1
|
Maximiano-Barreto MA, Luchesi BM, Matias M, Chagas MHN. Effects of empathy training on psychological concerns and empathy in caregivers of older people: A randomized, double-blind, crossover, clinical trial with follow-up. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 57:1-10. [PMID: 38452492 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of empathy training on psychological concerns and empathy in caregivers of older people. METHODS A randomized, double-blind, crossover, clinical trial with follow-up was conducted online. Thirty paid and unpaid caregivers of older people from different regions of Brazil participated in an empathy training program. The caregivers answered a sociodemographic questionnaire and measures for the evaluation of empathy (affective and cognitive domains), burden, the impact of providing care as well as depressive symptoms and psychiatric symptoms before and immediately after training. Empathy and its domains were also assessed at three post-intervention follow-ups. RESULTS Empathy training diminished levels of psychological concerns. Moreover, an increase was found in levels of cognitive empathy 15, 30 and 60 days after the intervention. CONCLUSIONS Empathy training with a focus on cognitive empathy diminished psychological concerns in caregivers of older people and increased the levels of this ability over time. This intervention can be considered a coping strategy for negative impacts related to providing care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madson Alan Maximiano-Barreto
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Department of Psychology Center for Education and Human Sciences. Rodovia Washington Luís, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, km 235, São Carlos, SP CEP: 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Bruna Moretti Luchesi
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Department of Psychology Center for Education and Human Sciences. Rodovia Washington Luís, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, km 235, São Carlos, SP CEP: 13565-905, Brazil; Três Lagoas Campus, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Três Lagoas, MS, Brazil
| | - Marisa Matias
- Center for Psychology at University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Department of Psychology Center for Education and Human Sciences. Rodovia Washington Luís, Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar, km 235, São Carlos, SP CEP: 13565-905, Brazil; Neurociences and Behavioral Sciences Department, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maximiano-Barreto MA, Leal LR, Pessoa RMDP, Bomfim AJDL, Morais DD, Luchesi BM, Chagas MHN. Factors associated with happiness among community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review. Geriatr Nurs 2024; 56:124-137. [PMID: 38340433 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify factors associated with self-reported happiness among community-dwelling older adults. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was conducted. Searches were conducted in the PsycInfo, Web of Science, Scopus and Pubmed databases for relevant articles published in English, Spanish or Portuguese using the following search strategy and Boolean operators: (happiness*) AND (elder* OR (old adult*)). No restriction was imposed with regards to year of publication. This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42018107302). RESULTS Forty-six articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Economic, social and health-related factors were associated with happiness among community-dwelling older adults. The sociodemographic characteristics of older adults, such as the female sex, being married, an older age, a higher level of schooling and having a religion, were also associated with happiness. CONCLUSIONS The articles included in the present systematic review demonstrate that social, economic and health-related aspects have an association with happiness in community-dwelling older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lívio Rodrigues Leal
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Mendes de Paula Pessoa
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Julia de Lima Bomfim
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Daiene de Morais
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Moretti Luchesi
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Três Lagoas Campus, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Três Lagoas, MS, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil; Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chagas MHN, Nery AGS, Bomfim AJDL, Aggio NM. Development and validation of a brief digital cognitive test based on the paradigm of stimulus equivalence in a sample of older adults. Dement Neuropsychol 2023; 17:e20220050. [PMID: 38053644 PMCID: PMC10695439 DOI: 10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2022-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
With the technological advancement and democratization of electronic devices, computerized cognitive tests have been increasingly used in the clinical context to evaluate cognitive performance in individuals. Objective This study aimed to propose a brief digital cognitive test based on the paradigm of stimulus equivalence and assess its convergent validity by comparing it with traditionally applied tests. Methods The study was carried out with a non-probabilistic sample of 50 older adults selected from a public call through the communication media, health units, and day centers of a city in the countryside of São Paulo. Participants were assessed by the brief digital cognitive test, Mini-Mental State Examination, Brief Cognitive Screening Battery, and the Five Digit Test. Results Participants had a mean age of 71.23 years (standard deviation [SD]: ±9.36) and a mean of 7.15 years of schooling (SD: ±5.34). The mean time to answer the test was 5.33 minutes (SD: ±1.92). There were statistically significant correlations between traditional and digital tests in most domains evaluated. In addition, considering the total score of the digital test, the test could discriminate participants with and without cognitive impairment: area under the ROC curve=0.765; 95%CI 0.630-0.901. Conclusion The brief digital cognitive test, using the stimulus equivalence paradigm, is an easy-to-apply and valid instrument for the investigation of cognitive impairment in older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Grupo de Pesquisas em Saúde Mental, Cognição e Envelhecimento, São Carlos SP, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Mental, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil
| | - Andreza Gomes Spiller Nery
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Grupo de Pesquisas em Saúde Mental, Cognição e Envelhecimento, São Carlos SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Julia de Lima Bomfim
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Grupo de Pesquisas em Saúde Mental, Cognição e Envelhecimento, São Carlos SP, Brazil
- Universidade de São Paulo, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde Mental, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil
| | - Natalia Mario Aggio
- Universidade de Brasília, Departamento de Processos Psicológicos Básicos, Brasília DF, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pessoa RMDP, Maximiano-Barreto MA, Lambert L, Leite ÉDM, Chagas MHN. The frequency of psychotic symptoms in types of dementia: a systematic review. Dement Neuropsychol 2023; 17:e20220044. [PMID: 37223834 PMCID: PMC10202325 DOI: 10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2022-0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The frequency of psychotic symptoms in older adults is high, mainly in neurocognitive cognitions of the most varied etiologies. Objectives This study aimed to review the studies that analyze the frequency of the types of delusions, hallucinations, and misidentifications in dementia conditions of different etiologies. Methods A systematic review was conducted on August 9, 2021, in the PubMed, PsycInfo, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases with the following descriptors: (dementia OR alzheimer disease OR dementia with Lewy bodies OR frontotemporal dementia OR mixed dementia OR vascular dementia OR major neurocognitive disorder OR parkinson disease dementia) AND (psychotic symptoms OR psychosis OR hallucinations OR delusions OR psychopathology OR misidentification) AND (prevalence OR epidemiology). Results A total of 5,077 articles were found, with a final inclusion of 35. The overall frequency of psychotic symptoms ranged from 34 to 63% in dementia conditions of the most varied etiologies. Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents more delusions and hallucinations and has a higher frequency regarding the presence of misidentifications. On the contrary, Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) seems to present more hallucinations, even auditory, when compared to the other dementias, concomitantly with delusions. Vascular and frontotemporal dementia present fewer psychotic symptoms than DLB and AD. Conclusions We identified a gap in the literature on the description of the psychotic symptoms of dementia, mainly in those of non-AD etiologies. Studies that assess the neuropsychiatric symptoms of dementias deeply might contribute in a more definite manner to the causal diagnosis of dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Mendes de Paula Pessoa
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Neurociências e do Comportamento, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Saúde Mental, Cognição e Envelhecimento, São Carlos SP, Brazil
| | - Madson Alan Maximiano-Barreto
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Saúde Mental, Cognição e Envelhecimento, São Carlos SP, Brazil
| | | | - Érica Dayanne Meireles Leite
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Neurociências e do Comportamento, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Saúde Mental, Cognição e Envelhecimento, São Carlos SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Neurociências e do Comportamento, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Grupo de Estudos e Pesquisas em Saúde Mental, Cognição e Envelhecimento, São Carlos SP, Brazil
- Instituto Bairral de Psiquiatria, Itapira SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fabrício DDM, Ferreira BLC, Maximiano-Barreto MA, Muniz M, Chagas MHN. Construction of face databases for tasks to recognize facial expressions of basic emotions: a systematic review. Dement Neuropsychol 2022; 16:388-410. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-5764-dn-2022-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT. Recognizing the other's emotions is an important skill for the social context that can be modulated by variables such as gender, age, and race. A number of studies seek to elaborate specific face databases to assess the recognition of basic emotions in different contexts. Objectives: This systematic review sought to gather these studies, describing and comparing the methodologies used in their elaboration. Methods: The databases used to select the articles were the following: PubMed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, and Scopus. The following word crossing was used: “Facial expression database OR Stimulus set AND development OR Validation.” Results: A total of 36 articles showed that most of the studies used actors to express the emotions that were elicited from specific situations to generate the most spontaneous emotion possible. The databases were mainly composed of colorful and static stimuli. In addition, most of the studies sought to establish and describe patterns to record the stimuli, such as color of the garments used and background. The psychometric properties of the databases are also described. Conclusions: The data presented in this review point to the methodological heterogeneity among the studies. Nevertheless, we describe their patterns, contributing to the planning of new research studies that seek to create databases for new contexts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Monalisa Muniz
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brazil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brazil; Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto Bairral de Psiquiatria, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Maximiano-Barreto MA, Alves LCDS, Monteiro DQ, Gratão ACM, Pavarini SCI, Luchesi BM, Chagas MHN. Cultural factors associated with burden in unpaid caregivers of older adults: A systematic review. Health Soc Care Community 2022; 30:e3629-e3642. [PMID: 36069278 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.14003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present systematic review was to investigate cultural factors associated with burden in unpaid caregivers of older adults. Searches were conducted in the Pubmed, Web of Science, PsycInfo, Scopus, Embase, LILACs and SciELO databases for relevant articles published in English, Portuguese and Spanish using the search terms 'Caregiver AND Culture AND (Burnout OR Caregiver Burden) AND Aged'. No restriction was imposed regarding year of publication. A total of 1234 articles were identified, 34 of which were selected for the present review. The following sociodemographic characteristics were associated with burden: being female, married, White caregivers, young and the spouse of the care recipient; having no siblings; having low schooling and low economic status. Cultural factors associated with burden were living with the care recipient, not professing a religion or having little spirituality, familism (i.e. less reciprocity) and an absence of social support. The present findings underscore the importance of developing intervention strategies that consider cultural factors to minimise the negative impacts of care on unpaid caregivers of older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aline Cristina Martins Gratão
- Nursing Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Gerontology Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Sofia Cristina Iost Pavarini
- Nursing Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Gerontology Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Bruna Moretti Luchesi
- Três Lagoas Campus, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Três Lagoas, MS, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Psychology Department, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Bairral Institute of Psychiatry, Itapira, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Maximiano-Barreto MA, Bomfim AJDL, Borges MM, de Moura AB, Luchesi BM, Chagas MHN. Recognition of Facial Expressions of Emotion and Depressive Symptoms among Caregivers with Different Levels of Empathy. Clin Gerontol 2022; 45:1245-1252. [PMID: 34219607 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2021.1937426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess differences in the recognition of facial expressions of emotion among caregivers of older people with different levels of empathy. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 158 caregivers of older adults who provided care in family residences or nursing homes. The caregivers were divided into three groups based on the score of the multidimensional Interpersonal Reactivity Index: "lower empathy", "intermediate empathy", and "higher empathy". Data collection involved the administration of a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Emotion Recognition Test, and the Patient Health Questionnaire. RESULTS No significant differences were found among the groups in terms of sociodemographic variables. Regarding clinical characteristics, the "higher empathy" group had more depressive symptoms than the other groups (p = .001). Moreover, the "higher empathy" group exhibited greater accuracy at recognizing the expression of sadness than the "lower empathy" group (p = .033). The recognition of sadness remained significant in the analysis of variance adjusted for depressive symptoms (p < .05). CONCLUSIONS Caregivers with higher levels of empathy showed greater accuracy at recognizing sadness emotion compared to caregivers with lower levels of empathy. Additionally, caregivers with greater empathy have more depressive symptoms. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The recognition of facial expressions of sadness may give caregivers a skill to infer possible needs in older care recipients. However, a higher level of empathy may exert a negative psychological impact on caregivers of older people, which could have repercussions regarding the quality of care provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madson Alan Maximiano-Barreto
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.,Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition, and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ana Julia de Lima Bomfim
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition, and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.,Department of Neurocience and Behavior, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Marina Miranda Borges
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition, and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Amanda Barros de Moura
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition, and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Bruna Moretti Luchesi
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition, and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.,Undergraduate Course in Medicine and Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Três Lagoas, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.,Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition, and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.,Department of Neurocience and Behavior, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil.,Bairral Psychiatry Institute, Itapira, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Maximiano-Barreto MA, Ottaviani AC, Luchesi BM, Chagas MHN. Empathy Training for Caregivers of Older People: A Systematic Review. Clin Gerontol 2022:1-12. [PMID: 36148523 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2022.2127390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify empathy training models and the effects on psychological concerns in paid and unpaid caregivers of older people. METHODS A systematic review was conducted. Searches for relevant articles were performed in the Embase, LILACS, PsycInfo, Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science databases using the following search strategy: "Empathy AND (Education OR Training OR Intervention) AND Caregiver." No restrictions were imposed regarding language or year of publication. RESULTS Empathy training for caregivers of older people were performed in six studies, three of which identified a significant increase in empathy levels and consequent reduction in psychological concerns. Empathy training focused on aspects of empathy and/or the caregiver had significant effects on the outcome variables. Moreover, training conducted online, by telephone and/or in person can generate satisfactory results. The other three studies that conducted training with a focus on aspects of dementia and/or old age did not present any effect on the outcome variables. CONCLUSIONS Empathy training for caregivers of older people can increase levels of this ability, especially in the cognitive domain, as well as diminish psychological concerns caused by the negative impact of providing care. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Empathy training directed at empathic abilities and/or aspects of providing care can be effective at increasing levels of this ability. Moreover, training in different care contexts can minimize the negative impacts of providing care.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bruna Moretti Luchesi
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- Campus de Três Lagoas, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Três Lagoas, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- Bairral Institute of Psychiatry, Itapira, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Maximiano-Barreto MA, Fabrício DDM, de Moura AB, Brito TRPD, Luchesi BM, Chagas MHN. Relationship of burden with depressive symptoms, mental disorders and older adults' functional dependence: A study with paid and unpaid caregivers in Brazil. Health Soc Care Community 2022; 30:e1785-e1793. [PMID: 34655132 DOI: 10.1111/hsc.13607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to identify the relationship of burden with depressive symptoms, mental disorders and older adults' functional dependence in paid and unpaid caregivers. This is a quantitative and cross-sectional study, carried out in the inland of the state of São Paulo with 111 caregivers, 60 of whom were unpaid and 51 were paid. The caregivers answered a questionnaire for the assessment of sociodemographic and care characteristics, the Zarit Burden Inventory (ZBI), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Self-Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20), and the Functional Assessment Questionnaire (FAQ). Unpaid caregivers were older, married, have been providing care for a longer period of time, and devoted more days and hours per week to care when compared to paid caregivers. Depressive symptoms and mental disorders (non-psychotic) are related to the levels of burden in both paid and unpaid caregivers (p < 0.001). The care process causes harm such as burden, depressive symptoms, and mental disorders in paid and unpaid caregivers. Thus, it is important to think about coping strategies to minimize the psychological consequences of the care process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madson Alan Maximiano-Barreto
- Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Daiene de Morais Fabrício
- Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Amanda Barros de Moura
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Moretti Luchesi
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Três Lagoas, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- Bairral Institute of Psychiatry, Itapira, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Maximiano-Barreto MA, de Morais Fabrício D, de Lima Bomfim AJ, Luchesi BM, Chagas MHN. Psychological Concerns Associated with Empathy in Paid and Unpaid Caregivers of Older People: A Systematic Review. Clin Gerontol 2022:1-14. [PMID: 35726494 DOI: 10.1080/07317115.2022.2090879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Identify associations between psychological concerns and empathy (affective and cognitive domains) in paid and unpaid caregivers of older people. METHODS A systematic review of the literature was conducted. Searches were performed in the Pubmed, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Scopus and Embase databases using the search terms "Empathy," "Caregiver," "Depression," "Burnout," Anxiety", Caregiver Burden" and "Psychological Stresses" and the Boolean operators "AND" and "OR." No restrictions were imposed regarding language or year of publication. This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021267276). RESULTS Twelve articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the present review. Most studies involved the participation of unpaid caregivers. Higher levels of empathy were associated with greater psychological concerns. Regarding affective empathy, direct associations were found with depressive symptoms, anxiety and stress. In contrast, high levels of cognitive empathy were associated with fewer depressive symptoms as well as less stress and burnout syndrome. CONCLUSIONS An association was found between greater affective empathy and psychological impairment in caregivers of older people. Higher levels of cognitive empathy can help minimize psychological concerns. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Working on empathic ability among caregivers of older people in different environments can contribute positively to the emotional impact of caregiving. Moreover, empathetic cognitive training among caregivers can serve as a strategy to minimize the negative consequences of the impact of caregiving.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Daiene de Morais Fabrício
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Ana Julia de Lima Bomfim
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Bruna Moretti Luchesi
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- Campus de Três Lagoas, Federal University of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Três Lagoas, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Bairral Institute of Psychiatry, Itapira, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Fallaci IV, Fabrício DDM, Alexandre TDS, Chagas MHN. Association between falls and cognitive performance among community-dwelling older people: a cross-sectional study. SAO PAULO MED J 2022; 140:422-429. [PMID: 35507999 PMCID: PMC9671243 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2021.0180.r1.15092021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Falls among older people have a negative impact on health and therefore constitute a public health problem. Cognitive decline can also accompany the aging process, and both conditions lead to significant increases in morbidity and mortality in this population. OBJECTIVE To analyze the cognitive performance of older people, classified as non-fallers, sporadic fallers and recurrent fallers, and investigate the relationship between falls and cognition. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional study conducted in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS Evaluations on 230 older people were conducted. They were divided into three groups: non-fallers, sporadic fallers (one fall) and recurrent fallers (two or more falls). The Mini-Mental State Examination, Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD), Brief Cognitive Screening Battery (BCSB), Cambridge Examination for Mental Disorders of the Elderly (CAMDEX) similarities subtest and digit span test were applied. RESULTS In multinomial logistic regression, being a recurrent faller was significantly associated with lower scores in the CERAD word list (odds ratio, OR = 0.92; 95% confidence interval, CI, 0.86-0.98; P = 0.01), in CERAD constructive praxis (OR = 0.88; 95% CI, 0.79-0.98; P = 0.02), in BCSB figure list memory (OR = 0.94; 95% CI, 0.89-0.99; P = 0.02) and in verbal fluency (OR = 0.89; 95% CI, 0.81-0.97; P = 0.01). Recurrent fallers also had lower scores in these same tests, compared with sporadic fallers. CONCLUSION Cognitive impairment, especially in the domains of memory and executive functioning, can influence occurrences of recurrent falls.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Vittoria Fallaci
- BSc. Gerontologist, Department of Gerontology, Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos (SP), Brazil.
| | - Daiene de Morais Fabrício
- MSc. Gerontologist and Doctoral Student, Department of Gerontology, Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos (SP), Brazil.
| | - Tiago da Silva Alexandre
- PhD. Physiotherapist and Associate Professor, Department of Gerontology, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos (SP), Brazil.
| | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- MD, PhD. Psychiatrist and Associate Professor, Department of Gerontology, Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos (SP), Brazil; Associate Professor, Department of Gerontology, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos (SP), Brazil; and Technical Director, Medical Residency Program on Psychiatry, Instituto Bairral de Psiquiatria, Itapira (SP), Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
de Oliveira DC, de Oliveira Máximo R, Ramírez PC, de Souza AF, Luiz MM, Delinocente MLB, Chagas MHN, Steptoe A, de Oliveira C, da Silva Alexandre T. Is slowness a better discriminator of disability than frailty in older adults? J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2021; 12:2069-2078. [PMID: 34590435 PMCID: PMC8718056 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The trajectory of incident disability that occurs simultaneously with changes in frailty status, as well as how much each frailty component contributes to this process in the different sexes, are unknown. The objective of this study is to analyse the trajectory of the incidence of disability on basic and instrumental activities of daily living (BADL and IADL) as a function of the frailty changes and their components by sex over time. METHODS Longitudinal analyses of 1522 and 1548 of the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing study participants without BADL and IADL disability, respectively, and without frailty at baseline. BADL and IADL were assessed using the Katz and Lawton Scales and frailty by phenotype at 4, 8, and 12 years of follow-up. Generalized mixed linear models were calculated for the incidence of BADL and IADL disability, as an outcome, using changes in the state of frailty and its components, as the exposure, by sex in models fully adjusted for sociodemographic, behavioural, biochemical, and clinical characteristics. RESULTS The mean age, at baseline, of the 1522 eligible individuals free of BADL and free of frailty was 68.1 ± 6.2 years (52.1% women) and of the 1548 individuals free IADL and free frailty was 68.1 ± 6.1 years (50.6% women). Women who became pre-frail had a higher risk of incidence of disability for BADL and IADL when compared with those who remained non-frail (P < 0.05). Men and women who became frail had a higher risk of incidence of disability regarding BADL and IADL when compared with those who remained non-frail (P < 0.05). Slowness was the only component capable of discriminating the incidence of disability regarding BADL and IADL when compared with those who remained without slowness (P < 0.05). Weakness and low physical activity level in men and exhaustion in women also discriminated the incidence of disability (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Slowness is the main warning sign of functional decline in older adults. As its evaluation is easy, fast, and accessible, screening for this frailty component should be prioritized in different clinical contexts so that rehabilitation strategies can be developed to avoid the onset of disability.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paula Camila Ramírez
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Federal University of Sao Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.,Escola de Fisioterapia, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colômbia
| | - Aline Fernanda de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Federal University of Sao Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Mariane Marques Luiz
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Federal University of Sao Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Postgraduate Program in Gerontology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.,Gerontology Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Andrew Steptoe
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College of London (UCL), London, England
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College of London (UCL), London, England
| | - Tiago da Silva Alexandre
- Postgraduate Program in Physical Therapy, Federal University of Sao Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Gerontology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.,Gerontology Department, Federal University of Sao Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.,Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College of London (UCL), London, England
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Borges MM, Bomfim AJDL, Chagas MHN. Depression and empathy in health professionals who work in the long-term care institutions for older adults. Dement Neuropsychol 2021; 15:381-386. [PMID: 34630927 PMCID: PMC8485649 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-030011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Empathy is an important factor to guarantee the quality of care provided in the long-term care institutions (LTCIs) for older adults, and depression is a factor that affects the health of the professional and, consequently, the care. Thus, it is important that studies are conducted on the relationship of these variables in this context.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Miranda Borges
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Universidade de São Paulo - Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.,Instituto Bairral de Psquiatria - Itapira, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Belgers V, Röttgering JG, Douw L, Klein M, van de Ven PM, Ket JCF, Bacher Svendsen K, Weber M, Lopez-Sendon J, Olde Rikkert MG, Chagas MHN, van Linde ME, Kouwenhoven MCM, de Witt Hamer PC. P12.07 The potential of cannabinoids to improve quality of life in glioma patients: A meta-analysis in patients with neurological and oncological disease. Neuro Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noab180.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Gliomas are primary brain tumors with a dismal prognosis. Reducing symptoms and maintaining quality of life (QoL) are main treatment aims in glioma patients. Mental well-being is an important subdomain of QoL. Cannabinoids have been suggested to alleviate frequently experienced symptoms of reduced mental well-being such as anxiety or depression. Glioma patients frequently report unprescribed cannabinoid use for these reasons. We performed a meta-analysis of the current evidence on cannabinoid efficacy on QoL and mental well-being to identify its added value in treatment of glioma patients.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
We performed a systematic PubMed, Embase and Web of Science search according to the PRISMA guidelines on September 22nd and 23rd, 2020. The effects of any dose of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) or cannabidiol (CBD) on both general QoL and mental well-being were evaluated. The intervention had to be given for at least a week to establish a steady-state concentration. Effect size was calculated using Hedges g. Risk of bias of included studies was assessed using Cochrane’s Risk of Bias tool 2.0.
RESULTS
We retrieved no publications on cannabinoids use and QoL in glioma and, therefore, we expanded the search to cannabinoid use in other cancer types and chronic central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Sixteen studies were identified: four in cancer and twelve in CNS disease. Meta-analysis showed no effect of cannabinoids on general QoL (twelve studies in 1,740 patients; g = -0.02, 95% CI -0.11 to 0.07, p = 0.65) and mental well-being (twelve studies in 1,587 patients; g = -0.00, 95% CI -0.15 to 0.14, p = 0.96). Risk of bias was low in five studies, raised some concern in one study and was high in ten studies, mainly due to possible unblinding of patients after psychoactive adverse effects.
CONCLUSION
No studies on the effects of cannabinoids on QoL in glioma patients have been reported. A pooled analysis of studies in oncological patients and patients with CNS disease showed no effect of cannabinoids on QoL or mental well-being. However, studies were clinically heterogeneous and only one small study investigated monotherapy CBD with undecided results. As many glioma patients currently use cannabinoids, and monotherapy CBD has not been sufficiently investigated, future studies are necessary to evaluate its value in this specific population.
SUPPORT/DISCLOSURE
This meta-analysis has been funded by The Anita Veldman Foundation (CCA-2019-2-21).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Belgers
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J G Röttgering
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - L Douw
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M Klein
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - P M van de Ven
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J C F Ket
- Medical Library, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - M Weber
- Neuromuscular Diseases Center/ALS Clinic, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - J Lopez-Sendon
- Department of Neurology, Hospital Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Madrid, Spain
| | - M G Olde Rikkert
- Departments of Geriatric Medicine/Radboudumc Alzheimer Centre, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - M H N Chagas
- Department of Gerontology, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Paul Carloso, Brazil
| | - M E van Linde
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - M C M Kouwenhoven
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - P C de Witt Hamer
- Brain Tumor Center Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Maximiano-Barreto MA, Moretti Luchesi B, de Moura AB, Pavarini SCI, Chagas MHN. What factors are associated with affective and cognitive empathy in informal and formal caregivers of older people? Australas J Ageing 2021; 41:50-58. [PMID: 33884711 DOI: 10.1111/ajag.12959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse factors associated with affective and cognitive empathy in informal and formal caregivers of older people. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted with 111 formal and informal caregivers divided into three groups (lower, intermediate and higher empathy) based on the Multidimensional Interpersonal Reactivity Index score (total, affective and cognitive empathy). A sociodemographic questionnaire, the Zarit Burden Inventory, Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Functional Assessment Questionnaire were applied. RESULTS The participants were predominantly women (91%), and median [IQR] age was 46 [33-57] years. In the multinomial regression analysis being an informal caregiver, being older and having depressive symptoms were associated with higher levels of empathy (total score and the affective domain). No associations were found for the cognitive domain. CONCLUSION A high level of empathy, especially affective empathy, was associated with depressive symptoms, older age and being an informal caregiver. Family relationships and the lack of training among informal caregivers should be explored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruna Moretti Luchesi
- Undergraduate Course in Medicine and Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Psychology Department, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.,Gerontology Department, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.,Bairral Institute of Psychiatry, Itapira, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Luchesi BM, Melo BRDS, Balderrama P, Gratão ACM, Chagas MHN, Pavarini SCI, Martins TCR. Prevalence of risk factors for dementia in middle- and older- aged people registered in Primary Health Care. Dement Neuropsychol 2021; 15:239-247. [PMID: 34345366 PMCID: PMC8283878 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/06/2022] Open
Abstract
It is important to assess the prevalence of risk factors for dementia to slow down the progression and evolution of the disease, and to support interventions and prevention programs. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of these factors in individuals registered in Primary Health Care in Brazil and their relationship with sex and age group. METHODS This was a cross-sectional and quantitative study with n=300 individuals. We evaluated the prevalence of main risk factors (low education, hearing loss, high blood pressure, obesity, smoking, depression, physical inactivity, social isolation, and diabetes mellitus) and others (poor diet, alcohol use, head trauma, monolingualism, visual impairment, and sleep disorders) identified in the literature. Poisson regression was used, according to sex and age group (45-59 years/60+ years). RESULTS The main risk factors with the highest prevalence were physical inactivity (60.3%) and depressive symptoms and hypertension (56.7% each). Among the other factors, monolingualism (98.0%), visual impairment (84.7%), and irregular consumption of fruits (60.4%), and vegetables (53.5%) prevailed. No differences were identified between sexes. The regression analysis confirmed a significant difference for education and age group, with older individuals having a higher prevalence of low schooling. CONCLUSION The results can guide interventions, especially in developing countries. Practice of physical activity and healthy eating should be the focus of these interventions as they can indirectly help in reducing the prevalence of other factors. Early identification, screening and adequate treatment of depressive symptoms, high blood pressure and visual impairment can also contribute to reducing the prevalence of dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Moretti Luchesi
- Undergraduate Medical School, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus de Três Lagoas - Três Lagoas, MS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nursing, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus de Três Lagoas - Três Lagoas, MS, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila Balderrama
- Undergraduate Medical School, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus de Três Lagoas - Três Lagoas, MS, Brazil
| | - Aline Cristina Martins Gratão
- Graduate Program in Nursing, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Gerontology, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Graduate Program in Gerontology, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Bairral Institute of Psychiatry - Itapira, SP, Brazil
| | - Sofia Cristina Iost Pavarini
- Graduate Program in Nursing, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Gerontology, Universidade Federal de São Carlos - São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Carvalho Reis Martins
- Undergraduate Medical School, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus de Três Lagoas - Três Lagoas, MS, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Nursing, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus de Três Lagoas - Três Lagoas, MS, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sobreira-Neto MA, Pena-Pereira MA, Sobreira EST, Chagas MHN, Almeida CMOD, Fernandes RMF, Tumas V, Eckeli AL. Is restless legs syndrome in Parkinson disease patients associated with any specific factor? Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2021; 79:38-43. [PMID: 33656110 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x-anp-2020-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Restless legs syndrome or Willis-Ekbom disease is a disorder characterized by unpleasant sensations associated with the need to mobilize the lower limbs. In Parkinson disease patients, restless legs syndrome is associated with worse quality of life and excessive sleepiness. Regarding other factors, results of different studies are controversial. OBJECTIVE To determine the factors associated with the restless legs syndrome presence in Parkinson disease patients. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in 88 consecutive Parkinson disease patients from the outpatient clinic for 21 months. Participants underwent a clinical interview, assessment based on standardized scales (Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Parkinson Disease Questionnaire - 39, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group rating scale), and video-polysomnography. RESULTS Out of the 88 participants, 25 had restless legs syndrome. In the multivariate analysis, restless legs syndrome in Parkinson disease has been associated with the symptom of smell loss and quality of sleep and life. In the univariate analysis, restless legs syndrome in Parkinson disease has occurred more frequently in women with higher frequency of insomnia, constipation, and anosmia than in the group without restless legs syndrome. CONCLUSION Restless legs syndrome is a prevalent condition in patients with Parkinson disease and is associated with specific characteristics in this group of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Fortaleza CE, Brazil.,Universidade Unichristus, Fortaleza CE, Brazil
| | - Márcio Alexandre Pena-Pereira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil
| | - Emmanuelle Silva Tavares Sobreira
- Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Clínica Médica, Fortaleza CE, Brazil.,Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil
| | | | | | - Regina Maria França Fernandes
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor Tumas
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil
| | - Alan Luiz Eckeli
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências, Ribeirão Preto SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Vatanabe IP, Pedroso RV, Manzine PR, Chagas MHN, de Morais Fabrício D, Grigoli MM, Naves MA, Pott-Jr H, Cominetti MR. ADAM10: Biomarker of mild cognitive impairment but not of cognitive frailty. Exp Gerontol 2021; 149:111303. [PMID: 33675901 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) associated with physical frailty gave rise to the new concept of cognitive frailty. Previous studies have suggested that MCI may represent a condition that precedes Alzheimer's disease (AD), in view of its higher conversion rate to dementia, when compared with the conversion rate of cognitively healthy older adults. Therefore, and considering that MCI represents a reversible condition, the identification of biomarkers for this condition is imperative to early diagnosis. Accordingly, this study aimed to assess whether the platelet and plasma levels of ADAM10 could be related with the concomitant conditions of MCI and physical frailty, in order to support a new blood-based biomarker for the construct of cognitive frailty. Sixty-one adults aged 60 years or older participated in this study. The results showed that ADAM10 levels are reduced in platelets (p < 0.05) and increased in plasma (p < 0.05) of older adults with MCI compared to healthy controls, regardless of the physical frailty condition. The analysis of the ROC curve of ADAM10 in platelets showed sensitivity and specificity of 72.7 and 73.9%, respectively, to correct differentiate between participants with preserved cognition from those with MCI. For plasma samples, ADAM10 presented 62.5 and 90.0%, sensitivity and specificity respectively, to differentiate the aforementioned conditions. Together with other clinical criteria blood ADAM10 could be a relevant, low-invasive, low-cost and fast processing biomarker tool to help in the early and accurate diagnosis of MCI, however this marker was not able to identify cognitive frailty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Pereira Vatanabe
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Renata Valle Pedroso
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Patricia Regina Manzine
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Daiene de Morais Fabrício
- Department of Psychology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Marina Mantellatto Grigoli
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Marina Araújo Naves
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Henrique Pott-Jr
- Deparment of Medicine, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Marcia Regina Cominetti
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Rod. Washignton Luis, Km 235, Monjolinho, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pavarini SCI, Ottaviani AC, Bregola AG, Fraga FJ, Chagas MHN, Oliveira NAD, Brito TRPD. Association between perceived social support and better cognitive performance among caregivers and non-caregivers. Rev Bras Enferm 2021; 74:e20200329. [PMID: 33624689 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2020-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to identify the association between the characteristics of the support network and cognitive performance of older caregivers and compare characteristics between caregivers and non-caregivers. METHODS we evaluated 85 older caregivers and 84 older non-caregivers registered with primary care units regarding sociodemographic characteristics, cognition, and social support. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed. RESULTS among non-caregivers, significant associations were found between a better cognitive performance and receiving emotional/affectionate support; each one-point increase in the emotional support score and affectionate support score was related to a 0.43-point and 0.39-point increase in cognitive assessment, respectively. Among older caregivers, each one-point increase in the emotional support score was related to a 0.55-point increase in cognitive assessment. CONCLUSION strengthening the support networks of older caregivers and encouraging satisfactory exchanges of social support can assist in improving cognitive performance, which can have a positive impact on caregivers' health.
Collapse
|
20
|
Delinocente MLB, de Carvalho DHT, Máximo RDO, Chagas MHN, Santos JLF, Duarte YADO, Steptoe A, de Oliveira C, Alexandre TDS. Accuracy of different handgrip values to identify mobility limitation in older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2021; 94:104347. [PMID: 33516976 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2021.104347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Mobility limitation is commonly the first sign of impaired physical function and predisposes older adults to disability. Moreover, recent epidemiological studies have classified neuromuscular strength as the best explanator of mobility limitation. However, existing cutoffs have not been adequately analyzed regarding accuracy. Therefore, our aims were to define and compare the accuracy of different cutoff points of handgrip strength for the identification of mobility limitation. METHODS Cross-sectional study with 5783 participants from the SABE (Saúde, Bem-Estar e Envelhecimento [Health, Wellbeing and Aging]) and ELSA (English Longitudinal Study of Ageing) cohorts aged 60 years or older. Handgrip strength was measured using a dynamometer. Walking speed <0.8 m/s was considered mobility limitation. Receiver operating characteristic curves and probabilities of presenting mobility limitation were calculated. RESULTS Handgrip strength <32 kg for men and <21 kg for women demonstrated good diagnostic accuracy for mobility limitation, with 49.1% sensitivity and 79.8% specificity for men and 58.6% sensitivity and 72.9% specificity for women. The fully adjusted models had an area under the curve of 0.82 for men and 0.83 for women, with odds of presenting mobility limitation of 1.88 [95% CI: 1.50 - 2.37] for men and 1.89 [95% CI: 1.57 - 2.27] for women. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study support the accuracy of handgrip strength as a clinical marker of mobility limitation. Furthermore, manual dynamometry is easily incorporated into clinical practice, has a good cost-benefit, besides being a simple, valid, reliable and effective method for use in both the scientific community and outpatient practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Post graduate program in Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil; Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | | | - Andrew Steptoe
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Cesar de Oliveira
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tiago da Silva Alexandre
- Post graduate program in Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil; Post graduate program in Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil; Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Bomfim AJDL, Chagas NMDS, Leal LR, Pessoa RMDP, Ferreira BLC, Chagas MHN. Cognitive performance of older adults with a low level of education with and without depression. Dement Neuropsychol 2021; 15:121-127. [PMID: 33907605 PMCID: PMC8049573 DOI: 10.1590/1980-57642021dn15-010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Major depression can develop in individuals aged 60 years or older and is commonly associated with cognitive decline in this population, especially the domains of working memory, attention, executive functions, and processing speed. Schooling is a protective factor with regard to cognitive decline. OBJECTIVE To compare the cognitive performance of community-dwelling older adults with a low level of schooling with and without major depression. METHODS A descriptive, analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted with 22 community-dwelling older adults with depression and 187 without depression. The following assessment tools were employed: Mini Mental Health Examination, Brief Cognitive Screening Battery, Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD), Digit Span Test (forward and backward), and an object similarity test. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found between the groups with and without depression on any of the tests. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that there are no differences in the cognitive performance of older people with and without depression on neurocognitive tests commonly used in clinical practice. Future studies with different designs and methods as well as specific tests for older people with a low level of schooling could assist in the understanding of these relations and the mechanisms involved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Julia de Lima Bomfim
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences,
Universidade de São Paulo – Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging,
Universidade Federal de São Carlos – São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Lívio Rodrigues Leal
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences,
Universidade de São Paulo – Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging,
Universidade Federal de São Carlos – São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Rebeca Mendes de Paula Pessoa
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences,
Universidade de São Paulo – Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging,
Universidade Federal de São Carlos – São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Bianca Letícia Cavalmoretti Ferreira
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences,
Universidade de São Paulo – Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging,
Universidade Federal de São Carlos – São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Department of Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences,
Universidade de São Paulo – Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
- Research Group on Mental Health, Cognition and Aging,
Universidade Federal de São Carlos – São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Bairral Institute of Psychiatry – Itapira, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pena-Pereira MA, Sobreira-Neto MA, Sobreira E, Chagas MHN, Oliveira DSD, Rodrigues GR, Souza CPD, Eckeli AL, Fernandes RMF, Tumas V. Validation of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder Screening Questionnaire (RBDSQ-BR). Arq Neuropsiquiatr 2020; 78:629-637. [PMID: 33146233 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20200125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A diagnosis of rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) currently requires confirmation with polysomnography (PSG). However, PSG may not be sufficiently available. In these situations, a clinical diagnostic measure might be useful. OBJECTIVE To validate the Brazilian Portuguese version of RBD screening questionnaire (RBDSQ) for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS Using detailed clinical interviews and PSG analysis (diagnostic gold standard), a convenience sample of 69 subjects was divided into the following subgroups: patients with PD and RBD (PD+RBD; n=50) and patients with PD alone (PD-RBD; n=19). RESULTS RBDSQ-BR showed adequate internal consistency (Cronbach's α=0.809) and, except for item 8, adequate item-test correlation. The retest performed in a second sample (n=13, consecutive) showed high agreement for total score (intraclass correlation coefficient, ICC=0.863) and acceptable agreement for items 2, 3, 6.2, 6.3, 7, and 8 (K>0.60). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis had an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.728. A cut-off score of 4 enabled the correct diagnosis of 76.8% subjects and provided the best balance between sensitivity (84%) and specificity (57.9%), with a 2.0 likelihood ratio of a positive result (LR+) and a 0.3 likelihood ratio of a negative result (LR-). Items 2 and 6.2 had 84.2% specificity and 3.2 LR+. Combined items 1+2+6.2, 2+6.1, and 6.1+6.2 increased the specificity to 94.7%, with LR+ ranging from 6.1 to 7.6. CONCLUSIONS RBDSQ-BR is a reliable instrument, which may be useful for RBD diagnosis of Brazilian patients with PD. The instrument is also valid and may help in a better selection of cases for a more detailed clinical evaluation or even PSG analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Márcio Alexandre Pena-Pereira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo SP, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Ceará, Faculdade de Medicina, Fortaleza CE, Brazil
| | - Emmanuelle Sobreira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo SP, Brazil.,Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, São Carlos SP, Brazil
| | - Daniel Sabino de Oliveira
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Riccioppo Rodrigues
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Carolina Pinto de Souza
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Alan Luiz Eckeli
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Regina Maria França Fernandes
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| | - Vitor Tumas
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Departamento de Neurociências e Ciências do Comportamento, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
de Faria SM, de Morais Fabrício D, Tumas V, Castro PC, Ponti MA, Hallak JE, Zuardi AW, Crippa JAS, Chagas MHN. Effects of acute cannabidiol administration on anxiety and tremors induced by a Simulated Public Speaking Test in patients with Parkinson's disease. J Psychopharmacol 2020; 34:189-196. [PMID: 31909680 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119895536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cannabidiol (CBD) is one of the main components of Cannabis sativa and has anxiolytic properties, but no study has been conducted to evaluate the effects of CBD on anxiety signs and symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to evaluate the impacts of acute CBD administration at a dose of 300 mg on anxiety measures and tremors induced by a Simulated Public Speaking Test (SPST) in individuals with PD. METHODS A randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover clinical trial was conducted. A total of 24 individuals with PD were included and underwent two experimental sessions within a 15-day interval. After taking CBD or a placebo, participants underwent the SPST. During the test, the following data were collected: heart rate, systemic blood pressure and tremor frequency and amplitude. In addition, the Visual Analog Mood Scales (VAMS) and Self-Statements during Public Speaking Scale were applied. Statistical analysis was performed by repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) while considering the drug, SPST phase and interactions between these variables. RESULTS There were statistically significant differences in the VAMS anxiety factor for the drug; CBD attenuated the anxiety experimentally induced by the SPST. Repeated-measures ANOVA showed significant differences in the drug for the variable related to tremor amplitude as recorded by the accelerometer. CONCLUSION Acute CBD administration at a dose of 300 mg decreased anxiety in patients with PD, and there was also decreased tremor amplitude in an anxiogenic situation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vitor Tumas
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Paula Costa Castro
- Department of Gerontology, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Moacir Antonelli Ponti
- Institute of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Jaime Ec Hallak
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Antonio W Zuardi
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - José Alexandre S Crippa
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
De Lima Bomfim AJ, Cavalmoretti Ferreira BL, Riccioppo Rodrigues G, Marques Pontes-Neto O, Nisihara Chagas MH. Lesion localization and performance on Theory of Mind tests in stroke survivors: a systematic review. ARCH CLIN PSYCHIAT 2020. [DOI: 10.15761/0101-60830000000250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
|
25
|
Sobreira-Neto MA, Pena-Pereira MA, Sobreira EST, Chagas MHN, de Almeida CMO, Fernandes RMF, Tumas V, Eckeli AL. Chronic Insomnia in Patients With Parkinson Disease: Which Associated Factors Are Relevant? J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2020; 33:22-27. [PMID: 31213118 DOI: 10.1177/0891988719856687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insomnia complaints are frequent in Parkinson disease (PD), affecting up to 55% of patients. Factors related to insomnia in PD are multifactorial and may be associated with the degenerative process of the disease, comorbidities related to aging, and medication use. The aim of this study is to determine the factors associated with the presence of chronic insomnia in patients with PD. METHOD A cross-sectional study was performed involving 63 consecutive patients with PD from an outpatient clinic. Participants underwent clinical interviews with neurologists and a psychiatrist and were assessed with standardized scales (Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and, for individuals with a diagnosis of restless legs syndrome(RLS)/Willis-Ekbom disease (WED), the International RLS/WED grading scale) and video-polysomnography. RESULTS The main factors associated with chronic insomnia in PD were the habit of staying in bed without sleeping, large rapid eye movement (REM) sleep latency, high Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores, and absence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). CONCLUSION Insomnia in PD is related to specific factors including inadequate sleep habits, REM sleep latency, absence of OSA, and quality of sleep.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.,Postgraduate Department, Unichristus University, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Márcio Alexandre Pena-Pereira
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emmanuelle Silva Tavares Sobreira
- Postgraduate Department, Unichristus University, Fortaleza, Brazil.,Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Regina Maria França Fernandes
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vitor Tumas
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan Luiz Eckeli
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Maximiano-Barreto MA, Luchesi BM, Chagas MHN. Implicit attitudes toward the elderly among health professionals and undergraduate students in the health field: a systematic review. Trends Psychiatry Psychother 2019; 41:415-421. [PMID: 31939592 DOI: 10.1590/2237-6089-2018-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review of articles evaluating implicit attitudes of health professionals and undergraduate students in the health field toward the elderly. METHODS The PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and LILACS databases were searched for relevant articles published in English, Portuguese and Spanish using the following search terms: implicit attitude AND (elderly OR aged OR older people). Seven articles were selected. RESULTS The majority of studies were conducted in developed countries and found negative attitudes toward the elderly, with males exhibiting more negative attitudes than females. CONCLUSION The articles analyzed in this review demonstrate an implicitly negative attitude among professionals and students in the field of health toward the elderly.
Collapse
|
27
|
Sobreira-Neto MA, Pena-Pereira MA, Sobreira EST, Chagas MHN, Almeida CMOD, Fernandes RMF, Tumas V, Eckeli AL. Obstructive sleep apnea and Parkinson's disease: characteristics and associated factors. Arq Neuro-Psiquiatr 2019; 77:609-616. [DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20190098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) occurs in up to 66% of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, higher than in the general population. Although it is more prevalent, the relationship between OSA and PD remains controversial, with some studies confirming and others denying the relationship of OSA with some risk factors and symptoms in patients with PD. Objective: To determine the factors associated with OSA in PD patients com DP. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed with 88 consecutive patients with PD from the outpatient clinic. Participants underwent clinical interviews with neurologists and a psychiatrist, assessment using standardized scales (Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and, for individuals with a diagnosis of restless legs syndrome/Willis-Ekbom disease, the International Restless Legs Syndrome Rating Scale), and video-polysomnography. Results: Individuals with PD and OSA were older and had less insomnia than those with PD without OSA. Regarding the polysomnographic variables, we observed a lower percentage of stage N3 sleep, a higher arousal index, and a higher oxygen desaturation index in those individuals with OSA, relative to those without OSA. In the multivariate analysis, only the percentage of stage N3 sleep and the oxygen desaturation index were significantly different. Besides this, most of the PD patients with OSA had a correlation with sleeping in the supine position (58% of OSA individuals). Conclusion: The PD patients showed a high prevalence of OSA, with the supine position exerting a significant influence on the OSA in these patients, and some factors that are associated with OSA in the general population did not seem to have a greater impact on PD patients.
Collapse
|
28
|
Barchi-Ferreira AM, Loureiro SR, Torres AR, da Silva TDA, Moreno AL, DeSousa DA, Chagas MHN, dos Santos RG, Machado-de-Souza JP, Chagas NMDS, Hallak JEC, Crippa JADS, Osório FL. Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5): cross-cultural adaptation and content validity in the Brazilian context. Trends Psychiatry Psychother 2019; 41:297-300. [DOI: 10.1590/2237-6089-2018-0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Objective To describe the process of cross-cultural adaptation of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) to the Brazilian context. Methods Cross-cultural adaptation involved the steps of independent translation of the instrument, synthesis version, and back-translation. Analysis of content validity was conducted by a multidisciplinary expert committee and consisted of quantitative assessment of agreement indicators. The test was then applied to a target population. Results All the steps required for a cross-cultural adaptation were followed and satisfactory agreement values (≥ 4.75) were reached for most of the structures assessed. Most of the changes suggested by the experts were followed; these changes consisted primarily of adjustments to verb tense and agreement and the inclusion of letters and words to allow gender inflection. In the pre-test, no suggestions were made and the instrument was considered comprehensible. Conclusion The Brazilian version of the PID-5 was found to be adequate to the Brazilian context from semantic, idiomatic, cultural, and conceptual perspectives. The Brazilian version assessed here can be freely used, was approved by the publishers who hold the copyright on the instrument, and is considered the official version of the instrument. New studies are underway to determine the validity and reliability of the PID-5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonia Regina Loureiro
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Flávia L. Osório
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Bomfim AJDL, Ribeiro RADS, Chagas MHN. Recognition of dynamic and static facial expressions of emotion among older adults with major depression. Trends Psychiatry Psychother 2019; 41:159-166. [PMID: 30942267 DOI: 10.1590/2237-6089-2018-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The recognition of facial expressions of emotion is essential to living in society. However, individuals with major depression tend to interpret information considered imprecise in a negative light, which can exert a direct effect on their capacity to decode social stimuli. OBJECTIVE To compare basic facial expression recognition skills during tasks with static and dynamic stimuli in older adults with and without major depression. METHODS Older adults were selected through a screening process for psychiatric disorders at a primary care service. Psychiatric evaluations were performed using criteria from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-5). Twenty-three adults with a diagnosis of depression and 23 older adults without a psychiatric diagnosis were asked to perform two facial emotion recognition tasks using static and dynamic stimuli. RESULTS Individuals with major depression demonstrated greater accuracy in recognizing sadness (p=0.023) and anger (p=0.024) during the task with static stimuli and less accuracy in recognizing happiness during the task with dynamic stimuli (p=0.020). The impairment was mainly related to the recognition of emotions of lower intensity. CONCLUSIONS The performance of older adults with depression in facial expression recognition tasks with static and dynamic stimuli differs from that of older adults without depression, with greater accuracy regarding negative emotions (sadness and anger) and lower accuracy regarding the recognition of happiness.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,Departamento de Gerontologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Faria SMD, Maximiano-Barreto MA, Morais DD, Chagas MHN. Impacto dos sintomas de ansiedade na qualidade de vida na doença de Parkinson: uma revisão sistemática. J bras psiquiatr 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/0047-2085000000224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: Revisar estudos relacionados ao impacto da ansiedade na qualidade de vida em pacientes com doença de Parkinson. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática realizada nos bancos de dados PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science e PsycINFO, com os descritores: “anxiety”, “Parkinson's disease” e “quality of life”. Foram selecionados 20 artigos publicados em inglês e sem limite de tempo. Resultado: A maioria dos estudos demonstrou correlação direta entre ansiedade e qualidade de vida em indivíduos com doença de Parkinson. Apenas dois estudos não encontraram essa associação. A presença de sintomas de ansiedade parece estar relacionada com a gravidade dos sintomas motores, sexo feminino e idade mais jovem, levando a um impacto maior na qualidade de vida. Conclusão: Os artigos analisados mostraram que a ansiedade tem impacto negativo sobre a qualidade de vida de indivíduos com doença de Parkinson.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Marcos Hortes Nisihara Chagas
- Universidade de São Paulo, Brasil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brasil; Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sobreira-Neto MA, Pena-Pereira MA, Sobreira EST, Chagas MHN, de Almeida CMO, Fernandes RMF, Tumas V, Eckeli AL. Factors related to excessive sleepiness in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Neurol Res 2018; 41:227-233. [DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2018.1548746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Vitor Tumas
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Alan Luiz Eckeli
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Luchesi BM, Chagas MHN, Brigola AG, Ottaviani AC, Souza ÉN, Rossetti ES, Terassi M, Oliveira NAD, Pavarini SCI. Living with the elderly is related to a better performance in the recognition of facial expressions of emotion among older individuals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/0101-60830000000164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Moretti Luchesi
- Federal University of São Carlos, Brazil; Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Rezende TFD, Bomfim AJDL, Chagas NMDS, Osório FDL, Chagas MHN. Convergent validity of the Brazilian version of the Theory of Mind Task Battery for the assessment of social cognition in older adults. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/0101-60830000000161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
34
|
Costa-Guarisco LP, Dalpubel D, Labanca L, Chagas MHN. Percepção da perda auditiva: utilização da escala subjetiva de faces para triagem auditiva em idosos. Ciênc saúde coletiva 2017; 22:3579-3588. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-812320172211.277872016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Resumo A presbiacusia é uma alteração prevalente na população idosa, porém subdiagnosticada, desta forma, é importante aprimorar instrumentos de triagem simples. A escala subjetiva de faces foi proposta como forma de avaliar a autopercepção auditiva do idoso e sua correlação com exames audiológicos. Foram avaliados todos os pacientes encaminhados para o serviço de audiologia de um centro de referência de atenção à saúde do idoso no período de fevereiro a novembro de 2013. Os pacientes foram examinados por meatoscopia, audiometria tonal e vocal e responderam a escala subjetiva de faces e o teste do sussurro. Participaram 164 idosos com média de idade de 77 anos. Encontrou-se boa correlação entre a escala subjetiva de faces e o limiar audiométrico (r = 0,66). Houve correspondência entre as faces e o grau da perda auditiva, sendo a face 1 correspondente a audição normal, face 2 a perda auditiva leve e face 3 a perda auditiva moderada grau I. Ao avaliar as qualidades psicométricas da escala subjetiva de faces, verificou-se que as faces 2 e 3 apresentam bons índices de sensibilidade e especificidade, com área sob a curva ROC de 0,81. A escala subjetiva de faces parece ser um bom instrumento complementar de triagem auditiva em serviços gerontológicos, de fácil aplicação e baixo custo.
Collapse
|
35
|
Sobreira-Neto MA, Pena-Pereira MA, Sobreira EST, Chagas MHN, Fernandes RMF, Tumas V, Eckeli AL. High Frequency of Sleep Disorders in Parkinson's Disease and Its Relationship with Quality of Life. Eur Neurol 2017; 78:330-337. [PMID: 29084403 DOI: 10.1159/000481939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the frequency of major sleep disorders in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), diagnosed according to the third international classification of sleep disorders, and assess the relationship of those disorders with the quality of life. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed involving 88 consecutive patients with PD from outpatient clinic. Participants were subjected to clinical interviews, assessment using standardized scales (Epworth Sleepiness Scale, PD Questionnaire, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and, for individuals with a diagnosis of RLS/WED, International RLS/WED grading scale), and video-polysomnography. RESULTS We observed sleep disorders in 96.5% of the participants, with REM-sleep behavior disorder found in 62.5%, obstructive sleep apnea in 62.5%, insomnia in 55.7%, and restless legs syndrome in 28.4%. We observed a correlation between health-related quality of life with the PSQI and the Epworth sleepiness scale. CONCLUSION Patients with PD have a high prevalence of sleep disorders. The quality of sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness significantly affect the quality of life in these individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manoel Alves Sobreira-Neto
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine of Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Fortaleza, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Vitor Tumas
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alan Luiz Eckeli
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Dias JC, Rodrigues IA, Casemiro FG, Monteiro DQ, Luchesi BM, Chagas MHN, Castro PC, Pavarini SCI, Gratão ACM. Effects of a Health Education program on cognition, mood and functional capacity. Rev Bras Enferm 2017; 70:814-821. [DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2016-0638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective: Assess the effect of a Health Education (HE) program on cognition, mood and functional capacity of participants in a University of The Third Age (U3A). Method: Controlled clinical trial. The HE Program consisted of 10 sessions with group dynamics, including orientations on disease prevention and cognitive stimulation exercises, lasting four months. Intervention Group (IG) n=13; and Control Group (CG) n=15. All were assessed at the start and end of the study, using Addenbrook´s Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R), Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventory (BDI/BAI) and Functional Independence Measure (FIM). Results: Significant improvements were observed for the IG when comparing the total ACE-R score (p=0.001) and memory domain (p=0.011) before and after the intervention. For the CG, improvement was found in the memory domain only (p=0.027). Conclusion: a HE intervention program benefits the improvement in cognitive performance, particularly the memory of adults and active elderly who participated in a U3A.
Collapse
|
37
|
Pessoa RMDP, Faria SMD, De Morais D, Chagas MHN. Da Demência ao Transtorno Neurocognitivo Maior: Aspectos Atuais / From Dementia to Major Neurocognitive Disorder: Current Aspects. Rev Cienc Saude 2016. [DOI: 10.21876/rcsfmit.v6i4.606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUÇÃOA demência (transtorno neurocognitivo maior) é uma síndrome clínica, que cursa com deterioração dos domínios cognitivos, alterações de comportamento e prejuízo funcional.¹ Com o envelhecimento da população, o número de casos de demência tem aumentado progressivamente, principalmente nos países de média e baixa renda, elevando os gastos do sistema de saúde, com cuidados e tratamento.2-4 Desta forma, medidas de detecção do transtorno em estágios iniciais, prevenção e tratamento poderiam ser úteis e importantes na tentativa de amenizar os prejuízos e diminuir o número de casos.5EpidemiologiaExiste um aumento rápido e significativo da população brasileira acima de 60 anos. Dados do último Censo do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística de 2010 mostraram que existem mais de 20 milhões de brasileiros com idade superior a 60 anos, o que corresponde a 10,8% da população. Este percentual é mais que o dobro considerando os últimos 40 anos e em número absoluto esta população aumentou mais que quatro vezes. É esperado que esta faixa da população continue crescendo, com o aumento progressivo da expectativa de vida. Concomitantemente, mesmo em um quadro otimista com a melhora do controle dos fatores de risco cardiovasculares e mudança do estilo de vida e, consequente, diminuição da prevalência de demência como tem ocorrido em alguns países da Europa, o número absoluto de casos deve crescer e muito com o rápido envelhecimento da população brasileira.A prevalência de demência na população acima de 65 anos varia entre 5 e 7%, com maiores valores (8,5%) encontrados na América Latina.3 Atualmente, existem mais de 30 milhões de pessoas com demência no mundo, 58% destas vivendo em países de baixa ou média renda como o Brasil, e estimativas apontam que este número pode duplicar em 20 anos.3-6
Collapse
|
38
|
Sobreira-Neto MA, Pena-Pereira MA, Sobreira EST, Chagas MHN, Tumas V, Fernandes RMF, Eckeli AL. Excessive fragmentary myoclonus in patients with Parkinson’s disease: prevalence and clinico-polysomnographic profile. Sleep Breath 2015; 19:997-1002. [DOI: 10.1007/s11325-014-1098-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
39
|
Linares IMP, Jackowski AP, Trzesniak CMF, Arrais KC, Chagas MHN, Sato JR, Santos AC, Hallak JEC, Zuardi AW, Nardi AE, Coimbra NC, Crippa JAS. Cortical thinning of the right anterior cingulate cortex in spider phobia: a magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy study. Brain Res 2014; 1576:35-42. [PMID: 24892191 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
There a lack of consistent neuroimaging data on specific phobia (SP) and a need to assess volumetric and metabolic differences in structures implicated in this condition. The aim of this study is investigate possible metabolic (via (1)H MRS) and cortical thickness abnormalities in spider-phobic patients compared to healthy volunteers. Participants were recruited via public advertisement and underwent clinical evaluations and MRI scans. The study started in 2010 and the investigators involved were not blind in respect to patient groupings. The study was conducted at the Ribeirão Preto Medical School University Hospital of the University of São Paulo, Brazil. Patients with spider phobia (n=19) were matched to 17 healthy volunteers with respect to age, education and socio-economic status. The spider SP group fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for spider phobia according to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV. None of the participants had a history of neurological, psychiatric or other relevant organic diseases, use of prescribed psychotropic medication or substance abuse. All imaging and spectroscopy data were collected with a 3 T MRI scanner equipped with 25 mT gradient coils in 30-minute scans. The Freesurfer image analysis package and LC Model software were used to analyze data. The hypothesis being tested was formulated before the data collection (neural correlates of SP would include the amygdala, insula, anterior cingulate gyrus and others). The results indicated the absence of metabolic alterations, but thinning of the right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in the SP group when compared to the healthy control group (mean cortical thickness±SD: SP=2.11±0.45 mm; HC=2.16±0.42 mm; t (34)=3.19, p=0.001 [-35.45, 71.00, -23.82]). In spectroscopy, the ratios between N-acetylaspartate and creatine and choline levels were measured. No significant effect or correlation was found between MRS metabolites and scores in the Spider Phobia Questionnaire and Beck Anxiety Inventory (p>0.05). The ACC is known to be related to the cognitive processing of fear and anxiety and to be linked with the conditioning circuit. The MRS findings are preliminary and need more studies. The finding of reduced ACC thickness in SP is in agreement with evidence from previous functional neuroimaging studies and highlights the importance of this brain area in the pathophysiology of SP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I M P Linares
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT, CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - A P Jackowski
- Laboratory of Interdisciplinary Neurosciences (LINC), Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C M F Trzesniak
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT, CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - K C Arrais
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT, CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M H N Chagas
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT, CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J R Sato
- Center of Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - A C Santos
- Department of Medical Clinic Department, Division of Radiology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J E C Hallak
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT, CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A W Zuardi
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT, CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A E Nardi
- Laboratory of Panic and Respiration, Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - N C Coimbra
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy & Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J A S Crippa
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, National Institute for Translational Medicine (INCT, CNPq), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Chagas MHN, Eckeli AL, Zuardi AW, Pena-Pereira MA, Sobreira-Neto MA, Sobreira ET, Camilo MR, Bergamaschi MM, Schenck CH, Hallak JEC, Tumas V, Crippa JAS. Cannabidiol can improve complex sleep-related behaviours associated with rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder in Parkinson's disease patients: a case series. J Clin Pharm Ther 2014; 39:564-6. [PMID: 24845114 DOI: 10.1111/jcpt.12179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE Cannabidiol (CBD) is the main non-psychotropic component of the Cannabis sativa plant. REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is a parasomnia characterized by the loss of muscle atonia during REM sleep associated with nightmares and active behaviour during dreaming. We have described the effects of CBD in RBD symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease. CASES SUMMARY Four patients treated with CBD had prompt and substantial reduction in the frequency of RBD-related events without side effects. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION This case series indicates that CBD is able to control the symptoms of RBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M H N Chagas
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; INCT Translational Medicine (CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Marchi KC, Chagas MHN, Tumas V, Miasso AI, Crippa JADS, Tirapelli CR. Adesão à medicação em pacientes com doença de Parkinson atendidos em ambulatório especializado. Ciênc saúde coletiva 2013; 18:855-62. [DOI: 10.1590/s1413-81232013000300031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2011] [Accepted: 11/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
A doença de Parkinson é universal, sendo a segunda doença neurodegenerativa mais comum em idosos e tem alta prevalência, afetando entre 0,5 e 1% da população com idade entre 65 e 69 anos. A adesão à terapia medicamentosa é considerada o principal determinante para a efetividade do tratamento, porém apenas recentemente vem sendo estudado em pacientes com doença de Parkinson. Trata-se de estudo transversal e descritivo que avaliou a adesão à terapia com levodopa em 112 pacientes com doença de Parkinson que frequentavam regularmente o ambulatório de distúrbios do movimento do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo utilizando o teste Morisky e Green e o instrumento que avalia atitudes frente à tomada dos remédios (IAAFTR). Dos pacientes entrevistados, 53% não apresentaram adesão ao tratamento e 52% não tomam a medicação no horário correto. Os pacientes devem ser orientados sobre a importância de ingerir sua medicação no horário correto, entendendo os benefícios que a adesão pode proporcionar estando cientes de que doses não tomadas, tomadas em excesso, ou em horários diferentes dos prescritos podem diminuir sua resposta ao tratamento, afetando negativamente sua evolução clínica e qualidade de vida, gerando maiores custos à saúde pública do país.
Collapse
|
42
|
Crippa JAS, Chagas MHN, Quevedo J, Hoexter MQ, Moriyama T, Salum GA, Fontenelle LF, Polanczyk GV, Fleck MP. On museums and scientific journals. Braz J Psychiatry 2012; 34:125-126. [PMID: 22729405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
|
43
|
Crippa JAS, Chagas MHN, Quevedo J, Hoexter MQ, Moriyama T, Salum GA, Fontenelle LF, Polanczyk GV, Fleck MP. On Museums and Scientific Journals. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-44462012000200001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
44
|
Fleck MP, Salum GA, Quevedo J, Kieling C, Hoexter MQ, Moriyama T, Chagas MHN, Fontenelle LF, Polanczyk GV, Crippa JAS. RBP Psychiatry: the crowning of an editorial policy. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-44462012000100002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
45
|
Valvassori SS, Elias G, de Souza B, Petronilho F, Dal-Pizzol F, Kapczinski F, Trzesniak C, Tumas V, Dursun S, Chagas MHN, Hallak JEC, Zuardi AW, Quevedo J, Crippa JAS. Effects of cannabidiol on amphetamine-induced oxidative stress generation in an animal model of mania. J Psychopharmacol 2011; 25:274-80. [PMID: 19939866 DOI: 10.1177/0269881109106925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cannabidiol (CBD), a Cannabis sativa constituent, may present a pharmacological profile similar to mood stabilizing drugs, in addition to anti-oxidative and neuroprotective properties. The present study aims to directly investigate the effects of CBD in an animal model of mania induced by D-amphetamine (D-AMPH). In the first model (reversal treatment), rats received saline or D-AMPH (2 mg/kg) once daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) for 14 days, and from the 8th to the 14th day, they were treated with saline or CBD (15, 30 or 60 mg/kg) i.p. twice a day. In the second model (prevention treatment), rats were pretreated with saline or CBD (15, 30, or 60 mg/kg) regime i.p. twice a day, and from the 8th to the 14th day, they also received saline or D-AMPH i.p. once daily. In the hippocampus CBD (15 mg/kg) reversed the d-AMPH-induced damage and increased (30 mg/kg) brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. In the second experiment, CBD (30 or 60 mg/kg) prevented the D-AMPH-induced formation of carbonyl group in the prefrontal cortex. In the hippocampus and striatum the D-AMPH-induced damage was prevented by CBD (15, 30 or 60 mg/kg). At both treatments CBD did not present any effect against d-AMPH-induced hyperactivity. In conclusion, we could not observe effects on locomotion, but CBD protect against d-AMPH-induced oxidative protein damage and increased BDNF levels in the reversal model and these effects vary depending on the brain regions evaluated and doses of CBD administered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samira S Valvassori
- Laboratório de Neurociências, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Unidade Acadêmica de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Criciúma, SC, Brasil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Meneses-Gaya C, Crippa JAS, Zuardi AW, Loureiro SR, Hallak JEC, Trzesniak C, Machado de Sousa JP, Chagas MHN, Souza RM, Martín-Santos R. The fast alcohol screening test (FAST) is as good as the AUDIT to screen alcohol use disorders. Subst Use Misuse 2010; 45:1542-57. [PMID: 20590374 DOI: 10.3109/10826081003682206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
This study was aimed at assessing the psychometric qualities of the fast alcohol screening test (FAST), and at comparing these qualities to those of the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT) in three samples of Brazilian adults: (i) subjects attended at an emergency department (530); (ii) patients from a psychosocial care center (40); and (iii) university students (429). The structured clinical interview for diagnosis (SCID)-IV was used as gold standard. The FAST demonstrated high test-retest and interrater reliability coefficients, as well as high predictive and concurrent validity values. The results attest the validity and reliability of the Brazilian version of the FAST for the screening of indicators of alcohol abuse and dependence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Meneses-Gaya
- São Paulo University, Neurosciences and Behavior, INCT Translational Medicine, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zuardi AW, Crippa JAS, Hallak JEC, Pinto JP, Chagas MHN, Rodrigues GGR, Dursun SM, Tumas V. Cannabidiol for the treatment of psychosis in Parkinson's disease. J Psychopharmacol 2009; 23:979-83. [PMID: 18801821 DOI: 10.1177/0269881108096519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The management of psychosis in Parkinson's disease (PD) has been considered a great challenge for clinicians and there is a need for new pharmacological intervention. Previously an antipsychotic and neuroprotective effect of Cannabidiol (CBD) has been suggested. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to directly evaluate for the first time, the efficacy, tolerability and safety of CBD on PD patients with psychotic symptoms. This was an open-label pilot study. Six consecutive outpatients (four men and two women) with the diagnosis of PD and who had psychosis for at least 3 months were selected for the study. All patients received CBD in flexible dose (started with an oral dose of 150 mg/day) for 4 weeks, in addition to their usual therapy. The psychotic symptoms evaluated by the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and the Parkinson Psychosis Questionnaire showed a significant decrease under CBD treatment. CBD did not worsen the motor function and decreased the total scores of the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale. No adverse effect was observed during the treatment. These preliminary data suggest that CBD may be effective, safe and well tolerated for the treatment of the psychosis in PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A W Zuardi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry and Medical Psychology, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
|