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Wang X, Yang M, Ren L, Wang Q, Liang S, Li Y, Li Y, Zhan Q, Huang S, Xie K, Liu J, Li X, Wu S. Burnout and depression in college students. Psychiatry Res 2024; 335:115828. [PMID: 38518519 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2024.115828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Research on burnout has garnered considerable attention since its inception. However, the ongoing debate persists regarding the conceptual model of burnout and its relationship with depression. Thus, we conducted a network analysis to determine the dimensional structure of burnout and the burnout-depression overlap. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 were used to measure burnout and depression among 1096 college students. We constructed networks for burnout, depression, and a burnout-depression co-occurrence network. The results showed that cynicism symptom was the most central to the burnout network. In the co-occurrence network, depressive symptoms ("anhedonia", "fatigue") and burnout symptom ("doubting the significance of studies") were the most significant in causing burnout-depression comorbidity. Community detection revealed three communities within burnout symptoms, aligning closely with their three dimensions identified through factor analysis. Additionally, there was no overlap between burnout and depression. In conclusion, our findings support a multidimensional structure of burnout, affirming it as a distinct concept separate from depression. Cynicism, rather than exhaustion, plays the most important role in burnout and the burnout-depression comorbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyang Wang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mengyuan Yang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lei Ren
- Military Psychology Section, Logistics University of PAP, 300309, Tianjin, China; Military Mental Health Services & Research Center, 300309, Tianjin, China
| | - Qingyi Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shuyi Liang
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yahong Li
- Air Force Hospital of Central Theater Command, 037006, Datong, Shanxi, China
| | - Yu Li
- Academic Affair Office, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qingchen Zhan
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shen Huang
- Xi'an Research Institute of High Technology, 710000, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kangning Xie
- School of Military Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Department of Outpatient, 986 Hospital of Air Force, 710054, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinhong Li
- Department of General Practice, Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, 710038, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Shengjun Wu
- Department of Military Medical Psychology, Air Force Medical University, 710032, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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Carpi M, Bruschini M, Di Vito A, Burla F. Burnout and perceived stress among Italian physical therapists during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024; 29:843-855. [PMID: 37647243 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2253508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
High levels of burnout and psychological distress have been reported for healthcare workers, with seemingly worse outcomes after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, to date, scarce evidence has been gathered about the condition of physical therapists. This cross-sectional study investigated the three burnout dimensions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment as measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and assessed perceived stress with the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) in a sample of Italian physical therapists with the aim of examining the relationships between these variables and demographic and work-related factors. An anonymous questionnaire was administered to a convenience sample of 671 professionals from the whole nation and associations between burnout, perceived stress, and work-related variables were investigated with descriptive and inferential statistical methods. Overall, 25% of the participants showed high burnout risk (40% scored high on emotional exhaustion, 36% scored high on depersonalization, and 19% scored low on personal accomplishment), whereas 50% reported high levels of perceived stress. Having been exposed to verbal or physical aggressive behaviors at work (OR = 4.06) was associated with high burnout risk, and participants at risk were significantly younger than those showing no burnout risk (d = 0.27). Having a partner (OR = 0.54) and having children (OR = 0.56) were associated on the other hand with reduced burnout risk. Regression models identified weekly working hours (β = 0.16), exposure to aggressive behaviors at work (β = 0.12), and perceived stress (β = 0.66) as significant predictors of emotional exhaustion, gender (β = 0.18), exposure to aggressive behaviors (β = 0.09), and perceived stress (β = 0.37) as predictors of depersonalization, and gender (β=-0.1) and perceived stress (β=-0.35) as predictors of personal accomplishment.In summary, this study found high rates of burnout and psychological distress among Italian physical therapists a year after the outbreak of COVID-19. Significant relations were found between burnout, psychological distress, and both socio-demographic and work-related variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Carpi
- Department of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Bruschini
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Di Vito
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
- Education and Competence Development Unit, San Giovanni Addolorata Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Burla
- Department of Human Neurosciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Alghadier M, Almahdi MM, Alotaibi AA, AlAmri AM, Albuwait A. Burnout syndrome and its correlation with musculoskeletal disorders among physiotherapists in Saudi: A cross-sectional study. Physiother Res Int 2024; 29:e2081. [PMID: 38511600 DOI: 10.1002/pri.2081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE There is a significant impact of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) on individuals of all ages, professions, and fields from various countries worldwide, leading to a negative impact on quality of life and overall health outcomes. The study was conducted to investigate the association between Burnout syndrome (BS) and MSDs among physiotherapists in Saudi Arabia. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out. Physiotherapists of either gender and with no known co-morbidities and who were not suffering from recent injuries and accidents were included in the study. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was used to determine the level of burnout. Musculoskeletal disorders were analyzed using the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire (NMQ). The chi-square test was used to observe the association between two categorical variables and a p-value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. RESULTS A total of 133 participants were recruited and it was observed that 70 (53%) participants had low burnout levels (BoL). It was revealed that 65 (49%) had trouble in the neck and visited a physician clinic, 47 (35%) had trouble in the lower back during the last 12 months, 60 (45%) had trouble in the upper back during the last 12 months that prevented the normal activity and 13 (9.8%) participants had trouble in the shoulders during the last 7 days. History of chronic disease, education, practice setting, and smoking status with Burnout level was statistically significant. Trouble in the upper back, elbow, wrist/hands, hips/thighs, ankle/feet, and neck were also found to be significant. CONCLUSION The outcomes revealed that a few demographic factors such as education, practice setting, smoking status, and chronic disease history were significantly associated with BS. Furthermore, it was observed that MSD had a significant impact on BoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mshari Alghadier
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Abdulaziz Ashaq Alotaibi
- Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation Department, Alquwayiyah General Hospital, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aiyshah Mahdi AlAmri
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Wang S, Luo G, Ding X, Ma X, Yang F, Zhang M, Sun G, Wang F, Zhu L, Wang S, Li Z. Factors associated with burnout among frontline nurses in the post-COVID-19 epidemic era: a multicenter cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:688. [PMID: 38438971 PMCID: PMC10913257 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-18223-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly increased the risk of burnout among frontline nurses. However, the prevalence of burnout and its associated factors in the post-pandemic era remain unclear. This research aims to investigate burnout prevalence among frontline nurses in the post-pandemic period and pinpoint associated determinants in China. METHODS From April to July 2023, a cross-sectional study was carried out across multiple centers, focusing on frontline nurses who had been actively involved in the COVID-19 pandemic. The data collection was done via an online platform. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey was utilized to evaluate symptoms of burnout. A multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to pinpoint factors associated with burnout. RESULTS Of the 2210 frontline nurses who participated, 75.38% scored over the cut-off for burnout. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that factors like being female [odds ratio (OR) = 0.41, 95%CI = 0.29-0.58] and exercising 1-2 times weekly[OR = 0.53, 95%CI = 0.42-0.67] were protective factors against burnout. Conversely, having 10 or more night shifts per month[OR = 1.99, 95%CI = 1.39-2.84], holding a master's degree or higher[OR = 2.86, 95% CI = 1.59-5.15], poor health status[OR = 2.43, 95% CI = 1.93-3.08] and [OR = 2.82, 95%CI = 1.80-4.43], under virus infection[OR = 7.12, 95%CI = 2.10-24.17], and elevated work-related stress[OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.17-2.00] were all associated with an elevated risk of burnout. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that post-pandemic burnout among frontline nurses is influenced by several factors, including gender, monthly night shift frequency, academic qualifications, weekly exercise frequency, health condition, and viral infection history. These insights can inform interventions aimed at safeguarding the mental well-being of frontline nurses in the post-pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shitao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China.
| | - Guoshuai Luo
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - XiangQian Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuelu Ma
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Mengen Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Guangxin Sun
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
| | - Liping Zhu
- Ya'an People's Hospital, Sichuan University, Yaan, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Laboratory of Biological Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Tianjin Anding Hospital, Mental Health Center of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zongyou Li
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Fuyang People's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, China
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Gasciauskaite G, Lunkiewicz J, Braun J, Kolbe M, Seelandt J, Spahn DR, Nöthiger CB, Tscholl DW. Burnout and its determinants among anaesthesia care providers in Switzerland: a multicentre cross-sectional study. Anaesthesia 2024; 79:168-177. [PMID: 37970939 DOI: 10.1111/anae.16171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
The escalating epidemic of burnout in healthcare professionals affects provider well-being, patient care and sustainability of healthcare systems. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of burnout among anaesthesia care providers (consultants, trainees or nurse anaesthetists) in Switzerland and identify risk factors to develop strategies for prevention. This multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted at 22 anaesthesia departments in the German-speaking part of Switzerland, using an online questionnaire. Burnout assessment was performed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory. Additionally, the questionnaire included questions on workplace and personal risk factors. Of 1630 anaesthesia care providers contacted, 688 (42%) completed the survey. Among respondents who specified their work positions (n = 676), 52% (149/287) of nurses and 59% (229/389) of physicians were at high risk of burnout; and 9% (26/287) of nurses and 18% (70/389) of physicians met the criteria for burnout syndrome. Logistic regression analysis found significant associations between burnout and perceived lack of support at work among physicians (odds ratio (95%CI) 2.66 (1.40-5.24), p = 0.004); being a trainee in the 1st and 2nd year of training (2.91 (1.14-7.41), p = 0.024); being a trainee with > 5 years of experience (2.78 (1.08-6.98), p = 0.031); and male gender among nurses (4.13 (1.62-11.2), p = 0.004) and physicians (2.32 (1.22-4.47), p = 0.011). Work-related errors due to high workload or fatigue were reported by 65% (444/688) and consideration of leaving the profession due to working conditions was expressed by 46% (319/688) of respondents. Anaesthetic care providers in German-speaking Switzerland experience a considerable prevalence of burnout, influenced mainly by workplace factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gasciauskaite
- Institute of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Lunkiewicz
- Institute of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Braun
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Kolbe
- Simulation Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - J Seelandt
- Director of Training and Faculty Development, Simulation Centre, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D R Spahn
- Institute of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C B Nöthiger
- Institute of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - D W Tscholl
- Institute of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Abraham A, Chaabna K, Sheikh JI, Mamtani R, Jithesh A, Khawaja S, Cheema S. Burnout increased among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:2569. [PMID: 38297145 PMCID: PMC10831088 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-52923-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Generally, university students are at risk of burnout. This likely was exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate burnout prevalence among university students during the COVID-19 pandemic and examine its distribution across countries, sexes, fields of study, and time-period. PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, World Health Organization's Global COVID-19 database, Scopus, Epistemonikos, ERIC and Google Scholar were searched (protocol: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/BYRXW ). Studies were independently screened and extracted. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed. Study quality was appraised, and certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. We identified 44 primary studies comprising 26,500 students. Global prevalence rates were 56.3% for high emotional exhaustion (EE), 55.3% for high cynicism (CY) and 41.8% for low personal accomplishment (PA). Prevalence of EE, CY, and PA domains varied significantly across fields of study, countries and WHO and World Bank regions, but not sex. All studies demonstrated good internal validity, although substantial heterogeneity existed between studies. The certainty of evidence was rated as moderate. Considering its potentially severe consequences, burnout is a significant public health concern. The development and implementation of evidence-based localized interventions at organizational and individual levels are necessary to mitigate burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Abraham
- Institute for Population Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Karima Chaabna
- Institute for Population Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Javaid I Sheikh
- Office of the Dean, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ravinder Mamtani
- Institute for Population Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Anupama Jithesh
- Institute for Population Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Salina Khawaja
- Institute for Population Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Sohaila Cheema
- Institute for Population Health, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
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Zhang M, Xu W, Zhou H, Fan J, Liu H. Impact of COVID-19 on Academic Burnout among Medical College Students in China: Findings from a Web-Based Survey. Med Sci Monit 2024; 30:e942317. [PMID: 38291742 PMCID: PMC10840366 DOI: 10.12659/msm.942317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Academic burnout can affect students' academic behavior and performance and especially damages the careers of medical college students. Medical education systems during the COVID-19 pandemic have met unprecedented challenges that have influenced medical students. This study aimed to explore the effects of psychological resilience, stress, and smartphone addiction on academic burnout among Chinese medical students. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study utilized a cross-sectional design, from March 13, 2022 to March 31, 2022, within the Wannan Medical College, where students completed a web-based survey. The Chinese version of the Academic Burnout Scale (ABS), the 10-item Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC 10) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4) were used in this survey. Data entry and analysis were conducted using IBM SPSS ver. 22.0. Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) was used to examine the correlations between medical college students' academic burnout and smartphone addiction and mental health. Binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to evaluate the factors influencing academic burnout. RESULTS Of 3190 medical college students who completed the survey, 1521 (47.7%) had some degree of academic burnout. Gender, being a student leader, grades, perceived stress, and smartphone addiction were associated with the total score of academic burnout. Psychological resilience and adapting to online classes were protective factors against academic burnout. CONCLUSIONS Academic burnout is common among medical college students in China after the COVID-19 pandemic, and it is urgent to address this situation to improve the quality of medical education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, PR China
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, PR China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, PR China
| | - Haoran Zhou
- School of Nursing, Wannan Medical College. Wuhu, Anhui, PR China
| | - Junjun Fan
- Graduate School, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, PR China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Hemodialysis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui, PR China
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He JJ, Wang ZJ, Liu XN, Wang YP, Zhao CX, Lu F, Zhang SE, Cao DP. Moderating role of family functioning and resource support in the relationship between career calling and academic burnout among Chinese medical students during the controlled COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study. Ann Med 2023; 55:2294334. [PMID: 38104532 PMCID: PMC10732215 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2294334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This cross-sectional study aims to assess the level of academic burnout among Chinese medical students during the controlled COVID-19 pandemic and identify the potential demographic factors affecting academic burnout. It also explored the relationship between career calling, family functioning, resource support, and academic burnout, as well as investigated whether family functioning and resource support could moderate the relationship between career calling and academic burnout among Chinese medical students. METHODS The study was conducted in five Chinese cities in 2021. A total of 3614 valid questionnaires were collected to assess the relationship between academic burnout, career calling, family functioning, and resource support, and determine whether demographic factors contribute to academic burnout. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to explore factors correlated with academic burnout and test the moderating effect of family functioning and resource support on the relationship between career calling and academic burnout. RESULTS The mean academic burnout score was 3.29 ± 1.17. Sex, major, academic performance ranking, monthly living expenses, physical health, and sleep quality significantly affected academic burnout (p < 0.05). Academic burnout was negatively correlated with career calling, resource support, and family functioning. Family functioning and resource support moderated the relationship between career calling and academic burnout. Simple slope analysis revealed that high family functioning and resource support strengthened the impact of career calling on academic burnout. CONCLUSIONS Most medical students in China experienced relatively high levels of academic burnout during the controlled COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, specific demographic factors contribute to academic burnout. Family functioning and resource support moderate the relationship between career calling and academic burnout. These findings emphasize the importance of implementing career-calling education, supplementing family functioning in the form of school support, and providing sufficient smart learning resources among medical students in the post-pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Jun He
- Department of Health Management,School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi-Jiao Wang
- Department of Health Management,School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ning Liu
- Department of Health Management,School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Ping Wang
- Department of Health Management,School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen-Xi Zhao
- Academic Affairs Office, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Feng Lu
- Department of Health Management,School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-E Zhang
- Department of Health Management,School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
| | - De-Pin Cao
- Department of Health Management,School of Health Management, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People’s Republic of China
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Oluwadiya KS, Olasinde AA, Adeoti AO, Adeoye O, Oluwadiya IO, Kadiri IA. The high cost of healing and teaching: a cross-sectional survey of burnout among academic physicians in Nigeria. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:1357. [PMID: 38053092 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-10366-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Globally, the medical and teaching professions are two major professions with the highest prevalence of burnout, and academic physicians bestride the two professions. This study investigated the prevalence and associated factors of burnout among academic physicians working in tertiary hospitals in Nigeria. METHODOLOGY This was a self-administered online survey. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory for Educators (MBI-ES) on Google Form and sent to 256 academic physicians in tertiary hospitals across Nigeria using the WhatsApp broadcast feature. MBI-ES was categorized into two categories (Burnout and No Burnout), and binary logistic regression was used to test the influence of 13 predictors on the three dimensions of MBI-ES as well as MBI in its entirety. FINDINGS A total of 155 academic physicians responded, resulting in a response rate of 60.5%. There were 121 (80.7%) males and 29 (19.3%) females (five cases respondents omitted this detail). Eighty-seven respondents exhibited moderate to high burnout in at least one of the dimensions of the MBI, translating to a prevalence rate of 57.7% in our study. Five variables, number of peer reviewed articles published, hours of weekly teaching, enjoyment of academic writing, apathy to teaching and religion were all significantly associated with burnout. Moderate to high emotional exhaustion was reported by 30.8% (45 respondents), moderate to high depersonalization by 5.5% (8 respondents),, and low to moderate personal accomplishment by 43.5% (67 respondents).Eight variables: religion, geopolitical zone of practice, enjoyment of academic writing, apathy toward teaching, university ownership, number of published peer-reviewed articles, salary, and supplementary income were significantly associated with emotional exhaustion, while the number of weeks spent teaching in a year and teaching hours/week were significantly associated with depersonalization and personal accomplishment, respectively. Age (OR 1.302, CI 1.080-1.570), Teaching hours/week (OR 0.924, CI 0.854-0.999), Salary (OR 0.996, CI 0.993-1.0), and supplementary salary (OR 0.996, CI 0.993-0.999) were found to significantly predict emotional exhaustion. CONCLUSION The study reveals a high prevalence of burnout (57.7%) among academic physicians in Nigeria, highlighting an urgent need for targeted interventions and policy changes. Given the significant role these professionals play in healthcare and medical education, immediate action is essential to address this issue. Future research should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of preventive measures and exploring the long-term impacts of burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony A Olasinde
- Department of Surgery, Kampala International University (Western Campus), Ishaka-Bushenyi, Uganda
| | | | - Oyewole Adeoye
- Department of Psychiatry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Oyo State, Nigeria
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Dikicier S, Korkmaz C, Atay A, Yilmaz MD. Evaluation of burnout and stress perception levels of Turkish dental laboratory technicians according to affecting factors during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ann Med 2023; 55:860-868. [PMID: 36896488 PMCID: PMC10795599 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2184487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused healthcare professionals to face unequal acute workplace stress and burnout. This study aimed to analyze the potential impact of COVID-19 on the burnout and associated emotional stress conditions of Turkish dental technicians. METHODS A 20-question demographic scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Sense of Coherence-13 (SoC-13), and Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) were used to obtain data. A total of 152 participants answered these surveys directly and reported their stress burnout levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS Of all participants who agreed to participate in the survey, 39.5% were females and 60.5% were males. Regardless of demographic variables, the MBI-total (37.2 ± 11.71), SoC-13 total (53.81 ± 10.29), and PSS-10 total (21.25 ± 5.5) scores indicated moderate burnout, SoC, and perceived stress levels. According to sub-scores of the MBI; mean emotional exhaustion and depersonalization indicate low-level burnout, and mean personal accomplishment indicates moderate burnout. Long working hours increase burnout. No significant differences were observed according to demographic variables, except for work experience. A positive correlation was found between perceived stress and burnout. CONCLUSIONS The findings showed that dental technicians working during the COVID-19 pandemic are influenced by emotional stress due to the outcomes of the pandemic. One reason for this situation might be the long working hours. Working arrangements, under-controlled disease risk factors, and lifestyle changes may improve stress levels.Key MessagesCOVID-19 outbreak exposed psychological returns to the general population, and especially to healthcare workers.Questionnaire method was applied to evaluate the burnout and stress levels among dental laboratory technicians during COVID-19 outbreak.Moderate levels of burnout and stress perception were detected. Long working time was one of the effective factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Dikicier
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cumhur Korkmaz
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arzu Atay
- Department of Prosthodontics, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
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Szigeti R, Balázs N, Urbán R. Antecedents and components of burnout among Hungarian teachers in a cross-sectional study: Development of the Burnout Antecedents and Components Questionnaire. Acta Psychol (Amst) 2023; 241:104080. [PMID: 37976918 DOI: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.104080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have focused more on the outcome than on the antecedents of burnout. We aimed to develop a new measurement tool for burnout, including the antecedents and different components drawing from theories of the developmental aspect of burnout. METHODS In this cross-sectional study we tested the Burnout Antecedents and Components Questionnaire on a convenience sample of teachers (n = 618, 83.9 % women; mean age 44.52 years). We used confirmatory factor analyses to test our measurement model. We examined the concurrent validity with the Maslach Burnout Inventory. We also tested construct validity with depression, overcommitment, demographic characteristics and work-related factors. RESULTS The confirmatory factor analyses supported our measurement model with seven primary factors (need to prove oneself, overload of tasks, neglecting one's needs, conflict between values, interpersonal conflicts, passivity, and emotional drain) and three second-order factors (excessive effort, conflict, and total depletion). The covariates in the Maslach Burnout Inventory showed that emotional exhaustion had a strong relationship with the first- and second-order factors. Overcommitment showed a stronger relationship with factors at the beginning whereas depression showed a stronger relationship with factors at the end of the process. Demographic characteristics and work-related factors did not show strong associations. CONCLUSIONS The Burnout Antecedents and Components Questionnaire is a promising measurement tool with good convergent validity. Future research should further validate our questionnaire for burnout research, prevention, and screening. It adds a new dimension to the measurement of burnout. The approach involving the antecedents in measuring burnout among teachers can guide future research and tailored prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Réka Szigeti
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE PPK), Budapest, Hungary; Mental Health for Wellbeing Foundation, Calmschool Project, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Noémi Balázs
- Doctoral School of Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE PPK), Budapest, Hungary; Mental Health for Wellbeing Foundation, Calmschool Project, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Róbert Urbán
- Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE PPK), Budapest, Hungary.
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María Diaz Vizcaya R, José Rodríguez Rivas M, Mariño Méndez H, Teresa Alvés Pérez M, López Castro J. Euro-Burn I: Assessment of burnout syndrome in health workers in a mediterranean country during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Int J Soc Psychiatry 2023; 69:1682-1692. [PMID: 37226889 PMCID: PMC10225802 DOI: 10.1177/00207640231174364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout syndrome (BS) has a negative impact among health professionals. AIMS Our research objective is to quantify the level of burnout in health workers of the Spanish National Health System during the COVID-19 pandemic using and comparing two independent measurement instruments. METHODS Cross-sectional, descriptive and multicenter study conducted through an anonymous online survey among health workers of the National Health System, measuring the level of burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory (CBI). RESULTS A total of 448 questionnaires were analyzed, the mean age of the participants was 43.53 years (range: 20-64), 365 (81.5%) women. 161 (35.9%) participants presented BS measured with the MBI and 304 (67.9%) measured with the CBI. Regarding work contract, those who had greater job stability presented a higher degree of cynicism with respect to the eventual ones (p = .010), the eventual ones presenting higher mean scores in professional efficacy (p = .034). Urban workers had higher scores of exhaustion (p < .001) and cynicism (p < .001) than those living in rural areas. When comparing both tests, a high predictive value for exhaustion and cynicism was found to measure BS through the CBI (AUC = 0.92 and 0.84, respectively) and a low AUC with respect to the predictive value for efficacy (AUC = 0, 59). CONCLUSIONS The results obtained show a high level of BS among the health workers who participated in our study. Both tests have an excellent correlation in the degree of exhaustion and cynicism, but not in efficacy. The BS measurement must be performed with at least two validated instruments to increase its reliability.
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Liu H, Zhang Z, Chi C, Tao X, Zhang M. Exploring the Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Academic Burnout Among Nursing College Students in China: A Web-Based Survey. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2023; 29:e940997. [PMID: 37963323 PMCID: PMC10624139 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.940997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has brought changes and challenges to nursing students. However, little is known about the prevalence of academic burnout among nursing students in this challenging circumstance. This study aimed to assess nursing student academic burnout and its influencing factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a sample survey of a 4-year undergraduate nursing university in Wuhu, Anhui Province, China. The social-demographic information questionnaire, Academic Burnout Scale, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Impact of Event Scale-6, Patient Health Questionnaire-2, and Professional Identity Scale were used. Stepwise multiple linear regression was used to clarify the relationship among sociodemographic characteristics, resilience, and academic burnout. RESULTS Of all the study participants, 51.30% had a certain degree of academic burnout. Academic year, satisfaction with specialty, satisfaction with online learning, professional identity, and psychological resilience were negatively correlated with academic burnout among nursing students. Depression was positively correlated with academic burnout. CONCLUSIONS Nursing students had a high degree of academic burnout. Academic year, satisfaction with specialty, satisfaction with online learning, professional identity, and psychological resilience were protective factors that reduced nursing students' academic burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Liu
- Department of Hemodialysis, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui, PR China
| | - Ziyu Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, PR China
| | - Chenru Chi
- Graduate School of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, PR China
| | - Xiubin Tao
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, Anhui, PR China
| | - Ming Zhang
- School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, PR China
- School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui, PR China
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Korkmaz C, Dikicier S, Atay A. Assessment of burnout level among clinical dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic. BMC Med Educ 2023; 23:767. [PMID: 37833687 PMCID: PMC10576299 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04729-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) outbreak has caused especially health workers to face mental and physical problems all over the world. The aim of this study is to evaluate burnout, stress perception and perceived social support levels of clinical (the fourth and fifth year) dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS The Sociodemographic Information Form (SIF), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Sense of Coherence-13 (SoC-13), Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were used for data. Questionnaires were answered directly or online by the participants. RESULTS A total of 211 participants, 67.8% were female, 32.2% were male. Of these, 96.2% were aged 20-24 years, 84.4% were nuclear family, 11.8% were extended family, and 3.8% were blended family, and 91.5% were willingly for dentistry choice. Based on the results; the total burnout score indicated moderate burnout (41.99 ± 9.94), the SoC-13 scale indicated a strong sense of coherence (55.24 ± 7.21), the PSS-10 score (22.44 ± 3.44) indicated moderate perceived stress and the MSPSS score (65.92 ± 13.22) indicated high perceived social support. A positive correlation was found between perceived stress and burnout. Based on the personal accomplishment subscale; females, those living in extended family, and those who unwillingly choose dentistry among the clinical dental students had higher intense burnout (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The findings demonstrated that clinical dental students were affected by the emotional stress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic conditions. In the education of dentistry faculties, it would be appropriate to carry out comprehensive studies on adaptation to the changing living conditions with the COVID-19 pandemic and taking the necessary measures for the psychological distress caused by the difficulties experienced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cumhur Korkmaz
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hamidiye Faculty of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Selimiye mah. Tibbiye cad. No:38, Uskudar, İstanbul, 34668, Turkey.
| | - Sibel Dikicier
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hamidiye Faculty of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Selimiye mah. Tibbiye cad. No:38, Uskudar, İstanbul, 34668, Turkey
| | - Arzu Atay
- Department of Prosthodontics, Hamidiye Faculty of Dentistry, University of Health Sciences, Selimiye mah. Tibbiye cad. No:38, Uskudar, İstanbul, 34668, Turkey
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Zhu L, Hou J, Zhou B, Xiao X, Wang J, Jia W. Physical activity, problematic smartphone use, and burnout among Chinese college students. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16270. [PMID: 37842034 PMCID: PMC10576493 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between physical activity (PA), problematic smartphone use (PSU), and burnout, as well as to identify whether there is a mediating role for PSU. We recruited 823 college students (Mage = 18.55, SD = 0.83) from Wuhan, China, in December 2022, including 499 males and 324 females. Demographic information, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF), the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version (SAS-SV), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS) were used for assessments. Pearson correlation analysis showed that PA was significantly associated with PSU (r = -0.151, p < 0.001), PSU was significantly associated with burnout (r = 0.421, p < 0.001), and the association between PA and burnout was not statistically significant (r = -0.046, p > 0.05). The results of the mediation model test showed that PA could not predict burnout directly; it instead predicted burnout entirely indirectly through PSU. Furthermore, PSU mediated the predictive effect of PA on exhaustion and cynicism. In conclusion, there is no direct connection between PA levels and burnout. PA indirectly affects burnout through PSU, but does not fully apply to the three different dimensions of exhaustion, cynicism, and professional efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianghao Zhu
- School of Physical Education, Hubei Business College, Wuhan, China
| | - Junli Hou
- School of Physical Education, Hubei Business College, Wuhan, China
| | - Bojun Zhou
- School of Kinesiology, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Xiao
- School of Physical Education, Hubei Business College, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingqiang Wang
- School of Physical Education, Hubei Business College, Wuhan, China
| | - Wanping Jia
- Center for International Education, Philippine Christian University, Manila, Philippines
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Phuspa SM, Alim S, Dharmastuti A, Saefudin MA, Lutfiyah NU, Sutomo AH. Instruments for assessing health workers' burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic: a scoping review. J Ment Health 2023; 32:935-950. [PMID: 36068961 DOI: 10.1080/09638237.2022.2118689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, health workers' workload is increasing, with the risk of burnout. Several instruments for assessing burnout have been developed since the concept was coined in the 1970s. It is important to map and describe the application of burnout instruments for health workers in the current COVID-19 pandemic situation. AIMS This article aimed to map and describe what instruments are used and variations of their application to research burnout in health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This scoping review searched articles systematically through 7 databases (PubMed, Clinical Key, Scopus, EBSCOhost, APA PsycINFO, Science Direct, and Wiley Online Library). Articles were screened and analyzed following the Arksey and O'Malley framework. RESULTS From 507 results, 31 peer-reviewed articles were selected. These studies involved 33,879 participants from various health professions. Generally, the research instrument is still dominated by Maslach Burnout Inventory. Applications of burnout measurements vary widely because there is no consensus on the concept of burnout assessment. CONCLUSION Inconsistency in burnout-measuring tools can be seen as providing flexibility and alternatives, but at the same time, it is a gap that challenges researchers to develop more comprehensive instruments, especially for the burnout phenomenon in health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisca Mayang Phuspa
- Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing at Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Faculty of Health Science at Universitas Darussalam Gontor, Ponorogo, Indonesia
| | - Syahirul Alim
- Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing at Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | | | | | | | - Adi Heru Sutomo
- Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing at Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
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Erjavec K, Leskovic L. Long-term healthcare professionals' experiences of burnout and correlation between burnout and fatigue: a cross-sectional study. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2023; 36:396-405. [PMID: 37681427 PMCID: PMC10663998 DOI: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.02182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to analyze the long-term burnout levels of healthcare professionals (HCPs) working in Slovenian nursing homes during the fifth wave of the pandemic; to compare the results of similar facilities in 2020 and 2013; and to examine the correlation between demographics and burnout and fatigue among HCPs. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study used a descriptive, correlational cross-sectional method. RESULTS In the fifth wave, HCPs suffered more from emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and lack of personal accomplishment than in the first wave of the pandemic and in the spring of 2013. The HCPs caring for COVID-19 patients and younger women had higher rates of burnout and fatigue than other occupational groups. There is a strong positive correlation between burnout and fatigue. CONCLUSIONS There is an urgent need to address the problem of fatigue and burnout with administrative measures. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(3):396-405.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karmen Erjavec
- University of Novo mesto, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Communication, Novo mesto, Slovenia
| | - Ljiljana Leskovic
- University of Novo mesto, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Healthcare, Novo mesto, Slovenia
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Rizzo A, Yıldırım M, Öztekin GG, Carlo AD, Nucera G, Szarpak Ł, Zaffina S, Chirico F. Nurse burnout before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic comparative review. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1225431. [PMID: 37732086 PMCID: PMC10507882 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1225431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This review aimed to compare available evidence examining burnout using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) in nurses before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The specific objective was to compare nurse burnout scores in terms of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted for studies on nurses' burnout using the MBI published between 1994 and 2022. In total, 19 studies conducted prior to the pandemic and 16 studies conducted during the pandemic were included and compared using the criteria from the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tool. Results Surprisingly, the results indicated that nurses' burnout scores did not differ significantly before (N = 59,111) and during (N = 18,629) the pandemic. The difference observed was qualitative rather than quantitative. Discussion The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated an already critical situation, and while COVID-19 may serve as an additional triggering factor for staff mental illness, it cannot solely explain the observed burnout levels. These findings underscore the need for long-term clinical and preventive psychological interventions, suggesting that psychological resources should not be limited to emergencies but extended to address the ongoing challenges faced by nurses. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?RecordID=399628, identifier: CRD42023399628.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Rizzo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Murat Yıldırım
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Türkiye
| | - Gülçin Güler Öztekin
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Science and Letters, Agri Ibrahim Cecen University, Agri, Türkiye
| | - Alessandro De Carlo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Gabriella Nucera
- Department of Emergency, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, ASST Fatebenefratelli and Sacco, Milan, Italy
| | - Łukasz Szarpak
- Institute of Outcomes Research, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Medical Academy, Warsaw, Poland
- Research Unit, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Bialystok Oncology Center, Bialystok, Poland
- Henry JN Taub Department of Emergency Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Salvatore Zaffina
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Scientific Institutes for Research and Care (IRCCS), Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Chirico
- Post-Graduate School of Occupational Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Health Service Department, Italian State Police, Ministry of the Interior, Centro Sanitario Polifunzionale, Milan, Italy
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Wang J, Huang X, Wang M, Huang L, Wang Y. Depression and burnout among Chinese nurses during COVID-19 pandemic: a mediation and moderation analysis model among frontline nurses and nonfrontline nurses caring for COVID-19 patients. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:639. [PMID: 37653389 PMCID: PMC10472602 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05006-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the COVID-19 pandemic, nurses' workload increased dramatically, and nurses faced the risk of infection and multiple ethical dilemmas. In such a situation, nurse burnout was elevated, which tended to exacerbate depression in nurses. Although previous studies have demonstrated the relationship between burnout and depression among nurses, the exact mechanisms remain unclear. Furthermore, environmental factors are also essential to a person's psychological health. Therefore, this study intended to investigate the potential mechanisms of depression caused by nurse burnout and whether burnout among frontline nurses during the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated its effect on depression in nurses as an environmental factor. METHODS A total of 4517 nurses were enrolled in this study. A moderated mediation model was established to investigate the relationship between burnout and positive coping styles, interpersonal relationships, and depression utilizing the SPSS PROCESS 3.3 macro. The direct effect of burnout on depression was also investigated with the moderated mediation model. RESULTS The indirect effects of positive coping styles (β = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.04) and interpersonal relationships (β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.10 to 0.13) were revealed. Being a frontline nurse caring for COVID-19 patients moderated the direct effect of burnout on depression (β = 0.12, 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.16). CONCLUSION This study offers strong evidence for the mediating role of positive coping styles and interpersonal relationships in the relationship between nurse burnout and depression, in addition to illustrating the need for more psychological support for frontline nurses caring for COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjun Wang
- Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Huang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Huang
- School of Nursing, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Tecnology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Department of Nursing, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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Fong TCT, Chang K, Sit HF, Ho RTH. Associations between COVID-19 mental impact and distress, resilience, burnout and well-being in Hong Kong community adults: A structural equation model. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2023; 28:1803-1817. [PMID: 37415290 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2023.2229235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic poses substantial risks to individuals' physical and mental health and prolonged psychological responses to the pandemic could lead to emotional exhaustion. The present study aimed to examine the mediating role of COVID-19 related mental impact and distress in the relationship among resilience, burnout, and well-being. The present study recruited 500 community adults (mean age = 38.8 years, SD = 13.9; 76% females) in Hong Kong via an online survey in autumn 2021. The participants completed the Mental Impact and Distress Scale: COVID-19 (MIDc) and validated measures on resilience, burnout, and well-being. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to evaluate the psychometric properties of the MIDc. Direct and indirect effects of resilience on burnout and well-being via MIDc were examined via structural equation modeling. Confirmatory factor analysis supported factorial validity for the three factors of MIDc (situational impact, anticipation, and modulation). Resilience showed negative effects on the MIDc (β = -0.69, SE = 0.04, p < 0.01) and burnout (β = 0.23, SE = 0.06, p < 0.01). Burnout was positively associated with MIDc (β = 0.63, SE = 0.06, p < 0.01) and negatively associated with well-being (β = -0.47, SE = 0.07, p < 0.01). Resilience showed a significant and positive indirect effect (αβγ = 0.203, 95% CI = 0.131 to 0.285) on well-being via MIDc and burnout. The results support a potential mediating role for MIDc as psychological responses in the relationship among resilience and burnout and well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ted C T Fong
- Centre on Behavioral Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Kay Chang
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau SAR
| | - Hao Fong Sit
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Rainbow T H Ho
- Centre on Behavioral Health, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR
- Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR
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Daryanto B, Kurniawan J, Wiranigitasari, Hioe F, Nurhadi P, Yudhantara DS. Prevalence of burnout and its associated factors among medical students during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285986. [PMID: 37384674 PMCID: PMC10309627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Shifting learning process due to COVID-19 has led to increased burnout prevalence among medical students. Thus, this study aimed to assess burnout prevalence and its associated factors among Indonesian medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic. An online cross-sectional study was carried out among medical students in Malang, Indonesia. Burnout was assessed using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey tool. Pearson's Chi-square was used to assess significant associations, and binary logistic regression was conducted to evaluate the relationships between the predictor variables and burnout. The difference of each subscale score was evaluated using an independent sample t test. This study analyzed 413 medical students with a mean age of 21.1 ± 1.4 years old. About 29.5% and 32.9% of students reported a high level of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, respectively, resulting in 17.9% of burnout prevalence. Stage of study was the only sociodemographic factor independently associated with burnout prevalence (odds ratio = 0.180, 95% confidence interval = 0.079-0.410, p-values = 0.000). Preclinical students had significantly higher levels of emotional exhaustion (p-value = 0.004, d = 0.3) and depersonalization (p-value = 0.000, d = 1.1), and lower levels of personal accomplishment (p-value = 0.000, d = -0.5). Around one-sixth of the medical students experienced burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic, with preclinical students being more prone to have burnout. Future study with other adjusted confounding factors is needed to completely understand the issue and obtain immediate interventional strategies to reduce burnout among medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Besut Daryanto
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang City, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Jemmy Kurniawan
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang City, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Wiranigitasari
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang City, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Felicia Hioe
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang City, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Pradana Nurhadi
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang City, East Java, Indonesia
| | - Dearisa Surya Yudhantara
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang City, East Java, Indonesia
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22
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Ilić IM, Ilić MD. The relationship between the burnout syndrome and academic success of medical students: a cross-sectional study. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2023; 74:134-141. [PMID: 37357875 PMCID: PMC10291497 DOI: 10.2478/aiht-2023-74-3719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The burnout syndrome may affect academic achievement, but research on burnout and academic success of medical students is sparse. This research aimed to estimate the prevalence of high risk of burnout in students of medicine and to investigate its association with academic performance. It included 760 full-time medical students who completed the survey (response rate = 90.9 %). A significant independent predictor for high burnout risk in students with lower grade point average (GPA) was male gender (adjusted OR=2.44; 95 % CI=1.14-5.23; P=0.022). Among students with higher GPA, high burnout risk was associated with the use of sedatives (adjusted OR=6.44; 95 % CI=1.80-22.99; P=0.004).
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Affiliation(s)
- Irena M. Ilić
- University of Belgrade Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena D. Ilić
- University of Kragujevac Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, Kragujevac, Serbia
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23
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Kossewska J, Tomaszek K, Macałka E. Time Perspective Latent Profile Analysis and Its Meaning for School Burnout, Depression, and Family Acceptance in Adolescents. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:ijerph20085433. [PMID: 37107715 PMCID: PMC10138429 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20085433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to apply latent profile analysis (LPA) to (a) empirically identify adolescents' profiles based on their time perspective (TP), using a person-centered approach; (b) outline the identified profiles across student burnout, depression, and perceived family acceptance; and (c) establish differences between pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 students. Cross-sectional data were collected through an online survey of 668 adolescents. The participants completed the Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale (KADS), Student School Burnout Scale (SSBS), Time Perspective Inventory (TPI), and Perceived Family Acceptance (PFA) items. Five subtypes of TP were found: hedonistic youth focused mainly on the present time; hedonistic youths focused on the present and future time; fatalistic youths focused on the present and negative past time; future-oriented youths with a positive perception of the past; and hedonistic youths focused on the present with a mild past-negative time perspective. These five profiles were compared for the variables of student burnout, depression, and perceived family acceptance. Scores from SSBS, KADS, and PFA showed a statistical difference across the five subtypes, with the most intensive mental health, social, and educational problems in profile 5. The level of SSBS was significantly different in the pre-COVID-19 and post-COVID-19 samples; however, no significant differences were found in KADS and PFA. Thus, perspective should be emphasized in adolescents with burnout and depression symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kossewska
- Institute of Special Education, School Education and Teachers Education, Pedagogical University of Krakow, 30-084 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Emilia Macałka
- Rehabilitation and Educational Center, 32-340 Wolbrom, Poland
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24
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Andrade D, Ribeiro IJS, Máté O. Academic burnout among master and doctoral students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4745. [PMID: 36959340 PMCID: PMC10034888 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31852-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 outbreak has had an immense impact on academic life and public health. Graduate students had experienced obligatory curfews and quarantines due to the COVID-19 outbreak directly impacting their mental health and triggering academic burnout. In this cross-sectional study, we address the issue of mental health in graduate students by relating it to the factors associated with burnout syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 519 graduate students from master's and Ph.D./DLA degrees across universities in Hungary and other European countries participated in this study. The Copenhagen burnout inventory student version was used to evaluate burnout syndrome as an outcome. Our findings displayed burnout significantly lower among graduate students who had good sleep quality, receive high levels of support from their university, and were satisfied with how their university dealt with the pandemic. The excessive consumption of alcohol, the use of antidepressants, being single, and thinking about dropping out showed as predictive factors of burnout. The results add to emergent evidence on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health and the predicted factors of academic burnout among master and doctoral students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Andrade
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
| | | | - Orsolya Máté
- Doctoral School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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25
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Holas P, Wojtkowiak N, Gambin M, Hansen K, Kmita G, Pisula E, Bargiel-Matusiewicz K, Łojek E. Factors associated with burnout in Polish healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1018612. [PMID: 36684886 PMCID: PMC9845869 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1018612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has placed the healthcare system under substantial strain that has caused elevated psychological distress among healthcare workers (HCWs). Previous studies have found a high prevalence of burnout among HCWs exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic and have delineated some associated factors, but further research is needed. Little is known, for example, whether the economic status of HCWs or experiencing negative and positive emotions contribute to burnout. The present study was meant to fill this gap. Methods A total of 412 HCWs (i.e.: nurses - 47%, physicians-28%, psychologists-14%, and other healthcare professionals-11%), aged 21-69 years (M = 36.63; SD = 11.76) participated in a web-based cross-sectional study. Data was collected from June to November 2020. The participants filled out measures assessing two dimensions of burnout (Exhaustion and Disengagement), depression, generalized anxiety, positive and negative emotions, along with the survey evaluating organizational aspects of their work during the pandemic. Results Burnout thresholds were met by 54 and 66% of respondents for Disengagement and Exhaustion, respectively, which is high but comparable to levels found in other countries during the pandemic. Similarly to previous work, depression and anxiety were high in HCWs, with 24 % of them being in the risk group for clinical severity of depression and 34% in the risk group for a clinical generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Regression analysis showed that the intensity of negative emotions was the strongest predictor of Exhaustion, whereas the intensity of positive emotions was the strongest predictor of Disengagement. Depression and GAD symptoms were positively related to Exhaustion, and economic status was inversely related to Disengagement. Discussion These results suggest that distress in HCWs during the pandemic was related to symptoms of burnout, whereas higher income and experiencing positive emotions were associated with reduced burnout levels. Our findings call for the development of burnout intervention programs that could build capacities for dealing with depression and other negative emotions and at the same time teach skills on how to increase positive emotions in HCWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Holas
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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26
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Çağlar Özdoğan A. DEPRESSION, RESILIENCE AND INTOLERANCE OF UNCERTAINTY: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF RUMINATION AND COVID-19 BURNOUT. Psychiatr Danub 2023; 35:563-571. [PMID: 37992101 DOI: 10.24869/psyd.2023.563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aims at investigating the mediating role of rumination and COVID-19 burnout in the relationship among depression, resilience and intolerance of uncertainty. SUBJECTS AND METHODS This is a correlational study. The study sample is composed of 436 (F=259, M=177) Turkish university students recruited via convenience sampling method. The participants responded to the Depression Scale, COVID-19 Burnout Scale, Rumination Scale, Resilience Scale and Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale face to face. The model that was developed within the scope of the current study was tested via path analysis, which is a technique of Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). RESULTS The study findings show that resilience and intolerance of uncertainty predict depression and rumination at a statistically significant level. Moreover, rumination directly predicts COVID-19 burnout, while COVID-19 burnout predicts depression. On the other hand, indirect effect modelling shows that resilience predicts depression with the mediating effect of rumination and COVID-19 burnout at a statistically significant level. Lastly, intolerance of uncertainty predicts depression with the mediating effect of rumination and COVID-19 burnout at a statistically significant level. CONCLUSION The current findings suggest that an increase in the level of intolerance of uncertainty and a decrease in the level of resilience increase rumination, which in turn increases depression by increasing COVID-19 burnout.
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Valavani A, Garavela E, Papathanasiou IV, Tsaras K, Fradelos EC, Papagiannis D, Kirgou P, Raptis DG, Gourgoulianis KI, Malli F. Investigation of the Level of Burnout in Health Care Professionals in COVID-19 Pandemic Conditions. Adv Exp Med Biol 2023; 1425:319-324. [PMID: 37581805 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-31986-0_30] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to high levels of stress and anxiety for health care professionals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the burnout of health care professionals in COVID-19 pandemic conditions. Quantitative research was performed, and the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was used to study burnout. The research sample consisted of 360 health care professionals. Health professionals have been found to have fairly high levels of personal burnout, work burnout, and burnout associated with patient interactions. It has also been found that women and health professionals working in department for patients with COVID-19 have significantly greater burnout. However, it was found that age, marital status, years of service, specialty, non-basic degree, and whether they or a first-degree relative had COVID-19 were not correlated to burnout. Given the very high level of burnout among health professionals, it is necessary to develop appropriate strategies to reduce burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aspasia Valavani
- Respiratory Disorders Lab, Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Eleftheria Garavela
- Respiratory Disorders Lab, Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Dimitrios Papagiannis
- Public Health and Vaccines Lab, Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Kirgou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Raptis
- Respiratory Disorders Lab, Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Konstantinos I Gourgoulianis
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Foteini Malli
- Respiratory Disorders Lab, Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
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28
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Sánchez-Pujalte L, Gómez Yepes T, Etchezahar E, Navarro Mateu D. Teachers at risk: Depressive symptoms, emotional intelligence, and burnout during COVID-19. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1092839. [PMID: 36969688 PMCID: PMC10034050 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1092839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies indicated that depressive symptoms are common among teachers due to job stress and difficulty in managing emotions. The aim of this research was to determine the levels of depressive symptomatology in a sample of secondary school teachers who worked during the COVID-19 pandemic and to analyze the relationships with their levels of burnout and emotional intelligence. Methods The study involved 430 secondary school teachers residing in Madrid (Spain) who worked during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants' age was between 25 and 60 (M = 41.40; SD = 11.07) and the gender distribution was 53.72% men and 46.28% women. We used the Spanish version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the Maslach Burnout Inventory Educators Survey (MBI-ES) and the Trait Meta-Mood Scale (TMMS-24). Results The main results indicated that teachers presented high means of depressive symptomatology, with women obtaining higher scores than men. Significant relationships were also observed between the levels of depressive symptomatology and the dimensions of burnout and emotional intelligence. Finally, the three dimensions of emotional intelligence would contribute to the depressive symptomatology of teachers, while of the burnout dimensions only Emotional Exhaustion would make a contribution. Conclusion The possible consequences of depressive symptomatology in teachers during the pandemic are discussed, as well as the need to enhance protective factors such as emotional intelligence and to study burnout levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Talía Gómez Yepes
- Faculty of Education, International University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Talía Gómez Yepes
| | - Edgardo Etchezahar
- Faculty of Education, International University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Inclusive Education, Faculty of Education, Catholic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- National Scientific and Technical Research Council, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Navarro Mateu
- Faculty of Education, International University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Inclusive Education, Faculty of Education, Catholic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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29
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Aguayo-Estremera R, Cañadas GR, Ortega-Campos E, Pradas-Hernández L, Martos-Cabrera B, Velando-Soriano A, de la Fuente-Solana EI. Levels of Burnout and Engagement after COVID-19 among Psychology and Nursing Students in Spain: A Cohort Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:377. [PMID: 36612698 PMCID: PMC9819772 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The COVID pandemic has 0drastically changed the functioning of universities in Spain and may have altered individuals' behaviours and emotions, the way they engage in the learning process and their psychological well-being. Burnout syndrome is a psychological problem that arises from persistent confrontation with emotional and interpersonal stressors. COVID-related burnout among Spanish students has received little research attention. For this study, a pre-post cohort study design was used. Data were collected using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey, the Granada Burnout Questionnaire for university students, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale and the Fear of CoronaVirus-19 scale. The population was composed of two samples of 190 and 226 students from Spanish universities. According to the results obtained, significant differences were observed between the pre- and post-test samples. Levels of burnout were higher after the COVID-19 pandemic and students' levels of engagement have dropped significantly following their experiences of the COVID pandemic. This study shows the impact that the covid pandemic has had on Spanish university students, impacts which may have had important consequences for their mental and physical health. It is necessary to implement intervention programs to enable students to recover, at least, the levels of burnout and engagement prevailing before the outbreak of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimundo Aguayo-Estremera
- Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología de las Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Campus de Somosaguas, Ctra. De Húmera, s/n, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Gustavo R. Cañadas
- Department of Didactic of Mathematics, Faculty of Education Science, Campus de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Elena Ortega-Campos
- Centro de Investigación en Salud-UAL (CEINSA-UAL), Carretera de Sacramento, s/n, La Cañada de San Urbano, Universidad de Almería, 04120 Almería, Spain
| | - Laura Pradas-Hernández
- San Cecilio Clinical University Hospital, Avenida del Conocimiento, s/n, Andalusian Health Service, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Begoña Martos-Cabrera
- San Cecilio Clinical University Hospital, Avenida del Conocimiento, s/n, Andalusian Health Service, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Almudena Velando-Soriano
- San Cecilio Clinical University Hospital, Avenida del Conocimiento, s/n, Andalusian Health Service, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Emilia I. de la Fuente-Solana
- Brain, Mind and Behaviour Research Center (CIMCYC), Campus de Cartuja s/n, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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30
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Swed S, Bohsas H, Alibrahim H, Hafez W, Shoib S, Sawaf B, Rais MA, Aljabali A, Shaheen N, Elsayed M, Rakab A. Health-care provider burnout in Syria during COVID-19 pandemic's Omicron wave. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32308. [PMID: 36550866 PMCID: PMC9771336 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Health-care workers (HCWs) have dealt with various psychological problems during the COVID-19 epidemic, including sadness, mental discomfort, anxiety, and poor sleep. Burnout is a state of prolonged work-related psychological, emotional, and physical stress brought on by emotional weariness, depersonalization, and decreased professional success. This study aimed to determine how many HCWs burned out during the Omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic and determine what factors put them at risk for this psychological effect. This cross-sectional research was performed in Syria during the current Omicron wave of the COVID-19 pandemic to evaluate the burnout experienced by Syrian physicians who treat COVID-19 patients. The inclusion criteria were all Syrian HCWs who treated COVID-19 patients during the current Omicron wave of COVID-19. The data was collected between April 3 and March 20, 2022. We investigated whether the questionnaire used was valid and understandable to the participants. A total of 729 health-care providers were inquired in our study; however, 30 participants were disqualified because their answers were not fully completed. The overall age of the participants was 31 ± 9, and the ratio of males to females was almost equal. The majority (47.5%) of the sample study's participants are residents, and 72.8% who cared for COVID-19 patients. The prevalence of high levels of burnout in the sample study was 41.6%. Compared to men (22.3%), women were much more likely (27.9%) to report experiencing a high degree of emotional exhaustion; also, the participants who cared for COVID-19 patients were much more likely (30.1%) to report experiencing a high degree of emotional exhaustion compared to others, which individuals who cared for COVID19 patients were 1.76 times more likely than participants who did not care for COVID19 patients to experience severe burnout (odds ratio: 1.766, 95% confidence interval:1.2-2.4, P value < .001). Our research found severe burnout among Syrian health-care providers during the omicron wave of COVID-19, with clinicians caring for COVID-19 patients being considerably more likely to express high burnout than others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarya Swed
- Faculty of Medicine Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
- * Correspondence: Sarya Swed, Faculty of Medicine Aleppo University, Aleppo 22743, Syria (e-mail: )
| | | | | | - Wael Hafez
- NMC Royal Hospital, Khalifa City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
- Medical Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, The National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Shiekh Shoib
- JLNM Hospital, Rainawari, Srinagar, India
- Directorate of Health Services, J&K, India
| | - Bisher Sawaf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Ahmed Aljabali
- Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Nour Shaheen
- Alexandria University, Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elsayed
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy III, University of Ulm, Leimgrubenweg, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Amine Rakab
- Assistant Professor of Clinical Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Qatar
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Ferro L, Cariello M, Colombesi A, Segantini A, Centonze E, Baccini G, Cristofanelli S. Burnout Syndrome and COVID-19 Lockdown: Research on Residential Care Workers Who Assume Parental Roles with Youths. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:16320. [PMID: 36498390 PMCID: PMC9738759 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192316320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Healthcare professionals are at higher risk of developing and experiencing burnout. Parents may also suffer from prolonged stressful conditions that lead to physical and emotional exhaustion. Residential youth care workers assume a caregiving role that can lead to persistent stressful conditions that affect their relationship with the youth. In addition, the COVID-19 lockdown has had a negative impact on both the organization and the work, as well as on the lifestyle of workers and minors. In fact, during the pandemic, contact with families was not possible due to restrictions and this increased the need for caregivers to assume a parental role. This research aims to examine the risk of burnout in a sample of 75 healthcare professionals working with youths and the association with psychological traits. Then, we aim to evaluate these aspects during the COVID-19 lockdown The measurements, conducted in both February 2019 and April 2021, included six questionnaires: MBI to assess burnout, TAS_20 to explore alexithymic traits, COPE_NVI to assess coping strategies, FDS_R to quantify frustration intolerance at work, IRI for empathy, and FFMQ to investigate awareness and emotional regulation. Our sample shows a medium-high risk of developing burnout, which worsened during the pandemic. A worsening of emotional skills, paralleled by a greater empathic investment required by the emergency situation, and an assumed parental role is observable. Coping strategies correlate with burnout risk, as avoidance strategies were strongly associated with emotional exhaustion. These findings suggest an urgent need to develop targeted and timely interventions for healthcare professionals in order to prevent long-term consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Ferro
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valle d’Aosta, 11100 Aosta, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Stefania Cristofanelli
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Valle d’Aosta, 11100 Aosta, Italy
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Yuan Y, Wang W, Song T, Li Y. The Mechanisms of Parental Burnout Affecting Adolescents' Problem Behavior. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:15139. [PMID: 36429858 PMCID: PMC9690135 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Parental burnout refers to the feelings of extreme exhaustion that many parents experience due to parenting. Although parental burnout has received considerable interest from researchers, the effects and mechanisms of parental burnout on adolescents' physical and psychological development remain largely unknown. This study investigated the relationship between parental burnout and adolescents' problem behaviors in Chinese families. We explored the mediating roles of family function, parental psychological aggression, and adolescent self-control, as well as the moderating role of co-parenting. Questionnaires were distributed to 600 adolescents and their primary caregivers, and the data were collected on three different occasions. In total, 174 paired participants completed the survey (44.9% boys; Mean-age = 14.18 years). Bootstrapping results showed that parental burnout was positively associated with adolescents' problem behavior. In addition, family function, parental psychological aggression, and adolescent self-control mediated the relationship between parental burnout and adolescents' problem behavior. Co-parenting moderated the effects of parental burnout on family function and parental psychological aggression. The result of structural equation modeling (SEM) generally supported the above results. These findings reveal the negative effects and mechanisms of parental burnout on adolescent problem behavior, providing empirical evidence that can be applied to prevent the negative effects of parental burnout.
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Klamut O, Olivera-Figueroa LA, Weissenberger S. A Balanced Time Perspective and Burnout Syndrome in the Corporate World. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:14466. [PMID: 36361358 PMCID: PMC9657483 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Burnout syndrome is officially classified in the International Classification of Diseases as an occupational phenomenon resulting from chronic workplace stress. Each year it is having an increasingly negative impact on the mental and physical health of employees, as well as on health costs and business performance. With this study, we aim at verifying whether there is a greater propensity for burnout depending on an individual's time perspective, based on the framework of Christina Maslach's burnout syndrome theory (consisting of three burnout dimensions), and Phillip Zimbardo's Time Perspective (consisting of five distinct temporal profiles). Within the time perspective construct, we focused on an indicator of temporal adaptation, referred to as a Balanced Time Perspective (BTP). We used the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory on a sample of 129 Polish corporate employees. We found that two dimensions of burnout (emotional exhaustion and feelings of personal achievement) were significantly correlated to a balanced time perspective, while the third (depersonalization) did not pose a significant correlation. This underlines the interrelationships between personality and burnout, which gives way to one possible solution towards the danger of burnout syndrome-balancing an individuals' time perspective through measures such as Time Perspective Therapy. We believe that the awareness of one's temporal profile gives way to supplement gaps in one time perspective, while deterring the excessive effects of another, resulting in a more balanced time perspective, greater mental health and protection from burnout syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Klamut
- First Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Charles University, 12108 Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Simon Weissenberger
- First Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Charles University, 12108 Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Psychology, University of New York in Prague, 12000 Prague, Czech Republic
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Song W, Wang Z, Zhang R. Classroom Digital Teaching and College Students' Academic Burnout in the Post COVID-19 Era: A Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:13403. [PMID: 36293983 PMCID: PMC9603840 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The continued development of digital technology and its overuse in teaching and learning in the post-epidemic era have brought about digital health risks, which are associated with academic burnout among college students. This study focused on the relationship between classroom digital teaching and students' academic burnout and designed the Classroom Burnout Inventory (CBI) and the Classroom Burnout Causes Inventory (CBCI) to conduct a cross-sectional survey of 206 Chinese university students. Correlations and regression analyses were conducted between key factors and burnout values through a path model of "Digital teaching-Teaching & learning process-Causes subjects-Burnout". The results of the study show that an inappropriate and excessive use of unintegrated digital teaching and learning technologies in the classroom was positively correlated with academic burnout among college students. Burnout levels and the three manifestations were not correlated with students' gender, grade, and major. In terms of causes, the academic burnout of college students was more correlated with their own personal reasons than with external factors such as teachers, universities, and environments. Integrating digital technology platforms, enhancing teacher leadership in the digital classroom, and strengthening peer support and students' psychological resilience are all meaningful explorations of academic burnout prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Song
- School of International Relations, Beijing International Studies University, Beijing 100024, China
| | - Zihan Wang
- International Education College, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China
| | - Ruiqing Zhang
- School of Sociology and Population Studies, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100086, China
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Tee KR, Ismail AS, Ang YH, Hishamuddin HH, Paul VJ, Aizuddin AN, Zaini IZ. Prevalence of Anxiety and Burnout, and Coping Mechanisms among Clinical Year Medical Undergraduate Students in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Amidst the COVID-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph192013010. [PMID: 36293589 PMCID: PMC9603345 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the prevalence of anxiety and burnout, and the coping mechanisms among clinical year undergraduate medical students in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. In total, 378 clinical year undergraduate medical students in UKM participated in this cross-sectional study from May to July 2021. A self-administered questionnaire consisting of questions on the participant's sociodemographic data and items from the DASS-21, CBI, and Brief-COPE was distributed. Chi-square and Spearman's correlation tests were used to calculate the correlation coefficient between both anxiety and burnout, and coping mechanisms. The prevalence of anxiety and burnout were 44.2% and 22.2%, respectively. There was a significant difference in the percentage of students with extremely severe anxiety in the presence and absence of burnout, 23.8% vs. 4.8% (p < 0.001). Among the three coping mechanisms, avoidant coping had a significant positive moderate correlation with both the presence of anxiety (r = 0.3966, p < 0.001) and the presence of burnout (r = 0.341, p < 0.001). Meanwhile, coping that was neither approach nor avoidant had a positive weak correlation with the presence of burnout (r = 0.176, p = 0.001). The prevalence of anxiety and burnout was concerning. Increased anxiety and burnout among students may negatively impact aspects of their personal, professional, and academic lives. Early recognition and preventive measures should be emphasised to prevent negative ramifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Ran Tee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Samat Ismail
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Yong Heng Ang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Hidayah Husna Hishamuddin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Vinneeshah Jacob Paul
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Azimatun Noor Aizuddin
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
| | - Ida Zarina Zaini
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur 56000, Malaysia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-391455491
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Aker S, Şahin MK. The relationship between school burnout, sense of school belonging and academic achievement in preclinical medical students. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract 2022; 27:949-963. [PMID: 35648244 DOI: 10.1007/s10459-022-10121-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the relationship between school burnout, sense of school belonging, and academic achievement in medical students. This cross-sectional study was performed with students at the Ondokuz Mayıs University Medical Faculty (Samsun, Turkey) between 1 and 31 May 2019. Six hundred one (71.0%) first, second, and third-year students were included in the study. A questionnaire was employed as the data collection method. The questionnaire consisted of two parts. The first part consisted of questions investigating sociodemographic information produced by the authors by scanning the literature. The second part consisted of the School Burnout Inventory and the Psychological Sense of School Membership Scale. The relationship between the sense of school belonging, school burnout, and academic achievement was evaluated using structural equation modeling. The structural equation modeling analysis determined that school burnout played a mediating role in the relationship between the sense of school belonging and academic achievement in preclinical medical students. As the sense of belonging to the school increases in preclinical medical students, academic achievement increases. School burnout in preclinical medical students increases as a sense of school belonging decreases. Academic achievement among preclinical medical students decreases as school burnout levels increase. Increasing the sense of school belonging can be effective in preventing school burnout and increasing academic achievement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Servet Aker
- Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Kürşat Şahin
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey
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Innstrand ST. Burnout among Health Care Professionals during COVID-19. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:11807. [PMID: 36142075 PMCID: PMC9517455 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined organizational, situational (i.e., COVID-19-related), and psychological factors associated with burnout during the COVID-19 pandemic among 268 health care professionals in Norway. A total burnout score based on the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT), the four core BAT subscales (i.e., Exhaustion, Mental Distance, Cognitive Impairment, and Emotional Impairment), and the COVID-19 Burnout Scale served as the dependent variable. Among the results, organizational factors such as work-home conflict, workload, and role conflict were positively related to burnout. Although autonomy and colleague support were negatively related to burnout, support from leaders was positively related to it, which might suggest a suppressive effect. Organizational factors explained most of the variance in general burnout (i.e., BAT Total), whereas situational (i.e., COVID-19-related) factors (e.g., involvement with COVID-19, fear of COVID-19, and COVID-19-induced stress) seemed to better explain COVID-19 burnout. COVID-19-oriented actions were related only to Mental Distance. Psychological factors such as meaning were negatively related to BAT Total, Exhaustion, and Mental Distance, whereas a breach of the psychological contract was related to all subscales. Such results suggest that organizational and situational factors contribute differently to general and COVID-19 burnout and that administering pandemic-specific assessment tools can clarify how the pandemic has affected mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siw Tone Innstrand
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway
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Lynch-Kelly K. Identifying burnout in current clinical medical students. Med Teach 2022; 44:938-939. [PMID: 34607510 DOI: 10.1080/0142159x.2021.1984416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
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Agha A, Basu A, Hanif W. Burnout in diabetes and endocrinology specialist registrars across England, Scotland and Wales in the pre-COVID era. Prim Care Diabetes 2022; 16:515-518. [PMID: 35667990 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2022.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presence of either emotional exhaustion, depersonalization or lack of personal accomplishment define Burnout Syndrome which may lead to decreased workforce productivity, increased absenteeism, depression and medical errors as well as decreased patient satisfaction. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of burnout syndrome among Diabetes Specialist Registrars across England, Scotland and Wales and to identify any self-reported factors which may be contributory to burnout. METHODS Over 430 Diabetes Specialist Registrars were invited to anonymously participate in an electronic survey which used Maslach Burnout Inventory and selfreporting questionnaire to identify burnout and contributory factors. RESULTS In this pre-pandemic times study, Burnout was identified in 61 (57.5%; n = 106) respondents using Maslach burnout cut-off scores. 45.2% (48/106) participants had scored high in Emotional Exhaustion, while lack of personal accomplishment and depersonalization was seen in 24.5% (26/106) and 21.6% (23/106) of the respondents respectively. The commonest self-reported stressors by participants were "General Internal Medicine workload" 60.4% (64/106) followed by "Lack of specialty training" 36.8% (39/106) and "Lack of audit/research/Continuing Professional Development time" 10.8% (11/106) CONCLUSION: Burnout syndrome is frequent among the participating Diabetes Specialist Registrars and urgent steps may be required address this problem nationally to ensure that these physicians remain physically and mentally healthy, especially after the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Agha
- Queens Hospital Burton on Trent, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton, UK; College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, United Arab Emirates.
| | - A Basu
- City and Sandwell Hospitals Birmingham, UK
| | - W Hanif
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University Hospitals Birmingham, UK
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Aslani M, Raziani Y, Ebadi A, Sharif Nia H, Jafari M, Ghanei-Gheshlagh R. Psychometric properties of the Farsi version of diabetes burnout scale in patients with type 1 diabetes. Prim Care Diabetes 2022; 16:519-524. [PMID: 35688698 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Diabetes burnout refers to the feeling of exhaustion and frustration in the management of diabetes, which can lead to treatment non-adherence, poor glycemic control, and a high prevalence of diabetes complications. Measuring diabetes burnout requires accurate and standard instruments. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Farsi version Diabetes Burnout Scale (F-DBS). METHODS This cross-sectional study was performed on 550 patients with type 1 diabetes (262 men and 288 women) referred to diabetes centers in different cities of Hamedan province (Asadabad, Hamedan, Malayer, and Nahavand) in 2021. The mean age and duration of the disease in these patients were 35.58 (SD=14.32) and 15.02 (SD=10.60) years, respectively. Data were collected using the Diabetes Burnout Scale (DBS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 and Kessler psychological distress scale. After forward-backward translation, face, content and convergent validity were performed. To evaluate the construct validity, convergent validity, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis were performed. Internal consistency was examined with Cronbach's alpha coefficients. RESULTS In the exploratory factor analysis, two factors of exhaustion (five items) and detachment (seven items) were extracted, which together explained 46.58% of the total variance. In confirmatory factor analysis, the fit indices were appropriate. There was a significant positive correlation between diabetes burnout and depression (r = 0.30, p < 0.001) and psychological distress (r = 0.36, p < 0.001). Cronbach's alpha coefficient of diabetes burnout, exhaustion and detachment were 0.813, 0.846 and 0.812, respectively. CONCLUSION The Farsi version of the Diabetes Burnout scale has acceptable validity and reliability and can be used in various studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Aslani
- Department of Nursing, Asadabad School of Medical Sciences, Asadabad, Iran.
| | - Yosra Raziani
- Nursing Department, Komar University of Science and Technology, Sulimaniya, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
| | - Abbas Ebadi
- Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hamid Sharif Nia
- Amol Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Jafari
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran.
| | - Reza Ghanei-Gheshlagh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
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Emikpe BO, Asare DA, Emikpe AO, Botchway LAN, Bonney RA. Prevalence and associated risk factors of burnout amongst veterinary students in Ghana. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0271434. [PMID: 35834535 PMCID: PMC9282513 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed as a cross-sectional study to find out the prevalence and associated risk factors of burnout among veterinary students at Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST) in Kumasi—Ghana. A total of 74 veterinary students served as the respondents and were given online questionnaires which comprised questions on emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalisation (DP) and reduced personal accomplishment (RPA). Data obtained were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square test and regression analysis. Results indicated that on average, the EE and RPA were low with mean score of 12.72 ± 4.46 and 27.96 ± 7.94 whilst DP was high with a mean score of 20.72 ± 6.5 among veterinary students. The year of study had a significant effect (p = 0.000) on burnout with levels of high RPA (80%) and DP (70%) being more in the preclinical students as compared to the clinical students (RPA = 20%, DP = 30%). There was also a significant effect (p = 0.028) of the year of study and type of residence of the students on the high level of DP and RPA. Daily sleep hours of students had Daily sleep hours of the veterinary students were also indicated as a significant associated risk factor of burnout among veterinary students in this study as more less sleep hours (<6hours), causes high levels of DP and RPA. Age, gender and marital status, working status, exercise hours and weekly study hours of students did not count as significant predictive factors (p>0.05) of burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Obukowho Emikpe
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Abigael Omowumi Emikpe
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | | | - Richard Abeiku Bonney
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Haslam SK, Wade A, Macdonald LK, Johnson J, Rock LD. Burnout syndrome in Nova Scotia dental hygienists during the COVID-19 pandemic: Maslach Burnout Inventory. Can J Dent Hyg 2022; 56:63-71. [PMID: 35811603 PMCID: PMC9236299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout syndrome is the result of prolonged occupational stress. The syndrome has 3 dimensions: emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and reduced personal accomplishment (PA). This study aimed to examine the prevalence of the 3 dimensions of burnout in dental hygienists in Nova Scotia, Canada, (N = 745) as they returned to work during the COVID-19 pandemic following a furlough; to explore the effect of burnout during COVID-19 on dental hygienists' professional lives; and to determine the tools and methods that dental hygienists use to overcome burnout. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, participants were asked to complete an anonymous survey inclusive of demographic information, employment characteristics, the Maslach Burnout Inventory Human Services Survey for Medical Personnel (MBI-HSS [MP]), and 2 open-ended questions. RESULTS The response rate was 34.9% (n = 260). Approximately one-third (36.2%) of respondents met the criteria for burnout. Contributors to burnout were time, providing dental hygiene care, expectations of dentists, physical and mental health, lack of autonomy, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Reported mechanisms to overcome occupational stress centred on work-life balance, social support networks, working in a positive environment, and physical activity. DISCUSSION This study took place during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have influenced the rate of burnout among dental hygienists, particularly within the EE domain where scores were twice as high as those reported in pre-COVID-19 studies. CONCLUSION Dental hygienists may be at risk for burnout. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of burnout and implementing healthy behaviours may reduce its detrimental effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kimberly Haslam
- School of Dental Hygiene, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Alma Wade
- School of Dental Hygiene, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Lindsay K Macdonald
- School of Dental Hygiene, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jennifer Johnson
- Alumna, School of Dental Hygiene, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Leigha D Rock
- School of Dental Hygiene, Faculty of Dentistry, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada
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Safiye T, Vukčević B, Gutić M, Milidrag A, Dubljanin D, Dubljanin J, Radmanović B. Resilience, Mentalizing and Burnout Syndrome among Healthcare Workers during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Serbia. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19116577. [PMID: 35682162 PMCID: PMC9180446 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine whether the capacity for mentalizing and resilience among healthcare workers (HCWs) explains the degree of burnout syndrome during the COVID-19 pandemic in Serbia. The research was conducted on a sample of 406 healthcare workers (141 doctors and 265 nurses), aged 19 to 65 years (M = 40.11, SD = 9.41)—203 worked on the COVID-19 frontline, and 203 in regular clinical conditions. The Maslach Burnout Inventory was used to measure the burnout syndrome. Capacity for mentalizing was examined using the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire. The Brief Resilience Scale was used to measure resilience. The results indicated that there were negative correlations between resilience and the dimensions of burnout—emotional exhaustion (r = −0.38; p < 0.01) and depersonalization (r = −0.11; p < 0.05), and a positive correlation between resilience and personal accomplishment (r = 0.27; p < 0.01), as was expected. The analyses of hierarchical linear regression showed that hypomentalizing was a significant positive predictor of emotional exhaustion (ß = 0.12; p < 005) and depersonalization (ß = 0.15; p < 0.05), resilience was a significant negative predictor of emotional exhaustion (ß = −0.28, p < 0.01) and positive predictor of personal accomplishment (ß = 0.20; p < 0.01), and that the degree of explained variance of burnout dimensions was higher when resilience and hypomentalizing were included in regression models, in addition to sociodemographic variables. The findings suggest that being a woman and working on the COVID-19 frontline implies a higher burnout, while the level of burnout decreases with better socioeconomic status and more children. Resilience, capacity for mentalizing, and burnout syndrome among HCWs are interrelated phenomena, which have important professional implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Safiye
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.G.); (A.M.); (D.D.); (J.D.); (B.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Branimir Vukčević
- High School of Culinary Arts and Tourism with Dormitory, Heroja Čajke 18, 36210 Vrnjacka Banja, Serbia;
| | - Medo Gutić
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.G.); (A.M.); (D.D.); (J.D.); (B.R.)
- Public Health Institution Health Center “Dr Branko Zogovic”, Hridska bb, 84325 Plav, Montenegro
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ardea Milidrag
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.G.); (A.M.); (D.D.); (J.D.); (B.R.)
| | - Draško Dubljanin
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.G.); (A.M.); (D.D.); (J.D.); (B.R.)
- Department of Pulmonology, University Clinical Hospital Center Zvezdara, Dimitrija Tucovića 161, 11120 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jakša Dubljanin
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.G.); (A.M.); (D.D.); (J.D.); (B.R.)
- Department of Cardiology, University Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Vukova 9, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branimir Radmanović
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.G.); (A.M.); (D.D.); (J.D.); (B.R.)
- Psychiatry Clinic, University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Zmaj Jovina 30, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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Silistraru I, Olariu O, Ciubara A, Roșca Ș, Roșca RO, Stanciu S, Condratovici AP, Ciureanu IA. Burnout and Online Medical Education: Romanian Students in Lockdown and Their Residency Choices. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19095449. [PMID: 35564841 PMCID: PMC9102410 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
The primary aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of burnout in Romanian medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey for Students (MBI-GS(S)). The presence of burnout was assessed based on Exhaustion (EX), Cynicism (CY) and Professional Efficacy (PE) subscales. The secondary aim of the study was to identify the presence of intentional shift in medical specialty compared to their initial pursued choice within the population investigated. Data was collected online at the end of 2020 and beginning of 2021 through a licensed, customized MBI-GS(S) questionnaire from a sample of 126 Romanian medical students at the two leading medical schools in the country, Iasi (N = 56) and Cluj Napoca (N = 70). Descriptive statistics and bivariate correlations were also applied to describe the data set (age and gender of participants) and the relationship between variables (EX, CY, PE). Subsequently, the MBI-GS(S) group report revealed that 36.5% of the medical students in the sample (46) experienced burnout, with problematic results both in Exhaustion and Cynicism. Exhaustion and Cynicism, which contribute to burnout, showed high scores compared to the average scale (EX = 3.5/2.4; CY = 2.8/1.8), while the Professional Efficacy score was relatively high (PE = 3.8/4.4), showing a protective effect and burnout reduction. One of the main conclusions is that the consequences of burnout in medical students plays a significant role in shaping the future healthcare practitioners’ perception of the medical profession and of patients’ wellbeing. Exhaustion and Cynicism are mainly associated with depersonalization and disconnection from the patient. Another conclusion of the study is that about one third of the respondents (30% Cluj students and 37.5% Iasi students) considered changing residency options. The pandemic has also revealed the limitations of and challenges facing current medical education, and that further research is required to assess the trends in prevalence of burnout in medical students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Silistraru
- Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550024 Sibiu, Romania;
| | - Oana Olariu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (O.O.); (A.C.); (A.P.C.)
| | - Anamaria Ciubara
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (O.O.); (A.C.); (A.P.C.)
| | - Ștefan Roșca
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (O.O.); (A.C.); (A.P.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ramona Oana Roșca
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania;
| | - Silviu Stanciu
- SAIABA Department-BIOALIMENT Research Center, Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania;
| | - Alina Plesea Condratovici
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania; (O.O.); (A.C.); (A.P.C.)
| | - Ioan-Adrian Ciureanu
- Medical Informatics and Biostatistics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iași, Romania;
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Shawahna R, Maqboul I, Ahmad O, Al-Issawy A, Abed B. Prevalence of burnout syndrome among unmatched trainees and residents in surgical and nonsurgical specialties: a cross-sectional study from different training centers in Palestine. BMC Med Educ 2022; 22:322. [PMID: 35473599 PMCID: PMC9041277 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-022-03386-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burnout is a psychological syndrome that involves physical, mental, and emotional exhaustion. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of burnout among unmatched trainees and residents in surgical and nonsurgical specialties in Palestine. Additionally, this study also sought to identify the associated variables and predictors of higher burnout scores. METHODS This study was conducted in a cross-sectional design using a questionnaire in the period between October 2020 and March 2021. The questionnaire collected sociodemographic characteristics of the residents and trainees in 18 different training centers/hospitals. The Copenhagen Burnout Inventory was used to determine burnout among the residents and trainees. Pearson's correlations, analysis of variance, Student's t-test, and multiple linear regressions were used to analyze the data. RESULTS The study tool was completed by 250 residents and trainees in surgical and nonsurgical specialties (response rate = 83.3%). Of all participants, 203 (81.2%) reported a moderate-severe degree of burnout in the personal domain, 188 (75.2%) reported a moderate-severe degree of burnout in the work-related domain, and 97 (38.8%) reported moderate-severe degree of burnout in the client-related domain. There was a moderate and positive correlation between personal and work-related burnout scores (Pearson's r = 0.69, p-value < 0.001), and client-related burnout scores (Pearson's r = 0.52, p-value < 0.001). Similarly, there was a moderate and positive correlation between work-related and client-related burnout scores (Pearson's r = 0.57, p-value < 0.001). The multiple linear regression model showed that higher burnout scores were predicted by being married, not having another paid employment, inability to financially support oneself, frequent consumption of tea/coffee, dissatisfied with the training/job, thinking to change the profession, and long working hours. CONCLUSION The findings of this study indicated that burnout was highly prevalent among residents and trainees in surgical and nonsurgical specialties in Palestine. Decision-makers in healthcare authorities, hospital managers, professional groups, directors of residency programs, and educators/trainers should consider addressing burnout and improving the well-being of residents and trainees in surgical and nonsurgical specialties in Palestine. Future studies are still needed to determine which interventions could be effective in reducing burnout among residents and trainees in surgical and nonsurgical specialties in Palestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Shawahna
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
- An-Najah BioSciences Unit, Centre for Poisons Control, Chemical and Biological Analyses, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Iyad Maqboul
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine.
- An-Najah National University Hospital, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Ola Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Afnan Al-Issawy
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Batoul Abed
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of burnout syndrome among intensive care physicians working in a tertiary private hospital as well as their perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on their life. DESIGN A cross-sectional study. SETTING Intensive care units dedicated to the care of COVID-19 in Hospital Sirio-Libanes, Sao Paulo, Southeastern part of Brazil. PARTICIPANTS Intensive care physicians. INTERVENTIONS Each participant received an envelope with a questionnaire composed of demographic and occupational variables, information related to their personal and professional experiences facing the COVID-19 pandemic and the Maslach Burnout Inventory questionnaire. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOMES MEASURES The primary outcome was to assess the prevalence of burnout syndrome among physicians working in an intensive care unit dedicated to the care of COVID-19. RESULTS A total of 51 from the universe of 63 (82%) intensive care physicians participated in the study. Nineteen (37.2%) met the criteria for burnout syndrome. In the three domains that characterise burnout syndrome, we found a low level of personal achievement in 96.1% of physicians interviewed, a high level of depersonalisation in 51.0% and 51.0% with a high level of emotional exhaustion. Decision-making conflicts between the intensive care unit team and other attending physicians were frequent (50% of all conflicts). A third of the participants had been diagnosed with COVID-19, 22 (43.1%) reported having a family member infected and 8 (15.7%) lost someone close to the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants felt that fear of infecting their loved ones was the aspect of their lives that changed most as compared with the prepandemic period. CONCLUSIONS Burnout syndrome was frequent among intensive care unit physicians treating patients with COVID-19 in a large tertiary private hospital. Future studies should expand our results to other private and public hospitals and test strategies to promote intensive care unit physicians' mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduardo Leite Vieira Costa
- Research and Education Institute, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Cardio-Pulmonary Department, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luciano Cesar Pontes Azevedo
- Research and Education Institute, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Emergency Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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March-Amengual JM, Cambra Badii I, Casas-Baroy JC, Altarriba C, Comella Company A, Pujol-Farriols R, Baños JE, Galbany-Estragués P, Comella Cayuela A. Psychological Distress, Burnout, and Academic Performance in First Year College Students. IJERPH 2022; 19:ijerph19063356. [PMID: 35329044 PMCID: PMC8953100 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: The first years of university can be very challenging for students. Previous research has focused on the study of the prevalence of burnout and of psychological distress in medical students. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of psychological symptoms and burnout reported by first-year students, the relationship between these variables and their academic performance, and the differences between health and non-health sciences students. Methods: An observational study with a cross-sectional design was performed. Students of health sciences (medicine, nursing, physiotherapy, psychology), and non-health sciences (biology, social sciences, business management, and engineering) undergraduate programs completed the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI-18) and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Survey (MBI-SS). Students’ grades for the first semester were collected. Results: A sample of 506 students participated. Prevalence of psychological distress was 27.1% and burnout was 7.3%. Academic performance was unaffected in relation to either psychological distress or burnout. Non-health sciences students showed a greater risk of depression. Conclusions: This study provides evidence of the high prevalence of psychological distress in the first year of college. Even when burnout prevalence was low, the results suggest the need to introduce prevention programs to improve the psychological wellbeing of these students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaume-Miquel March-Amengual
- Chair in Medical Education, Universitat de Vic–Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain; (J.-M.M.-A.); (J.-C.C.-B.); (C.A.); (A.C.C.); (R.P.-F.); (A.C.C.)
- Group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), Universitat de Vic–Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain;
| | - Irene Cambra Badii
- Chair in Medical Education, Universitat de Vic–Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain; (J.-M.M.-A.); (J.-C.C.-B.); (C.A.); (A.C.C.); (R.P.-F.); (A.C.C.)
- Group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), Universitat de Vic–Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain;
- Chair in Bioethics, Universitat de Vic–Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain
- Correspondence:
| | - Joan-Carles Casas-Baroy
- Chair in Medical Education, Universitat de Vic–Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain; (J.-M.M.-A.); (J.-C.C.-B.); (C.A.); (A.C.C.); (R.P.-F.); (A.C.C.)
| | - Cristina Altarriba
- Chair in Medical Education, Universitat de Vic–Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain; (J.-M.M.-A.); (J.-C.C.-B.); (C.A.); (A.C.C.); (R.P.-F.); (A.C.C.)
| | - Anna Comella Company
- Chair in Medical Education, Universitat de Vic–Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain; (J.-M.M.-A.); (J.-C.C.-B.); (C.A.); (A.C.C.); (R.P.-F.); (A.C.C.)
| | - Ramon Pujol-Farriols
- Chair in Medical Education, Universitat de Vic–Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain; (J.-M.M.-A.); (J.-C.C.-B.); (C.A.); (A.C.C.); (R.P.-F.); (A.C.C.)
| | - Josep-Eladi Baños
- School of Medicine, Universitat de Vic–Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain;
| | - Paola Galbany-Estragués
- Group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), Universitat de Vic–Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain;
| | - Agustí Comella Cayuela
- Chair in Medical Education, Universitat de Vic–Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain; (J.-M.M.-A.); (J.-C.C.-B.); (C.A.); (A.C.C.); (R.P.-F.); (A.C.C.)
- Group on Methodology, Methods, Models and Outcomes of Health and Social Sciences (M3O), Universitat de Vic–Universitat Central de Catalunya, 08500 Vic, Spain;
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Menon GR, Yadav J, Aggarwal S, Singh R, Kaur S, Chakma T, Periyasamy M, Venkateswaran C, Singh PK, Balachandar R, Kulkarni R, Grover A, Mishra BK, Viray M, Devi KR, Singh KHJ, Saha KB, Barde PV, Thomas B, Suresh C, A. D, Watson B, Selvaraj P, Xavier G, John D, Menon J, Philip S, Mathew G, David A, Vaman RS, Sushan A, Singh S, Jakhar K, Ketharam A, Prusty R, Kishore J, Venkatesh U, Kumar S, Kanungo S, Sahoo K, Swain S, Lyngdoh A, Diengdoh J, Syiemlieh P, Sarkar A, Velhal G, Kharnare S, Nandanwar D, Rao MVV, Panda S. Psychological distress and burnout among healthcare worker during COVID-19 pandemic in India-A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264956. [PMID: 35271652 PMCID: PMC8912126 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND COVID-19 has inundated the entire world disrupting the lives of millions of people. The pandemic has stressed the healthcare system of India impacting the psychological status and functioning of health care workers. The aim of this study is to determine the burnout levels and factors associated with the risk of psychological distress among healthcare workers (HCW) engaged in the management of COVID 19 in India. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 September 2020 to 30 November 2020 by telephonic interviews using a web-based Google form. Health facilities and community centres from 12 cities located in 10 states were selected for data collection. Data on socio-demographic and occupation-related variables like age, sex, type of family, income, type of occupation, hours of work and income were obtained was obtained from 967 participants, including doctors, nurses, ambulance drivers, emergency response teams, lab personnel, and others directly involved in COVID 19 patient care. Levels of psychological distress was assessed by the General health Questionnaire -GHQ-5 and levels of burnout was assessed using the ICMR-NIOH Burnout questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with the risk of psychological distress. The third quartile values of the three subscales of burnout viz EE, DP and PA were used to identify burnout profiles of the healthcare workers. RESULTS Overall, 52.9% of the participants had the risk of psychological distress that needed further evaluation. Risk of psychological distress was significantly associated with longer hours of work (≥ 8 hours a day) (AOR = 2.38, 95% CI(1.66-3.41), income≥20000(AOR = 1.74, 95% CI, (1.16-2.6); screening of COVID-19 patients (AOR = 1.63 95% CI (1.09-2.46), contact tracing (AOR = 2.05, 95% CI (1.1-3.81), High Emotional exhaustion score (EE ≥16) (AOR = 4.41 95% CI (3.14-6.28) and High Depersonalisation score (DP≥7) (AOR = 1.79, 95% CI (1.28-2.51)). About 4.7% of the HCWs were overextended (EE>18); 6.5% were disengaged (DP>8) and 9.7% HCWs were showing signs of burnout (high on all three dimensions). CONCLUSION The study has identified key factors that could have been likely triggers for psychological distress among healthcare workers who were engaged in management of COVID cases in India. The study also demonstrates the use of GHQ-5 and ICMR-NIOH Burnout questionnaire as important tools to identify persons at risk of psychological distress and occurrence of burnout symptoms respectively. The findings provide useful guide to planning interventions to mitigate mental health problems among HCW in future epidemic/pandemic scenarios in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geetha R. Menon
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail: (GRM); (SA)
| | - Jeetendra Yadav
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India
| | - Sumit Aggarwal
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail: (GRM); (SA)
| | | | - Simran Kaur
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India
| | - Tapas Chakma
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Murugesan Periyasamy
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Prashant Kumar Singh
- ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Gautam Buddh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rakesh Balachandar
- ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Ragini Kulkarni
- ICMR- National Institute of Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ashoo Grover
- ICMR-National Institute of Pathology, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Maribon Viray
- Martin Luther Christian University, Shillong, Meghalaya, India
| | | | - K. H. Jitenkumar Singh
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India
| | - K. B. Saha
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - P. V. Barde
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Research in Tribal Health, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Beena Thomas
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chandra Suresh
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhanalakshmi A.
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Basilea Watson
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Research in Tuberculosis, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pradeep Selvaraj
- Directorate of public health and Preventive Medicine, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Denny John
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Jaideep Menon
- Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences & Research Centre, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Sairu Philip
- Believers Church Medical College Hospital, Tiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | - Geethu Mathew
- Believers Church Medical College Hospital, Tiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | - Alice David
- Believers Church Medical College Hospital, Tiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | | | - Abey Sushan
- Believers Church Medical College Hospital, Tiruvalla, Kerala, India
| | - Shalini Singh
- ICMR-National Institute of Cancer Prevention and Research, Gautam Buddh Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kiran Jakhar
- Government Institute of Medical Sciences, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Asha Ketharam
- ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Ranjan Prusty
- ICMR- National Institute of Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jugal Kishore
- Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - U. Venkatesh
- Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Subrata Kumar
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | - Krushna Sahoo
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Swagatika Swain
- Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | | | | | - AbuHasan Sarkar
- ICMR -Regional Medical Research Centre, Dibrugarh, Assam, India
| | - Gajanan Velhal
- Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Deepika Nandanwar
- Seth GS Medical College and KEM Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - M. Vishnu Vardhana Rao
- Indian Council of Medical Research- National Institute of Medical Statistics, New Delhi, India
| | - Samiran Panda
- Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi, India
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Borrelli I, Santoro PE, Fiorilli C, Angelini G, Buonomo I, Benevene P, Romano L, Gualano MR, Amantea C, Moscato U. A new tool to evaluate burnout: the Italian version of the BAT for Italian healthcare workers. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:474. [PMID: 35264130 PMCID: PMC8906913 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12881-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthcare workers (HCWs) represents one of the highest-risk population to develop burnout symptoms. Recently, a new tool has been designed to measure several dimensions that capture an exhaustive expression of burnout symptoms by six dimensions (i.e., exhaustion; mental distance; cognitive impairment; emotional impairment; psychological distress; psychosomatic complaints). METHODS The current study aims to adapt the Burnout Assessment Tool (BAT) to an Italian Healthcare workers' sample confirming the original second-order factorial structure. Furthermore, we expected to find good indexes of reliability and validity tests. Participants were 697 Italian Health Care Workers (Female = 68.44%; mean age = 36.47; SD = 11.20). Data were collected by self-report questionnaires submitted by the snowball method. RESULTS Findings show a good fit of the BAT's structure, confirming the hypothesized second-order factorial model. Furthermore, good reliability has been established with the study's measures. CONCLUSIONS The BAT for HCWs is eligible as a new tool to evaluate burnout in the at-risk HCWs as a multi-facet constellation of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Borrelli
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
| | - Paolo Emilio Santoro
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Department of Women, Children and Public Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | - Ilaria Buonomo
- Department of Human Sciences, University of LUMSA, Rome, Italy
| | - Paula Benevene
- Department of Human Sciences, University of LUMSA, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Romano
- Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Carlotta Amantea
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
| | - Umberto Moscato
- Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy
- Department of Women, Children and Public Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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Elhadi YAM, Ahmed A, Salih EB, Abdelhamed OS, Ahmed MHH, El Dabbah NA. A cross-sectional survey of burnout in a sample of resident physicians in Sudan. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265098. [PMID: 35245338 PMCID: PMC8896711 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Resident physicians in Sudan face a variety of physical and psychological stressors. Nevertheless, the prevalence of burnout syndrome among this critical population remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence rate of burnout and its associated factors in a sample of resident physicians in Sudan. Methods A cross-sectional design was used to assess the burnout syndrome among resident physicians at the teaching hospitals of Wad-Medani in Gezira state, east-central Sudan. Three hundred resident physicians at the dermatology, general surgery, pediatrics, obstetrics and gynecology, psychiatry, ear, nose and throat (ENT), oncology, urology, and internal medicine departments, were approached and invited to participate in the study. The Arabic version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory was distributed to respondents from July to October 2021. Results From the 300 resident physicians, 208 (69.3%) responded. The average age of the study population was 29.99 ± 3.01 years, with more than half were females (56.7%), single (59.6%), and with more than three years of residency experience (50.5%). In total, 86.1% met the criteria for burnout in at least one dimension and 13.9% in all three dimensions. On the dimension of emotional exhaustion (EE), 70.7% reported high levels of burnout. While, 44.2% reported high levels of depersonalization (DP), and 73.1% experienced a sense of decreased professional accomplishment (PA). There were significant differences in burnout, EE, and DP levels among different specialties, with the pediatrics-specialty trainees reported higher levels. Burnout syndrome was associated with the working hours per single duty; participants who reported working for more than 24 hours had experienced higher levels of burnout, EE, and DP. Conclusion Large-scale studies are required to assess the determinants of burnout syndrome among resident physicians in Sudan. In addition, Stakeholders should urgently implement effective remedies to protect the mental health of resident physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Ahmed Mohammed Elhadi
- Department of Health Administration and Behavioral Sciences, High Institute of Public Health Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
- Department of Public Health, Medical Research Office, Sudanese Medical Research Association, Khartoum, Sudan
- * E-mail:
| | - Abdelmuniem Ahmed
- Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Gezira, Wad Madani, Sudan
| | | | | | | | - Noha Ahmed El Dabbah
- Department of Health Administration and Behavioral Sciences, High Institute of Public Health Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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