait of several brain disorders. In Alzheimer's Disease, the degeneration of synapses can be detected at the early stages of pathology progression before neuronal degeneration, supporting the hypothesis that synaptic failure is a major determinant of the disease. The synapse is the place where amyloid-β peptides are generated and is the target of the toxic amyloid-β oligomers. All the elements constituting the tetrapartite synapse are altered in Alzheimer's Disease and can synergistically contribute to synaptic dysfunction. Moreover, the two main hallmarks of Alzheimer's Disease, i.e., amyloid-β and tau, act in concert to cause synaptic deficits. Deciphering the mechanisms underlying synaptic dysfunction is relevant for the development of the next-generation therapeutic strategies aimed at modifying the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pelucchi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gardoni
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Di Luca
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Marcello
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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Platelet APP Processing: Is It a Tool to Explore the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease? A Systematic Review. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11080750. [PMID: 34440494 PMCID: PMC8401829 DOI: 10.3390/life11080750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The processing of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a critical event in the formation of amyloid plaques. Platelets contain most of the enzymatic machinery required for APP processing and correlates of intracerebral abnormalities have been demonstrated in platelets of patients with AD. The goal of the present paper was to analyze studies exploring platelet APP metabolism in Alzheimer's disease patients trying to assess potential reliable peripheral biomarkers, to offer new therapeutic solutions and to understand the pathophysiology of the AD. According to the PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic review through the PubMed database up to June 2020 with the search terms: "((((((APP) OR Amyloid Precursor Protein) OR AbetaPP) OR Beta Amyloid) OR Amyloid Beta) OR APP-processing) AND platelet". Thirty-two studies were included in this systematic review. The papers included are analytic observational studies, namely twenty-nine cross sectional studies and three longitudinal studies, specifically prospective cohort study. The studies converge in an almost unitary way in affirming that subjects with AD show changes in APP processing compared to healthy age-matched controls. However, the problem of the specificity and sensitivity of these biomarkers is still at issue and would deserve to be deepened in future studies.
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Vatanabe IP, Pedroso RV, Manzine PR, Chagas MHN, de Morais Fabrício D, Grigoli MM, Naves MA, Pott-Jr H, Cominetti MR. ADAM10: Biomarker of mild cognitive impairment but not of cognitive frailty. Exp Gerontol 2021; 149:111303. [PMID: 33675901 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) associated with physical frailty gave rise to the new concept of cognitive frailty. Previous studies have suggested that MCI may represent a condition that precedes Alzheimer's disease (AD), in view of its higher conversion rate to dementia, when compared with the conversion rate of cognitively healthy older adults. Therefore, and considering that MCI represents a reversible condition, the identification of biomarkers for this condition is imperative to early diagnosis. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess whether the platelet and plasma levels of ADAM10 could be related with the concomitant conditions of MCI and physical frailty, in order to support a new blood-based biomarker for the construct of cognitive frailty. Sixty-one adults aged 60 years or older participated in this study. The results showed that ADAM10 levels are reduced in platelets (p < 0.05) and increased in plasma (p < 0.05) of older adults with MCI compared to healthy controls, regardless of the physical frailty condition. The analysis of the ROC curve of ADAM10 in platelets showed sensitivity and specificity of 72.7 and 73.9%, respectively, to correct differentiate between participants with preserved cognition from those with MCI. For plasma samples, ADAM10 presented 62.5 and 90.0%, sensitivity and specificity respectively, to differentiate the aforementioned conditions. Together with other clinical criteria blood ADAM10 could be a relevant, low-invasive, low-cost and fast processing biomarker tool to help in the early and accurate diagnosis of MCI, however this marker was not able to identify cognitive frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Pereira Vatanabe
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Renata Valle Pedroso
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Patricia Regina Manzine
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Daiene de Morais Fabrício
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Marina Mantellatto Grigoli
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Marina Araújo Naves
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Henrique Pott-Jr
- Deparment of Medicine, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Marcia Regina Cominetti
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
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Manzine PR, Vatanabe IP, Peron R, Grigoli MM, Pedroso RV, Nascimento CMC, Cominetti MR. Blood-based Biomarkers of Alzheimer's Disease: The Long and Winding Road. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1300-1315. [PMID: 31942855 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200114105515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blood-based biomarkers can be very useful in formulating new diagnostic and treatment proposals in the field of dementia, especially in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, due to the influence of several factors on the reproducibility and reliability of these markers, their clinical use is still very uncertain. Thus, up-to-date knowledge about the main blood biomarkers that are currently being studied is extremely important in order to discover clinically useful and applicable tools, which could also be used as novel pharmacological strategies for the AD treatment. METHODS A narrative review was performed based on the current candidates of blood-based biomarkers for AD to show the main results from different studies, focusing on their clinical applicability and association with AD pathogenesis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper was to carry out a literature review on the major blood-based biomarkers for AD, connecting them with the pathophysiology of the disease. RESULTS Recent advances in the search of blood-based AD biomarkers were summarized in this review. The biomarkers were classified according to the topics related to the main hallmarks of the disease such as inflammation, amyloid, and tau deposition, synaptic degeneration and oxidative stress. Moreover, molecules involved in the regulation of proteins related to these hallmarks were described, such as non-coding RNAs, neurotrophins, growth factors and metabolites. Cells or cellular components with the potential to be considered as blood-based AD biomarkers were described in a separate topic. CONCLUSION A series of limitations undermine new discoveries on blood-based AD biomarkers. The lack of reproducibility of findings due to the small size and heterogeneity of the study population, different analytical methods and other assay conditions make longitudinal studies necessary in this field to validate these structures, especially when considering a clinical evaluation that includes a broad panel of these potential and promising blood-based biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia R Manzine
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, CEP 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Izabela P Vatanabe
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, CEP 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Peron
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, CEP 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marina M Grigoli
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, CEP 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Renata V Pedroso
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, CEP 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Carla M C Nascimento
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, CEP 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcia R Cominetti
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Rod. Washington Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, CEP 13565-905, Sao Carlos, SP, Brazil
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Agüero P, Sainz MJ, García-Ayllón MS, Sáez-Valero J, Téllez R, Guerrero-López R, Pérez-Pérez J, Jiménez-Escrig A, Gómez-Tortosa E. α-Secretase nonsense mutation (ADAM10 Tyr167*) in familial Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimers Res Ther 2020; 12:139. [PMID: 33129344 PMCID: PMC7603780 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-020-00708-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The disintegrin metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) is the main α-secretase acting in the non-amyloidogenic processing of APP. Some ADAM10 gene variants have been associated with higher susceptibility to develop late-onset AD, though clear clinical-genetic correlates remain elusive. METHODS Clinical-genetic and biomarker study of a first family with early- and late-onset AD associated with a nonsense ADAM10 mutation (p.Tyr167*). CSF analysis included AD core biomarkers, as well as Western blot of ADAM10 species and sAPPα and sAPPβ peptides. We evaluate variant's pathogenicity, pattern of segregation, and further screened for the p.Tyr167* mutation in 197 familial AD cases from the same cohort, 200 controls from the same background, and 274 AD cases from an independent Spanish cohort. RESULTS The mutation was absent from public databases and segregated with the disease. CSF Aβ42, total tau, and phosphorylated tau of affected siblings were consistent with AD. The predicted haploinsufficiency effect of the nonsense mutation was supported by (a) ADAM10 isoforms in CSF decreased around 50% and (b) 70% reduction of CSF sAPPα peptide, both compared to controls, while sAPPβ levels remained unchanged. Interestingly, sporadic AD cases had a similar decrease in CSF ADAM10 levels to that of mutants, though their sAPPα and sAPPβ levels resembled those of controls. Therefore, a decreased sAPPα/sAPPβ ratio was an exclusive feature of mutant ADAM10 siblings. The p.Tyr167* mutation was not found in any of the other AD cases or controls screened. CONCLUSIONS This family illustrates the role of ADAM10 in the amyloidogenic process and the clinical development of the disease. Similarities between clinical and biomarker findings suggest that this family could represent a genetic model for sporadic late-onset AD due to age-related downregulation of α-secretase. This report encourages future research on ADAM10 enhancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Agüero
- Department of Neurology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Avenida de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María José Sainz
- Department of Neurology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Avenida de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Salud García-Ayllón
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana (FISABIO), Elche, Spain
| | - Javier Sáez-Valero
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - Raquel Téllez
- Department of Immunology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Guerrero-López
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (IIS-FJD) and CIBERER, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Estrella Gómez-Tortosa
- Department of Neurology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Avenida de los Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
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12
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Wongchitrat P, Pakpian N, Kitidee K, Phopin K, Dharmasaroja PA, Govitrapong P. Alterations in the Expression of Amyloid Precursor Protein Cleaving Enzymes mRNA in Alzheimer Peripheral Blood. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 16:29-38. [PMID: 30411686 DOI: 10.2174/1567205015666181109103742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in elderly populations. Changes in the expression of the Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP)-cleaving enzymes directly affect the formation of Amyloid Beta (Aβ) plaques, a neuropathological hallmark of AD. OBJECTIVE We used peripheral blood from AD patients to investigate the expression of genes related to APP-processing [(β-site APP-cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1), presenilin1 (PSEN1), and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase family 10 (ADAM10) and 17 (ADAM17)] and the epigenetic genes sirtuin (SIRT)1-3, which regulate Aβ production. METHOD Real-time polymerase chain reactions were performed to determine the specific mRNA levels in plasma. The mRNA levels in AD patients were compared to those in healthy persons and assessed in relation to the subjects' cognitive performance. RESULTS BACE1 mRNA level in AD subjects was significantly higher than those of healthy controls, whereas ADAM10 level was significantly lower in the AD subjects. The SIRT1 level was significantly decreased, while that of SIRT2 was increased in AD subjects and elderly controls compared to levels in healthy young control. In addition, correlations were found between the expression levels of BACE1, ADAM10 and SIRT1 and cognitive performance scores. Total Aβ (Aβ40+Aβ42) levels and the Aβ40/Aβ42 ratio were significantly increased in the AD subjects, whereas decrease in plasma Aβ42 was found in AD subjects. There was a negative correlation between Aβ40 or total Aβ and Thai Mental State Examination (TMSE) while there was no correlation between Aβ40/Aβ42 ratio or Aβ42 and TMSE. CONCLUSION The present findings provide evidence and support for the potential roles of these enzymes that drive Aβ synthesis and for epigenetic regulation in AD progression and development, which can possibly be considered peripheral markers of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prapimpun Wongchitrat
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Nattaporn Pakpian
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Kuntida Kitidee
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Kamonrat Phopin
- Center for Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Salaya, Nakon Pathom, Thailand
| | - Pornpatr A Dharmasaroja
- Stroke and Neurodegenerative Diseases Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Piyarat Govitrapong
- Research Center for Neuroscience, Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Nakon Pathom, Thailand.,Chulabhorn Graduate Institute, Chulabhorn Royal Academy, Bangkok, Thailand
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13
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Akingbade OES, Gibson C, Kalaria RN, Mukaetova-Ladinska EB. Platelets: Peripheral Biomarkers of Dementia? J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 63:1235-1259. [PMID: 29843245 DOI: 10.3233/jad-180181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dementia continues to be the most burdening neurocognitive disorder, having a negative impact on the lives of millions. The search for biomarkers to improve the clinical diagnosis of dementia is ongoing, with the focus on effective use of readily accessible peripheral markers. In this review, we concentrate on platelets as biomarkers of dementia and analyze their potential as easily-accessible clinical biomarkers for various subtypes of dementia. Current platelet protein biomarkers that have been investigated for their clinical utility in the diagnosis of dementia, in particular Alzheimer's disease, include amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP), the AβPP secretases (BACE1 and ADAM10), α-synuclein, tau protein, serotonin, cholesterol, phospholipases, clusterin, IgG, surface receptors, MAO-B, and coated platelets. Few of them, i.e., platelet tau, AβPP (particularly with regards to coated platelets) and secreted ADAM10 and BACE1 show the most promise to be taken forward into clinical setting to diagnose dementia. Aside from protein biomarkers, changes in factors such as mean platelet volume have the potential to play a very specific role in both the dementia diagnosis and prognosis. This review raises a number of research questions for consideration before application of the above biomarkers to routine clinical setting. It is without doubt that there is a need for more clarification on the effects of dementia on platelet morphology and protein content before these changes can be clinically applied as dementia biomarkers and explored further in differentiating distinct dementia subtypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatomi E S Akingbade
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,School of Life Sciences, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Claire Gibson
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Raj N Kalaria
- Institute of Neuroscience, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Elizabeta B Mukaetova-Ladinska
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,Evington Centre, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
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14
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Xu Y, Li WW, Wang J, Zhu C, Shen YY, Shi AY, Zeng GH, Xu ZQ, Zhou XF, Wang YJ. Neurotrophin Receptor p75 mRNA Level in Peripheral Blood Cells of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Neurotox Res 2019; 36:101-107. [PMID: 30977102 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-019-00035-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The neurotrophin receptor p75 (p75NTR) plays important roles in regulating amyloid-beta (Aβ) metabolism in the brain. The expression of p75NTR is altered in the brain of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we aimed to evaluate whether p75NTR mRNA level in the peripheral blood cells is changed among AD patients and its potential to be a biomarker for AD. The study subjects included 26 patients with AD (PiB-PET positive) and 28 cognitively normal controls (PiB-PET negative). RNA was extracted from peripheral blood cells of fast blood. p75NTR mRNA was measured using quantitative real-time PCR assay. p75NTR mRNA levels in blood cells were comparable between AD patients and controls. p75NTR mRNA levels in blood cells were not correlated with MMSE scores, ApoE genotypes, gender, and age. p75NTR mRNA expression in blood cells is not changed in AD patients and is unlikely to be a biomarker for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yali Xu
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Geriatrics, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei-Wei Li
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chi Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying-Ying Shen
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - An-Yu Shi
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gui-Hua Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Xu
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xin-Fu Zhou
- Division of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences and Sansom Institute, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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15
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Kondo M, Yamada H, Munetsuna E, Yamazaki M, Hatta T, Iwahara A, Ohashi K, Ishikawa H, Tsuboi Y, Inoue T, Fujii R, Suzuki K. Associations of serum microRNA-20a, -27a, and -103a with cognitive function in a Japanese population: The Yakumo study. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2019; 82:155-160. [PMID: 30802839 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES MicroRNAs (miRNAs) dysregulate gene expression by binding to target messenger RNAs, and play an important role in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including cancers, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Circulating miRNAs have increasingly been recognized as biomarkers for detecting and diagnosing those diseases. Few studies have investigated the association of circulating miRNA with the early stages of cognitive impairment, such as mild cognitive impairment, in the general population. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between cognitive function and several serum miRNAs levels related to amyloid precursor protein (APP) proteolysis in a Japanese general population who had never been diagnosed with dementia. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study of 337 Japanese subjects (144 men, 193 women) who attended a health examination. The short form of the Mini-Mental State Examination (SMMSE) was used to assess cognitive function. Serum levels of 6 miRNAs (let-7d, miR-17, miR-20a, miR-27a, miR-34a, miR-103a) were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for lower SMMSE score (SMMSE score < 28) were significantly increased in the lowest tertile of serum miR-20a (OR, 2.08; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09-4.04) and miR-103a (OR, 1.91; 95%CI, 1.00-3.69) compared to the highest tertile. Moreover, serum levels of miR-20a, -27a, and -103a were linearly and positively associated with SMMSE scores after adjustment for confounding factors. CONCLUSION Low serum levels of miR-20a, -27a, and -103a are independently associated with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Kondo
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroya Yamada
- Department of Hygiene, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Eiji Munetsuna
- Department of Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Mirai Yamazaki
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hatta
- Department of Health Sciences, Kansai University of Welfare Sciences Faculty of Health and Welfare, 3-11-1 Asahigaoka, Kashiwara, Osaka, 582-0026, Japan
| | - Akihiko Iwahara
- Department of Education, Kyoto Women's University Faculty of Human Development and Education, 35 Kitahiyoshi-cho, Imakumano, Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto, 605-8501, Japan
| | - Koji Ohashi
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ishikawa
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tsuboi
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Takashi Inoue
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan; Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Fujii
- Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Koji Suzuki
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Fujita Health University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan; Department of Preventive Medical Sciences, Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan.
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16
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Sogorb-Esteve A, García-Ayllón MS, Gobom J, Alom J, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Sáez-Valero J. Levels of ADAM10 are reduced in Alzheimer's disease CSF. J Neuroinflammation 2018; 15:213. [PMID: 30045733 PMCID: PMC6060469 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-018-1255-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The disintegrin metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) is the main α-secretase acting in the non-amyloidogenic processing of the amyloid precursor protein. This study assesses whether ADAM10 is present in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and whether it has potential as a biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods ADAM10 was characterized in human CSF samples by immunoprecipitation and western blotting using antibodies specific for different domains of the protein and by ultracentrifugation in sucrose density gradients. Samples from AD patients (n = 20) and age-matched non-AD controls (n = 20) were characterized for classical CSF biomarkers, Aβ42, T-tau, or P-tau by ELISA, and assayed for soluble ADAM10 levels by western blotting. Results We found that ADAM10 is present in human CSF as several distinct species: an immature form retaining the prodomain (proADAM10; ~ 80 kDa), a mature unprocessed full-length form (ADAM10f; ~ 55 kDa), and a truncated large soluble form released from the membrane (sADAM10; ~ 50 kDa). Fractionation by ultracentrifugation on sucrose density gradients showed that the ADAM10f and sADAM10 species form large complexes. Immunoblotting revealed a significant decrease in ADAM10f and sADAM10 in AD CSF compared to control CSF, while proADAM10 levels remained unaltered. Conclusions Several forms of ADAM10 are present in CSF, mainly assembled as high-molecular weight complexes. The determination of the levels of mature forms of CSF-ADAM10 may be useful as a biomarker for AD. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12974-018-1255-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitana Sogorb-Esteve
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Av. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Sant Joan d'Alacant, E-03550, Alicante, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain
| | - María-Salud García-Ayllón
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Av. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Sant Joan d'Alacant, E-03550, Alicante, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain.,Unidad de Investigación, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO), Elche, Spain
| | - Johan Gobom
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Jordi Alom
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain.,Servicio de Neurología, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria Biomédica de la Comunidad Valenciana (FISABIO), Elche, Spain
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, UK.,UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London, UK
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Mölndal, Sweden.,Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Javier Sáez-Valero
- Instituto de Neurociencias de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hernández-CSIC, Av. Ramón y Cajal s/n, Sant Joan d'Alacant, E-03550, Alicante, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Sant Joan d'Alacant, Spain.
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17
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by senile plaques (SP) composed of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau. Recently, nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 1 (NR4A1) was implicated in synaptic plasticity, long-term memory formation, suggesting that it may play a role in the pathophysiology of AD. Here, we showed that the expression of NR4A1 was significantly increased in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 transgenic mice. In addition, NR4A1 overexpression in HT22 cells up-regulated APP and BACE1 levels, down-regulated ADAM10 expression, and promoted amyloidogenesis as indicated by decreased α-CTF levels and elevated β-CTF levels. Furthermore, a raised level of phospho-tau (p-tau, S396) was accompanied by p-GSK3β (S9) expression reducing, but total tau, p-tau (S262 and T231), CDK5 and ERK remained unchanged in NR4A1-overexpressing cells. Collectively, our results suggest that NR4A1 promotes the amyloidogenic processing of APP by regulating ADAM10 and BACE1 expression in HT22 cells; as well as NR4A1 accelerates tau hyperphosphorylation by GSK3β signal. Therefore, NR4A1 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD.
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18
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Abstract
As a member of the A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase (ADAM) family, ADAM10 has been identified as the constitutive α-secretase in the process of amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) cleavage and plays a critical role in reducing the generation of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides. Recent studies have demonstrated its beneficial role in alleviating the pathologic impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD) both in vitro and in vivo. However, the role of ADAM10 in AD and the underlying molecular mechanisms are still not well established. Increasing evidence indicates that ADAM10 not only reduces the generation of Aβ but may also affect the pathology of AD through potential mechanisms including reducing tau pathology, maintaining normal synaptic functions, and promoting hippocampal neurogenesis and the homeostasis of neuronal networks. Mechanistically, ADAM10 regulates these functions by interacting with postsynaptic substrates in brain, especially synaptic cell receptors and adhesion molecules. Furthermore, ADAM10 protein in platelets seems to be a promising biomarker for AD diagnosis. This review will summarize the role of ADAM10 in AD and highlight its functions besides its role as the α-secretase in AβPP cleavage. Meanwhile, we will discuss the therapeutic potential of ADAM10 in treating AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Zhen Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Sen Sun
- Qingdao Blood Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Chen-Chen Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jin-Tai Yu
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lan Tan
- Department of Neurology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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19
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Manzine PR, Pelucchi S, Horst MA, Vale FA, Pavarini SC, Audano M, Mitro N, Di Luca M, Marcello E, Cominetti MR. microRNA 221 Targets ADAM10 mRNA and is Downregulated in Alzheimer’s Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 61:113-123. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-170592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia R. Manzine
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvia Pelucchi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research and Child Health, Section of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Università di Firenze, Florence, Italy
| | - Maria A. Horst
- Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, MG, Brazil
| | - Francisco A.C. Vale
- Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Sofia C.I. Pavarini
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Matteo Audano
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Monica Di Luca
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Marcello
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Márcia R. Cominetti
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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20
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Wojsiat J, Laskowska-Kaszub K, Mietelska-Porowska A, Wojda U. Search for Alzheimer's disease biomarkers in blood cells: hypotheses-driven approach. Biomark Med 2017; 11:917-931. [PMID: 28976776 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2017-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Current Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnostics is based on cognitive testing, and detecting amyloid Aβ and τ pathology by brain imaging and assays of cerebrospinal fluid. However, biomarkers identifying complex pathways contributing to pathology are lacking, especially for early AD. Preferably, such biomarkers should be more cost-effective and present in easily available diagnostic tissues, such as blood. Here, we summarize the recent findings of potential early AD molecular diagnostic biomarkers in blood platelets, lymphocytes and erythrocytes. We review molecular alterations which refer to such main hypotheses of AD pathogenesis as amyloid cascade, oxidative and mitochondrial stress, inflammation and alterations in cell cycle regulatory molecules. The major advantage of such biomarkers is the potential ability to indicate individualized therapies in AD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Wojsiat
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Pasteur 3 St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Laskowska-Kaszub
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Pasteur 3 St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Mietelska-Porowska
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Pasteur 3 St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Wojda
- Laboratory of Preclinical Testing of Higher Standard, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Pasteur 3 St., 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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Marcello E, Borroni B, Pelucchi S, Gardoni F, Di Luca M. ADAM10 as a therapeutic target for brain diseases: from developmental disorders to Alzheimer's disease. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:1017-1026. [PMID: 28960088 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1386176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the central nervous system a disintegrin and metalloproteinase 10 (ADAM10) controls several functions such as neurodevelopment, synaptic plasticity and dendritic spine morphology thanks to its activity towards a high number of substrates, including the synaptic cell adhesion molecules as the Amyloid Precursor Protein, N-cadherin, Notch and Ephrins. In particular, ADAM10 plays a key role in the modulation of the molecular mechanisms responsible for dendritic spine formation, maturation and stabilization and in the regulation of the molecular organization of the glutamatergic synapse. Consequently, an alteration of ADAM10 activity is strictly correlated to the onset of different types of synaptopathies, ranging from neurodevelopmental disorders, i.e. autism spectrum disorders, to neurodegenerative diseases, i.e. Alzheimer's Disease. Areas covered: We describe the most recent discoveries in understanding of the role of ADAM10 activity at the glutamatergic excitatory synapse and its involvement in the onset of neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disorders. Expert opinion: A progress in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms driving ADAM10 activity at synapses and its alterations in brain disorders is the first step before designing a specific drug able to modulate ADAM10 activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Marcello
- a Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
| | - Barbara Borroni
- b Neurology Unit, Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences , University of Brescia , Brescia , Italy
| | - Silvia Pelucchi
- a Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy.,c Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Drug Research, and Child Health , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Fabrizio Gardoni
- a Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
| | - Monica Di Luca
- a Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences , Università degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy
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22
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Zhu X, Suk HI, Huang H, Shen D. Low-Rank Graph-Regularized Structured Sparse Regression for Identifying Genetic Biomarkers. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIG DATA 2017; 3:405-414. [PMID: 29725610 PMCID: PMC5929142 DOI: 10.1109/tbdata.2017.2735991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a novel sparse regression method for Brain-Wide and Genome-Wide association study. Specifically, we impose a low-rank constraint on the weight coefficient matrix and then decompose it into two low-rank matrices, which find relationships in genetic features and in brain imaging features, respectively. We also introduce a sparse acyclic digraph with sparsity-inducing penalty to take further into account the correlations among the genetic variables, by which it can be possible to identify the representative SNPs that are highly associated with the brain imaging features. We optimize our objective function by jointly tackling low-rank regression and variable selection in a framework. In our method, the low-rank constraint allows us to conduct variable selection with the low-rank representations of the data; the learned low-sparsity weight coefficients allow discarding unimportant variables at the end. The experimental results on the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) dataset showed that the proposed method could select the important SNPs to more accurately estimate the brain imaging features than the state-of-the-art methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Zhu
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, and also with the Guangxi Key Lab of Multi-source Information Mining & Security, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin, Guangxi 541000, China
| | - Heung-Il Suk
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Heng Huang
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Dinggang Shen
- Department of Radiology and BRIC, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, and also with the Department of Brain and Cognitive Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
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Schuck F, Wolf D, Fellgiebel A, Endres K. Increase of α-Secretase ADAM10 in Platelets Along Cognitively Healthy Aging. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 50:817-26. [PMID: 26757187 DOI: 10.3233/jad-150737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
ADAM10 is one of the key players in ectodomain-shedding of the amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP). Previous research with postmortem tissue has shown reduced expression and activity of ADAM10 within the central nervous system (CNS) of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Determination of cerebral ADAM10 in living humans is hampered by its transmembrane property; only the physiological AβPP cleavage product generated by ADAM10, sAβPPα, can be assessed in cerebrospinal fluid. Establishment of surrogate markers in easily accessible material therefore is crucial. It has been demonstrated that ADAM10 is expressed in platelets and that platelet amount is decreased in AD patients. Just recently it has been shown that platelet ADAM10 and cognitive performance of AD patients positively correlate. In contrast to AD patients, to our knowledge almost no information has been published regarding ADAM10 expression during normal aging. We investigated ADAM10 amount and activity in platelets of cognitively healthy individuals from three different age groups ranging from 22-85 years. Interestingly, we observed an age-dependent increase in ADAM10 levels and activity in platelets.
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Serotoninergic antidepressants positively affect platelet ADAM10 expression in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Int Psychogeriatr 2016; 28:939-44. [PMID: 26555131 DOI: 10.1017/s1041610215001842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have demonstrated a decreased platelet ADAM10 expression in patients with Alzheimer's Disease (AD), classifying this protein as a blood-based AD biomarker. About 50% of the patients with AD are diagnosed with depression, which is commonly treated with tricyclic and tetracyclic antidepressants, monoaminoxidade (MAO) inhibitors and, more preferably, with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Considering that a large proportion of patients with AD takes antidepressant medications during the course of the disease we investigated the influence of this medication on the expression of platelet ADAM10, which is considered the main α-secretase preventing beta-amyloid (βA) formation. METHODS Blood was collected for protein extraction from platelets. ADAM10 was analyzed by using western blotting and reactive bands were measured using β-actin as endogenous control. RESULTS Platelet ADAM10 protein expression in patients with AD was positively influenced by serotoninergic medication. CONCLUSION More studies on the positive effects of serotonergic antidepressants on ADAM10 platelet expression should be performed in order to understand its biological mechanisms and to verify whether these effects are reflected in the central nervous system. This work represents an important advance for the study of AD biomarkers, as well as for more effective pharmacological treatment of patients with AD and associated depression.
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