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Wanger L, Gar C, Rippl M, Kern-Matschilles S, Potzel A, Haschka S, Seissler J, Hesse N, Lechner A. Function outperforms morphology in the assessment of muscular contribution to insulin sensitivity in premenopausal women. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2022; 19:14791641211070281. [PMID: 35358403 PMCID: PMC8977731 DOI: 10.1177/14791641211070281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Skeletal muscle contributes significantly to insulin sensitivity in humans. However, which non-invasive measurement best reflects this contribution remains unknown. Consequently, this paper compares morphologic and functional measurements. RESEARCH METHODS AND DESIGN We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 144 premenopausal women enrolled in the "Prediction, Prevention, and Sub-classification of Type 2 Diabetes" (PPSDiab) cohort study. For the analysis, we quantified insulin sensitivity by oral glucose tolerance testing and, in a subgroup of 30 women, euglycemic clamp. To assess skeletal muscle, we measured volume by magnetic resonance imaging, intramyocellular lipid content by magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and physical fitness by cardiopulmonary exercise testing. RESULTS The mean age of the cohort was 35.7 ± 4.1 years and 94 participants (65%) had a history of gestational diabetes mellitus. Of the morphologic and functional muscle parameters, the maximum workload achieved during cardiopulmonary exercise testing associated most closely with insulin sensitivity (standardized beta = 0.39; p < .001). Peak oxygen uptake also demonstrated significant associations, whereas muscle volume and intramyocellular lipid content displayed none. CONCLUSION Functional measurements provided a better assessment of the muscular contribution to insulin sensitivity than morphologic measurements in premenopausal women. In particular, exercise testing rendered an easy and cost-effective method applicable in clinical settings and other human studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Wanger
- Diabetes Research Group, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik
IV, LMU Klinikum, München, Germany
| | - Christina Gar
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Radiologie,
LMU Klinikum, München, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group Type 2
Diabetes, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research
(DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Michaela Rippl
- Diabetes Research Group, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik
IV, LMU Klinikum, München, Germany
| | - Stefanie Kern-Matschilles
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Radiologie,
LMU Klinikum, München, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group Type 2
Diabetes, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research
(DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anne Potzel
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Radiologie,
LMU Klinikum, München, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group Type 2
Diabetes, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research
(DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Haschka
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Radiologie,
LMU Klinikum, München, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group Type 2
Diabetes, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research
(DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Seissler
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Radiologie,
LMU Klinikum, München, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group Type 2
Diabetes, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research
(DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Nina Hesse
- Diabetes Research Group, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik
IV, LMU Klinikum, München, Germany
| | - Andreas Lechner
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Radiologie,
LMU Klinikum, München, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group Type 2
Diabetes, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research
(DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
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2
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Paquin J, Lagacé JC, Brochu M, Dionne IJ. Exercising for Insulin Sensitivity - Is There a Mechanistic Relationship With Quantitative Changes in Skeletal Muscle Mass? Front Physiol 2021; 12:656909. [PMID: 34054574 PMCID: PMC8149906 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.656909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle (SM) tissue has been repetitively shown to play a major role in whole-body glucose homeostasis and overall metabolic health. Hence, SM hypertrophy through resistance training (RT) has been suggested to be favorable to glucose homeostasis in different populations, from young healthy to type 2 diabetic (T2D) individuals. While RT has been shown to contribute to improved metabolic health, including insulin sensitivity surrogates, in multiple studies, a universal understanding of a mechanistic explanation is currently lacking. Furthermore, exercised-improved glucose homeostasis and quantitative changes of SM mass have been hypothesized to be concurrent but not necessarily causally associated. With a straightforward focus on exercise interventions, this narrative review aims to highlight the current level of evidence of the impact of SM hypertrophy on glucose homeostasis, as well various mechanisms that are likely to explain those effects. These mechanistic insights could provide a strengthened rationale for future research assessing alternative RT strategies to the current classical modalities, such as low-load, high repetition RT or high-volume circuit-style RT, in metabolically impaired populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine Paquin
- Research Centre on Aging, Affiliated With CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Jean-Christophe Lagacé
- Research Centre on Aging, Affiliated With CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Martin Brochu
- Research Centre on Aging, Affiliated With CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle J Dionne
- Research Centre on Aging, Affiliated With CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.,Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada
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Kim JS, Kim CJ. [Effect of a Physical Activity Promoting Program Based on the IMB Model on Obese-Metabolic Health Outcomes among Obese Older Adults with Knee Osteoarthritis]. J Korean Acad Nurs 2021; 50:271-285. [PMID: 32376814 DOI: 10.4040/jkan.2020.50.2.271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the effects of a physical activity promoting program based on the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model on physical activity and health outcomes among obese older adults with knee osteoarthritis. METHODS This study utilized a randomized controlled trial with a convenience sample of 75 obese older adults with knee osteoarthritis in a university hospital. The older adults in the intervention group participated in a 12-week program involving weekly group sessions and monitoring calls with education booklets and video clips for exercise dances, while those in the control group received an usual care. Outcomes were measured using self-report questionnaires, anthropometrics, and blood analyses. The intervention effects were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U test and ANCOVA. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 74.9 years with 84.0% women. The intervention group at 12 weeks showed significantly greater improvements in self-efficacy for physical activity (F=81.92, p<.001), physical activity amounts (Z=-2.21, p=.044), knee joint function (F=15.88, p<.001), and health-related quality of life (F=14.89, p<.001) compared to the control group. Among obese-metabolic outcomes, the intervention group at 12 weeks showed a significant decrease in visceral fat mass (F=7.57, p=.008) and improvement in high-density level cholesterol (F=9.51, p=.003) compared to the control group. CONCLUSION Study findings support the need for an IMB based physical activity program for promoting physical activity, knee function and health outcomes in obese older adults with knee osteoarthritis. Longitudinal studies are warranted to confirm the persistence of obese-metabolic effects in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Suk Kim
- College of Nursing · The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Chun Ja Kim
- College of Nursing · The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea.
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4
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Maréchal R, Ghachem A, Prud'homme D, Rabasa-Lhoret R, Dionne IJ, Brochu M. Physical activity energy expenditure and fat-free mass: relationship with metabolic syndrome in overweight or obese postmenopausal women. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 46:389-396. [PMID: 33080144 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Menopause transition is associated with detrimental changes in physical activity, body composition, and metabolic profile. Although physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) is inversely associated with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in individuals at higher risk of cardiovascular disease, the association is unknown in low-risk individuals. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between PAEE and MetS (prevalence and severity) in inactive overweight or obese postmenopausal women with a low Framingham Risk Score (<10%). Cross-sectional data of 126 participants were divided into quartiles based on PAEE (Quartile (Q)1 = lowest PAEE) while fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. MetS prevalence was significantly different between Q1 and Q4 (37.9% vs 13.3%, p = 0.03). After controlling for potential confounders, MetS severity was negatively associated with PAEE (B = -0.057, p < 0.01) and positively with FFM (B = 0.038, p < 0.001). Moderation analyses indicated that a greater FFM exacerbated the association between PAEE and MetS severity in Q1 and Q2 (PAEE × FFM; B = -0.004; p = 0.1). Our results suggest that displaying a low FRS and lower PAEE increase MetS prevalence and severity. In addition, greater FFM interacts with lower PAEE to worsens MetS severity, while higher PAEE lessened this effect. Novelty: Inactive individuals displaying higher daily PAEE also have a lower MetS prevalence. Greater FFM is associated with a worse MetS severity where a higher PAEE mitigated this deleterious effect in our cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Maréchal
- Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.,Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Ahmed Ghachem
- Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada
| | - Denis Prud'homme
- School of Human Kinetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.,Institut du Savoir Montfort, Ottawa, ON K1K 0T2, Canada
| | - Rémi Rabasa-Lhoret
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC H3T 1A8, Canada.,Institut de Recherche Cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montréal, QC H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Isabelle J Dionne
- Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.,Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
| | - Martin Brochu
- Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Sherbrooke, QC J1H 4C4, Canada.,Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1, Canada
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5
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Lagacé JC, Brochu M, Dionne IJ. A counterintuitive perspective for the role of fat-free mass in metabolic health. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2020; 11:343-347. [PMID: 31999082 PMCID: PMC7113531 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fat-free mass (FFM) has long been recognized to play a role in metabolic homeostasis. Over the years, it has become widely accepted by the scientific and general community alike that having a greater FFM can be protective for metabolic health. Hence, in the context of an aging population concurrently facing sarcopenia and an elevated incidence of metabolic diseases, substantial efforts are being made to study and develop interventions aiming to maintain or increase FFM. However, accumulating evidence now suggests that a large FFM may be deleterious to metabolic health, at least in some populations. The objective of this article is thus to raise awareness surrounding these results and to explore possible explanations and mechanisms underlying this counterintuitive association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Christophe Lagacé
- Metabolic Unit, Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Québec, Canada.,Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Martin Brochu
- Metabolic Unit, Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Québec, Canada.,Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
| | - Isabelle J Dionne
- Metabolic Unit, Research Centre on Aging, CIUSSS de l'Estrie-CHUS, Québec, Canada.,Faculty of Physical Activity Sciences, University of Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada
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Colpitts BH, Bouchard DR, Keshavarz M, Boudreau J, Sénéchal M. Does lean body mass equal health despite body mass index? Scand J Med Sci Sports 2019; 30:672-679. [PMID: 31770463 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between having simultaneously high body mass index (BMI) and high relative lean body mass (LBM) and cardio-metabolic risk factors, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and diabetes in adults. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional analysis was performed on 4982 adults aged 19-85 years that participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (cycles 1999-2000-2005-2006). The primary exposure variable was categorization into four groups: (a) Low-BMI/Low-LBM, (b) Low-BMI/High-LBM, (c) High-BMI/Low-LBM, and (d) High-BMI/High-LBM. LBM was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The primary outcome measures were cardio-metabolic risk factors, MetS based on the ATP III definition; participants were required to have at least three of the following five criteria: high waist circumference, low HDL cholesterol, elevated triglyceride levels, high resting blood pressure, and self-reported diabetes. RESULTS Compared to the High-BMI/High-LBM, most cardio-metabolic risk factors were significantly different among groups (P < .05) while no such differences were observed for the High-BMI/Low-LBM (P > .05). Exception of waist circumference (OR [95%]: 21.8 [8.84-53.82]), there was no increased odds of having cardio-metabolic risk factors in the High-BMI/Low-LBM compared with the High-BMI/High-LBM (P > .05). The odds of having MetS and diabetes for the High-BMI/Low-LBM compared with the High-BMI/High-LBM were OR (95% CI): 1.68 (0.84-3.36) and 0.59 (0.26-1.34), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that having a high-BMI as well as high relative LBM levels is not associated with cardio-metabolic risk factors, MetS, and diabetes. Therefore, maintaining a BMI below 30 kg/m2 appears to be clinically relevant, regardless of LBM levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin H Colpitts
- Cardiometabolic Exercise & Lifestyle Laboratory, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada.,Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Danielle R Bouchard
- Cardiometabolic Exercise & Lifestyle Laboratory, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada.,Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Mohammad Keshavarz
- Cardiometabolic Exercise & Lifestyle Laboratory, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada.,Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Jonathan Boudreau
- New Brunswick Institute for Research, Data and Training, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Martin Sénéchal
- Cardiometabolic Exercise & Lifestyle Laboratory, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada.,Faculty of Kinesiology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada
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7
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Effects of menopause and high-intensity training on insulin sensitivity and muscle metabolism. Menopause 2019; 25:165-175. [PMID: 28953212 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate peripheral insulin sensitivity and skeletal muscle glucose metabolism in premenopausal and postmenopausal women, and evaluate whether exercise training benefits are maintained after menopause. METHODS Sedentary, healthy, normal-weight, late premenopausal (n = 21), and early postmenopausal (n = 20) women were included in a 3-month high-intensity exercise training intervention. Body composition was assessed by magnetic resonance imaging and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, whole body glucose disposal rate (GDR) by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp (40 mU/m/min), and femoral muscle glucose uptake by positron emission tomography/computed tomography, using the glucose analog fluorodeoxyglucose, expressed as estimated metabolic rate (eMR). Insulin signaling was investigated in muscle biopsies. RESULTS Age difference between groups was 4.5 years, and no difference was observed in body composition. Training increased lean body mass (estimate [95% confidence interval] 0.5 [0.2-0.9] kg, P < 0.01) and thigh muscle mass (0.2 [-0.1 to 0.6] kg, P < 0.01), and decreased fat percentage (1.0 [0.5-1.5]%, P < 0.01) similarly in the two groups. The postmenopausal women had lower eMR in vastus lateralis muscle than the premenopausal women (-14.0 [-26.0 to -2.0] μmol/min/kg, P = 0.02), and tended to have lower eMR in femoral muscles (-11.2 [-22.7 to 0.4] μmol/min/kg, P = 0.06), and also GDR (-59.3 [-124.8 to 6.3] mg/min, P = 0.08), but increased similarly in both groups with training (eMR vastus lateralis muscle: 27.8 [19.6-36.0] μmol/min/kg, P < 0.01; eMR femoral muscle: 20.0 [13.1-26.7] μmol/min/kg, P < 0.01, respectively; GDR: 43.6 [10.4-76.9] mg/min, P = 0.01). Potential mechanisms underlying the training-induced increases in insulin sensitivity included increased expression of hexokinase (19.2 [5.0-24.7] AU, P = 0.02) and glycogen synthase (32.4 [15.0-49.8] AU, P < 0.01), and also increased insulin activation of Akt2 (20.6 [3.4-29.0], P = 0.03) and dephosphorylation of glycogen synthase (-41.8 [-82.9 to -0.7], P = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Insulin sensitivity was reduced in early postmenopausal women. However, postmenopausal women increased peripheral insulin sensitivity, skeletal muscle insulin-stimulated glucose uptake, and skeletal muscle mass to the same extent as premenopausal women after 3 months of high-intensity exercise training.
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8
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Fat-free mass and glucose homeostasis: is greater fat-free mass an independent predictor of insulin resistance? Aging Clin Exp Res 2019; 31:447-454. [PMID: 29992495 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-018-0993-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A greater fat-free mass (FFM) is purported to be associated with protective effects on insulin resistance (IR). However, recent studies suggested negative associations between FFM and IR. OBJECTIVES (1) To explore the direction of the association between FFM and IR in a large heterogeneous sample after controlling for confounding factors. (2) To determine cut off values of FFM associated with an increased risk of IR. METHODS Outcome variables were measured in 7044 individuals (48.6% women, 20-79 years; NHANES, 1999-2006): body composition [fat mass (FM), FFM and appendicular FFM (aFFM); DXA], FFM index [FFMI: FFM/height (kg/m2)], appendicular FFMI [aFFM/height (kg/m2)] and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). Multivariate regression analyses were performed to determine the independent predictors of HOMA-IR in younger (20-49 years) and older (50-79 years) men and women. ROC analyses were used to determine FFM cut-offs to identify a higher risk of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR > 75th percentile). RESULTS aFFMI was an independent predictor of IR in younger (men: β = 0.21; women: β = 0.31; all p ≤ 0.001) and older (men: β = 0.11; women: β = 0.37; all p ≤ 0.001) individuals. Thresholds for aFFMI at which the risk of IR was significantly increased were 8.96 and 8.39 kg/m2 in younger and older men, and 7.22 and 6.64 kg/m2 in younger and older women, respectively. CONCLUSION Independently of age, a greater aFFMI was an independent predictor of IR. These results suggest revisiting how we envision the link between FFM and IR and explore potential mechanisms.
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Carvalho LP, Borghi-Silva A, Dupontgand S, Di Thommazo-Luporini L, Mendes RG, Aubertin-Leheudre M. Influence of menopausal status on the main contributors of muscle quality. Climacteric 2018; 21:298-302. [PMID: 29381096 DOI: 10.1080/13697137.2018.1428294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muscle quality is a strong independent predictor of physical function. Body mass and fatness, muscle mass and cardiorespiratory fitness are known to influence muscle quality. OBJECTIVE To identify the contributors of muscle quality in young and postmenopausal women and whether hormone replacement therapy (HT) could influence this relationship at the age of menopause. METHODS Fifty-four postmenopausal women, 27 not on HT (PMW) and 27 on HT (PMW-HT), and 33 young women (YW) were evaluated for (1) body composition (body mass index, BMI), total fat mass (FM, %), appendicular lean mass (ALM, in kg and %), and appendicular skeletal mass index (ASMI = ALM/height2 in kg/m2); (2) absolute peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak, in ml/min) and relative peak oxygen uptake (VO2peakRel in ml/kg/min); and (3) absolute isometric knee extension strength (iKES in kg) and relative isometric knee extension strength (iKES/BMI and iKES/ALM). RESULTS YW, PMW and PMW-HT had similar BMI (32.1 ± 10.2, 27.3 ± 4.7 and 26.7 ± 4 kg/m2) and FM (39.8 ± 10.0, 39.8 ± 7.3 and 39.9 ± 7.1%), respectively. Correlations were found between iKES/BMI index and FM (r = -0.52), ALM (r = 0.32) and VO2peak (r = 0.31). Regression analysis demonstrated that, in YW, total amount of variance in iKES/BMI was mostly explained by ALM (42%), whereas, in PMW and PMW-HT, it was cumulatively explained by FM along with VO2peakRel (34 and 46%, respectively). CONCLUSION The main contributors of muscle quality differ between young and postmenopausal women and HT does not seem to influence this relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- L P Carvalho
- a Department of Physical Therapy , University of Sao Carlos , Sao Carlos , SP , Brazil.,b Department of Physical Activity Sciences , University of Quebec in Montreal , Montreal , QC , Canada.,c Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal , Montreal , QC , Canada
| | - A Borghi-Silva
- a Department of Physical Therapy , University of Sao Carlos , Sao Carlos , SP , Brazil
| | - S Dupontgand
- b Department of Physical Activity Sciences , University of Quebec in Montreal , Montreal , QC , Canada.,c Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal , Montreal , QC , Canada
| | | | - R G Mendes
- a Department of Physical Therapy , University of Sao Carlos , Sao Carlos , SP , Brazil
| | - M Aubertin-Leheudre
- b Department of Physical Activity Sciences , University of Quebec in Montreal , Montreal , QC , Canada.,c Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal , Montreal , QC , Canada
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10
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Effect of programmed exercise on insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Menopause 2017; 24:1404-1413. [DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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11
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Mendoza N, De Teresa C, Cano A, Godoy D, Hita-Contreras F, Lapotka M, Llaneza P, Manonelles P, Martínez-Amat A, Ocón O, Rodríguez-Alcalá L, Vélez M, Sánchez-Borrego R. Benefits of physical exercise in postmenopausal women. Maturitas 2016; 93:83-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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12
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Association between fat free mass and glucose homeostasis: Common knowledge revisited. Ageing Res Rev 2016; 28:46-61. [PMID: 27112523 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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13
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Barton M, Husmann M, Meyer MR. Accelerated Vascular Aging as a Paradigm for Hypertensive Vascular Disease: Prevention and Therapy. Can J Cardiol 2016; 32:680-686.e4. [PMID: 27118295 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2016.02.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is considered the most important nonmodifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and death after age 28 years. Because of demographic changes the world population is expected to increase to 9 billion by the year 2050 and up to 12 billion by 2100, with several-fold increases among those 65 years of age and older. Healthy aging and prevention of aging-related diseases and associated health costs have become part of political agendas of governments around the world. Atherosclerotic vascular burden increases with age; accordingly, patients with progeria (premature aging) syndromes die from myocardial infarctions or stroke as teenagers or young adults. The incidence and prevalence of arterial hypertension also increases with age. Arterial hypertension-like diabetes and chronic renal failure-shares numerous pathologies and underlying mechanisms with the vascular aging process. In this article, we review how arterial hypertension resembles premature vascular aging, including the mechanisms by which arterial hypertension (as well as other risk factors such as diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, or chronic renal failure) accelerates the vascular aging process. We will also address the importance of cardiovascular risk factor control-including antihypertensive therapy-as a powerful intervention to interfere with premature vascular aging to reduce the age-associated prevalence of diseases such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, hypertensive nephropathy, and vascular dementia due to cerebrovascular disease. Finally, we will discuss the implementation of endothelial therapy, which aims at active patient participation to improve primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Barton
- Molecular Internal Medicine, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Marc Husmann
- Division of Angiology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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