Evaluating the Effectiveness of a Training on Ergonomic Risks of Measuring Blood Pressure

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) occur as a result of long-term exposure to inappropriate working postures and repetitive use of body postures, leading to harmful consequences for patients, employees, and employers. Evaluating distinct working postures can contribute to effective interventions. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine ergonomic risks of MSDs during repeated blood pressure measurement processes and to evaluate the effectiveness of a training on this topic. Methods: A pretest/posttest quasi-experimental design studied 64 nurses in a training and research hospital in Turkey. Participants were evaluated for the prevalence and risk of MSDs using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire Extended Version and the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) Checklist, and by photographing them performing the procedure. Nurses with high risk for MSDs received an ergonomics training program and were followed up twice in 3 months. Results: Reduction in prevalence of MSDs in neck, shoulder, and hip/thigh areas, and in mean REBA scores after the training were statistically significant. Conclusion: Nurses should be trained about correct posture for specific high-risk activities that may cause MSDs, and offered exercise programs that support the musculoskeletal system.

Promoting Teachers' Social and Emotional Competence in Light of the Close Connection between Professional Role and Personal Characteristics: Preliminary Evidence of the Efficacy of the "ME4YOU" Training Program

Within the field of research on the promotion of teachers' social and emotional competence, the present paper illustrates preliminary evidence of the efficacy of a new training program named "ME4YOU" aimed at supporting teachers' self-reflexive competences to deal with the emotional and relational dimensions of teaching, with constant and continuous attention towards underlining the close connection between the way teachers perform as professionals at work and the way they function as individuals in their personal life. A total of 109 teachers from kindergarten to primary school took part in the experimental group, while 67 teachers constituted the control group; the two groups were compared using a pre-test/post-test approach with regard to some self-reported variables related to professional and personal aspects. Teachers in the experimental group exhibited increased levels of professional self-efficacy and self-efficacy as emotional socializers toward students' emotions; moreover-although with a more limited impact-they reported benefits with regard to their personal life (i.e., reduced denial of own emotions and improved authenticity). The findings are discussed highlighting that health promotion among teachers is both of value in itself and an investment that can generate health in the whole school system.

A mHealth application for the training of caregivers of children with developmental disorders in South Africa: rationale and initial piloting

Background

Evidence-based mobile health (mHealth) interventions have been successful for an array of physical and mental health conditions. Children with developmental disorders (DD) often have secondary speech and language disorders. The lack of high-quality medical and educational services in low- and middle-income countries limits the opportunities for children with DD to succeed in life. South Africa currently offers limited access to education, social, and health services.

Methods

Twelve caregivers of twelve children with DD between the ages of 3 and 6 years who already received monthly early childhood therapy participated in this study. A mHealth app, called Nna'Le'wena, a Setswana phrase meaning "Me and You", was designed, developed, installed, and tested on tablets. The app provided a systematic framework and guidance to the caregivers in order to use evidence-based communication interaction strategies with the children over a twelve-week period. The app could be used offline and provided audio instructions in English and Setswana, two dominant languages in South Africa. The app automatically generated log files and collected answers to weekly surveys. At the end of the study, caregivers were asked to evaluate the app by using relevant portions of the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS).

Results

Caregivers were able to successfully interact and use the app. The app was well-received and liked by the caregivers. Caregivers listened to the instructional audios in English and Setswana during the 12-week period. They were able to provide communication opportunities to their children during daily living activities, especially during play- and mealtime activities.

Conclusions

The Nna'Le'wena app was successfully deployed and used by caregivers of children with DD. mHealth solutions can be effective and are relatively affordable solutions that can enhance health care and educational delivery in different settings, including in low-and middle-income countries with limited Internet capabilities.

Emerging Health Care Leaders: Lessons From a Novel Leadership and Community-Building Program

Background

Although there are guidelines and ideas on how to improve public health education, translating innovative approaches into actual training programs remains challenging. In this article, we provide an overview of some initiatives that tried to put this into action in different parts of the world, and present the Emerging Health Care Leader (EHCL), a novel training program developed in Switzerland.

Policy Options and Recommendations

Looking at the experience of the EHCL, we propose policymakers and other interested stakeholders who wish to help reform public health education to support these initiatives not only through funding, but by valuing them through the integration of early career healthcare leaders in projects where their developing expertise can be practically applied.

Conclusion

By openly sharing the experiences, strengths, weaknesses, and lessons learned with the EHCL program, we aim to foster a transparent debate on how novel training programs in public health can be organised.

Implementing Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta in a Rural Level II Trauma Center

This study's purpose is to develop a low-cost implementation of Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta (REBOA) in a rural level-2 trauma center. Literature and training to this point have involved urban level-1 trauma centers. This study examines the effectiveness of an in-house training program on trauma patient outcomes by comparing data from a matched historical control group of pre-REBOA patients (n = 32) to the REBOA intervention group (n = 17). The REBOA group had a similar ED to OR LOS (1.45 vs 1.79 hrs, P = .346) and similar ED LOS (1.36 vs 2.21 hrs, P = .01) as the historical control group. Although the REBOA group had a higher transfusion volume (6235.06 vs 2268.75 milliliters, P = .005), survival bias could be a factor. Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta is considered a safe and affordable option for level-2 trauma centers without increasing complications or delaying time to the operating room.

Quality of Office-based Procedure Training During Laryngology Fellowship

OBJECTIVES

The primary objective was to assess the perspectives of recent laryngology fellowship graduates on office-based procedure training, with a secondary objective to compare this with previous research on perspectives of fellowship directors.

METHODS

Recent laryngology fellowship graduates were surveyed via an online survey platform regarding post-fellowship practice and various aspects of office-based procedure training, including perceived competence, mentorship, and barriers.

RESULTS

There were 51 respondents. Seventy-six percent of respondents felt they "definitely" received adequate office procedure training. Number of procedures as primary surgeon was significantly associated with perception of adequate training (OR 1.54, 95% CI: 1.08-2.19, p = 0.018) and high post-fellowship office procedure volume (OR 1.56, 95% CI: 1.02-2.39, p = 0.040). Fellows reported a lower percentage of procedures as primary surgeons compared with program directors (46.8% vs. 61.9%, p = 0.028). Fellows and directors agreed that informal debriefs were more commonly employed than more structured training elements such as checklists and simulators. Of nine office procedures, laryngeal electromyography, KTP laser, and transnasal esophagoscopy had the greatest decreases in practice after training.

CONCLUSION

Although most recent laryngology fellowship graduates endorse adequate office-based procedure training, a range of individual experiences exists, and office procedure volume, both overall and across individual procedures, may decrease after fellowship. Fellows performing office procedures as primary surgeons may be linked to perceived quality of training and post-fellowship volume.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

NA Laryngoscope, 134:1802-1806, 2024.

Implementation of a pharmacy technician career ladder and pharmacy technician training program

DISCLAIMER

In an effort to expedite the publication of articles, AJHP is posting manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.

PURPOSE

To describe the implementation of a pharmacy technician career ladder and internal technician training program at UF Health Shands Hospital in Gainesville, Florida.

SUMMARY

As the systems for providing care and receiving reimbursement become more complex, the ability to deliver comprehensive care in the most efficient and effective manner is critical. In order to maximize impact, pharmacists must practice at the top of their license. Recruitment and retention practices that support an optimized pharmacy technician workforce and continued expansion of technician roles are vital to advancement of pharmacy practice. This report describes the efforts to improve technician recruitment, professional development, and retention through the implementation of a technician career ladder and internal training program. The programs contributed to a reduction in technician rolling 12-month turnover rates from 26.72% in July 2015 to 13.1% in March 2023 (a reduction of 51%). Overtime hours as a percentage of total hours worked were reduced from 11.02% in July 2015 to 4.54% in March 2023 (a reduction of 59%). Improvements were noted in pharmacy technician job satisfaction, as evidenced by key employee engagement indicators including responses to the posed statement "Overall, I am a satisfied employee," with a mean score of 3.32 (on a scale of 0-5) in 2015 as compared to 4.2 in 2019 (a 21% increase).

CONCLUSION

Implementation of a pharmacy technician career ladder and technician training program creates a sustainable and effective recruitment and retention pathway that may favorably impact technician job satisfaction, turnover, and career development opportunities.

Oesophageal pressure monitoring in intubated patients by intensive care units' nurses: An educational study

BACKGROUND

Trained ICU nurses may perform oesophageal pressure measurements which may help facilitate its implementation in the usual patient care to better assess lung and chest wall mechanics and easily detect patient-ventilator asynchronies.

AIM AND STUDY DESIGN

We thus conducted a prospective educational study aiming to assess the ability of ICU nurses to perform reliable oesophageal pressure measurements after a short dedicated training program.

RESULTS

All the 11 nurses who completed the program succeeded their practical evaluation (nine (82%) at the first evaluation and two (18%) at their second attempt).

CONCLUSION

These results show that this training program is feasible and that trained ICU nurses can perform accurate oesophageal pressure measurements in mechanically ventilated patients.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE

Such training program may help to implement this technique in routine ICU care.

Implementation of a patient safety training program in radiation oncology residency: A pilot study

PURPOSE

An educational program using Radiation Oncology-Incident Learning System (RO-ILS) was developed to improve safety culture and training for radiation oncology (RO) residents.

METHODS

The program included a pre-training assessment, interactive training, integration of residents into quality assurance meetings, and a post-training assessment over a 3 month rotation.

RESULTS

Twelve residents completed the safety training program. Pre-training assessment mean scores (five-point scale) of experience with Incident Learning Systems (ILS), root-cause analysis (RCA), failure-mode and effect analysis (FMEA), safety training, and culture were 2.3, 2.8, 2.0, 4.0, and 4.4, respectively. Post-training assessment showed a significant increase in ILS 4.0 (p < 0.001), RCA 3.8 (p = 0.008), and FMEA 3.3 (p = 0.006) and safety culture (4.8, p = 0.043). Additionally, residents were anonymously surveyed ≥ 10 months after graduation to determine the long-term value of the program. The overall assessment from the graduated residents indicates that this education is valued by RO in many institutions. The majority of the residents are either currently utilizing or plan to utilize the information gained in this program in their new institutions.

CONCLUSIONS

We report a successful implementation of a safety training program in a RO residency with significant improvements in self-reported confidence with the concepts of ILS, RCA, and FMEA and an improved perception of safety culture. This program can be implemented across all residency programs.

Predictors of Running-Related Injury Among Recreational Runners: A Prospective Cohort Study of the Role of Perfectionism, Mental Toughness, and Passion in Running

BACKGROUND

The health benefits associated with recreational running are challenged by the occurrence of running-related injuries (RRIs). Effective preventive measures require knowledge of sport injury etiology. Psychological factors such as perfectionism, mental toughness, and passion are believed to predispose to sports injury by influencing training behaviors, motivation to run, and suppression of feelings of fatigue and pain. Yet their association with RRIs are understudied.

HYPOTHESIS

Perfectionism, mental toughness, and passion predict an increased risk of RRIs in recreational runners.

STUDY DESIGN

Prospective cohort study.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

Level 3.

METHODS

A total of 143 recreational runners (age 34.9 ± 13.9 years, 37% women) with a response rate of 76.5% answered an online questionnaire about their characteristics, running behaviors, and psychological variables (perfectionism, mental toughness, and running passion) as well as a sports injury survey. Then, as a primary outcome, RRIs were recorded biweekly for 6 months. The incidence of injuries was expressed as RRI per 1000 hours of running. The association between predictive factors and RRIs was estimated using logistic regression.

RESULTS

The incidence of RRIs during follow-up was 5.16 per 1000 hours of running. The knee was the location injured most often (26.4%), followed by the foot (18.9%) and lower leg (13.2%). Higher obsessive passion (OP) for running (odds ratio [OR], 1.11; 95% CI, 1.04-1.20) and perfectionistic concerns (OR, 1.22; CI,1.05-1.41) were associated with a greater risk of RRIs, as were previous injury (OR, 2.49; CI,1.10-5.70), weekly running distance (OR,1.10; CI, 1.03-1.16), and both supinated (OR, 4.51; CI, 1.11-18.30) and pronated (OR, 3.55; CI, 1.29-9.80) foot type. Following a running schedule (OR, 0.24; CI, 0.09-0.66) was associated with a lower risk of RRIs.

CONCLUSION

History of previous RRI, pronated and supinated foot type, weekly running distance, perfectionistic concerns, and OP increased RRI risk in recreational runners. Following a running schedule was a protective factor.

CLINICAL RELEVANCE

Multiple factors, including runners' psychological characteristics, predict RRIs. These findings can inform the development of injury risk management strategies.

Impact of training on awareness and Knowledge of Birth Defects among Community Health Workers in tribal district of Maharashtra, India

OBJECTIVE

Early identification, referrals and timely treatment is crucial to improve the outcome of Birth Defects (BDs). The role of Community Health Workers (CHWs) in India is largely fulfilled by Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) who can play an important role in community-based reporting and referrals of BDs in newborn. In the study area, ASHAs have been previously trained for identification of BDs under Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK); however, reporting through them was found to be sub-optimal.

METHODS

To strengthen the community based reporting of BDs through ASHAs, audio visual based training was provided to 1225 ASHAs in 6 tribal blocks of Palghar district in Maharashtra, India. The change in knowledge about BDs before and after training among 1023 participants was analyzed using paired sample t test & McNemar test.

RESULTS

Findings reveal a significant increase in the knowledge of participants with regards to prevention, risk factors and identification of BDs after intervention as compared to before intervention.

DISCUSSION

The study suggests that audio-visual based refresher training increased knowledge of ASHAs with respect to identification, prevention and risk factors of BDs which may eventually improve reporting and referrals of BDs at community level.

Optimizing schools of cytology: Discussions from the 2022 ASC/IAC Cytology Education Symposium, North American Strategies, and European Symbiosis

This report highlights information and outcomes from the November 2022 ASC/IAC joint Cytology Education Symposium, an annual conference organized by the Cytology Programs Review Committee. The manuscript provides information on shared educational opportunities and practices for cytology students and other learners in anatomic pathology, discusses recruitment strategies for schools of cytology, conveys teaching resources, introduces perspectives on virtual microscopy and online learning, and transmits information about wellness of students in schools of cytology.

Increased training load promotes sleep propensity and slow-wave sleep in endurance runners: Can a high-heat-capacity mattress topper modulate this effect?

The present study aimed to: (1) investigate sleep architecture in response to an overload training and taper periods among endurance runners; and (2) assess the sleep benefits of a high-heat-capacity mattress topper. Twenty-one trained male endurance runners performed a 2-week usual training regimen (baseline) followed by 2-week overload and taper periods. From overload to the end of the taper period, they were assigned into two groups based on the mattress topper used: high-heat-capacity mattress topper (n = 11) or low-heat-capacity mattress topper (n = 10). Training load was assessed daily using the session rating of perceived exertion. Following each period, sleep was monitored by polysomnography, and nocturnal core body temperature was recorded throughout the night. Irrespective of the group, awakening episodes > 5 min decreased following overload compared with baseline (-0.48, p = 0.05). Independently of mattress topper, each 100 A.U. increase in 7-day training load prior to polysomnographic recording was associated with higher slow-wave sleep proportion (β = +0.13%; p = 0.05), lower sleep-onset latency (β = -0.49 min; p = 0.05), and a reduction in the probability of transition from N1 sleep stage to wakefulness (β = -0.12%; p = 0.05). Sleeping on a high-heat-capacity mattress topper did not affect any sleep variable compared with a low-heat-capacity mattress topper. Increased training loads promote slow-wave sleep and sleep propensity, highlighting the adaptative nature of sleep to diurnal activity and the role of sleep in physiological recovery. Further studies are required on the potential benefits of high-heat-capacity mattress toppers on sleep architecture among athletes.

Trunk muscle activation in prone plank exercises with different body tilts

BACKGROUND

Body tilt changes could affect the intensity/difficulty of core stability exercises, but there is still a lack of knowledge about its impact.

OBJECTIVE

To analyse the trunk muscles activation during prone plank exercises at different body tilts.

METHODS

Twenty-four young adults who performed recreational gymnastic activities participated in this study. Electromyography activity of the rectus abdominis (RA), external oblique (EO), internal oblique (IO) and erector spinae (ES) was recorded during the performance of six variations of the prone plank exercise (planking with feet supported on the ground [conventional horizontal position] and planking with feet supported on wall bars at five different heights increasing the angle tilt) and an inverted position exercise.

RESULTS

The RA, EO and IO activation in all prone plank variations were higher than those observed in the conventional prone plank. In addition, the coefficient of variation of the muscle activation increased with the declination angle, reaching the highest values in the inverted position for the RA and ES muscles.

CONCLUSION

The results seem to indicate that the body tilt variation could be used as an easy and inexpensive strategy for modulating the neuromuscular demands and the motor control challenge during planking exercises.

A 10-week FIFA 11+ program improves the short-sprint and modified agility T-test performance in elite seven-a-side soccer players

Objective: The primary objective of this study was to assess the effects of 10 weeks of FIFA 11+ training on the physical performance of elite seven-a-side soccer players. Methods: Twenty-five seven-a-side soccer players were recruited from two senior national teams. The players completed the following protocols during 10 weeks of training: a) FIFA 11+: The FIFA group (n = 13) underwent the FIFA 11+ program combined with regular soccer training; b) Dynamic conventional warm-up: The control group (n = 12) underwent regular soccer training. Their ability was validated using a pre-test followed by a post-test to measure the sprint performance (5-, 10-, and 20-m sprints), a modified agility T-test (MAT), and a five-jump test (FJT). Results: A comparison of pre- and post-tests for physical performance in each group demonstrated that the FIFA 11+ warm-up significantly improved the 10-m sprinting performance (p = 0.034; F = 5.04; ηp 2 = 0.17) and reduced the time spent to perform the MAT (p = 0.000; F = 23.16; ηp 2 = 0.52) in the FIFA group compared with the control group; however, no significant changes were observed in the 5- and 20-m sprints and FJT. Conclusion: The main findings of this research showed that the 10-week FIFA 11+ program led to significant improvements in the 10-m sprint and MAT compared to regular training among elite seven-a-side soccer players. Given these positive outcomes, further studies on the practical implementation and optimization of the FIFA 11+ program are warranted to provide valuable guidance for coaches and athletes, seeking to maximize its benefits in real-world settings.

A novel internal training program using Kern's 6-step approach to curriculum development for medical laboratory scientists training to be international quality assurance/quality control coordinators

OBJECTIVE

Patient Safety Monitoring in International Laboratories (pSMILE) is a resource ensuring quality testing in clinical laboratories performing National Institutes of Health-funded HIV research requiring specific staff training. We demonstrate the development of an online asynchronous training model using Kern's 6-step approach to support pSMILE functions.

METHODS

An existing curriculum was revamped to incorporate Kern's approach. Metrics for success were described in rubrics with feedback guiding improvements and updates.

RESULTS

Curriculum updates took more than a year. Direct observations of skills informed curriculum changes. Module self-evaluations were reviewed to assess performance and the overall curriculum. The content, curriculum, and training documentation were deemed compliant with International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9001:2015.

CONCLUSION

Asynchronous training for highly skilled and self-directed staff is a novel way to deploy training while maintaining productivity of existing staff. Feedback and evaluation allowed for curriculum updates including previously underdeveloped topics. Kern's approach ensured that the needs of the sponsor, management, laboratories, and learners were met.

To assess the impact of training about hospital infection control measures related to hemodialysis services on the knowledge of healthcare providers (HCPs) at the teaching institution of Haryana

Background

Adequate knowledge among nursing professionals toward hospital infection control measures related to hemodialysis (HD) services is essential to decrease infection among patients.

Objective

This study assessed nursing professionals' knowledge about hospital infection control measures related to HD services and the effect of training interventions.

Settings and Designs

It was a single group, a pre-post-interventional study conducted on nursing professionals of a single apex medical college of Haryana.

Materials and Methods

A pretested questionnaire consisting of two parts was used as a study tool.

Statistical Analysis

Various statistical tests such as paired t-test and Pearson's correlation were used.

Results

The pre-intervention group had a lower mean knowledge score (mean knowledge = 90.2786, strongly disagree [SD] = 15.52682, standard error [SE] = 1.09518) and then the post-intervention mean knowledge score (mean knowledge = 137.5622, SD = 9.72252, SE = 0.68577).

Conclusions

The training program or educational intervention proved very useful for enhancing nursing professional's knowledge about hospital infection control measures related to HD services.

Effects of 12-Month Training Intervention on Physical Fitness, Body Composition, and Health Markers in Finnish Navy Soldiers

BACKGROUND

Most Western adults do not meet the recommendations for sufficient activity, and obesity is a global problem. Similar trends are also seen among Western military personnel. Many successful physical training interventions have been carried out in military environments, but the interventions have been quite short term, and the training has been supervised. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a 12-month voluntary motivational training intervention among the Finnish Defence Forces' (FDF) Navy soldiers.

METHODS

In total, 77 FDF Navy soldiers, serving in missile patrol boats, took part in the study. The intervention group (IG) contained 45 participants and the control group (CG) contained 32 participants. The IG was divided into four teams that carried out the intervention, while the CG took part in only the measurements.

RESULTS

Most of the participants (65%) in the IG reported that they had increased their exercise volume during the intervention, but no major beneficial impacts on the physical fitness, body composition, or health markers were observed. Nevertheless, there was a clear diversity visible between the subgroups in the IG. The team that reported the most exercise had the best motivation and the most motivated team coach and also had the most improved physical fitness and body composition results.

CONCLUSIONS

The present study points out that in military environments, long-term voluntary training interventions may not be as successful as short-term supervised interventions. The results also suggest that in voluntary training interventions among military personnel, the participants' motivation to exercise is a key factor when improving physical fitness.

Supporting and Uplifting New and Diverse Scientists in HIV Research (San Diego SUN): A Research Education and Training Program to Promote the Success of Black, Indigenous, and People of Color Predoctoral and Postdoctoral Fellows

BACKGROUND

We implemented a mentored research education and training program for underrepresented minorities (URMs) and Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC) predoctoral and postdoctoral fellows called San Diego SUN (SD SUN): Supporting and Uplifting New and Diverse Scientists in HIV Research. The SD SUN program aimed to prepare fellows for an academic career trajectory in HIV science focused on ameliorating HIV-related disparities in communities of color.

SETTING

The program leveraged a strong interinstitutional collaboration between San Diego State University and the University of California, San Diego, that share commitments to diversity, equity, and inclusion and an established history of training programs for URM/BIPOC investigators.

METHODS

During a 9-month training period, launched in February 2022, fellows supported by a mentoring team completed ten 3-hour training sessions (core curriculum) and a mentored research project. The curriculum included seminars on building skills for a productive academic research career and reflective discussions around issues uniquely faced by URM/BIPOC investigators. Standardized measures developed for Center for AIDS Research Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Pipeline Initiative (eg, around benefits gained) were used to evaluate the program.

RESULTS

Six fellows participated in the SD SUN program. The results demonstrated a successful first year. Fellows were highly engaged and reported positive experiences, satisfaction with their mentor(s), various benefits gained from the program, and gains in numerous skillsets.

CONCLUSIONS

Challenges were faced during implementation (eg, teaching grant writing to fellows at different skill levels). Time constraints were reported by some faculty mentors with limited bandwidth. We describe insights and solutions to the major challenges to sustaining the successful SD SUN program.

Effective training program for antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum disorder

OBJECTIVE

To develop and evaluate a training program for diagnosing placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) disorder in obstetrics/gynecology and radiology residents.

METHODS

This single-center prospective study was based on 177 ultrasound images of pathologically confirmed PAS extracted from 534 cases of placenta previa suspicious for PAS. First- to third-year residents were evaluated before training to assess experience and ability to diagnose PAS. They attended a principal lecture followed by weekly self-study exercises over 5 weeks. Post-course tests evaluated the efficacy of the training program for improving diagnosis of PAS after the program.

RESULTS

Twenty-three (38.3%) obstetrics/gynecology and 37 (61.7%) radiology residents were trained. Before the training program, 98.3% reported minimal experience and 100% low confidence to correctly diagnose PAS. During the program, the overall accuracy of all participants in diagnosing PAS increased from 71.3% before to 95.2% after training (P < 0.001). Regression analyses showed that ability to diagnose PAS increased 2.52-fold (P < 0.001) following the program. The retention of knowledge at 1, 3, and 6 months posttest was 84.7%, 87.5%, and 87.7%, respectively.

CONCLUSION

An antenatal diagnosis of PAS training program can be effective as a residency training program, considering the globally rising cesarean delivery rates.

An online home-based exercise program improves autonomic dysfunction in breast cancer survivors

Introduction: Exercise interventions for breast cancer survivors have proved their potential to improve clinical, physical, and psychosocial outcomes. However, limited studies have explored exercise effects on autonomic dysfunction and the measurement of exercise tolerance and progression through daily heart rate variability (HRV). Purpose: To analyze the effects of a 16-wk exercise intervention on the autonomic modulation of breast cancer survivors, as well as to examine the evolution of daily measured HRV and its interaction with exercise sessions in this population. Methods: A total of 29 patients who had undergone chemotherapy and radiotherapy were randomly assigned to the exercise group or to the control group. The exercise intervention was delivered remotely through online meetings and consisted of supervised training resistance and cardiovascular exercise 3 times per week. During the intervention all patients measured their HRV daily obtaining the napierian logarithm of the root mean square of successive differences between normal heartbeats (lnrMSSD) and the napierian logarithm of the standard deviation of the interbeat interval of normal sinus beats (lnSDNN) values at four moments: day 0 (the morning of the training sessions), 24, 48, and 72 h after exercise. Results: The results revealed a significant interaction between group and months during the intervention period for lnrMSSD and lnSDNN (p < 0.001). Additionally, there were significant differences in lnSDNN recovery time between months (p < 0.05), while differences in lnrMSSD become apparent only 24 h after exercise (p = 0.019). The control group experienced a significant decrease in both variables monthly (p < 0.05) while exercise group experienced a significant increment (p < 0.05). Conclusion: HRV is daily affected by exercise training sessions in cancer patients. Although results strongly support the role of exercise as a post-chemotherapy and radiotherapy rehabilitation strategy for breast cancer survivors to improve autonomic imbalance, further research is necessary to validate these initial findings.

Peritoneal Dialysis Patient Training Program to Enhance independence and Prevent Complications: A Scoping Review

Background

Peritoneal dialysis (PD) training is essential to ensure patient independence and prevent life-threatening complications, such as peritonitis. The International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis (ISPD) recommends that every PD unit worldwide implement local PD training programs with the goal of improving self-care capabilities. This scoping review aims to give an overview of recent literature and recommendations on PD training programs aiming to improve the quality of care and outcomes for PD patients.

Methods

The literature search was conducted using the PC (Population, Concept) approach. The population of interest in this study is PD patients, and the study concept is the PD training program. Several databases were used to conduct the literature search, including PubMed, Science Direct, and CINAHL. The search process began from July 2022 until January 2023. The inclusion criteria for the search included research articles and recommendations.

Results

The search yielded 22 articles recommending training programs lasting from 5-8 days, with 1-3-hour sessions and a nurse-to-patient ratio of 1:1. A cumulative training time of 15 hours or more is recommended to enhance patient independence and reduce peritonitis rates. Home-based or in-unit PD training, conducted by experienced nurses using adult learning strategies, has shown significant value in improving self-care and preventing peritonitis. Evaluating training outcomes should encompass knowledge, skills, and attitudes, and the impact on peritonitis rates. Training programs should be flexible and consider physiological and psychosocial barriers to achieving the best results.

Conclusion

There are a variety of strategies for dialysis training concerning duration, session length, patient-to-trainer ratio, timing, methods, location, compliance, and the need for retraining. More evidence is needed to assess the impact of PD patient training programs on self-care capabilities and peritonitis incidence. Future studies should investigate the effects of training programs on compliance, self-efficacy, and patient and nurse perspectives.

Higher training loads affect sleep in endurance runners: Can a high-heat-capacity mattress topper mitigate negative effects?

This study investigates the impact of a training program on sleep among endurance runners and the benefits of chronically using a high-heat-capacity mattress topper (HMT). Twenty-one trained male athletes performed a 2-week usual training regimen, sleeping on a Low-heat-capacity Mattress Topper (LMT), followed by 2-week overload and taper periods. From overload, participants were assigned into two groups based on the mattress topper used: HMT (n = 11) or LMT (n = 10). Irrespective of the group, overload increased general stress and stress-reaction symptoms evaluated by questionnaires, with no decline in performance on a graded-exercise treadmill test, the majority of participant being "non-overreached" (n = 14). From a daily perspective, each additional 100 A.U. in training load, assessed using the session rating of perceived exertion, was associated with an impairment in subsequent sleep efficiency (β = -0.2%; p < 0.01), wake after sleep onset (β =  +0.4 min; p < 0.05) and sleep onset latency (β =  +0.5 min; p < 0.05), which was unaffected by HMT use. Practitioners should be aware of sleep needs, especially during excessive training loads, whereas implementing individualised sleep strategies. Further studies should be conducted on potential benefits of HMT among athletes in various sleep conditions.

Survey of factors affecting satisfaction and success of residents enrolled in European College of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging (ECVDI) residency programs

Several published studies have described the success and satisfaction of residents enrolled in human radiology training programs, however comparable studies for veterinary radiology residents are currently lacking. The purpose of this descriptive, survey study was to evaluate resident perceptions of the European College of Veterinary Diagnostic Imaging (ECVDI) residency training programs. A web-based survey was sent to all listed 114 ECVDI residents and received a 57.0% response (65/114). Of these, 88% of respondents enjoyed their training and 73.5% of finishing respondents agreed they felt ready to work as a veterinary radiologist. First-time pass rates for the theoretical and practical components of the board certifying examinations were >80%. Regarding research and exam preparation, 41.5% and 49.2% of respondents, respectively, did not feel they received appropriate guidance. Eleven percent of respondents felt a lack of mentoring and 7.7% reported  not receiving annual appraisals. Findings from this study can be used as background for future studies on perceptions of ECVDI residents and ECVDI residency program directors and for future policy decisions regarding ECVDI residency training programs.

International health initiative: Development and pilot testing of a molecular diagnostics training program in Romania

OBJECTIVES

The implementation of nucleic acid testing in laboratory medicine has revolutionized clinical diagnosis. Unfortunately, incorporation of these technologies in less developed countries remains a challenge. Despite Romania's recent economic growth, the country is in dire need of medical and laboratory staff trained in modern technologies. The aim of the study was to develop a curriculum that could easily be delivered to laboratory professionals in Romania and to pilot test the effectiveness of the training in increasing their understanding of molecular tests.

METHODS

The program was developed in accordance with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) quality training standards. It was offered to 50 laboratory professionals and consisted of online, asynchronous lectures and optional synchronous review sessions. Training effectiveness was evaluated using CDC guidelines based on pre- and postassessment questions answered anonymously.

RESULTS

Forty-two people participated in the program, and 32 (81%) completed the training successfully. Based on 16 participants' self-assessment, the course was successful in improving learners' overall knowledge of molecular diagnostics-specifically, their understanding of molecular techniques and how to interpret results. Those participants were highly satisfied with the overall training.

CONCLUSIONS

The piloted platform presented here is promising and can be a foundation for future larger-scale studies in countries with developing health systems.

Effects of physical training programs on female tennis players' performance: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: Tennis is among the world's most popular and well-studied sports. Physical training has commonly been used as an intervention among athletes. However, a comprehensive review of the literature on the effects of physical training programs on female tennis players' performance is lacking. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effects of physical training on performance outcomes in female tennis players. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted on Web of Science, PubMed, SPORTDicus, Scopus, and CNKI from inception until July 2023 to select relevant articles from the accessible literature. Only controlled trials were included if they examined the effects of physical training on at least one measure of tennis-specific performance in female tennis players. The Cochrane RoB tool was employed to assess the risk of bias. The CERT scale was used to examine the quality of program information. The GRADE approach was adopted to evaluate the overall quality of the evidence. The Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software was used for the meta-analysis. Results: Nine studies were selected for the systematic review and seven for the meta-analysis, totaling 222 individuals. The study's exercise programs lasted 6-36 weeks, with training sessions ranging from 30 to 80 min, conducted one to five times per week. Muscle power (ES = 0.72; p = 0.003), muscle strength (ES = 0.65; p = 0.002), agility (ES = 0.69; p = 0.002), serve velocity (ES = 0.72; p = 0.013), and serve accuracy (ES = 1.14; p = 0.002) demonstrated significant improvement following physical training, while no notable changes in linear sprint speed (ES = 0.63; p = 0.07) were detected. Conclusion: Although research on physical training in sports is diversified, studies on training interventions among female tennis players are scarce. This review found that existing training programs yield some favorable outcomes for female tennis players. However, further research with high methodological quality is warranted on the tailoring of specific training programs for female tennis players. There should be more consistent measuring and reporting of data to facilitate meaningful data pooling for future meta-analyses.

Development and validation of an online emotional intelligence training program

Introduction

Emotional intelligence (EI) is associated with a range of positive health, wellbeing, and behavioral outcomes. The present article describes the development and validation of an online training program for increasing EI abilities in adults. The training program was based on theoretical models of emotional functioning and empirical literature on successful approaches for training socioemotional skills and resilience.

Methods

After an initial design, programming, and refinement process, the completed online program was tested for efficacy in a sample of 326 participants (72% female) from the general population. Participants were randomly assigned to complete either the EI training program (n = 168) or a matched placebo control training program (n = 158). Each program involved 10-12 hours of engaging online content and was completed during either a 1-week (n = 175) or 3-week (n = 151) period.

Results

Participants who completed the EI training program showed increased scores from pre- to post-training on standard self-report (i.e., trait) measures of EI (relative to placebo), indicating self-perceived improvements in recognizing emotions, understanding emotions, and managing the emotions of others. Moreover, those in the EI training also showed increased scores in standard performance-based (i.e., ability) EI measures, demonstrating an increased ability to strategically use and manage emotions relative to placebo. Improvements to performance measures also remained significantly higher than baseline when measured six months after completing the training. The training was also well-received and described as helpful and engaging.

Discussion

Following a rigorous iterative development process, we created a comprehensive and empirically based online training program that is well-received and engaging. The program reliably improves both trait and ability EI outcomes and gains are sustained up to six months post-training. This program could provide an easy and scalable method for building emotional intelligence in a variety of settings.

Quality of Life Among Residents of General Surgery Residency Training Program in Saudi Arabia: A Nationwide Study

Introduction The General Surgery Residency Training Program is known to be one of the most challenging programs, which greatly impacts the resident's quality of life (QoL) during their training years. Undertraining residents are usually the first providers of patients' healthcare in medical facilities. They often get exposed to continuous pressure and stress, especially during long working hours. Aim This study aims to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) of general surgery residents in Saudi Arabia and investigate the personal and workplace determinants associated with the level of quality of life. Subjects and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted among general surgery residents in Saudi Arabia. A self-administered online questionnaire was distributed among the target residents. The questionnaire includes sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., gender, region of the training center, and residency level) and Work-Related Quality of Life (WRQoL) scale to measure the residents' quality of life at work. Results Of the 239 residents, 64.9% were males, and 27.2% were resident level 1. Among WRQoL components, only home-work interface (HWI) (mean score: 9.87 out of 15 points) and general well-being (GWB) (mean score: 20.6 out of 30 points) had average ratings, while control at work (CAW), job and career satisfaction (JCS), stress at work (SAW), and working conditions (WCS) were classified as good. The overall WRQoL was deemed good (mean score: 81.3 out of 115 points). Being a female and practicing residency inside central region were the factors associated with better WRQoL. No significant differences were observed between WRQoL in terms of residency level, marital status, and previous visitation to a psychiatrist or psychologist (p>0.05). Conclusion Nearly one-third of the general surgery residents perceived their WRQoL as good. Female residents practicing in the central region demonstrated better quality of life as compared to the rest of the residents. Further research is needed to establish the level of WRQoL and its effect on general surgery residents during residency training.

Science communication from a course-based undergraduate research experience

Course-based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) provide an efficient mechanism to provide many students with an original research project. CUREs often culminate in a capstone poster presentation, but reports on these classes usually focus on the preparation and execution of the project rather than communication of the results. This article summarizes a CURE-associated research seminar that focuses on developing the communication and interpersonal skills required for the production and presentation of a conference poster. The class is designed to provide students with the tools and confidence for effective communication of their research. From the two class offerings to date, the 18 participating students have received five awards from 19 conference presentations.

The Impact of a Training Program Based on Next-Generation Science Standards on Scientific Inquiry

The Next-Generation Science Standards (NGSS) are standards concerned with K-12 grades. This study aimed to identify the impact of a training program based on Next-Generation Scientific Inquiry (NGSI) through training 30 science teachers and investigating the training impact on teachers' use of inquiry in their teaching. The study attempted to answer the following question: What is the impact of a training program based on the NGSS on the inquiry practices of primary school science teachers? The study's data collection tools included two focus groups and nine semi-structured interviews. Data analysis utilized the thematic analysis framework. The research results showed an impact of the training program on the inquiry practices of teachers via changes in the teachers' roles: the teacher became a facilitator and motivator through planning her/his activities efficiently. Students in the training program's science classroom developed into researchers and scientists who autonomously acquired their knowledge.

Individual Learning Needs of Japanese Public Health Dietitians by Years of Experience in Health Promotion

Lifelong education for dietitians in Japan is based mainly on competencies according to years of experience. Because learning content differs depending on the desired position and specialty, training programs that reflect the individual learning needs of public health dietitians are needed. This study aimed to assess the individual learning needs of public health dietitians via years of experience in health promotion. In 2021, an online survey of public health dietitians involved in health promotion in prefectures, designated cities, and other municipalities throughout Japan was conducted. Years of experience in health promotion were categorized as early (<10 years), mid-career (10-19 years), and leadership (≥20 years) periods. To ascertain individual learning needs, the survey asked about respondents' desired final position, career path, and skills they felt they needed to improve in the future. Of the 1649 public health dietitians analyzed, all administrative categories preferred to work as public health generalists in mid-career or leadership periods rather than in the early period. In municipalities, more public health dietitians across all experience categories selected "professional competence", such as knowledge in specialized areas and nutritional guidance techniques. It was suggested that public health dietitians in the mid-career and leadership periods have individual learning needs, in both nutrition specialists and public health generalists.

The Impact of Peripheral Vision on Manual Reaction Time Using Fitlight Technology for Handball, Basketball and Volleyball Players

The purpose of the research was to identify the impact of peripheral (unilateral and bilateral) vision on manual reaction time to visual stimuli in handball, basketball and volleyball players by implementing a 6-week experimental program of specific exercises and some adapted tests using Fitlight technology. The research included 412 players (212 male-51.5%; 200 female-48.5%) from three team sports: basketball-146 (35.4%), handball-140 (40%) and volleyball-126 (30.6%). The experimental program carried out over 6 weeks was identical for all handball, basketball and volleyball players participating in the study; two training sessions per week were performed, with each session lasting 30 min; 15 exercises were used for the improvement of manual reaction time to visual stimuli involving peripheral vision. Through the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), we identified statistically significant differences between the arithmetic means of the samples of handball, basketball and volleyball players, as well as according to general samples also of gender (male and female), p = 0.000. Male and female handball samples achieved the greatest progress in manual reaction time to visual stimuli involving peripheral vision for the Reaction time test with a unilateral right visual stimulus (30 s) and the Reaction time test with a unilateral left visual stimulus (30 s), while general sample also of male and female basketball samples, for the Reaction time test with bilateral visual stimuli (30 s) and the Reaction time test with six Fitlights (1 min); male and female volleyball samples recorded the lowest progress in all tests compared to handball and basketball groups. According to our results, female samples made greater progress in reaction time than male groups for all four tests of the present study. The implemented experimental program led to an improvement in manual reaction time to visual stimuli due to the use of Fitlight technology and the involvement of peripheral vision for all research samples.

Impact of structured training program about Hospital Infection Control practices on Knowledge and Perception of nursing students at public and private nursing teaching institute of Northern India- An interventional study

BACKGROUND

Hospital-acquired infections (HAIs) are a primary cause of illness and death and increased expenditure due to prolonged hospitalization and poor prognosis. HAI is a global safety concern, according to World Health Organization (WHO). This study assesses the current level of knowledge and perception regarding hospital infection control practices among nursing students and evaluates the impact of structured training interventions on their baseline knowledge and perception level.

METHODS AND MATERIALS

It was a single group, a pre-post interventional study done on nursing students of one government and one private nursing college in the year 2021. A pretested questionnaire consisting of was used as a study tool. Various statistical tests like one repeated-measure ANOVA, Mauchly's Test of Sphericity, and Greenhouse-Geisser correction were used.

RESULTS

The mean knowledge was minimum in the pretest group (Mean = 79.4430, SD = 17.49746) and maximum immediately after the training group (Mean = 96.5443, SD = 25.42322). But after one month, knowledge decreased; however, it was more than pre-training Knowledge (Mean = 84.4937, SD = 22.40313).

CONCLUSIONS

Annual educational/training modules help retain knowledge in hospital infection control practices and HAI prevention. All healthcare workers need regular training.

[Reversibility of frailty in elderly patients thanks to a multicomponent training programme]

A retrospective study was conducted to evaluate the effects of a multi-component training program with strength machines on physical performance and reversibility of frailty in elderly people. At the end of the program, a significant increase in physical performance was observed and there was a significant decrease in frailty.

Self-Training Video Module versus Instructor Taught Pediatric Basic Life Support According to Peyton Model: Report of an Experience

Background

Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation is an important predictor of out-of-hospital arrest prognosis in the pediatric population. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of two educational methods, a video module and Peyton model with manikin, in parent's education.

Materials and Methods

We enrolled 140 subjects, 70 in each group. We assess their knowledge, attitude, and practice about pediatric basic life support (BLS) before and after two different types of educational interventions.

Results

Mean attitude, knowledge, and practice score were significantly higher after educational intervention in both groups. Knowledge and total practice score were significantly higher in the Peyton group compared with DVD group (P = 0.02 and 0.000, respectively). The rate of totally correct chest compression was 53% in Peyton/manikin group versus 24% in DVD/lecture group and the difference was meaningful statistically (P = 0.0003).

Conclusion

Any educational intervention has a significant effect on the Iranian parent's knowledge and practice about child BLS, but education through manikin can increase this impact.

An Effective Mental Health Literacy Program for Farm Financial Service Providers

OBJECTIVES

Mental health literacy programs related to agriculture can help enhance skills among agricultural community members and service providers to assist farmers and producers who are experiencing distress. The aim of the current article is to describe an agricultural mental health literacy education-based intervention program offered to USDA Farm Service Agency farm financial service providers. The program was implemented as a self-paced, online training through USDA's AgLearn platform to N = 500 FSA staff.

METHODS

Pre-/post-evaluations were used to measure objective and self-rated knowledge and skills. Correlations, paired-samples t-tests, ANOVA, and content analysis were used to analyze data.

RESULTS

The training resulted in significant improvements in objective and self-rated knowledge. While there were no gender differences in objective knowledge, men's self-rated knowledge and skills were significantly higher than that of women at pre-test; at post-test, there were no significant gender differences in self-rated knowledge and skills.

CONCLUSION

Evaluations of this agricultural mental health literacy program demonstrate its effectiveness for farm financial service providers. Expanding access to such trainings among agricultural service providers who interact with producers regularly can help improve agricultural communities' skills to initiate and engage in critical conversations about mental health.

An Assessment of the Training Program on Mental Health for Community Health Workers in Kashmir, India

In recent years mental health has emerged as a major health threat in low income countries like India. In response, mental health care has been integrated into primary health care, in turn creating a rising demand for trained and skillful mental health professionals. This study was conducted in district Budgam (J&K), India with the aim of providing training to community health workers (CHWs) and measuring the change using pre- and post-training evaluations. The pre and post tests were undertaken, assessing changes in mental health literacy at three different points of time: pre-training, post-training, and three month follow-up. Mental health literacy was assessed using the interviewer-administered Mental Health Literacy Survey. The training intervention was a five-day course based on a facilitator's manual developed specifically for community health workers in India. A total of 25 community health workers from rural areas of Budgam District (mostly Integrated Child Development Service supervisors), Health Educators and Anganwadi Workers, were engaged for the study. Findings demonstrate that the training course improved participants' ability to recognize any mental health disorders. There was a clear distinction between the level of awareness pre- and post- training. The results were statistically significant on various domains Ability to recognize disorders (Pre-post P= 0.001), Knowledge of the professional help available (Pre-post p= 0.000), Attitudes that promote the recognition or appropriate help-seeking behavior (Pre-post p= 0.000) (p<0.05). Further follow up after three months was done. The mixed findings from this study, suggesting the training course has potential to improve some aspects of mental health literacy among the CHWs, including their understanding of various mental health problems.

Starting a New Residency-The Early Years

The social dimensions of residency are as essential as the scientific ones, particularly when starting a new program. Privileged to be the first-ever trainee in a newly accredited residency program, this reflection details the particulars defining my experience. In an attempt to balance humility with accomplishment, the following offers unique observation and insight on the many aspects we all share in training, in the aim of contributing something meaningful to them.

Effects of Resistance Training in Individuals with Lower Limb Amputation: A Systematic Review

Individuals with lower-limb amputations may have a significant strength deficit. This deficit may be related to the stump length and can lead to changes in gait, reduced energy efficiency, walking resistance, altered joint load, and increased risk of osteoarthritis and chronic low back pain. This systematic review used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA) guidelines to examine the effects of resistance training in lower limb amputees. Interventions with resistance training and other training methods were sufficient to achieve muscle strength gain in muscles of the lower limbs, improved balance, and improvements in gait pattern and speed when walking. However, it was impossible to determine from the results whether resistance training was mainly responsible for these benefits or even whether the positive effects presented would be observed with only this training method. When combined with other exercises, interventions with resistance training made possible gains for this population. Accordingly, it is noteworthy that the main finding of this systematic review is that the effects may be different according to the level of amputation, with mainly transtibial and transfemoral amputations studied.

Tap-Tap: Learning Endonasal and Percutaneous Nasal Osteotomy Techniques on 3D-Printed Midface Models

Nasal osteotomy is one of the most challenging steps of rhinoplasty. Lack of hands-on training and confidence with this procedure adds to the complexity for learners and trainees. As three-dimensional (3D) printing becomes increasingly accessible, simulation on 3D printed models has the potential to address this educational need in a safe, reproducible, and clinically realistic manner. The simulation session described in this communication, which utilized our low-cost, 3D-printed nasal osteotomy ($12.37) task trainer, produced both educational and confidence benefits for trainees. Here we describe the design, organization, curriculum, and pilot data for a 3D-printed nasal osteotomy task trainer for the simulation of endonasal and percutaneous nasal osteotomy.

Effects of Different Hamstring Eccentric Exercise Programs on Preventing Lower Extremity Injuries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to investigate the effects and differences of various hamstring eccentric training protocols for the prevention of lower limb injuries, and we further propose a more refined hamstring eccentric training protocol for the prevention of lower limb injuries. A literature search for the effects of hamstring eccentric training on lower extremity sports injuries was conducted using the PubMed, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases, and the literature was searched covering the period from the date of the database's creation to 20 August 2022. A meta-analysis of the included literature was performed using R.4.21 for lower extremity injuries, injuries in various parts of the lower extremity, and subgroup analysis for exercise frequency, exercise cycle, and exercise population. A total of 23 randomized controlled trial (RCT) studies were found to be included in the meta-analysis, and 15 of these trials, totaling 14,721 patients, were determined to be included in the overall lower extremity injury prevention effect. The analysis showed that the implementation of a hamstring eccentric training program reduced lower extremity injuries by 28%, and it resulted in a 46% decrease in hamstring injury rate and a 34% decrease in knee injury rate. The subgroup analysis revealed that the frequency of exercise was most significant in the twice-a-week exercise group, that the exercise program was most effective in preventing injuries in the 21-30-week exercise period, and that the program was most effective in preventing injuries in elite athletes and amateur adult athletic populations, compared with adolescents.

ESDE-MIE fellowship: a descriptive analysis of the first experiences

Esophageal resection is a high-risk and technically demanding procedure, with a long proficiency-gain curve. The European Society Diseases of the Esophagus (ESDE)-Minimally Invasive Esophagectomy (MIE) training program was launched in 2018 for European surgeons willing to train and to begin a career undertaking MIE. The aim of this study was to evaluate the first experience of the ESDE-MIE fellowship and relate this to the initially predetermined core principles and objectives of the program. Between October 2021 and May 2022, the participating fellows, in collaboration with the ESDE Educational Committee, initiated a survey to assess the outcome and experience of these fellowships. Data from each individual fellowship were analysed and reported in a descriptive manner. Between 2018 and 2022, in total, five fellows have completed the ESDE-MIE fellowship program. Despite the COVID-19 outbreak just the year after its launch, predetermined clinical and research goals were achieved in all cases. Each of the fellows were able to assist in a median of 40 (IQR 27-69) MIE and/or Robot assisted (RA)MIE procedures, of a total median of 115 (IQR 83-123) attended Upper GI cases. After the fellowship, MIE has been fully adopted by the fellows who returned to their home institutions as Upper GI surgeons. The fellowship was concluded by the European Union of Medical Specialists (UEMS) Multidisciplinary Joint Committee (MJC) certification in Upper GI Surgery, which was successfully obtained by all who took part. Based on the experience of the first five fellows, the ESDE-MIE training fellowship meets with the expected needs even despite the COVID-19 outbreak in 2019. Furthermore, these fellows have returned home and integrated MIE into their independent surgical practice, affirming the ability of this program to train the next generation of MIE surgeons, even in the most challenging of circumstances.

Shuttle Running Within a Small-Sided Game: Effects on Internal and External Workloads, in Young Elite Soccer Players

PURPOSE

To compare the effects of 2 small-sided games (SSGs), shuttle running within the bout (SSG-S) versus possession play only (SSG-P) on acute physiological and metabolic responses, perception of effort, and performance.

METHODS

Ten young elite male soccer players (age 18.6 [1.9] y) performed two 5vs5 SSG formats (SSG-S and SSG-P) consisting of 4 × 4 minutes with 1 minute of passive recovery between bouts, 2 times each, once a week, and in a randomized order. Heart rate, blood lactate concentration, and rating of perceived exertion were assessed as indices of internal workload. Total and relative distances, distance at moderate and high speed, distances traveled in accelerations (≥2 m·s-2) and decelerations (≤-2 m·s-2; DDEC), and average metabolic power were chosen as indices of external workload and collected with a 10-Hz portable global positioning system device.

RESULTS

Total distance, distances traveled in acceleration, distances traveled in deceleration, average metabolic power (always P < .01 and g > 1.62-large effect), and distance at moderate speed (P = .03 and g = 0.84-large effect) were significantly higher in SSG-S than in SSG-P. Moreover, the SSG-S showed higher blood lactate concentration (P = .0001, g = 12.58-large effect) and rating of perceived exertion (P = .03, g = 1.14-large effect) values than SSG-P. No significant differences in peak heart rate, relative distance, and distance at high speed were found.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study showed, in young competitive male soccer players, the effectiveness of an SSG format that includes shuttle running within each bout in the development of more relevant internal and external workloads. These experimental data should encourage coaches to use this new SSG regimen within the traditional weekly training program.

Effect of Training Program on Knowledge and Practice of Breast feeding Women During COVID-19

Aim

Evaluate the effect of the training program on knowledge and practice of breastfeeding women during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods

One-group pretest/post-test quasiexperimental research design was utilized to accomplish the aim of this study. The study was carried out at the primary health care units Ad Dar Al Baida 1, Ad Dar Al Baida 2, Al Aziziyah at Riyadh Province of Saudi Arabia. The study included a convenience sample of 100 breastfeeding women.

Tool

A structured interviewing questionnaire sheet was used for data collection that included three parts knowledge, reported practice, and demographic characteristics.

Results

More than one-quarter (30%) and (28%) of studied women had satisfactory knowledge-related causes, risk factor and signs, symptoms of COVID-19 at preintervention, while the majority 85% and 86% of them had satisfactory knowledge postintervention at p-value <.01**. In addition, less than one-fifth (17%) and (16%) of studied women had satisfactory knowledge about Breastfeeding guidelines during COVID-19 and care of breastfeeding women during COVID-19, compared with most of them (89%) and (92%) postintervention at p-value <.01**.

Conclusion

Based on our current study, it was concluded that the educational program effectively improves breastfeeding women's knowledge and practices. There was a highly statistically significant positive linear correlation between the breastfeeding women's knowledge and reported practices regarding COVID-19 infection before and after the implementation of the educational program at p < .0.

Development and Validation of a Laparoscopy Simulation Model of Pyeloplasty for Pediatric Patients

Introduction: Given the extensive training required for laparoscopic pyeloplasty and the difficulties achieving this training, there is a need to recreate the activity in a controlled environment, but high-fidelity models are unavailable or expensive. Our objective was to develop a model of pyeloureteral junction stenosis, resembling the anatomical details and consistency of natural tissue, for a replicable, cheaper, and realistic simulation model of laparoscopic pyeloplasty in children. Materials and Methods: A three-dimensional, printed synthetic model was created from magnetic resonance urography. The model comprises a plastic kidney as the reusable structure and a silicone renal pelvis and ureter as the interchangeable structure. We evaluated realism and performance with surgeons and residents at different levels of training, comparing operative time and complications of the procedure. Results: Twenty-four participants were recruited; 41.7% had previous experience in laparoscopic pyeloplasty, with 5.5 years of experience in laparoscopic surgery (interquartile range [IQR] 2-7.75). There were no cases of stenosis, but leaks accounted for 41.7%. The procedure lasted 72 minutes (IQR 55-90), with significant differences according to the level of training (85 minutes for residents, 68 minutes for pediatric surgeons and urologists, and 40 minutes for laparoscopic surgeons; P: .011) and years of previous experience in laparoscopic surgery (P: .003). Conclusions: A high-fidelity, replicable, and low-cost pyeloureteral stenosis model was developed to simulate laparoscopic pyeloplasty in pediatric patients.

Enhancing disaster response of emergency medical teams through "TEAMS 3.0" training package-Does the multidisciplinary intervention make a difference?

Background

In the aftermath of disasters, Emergency Medical Teams (EMTs) are dispatched to help local rescue efforts. Although EMTs are recognized to be a critical component of the global health workforce, concerns have emerged over their functioning and effectiveness. For example, lack of cooperation and coordination between different EMTs has been a longstanding issue, resulting in fragmented disaster management.

Methods

To enhance the provision of EMT's field teamwork, the Training for Emergency Medical Teams and European Medical Corps (TEAMS) project was established, and later further updated with novel scenarios and exercises (i.e., adapting EMT operations to a sudden disaster; becoming a modular team; reflecting on ethical dilemmas) in the complementary "TEAMS 3.0" project where a more comprehensive training package was developed. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness and quality of the TEAMS 3.0 training package in four training programs in Portugal, Germany, Norway, and Turkey. Participants completed a set of questionnaires designed to assess self-efficacy, teamwork, and quality of training.

Results

The results from all the trainings suggest an improvement for both teams' self-efficacy and teamwork. The mean score among all the participants (N = 100) for both the self-efficacy scale and teamwork scale was 3.217 (±0.223) prior to training and 3.484 (±0.217) following the training, and 2.512 (±1.313) prior to training and 3.281 (±0.864), respectfully, with statistically significant differences according to Wilcoxon paired samples test (p < 0.05). The quality of training is regarded as high and deemed as an appropriate tool package for addressing the objectives of the project and the perceived needs of EMT disaster deployment.

Conclusion

Thus far, the TEAMS 3.0 project has demonstrated to be effective in promoting EMT teamwork capacities.

Enhancing the Occurrence Variance Reporting System Implementation at one of the Hospitals of the Egyptian Universal Health Insurance

Background

Identifying, reporting, measuring, and tracking events provide an opportunity to study system issues, motivate learning, measure the frequency and severity of events, and manage high-risk ones which refer to a safety culture that is focused on valuing the input of working staff and improving the quality of care.

Aim

Enhance the implementation of the occurrence variance reporting (OVR) system at the Obstetrics and Gynecological Hospital in Port Said Governorate, Egypt.

Design

A quasi-experimental research design for one group (pre-posttest) and a mixed-methods approach was conducted in this study.

Method

This study was carried out at an Obstetrics and Gynecological Hospital in Port Said Governorate, Egypt. Study subjects included a convenient sample of 100 doctors and nurses. The study used three tools: OVR Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) questionnaire, the OVR trend analysis clinical audit checklist, and barriers that hinder staff to report patient safety events through two open-ended questions.

Results

Significant improvements were detected in the OVR system post-program implementation than pre-program implementation phase. A statistically significant increase in nurses' and doctors' total knowledge score from 0.74 to 3.39 and a statistically significant decrease in nurses' and doctors' total negative attitude score from 3.87 to 3.27. Also, a statistically significant increase in total practice score from 2.35 to 2.45.

Conclusion

There were significant improvements in the hospital OVR system postprogram implementation than preprogram implementation.

Relevance to clinical practice

To maintain performance and make sure that the original result is not lost, the health care facilities should emphasize the ongoing monthly and quarterly monitoring and analysis of data. Meetings, lectures, and training sessions are used for ongoing education.

National Health Policy Leadership Program for General Internists

INTRODUCTION

Early or mid-career physicians have few opportunities to participate in career development programs in health policy and advocacy with experiential and mentored training that can be incorporated into their busy lives.

AIM

The Society of General Internal Medicine (SGIM) created the Leadership in Health Policy (LEAHP) program, a year-long career development program, to prepare participants with a sufficient depth of knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors to continue to build mastery and effectiveness as leaders, advocates, and educators in health policy. We sought to evaluate the program's impact on participants' self-efficacy in the core skills targeted in the curriculum.

SETTING/PARTICIPANTS

Fifty-five junior faculty and trainees across three scholar cohorts from 2017 to 2021.

PROGRAM DESCRIPTION

Activities included workshops and exercises at an annual meeting, one-on-one mentorship, monthly webinars and journal clubs, interaction with policy makers, and completion of capstone projects.

PROGRAM EVALUATION

Self-administered, electronic surveys conducted before and following the year-long program showed a significant improvement in mean self-efficacy scores for the total score and for each of the six domains in general knowledge, teaching, research, and advocacy in health policy. Compared to the baseline scores, after the program the total mean score increased from 3.1 to 4.1, an increase of 1.1 points on a 5-point Likert scale (95% CI: 0.9-1.3; Cohen's D: 1.7), with 61.4% of respondents increasing their mean score by at least 1 point. Responses to open-ended questions indicated that the program met scholars' stated needs to improve their knowledge base in health policy and advocacy skills.

DISCUSSION

The LEAHP program provides an opportunity for mentored, experiential training in health policy and advocacy, can build the knowledge and amplify the scale of physicians engaged in health policy, and help move physicians from individual patient advocacy in the clinic to that of populations.

A cross-sectional study on the response abilities of clinical and preventive medical students in public health emergency

Inconsistent training programs for public health emergency (PHE) have been criticized as a contributing factor in PHE's managerial weak points. In response, to analyze the relevant discrepancies among the medical students in the class of 2021 from Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University, the present study conducted an online questionnaire survey using convenience sampling. The questionnaire comprised four sections, including the basic information, the subjective cognition in PHE, the rescue knowledge and capabilities of PHE, and the mastery of PHE regulations and psychological intervention abilities. To compare the abovementioned aspects, related data were collected from 235 medical students divided into two groups, namely, clinical medical students (Group A) and preventive medical students (Group B). We found a more positive attitude in PHE (P = 0.014) and a better grasp of the PHE classification (P = 0.027) and the reporting system in group B compared with group A. In addition, even if group B showed the same response capability in communicable diseases as group A, the former had less access to clinical practice, resulting in poorer performance in the noncommunicable diseases during a fire, flood, and traffic accidents (P = 0.002, P = 0.018, P = 0.002). The different emphasis of each training program contributed to the uneven distribution of abilities and cognition. Meanwhile, the lack of an integrated PHE curriculum led to unsystematic expertise. Hence, to optimize the PHE management system, equal attention should be paid to medical students with diverse majors along with a complete integrated PHE curriculum.

Kegel Exercise Training Program among Women with Urinary Incontinence

A common condition with a large global prevalence and a persistent medical taboo for many people is urinary incontinence. Around one in three women globally are impacted by it. The most frequently suggested physical therapy treatment for women with stress incontinence or urge incontinence is Kegel exercise (also called pelvic floor muscle training). This study aims to assess the effects of a Kegel exercise training program among women with urinary incontinence. The study was conducted at three government hospitals in Egypt's Port Said city's outpatient gynecological clinic. The intervention design was quasi-experimental. In total, 292 women with urine incontinence who visited the research sites made up the subjects. The necessary data were gathered using an interview questionnaire. Improvements in urinary incontinence and quality of life were positively correlated with daily Kegel exercise practice. Urinary incontinence has statistically significant positive correlations with age (p = 0.026), respiratory rate (p = 0.007), and body mass index (p = 0.026) as women grow older. Urinary incontinence, being single, and increasing pulse, however, had adversely significant negative correlations (p = 0.031 and 0.020, respectively). Urinary incontinence affects women's overall wellbeing, particularly in the emotional and social spheres, as well as their quality of life and their ability to participate in normal everyday activities. Following the adoption of the Kegel exercise training program, there was a substantial improvement in both urine incontinence and quality of life.