1
|
Norouzkhani N, Afshari S, Sadatmadani SF, Mollaqasem MM, Mosadeghi S, Ghadri H, Fazlizade S, Alizadeh K, Akbari Javar P, Amiri H, Foroughi E, Ansari A, Mousazadeh K, Davany BA, Akhtari kohnehshahri A, Alizadeh A, Dadkhah PA, Poudineh M. Therapeutic potential of berries in age-related neurological disorders. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1348127. [PMID: 38783949 PMCID: PMC11112503 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1348127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging significantly impacts several age-related neurological problems, such as stroke, brain tumors, oxidative stress, neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and dementia), neuroinflammation, and neurotoxicity. Current treatments for these conditions often come with side effects like hallucinations, dyskinesia, nausea, diarrhea, and gastrointestinal distress. Given the widespread availability and cultural acceptance of natural remedies, research is exploring the potential effectiveness of plants in common medicines. The ancient medical system used many botanical drugs and medicinal plants to treat a wide range of diseases, including age-related neurological problems. According to current clinical investigations, berries improve motor and cognitive functions and protect against age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, berries may influence signaling pathways critical to neurotransmission, cell survival, inflammation regulation, and neuroplasticity. The abundance of phytochemicals in berries is believed to contribute to these potentially neuroprotective effects. This review aimed to explore the potential benefits of berries as a source of natural neuroprotective agents for age-related neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narges Norouzkhani
- Department of Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Afshari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | | | | | - Shakila Mosadeghi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Hani Ghadri
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Safa Fazlizade
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Keyvan Alizadeh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Pouyan Akbari Javar
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Amiri
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Elaheh Foroughi
- School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Arina Ansari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Kourosh Mousazadeh
- School of Medicine, Islamic Azad University, Tehran Medical Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Ata Akhtari kohnehshahri
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alaleh Alizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Parisa Alsadat Dadkhah
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Poudineh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Senavirathna T, Shafaei A, Lareu R, Balmer L. Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Ellagic Acid for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:485. [PMID: 38671932 PMCID: PMC11047720 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is in epidemic proportions in many parts of the world, contributing to increasing rates of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD represents a range of conditions from the initial stage of fatty liver to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), which can progress to severe fibrosis, through to hepatocellular carcinoma. There currently exists no treatment for the long-term management of NAFLD/NASH, however, dietary interventions have been investigated for the treatment of NASH, including several polyphenolic compounds. Ellagic acid is one such polyphenolic compound. Nutraceutical food abundant in ellagic acid undergoes initial hydrolysis to free ellagic acid within the stomach and small intestine. The proposed mechanism of action of ellagic acid extends beyond its initial therapeutic potential, as it is further broken down by the gut microbiome into urolithin. Both ellagic acid and urolithin have been found to alleviate oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis, which are associated with NAFLD/NASH. While progress has been made in understanding the pharmacological and biological activity of ellagic acid and its involvement in NAFLD/NASH, it has yet to be fully elucidated. Thus, the aim of this review is to summarise the currently available literature elucidating the therapeutic potential of ellagic acid and its microbial-derived metabolite urolithin in NAFLD/NASH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tharani Senavirathna
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia;
| | - Armaghan Shafaei
- Centre for Integrative Metabolomics and Computational Biology, School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia;
| | - Ricky Lareu
- Curtin Medical School and Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Lois Balmer
- Centre for Precision Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Purgatorio R, Boccarelli A, Pisani L, de Candia M, Catto M, Altomare CD. A Critical Appraisal of the Protective Activity of Polyphenolic Antioxidants against Iatrogenic Effects of Anticancer Chemotherapeutics. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:133. [PMID: 38275658 PMCID: PMC10812703 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenolic compounds, encompassing flavonoids (e.g., quercetin, rutin, and cyanidin) and non-flavonoids (e.g., gallic acid, resveratrol, and curcumin), show several health-related beneficial effects, which include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antiviral, and anticarcinogenic properties, as well as the prevention of coronary heart diseases. Polyphenols have also been investigated for their counteraction against the adverse effects of common anticancer chemotherapeutics. This review evaluates the outcomes of clinical studies (and related preclinical data) over the last ten years, with a focus on the use of polyphenols in chemotherapy as auxiliary agents acting against oxidative stress toxicity induced by antitumor drugs. While further clinical studies are needed to establish adequate doses and optimal delivery systems, the improvement in polyphenols' metabolic stability and bioavailability, through the implementation of nanotechnologies that are currently being investigated, could improve therapeutic applications of their pharmaceutical or nutraceutical preparations in tumor chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Purgatorio
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (L.P.); (M.d.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Angelina Boccarelli
- Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area, School of Medicine, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Leonardo Pisani
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (L.P.); (M.d.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Modesto de Candia
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (L.P.); (M.d.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Marco Catto
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (L.P.); (M.d.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Cosimo D. Altomare
- Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.P.); (L.P.); (M.d.C.); (M.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bai X, Bian Z, Zhang M. Targeting the Nrf2 signaling pathway using phytochemical ingredients: A novel therapeutic road map to combat neurodegenerative diseases. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 109:154582. [PMID: 36610130 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is a classical nuclear transcription factor that regulates the system's anti-oxidative stress response. The activation of Nrf2 induces the expression of antioxidant proteins and improves the system's anti-oxidative stress ability. Accumulating evidence suggests that Nrf2-centered signaling pathways may be a key pharmacological target for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). However, phytochemicals as new therapeutic agents against NDDs have not been clearly delineated. PURPOSE To review the therapeutic effects of phytochemical ingredients on NDDs by activating Nrf2 and reducing oxidative stress injury. METHODS A comprehensive search of published articles was performed using various literature databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure. The search terms included "Nrf2", "phytochemical ingredients", "natural bioactive agents", "neurodegenerative diseases", "Antioxidant", "Alzheimer's disease", "Parkinson's disease", "Huntington's disease", "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis" "multiple sclerosis", "toxicity", and combinations of these keywords. A total of 769 preclinical studies were retrieved until August 2022, and we included 39 of these articless on phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology and other fields. RESULTS Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies showed that phytochemical ingredients could act as an Nrf2 activator in the treatment of NDDs through the antioxidant defense mechanism. These phytochemical ingredients, such as salidroside, naringenin, resveratrol, sesaminol, ellagic acid, ginsenoside Re, tanshinone I, sulforaphane, curcumin, naringin, tetramethylpyrazine, withametelin, magnolol, piperine, and myricetin, had the potential to improve Nrf2 signaling, thereby combatting NDDs. CONCLUSION As Nrf2 activators, phytochemical ingredients may provide a novel potential strategy for the treatment of NDDs. Here, we reviewed the interaction between phytochemical ingredients, Nrf2, and its antioxidant damaging pathway in NDDs and explored the advantages of phytochemical ingredients in anti-oxidative stress, which provides a reliable basis for improving the treatment of NDDs. However, further clinical trials are needed to determine the safety and efficacy of Nrf2 activators for NDDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, 110004, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Zhigang Bian
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, 110004, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, 110004, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Rostami A, Vakili S, Koohpeyma F, Jahromi BN, Aghajari ZA, Mahmoudikohani F, Saki F, Mahmoodi M, Jaberi KR, Movahedpour A, Khorchani MJ, Noroozi S. Ellagic acid effects on testis, sex hormones, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the relative sterility rat model following busulfan administration. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:170. [PMID: 35739528 PMCID: PMC9229441 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03650-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Busulfan is an antineoplastic medication that is broadly utilized for cancer treatment. It affects the testicular function and leads to sterility. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of ellagic acid on testicular tissue changes, sexual hormones, antioxidant defense system, and caspase-9 and Bcl2 gene expression in the busulfan-induced relative sterile rat model. Methods This is an interventional-experimental animal study that was performed on 65 Adult male rats; they were randomly divided into five groups including control (1 ml of 0.9% normal saline), ellagic acid (50 mg/kg); busulfan (10 mg/kg); and busulfan plus ellagic acid (10 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg). At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected, and plasma levels of sex hormones, antioxidant system, apoptosis-related genes, and testis histology were assessed. Results Busulfan reduced the levels of serum testosterone, total antioxidant capacity, gene expression of Bcl2, testicular volume, seminiferous tubule, germinal epithelium, interstitial tissue volume, and the number of spermatogonia, spermatocyte, round spermatid, elongated spermatid, Sertoli cells and Leydig cells (p < 0.05). Busulfan administration resulted in a significant increase (p < 0.05) in the level of LH, FSH, malondialdehyde, and caspase 9. Busulfan + ellagic acid (50 mg/kg) showed higher serum levels of testosterone, gene expression of Bcl-2 and antioxidant markers, and lower LH, FSH levels, and gene expression of caspase 9 compared to the Busulfan-treated rats (p < 0.05). Stereological parameters were also ameliorated in the group treated with Busulfan+ 50 mg/kg ellagic acid (p < 0.05). Conclusion In conclusion, the consumption of ellagic acid may have beneficial effects on the antioxidant defense system, sexual hormone abnormality, and testicular tissue damage induced by busulfan.
Collapse
|
6
|
Bains M, Kaur J, Akhtar A, Kuhad A, Sah SP. Anti-inflammatory effects of ellagic acid and vanillic acid against quinolinic acid-induced rat model of Huntington's disease by targeting IKK-NF-κB pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 934:175316. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.175316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
7
|
Moreira P, Matos P, Figueirinha A, Salgueiro L, Batista MT, Branco PC, Cruz MT, Pereira CF. Forest Biomass as a Promising Source of Bioactive Essential Oil and Phenolic Compounds for Alzheimer's Disease Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158812. [PMID: 35955963 PMCID: PMC9369093 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder affecting elderly people worldwide. Currently, there are no effective treatments for AD able to prevent disease progression, highlighting the urgency of finding new therapeutic strategies to stop or delay this pathology. Several plants exhibit potential as source of safe and multi-target new therapeutic molecules for AD treatment. Meanwhile, Eucalyptus globulus extracts revealed important pharmacological activities, namely antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which can contribute to the reported neuroprotective effects. This review summarizes the chemical composition of essential oil (EO) and phenolic extracts obtained from Eucalyptus globulus leaves, disclosing major compounds and their effects on AD-relevant pathological features, including deposition of amyloid-β (Aβ) in senile plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau in neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), abnormalities in GABAergic, cholinergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission, inflammation, and oxidative stress. In general, 1,8-cineole is the major compound identified in EO, and ellagic acid, quercetin, and rutin were described as main compounds in phenolic extracts from Eucalyptus globulus leaves. EO and phenolic extracts, and especially their major compounds, were found to prevent several pathological cellular processes and to improve cognitive function in AD animal models. Therefore, Eucalyptus globulus leaves are a relevant source of biological active and safe molecules that could be used as raw material for nutraceuticals and plant-based medicinal products useful for AD prevention and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Moreira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Patrícia Matos
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIEPQPF, Research Center for Chemical Processes Engineering and Forest Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Artur Figueirinha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIEPQPF, Research Center for Chemical Processes Engineering and Forest Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Lígia Salgueiro
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- CIEPQPF, Research Center for Chemical Processes Engineering and Forest Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria Teresa Batista
- CIEPQPF, Research Center for Chemical Processes Engineering and Forest Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Maria Teresa Cruz
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Fragão Pereira
- CNC—Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB—Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wang W, Wang S, Liu Y, Wang X, Nie J, Meng X, Zhang Y. Ellagic Acid: A Dietary-Derived Phenolic Compound for Drug Discovery in Mild Cognitive Impairment. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:925855. [PMID: 35860668 PMCID: PMC9289475 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.925855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA), a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, is detected in free form or linked to polyols or sugars, constituting hydrolyzable tannins or ellagitannins in distinct fruits, nuts, and herbs. Today, a considerable number of botanicals and enriched foods containing EA are commercially available as nutraceuticals and used to prevent mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to the excellent neuroprotective capacity of EA. Here, this study aims to provide an overview of the physicochemical properties, source, and pharmacokinetics of EA and to emphasize the importance and mechanisms of EA in the prevention and management of MCI. To date, preclinical studies of EA and its derivatives in various cell lines and animal models have advanced the idea of dietary EA as a feasible agent capable of specifically targeting and improving MCI. The molecular mechanisms of EA and its derivatives to prevent or reduce MCI are mainly through reducing neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, neuronal apoptosis, synaptic dysfunction and loss, and defective mitochondrial functions. Nevertheless, well-designed and correctly large randomized controlled trials in the human population need to be performed to reinforce the scientific facticity of the beneficial effects of EA against MCI. Synchronously, the mechanism of EA against MCI is least provided cynosure and expects more attention from the emerging research community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shaohui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Shaohui Wang,
| | - Yue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jia Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xianli Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Ethnic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Yi Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhang T, Kim MJ, Kim MJ, Wu X, Yang HJ, Yuan H, Huang S, Yoon SM, Kim KN, Park S. Long-Term Effect of Porcine Brain Enzyme Hydrolysate Intake on Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063361. [PMID: 35328781 PMCID: PMC8951530 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
No study has revealed the effect of porcine brain enzyme hydrolysate (PBEH) on memory impairment. We aimed to examine the hypothesis that PBEH intake modulates memory deficits and cognitive behavior in scopolamine (SC)-induced amnesia rats, and its mechanism, including gut microbiota changes, was determined. Sprague–Dawley male rats had intraperitoneal injections of SC (2 mg/kg body weight/day) at 30 min after daily feeding of casein (MD-control), PBEH (7 mg total nitrogen/mL) at 0.053 mL (Low-PBEH), 0.159 mL (Medium-PBEH), 0.478 mL (High-PBEH), or 10 mg donepezil (Positive-control) per kilogram body weight per day through a feeding needle for six weeks. The Normal-control rats had casein feeding without SC injection. PBEH dose-dependently protected against memory deficits determined by passive avoidance test, Y-maze, water-maze, and novel object recognition test in SC-induced rats compared to the MD-control. The High-PBEH group had a similar memory function to the Positive-control group. Systemic insulin resistance determined by HOMA-IR was lower in the PBEH groups than in the Normal-control but not the Positive-control. In parallel with systemic insulin resistance, decreased cholesterol and increased glycogen contents in the hippocampus in the Medium-PBEH and High-PBEH represented reduced brain insulin resistance. PBEH intake prevented the increment of serum TNF-α and IL-1β concentrations in the SC-injected rats. Hippocampal lipid peroxide and TNF-α contents and mRNA TNF-α and IL-1β expression were dose-dependently reduced in PBEH and Positive-control. PBEH decreased the hippocampal acetylcholinesterase activity compared to the MD-control, but not as much as the Positive-control. PBEH intake increased the α-diversity of the gut microbiota compared to the MD-control, and the gut microbiota community was separated from MD-control. In metagenome function analysis, PBEH increased the energy metabolism-related pathways of the gut microbiota, including citric acid cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis, and amino acid metabolism, which were lower in the MD-control than the Normal-control. In conclusion, alleviated memory deficit by PBEH was associated potentially with not only reducing acetylcholinesterase activity but also improving brain insulin resistance and neuroinflammation potentially through modulating gut microbiota. PBEH intake (1.5–4.5 mL of 7 mg total nitrogen/mL for human equivalent) can be a potential therapeutic agent for improving memory impairment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Department of Bio-Convergence System, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Korea; (T.Z.); (X.W.); (H.Y.); (S.H.)
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korean Food Research Institutes, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.J.K.); (H.J.Y.)
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Department of R&D, Unimed Pharmaceuticals Inc., Unimed Bldg., Seoul 05567, Korea; (M.J.K.); (S.M.Y.); (K.-N.K.)
| | - Xuangao Wu
- Department of Bio-Convergence System, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Korea; (T.Z.); (X.W.); (H.Y.); (S.H.)
| | - Hye Jeong Yang
- Research Division of Food Functionality, Korean Food Research Institutes, Wanju 55365, Korea; (M.J.K.); (H.J.Y.)
| | - Heng Yuan
- Department of Bio-Convergence System, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Korea; (T.Z.); (X.W.); (H.Y.); (S.H.)
| | - Shaokai Huang
- Department of Bio-Convergence System, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Korea; (T.Z.); (X.W.); (H.Y.); (S.H.)
| | - Sun Myung Yoon
- Department of R&D, Unimed Pharmaceuticals Inc., Unimed Bldg., Seoul 05567, Korea; (M.J.K.); (S.M.Y.); (K.-N.K.)
| | - Keun-Nam Kim
- Department of R&D, Unimed Pharmaceuticals Inc., Unimed Bldg., Seoul 05567, Korea; (M.J.K.); (S.M.Y.); (K.-N.K.)
| | - Sunmin Park
- Department of Bio-Convergence System, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Korea; (T.Z.); (X.W.); (H.Y.); (S.H.)
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Obesity/Diabetes Research Center, Hoseo University, Asan 31499, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-41-540-5345; Fax: +82-41-548-0670
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Phenolic Acids and Prevention of Cognitive Decline: Polyphenols with a Neuroprotective Role in Cognitive Disorders and Alzheimer's Disease. Nutrients 2022. [PMID: 35215469 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040819.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment, also known as cognitive decline, can occur gradually or suddenly and can be temporary or more permanent. It represents an increasingly important public health problem and can depend on normal aging or be linked to different neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is now well-established that lifestyle factors including dietary patterns play an important role in healthy aging as well as in the prevention of cognitive decline in later life. Among the natural compounds, dietary polyphenols including phenolic acids have been recently the focus of major attention, with their supplementation being associated with better cognitive status and prevention of cognitive decline. Despite their therapeutic potential, human studies investigating the relation between phenolic acids intake and cognitive outcomes are rather scarce. In this review, we provide preclinical evidence that different dietary polyphenols such as rosmarinic acid, ellagic acid, and cinnamic aldehyde can exert neuroprotective and pro-cognitive activities through different molecular mechanisms including the modulation of pro-oxidant and antioxidant machinery as well as inflammatory status. Future and more numerous in vivo studies are needed to strengthen the promising results obtained at the preclinical level. Despite the excellent pharmacokinetic properties of phenolic acids, which are able to be accumulated in the brain at pharmacologically relevant levels, future studies should also identify which among the different metabolites produced as a consequence of phenolic acids' consumption may be responsible for the potential neuroprotective effects of this subgroup of polyphenols.
Collapse
|
11
|
Caruso G, Godos J, Privitera A, Lanza G, Castellano S, Chillemi A, Bruni O, Ferri R, Caraci F, Grosso G. Phenolic Acids and Prevention of Cognitive Decline: Polyphenols with a Neuroprotective Role in Cognitive Disorders and Alzheimer's Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14040819. [PMID: 35215469 PMCID: PMC8875888 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment, also known as cognitive decline, can occur gradually or suddenly and can be temporary or more permanent. It represents an increasingly important public health problem and can depend on normal aging or be linked to different neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is now well-established that lifestyle factors including dietary patterns play an important role in healthy aging as well as in the prevention of cognitive decline in later life. Among the natural compounds, dietary polyphenols including phenolic acids have been recently the focus of major attention, with their supplementation being associated with better cognitive status and prevention of cognitive decline. Despite their therapeutic potential, human studies investigating the relation between phenolic acids intake and cognitive outcomes are rather scarce. In this review, we provide preclinical evidence that different dietary polyphenols such as rosmarinic acid, ellagic acid, and cinnamic aldehyde can exert neuroprotective and pro-cognitive activities through different molecular mechanisms including the modulation of pro-oxidant and antioxidant machinery as well as inflammatory status. Future and more numerous in vivo studies are needed to strengthen the promising results obtained at the preclinical level. Despite the excellent pharmacokinetic properties of phenolic acids, which are able to be accumulated in the brain at pharmacologically relevant levels, future studies should also identify which among the different metabolites produced as a consequence of phenolic acids' consumption may be responsible for the potential neuroprotective effects of this subgroup of polyphenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Caruso
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.C.); (A.P.)
- Research Operative Unit of Neuropharmacology and Translational Neurosciences, Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
| | - Justyna Godos
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (J.G.); (A.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Anna Privitera
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Lanza
- Clinical Neurophysiology Research Unit, Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy;
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Sabrina Castellano
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy;
| | - Alessio Chillemi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (J.G.); (A.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Oliviero Bruni
- Department of Developmental and Social Psychology, Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Raffaele Ferri
- Sleep Research Centre, Department of Neurology IC, Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy;
| | - Filippo Caraci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy; (G.C.); (A.P.)
- Research Operative Unit of Neuropharmacology and Translational Neurosciences, Oasi Research Institute—IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (J.G.); (A.C.); (G.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Said ES, Elsayed AM, Rashed LA, Nadwa EH, Alsuhaibani NA, Alfuraih BS, Mahmoud RH. Evaluation of nootropic activity of telmisartan and metformin on diazepam-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice through AMPK pathway and amelioration of hippocampal morphological alterations. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 912:174511. [PMID: 34547248 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairments such as dementia are considered the biggest challenges for public health. Benzodiazepines are often prescribed for treatment of anxiety disorder but they are associated with elevated risk of dementia. The present study has been designed to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of telmisartan and metformin on diazepam-induced cognitive dysfunction in mice. Piracetam was used as an established nootropic agent. Mice were divided into 8 groups, group1; control group which received normal saline. groups 2, 3 and 4 were received telmisartan 0.3 mg/kg/day, metformin 100 mg/kg/day and piracetam 200 mg/kg/day respectively. group 5; DZP group that injected with diazepam 2.5 mg/kg, groups 6, 7 and 8 were received diazepam 2.5 mg/kg + telmisartan 0.3 mg/kg/day, metformin 100 mg/kg/day and piracetam 200 mg/kg/day respectively. All drugs were administrated for 15 successive days. Cognitive skills of the animals were examined with Elevated plus maze and Passive Shock Avoidance tests. Investigations of oxidative stress markers were performed. Gene expression levels of TNF-α, NFκB, Caspase 3 and AMPK were analyzed using RT-PCR. Histological and immunohistochemical techniques were performed in hippocampus using H&E, cresyl violet stain, anti GFAP and anti COX-2 immunostain. The study revealed that administration of diazepam increased initial and retention transfer latency as well as it decreased step down latency that means it caused memory impairment. There was a significant increase in hippocampal expression levels of TNF-α, NFκB, and Caspase 3 and downregulation of AMPK expression levels associated with increased neurodegeneration, astrocytes activation and COX-2 immunohistochemical staining. This study indicates that diazepam caused a decline in cognitive function depending on hippocampal activity. Telmisartan, a common antihypertensive agent and metformin, a traditional antidiabetic drug improved this cognitive dysfunction through their anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effect as they decreased initial and retention transfer latency as well as it increased step down latency. Also they decreased TNF-α, NFκB, and Caspase 3 and upregulated AMPK expression, moreover they ameliorated the hippocampal morphological alterations, GFAP and COX-2 immunoexpression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eman S Said
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63511, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah 52571, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Asmaa M Elsayed
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt
| | - Laila A Rashed
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Eman H Nadwa
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia; Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | | | | | - Rania H Mahmoud
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ellagic acid prevents 3-nitropropionic acid induced symptoms of Huntington's disease. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2021; 394:1917-1928. [PMID: 34061228 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02106-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial abnormalities and redox imbalance are major pathogenic factors in progression of Huntington's disease (HD), manifested clinically by affective, motor, cognitive, and psychiatric incompetence. Antioxidants behold much promise in mitigation of several pathological facets in HD. Ellagic acid (EA) is a naturally derived polyphenol acknowledged for potent neuroprotective abilities that enabled its significance amongst popular brain tonics. The present study is aimed to examine the outcome of EA pre-treatment in 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP) rat prototype of HD. Separate rat groups were pre-treated with EA (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg, p.o.) for 21 days and 3-NP (10 mg/kg, i.p.) was given for 14 days alongside to induce symptoms of HD. The physical/motor functions (narrow beam paradigm, footprint study, hanging-wire assessment) and cognitive abilities using elevated plus maze and novel object recognition task were evaluated. Entire brain was isolated and succinate dehydrogenase activity and parameters of oxido-nitrosative stress were assessed in mitochondrial fraction. 3-NP accrued oxido-nitrosative stress and significant decrease in succinate dehydrogenase activity caused motor and cognitive deficits in rats. EA pre-treatment resurrected succinate dehydrogenase activity in 3-NP treated rats that indicated preservation of mitochondrial function. A significant decrease in thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and nitrite levels and increase in glutathione and catalase activity by EA in 3-NP treated rats was noted. EA protected the rats against 3-NP triggered cognitive insufficiency and motor disturbances. It can be inferred that ellagic acid protects against 3-NP induced mitochondrial dysfunction and oxido-nitrosative stress in the brain. EA supplements or nutraceuticals might possess protective potential against symptoms of HD.
Collapse
|
14
|
Okuyama S, Furukawa Y, Yoshimura M, Amakura Y, Nakajima M, Yoshida T. Oenothein B, a Bioactive Ellagitannin, Activates the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 2 Signaling Pathway in the Mouse Brain. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10051030. [PMID: 34065522 PMCID: PMC8161343 DOI: 10.3390/plants10051030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
(1) Background: Oenothein B, a cyclic dimeric ellagitannin present in various medicinal plants, has been reported to exert diverse effects that are beneficial for the treatment and prevention of diseases, including cancer and infections. We recently showed that oenothein B also functions in the brain because its oral administration to systemic inflammatory model mice reduced inflammatory responses in the brain and suppressed abnormal behavior. (2) Results: The present in vivo results demonstrated that oenothein B activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 and cAMP response element-binding protein in the brain, both of which play important roles in synaptic transmission and learning/memory in the central nervous system (CNS). (3) Conclusions: These results suggest that oenothein B exerts neuroprotective effects on the CNS by not only its anti-inflammatory activity but also by enhancing neuronal signaling pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Okuyama
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8578, Ehime, Japan; (S.O.); (M.N.)
| | - Yoshiko Furukawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8578, Ehime, Japan; (S.O.); (M.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +89-925-7111; Fax: +89-926-7162
| | - Morio Yoshimura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8578, Ehime, Japan; (M.Y.); (Y.A.); (T.Y.)
| | - Yoshiaki Amakura
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8578, Ehime, Japan; (M.Y.); (Y.A.); (T.Y.)
| | - Mitsunari Nakajima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8578, Ehime, Japan; (S.O.); (M.N.)
| | - Takashi Yoshida
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University, 4-2 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8578, Ehime, Japan; (M.Y.); (Y.A.); (T.Y.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1 Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Gupta A, Singh AK, Kumar R, Jamieson S, Pandey AK, Bishayee A. Neuroprotective Potential of Ellagic Acid: A Critical Review. Adv Nutr 2021; 12:1211-1238. [PMID: 33693510 PMCID: PMC8321875 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EA) is a dietary polyphenol present in various fruits, vegetables, herbs, and nuts. It exists either independently or as part of complex structures, such as ellagitannins, which release EA and several other metabolites including urolithins following absorption. During the past few decades, EA has drawn considerable attention because of its vast range of biological activities as well as its numerous molecular targets. Several studies have reported that the oxidative stress-lowering potential of EA accounts for its broad-spectrum pharmacological attributes. At the biochemical level, several mechanisms have also been associated with its therapeutic action, including its efficacy in normalizing lipid metabolism and lipidemic profile, regulating proinflammatory mediators, such as IL-6, IL-1β, and TNF-α, upregulating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and inhibiting NF-κB action. EA exerts appreciable neuroprotective activity by its free radical-scavenging action, iron chelation, initiation of several cell signaling pathways, and alleviation of mitochondrial dysfunction. Numerous in vivo studies have also explored the neuroprotective attribute of EA against various neurotoxins in animal models. Despite the increasing number of publications with experimental evidence, a critical analysis of available literature to understand the full neuroprotective potential of EA has not been performed. The present review provides up-to-date, comprehensive, and critical information regarding the natural sources of EA, its bioavailability, metabolism, neuroprotective activities, and underlying mechanisms of action in order to encourage further studies to define the clinical usefulness of EA for the management of neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashutosh Gupta
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ramesh Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Allahabad, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sarah Jamieson
- Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Bradenton, FL, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ellagic Acid Inhibits Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Impairment Induced by Lipopolysaccharides. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:2456-2473. [PMID: 32779097 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03105-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is a predisposing factor for the development of cognitive impairment and dementia. Among the new molecules that are currently being studied, ellagic acid (EA) has stood out for its neuroprotective properties. The present study investigated the effects of ellagic acid in the object recognition test, oxidative stress, cholinergic neurotransmission, glial cell expression, and phosphorylated Tau protein expression. For this, 32 male Wistar rats received an intraperitoneal (IP) application of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) at a dose of 250 µg/kg or 0.9% saline solution (SAL) for 8 days. Two hours after the IP injections, the animals received 100 mg/kg of EA or SAL via intragastric gavage. Behavioral parameters (open field test and object recognition) were performed on days 5, 6, and 7 of the experimental periods. The results showed that the treatment with EA in the LPS group was able to inhibit cognitive impairment, modulate the immune system response by significantly reducing glial cell expression, attenuating phosphorylated Tau and oxidative damage with consequent improvement in the antioxidant system, as well as preventing the increase of acetylcholinesterase activity. Thus, the neuroprotective effects of EA and its therapeutic potential in cognitive disorders secondary to neuroinflammation were demonstrated.
Collapse
|
17
|
Mirshekar MA, Lakzaei H, Shabani S. Therapeutic effects of levothyroxine in a rat model of scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment: An electrophysiological, behavioral, and biochemical study. LEARNING AND MOTIVATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lmot.2020.101654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
18
|
Aslan A, Gok O, Beyaz S, Arslan E, Erman O, Ağca CA. The preventive effect of ellagic acid on brain damage in rats via regulating of Nrf-2, NF-kB and apoptotic pathway. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13217. [PMID: 32250487 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective role of ellagic acid (EA) on CCl4 -induced brain injury in rats. In this study, the rats were divided into four groups. Groups: (1) Control group; (2) EA group; (3) CCl4 group; (4) EA + CCl4 group. In brain tissue, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor kappa b (NF-kB), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), nuclear erythroid related factor 2 (Nrf-2), cysteine-aspartic acid protease (caspase-3), VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) and B-cell lymphoma-2 (bcl-2) protein expression levels were analyzed by western blotting. MDA (malondialdehyde), catalase enzyme activity (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) analysis were determined by spectrophotometer. In our findings, EA ameliorated Nrf-2 and caspase-3 protein expression levels, GSH and catalase activities, NF-kB, TNF-α, VEGF, Bcl-2, COX-2 protein expression levels and MDA levels in CCl4 intoxicated rats. These results suggest that EA demonstrated the neuroprotective effect on CCl4 -induced brain damage in rats. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Ellagic acid has different biological activities, these are; antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, antifibrosis, anticancer, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective. For example it was reported that EA protects the cells against DNA injury induced by free radicals and it can prevent the traumatic brain injury. These results obtained from this study reveals that EA has a protective effect against rat brain damage and it may be used as an alternative drugs for the brain injury treatment in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdullah Aslan
- Department of Biology-Molecular Biology and Genetics Program, Faculty of Science, University of Firat, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Ozlem Gok
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Firat, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Seda Beyaz
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Firat, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Emre Arslan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Firat, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Orhan Erman
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Firat, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Can Ali Ağca
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of Bingol, Bingol, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Tancheva LP, Lazarova MI, Alexandrova AV, Dragomanova ST, Nicoletti F, Tzvetanova ER, Hodzhev YK, Kalfin RE, Miteva SA, Mazzon E, Tzvetkov NT, Atanasov AG. Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Three Natural Antioxidants on a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease: A Comparative Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9010049. [PMID: 31935828 PMCID: PMC7022962 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We compared the neuroprotective action of three natural bio-antioxidants (AOs): ellagic acid (EA), α-lipoic acid (LA), and myrtenal (Myrt) in an experimental model of Parkinson’s disease (PD) that was induced in male Wistar rats through an intrastriatal injection of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The animals were divided into five groups: the sham-operated (SO) control group; striatal 6-OHDA-lesioned control group; and three groups of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats pre-treated for five days with EA, LA, and Myrt (50 mg/kg; intraperitoneally- i.p.), respectively. On the 2nd and the 3rd week post lesion, the animals were subjected to several behavioral tests: apomorphine-induced rotation; rotarod; and the passive avoidance test. Biochemical evaluation included assessment of main oxidative stress parameters as well as dopamine (DA) levels in brain homogenates. The results showed that all three test compounds improved learning and memory performance as well as neuromuscular coordination. Biochemical assays showed that all three compounds substantially decreased lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels, and restored catalase (CAT) activity and DA levels that were impaired by the challenge with 6-OHDA. Based on these results, we can conclude that the studied AOs demonstrate properties that are consistent with significant antiparkinsonian effects. The most powerful neuroprotective effect was observed with Myrt, and this work represents the first demonstration of its anti-Parkinsonian impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lyubka P. Tancheva
- Department of Behavior Neurobiology, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (S.T.D.); (S.A.M.)
- Correspondence: (L.P.T.); (A.G.A.); Tel.: +359-2979-2175 (L.P.T.); +48-227-367-022 (A.G.A.)
| | - Maria I. Lazarova
- Department of Synaptic Signaling and Communications, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (M.I.L.); (R.E.K.)
| | - Albena V. Alexandrova
- Department Biological Effects of Natural and Synthetic Substances, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (A.V.A.); (E.R.T.)
| | - Stela T. Dragomanova
- Department of Behavior Neurobiology, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (S.T.D.); (S.A.M.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University, Varna 9002, Bulgaria
| | - Ferdinando Nicoletti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via S. Sofia 89, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Elina R. Tzvetanova
- Department Biological Effects of Natural and Synthetic Substances, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (A.V.A.); (E.R.T.)
| | - Yordan K. Hodzhev
- Department of Sensory Neurobiology, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria;
| | - Reni E. Kalfin
- Department of Synaptic Signaling and Communications, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (M.I.L.); (R.E.K.)
| | - Simona A. Miteva
- Department of Behavior Neurobiology, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (S.T.D.); (S.A.M.)
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Via Provinciale Palermo, Contrada Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy;
| | - Nikolay T. Tzvetkov
- Department of Biochemical Pharmacology and Drug Design, Institute of Molecular Biology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria;
| | - Atanas G. Atanasov
- Department of Synaptic Signaling and Communications, Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria; (M.I.L.); (R.E.K.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence: (L.P.T.); (A.G.A.); Tel.: +359-2979-2175 (L.P.T.); +48-227-367-022 (A.G.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Goudarzi M, Mombeini MA, Fatemi I, Aminzadeh A, Kalantari H, Nesari A, Najafzadehvarzi H, Mehrzadi S. Neuroprotective effects of Ellagic acid against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in rats. Neurol Res 2019; 41:419-428. [DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2019.1576319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Goudarzi
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Mombeini
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Iman Fatemi
- Physiology-Pharmacology Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Azadeh Aminzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Pharmaceutics Research Center Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Heibatullah Kalantari
- Medicinal Plant Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ali Nesari
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Physiology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Hossein Najafzadehvarzi
- Cellular and molecular biology research center, Health research Institute, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Babol University of Medical sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Saeed Mehrzadi
- Razi Drug Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Diosmin is neuroprotective in a rat model of scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 108:1376-1383. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.09.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Revised: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
|
22
|
Kumar M, Bansal N. Ellagic acid prevents dementia through modulation of PI3-kinase-endothelial nitric oxide synthase signalling in streptozotocin-treated rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 391:987-1001. [PMID: 29947909 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-018-1524-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ellagic acid (EGA)-enriched dietary supplements are widely acclaimed, owing to its versatile bioactivities. Previously, we reported that chronic administration of EGA prevented the impairment of cognitive abilities in rats using the intracerebroventricular-administered streptozotocin (STZ-ICV) model of Alzheimer's disease. Impairment of phosphoinositide 3 (PI3)-kinase-regulated endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity by central administration of STZ in rodents instigates dementia. The aim of the present study was to delineate the role of PI3-kinase-eNOS activity in the prevention of STZ-ICV-induced memory dysfunctions by EGA. The Morris water maze and elevated plus maze tests were conducted, and brain oxidative stress markers (TBARS, GSH, SOD, CAT), nitrite, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), LDH, TNF-α and eNOS were quantified. Administration of EGA (35 mg/k, p.o.) for 4 weeks daily attenuated the STZ-ICV (3 mg/kg)-triggered increase of brain oxidative stress, nitrite and TNF-α levels; AChE and LDH activity; and decline of brain eNOS activity. The memory restoration by EGA in STZ-ICV-treated rats was conspicuously impaired by N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (20 mg/kg, 28 days) and wortmannin (5 μg/rat; ICV) treatments. Wortmannin (PI3-kinase inhibitor) and L-NAME groups manifested elevated brain oxidative stress, TNF-α content and AChE and LDH activity and diminished nitrite content. L-NAME (arginine-based competitive eNOS inhibitor) enhanced the eNOS expression (not activity) whereas wortmannin reduced the brain eNOS levels in EGA- and STZ-ICV-treated rats. However, the L-NAME group exhibited superior cognitive abilities in comparison to the wortmannin group. It can be concluded that EGA averted the memory deficits by precluding the STZ-ICV-induced loss of PI3-kinase-eNOS signalling in the brain of rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- IKG Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab, 144603, India
- Department of Pharmacology, ASBASJSM College of Pharmacy, Bela, Ropar, 140111, India
| | - Nitin Bansal
- Department of Pharmacology, ASBASJSM College of Pharmacy, Bela, Ropar, 140111, India.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Skalicka-Wozniak K, Budzynska B, Biala G, Boguszewska-Czubara A. Scopolamine-Induced Memory Impairment Is Alleviated by Xanthotoxin: Role of Acetylcholinesterase and Oxidative Stress Processes. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:1184-1194. [PMID: 29378112 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthotoxin, popularly occurring furanocoumarin, which can be found in plants from the Apiaceae family, was isolated from fruits of Pastinaca sativa L. by mean of high-performance countercurrent chromatography, and its effects on the scopolamine-induced cognitive deficits in male Swiss mice using the passive avoidance (PA) test were evaluated. To measure the acquisition of memory processes, xanthotoxin (1, 2.5, 5 mg/kg) was administered 30 min before PA test and scopolamine was administered 10 min after xanthotoxin. To measure the consolidation of memory processes, xanthotoxin (1 and 2.5 mg/kg) was injected immediately after removing the mouse from the apparatus and 10 min after scopolamine was administered. In subchronic experiments, mice were injected with xanthotoxin (1 mg/kg) or saline, 6 days, twice daily. At 24 h after the last injection of the drugs, the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex were removed for biochemical assays. The results demonstrated that either single (2.5 and 5 mg/kg) or repeatable (1 mg/kg) administration of xanthotoxin significantly increased index of latency (IL) in both acquisition and consolidation of memory processes, showing some procognitive effects. The behavioral tests also showed that an acute (2.5 mg/kg) and subchronic (1 mg/kg) administration of xanthotoxin prevent memory impairment induced by injection of scopolamine (1 mg/kg). Observed effects could be due to the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activities and amelioration of oxidative stress processes in the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex. It was suggested that xanthotoxin could show neuroprotective effect in scopolamine-induced cognitive impairment connected to cholinergic neurotransmission and oxidative stress in the brain structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Skalicka-Wozniak
- Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plants Unit, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Barbara Budzynska
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Grazyna Biala
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Boguszewska-Czubara
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodzki Str., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sanadgol N, Golab F, Tashakkor Z, Taki N, Moradi Kouchi S, Mostafaie A, Mehdizadeh M, Abdollahi M, Taghizadeh G, Sharifzadeh M. Neuroprotective effects of ellagic acid on cuprizone-induced acute demyelination through limitation of microgliosis, adjustment of CXCL12/IL-17/IL-11 axis and restriction of mature oligodendrocytes apoptosis. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2017; 55:1679-1687. [PMID: 28447514 PMCID: PMC6130560 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1319867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Ellagic acid (EA) is a natural phenol antioxidant with various therapeutic activities. However, the efficacy of EA has not been examined in neuropathologic conditions. OBJECTIVE In vivo neuroprotective effects of EA on cuprizone (cup)-induced demyelination were evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS C57BL/6 J mice were fed with chow containing 0.2% cup for 4 weeks to induce oligodendrocytes (OLGs) depletion predominantly in the corpus callosum (CC). EA was administered at different doses (40 or 80 mg/kg body weight/day/i.p.) from the first day of cup diet. Oligodendrocytes apoptosis [TUNEL assay and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG+)/caspase-3+ cells), gliosis (H&E staining, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP+) and macrophage-3 (Mac-3+) cells) and inflammatory markers (interleukin 17 (IL-17), interleukin 11 (IL-11) and stromal cell-derived factor 1 α (SDF-1α) or CXCL12] during cup intoxication were examined. RESULTS High dose of EA (EA-80) increased mature oligodendrocytes population (MOG+ cells, p < 0.001), and decreased apoptosis (p < 0.05) compared with the cup mice. Treatment with both EA doses did not show any considerable effects on the expression of CXCL12, but significantly down-regulated the expression of IL-17 and up-regulated the expression of IL-11 in mRNA levels compared with the cup mice. Only treatment with EA-80 significantly decreased the population of active macrophage (MAC-3+ cells, p < 0.001) but not reactive astrocytes (GFAP+ cells) compared with the cup mice. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION In this model, EA-80 effectively reduces lesions via reduction of neuroinflammation and toxic effects of cup on mature OLGs. EA is a suitable therapeutic agent for moderate brain damage in neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nima Sanadgol
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Golab
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zakiyeh Tashakkor
- MSc in Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nooshin Taki
- MSc in Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Moradi Kouchi
- MSc in Cell and Developmental Biology, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Mostafaie
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mehdizadeh
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Toxicology and Diseases Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghorban Taghizadeh
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Sharifzadeh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Danesi F, Ferguson LR. Could Pomegranate Juice Help in the Control of Inflammatory Diseases? Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9090958. [PMID: 28867799 PMCID: PMC5622718 DOI: 10.3390/nu9090958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 08/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fruits rich in polyphenols, such as pomegranates, have been shown to have health benefits relating to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Using data obtained from PubMed and Scopus, this article provides a brief overview of the therapeutic effects of pomegranate on chronic inflammatory diseases (CID) such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), metabolic and cardiovascular disorders, and other inflammatory-associated conditions, with an emphasis on fruit-derived juices. Most studies regarding the effects of pomegranate juice have focused on its ability to treat prostate cancer, diabetes, and atherosclerosis. However, pomegranate juice has shown therapeutic potential for many other illnesses. For instance, a small number of human clinical trials have highlighted the positive effects of pomegranate juice and extract consumption on cardiovascular health. The beneficial effects of pomegranate components have also been observed in animal models for respiratory diseases, RA, neurodegenerative disease, and hyperlipidaemia. Furthermore, there exists strong evidence from rodent models suggesting that pomegranate juice can be used to effectively treat IBD, and as an anti-inflammatory agent to treat CID. The effects of pomegranate intake should be further investigated by conducting larger and more well-defined human trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Danesi
- Department of Agri-Food Science and Technology (DISTAL), University of Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, 47521 Cesena, Italy.
| | - Lynnette R Ferguson
- Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Farbood Y, Shabani S, Sarkaki A, Mard SA, Ahangarpour A, Khorsandi L. Peripheral and central administration of T3 improved the histological changes, memory and the dentate gyrus electrophysiological activity in an animal model of Alzheimer's disease. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:693-701. [PMID: 28124751 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-016-9947-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The amyloid beta (Aβ) induced Alzheimer's disease (AD) is associated with formation the amyloid plaques, cognitive impairments and decline in spontaneous discharge of neurons. In the current study, we evaluated the effect of subcutaneous (S. C) and intrahippocampal (I. H) administrations of triiodothyronine (T3) on the histological changes, memory and the dentate gyrus (DG) electrophysiological activity in an animal model of AD. Eighty adult male Wistar rats (250-300 g) were divided randomly into five groups: Sham-Operated (Sh-O), AD + Vehicle (S. C), AD + Vehicle (I. H), AD+ T3 (S. C) and AD + T3 (I. H). In order to induce animal model of AD, Aβ (10 ng/μl, bilaterally) were injected intrahippocampally. Rats were treated with T3 and/or normal saline for 10 days. Passive avoidance and spatial memory were evaluated in shuttle box apparatus and Morris water maze, respectively. Neuronal single unit recording was assessed from hippocampal DG. The percent of total time that animals spent in target quarter, the mean latency time (sec), the step through latency and the average number of spikes/bin were decreased significantly in AD rats compared with the Sh-O group (p < 0.001) and were increased significantly in AD groups that have received T3 (S. C and I. H) in compared with AD group (p < 0.01, p < 0.001). Also, formation of amyloid plaques was decreased in AD rats treated with T3.The results showed that T3 injection (S. C and I. H), by reduction of neural damage and increment of neuronal spontaneous activity improved the memory deficits in Aβ-induced AD rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaghoob Farbood
- Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Sahreh Shabani
- Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Alireza Sarkaki
- Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Ali Mard
- Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Physiology Research Center, Department of Physiology, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Layasadat Khorsandi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Department of Anatomical Sciences, Medical School, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kiasalari Z, Heydarifard R, Khalili M, Afshin-Majd S, Baluchnejadmojarad T, Zahedi E, Sanaierad A, Roghani M. Ellagic acid ameliorates learning and memory deficits in a rat model of Alzheimer's disease: an exploration of underlying mechanisms. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:1841-1852. [PMID: 28303372 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4589-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with irreversible loss of intellectual abilities. Current therapies for AD are still insufficient. OBJECTIVE In this study, the effect of ellagic acid on learning and memory deficits was evaluated in intrahippocampal amyloid beta (Aβ25-35)-microinjected rats and its modes of action were also explored. METHODS AD rat model was induced by bilateral intrahippocampal microinjection of Aβ25-35 and ellagic acid was daily administered (10, 50, and 100 mg/kg), and learning, recognition memory, and spatial memory were evaluated in addition to histochemical assessment, oxidative stress, cholinesterases activity, and level of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2). RESULTS The amyloid beta-microinjected rats showed a lower discrimination ratio in novel object and alternation score in Y maze tasks and exhibited an impairment of retention and recall capability in passive avoidance paradigm and higher working and reference memory errors in radial arm maze (RAM). In addition, amyloid beta group showed a lower number of Nissl-stained neurons in CA1 area in addition to enhanced oxidative stress, higher activity of cholinesterases, greater level of NF-κB and TLR4, and lower level of nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio for Nrf2 and ellagic acid at a dose of 100 mg/kg significantly prevented most of these abnormal alterations. CONCLUSIONS Ellagic acid pretreatment of intrahippocampal amyloid beta-microinjected rats could dose-dependently improve learning and memory deficits via neuronal protection and at molecular level through mitigation of oxidative stress and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and modulation of NF-κB/Nrf2/TLR4 signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Kiasalari
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohsen Khalili
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Elham Zahedi
- School of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mehrdad Roghani
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Szwajgier D, Borowiec K, Pustelniak K. The Neuroprotective Effects of Phenolic Acids: Molecular Mechanism of Action. Nutrients 2017; 9:nu9050477. [PMID: 28489058 PMCID: PMC5452207 DOI: 10.3390/nu9050477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The neuroprotective role of phenolic acids from food has previously been reported by many authors. In this review, the role of phenolic acids in ameliorating depression, ischemia/reperfusion injury, neuroinflammation, apoptosis, glutamate-induced toxicity, epilepsy, imbalance after traumatic brain injury, hyperinsulinemia-induced memory impairment, hearing and vision disturbances, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, anti-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Chagas disease and other less distributed diseases is discussed. This review covers the in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo studies concerning the prevention and treatment of neurological disorders (on the biochemical and gene expression levels) by phenolic acids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Szwajgier
- Department of Biotechnology, Human Nutrition and the Science of Food Commodities, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin 20704, Poland.
| | - Kamila Borowiec
- Department of Biotechnology, Human Nutrition and the Science of Food Commodities, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin 20704, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Pustelniak
- Department of Biotechnology, Human Nutrition and the Science of Food Commodities, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin 20704, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Baluchnejadmojarad T, Rabiee N, Zabihnejad S, Roghani M. Ellagic acid exerts protective effect in intrastriatal 6-hydroxydopamine rat model of Parkinson’s disease: Possible involvement of ERβ/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. Brain Res 2017; 1662:23-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2017.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
|