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Sharma D, Radha, Kumar M, Andrade-Cetto A, Puri S, Kumar A, Thakur M, Chandran D, Pundir A, Prakash S, Pandiselvam R, Sandhu S, Khosla A, Kumar S, Lorenzo JM. Chemical Diversity and Medicinal Potential of Vitex negundo L.: From Traditional Knowledge to Modern Clinical Trials. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202301086. [PMID: 37851484 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202301086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Vedic context, Nirgundi (V. negundo) has been utilized for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and wound-healing properties. It has been employed to alleviate pain, treat skin conditions, and address various ailments. The plant's leaves, roots, and seeds have all found applications in traditional remedies. The knowledge of Nirgundi's medicinal benefits has been passed down through generations, and it continues to be a part of Ayurvedic and traditional medicine practices in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Sharma
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Radha
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR- Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, 400019, India
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, 27858, USA
| | - Adolfo Andrade-Cetto
- Laboratorio de Etnofarmacología, Departamento de BiologíaCelular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 3000, Circuito Exterior S/N, Coyoacán, C.U., Mexico City, 04510, Mexico
| | - Sunil Puri
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Amit Kumar
- GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, 281 406, India
| | - Mamta Thakur
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Deepak Chandran
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Government of Kerala, Palakkad, 679335, Kerala, India
| | - Ashok Pundir
- School of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Suraj Prakash
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, Solan, 173229, India
| | - Ravi Pandiselvam
- Division of Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology, ICAR - Central Plantation Crops Research Institute (CPCRI), Kasaragod, 671 124, Kerala, India
| | - Surinder Sandhu
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141004, India
| | - Ananya Khosla
- Stanford University, 450 Serra Mall, Stanford, California, USA, 94305
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Indian Institute of Farming Systems Research, Modipuram, 250110, India
| | - Jose M Lorenzo
- CentroTecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, rúa Galicia n○ 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, 32900 Ourense, Spain
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Tilwani K, Patel A, Parikh H, Thakker DJ, Dave G. Investigation on anti-Corona viral potential of Yarrow tea. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022:1-13. [PMID: 35639782 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2082532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Achillea millefolium (Yarrow) is a herbaceous plant of Greek origin noted to treat pneumonia, common cold, cough, and other respiratory disorders. The flowers and leaves are the core part used to prepare herbal tea that gains the world's recognition as medicinal tea. Coronavirus disease is spreading across the globe, and numerous approaches are lodged to treat virus-induced lung inflammation. Here, we used the network pharmacology, metabolite analysis, docking and molecular simulation and MM-PBSA analysis to comprehend the biochemical basis of the health-boosting impact of Yarrow tea. Next, we performed the microscopic and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis of yarrow-treated ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 to evaluate the virucidal activity of the Yarrow. The present study investigates the druggability, metabolites and potential interaction of the title tea with genes associated with Covid-19-induced pathogenesis. Towards this, 1022 gene hits were obtained, 30 are mutually shared. Network Pharmacology and microarray gene expression analysis find the connection of PTGS2 in relieving the virus-induced inflammation. Yarrow constituents Luteolin may inhibit or down-regulate the Cyclooxygenase II (PTGS2), a plausible mechanism underlying the Yarrow's anti-inflammatory actions. Further, the Yarrow's virucidal activity was assessed towards Transmission Electron Microscopic (TEM). The Yarrow treated SARS-nCoV-2 cell exhibits the disintegration of the virus membrane. This work provides a scientific basis for further elucidating the mechanism underlying Achillea millefolium's antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Tilwani
- P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, CHARUSAT, Changa, Anand Gujarat, India
| | - Abhishek Patel
- P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, CHARUSAT, Changa, Anand Gujarat, India
| | - Hirak Parikh
- P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, CHARUSAT, Changa, Anand Gujarat, India
| | - Dr Janki Thakker
- P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, CHARUSAT, Changa, Anand Gujarat, India
| | - Gayatri Dave
- P D Patel Institute of Applied Sciences, CHARUSAT, Changa, Anand Gujarat, India
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Cayona R, Creencia E. Discovery of a "Cocktail" of Potential SARS-COV-2 Main Protease Inhibitors through Virtual Screening of Known Chemical Components of Vitex negundo L. ("Lagundi"). Med Chem 2021; 18:364-381. [PMID: 34148541 DOI: 10.2174/1573406417666210618132003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM The prevailing crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic demands the development of effective therapeutic agents that can be implemented with minimal to zero adverse effects. BACKGROUND Vitex negundo L. (VNL) is a medicinal plant with reported efficacy against respiratory diseases and some of the COVID-19 symptoms. Funded by the Department of Science and Technology (DOST), the University of the Philippines - Philippine General Hospital (UP-PGH) is currently conducting clinical trials of VNL and other medicinal plants as adjuvant therapeutic agents against mild cases of COVID-19. The basis for the clinical trials is primarily the pharmacological efficacy of the medicinal plants against respiratory disorders and associated COVID-19 symptoms. OBJECTIVE This study assessed the in silico potential of VNL components against SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), an enzyme that plays an important role in COVID-19, the disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2. METHOD Phytochemical mining of VNL components from the literature was conducted. A database consisting of 250 known compounds from different parts of VNL was created and screened against SARS-CoV-2 Mpro using the PyRx virtual screening tool. The most promising components were further subjected to in silico absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET) analyses using the SwissADME web server and Toxtree software. RESULTS Virtual screening revealed that 102 VNL components in the database had comparable to or better binding affinities toward SARS-COV-2 Mpro than known chemical inhibitors (e.g. N3 and carmofur). It was determined that the active site of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro receptor consists of multiple H-donor and acceptor sites; hence, the most stable receptor-ligand complexes are generally formed by VNL ligands that establish effective H-bonding with the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. The promising components, representing a "cocktail" of potential inhibitors also revealed interesting ADMET properties. CONCLUSION This in silico study identified VNL as a potential single source of a cocktail of SARS-CoV-2 Mpro inhibitors and a promising adjuvant therapeutic agent against COVID-19 or its symptoms. Furthermore, the study offers a rationale on phytochemical mining from medicinal plants as a means that can be implemented in the early stage of a drug discovery and development program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruel Cayona
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University - Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines
| | - Evelyn Creencia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Mathematics, Mindanao State University - Iligan Institute of Technology, Iligan City, Philippines
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Tirpude NV, Sharma A, Joshi R, Kumari M, Acharya V. Vitex negundo Linn. extract alleviates inflammatory aggravation and lung injury by modulating AMPK/PI3K/Akt/p38-NF-κB and TGF-β/Smad/Bcl2/caspase/LC3 cascade and macrophages activation in murine model of OVA-LPS induced allergic asthma. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 271:113894. [PMID: 33516930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE There is growing inclination towards developing bioactive molecule-based strategies for the management of allergic airway inflammation associated respiratory diseases. Vitex negundo Linn., also known as Nirgundi, is one such medicinal plant enriched with phytochemicals and used for inflammatory and respiratory disorders including asthma in traditional system of medicine. Preliminary studies have claimed anti-tussive and bronchodilator potential of V. negundo Linn. However, its attributes as well as molecular mechanism (s) in modulation of asthma mediated by allergic inflammation are yet to be delineated scientifically. AIM OF THE STUDY Present study attempted to assess the effectiveness of Vitex negundo leaf extract (VNLE) in mitigation of allergen induced inflammation associated asthmatic lung damage with emphasis to delineate its molecular mechanism (s). MATERIALS AND METHODS Allergic lung inflammation was established in Balb/c mice using Ovalbumin-lipopolysaccharide (OVA-LPS). Several allergic inflammatory parameters, histopathological changes, alveolar macrophage activation and signalling pathways were assessed to examine protective effects of VNLE. UHPLC-DAD-QTOF-ESI-IMS was used to characterize VLNE. RESULTS VNLE administration effectively attenuated LPS-induced oxi-inflammatory stress in macrophages suggesting its anti-inflammatory potential. Further, VNLE showed protective effect in mitigating asthmatic lung damage as evident by reversal of pathological changes including inflammatory cell influx, congestion, fibrosis, bronchial thickness and alveolar collapse observed in allergen group. VNLE suppressed expressions of inflammatory Th1/Th2 cytokines, chemokines, endopeptidases (MMPs), oxidative effector enzyme (iNOS), adhesion molecules, IL-4/IFN-γ release with simultaneous enhancement in levels of IL-10, IFN-γ, MUC3 and tight junction proteins. Subsequent mechanistic investigation revealed that OVA-LPS concomitantly enhanced phosphorylation of NF-κB, PI3K, Akt and p38MAPKs and downregulated AMPK which was categorically counteracted by VNLE treatment. VNLE also suppressed OVA-LPS induced fibrosis, apoptosis, autophagy and gap junction proteins which were affirmed by reduction in TGF-β, Smad2/3/4, Caspase9/3, Bax, LC3A/B, connexin 50, connexin 43 and enhancement in Bcl2 expression. Additionally, suppression of alveolar macrophage activation, inflammatory cells in blood and elevation of splenic CD8+T cells was demonstrated. UHPLC-DAD-QTOF-ESI-IMS revealed presence of iridoids glycoside and phenolics which might contribute these findings. CONCLUSION These findings confer protective effect of VNLE in attenuation of allergic lung inflammation and suggest that it could be considered as valuable medicinal source for developing safe natural therapeutics for mitigation of allergic inflammation during asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narendra Vijay Tirpude
- Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, H.P, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India.
| | - Anamika Sharma
- Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, H.P, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India
| | - Robin Joshi
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, H.P, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India
| | - Monika Kumari
- Dietetics and Nutrition Technology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, H.P, India
| | - Vishal Acharya
- Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, H.P, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, U.P. 201002, India.
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Vitex negundo L. leaf extract inhibits IL-6 and TNF-α secretion and phagocytosis in human leukocytes. J Herb Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2020.100341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Boy HIA, Rutilla AJH, Santos KA, Ty AMT, Yu AI, Mahboob T, Tangpoong J, Nissapatorn V. Recommended Medicinal Plants as Source of Natural Products: A Review. DIGITAL CHINESE MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s2589-3777(19)30018-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Gao J, Zhang J, Qu Z, Zhou H, Tong Y, Liu D, Yang H, Gao W. Study on the mechanisms of the bronchodilator effects of Folium Eriobotryae and the selected active ingredient on isolated guinea pig tracheal strips. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2016; 54:2742-2752. [PMID: 27251608 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2016.1183134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Folium Eriobotryae (FE), the dry leaf of Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. (Rosaceae), has been widely used to treat respiratory disorders. OBJECTIVE To examine the bronchodilatory activity of FE and the potential mechanisms involved. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of ethyl acetate fraction of FE (EFE) (0.05-0.3 mg/mL) on the isolated tracheal strips, and ursolic acid (UA) (5-30 μg/mL) that was the main constituent of EFE, were tested in vitro. Meanwhile, acetylcholine (Ach) and histamine (His)-induced bronchospasm were conducted in vivo in guinea pig. Furthermore, mechanisms of relaxant effects of EFE and UA were evaluated in the absence and presence of specific inhibitors. RESULTS With in vitro studies, the contractile response evoked by Ach or His (EC50 = 0.21 and 0.16 mg/mL) was decreased by EFE, and UA caused a concentration-dependent relaxation precontracted by His (EC50 = 23.2 μg/mL). With in vivo studies, EFE strongly prolonged preconvulsive time similar to isoprenalin. The bronchodilator effects of EFE could be blocked by propranolol (1 μM), NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME) (100 μM) and 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxaline-1-one (ODQ) (1 μM). EFE also inhibited the contraction in Ca2+-free medium and produced rightward parallel displacement of CaCl2 curves. In addition, the relaxant effects of UA could only be blocked by l-NAME and ODQ. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION These results suggest that bronchodilator activities of EFE were related to activation of β-adrenoceptor and NO/cGMP pathway. Blockage of Ca2+ channels and inhibition of IP3R-mediated internal Ca2+ release were also involved. Additionally, UA produced relaxant effects by the NO/cGMP pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Gao
- a Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin , China
| | - Jingze Zhang
- b Department of Pharmacy , Logistics University of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces , Tianjin , China
| | - Zhuo Qu
- a Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin , China
| | - Hong Zhou
- c Traditional Chinese Medicine Factory , Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Corporation Ltd , Tianjin , China
| | - Yongling Tong
- c Traditional Chinese Medicine Factory , Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Corporation Ltd , Tianjin , China
| | - Dan Liu
- c Traditional Chinese Medicine Factory , Tianjin Zhongxin Pharmaceutical Group Corporation Ltd , Tianjin , China
| | - Honggai Yang
- a Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin , China
| | - Wenyuan Gao
- a Tianjin Key Laboratory for Modern Drug Delivery & High-Efficiency, School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin , China
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Khan AU, Gilani AH. Natural Products Useful in Respiratory Disorders: Focus on Side-Effect Neutralizing Combinations. Phytother Res 2015; 29:1265-1285. [PMID: 26061992 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes literature related to medicinal plants reputed in traditional medical systems for treatment of asthma and coughs. The plants that are pharmacologically investigated for their effectiveness in such conditions, along with respective experimental protocol details, are also discussed. Some of plant origin compounds, which are considered useful as antitussive and antiasthmatic agents, are described as well. Chrysoeriol, a constituent of Aspalathus linearis (Fabaceae) was observed to be selective for relaxant effect in airways (through K+ channel activation), compared with other smooth muscles. We reported that Hypericum perforatum (Hyperieaceae), Andropogon muricatus (Poaceae), Juniper excelsa (Coniferae) and Nepeta cataria (Lamiaceae) exhibit bronchodilatory action, mediated through combination of Ca++ antagonist and phospohodiesrase inhibitory mechanisms, which scientifically explains their medicinal use in asthma. Hyocyamus niger (Solanaceae), Artemisia vulgaris (Compositae), Fumaria parviflora (Fumariaceae) and Terminalia bellerica (Combretaceae) caused bronchodilation via dual blockade of muscarinic receptors and Ca++ influx. Acorus calamus (Araceae), Carum roxburghianum (Apiaceae), Lens culinaris (Fabaceae) and Lepidium sativum (Cruciferae) mediate bronchodilatation through multiple pathways: anticholinergic and inhibition of Ca++ channels and PDE enzyme(s). In conclusion, this review presents an analysis of different novel combinations of pharmacological activities in medicinal plants with side effect-neutralizing/synergistic potential, setting new trends in the therapeutic options for hyperactive respiratory disorders such as asthma and cough. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif-Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Anwarul-Hassan Gilani
- Natural Products Research Unit, Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University Medical College, Karachi, 74800, Pakistan
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Khan M, Gilani AH. Studies on Blood Pressure Lowering, Vasodilator and Cardiac Suppressant Activities of Vitex negundo: Involvement of K+ Channel Activation and Ca++ Channel Blockade. INT J PHARMACOL 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2015.137.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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