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Surve S, Kulkarni R, Gawai P, Salvi N, Begum S, Bodade S, Suryawanshi D, Chavan M, Pachalkar U, Pagi P, Chauhan S. Impact of training on awareness and Knowledge of Birth Defects among Community Health Workers in tribal district of Maharashtra, India. Birth Defects Res 2024; 116:e2264. [PMID: 37933599 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Early identification, referrals and timely treatment is crucial to improve the outcome of Birth Defects (BDs). The role of Community Health Workers (CHWs) in India is largely fulfilled by Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHAs) who can play an important role in community-based reporting and referrals of BDs in newborn. In the study area, ASHAs have been previously trained for identification of BDs under Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK); however, reporting through them was found to be sub-optimal. METHODS To strengthen the community based reporting of BDs through ASHAs, audio visual based training was provided to 1225 ASHAs in 6 tribal blocks of Palghar district in Maharashtra, India. The change in knowledge about BDs before and after training among 1023 participants was analyzed using paired sample t test & McNemar test. RESULTS Findings reveal a significant increase in the knowledge of participants with regards to prevention, risk factors and identification of BDs after intervention as compared to before intervention. DISCUSSION The study suggests that audio-visual based refresher training increased knowledge of ASHAs with respect to identification, prevention and risk factors of BDs which may eventually improve reporting and referrals of BDs at community level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchitra Surve
- Department of Child Health Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health (ICMR-NIRRCH), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ragini Kulkarni
- Department of Operational and Implementation Research, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health (ICMR-NIRRCH), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priyanka Gawai
- ICMR-NIRRCH-Model Rural Health Research Unit (MRHRU), Sub-District Hospital, Dahanu, Maharashtra, India
| | - Neha Salvi
- ICMR-NIRRCH-Model Rural Health Research Unit (MRHRU), Sub-District Hospital, Dahanu, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shahina Begum
- Department of Biostatistics, Indian Council of Medical Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health (ICMR-NIRRCH), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay Bodade
- Civil Surgeon, Civil Surgeon Office, Rural Hospital, Palghar, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Milind Chavan
- Taluka Health Office, Wada, Palghar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ujwal Pachalkar
- ICMR-NIRRCH-Model Rural Health Research Unit (MRHRU), Sub-District Hospital, Dahanu, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pradeep Pagi
- Civil Surgeon Office, Rural Hospital, Palghar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay Chauhan
- Department of Clinical and Operational Research, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health (ICMR-NIRRCH), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Surve S, Chauhan S, Kulkarni R, Salvi N, Nadkarni A, Madkaikar M, Chaudhary K, Chavan A, Suryavanshi D, Thorat A, Kaur H. Challenges in screening for sickle cell disease among newborns from the tribal region of Palghar, Maharashtra during the COVID-19 pandemic. Indian J Med Res 2023; 158:378-383. [PMID: 38006343 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_3220_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND OBJECTIVES Despite several adversities imposed by the COVID-19 pandemic, it was crucial to sustain research having public health relevance such as investigations around sickle cell disease (SCD). Against this background, an ongoing ICMR-multicentric study for newborn screening of SCD in the tribal population at Model Rural Health Research Unit (MRHRU-Dahanu) in Palghar District, Maharashtra constituted the current study setting. This was a descriptive study wherein, certain measures were undertaken and strategies were developed in view of the challenges in newborn screening for SCD due to the COVID-19 pandemic during December 2019-September 2021 at Sub District Hospital, MRHRU-Dahanu. METHODS During the onset of the pandemic, (December 2019-March 2020), the follow up was possible in 26.7 per cent (20/75) of the newborns. Subsequently, challenges such as travel restrictions, fear of COVID-19, shortage of staff were experienced with respect to enrolment and follow up visits. RESULTS After implementing certain pragmatic strategies (ASHA involvement, usage of virtual platform and flexible visits), follow up rate increased to 47.5 per cent (66/139) between July 2020-April 2021 (post first lockdown) and to 66 per cent (65/98) during the second wave (May 2021-August 2021). INTERPRETATION CONCLUSIONS The study emphasizes the importance of network building, use of virtual platform and engaging health workers in tribal settings. Such pragmatic approaches have the potential to pave a path for further implementation research involving specific interventions to improve health outcomes in tribal settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchitra Surve
- Department of Child Health Research, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive & Child Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Sanjay Chauhan
- Department of Operational & Implementation Research, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive & Child Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Ragini Kulkarni
- Department of Operational & Implementation Research, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive & Child Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Neha Salvi
- Model Rural Health Research Unit, Dahanu, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anita Nadkarni
- ICMR-National Institute for Immunohaematology, KEM Hospital Campus, Mumbai, India
| | - Manisha Madkaikar
- ICMR-National Institute for Immunohaematology, KEM Hospital Campus, Mumbai, India
| | | | | | | | - Anil Thorat
- Civil Surgeon Office, Palghar District, Maharashtra, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- Division of Epidemiology & Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
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Grover A, Venkatesh U, Kishore J, Chakma T, Thomas B, Menon G, Periyasamy M, Kulkarni R, Prusty RK, Venkateswaran C, Mishra B, Balu V, Viray M, Mathew G, Ketharam A, Balachandar R, Singh P, Jakhar K, Devi R, Saha K, Barde P, Moral R, Singh R, John D, Yadav J, Kohli S, Aggarwal S, Rao V, Panda S. Factors associated with stigma and manifestations experienced by Indian health care workers involved in COVID-19 management in India: A qualitative study. Glob Ment Health (Camb) 2023; 10:e46. [PMID: 37854432 PMCID: PMC10579676 DOI: 10.1017/gmh.2023.40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthcare personnel who deal with COVID-19 experience stigma. There is a lack of national-level representative qualitative data to study COVID-19-related stigma among healthcare workers in India. The present study explores factors associated with stigma and manifestations experienced by Indian healthcare workers involved in COVID-19 management. We conducted in-depth interviews across 10 centres in India, which were analysed using NVivo software version 12. Thematic and sentiment analysis was performed to gain deep insights into the complex phenomenon by categorising the qualitative data into meaningful and related categories. Healthcare workers (HCW) usually addressed the stigma they encountered when doing their COVID duties under the superordinate theme of stigma. Among them, 77.42% said they had been stigmatised in some way. Analyses revealed seven interrelated themes surrounding stigma among healthcare workers. It can be seen that the majority of the stigma and coping sentiments fall into the mixed category, followed by the negative sentiment category. This study contributes to our understanding of stigma and discrimination in low- and middle-income settings. Our data show that the emergence of fear of the virus has quickly turned into a stigma against healthcare workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashoo Grover
- Division of Non-Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India
| | - U Venkatesh
- Department of Community & Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gorakhpur, India
| | - Jugal Kishore
- Department of Community Medicine, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College & Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Tapas Chakma
- Division of Non-Communicable Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Beena Thomas
- Department of Social and Behavioural Research, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - Geetha Menon
- ICMR-National Institute of Medical Statistics, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Murugesan Periyasamy
- Department of Social and Behavioural Research, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - Ragini Kulkarni
- Department of Operational Research, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Ranjan K Prusty
- Department of Biostatistics, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Chitra Venkateswaran
- Department of Psychiatry, Believers Church Medical College, Tiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | - Bijaya Mishra
- Department of Clinical Research, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Vinoth Balu
- Department of Social and Behavioural Research, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - Maribon Viray
- Department of Psychology, Department of Counselling Psychology Martin, Luther Christian University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Geetu Mathew
- ICMR- Regional Occupational Health Centre -South, National Institute of Occupational Health, Bangalore, India
| | - Asha Ketharam
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh Balachandar
- Division of Clinical Epidemiology, ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Prashant Singh
- Division of Preventive Oncology and Population Health, ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kiran Jakhar
- Department of Psychaitry, Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rekha Devi
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, N. E. Region, Dibrugarh, India
| | - Kalyan Saha
- Social Sciences and Ethnomedicine, ICMR-National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Pradeep Barde
- Division of Virology and Zoonotic Diseases, ICMR-National Institute of Research In Tribal Health, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Rony Moral
- Department of Social and Behavioural Research, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | - Ravinder Singh
- Division of Non-Communicable Diseases, Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India
| | - Denny John
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Jeetendra Yadav
- ICMR-National Institute of Medical Statistics, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Simran Kohli
- ICMR-National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India
| | - Sumit Aggarwal
- Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, ICMR, New Delhi, India
| | - Vishnu Rao
- ICMR-National Institute of Medical Statistics, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - Samiran Panda
- Division of Epidemiology and Communicable Diseases, ICMR, New Delhi, India
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Maile A, Chaaithanya IK, Salvi N, Wanere K, Patil S, Chauhan S, Mahale S, Kulkarni R. Experiences & challenges in making Model Rural Health Research Unit (MRHRU) pandemic ready - Establishing COVID-19 molecular diagnostic facility at MRHRU, Dahanu, Maharashtra. Indian J Med Res 2023; 157:593-597. [PMID: 37530315 PMCID: PMC10466487 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_2411_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anwesh Maile
- Department of Health Research, Model Rural Health Research Unit, Dahanu 401 601, India
| | - Itta Krishna Chaaithanya
- Department of Health Research, Model Rural Health Research Unit, Dahanu 401 601, India
- Department of Molecular Immunology & Microbiology, Implementation Research, Mumbai 400 012, India
| | - Neha Salvi
- Department of Health Research, Model Rural Health Research Unit, Dahanu 401 601, India
| | - Kanchan Wanere
- Department of Public Health, Zilla Parishad, Palghar 401 404, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sagar Patil
- Department of Public Health, Zilla Parishad, Palghar 401 404, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay Chauhan
- Department of Operational & Implementation Research, Mumbai 400 012, India
| | - Smita Mahale
- Department of ICMR- National Institute for Research in Reproductive & Child Health, Mumbai 400 012, India
| | - Ragini Kulkarni
- Department of Health Research, Model Rural Health Research Unit, Dahanu 401 601, India
- Department of Operational & Implementation Research, Mumbai 400 012, India
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Sharma S, Aggarwal S, Kulkarni R, Kumar D, Mishra BK, Dwivedi GR, Devi KR, Mamidi RS, Singh KJ, Singh L, Sahu D, Adhikari T, Nair S, Kumar A, Juneja A, Sharma A, Begum S, Surve S, Prusty RK, Kumar S, Geddam JJB, Meur G, Mummadi MK, Kailash U, Palo SK, Kanungo S, Kshatri JS, Behera AK, Swain S, Singh R, Zaman K, Deval H, Pandey AK, Sarkar A, Kant R, Narain K, D’Aquino L, Gaym A, Singh VV, Rao MVV. Challenges in Accessing and Delivering Maternal and Child Health Services during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Rapid Survey from Six States of India. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1538. [PMID: 36674296 PMCID: PMC9865999 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Globally, the COVID-19 pandemic and its prevention and control policies have impacted maternal and child health (MCH) services. This study documents the challenges faced by patients in accessing MCH services, and the experiences of health care providers in delivering those services during the COVID-19 outbreak, explicitly focusing on the lockdown period in India. METHODS A cross-sectional study (rapid survey) was conducted in 18 districts from 6 states of India during March to June, 2020. The sample size included 540 MCH patients, 18 gynaecologists, 18 paediatricians, 18 district immunisation officers and 108 frontline health workers. Bivariate analysis and multivariable analysis were used to assess the association between sociodemographic characteristics, and challenges faced by the patients. RESULTS More than one-third of patients (n = 212; 39%) reported that accessing MCH services was a challenge during the lockdown period, with major challenges being transportation-related difficulties (n = 99; 46%) unavailability of hospital-based services (n = 54; 23%) and interrupted outreach health services (n = 39; 18.4%). The supply-side challenges mainly included lack of infrastructural preparedness for outbreak situations, and a shortage of human resources. CONCLUSIONS/RECOMMENDATIONS A holistic approach is required that focuses on both preparedness and response to the outbreak, as well reassignment and reinforcement of health care professionals to continue catering to and maintaining essential MCH services during the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Sharma
- National Institute of Medical Statistics, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Sumit Aggarwal
- Indian Council of Medical Research, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Ragini Kulkarni
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar
- National Institute for Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur 482003, India
| | | | | | - K. Rekha Devi
- Regional Medical Research Centre, NE Region, Dibrugarh 751023, India
| | | | | | - Lucky Singh
- National Institute of Medical Statistics, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Damodar Sahu
- National Institute of Medical Statistics, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Tulsi Adhikari
- National Institute of Medical Statistics, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Saritha Nair
- National Institute of Medical Statistics, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- National Institute of Medical Statistics, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Atul Juneja
- National Institute of Medical Statistics, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Anshita Sharma
- National Institute of Medical Statistics, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Shahina Begum
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Suchitra Surve
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Ranjan Kumar Prusty
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, India
| | - Surendra Kumar
- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai 400012, India
| | | | - Gargi Meur
- National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | | | - Uma Kailash
- National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad 500007, India
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rajeev Singh
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Gorakhpur 273013, India
| | - Kamran Zaman
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Gorakhpur 273013, India
| | - Hirawati Deval
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Gorakhpur 273013, India
| | | | - Abu Sarkar
- Regional Medical Research Centre, NE Region, Dibrugarh 751023, India
| | - Rajni Kant
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Gorakhpur 273013, India
| | - Kanwar Narain
- Regional Medical Research Centre, NE Region, Dibrugarh 751023, India
| | | | - Asheber Gaym
- UNICEF, India Country Office, New Delhi 110003, India
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Kulkarni R, Chauhan S, Fidvi J, Nayak A, Humane A, Mayekar R, Begum S, Patil A, Mayadeo N. Incidence & factors influencing maternal near miss events in tertiary hospitals of Maharashtra, India. Indian J Med Res 2023; 158:66-74. [PMID: 37602588 PMCID: PMC10550065 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_2932_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives Government of India (GoI) released operational guidelines for maternal near miss-review (MNM-R) in 2014 for use by programme managers of public health system to assist them for conducting MNM-R. The objective of the present study was to review the incidence and factors influencing MNM events in two tertiary hospitals of Maharashtra, India, as per the operational guidelines of the GoI released in 2014 and identify delays based on three-delay model to prevent such events in future. Methods This prospective observational study was conducted in two tertiary hospitals of Maharashtra, from July 2018 to November 2020. All women during pregnancy, childbirth or postpartum upto 42 days meeting the eligibility criteria of MNM as per the 2014 GoI guidelines were included as cases (n=228), interviewed and discussed during the monthly MNM meetings at these hospitals. Results The incidence of MNM was 11/1000 live births; the ratio of MNM to maternal deaths was 1.2:1. Leading causes of MNM were haemorrhage (36.4%) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (30.3%). Haemorrhage was maximum (70.6%) in abortion and ectopic pregnancies. Majority of the women (80.2%) were anaemic, of whom 32.4 per cent had severe anaemia. Eighty six per cent of women included in the study had MNM events at the time of admission and 81 per cent were referred from lower facilities. Level one and two delays were reported by 52.6 and 32.5 per cent of women, respectively. Level three delay at referral centres and at tertiary hospitals was reported by 69.7 and 48.2 per cent of women, respectively. Interpretation & conclusions The findings of this study suggest that MNM-R should be undertaken at all tertiary hospitals in India as per GoI guidelines to identify gaps based on three-delay model. These hospitals should implement interventions as per the identified gaps with emphasis on strengthening the infrastructure, facilities and manpower at the first-referral units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragini Kulkarni
- Department of Operational Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Sanjay Chauhan
- Department of Operational & Clinical Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Juzar Fidvi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Government Medical College & Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Arun Nayak
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital & Medical College, Mumbai, India
| | - Anil Humane
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Government Medical College & Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rahul Mayekar
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital & Medical College, Mumbai, India
| | - Shahina Begum
- Department of Biostatistics, National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Anushree Patil
- Department of Clinical Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Niranjan Mayadeo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Lokmanya Tilak Municipal General Hospital & Medical College, Mumbai, India
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Kulkarni R, Chauhan S, Joshi B, Balsaraf K, Chaudhari R, Donde G, Juneja K. Assessing the potential of self-help group women for improving reproductive health of women in a tribal block of Maharashtra, India. Indian J Med Res 2022; 156:191-197. [PMID: 36629179 PMCID: PMC10057364 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1827_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives In the current health system, cash incentives are given to accredited social health activists for referring women to public health facilities for specific maternal and child health services, however many reproductive health problems are not included in these services. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of involvement of self-help groups (SHGs) in improving reproductive health seeking behaviour and service utilization by tribal women. Methods An experimental study was conducted in two tribal blocks of Nasik district (Kalvan and Surgana) in Maharashtra, India, over a period of 18 months. Interventions included training of SHG women and providing incentives to them for conducting health education sessions for reproductive age group women in the community and referring those with the requisite problems, to the health facilities. Pre- and post-intervention focus group discussions and in-depth interviews among SHG women were conducted. Training of service providers on diagnosis and treatment of reproductive morbidities was done, and health service utilization was assessed. Results Sixty five per cent of the referred women with reproductive morbidities availed services at the public health facilities. A review of records of women seeking services for reproductive health problems showed that there was a significant improvement in the intent for seeking services in the study block as compared to the control block (χ[2]-9.06, P<0.002). Interpretation & conclusions This study demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing the potential of SHGs for improving reproductive health seeking behaviour of the tribal women. The results suggest that this model could be scaled up to address the neglected reproductive health needs of women without burdening the existing human resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragini Kulkarni
- Department of Operational Research, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjay Chauhan
- Department of Operational Research, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Beena Joshi
- Department of Operational Research, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kusum Balsaraf
- Mahila Arthik Vikas Mahamandal, Women and Child Development Department, Griha Nirman Bhavan, India
| | - Ravindra Chaudhari
- Public Health Department, Government of Maharashtra, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gauri Donde
- Mahila Arthik Vikas Mahamandal, Women and Child Development Department, Griha Nirman Bhavan, India
| | - Kavita Juneja
- Department of Operational Research, Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Surve S, Kulkarni R, Patil S, Sankhe L. Impact of intervention on nutritional status of under-fives in tribal blocks of Palghar District in Maharashtra, India. Indian J Public Health 2022; 66:159-165. [PMID: 35859498 DOI: 10.4103/ijph.ijph_1770_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a need to improve their nutritional status of under-five children through specific targeted interventions. The present study discusses the impact of intervention on nutritional status among under-five children in Palghar district from Maharashtra. OBJECTIVE The objective is to improve the nutritional status of under-five children by implementing multi-component health and nutrition education intervention, focusing on dietary counseling and modification keeping in view the cultural and socio-economic status of population. METHODS A prospective pre- and post-intervention study was conducted in two tribal blocks. Total 480 under-five children were included in pre- and post-intervention survey each. RESULTS Exclusive breastfeeding rates improved from 48.9% to 50.5% and initiation of complementary feeding at 6 months improved from 48.3% to 72.5% in post intervention survey as compared to preintervention survey. Among other Infant and Young Child Feeding indicators, Minimum Meal Frequency increased significantly to 67.03% from 5.91% and minimum acceptable diet improved from 5.37% to 47.2% in post intervention survey. The prevalence of Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) reduced from 5.4% to nil whereas severe stunting and underweight significantly decreased by 17% and 8% respectively in post intervention survey. Severe anemia decreased from 16.24% to nil post intervention. CONCLUSION The study reveals a substantial improvement in timely initiation of complementary feeds, nil cases of SAM, stunting, and underweight along with severe anemia in postintervention phase. This highlights the impact of multicomponent health and nutrition education interventions which may be adapted at a programmatic level to reduce child mortality and morbidity in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchitra Surve
- Scientist C, Department of Clinical Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ragini Kulkarni
- Scientist E, Department of Operational Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sagar Patil
- Assistant District Health Officer, Zilla Parishad, Palghar, Public Health Department, Government of Maharashtra, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Lalit Sankhe
- Associate Professor, Department of Community Medicine, Grant Medical College and Sir JJ Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Menon GR, Yadav J, Aggarwal S, Singh R, Kaur S, Chakma T, Periyasamy M, Venkateswaran C, Singh PK, Balachandar R, Kulkarni R, Grover A, Mishra BK, Viray M, Devi KR, Singh KHJ, Saha KB, Barde PV, Thomas B, Suresh C, A. D, Watson B, Selvaraj P, Xavier G, John D, Menon J, Philip S, Mathew G, David A, Vaman RS, Sushan A, Singh S, Jakhar K, Ketharam A, Prusty R, Kishore J, Venkatesh U, Kumar S, Kanungo S, Sahoo K, Swain S, Lyngdoh A, Diengdoh J, Syiemlieh P, Sarkar A, Velhal G, Kharnare S, Nandanwar D, Rao MVV, Panda S. Psychological distress and burnout among healthcare worker during COVID-19 pandemic in India-A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264956. [PMID: 35271652 PMCID: PMC8912126 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 has inundated the entire world disrupting the lives of millions of people. The pandemic has stressed the healthcare system of India impacting the psychological status and functioning of health care workers. The aim of this study is to determine the burnout levels and factors associated with the risk of psychological distress among healthcare workers (HCW) engaged in the management of COVID 19 in India. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 September 2020 to 30 November 2020 by telephonic interviews using a web-based Google form. Health facilities and community centres from 12 cities located in 10 states were selected for data collection. Data on socio-demographic and occupation-related variables like age, sex, type of family, income, type of occupation, hours of work and income were obtained was obtained from 967 participants, including doctors, nurses, ambulance drivers, emergency response teams, lab personnel, and others directly involved in COVID 19 patient care. Levels of psychological distress was assessed by the General health Questionnaire -GHQ-5 and levels of burnout was assessed using the ICMR-NIOH Burnout questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with the risk of psychological distress. The third quartile values of the three subscales of burnout viz EE, DP and PA were used to identify burnout profiles of the healthcare workers. RESULTS Overall, 52.9% of the participants had the risk of psychological distress that needed further evaluation. Risk of psychological distress was significantly associated with longer hours of work (≥ 8 hours a day) (AOR = 2.38, 95% CI(1.66-3.41), income≥20000(AOR = 1.74, 95% CI, (1.16-2.6); screening of COVID-19 patients (AOR = 1.63 95% CI (1.09-2.46), contact tracing (AOR = 2.05, 95% CI (1.1-3.81), High Emotional exhaustion score (EE ≥16) (AOR = 4.41 95% CI (3.14-6.28) and High Depersonalisation score (DP≥7) (AOR = 1.79, 95% CI (1.28-2.51)). About 4.7% of the HCWs were overextended (EE>18); 6.5% were disengaged (DP>8) and 9.7% HCWs were showing signs of burnout (high on all three dimensions). CONCLUSION The study has identified key factors that could have been likely triggers for psychological distress among healthcare workers who were engaged in management of COVID cases in India. The study also demonstrates the use of GHQ-5 and ICMR-NIOH Burnout questionnaire as important tools to identify persons at risk of psychological distress and occurrence of burnout symptoms respectively. The findings provide useful guide to planning interventions to mitigate mental health problems among HCW in future epidemic/pandemic scenarios in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha R. Menon
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail: (GRM); (SA)
| | - Jeetendra Yadav
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India
| | - Sumit Aggarwal
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail: (GRM); (SA)
| | | | - Simran Kaur
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India
| | - Tapas Chakma
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Murugesan Periyasamy
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Prashant Kumar Singh
- ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Gautam Buddh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rakesh Balachandar
- ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Ragini Kulkarni
- ICMR- National Institute of Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashoo Grover
- ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Maribon Viray
- Martin Luther Christian University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | | | - K. H. Jitenkumar Singh
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India
| | - K. B. Saha
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - P. V. Barde
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Beena Thomas
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chandra Suresh
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhanalakshmi A.
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Basilea Watson
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pradeep Selvaraj
- Directorate of public health and Preventive Medicine, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Denny John
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Jaideep Menon
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Sairu Philip
- Believers Church Medical College Hospital, Tiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | - Geethu Mathew
- Believers Church Medical College Hospital, Tiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | - Alice David
- Believers Church Medical College Hospital, Tiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | | | - Abey Sushan
- Believers Church Medical College Hospital, Tiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | - Shalini Singh
- ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Gautam Buddh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kiran Jakhar
- Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asha Ketharam
- ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Ranjan Prusty
- ICMR- National Institute of Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jugal Kishore
- Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - U. Venkatesh
- Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Subrata Kumar
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Krushna Sahoo
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Swagatika Swain
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | | | | | - AbuHasan Sarkar
- ICMR -Regional Medical Research Centre, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Gajanan Velhal
- Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Deepika Nandanwar
- Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - M. Vishnu Vardhana Rao
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India
| | - Samiran Panda
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
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Chaaithanya IK, Kulkarni R, Salvi N, Nahire KA, Kantela NN, Patil S, Chauhan S. Sentinel Surveillance of Dengue Virus Infection in a Tribal District of Maharashtra, India. J Assoc Physicians India 2021; 69:11-12. [PMID: 34585900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Itta Krishna Chaaithanya
- Scientist-C, Model Rural Health Research Unit, Department of Health Research, Dahanu, Maharashtra ICMR - NIRRH, Parel Mumbai, Maharashtra
| | - Ragini Kulkarni
- Scientist-E, ICMR-NIRRH, Parel Mumbai, Model Rural Health Research Unit, Department of Health Research, Dahanu, Maharashtra
| | - Neha Salvi
- Scientist-C, Model Rural Health Research Unit, Department of Health Research, Dahanu, Maharashtra
| | - Kavita Amole Nahire
- Research Assistant, Model Rural Health Research Unit, Department of Health Research, Dahanu, Maharashtra
| | - Nitesh Niresh Kantela
- Research Assistant, Model Rural Health Research Unit, Department of Health Research, Dahanu, Maharashtra
| | - Sagar Patil
- District Malaria Officer, Health Department, District Palghar, Maharashtra
| | - Sanjay Chauhan
- Scientist-G, ICMR-NIRRH, Parel Mumbai, Model Rural Health Research Unit, Department of Health Research, Dahanu, Maharashtra
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Joshi B, Girase B, Shetty S, Verma V, Acharya S, Deoraj P, Kulkarni R, Begum S. Improving public health service delivery response to address contraceptive needs of socio-economically disadvantaged HIV positive people in Maharashtra, India. Contracept Reprod Med 2021; 6:14. [PMID: 33934712 PMCID: PMC8091514 DOI: 10.1186/s40834-021-00159-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People living with HIV (PLHIV) receive free antiretroviral treatment (ART) in public health facilities of India. With improved life expectancy, unmet sexual and reproductive health needs of PLHIV have to be addressed through a converged programmatic response strategy. Evidence shows that socioeconomically disadvantaged women are most vulnerable to high reproductive morbidities, especially HIV positive women with an unmet need of contraception. Methods Programmatic convergence by linking ART and family planning services were strengthened at two public health facilities (district hospitals) generally accessed by disadvantaged socio-economic sections of the society. Barriers to linking services including stigma and discrimination were addressed through analysis of existing linkage situation, sensitization and training of healthcare providers and system-level interventions. This facilitated provider-initiated assessment of contraceptive needs of PLHIV, counseling about dual contraception using a couple approach, linkage to family planning centers and maintaining data about these indicators. Six hundred eligible PLHIV seeking care at ART centers were enrolled and followed up for a duration of 6 months. Acceptance of family planning services as a result of the intervention, use of dual contraception methods and their determinants were assessed. Results Eighty-seven percent HIV couples reached FP centers and 44.6% accepted dual methods at the end of the study period. Dual methods such as oral contraceptive pills (56.2%), IUCDs (19.4%), female sterilization (11.6%), injectable contraception (9.9%) and vasectomy (2.9%) in addition to condoms were the most commonly accepted methods. Condom use remained regular and consistently high throughout. The study witnessed seven unintended pregnancies, all among exclusive condom users. These women availed medical abortion services and accepted dual methods after counseling. Female index participants, concordant couples, counseling by doctors and women with CD4 count above 741 had higher odds of accepting dual contraception methods. Standard operating procedures (SOP) were developed in consultation with key stakeholders to address operational linkage of HIV and family programs. Conclusion The study saw significant improvement in acceptance of dual contraception by PLHIV couples as a result of the intervention. Implementation of SOPs with supportive supervision can ensure efficient linkage of programs and provide holistic sexual and reproductive healthcare for PLHIV in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beena Joshi
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (NIRRH), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Bhushan Girase
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (NIRRH), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.,Family Health Department, PATH India, New Delhi, India
| | - Siddesh Shetty
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (NIRRH), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vinita Verma
- National AIDS Control Organization, New Delhi, India
| | - Shrikala Acharya
- Mumbai District AIDS Control Society, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pramod Deoraj
- Maharashtra State AIDS Control Society, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ragini Kulkarni
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (NIRRH), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shahina Begum
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (NIRRH), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Henry A, Dawoud B, Kent S, McDonald C, Logan G, Hennedige A, Exely R, Regan A, Kulkarni R, Gilbert K, Basyuni S, Young D, Kyzas P, Morrison R, McCaul J. Clinical features and presentation of cervicofacial infection: a Maxillofacial Trainee Research Collaborative (MTReC) study. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021; 59:433-438. [PMID: 33715891 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2020.08.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Cervicofacial infection (CFI) is a common presentation to the Oral and Maxillofacial (OMFS) department and accounts for significant emergency activity. The current study aims to understand the aetiology, management, and clinical features of patients hospitalised with CFI. Our study included all patients admitted for management of CFI from May to October 2017 at 25 OMFS units across 17 UK regions. Data were collected prospectively and included age, comorbidities, prior treatment received, markers of sepsis, and presenting clinical features. One thousand and two (1002) admissions were recorded; 546 (54.5%) were male. Median (range) age was 34 (1-94) years. The most common presenting complaints were trismus (46%) and dysphagia (27%). Airway compromise was present in 1.7% of cases. Odontogenic infection accounted for 822/1002 (82%) admissions. Of those with an infection of odontogenic origin, 453/822 (55.1%) had received previous treatment. Two-thirds of those who had received treatment were managed by antibiotics alone (300/453, 66.2%). Patients met criteria for sepsis in 437/1002 (43.6%) of CFI, and in 374/822 (45.5%) of odontogenic infections. This is the largest study worldwide of patients requiring inpatient management for CFI. Infection due to odontogenic origin is the most frequent reason for admission and nearly half do not seek treatment before presentation. Patients with CFI often present late in their disease and frequently meet criteria for sepsis, requiring timely and aggressive treatment to ensure optimum outcomes. Trismus is an emerging dominant feature with all the implications related to the anaesthetic management of these patients. Knowledge of these factors has implications for the referrer, triage, the emergency department, the anaesthetic team, and members of the OMFS team.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Henry
- Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom.
| | - B Dawoud
- Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - S Kent
- Morriston Hospital, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - C McDonald
- Ninewells Hospital, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - G Logan
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - A Hennedige
- Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - R Exely
- Northwick Park Hospital, London, United Kingdom
| | - A Regan
- Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - R Kulkarni
- Northampton General Hospital, Northampton, United Kingdom
| | - K Gilbert
- The Whittington Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - S Basyuni
- Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - D Young
- Department of Mathematics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - P Kyzas
- East Lancashire Teaching Hospital NHS Trust, United Kingdom
| | - R Morrison
- Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - J McCaul
- Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Kulkarni R, Thiagalingam A, Kim S, Chow C, McIntyre D. EDUCATE MI Multicultural Clinician Created Video Education Feasibility and Pilot Results. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kim S, Kulkarni R, McIntyre D, Chow C, Thiagalingam A. Clinician-created Video for Patient Education on Medications Following Myocardial Infarction— The EDUCATE-MI Study Pilot Data. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bettler T, Chow C, Kim S, McIntyre D, Kulkarni R, Thiagalingam A. Systematic Review of Clinician Created Video in Patient Education. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Valvi C, Chandanwale A, Khadse S, Kulkarni R, Kadam D, Kinikar A, Joshi S, Lokhande R, Pardeshi G, Garg P, Gupte N, Jain D, Suryavanshi N, Golub JE, Shankar A, Gupta A, Dhumal G, Deluca A, Bollinger RC. Delays and barriers to early treatment initiation for childhood tuberculosis in India. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 23:1090-1099. [PMID: 31627774 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: India accounts for 27% of global childhood tuberculosis (TB) burden. Understanding barriers to early diagnosis and treatment in children may improve care and outcomes.METHODS: A cross-sectional study was performed among 89 children initiated on anti-TB treatment from a public hospital in Pune during 2016, using a structured questionnaire and hospital records. Health care providers (HCPs) were defined as medical personnel consulted about the child's TB symptoms. Time-to-treatment initiation (TTI) was defined as the number of days between onset of TB symptoms and anti-TB treatment initiation. Based on Revised National TB Control Programme recommendations, delayed TTI was defined as >28 days.RESULTS: Sixty-seven (75%) of 89 enrolled children had significant TTI delays (median 51 days, interquartile range [IQR] 27-86). Sixty-six (74%) children visited 1-8 HCPs in the private sector before approaching the public sector. The median HCP delay was 28 days (IQR 10-75). Bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination (aOR 10.96, P = 0.04) and loss of appetite (aOR 4.44, P = 0.04) were associated with delayed TTI.CONCLUSION: The majority of the children had TTI delays due to delays by HCPs in the private sector. Strengthening HCP competency in TB symptom screening and encouraging early referrals are crucial for rapid scaling up of early treatment initiation in childhood TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Valvi
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Sassoon General Hospital, Pune
| | - A Chandanwale
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Sassoon General Hospital, Pune
| | - S Khadse
- Rajiv Gandhi Medical College and Chatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Hospital, Kalwa, Thane
| | - R Kulkarni
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Sassoon General Hospital, Pune
| | - D Kadam
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Sassoon General Hospital, Pune
| | - A Kinikar
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Sassoon General Hospital, Pune
| | - S Joshi
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Sassoon General Hospital, Pune
| | - R Lokhande
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Sassoon General Hospital, Pune
| | - G Pardeshi
- Department of Community Medicine, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi
| | - P Garg
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Sassoon General Hospital, Pune
| | - N Gupte
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College/Johns Hopkins Clinical Trials Unit, Pune, India
| | - D Jain
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College/Johns Hopkins Clinical Trials Unit, Pune, India
| | - N Suryavanshi
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College/Johns Hopkins Clinical Trials Unit, Pune, India
| | - J E Golub
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - A Shankar
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering
| | - A Gupta
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College/Johns Hopkins Clinical Trials Unit, Pune, India, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - G Dhumal
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College/Johns Hopkins Clinical Trials Unit, Pune, India
| | - A Deluca
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - R C Bollinger
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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Henry A, Logan G, McDonald C, Hennedige A, Kent S, Dawoud B, Kulkarni R, Gilbert K, Exley R, Basyuni S, Kyzas P, Morrison R, McCaul J. How frequently is pus sent and how often does it change practice? A Maxillofacial Trainee Research Collaborative (MTReC) Project. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.10.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Kent S, McDonald C, Hennedige A, Logan G, Henry A, Dawoud B, Kulkarni R, Gilbert K, Exley R, Basyuni S, Kyzas P, Morrison R, McCaul J. Steroid use in cervicofacial infection. A Maxillofacial Trainee Research Collaborative (MTReC) project. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.10.268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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McDonald C, Hennedige A, Logan G, Kent S, Henry A, Dawoud B, Kulkarni R, Gilbert K, Exley R, Basyuni S, Kyzas P, Morrison R, McCaul J. The development and progress of the maxillofacial trainee research collaborative (MTReC). How trainees can design and deliver national research projects. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.10.260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Dawoud B, McDonald C, Hennedige A, Logan G, Kent S, Henry A, Kulkarni R, Gilbert K, Exley R, Basyuni S, Kyzas P, Morrison R, McCaul J. Demographic features of CERVicofacial infections. A maxillofacial trainee research collaborative (MTReC) project. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.10.259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Logan G, McDonald C, Hennedige A, Kent S, Henry A, Dawoud B, Kulkarni R, Gilbert K, Exley R, Basyuni S, Kyzas P, Morrison R, McCaul J. Airway problems and higher level care in cervicofacial infection. A Maxillofacial Trainee Research Collaborative (MTReC) Project. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2019.10.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hakkim H, Sinha V, Chandra BP, Kumar A, Mishra AK, Sinha B, Sharma G, Pawar H, Sohpaul B, Ghude SD, Pithani P, Kulkarni R, Jenamani RK, Rajeevan M. Volatile organic compound measurements point to fog-induced biomass burning feedback to air quality in the megacity of Delhi. Sci Total Environ 2019; 689:295-304. [PMID: 31276997 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We report the first ambient measurements of thirteen VOCs for investigations of emissions and air quality during fog and non-fog wintertime conditions at a tower site (28.57° N, 77.11° E, 220 m amsl) in the megacity of Delhi. Measurements of acetonitrile (biomass burning (BB) tracer), isoprene (biogenic emission tracer in daytime), toluene (a traffic exhaust tracer) and benzene (emitted from BB and traffic), together with soluble and reactive oxygenated VOCs such as methanol, acetone and acetaldehyde were performed during the winters of 2015-16 and 2016-17, using proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry. Remarkably, ambient VOC composition changes during fog were not governed by solubility. Acetaldehyde, toluene, sum of C8-aromatics (e.g. xylenes), sum of C9-aromatics (e.g. trimethyl benzenes) decreased by ≥30% (>95% confidence interval), whereas acetonitrile and benzene showed significant increases by 20% (>70% confidence interval), even after accounting for boundary layer dilution. During fog, the lower temperatures appeared to induce an emissions feedback from enhanced open BB within Delhi for warming, releasing both gaseous and aerosol pollutants with consequences for fog chemistry, sustenance and intensity. The potential feedback is important to consider for improving current emission parametrizations in models used for predicting air quality and fog in such atmospheric environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hakkim
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - V Sinha
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab, 140306, India.
| | - B P Chandra
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - A Kumar
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - A K Mishra
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - B Sinha
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - G Sharma
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - H Pawar
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - B Sohpaul
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, Sector 81, S.A.S. Nagar, Manauli PO, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Sachin D Ghude
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - P Pithani
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pashan, Pune 411008, India
| | - R Kulkarni
- Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pashan, Pune 411008, India; Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
| | - R K Jenamani
- Indian Meteorological Department, New Delhi 110003, India
| | - M Rajeevan
- Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, New Delhi 110003, India
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Kulkarni R, Pujari S. Gullain Barre syndrome and dengue fever. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Kulkarni R, Pujari S. Anti-musk antibody myasthenia gravis: Clinical findings and long term follow up. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Pujari S, Kulkarni R. Acute hemorrhagic leucoencephalitis (AHLE) - A rare variant of ADEM. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.1134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abstract
Context Undernutrition among adolescents in tribal areas is an area of concern in India. Aims This study aims to assess nutritional status of adolescent girls and to study their hygienic practices and awareness regarding adolescent programs. Settings and Design Two blocks (Palghar and Dahanu) in Palghar district of Maharashtra. Subjects and Methods The present study was a community-based cross-sectional study conducted among 240 unmarried adolescent girls in ten villages of the study area. Results The mean age of adolescent girls was 14.5 ± 1.62 years. Mean body mass index was 18.13 ± 7.11 kg/m2; 55% of them were wasted and 67% were stunted. Mean hemoglobin was 9.57 ± 1.4 g/dl and 81.6% had moderate anemia. Ninety-two percent reported hand washing with soap after defecation. Only 2.5% had awareness regarding adolescent government programs. Conclusion The present study indicated very poor nutritional status among tribal adolescent girls. Interventions to reduce the prevalence of malnutrition and anemia in this age group is the need of the hour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragini Kulkarni
- Department of Operational Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Suchitra Surve
- Department of Clinical Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sagar Patil
- Department of Health, Zilla Parishad Palghar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Lalit Sankhe
- Department of Community Medicine, Grant Medical College and Sir JJ Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priyanka Gupta
- Division of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Gurudayal Toteja
- Division of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
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Karbwang J, Koonrungsesomboon N, Torres CE, Jimenez EB, Kaur G, Mathur R, Sholikhah EN, Wanigatunge C, Wong CS, Yimtae K, Abdul Malek M, Ahamad Fouzi L, Ali A, Chan BZ, Chandratilake M, Chiew SC, Chin MYC, Gamage M, Gitek I, Hakimi M, Hussin N, Jamil MFA, Janarsan P, Julia M, Kanungo S, Karunanayake P, Kollanthavelu S, Kong KK, Kueh BL, Kulkarni R, Kumaran PP, Kumarasiri R, Lim WH, Lim XJ, Mahmud F, Mantaring JBV, Md Ali SM, Mohd Noor N, Muhunthan K, Nagandran E, Noor M, Ooi KH, Pradeepan JA, Sadewa AH, Samaranayake N, Sri Ranganathan S, Subasingha W, Subramaniam S, Sulaiman N, Tay JF, Teng LH, Tew MM, Tharavanij T, Tok PSK, Weeratna J, Wibawa T, Wickremasinghe R, Wongwai P, Yadav S. What information and the extent of information research participants need in informed consent forms: a multi-country survey. BMC Med Ethics 2018; 19:79. [PMID: 30219106 PMCID: PMC6139128 DOI: 10.1186/s12910-018-0318-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The use of lengthy, detailed, and complex informed consent forms (ICFs) is of paramount concern in biomedical research as it may not truly promote the rights and interests of research participants. The extent of information in ICFs has been the subject of debates for decades; however, no clear guidance is given. Thus, the objective of this study was to determine the perspectives of research participants about the type and extent of information they need when they are invited to participate in biomedical research. Methods This multi-center, cross-sectional, descriptive survey was conducted at 54 study sites in seven Asia-Pacific countries. A modified Likert-scale questionnaire was used to determine the importance of each element in the ICF among research participants of a biomedical study, with an anchored rating scale from 1 (not important) to 5 (very important). Results Of the 2484 questionnaires distributed, 2113 (85.1%) were returned. The majority of respondents considered most elements required in the ICF to be ‘moderately important’ to ‘very important’ for their decision making (mean score, ranging from 3.58 to 4.47). Major foreseeable risk, direct benefit, and common adverse effects of the intervention were considered to be of most concerned elements in the ICF (mean score = 4.47, 4.47, and 4.45, respectively). Conclusions Research participants would like to be informed of the ICF elements required by ethical guidelines and regulations; however, the importance of each element varied, e.g., risk and benefit associated with research participants were considered to be more important than the general nature or technical details of research. Using a participant-oriented approach by providing more details of the participant-interested elements while avoiding unnecessarily lengthy details of other less important elements would enhance the quality of the ICF. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12910-018-0318-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juntra Karbwang
- Department of Clinical Product Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Nut Koonrungsesomboon
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Muang Chiang Mai, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
| | - Cristina E Torres
- Forum for Ethical Review Committees in the Asian and Western Pacific region, WHO-TDR Clinical Coordination and Training Center, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand.,National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Edlyn B Jimenez
- National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines
| | - Gurpreet Kaur
- Selangor State Health Department, Ministry of Health, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Roli Mathur
- ICMR Bioethics Unit, National Centre for Disease Informatics and Research, Bangalore, India
| | - Eti N Sholikhah
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Chandanie Wanigatunge
- Forum for Ethics Review Committees in Sri Lanka and Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardanepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Chih-Shung Wong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kwanchanok Yimtae
- Academic Clinical Research Office, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | | | | | - Aisyah Ali
- Sultan Ismail Hospital, Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Shoen C Chiew
- Seri Manjung Hospital, Seri Manjung, Perak, Malaysia
| | | | - Manori Gamage
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Mohammad Hakimi
- Medical and Health Research Ethics Committee, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | | | | | - Madarina Julia
- Department of Pediatric, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Gadjah Mada, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Suman Kanungo
- Division of Epidemiology, National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India
| | | | | | - Kian K Kong
- Duchess of Kent Hospital, Sandakan, Malaysia
| | | | - Ragini Kulkarni
- Department of Operational Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - Paul P Kumaran
- National Institute for Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, India
| | | | - Wei H Lim
- Sibu Hospital, Sibu, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | - Xin J Lim
- Raja Permaisuri Bainun Hospital, Ipoh, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Siti M Md Ali
- Sultanah Bahiyah Hospital, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia
| | | | | | | | | | - Kim H Ooi
- Tuanku Fauziah Hospital, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
| | | | - Ahmad H Sadewa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ju F Tay
- Selayang Hospital, Shah Alam, Malaysia
| | | | - Mei M Tew
- Sultan Abdul Halim Hospital, Sungai Petani, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Thipaporn Tharavanij
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | | | - Jayanie Weeratna
- Institute of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Tri Wibawa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Renu Wickremasinghe
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Phanthipha Wongwai
- Department of Opthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Subhash Yadav
- Department of Endocrinology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences (SGPGI), Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Hermans
- Haemostasis and Thrombosis Unit; Division of Haematology; Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc; Brussels Belgium
| | - R. Kulkarni
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development; Michigan State University; East Lansing MI USA
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Kulkarni R, James AH, Norton M, Shapiro A. Efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics of a new high-purity factor X concentrate in women and girls with hereditary factor X deficiency. J Thromb Haemost 2018; 16:849-857. [PMID: 29460388 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Essentials Plasma-derived factor X concentrate (pdFX) is used to treat hereditary factor X deficiency. pdFX pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy were assessed in factor X-deficient women/girls. Treatment success rate was 98%; only 6 adverse events in 2 subjects were possibly pdFX related. On-demand pdFX 25 IU kg-1 was effective and safe in women/girls with factor X deficiency. SUMMARY Background A high-purity, plasma-derived factor X concentrate (pdFX) has been approved for the treatment of hereditary FX deficiency, an autosomal recessive disorder. Objective To perform post hoc assessments of pdFX pharmacokinetics, safety and efficacy in women and girls with hereditary FX deficiency. Patients/Methods Subjects aged ≥ 12 years with moderate/severe FX deficiency (plasma FX activity of < 5 IU dL-1 ) received on-demand or preventive pdFX (25 IU kg-1 ) for ≤ 2 years. Results Of 16 enrolled subjects, 10 women and girls (aged 14-58 years [median, 25.5 years]) received 267 pdFX infusions. Mean monthly infusions per subject were higher among women and girls (2.48) than among men and boys (1.62). In women and girls, 132 assessable bleeding episodes (61 heavy menstrual bleeds, 47 joint bleeds, 15 muscle bleeds, and nine other bleeds) were treated with pdFX, with a 98% treatment success rate versus 100% in men and boys. Mean pdFX incremental recovery was similar in the two groups (2.05 IU dL-1 versus 1.91 IU dL-1 per IU kg-1 ), as was the mean half-life (29.3 h versus 29.5 h). Of 142 adverse events in women and girls, headache was the most common (12 events in six subjects). Six events (two infusion-site erythema, two fatigue, one back pain, one infusion-site pain) in two subjects were considered to be possibly pdFX-related. Following the trial, pdFX was used to successfully maintain hemostasis in two subjects undergoing obstetric delivery. Conclusions pdFX was well tolerated and effective in women and girls with FX deficiency. Although women and girls had different bleeding symptoms and sites than men and boys, their pdFX pharmacokinetic profile was comparable.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kulkarni
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | | | - M Norton
- Bio Products Laboratory Ltd, Elstree, UK
| | - A Shapiro
- Indiana Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Rasaily R, Ganguly KK, Roy M, Vani SN, Kharood N, Kulkarni R, Chauhan S, Swain S, Kanugo L. Community based kangaroo mother care for low birth weight babies: A pilot study. Indian J Med Res 2018; 145:51-57. [PMID: 28574014 PMCID: PMC5460573 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_603_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Kangaroo mother care (KMC - early continuous skin-to-skin contact between mother and infants) has been recommended as an alternative care for low birth weight infants. There is limited evidence in our country on KMC initiated at home. The present study was undertaken to study acceptability of KMC in different community settings. Methods: A community-based pilot study was carried out at three sites in the States of Odisha, Gujarat and Maharashtra covering rural, urban and rural tribal population, respectively. Trained health workers provided IEC (information, education and communication) on KMC during antenatal period along with essential newborn care messages. These messages were reinforced during the postnatal period. Outcome measures were the proportion of women accepting KMC, duration of KMC/day and total number of days continuing KMC. Focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were also carried out. Results: KMC was provided to 101 infants weighing 1500-2000 g; 57.4 per cent were preterm. Overall, 80.2 per cent mothers received health education on KMC during antenatal period, family members (68.3%) also attended KMC sessions along with pregnant women and 55.4 per cent of the women initiated KMC within 72 h of birth. KMC was provided on an average for five hours per day. Qualitative survey data indicated that the method was acceptable to mothers and family members; living in nuclear family, household work, twin pregnancy, hot weather, etc., were cited as reasons for not being able to practice KMC for a longer duration. Interpretation & conclusions: It was feasible to provide KMC using existing infrastructure, and the method was acceptable to most mothers of low birth infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reeta Rasaily
- Central Technical Coordinating Unit, Division of Reproductive Biology & Maternal Health & Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - K K Ganguly
- Central Technical Coordinating Unit, Division of Reproductive Biology & Maternal Health & Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - M Roy
- Central Technical Coordinating Unit, Division of Reproductive Biology & Maternal Health & Child Health, Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
| | - S N Vani
- Department of Paediatrics, Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad, India
| | - N Kharood
- Department of Paediatrics, Pramukhswami Medical College, Karamsad, India
| | - R Kulkarni
- Department of Operational Research, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - S Chauhan
- Department of Operational Research, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
| | - S Swain
- National Institute of Applied Human Research and Development, Cuttack, India
| | - L Kanugo
- National Institute of Applied Human Research and Development, Cuttack, India
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Chauhan S, Unisa S, Joshi B, Kulkarni R, Singh A, Subramanian T, Chaudhuri RN, Baishya AC, Bharat S, Patil A, Pasi A, Agarwal D. Capacity Assessment of District Health System in India on Services for Prevention and Management of Infertility. Indian J Community Med 2018; 43:19-23. [PMID: 29531433 PMCID: PMC5842468 DOI: 10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_306_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infertility is a neglected service component in the public health-care system in India. OBJECTIVES This study aims to assess the availability and practices on prevention and management services for infertility in the district health system. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional survey of selected health facilities and the staff from 12 district hospitals (DHs), 24 community health centers (CHCs), 48 primary health centers (PHCs), and 48 subcenters was conducted using qualitative and quantitative methods. Interviewed staff included 26 gynecologists; 91 medical officers; 91 auxiliary nurse midwife; 67 laboratory technicians; and 84 accredited social health activist workers. RESULTS The findings indicate that adequate staff was in place at more than 70% of health facilities, but none of the staff had received any in-service training on infertility management. Most of the DHs had basic infrastructural and diagnostic facilities. However, the majority of the CHCs and PHCs had inadequate physical and diagnostic facilities related to infertility management. Semen examination service was not available at 94% of PHCs and 79% of CHCs. Advanced laboratory services were available in <42% at DHs and 8% at CHCs. Diagnostic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy were available in 25% and 8% of DHs, respectively. Ovulation induction with clomiphene was practiced at 83% and with gonadotropins at 33% of DHs. CONCLUSION The district health infrastructure in India has a potential to provide basic services for infertility. With some policy decisions, resource inputs and capacity strengthening, it is possible to provide advanced services for infertility in the district health system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Chauhan
- Department of Operational Research, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sayeed Unisa
- Department of Demography and Statistics, International Institute of Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Beena Joshi
- Department of Operational Research, ICMR-NIRRH, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ragini Kulkarni
- Department of Operational Research, ICMR-NIRRH, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amarjeet Singh
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | | | | | - A. C. Baishya
- Department of Community Medicine, Guwahati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Shalini Bharat
- Centre for Health and Social Sciences, Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anushree Patil
- Department of Clinical Research, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Achhelal Pasi
- Department of Clinical Research, ICMR-NIRRH, Delhi, India
| | - Dinesh Agarwal
- Department of Health & Nutrition, IPE Global Ltd, Delhi, India
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Kulkarni R. Use of telehealth in the delivery of comprehensive care for patients with haemophilia and other inherited bleeding disorders. Haemophilia 2017; 24:33-42. [PMID: 29205699 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Advances in technology such as telemedicine (TM) have made access to cost-effective, quality health care feasible for remote patients. TM is especially well suited for patients with chronic disorders such as haemophilia and related haemostatic disorders that benefit not only from more frequent interaction with care providers at a specialized haemophilia treatment center but also from consultations with other specialists. Telehealth refers to a broader application of TM and includes non-clinical services such as education, provider training, administrative meetings etc. Collaboration with the local primary care provider for management and implementation is key for successful and sustainable TM. This review article provides an overview of types of telemedicine, technical aspects, its benefits and challenges and focuses on the applicability of this technology to persons with bleeding and other blood disorders. Examples of TM strategies, process flow of TM clinic and experiences at the authors haemophilia treatment center (HTC) setting are shared. In addition, mobile health (mHealth) and electronic health (eHealth), both a part of telehealth, and their applications are briefly described. Clearly, widespread adoption of this technology will not only enhance care of patients but will enable more people, especially in underserved areas, to receive specialty care.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kulkarni
- Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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McDonald C, Hennedige A, Henry A, Dawoud B, Kulkarni R, Gilbert K, Kyzas P, Morrison R, McCaul J. Management of cervicofacial infections: a survey of current practice in maxillofacial units in the UK. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017; 55:940-945. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2017.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Oldenburg J, Kulkarni R, Srivastava A, Mahlangu JN, Blanchette VS, Tsao E, Winding B, Dumont J, Jain N. Improved joint health in subjects with severe haemophilia A treated prophylactically with recombinant factor VIII Fc fusion protein. Haemophilia 2017; 24:77-84. [PMID: 29082639 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Joint arthropathy is the long-term consequence of joint bleeding in people with severe haemophilia. AIM This study assessed change in joint health over time in subjects receiving recombinant factor VIII Fc fusion protein (rFVIIIFc) prophylaxis. METHODS ALONG is the phase 3 pivotal study in which the benefit of rFVIIIFc as a prophylactic treatment for bleeding control was shown in previously treated severe haemophilia patients ≥12 years of age (arm 1: 25-65 IU/kg every 3-5 days, arm 2: 65 IU/kg weekly and arm 3: episodic). After completing ALONG, subjects had the option to enrol into the extension study (ASPIRE). This interim, post hoc analysis assessed changes in joint health over ~2.8 years in these patients. RESULTS Forty-seven subjects had modified Haemophilia Joint Health Score (mHJHS) data at A-LONG baseline, ASPIRE baseline and ASPIRE Year 1 and Year 2. Compared with A-LONG baseline (23.4), mean improvement at ASPIRE Year 2 was -4.1 (95% confidence interval [CI], -6.5, -1.8; P = .001). Regardless of prestudy treatment regimen, subjects showed continuous improvement in mHJHS from A-LONG baseline through ASPIRE Year 2 (prestudy prophylaxis: -2.4, P = .09; prestudy episodic treatment: -7.2, P = .003). Benefits were seen in subjects with target joints (-5.6, P = .005) as well as those with severe arthropathy (-8.8, P = .02). The mHJHS components with the greatest improvement at ASPIRE Year 2 were swelling (-1.4, P = .008), range of motion (-1.1, P = .03) and strength (-0.8, P = .04). CONCLUSIONS Prophylaxis with rFVIIIFc may improve joint health over time regardless of prestudy prophylaxis or episodic treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Oldenburg
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Clinic Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - R Kulkarni
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - A Srivastava
- Department of Haematology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J N Mahlangu
- Haemophilia Comprehensive Care Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand and NHLS, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - V S Blanchette
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto and Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - E Tsao
- Bioverativ, Waltham, MA, USA
| | | | | | - N Jain
- Bioverativ, Waltham, MA, USA
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Srivaths LV, Zhang QC, Byams VR, Dietrich JE, James AH, Kouides PA, Kulkarni R. Differences in bleeding phenotype and provider interventions in postmenarchal adolescents when compared to adult women with bleeding disorders and heavy menstrual bleeding. Haemophilia 2017; 24:63-69. [PMID: 28873279 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Due to lack of patient/health care provider awareness causing delayed diagnosis, the bleeding phenotype and provider interventions in adolescents with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and bleeding disorders (BD) may be different when compared to adults. AIM The aim of this study was to compare/characterize bleeding phenotype and provider interventions in postmenarchal adolescents < 18 years and premenopausal adults ≥ 18 years with HMB and BD. METHODS Patient demographics, BD, and provider interventions/therapy details for HMB were compared between both age groups enrolled in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Female Universal Data Collection (UDC) surveillance project in United States hemophilia treatment centres. Cross-sectional descriptive analyses including frequency distributions, summary statistics, bivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Of 269 females (79 adolescents; median age 16 years, interquartile range (IQR) = 2; 190 adults; median age 27 years, IQR = 13) evaluated, BD distribution was similar in both groups. Compared to adolescents, adults more often had family history of bleeding (Adjusted odds ratios [AOR] = 2.6, 1.3-5.6), delay in diagnosis (AOR = 2.5, 1.2-4.9), bleeding with dental procedures (AOR = 2.0, 1.0-4.0), gastrointestinal bleeding (AOR = 4.6, 1.0-21.9), anaemia (AOR = 2.7, 1.4-5.2), utilized desmopressin less often (AOR = 0.4, 0.2-0.8) and underwent gynaecologic procedure/surgery more frequently (AOR = 5.9, 1.3-27.3). CONCLUSION Bleeding phenotypes of adolescents and adults with HMB and BD were different with more frequent bleeding complications, anaemia, gynaecologic procedures/surgeries, less desmopressin use and more delay in diagnosing BD in adults. Longitudinal studies are needed to determine whether improved patient/provider awareness and education will translate to early diagnosis and timely management of BD/HMB in adolescents that may prevent/reduce future haematologic/gynaecologic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- L V Srivaths
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Q C Zhang
- Division of Blood Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - V R Byams
- Division of Blood Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J E Dietrich
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A H James
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - P A Kouides
- Mary M. Gooley Hemophilia Treatment Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - R Kulkarni
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Joshi B, Velhal G, Chauhan S, Kulkarni R, Begum S. Linking HIV & family planning services to improve dual methods of contraception among women infected with HIV in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Indian J Med Res 2017; 143:464-73. [PMID: 27377503 PMCID: PMC4928553 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.184286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background & objectives: Preventing unintended pregnancies among people living with HIV (PLHIV) is one of the strategies of WHO for preventing parent-to-child transmission (PPTCT). Given the limitation of only condom use, the objective of this study was to improve use of dual contraceptive methods among HIV infected women. Methods: An experimental study among HIV positive women was conducted at two tertiary care level hospitals in Mumbai. Linking HIV with family planning services was the focus of intervention at one site and standard level of care was maintained at the control site. At each site, 150 HIV+ve women attending counselling and testing centres, who did not intend to get pregnant in the next one year and were eligible to use dual methods, were enrolled and followed up to one year. Results: At the end of one year, 60 per cent women in the intervention group reached Family Planning Centres compared to eight per cent in the control group. There was three times more acceptance and continuation of use of dual methods along with increase in consistent use of condoms and less number of unplanned pregnancies in the intervention group than the control group. Interpretation & conclusions: The study findings demonstrate that linking HIV and family planning services may facilitate the uptake of dual methods of contraception without reducing consistent condom use among HIV infected women. The PPTCT programmes need to focus on the component of Prong 2 of PPTCT which aims to prevent unintended pregnancies among HIV positive women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beena Joshi
- Department of Operational Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Gajanan Velhal
- Department of Preventive & Social Medicine, T.N. Medical College & BYL Nair Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Sanjay Chauhan
- Department of Operational Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Ragini Kulkarni
- Department of Operational Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, (ICMR), Mumbai, India
| | - Shahina Begum
- Department of Operational Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, (ICMR), Mumbai, India
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Wang M, Konkle BA, Sidonio RF, Flood V, Koenig C, Kulkarni R. von Willebrand disease Outreach into Integrated Care Education (VOICE): a call to action. Haemophilia 2017; 23:e370-e373. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Wang
- University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; Aurora CO USA
| | - B. A. Konkle
- Bloodworks Northwest and University of Washington; Seattle WA USA
| | - R. F. Sidonio
- Emory University and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta; Atlanta GA USA
| | - V. Flood
- Comprehensive Center for Bleeding Disorders; Medical College of Wisconsin; Milwaukee WI USA
| | - C. Koenig
- National Hemophilia Foundation; New York NY USA
| | - R. Kulkarni
- Michigan State University; East Lansing MI USA
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Qin M, Rajan A, Shin Y, Ogawa H, Kulkarni R. 815 Evaluating the role of AIM2 expression in melanoma. J Invest Dermatol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.02.840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Matin M, Kulkarni R, Thamizhavel A, Dhar SK, Provino A, Manfrinetti P. Probing the magnetic ground state of single crystalline Ce 3TiSb 5. J Phys Condens Matter 2017; 29:145601. [PMID: 28240989 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa57c0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by the report of superconductivity in R3TiSb5 (R = La and Ce) and possibly Nd3TiSb5 at ∼4 K, we grew single crystals of La3TiSb5 and Ce3TiSb5 by the high-temperature solution method using Sn as a flux. While in both compounds we observed a superconducting transition at 3.7 K for resistivity and low-field magnetization, our data conclusively show that it arose from residual Sn flux present in the single crystals. In particular, the heat capacity data do not present any of the anomalies expected from a bulk superconducting transition. The anisotropic magnetic properties of Ce3TiSb5, crystallizing in a hexagonal P63/mcm structure, were studied in detail. We find that the Ce ions in Ce3TiSb5 form a Kondo lattice and exhibited antiferromagnetic ordering at 5.5 K with a reduced moment and a moderately normalized Sommerfeld coefficient of 598 mJ/mol K2. The characteristic single-ion Kondo energy scale was found to be ∼8 K. The magnetization data were subjected to a crystal electric field (CEF) analysis. The experimentally observed Schottky peak in the 4f-electron heat capacity of Ce3TiSb5 was reproduced fairly well by the energy levels derived from the CEF analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Matin
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics & Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai-400005, India
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41
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Limaye T, Kumaran K, Joglekar C, Bhat D, Kulkarni R, Nanivadekar A, Yajnik C. Efficacy of a virtual assistance-based lifestyle intervention in reducing risk factors for Type 2 diabetes in young employees in the information technology industry in India: LIMIT, a randomized controlled trial. Diabet Med 2017; 34:563-568. [PMID: 27589695 DOI: 10.1111/dme.13258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To investigate a virtual assistance-based lifestyle intervention to reduce risk factors for Type 2 diabetes in young employees in the information technology industry in India. METHODS LIMIT (Lifestyle Modification in Information Technology) was a parallel-group, partially blinded, randomized controlled trial. Employees in the information technology industry with ≥3 risk factors (family history of cardiometabolic disease, overweight/obesity, high blood pressure, impaired fasting glucose, hypertriglyceridaemia, high LDL cholesterol and low HDL cholesterol) from two industries were randomized to a control or an intervention (1:1) group. After initial lifestyle advice, the intervention group additionally received reinforcement through mobile phone messages (three per week) and e-mails (two per week) for 1 year. The primary outcome was change in prevalence of overweight/obesity, analysed by intention to treat. RESULTS Of 437 employees screened (mean age 36.2 ± 9.3 years; 74.8% men), 265 (61.0%) were eligible and randomized into control (n=132) or intervention (n=133) group. After 1 year, the prevalence of overweight/obesity reduced by 6.0% in the intervention group and increased by 6.8% in the control group (risk difference 11.2%; 95% CI 1.2-21.1; P=0.042). There were also significant improvements in lifestyle measurements, waist circumference, and total and LDL cholesterol in the intervention group. The number-needed-to-treat to prevent one case of overweight/obesity in 1 year was 9 (95% CI 5-82), with an incremental cost of INR10665 (£112.30) per case treated/prevented. A total of 98% of participants found the intervention acceptable. CONCLUSIONS A virtual assistance-based lifestyle intervention was effective, cost-effective and acceptable in reducing risk factors for diabetes in young employees in the information technology industry, and is potentially scalable.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Limaye
- Diabetes Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - K Kumaran
- Diabetes Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital Research Centre, Pune, India
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - C Joglekar
- Diabetes Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - D Bhat
- Diabetes Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital Research Centre, Pune, India
| | - R Kulkarni
- Just for Hearts Healthcare Pvt. Ltd., Pune, India
| | | | - C Yajnik
- Diabetes Unit, King Edward Memorial Hospital Research Centre, Pune, India
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Abstract
Many ethics committees (ECs) approving clinical trials in India have got themselves registered with the Drugs Controller General of India as per regulatory requirements. However, there is still scope to improve their functioning. Accreditation, which entails adherence to national and international standards, helps an EC to protect the rights, safety and well-being of research participants. The National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (NIRRH) ethics committee for clinical studies has received recognition, or accreditation, from the Strategic Initiative for Developing Capacity in Ethical Review (SIDCER). An EC receives recognition from SIDCER if it meets five standards related to its structure and composition; adherence to specific policies; completeness of the review process; after-review process; and documentation and archiving. The extent to which these standards have been met is assessed in various ways, such as review of the EC's records, interviews of selected EC members and observation of a full board meeting of the EC. This paper describes the experiences of the NIRRH EC during and after the process of receiving recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragini Kulkarni
- Scientist D and Member Secretary, NIRRH Ethics Committee, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, JM Street, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India,.
| | - Usha Saraiya
- Chairperson, NIRRH Ethics Committee and Consultant in Obstetrics and Gynecology, Breach Candy Hospital, Mumbai, India,.
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Quon DV, Klamroth R, Kulkarni R, Shapiro AD, Baker RI, Castaman G, Kerlin BA, Tsao E, Allen G. Low bleeding rates with increase or maintenance of physical activity in patients treated with recombinant factor VIII Fc fusion protein (rFVIIIFc) in the A-LONG and Kids A-LONG Studies. Haemophilia 2016; 23:e39-e42. [PMID: 27943467 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D V Quon
- Orthopaedic Hemophilia Treatment Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - R Klamroth
- Zentrum für Gefaßmedizin/Hämophiliezentrum, Vivantes Klinikum im Friedrichshain, Berlin, Germany
| | - R Kulkarni
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - A D Shapiro
- Indiana Hemophilia & Thrombosis Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - R I Baker
- Western Australia Centre for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - G Castaman
- Center for Bleeding Disorders, Careggi University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - B A Kerlin
- Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - E Tsao
- Biogen, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Kulkarni R, Presley RJ, Lusher JM, Shapiro AD, Gill JC, Manco-Johnson M, Koerper MA, Abshire TC, DiMichele D, Hoots WK, Mathew P, Nugent DJ, Geraghty S, Evatt BL, Soucie JM. Complications of haemophilia in babies (first two years of life): a report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Universal Data Collection System. Haemophilia 2016; 23:207-214. [PMID: 27813214 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To describe the prevalence and complications in babies ≤2 years with haemophilia. METHODS We used a standardized collection tool to obtain consented data on eligible babies aged ≤2 years with haemophilia enrolled in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Universal Data Collection System surveillance project at US Hemophilia Treatment Centers (HTCs). RESULTS Of 547 babies, 82% had haemophilia A, and 70% were diagnosed within one month of birth. Diagnosis was prompted by known maternal carrier status (40%), positive family history (23%), bleeding (35%) and unknown 2%; 81% bled during the first two years. The most common events were bleeding (circumcision, soft tissue, oral bleeding) and head injury. There were 46 episodes of intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) in 37 babies (7%): 18 spontaneous, 14 delivery related, 11 traumatic, 2 procedure related and 1 unknown cause. Of the 176 central venous access devices (CVADs) in 148 (27%) babies, there were 137 ports, 22 surgically inserted central catheters and 20 peripherally inserted central catheters. Ports had the lowest complication rates. Inhibitors occurred in 109 (20%) babies who experienced higher rates of ICH (14% vs. 5%; P = 0.002), CVAD placement (61% vs. 19%; P < 0.001) and CVAD complications (44% vs. 26%; P < 0.001). The most common replacement therapy was recombinant clotting factor concentrates. CONCLUSION Bleeding events in haemophilic babies ≤2 years were common; no detectable difference in the rates of ICH by the mode of delivery was noted. Neonatal factor exposure did not affect the inhibitor rates. Minor head trauma, soft tissue and oropharyngeal bleeding were the leading indications for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kulkarni
- Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - R J Presley
- Division of Blood Disorders Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J M Lusher
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Children's Hospital of Michigan Wayne State Medical Center, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - A D Shapiro
- Indiana Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - J C Gill
- Comprehensive Center for Bleeding Disorders, Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - M Manco-Johnson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - T C Abshire
- Blood Center of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - D DiMichele
- Division of Blood Diseases and Resources, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - W K Hoots
- National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - P Mathew
- Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA
| | - D J Nugent
- Center for Inherited Blood Disorders, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, USA
| | - S Geraghty
- University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - B L Evatt
- Division of Blood Disorders Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J M Soucie
- Division of Blood Disorders Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Abstract
Background & objectives: In India, community based data on chronic obstetric morbidities (COM) are scanty and largely derived from hospital records. The main aim of the study was to assess the community based prevalence and the factors associated with the defined COM - obstetric fistula, genital prolapse, chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and secondary infertility among women in Nashik district of Maharashtra State, India. Methods: The study was cross-sectional with self-reports followed by clinical and gynaecological examination. Six primary health centre areas in Nashik district were selected by systematic random sampling. Six months were spent on rapport development with the community following which household interviews were conducted among 1560 women and they were mobilized to attend health facility for clinical examination. Results: Of the 1560 women interviewed at household level, 1167 women volunteered to undergo clinical examination giving a response rate of 75 per cent. The prevalence of defined COM among 1167 women was genital prolapse (7.1%), chronic PID (2.5%), secondary infertility (1.7%) and fistula (0.08%). Advancing age, illiteracy, high parity, conduction of deliveries by traditional birth attendants (TBAs) and obesity were significantly associated with the occurrence of genital prolapse. History of at least one abortion was significantly associated with secondary infertility. Chronic PID had no significant association with any of the socio-demographic or obstetric factors. Interpretation & conclusions: The study findings provided an insight in the magnitude of community-based prevalence of COM and the factors associated with it. The results showed that COM were prevalent among women which could be addressed by interventions at personal, social and health services delivery level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ragini Kulkarni
- Department of Operational Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai, India
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Aledort L, Recht M, Kulkarni R, Kobrinsky N. Adult, previously untreated patients remain a significant therapeutic challenge. J Thromb Haemost 2016; 14:2075-2076. [PMID: 27496600 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L Aledort
- Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
| | - M Recht
- Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - R Kulkarni
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Chauhan S, Kulkarni R, Agarwal D. Authors' response. Indian J Med Res 2016; 143:526. [PMID: 27377514 PMCID: PMC4928564 DOI: 10.4103/0971-5916.184292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Chauhan
- Department of Operational Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai 400 012, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ragini Kulkarni
- Department of Operational Research, National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health (ICMR), Mumbai 400 012, Maharashtra, India
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Pandey A, Desai A, Ostwal V, Patil V, Kulkarni A, Kulkarni R, Patil N, Chaukar D, Prabhash K, Banavali SD. Outcome of operable oral cavity cancer and impact of maintenance metronomic chemotherapy: A retrospective study from rural India. South Asian J Cancer 2016; 5:52-5. [PMID: 27275446 PMCID: PMC4873695 DOI: 10.4103/2278-330x.181625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cavity cancer is the most common cancer among rural India. There is a paucity of data for outcomes of operable oral cavity cancer from rural India. Use of maintenance metronomic may delay or avoid relapse. AIM To evaluate outcomes of operable oral cavity carcinoma and evaluate impact of maintenance metronomic chemotherapy. OBJECTIVES To evaluate disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival (OS), and factors affecting the outcome in operable oral cavity cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data of patients diagnosed with oral cavity cancer registered between May 2008 and May 2014 were retrieved. Only those patients with operable oral cavity cancer and upfront definitive surgery were included in the study. Demographic profile, stage, tobacco consumption, adjuvant therapy, and pattern of failure were collected. Kaplan-Meir survival analysis was used to determine DFS and OS. Log-rank test was used to evaluate factors affecting outcome. RESULTS Median follow-up is 24 months. Out of 335 patients, 225 (67%) had advanced operable cancer with 42/225 (18%) and 183/225 (82%) as Stages III and IVA, respectively. Buccal mucosa was the most common subsite (178/335, 53%) followed by tongue (63/335, 19%). Ninety-two percent patients were addicted to smokeless tobacco, whereas 27% were smokers. Median DFS is 13 months with 2 years relative DFS 32%. Median OS is 30 months, with 2 years OS of 54%. Metronomic adjuvant oral chemotherapy was given in 130/225 (58%); Stage III and IVA patients with median of 14 months (3-18 months). Use of metronomic chemotherapy improved DFS (8 vs. 14 months, P = 0.22) and OS (14 vs. 26 months, P = 0.04). CONCLUSION Oral cavity cancer is a major health care problem in rural India. Presentation at advanced stage leads to suboptimal outcomes. Benefit of metronomic maintenance chemotherapy in locally advanced oral cavity needs to be further evaluated prospectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash Pandey
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India; Department of Medical Oncology, BKLWH, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India; Department of Radiation Oncology, BKLWH, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Desai
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - V Ostwal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - V Patil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - A Kulkarni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, BKLWH, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India
| | - R Kulkarni
- Department of Pathology, BKLWH, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India
| | - N Patil
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, BKLWH, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India
| | - D Chaukar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - K Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shripad D Banavali
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Mathew P, Dinter H, Church N, Humphries TJ, Kulkarni R. Inhibitors in haemophilia A: a perspective on clotting factor products as a potential contributing factor. Haemophilia 2016; 22:334-41. [PMID: 26843214 DOI: 10.1111/hae.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The occurrence of a neutralizing antibody in previously untreated patients (PUPs) with haemophilia A appears to be the result of an intricate interplay of both genetic and environmental factors. Recently, the type of factor VIII (FVIII) product used in the PUPs population has been implicated as a risk factor for inhibitor development. AIM The aim of this review was to explore in a systematic manner potential hypotheses for the product-related findings in these studies (i.e. differences in the expression system of the cell lines used to produce recombinant FVIII [rFVIII], differences in the administered antigen load or changes in clinical practice over time). RESULTS Review of the available clinical studies illustrates the high degree of variability for the risk of inhibitor development for the same products across different studies. Differences in cell lines or antigen load were not found to provide a reasonable explanation. CONCLUSION The possibility of changes in clinical practice over time and patient selection bias (i.e. the preferential use of one product over another in patients at higher risk for inhibitors) offers a potential explanation and should be carefully considered when evaluating the studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mathew
- Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc., Whippany, NJ, USA
| | - H Dinter
- Bayer Pharma AG, Leverkusen, Germany
| | - N Church
- Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc., Whippany, NJ, USA
| | - T J Humphries
- Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc., Whippany, NJ, USA
| | - R Kulkarni
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Smith TJ, Sellaturay S, Kulkarni R. A tip to improve the clarity of vision during intrarenal surgery. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2015; 98:73. [PMID: 26688413 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2016.0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T J Smith
- Ashford and St Peter's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , UK
| | - S Sellaturay
- Ashford and St Peter's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , UK
| | - R Kulkarni
- Ashford and St Peter's Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust , UK
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