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Yue G, Li Y, Liu Z, Yu S, Cao Y, Wang X. Efficacy of MSC-derived small extracellular vesicles in treating type II diabetic cutaneous wounds: a systematic review and meta-analysis of animal models. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1375632. [PMID: 39076515 PMCID: PMC11284036 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1375632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Small extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-sEVs) have emerged as a promising therapy for treating type II diabetic cutaneous wounds. Currently, the evidence supporting the use of MSC-sEVs for treating diabetic skin wounds remains inconclusive and is limited to preclinical studies. To facilitate the clinical translation of cell-free therapy, conducting a comprehensive systematic review of preclinical studies assessing the efficacy of MSC-sEVs is imperative. Methods A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases until June 14, 2023, to identify studies that met our pre-established inclusion criteria. The outcome indicators comprised wound closure rate (primary outcome), neovascular density, re-epithelialization rate, collagen deposition, and inflammatory factors (secondary Outcomes). A fixed-effects model was employed in instances of low heterogeneity (I2<50%), while a random-effects model was utilized for high heterogeneity (I2≥50%). The risk of bias in animal studies was assessed using the SYRCLE tool. Results Twenty-one studies were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with the control group, MSC-sEVs were found to significantly facilitate the healing of cutaneous wounds in type II diabetic patients (standardized mean difference [SMD]=3.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.65 to 3.66, P<0.00001, I2 = 39%). Conclusions According to the meta-analysis of preclinical studies, MSC-sEVs show promising applications in promoting type II diabetic wound healing. As a result, translating these findings into clinical applications appears warranted. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier CRD42023375467.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangren Yue
- Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu Li
- Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuying Yu
- Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yilin Cao
- Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tissue Engineering, National Tissue Engineering Center of China, Shanghai, China
| | - Ximei Wang
- Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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2
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Sirisereephap K, Tamura H, Lim JH, Surboyo MDC, Isono T, Hiyoshi T, Rosenkranz AL, Sato-Yamada Y, Domon H, Ikeda A, Hirose T, Sunazuka T, Yoshiba N, Okada H, Terao Y, Maeda T, Tabeta K, Chavakis T, Hajishengallis G, Maekawa T. A novel macrolide-Del-1 axis to regenerate bone in old age. iScience 2024; 27:108798. [PMID: 38261928 PMCID: PMC10797555 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is associated with increased susceptibility to chronic inflammatory bone loss disorders, such as periodontitis, in large part due to the impaired regenerative potential of aging tissues. DEL-1 exerts osteogenic activity and promotes bone regeneration. However, DEL-1 expression declines with age. Here we show that systemically administered macrolide antibiotics and a non-antibiotic erythromycin derivative, EM-523, restore DEL-1 expression in 18-month-old ("aged") mice while promoting regeneration of bone lost due to naturally occurring age-related periodontitis. These compounds failed to induce bone regeneration in age-matched DEL-1-deficient mice. Consequently, these drugs promoted DEL-1-dependent functions, including alkaline phosphatase activity and osteogenic gene expression in the periodontal tissue while inhibiting osteoclastogenesis, leading to net bone growth. Macrolide-treated aged mice exhibited increased skeletal bone mass, suggesting that this treatment may be pertinent to systemic bone loss disorders. In conclusion, we identified a macrolide-DEL-1 axis that can regenerate bone lost due to aging-related disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kridtapat Sirisereephap
- Division of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Hikaru Tamura
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Jong-Hyung Lim
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Meircurius Dwi Condro Surboyo
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
- Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60132, Indonesia
| | - Toshihito Isono
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Takumi Hiyoshi
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Andrea L. Rosenkranz
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Yurie Sato-Yamada
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Hisanori Domon
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Akari Ikeda
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
- Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Hirose
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
- Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Sunazuka
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
- Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
| | - Nagako Yoshiba
- Division of Cariology, Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- Laboratory of Clinical Biotechnology, Center for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Yutaka Terao
- Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Takeyasu Maeda
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Koichi Tabeta
- Division of Periodontology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tomoki Maekawa
- Center for Advanced Oral Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8514, Japan
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3
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Cortés-Morales VA, Chávez-Sánchez L, Rocha-Zavaleta L, Espíndola-Garibay S, Monroy-García A, Castro-Manrreza ME, Fajardo-Orduña GR, Apresa-García T, Gutiérrez-de la Barrera M, Mayani H, Montesinos JJ. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Derived from Cervical Cancer Promote M2 Macrophage Polarization. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071047. [PMID: 37048119 PMCID: PMC10093665 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages with the M2 phenotype promote tumor development through the immunosuppression of antitumor immunity. We previously demonstrated the presence of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) in cervical cancer (CeCa-MSCs), suggesting an immune protective capacity in tumors, but to date, their effect in modulating macrophage polarization remains unknown. In this study, we compared the capacities of MSCs from normal cervix (NCx) and CeCa to promote M2 macrophage polarization in a coculture system. Our results demonstrated that CeCa-MSCs, in contrast to NCx-MSCs, significantly decreased M1 macrophage cell surface marker expression (HLA-DR, CD80, CD86) and increased M2 macrophage expression (CD14, CD163, CD206, Arg1) in cytokine-induced CD14+ monocytes toward M1- or M2-polarized macrophages. Interestingly, compared with NCx-MSCs, in M2 macrophages generated from CeCa-MSC cocultures, we observed an increase in the percentage of phagocytic cells, in the intracellular production of IL-10 and IDO, the capacity to decrease T cell proliferation and for the generation of CD4+CD25+FoxP3+ Tregs. Importantly, this capacity to promote M2 macrophage polarization was correlated with the intracellular expression of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and upregulation of IL-10 in CeCa-MSCs. Furthermore, the presence of M2 macrophages was correlated with the increased production of IL-10 and IL-1RA anti-inflammatory molecules. Our in vitro results indicate that CeCa-MSCs, in contrast to NCx-MSCs, display an increased M2-macrophage polarization potential and suggest a role of CeCa-MSCs in antitumor immunity.
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Duda GN, Geissler S, Checa S, Tsitsilonis S, Petersen A, Schmidt-Bleek K. The decisive early phase of bone regeneration. Nat Rev Rheumatol 2023; 19:78-95. [PMID: 36624263 DOI: 10.1038/s41584-022-00887-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Bone has a remarkable endogenous regenerative capacity that enables scarless healing and restoration of its prior mechanical function, even under challenging conditions such as advanced age and metabolic or immunological degenerative diseases. However - despite much progress - a high number of bone injuries still heal with unsatisfactory outcomes. The mechanisms leading to impaired healing are heterogeneous, and involve exuberant and non-resolving immune reactions or overstrained mechanical conditions that affect the delicate regulation of the early initiation of scar-free healing. Every healing process begins phylogenetically with an inflammatory reaction, but its spatial and temporal intensity must be tightly controlled. Dysregulation of this inflammatory cascade directly affects the subsequent healing phases and hinders the healing progression. This Review discusses the complex processes underlying bone regeneration, focusing on the early healing phase and its highly dynamic environment, where vibrant changes in cellular and tissue composition alter the mechanical environment and thus affect the signalling pathways that orchestrate the healing process. Essential to scar-free healing is the interplay of various dynamic cascades that control timely resolution of local inflammation and tissue self-organization, while also providing sufficient local stability to initiate endogenous restoration. Various immunotherapy and mechanobiology-based therapy options are under investigation for promoting bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg N Duda
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany. .,Berlin Institute of Health Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sven Geissler
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sara Checa
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Serafeim Tsitsilonis
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ansgar Petersen
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katharina Schmidt-Bleek
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Berlin Institute of Health Centre for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Berlin Institute of Health at Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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5
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Lu Y, Li J, Hou N, Zhou L, Quan X, Tang Y, Luo X, Huang S, Ma R. Decellularized tympanic membrane scaffold with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for repairing tympanic membrane perforation. Artif Organs 2023; 47:62-76. [PMID: 36102372 DOI: 10.1111/aor.14399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tympanic membrane perforation (TMP) is a common disease in otology, and few acellular techniques have been reported for repairing this condition. Decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds have been used in organ reconstruction. OBJECTIVE This study on tissue engineering aimed to develop a tympanic membrane (TM) scaffold prepared using detergent immersion and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) as repair materials to reconstruct the TM. RESULTS General structure was observed that the decellularized TM scaffold with BMSCs retained the original intact anatomical ECM structure, with no cell residue, as observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and exhibited low immunogenicity. Therefore, we seeded the decellularized TM scaffold with BMSCs for recellularization. Histology and eosin staining, SEM and immunofluorescence in vivo showed that the recellularized TM patch had a natural ultrastructure and was suitable for the migration and proliferation of BMSCs. The auditory brainstem response (ABR) evaluated after recellularized TM patch repair was slightly higher than that of the normal TM, but the difference was not significant. CONCLUSION The synthetic ECM scaffold provides temporary physical support for the three-dimensional growth of cells during the tissue developmental stage. The scaffold stimulates cells to secrete their own ECM required for tissue regeneration. The recellularized TM patch shows potential as a natural, ultrastructure biological material for TM reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Lu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingzhi Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Hou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxuan Quan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoming Luo
- Department of Biomedical Science, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruina Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, Chinese People's Liberation Army Air Force Military Medical University, Xi' an, People's Republic of China
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6
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Tai C, Xie Z, Li Y, Feng Y, Xie Y, Yang H, Wang L, Wang B. Human skin dermis-derived fibroblasts are a kind of functional mesenchymal stromal cells: judgements from surface markers, biological characteristics, to therapeutic efficacy. Cell Biosci 2022; 12:105. [PMID: 35831878 PMCID: PMC9277801 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-022-00842-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Human mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been widely advocated to clinical use. Human skin dermis-derived fibroblasts shared similar cellular morphology and biological characteristics to MSCs, while it still keeps elusive whether fibroblasts are functionally equivalent to MSCs for therapeutic use.
Methods
We isolated various fibroblasts derived from human foreskins (HFFs) and human double-fold eyelids (HDF) and MSCs derived from human umbilical cords (UC-MSCs), and then comprehensively investigated their similarities and differences in morphology, surface markers, immunoregulation, multilineage differentiation, transcriptome sequencing, and metabolomics, and therapeutic efficacies in treating 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) induced colitis and carbontetrachloride (CCL4) induced liver fibrosis.
Results
Fibroblasts and UC-MSCs shared similar surface markers, strong multilineage differentiation capacity, ability of inhibiting Th1/Th17 differentiation and promoting Treg differentiation in vitro, great similarities in mRNA expression profile and metabolites, and nearly equivalent therapeutic efficacy on TNBS-induced colitis and CCL4-induced hepatic fibrosis.
Conclusion
Human skin dermis-derived fibroblasts were a kind of functional MSCs with functionally equivalent therapeutic efficacy in treating specific complications, indicating fibroblasts potentially had the same lineage hierarchy of origin as MSCs and had a remarkable potential as an alternative to MSCs in the treatment of a variety of diseases.
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7
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Li C, Wang B. Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells in Progressive Fibrogenic Involvement and Anti-Fibrosis Therapeutic Properties. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:902677. [PMID: 35721482 PMCID: PMC9198494 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.902677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis refers to the connective tissue deposition and stiffness usually as a result of injury. Fibrosis tissue-resident mesenchymal cells, including fibroblasts, myofibroblast, smooth muscle cells, and mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), are major players in fibrogenic processes under certain contexts. Acknowledging differentiation potential of MSCs to the aforementioned other types of mesenchymal cell lineages is essential for better understanding of MSCs’ substantial contributions to progressive fibrogenesis. MSCs may represent a potential therapeutic option for fibrosis resolution owing to their unique pleiotropic functions and therapeutic properties. Currently, clinical trial efforts using MSCs and MSC-based products are underway but clinical data collected by the early phase trials are insufficient to offer better support for the MSC-based anti-fibrotic therapies. Given that MSCs are involved in the coagulation through releasing tissue factor, MSCs can retain procoagulant activity to be associated with fibrogenic disease development. Therefore, MSCs’ functional benefits in translational applications need to be carefully balanced with their potential risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghai Li
- Stem Cell Program of Clinical Research Center, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Differentiation and Modification, Henan University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chenghai Li, ; Bin Wang,
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, People’s Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Chenghai Li, ; Bin Wang,
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8
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Kriscenski DE, Lebaschi A, Tamburini LM, McCarthy MBR, Cote MP, Kumbar SG, Mazzocca AD. Characterization of murine subacromial bursal-derived cells. Connect Tissue Res 2022; 63:287-297. [PMID: 34042553 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2021.1917556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/AIM The purpose of this study is to identify a cell population within the murine subcromial bursal-derived cells with characteristics compatible to an accepted mesenchymal stem cell description given by the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT). MATERIALS AND METHODS Murine subacromial bursa was harvested using microsurgical technique. Subacromial bursal-derived cells were classified through colony-forming units, microscopic morphology, fluorescent-activated cell sorting, and differentiation into chondrogenic, adipogenic, and osteogenic lineages. RESULTS Subacromial bursal samples exhibited cell growth out of the tissue for an average of 115 ± 29 colony-forming units per 1 mL of complete media. Subacromial bursal-derived cells exhibited a long, spindle-shaped, fibroblast-like morphology. Subacromial bursal-derived cells positively expressed mesenchymal stem cell markers CD73, CD90, and CD105, and negatively expressed mesenchymal stem cell markers CD31 and CD45. Subacromial bursal-derived cells, examined by Image J analysis and quantitative gene expression, were found to differentiate into chondrogenic, adipogenic, and osteogenic lineages. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated the feasibility of harvesting murine subacromial bursal tissue and identified a cell population within the subacromial bursa with characteristics compatible to an accepted mesenchymal stem cell description. The results of this study suggest that the mouse subacromial bursal-derived cell population harbors mesenchymal stem cells. Murine subacromial bursal tissue is a potential source for obtaining cells with mesenchymal stem cell characteristics for future utilization in orthopedic research to look into treatment of rotator cuff pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amir Lebaschi
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lisa M Tamburini
- School of Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mary Beth R McCarthy
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mark P Cote
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sangamesh G Kumbar
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.,Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Augustus D Mazzocca
- Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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9
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Poomani MS, Mariappan I, Perumal R, Regurajan R, Muthan K, Subramanian V. Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSCs) Therapy for Ischemic Heart Disease: A Promising Frontier. Glob Heart 2022; 17:19. [PMID: 35342702 PMCID: PMC8916054 DOI: 10.5334/gh.1098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Although tremendous progress has been made in conventional treatment for ischemic heart disease, it still remains a major cause of death and disability. Cell-based therapeutics holds an exciting frontier of research for complete cardiac recuperation. The capacity of diverse stem and progenitor cells to stimulate cardiac renewal has been analysed, with promising results in both pre-clinical and clinical trials. Mesenchymal stem cells have been ascertained to have regenerative ability via a variety of mechanisms, including differentiation from the mesoderm lineage, immunomodulatory properties, and paracrine effects. Also, their availability, maintenance, and ability to replenish endogenous stem cell niches have rendered them suitable for front-line research. This review schemes to outline the use of mesenchymal stem cell therapeutics for ischemic heart disease, their characteristics, the potent mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell-based heart regeneration, and highlight preclinical data. Additionally, we discuss the results of the clinical trials to date as well as ongoing clinical trials on ischemic heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merlin Sobia Poomani
- Department of Biotechnology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Iyyadurai Mariappan
- Department of Biotechnology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Rathika Regurajan
- Center for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Krishnaveni Muthan
- Center for Marine Science and Technology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012 Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Venkatesh Subramanian
- Department of Biotechnology, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli 627012, Tamil Nadu, India
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10
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Cardiac regeneration following myocardial infarction: the need for regeneration and a review of cardiac stromal cell populations used for transplantation. Biochem Soc Trans 2022; 50:269-281. [PMID: 35129611 PMCID: PMC9042388 DOI: 10.1042/bst20210231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction is a leading cause of death globally due to the inability of the adult human heart to regenerate after injury. Cell therapy using cardiac-derived progenitor populations emerged about two decades ago with the aim of replacing cells lost after ischaemic injury. Despite early promise from rodent studies, administration of these populations has not translated to the clinic. We will discuss the need for cardiac regeneration and review the debate surrounding how cardiac progenitor populations exert a therapeutic effect following transplantation into the heart, including their ability to form de novo cardiomyocytes and the release of paracrine factors. We will also discuss limitations hindering the cell therapy field, which include the challenges of performing cell-based clinical trials and the low retention of administered cells, and how future research may overcome them.
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11
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Delinassios JG, Hoffman RM. The cancer-inhibitory effects of proliferating tumor-residing fibroblasts. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1877:188673. [PMID: 34953931 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Initiation, local progression, and metastasis of cancer are associated with specific morphological, molecular, and functional changes in the extracellular matrix and the fibroblasts within the tumor microenvironment (TME). In the early stages of tumor development, fibroblasts are an obstacle that cancer cells must surpass or nullify to progress. Thus, in early tumor progression, specific signaling from cancer cells activates bio-pathways, which abolish the innate anticancer properties of fibroblasts and convert a high proportion of them to tumor-promoting cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). Following this initial event, a wide spectrum of gene expression changes gradually leads to the development of a stromal fibroblast population with complex heterogeneity, creating fibroblast subtypes with characteristic profiles, which may alternate between being tumor-promotive and tumor-suppressive, topologically and chronologically in the TME. These fibroblast subtypes form the tumor's histological landscape including areas of cancer growth, inflammation, angiogenesis, invasion fronts, proliferating and non-proliferating fibroblasts, cancer-cell apoptosis, fibroblast apoptosis, and necrosis. These features reflect general deregulation of tissue homeostasis within the TME. This review discusses fundamental and current knowledge that has established the existence of anticancer fibroblasts within the various interacting elements of the TME. It is proposed that the maintenance of fibroblast proliferation is an essential parameter for the activation of their anticancer capacity, similar to that by which normal fibroblasts would be activated in wound repair, thus maintaining tissue homeostasis. Encouragement of research in this direction may render new means of cancer therapy and a greater understanding of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- John G Delinassios
- International Institute of Anticancer Research, 1(st) km Kapandritiou-Kalamou Rd., Kapandriti, 19014 Attica, Greece.
| | - Robert M Hoffman
- Department of Surgery, University of California, 9300 Campus Point Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; AntiCancer Inc., 7917 Ostrow St, San Diego, CA 92111, USA.
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12
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Sanchez-Mata A, Gonzalez-Muñoz E. Understanding menstrual blood-derived stromal/stem cells: Definition and properties. Are we rushing into their therapeutic applications? iScience 2021; 24:103501. [PMID: 34917895 PMCID: PMC8646170 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.103501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells with mesenchymal stem cell properties have been identified in menstrual blood and termed menstrual blood-derived stem/stromal cells (MenSCs). MenSCs have been proposed as ideal candidates for cell-based therapy in regenerative medicine and immune-related diseases. However, MenSCs identity has been loosely defined so far and there is controversy regarding their cell markers and differentiation potential. In this review, we outline the origin of MenSCs in the context of regenerating human endometrium, with attention to endometrial eMSCs as reference cells to understand MenSCs. We summarize the cell identity markers analyzed and the immunomodulatory and reparative properties reported. We also address the recent use of MenSCs in cell reprogramming. The main goal of this review is to contribute to the understanding of the identity and properties of MenSCs as well as to identify potential caveats and new venues that deserve to be explored to strengthen their potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Sanchez-Mata
- Andalusian Laboratory of Cell Reprogramming (LARCel), Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, University of Malaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain
| | - Elena Gonzalez-Muñoz
- Andalusian Laboratory of Cell Reprogramming (LARCel), Andalusian Centre for Nanomedicine and Biotechnology-BIONAND, 29590 Málaga, Spain.,Department of Cell Biology, Genetics and Physiology, University of Malaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.,Networking Research Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, (CIBER-BBN), 29071 Málaga, Spain
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13
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Zanata F, Curley L, Martin E, Bowles A, Bunnell BA, Wu X, Ferreira LM, Gimble JM. Comparative Analysis of Human Adipose-Derived Stromal/Stem Cells and Dermal Fibroblasts. Stem Cells Dev 2021; 30:1171-1178. [PMID: 34486404 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2021.0164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dermal fibroblasts (DFs) share several qualities with mesenchymal stem cell/multipotent stromal cells (MSCs) derived from various tissues, including adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs). ASCs and DFs are morphologically comparable and both cell types can be culture expanded through the utilization of their plastic-adherence properties. Despite these similar characteristics, numerous studies indicate that ASC and DF display distinct therapeutic benefits in clinical applications. To more accurately distinguish between these cell types, human DFs and ASCs isolated from three individual donors were analyzed for multipotency and cell surface marker expressions. The detection of cell surface markers, CD29, CD34, CD44, CD73, CD90, and CD105, were used for phenotypic characterization of the DFs and ASCs. Furthermore, both cell types underwent lineage differentiation based on histochemical staining and the expression of adipogenic related genes, CCAAT/Enhancer-Binding Protein alpha (CEBPα), Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), UCP1, Leptin (LEP), and Adiponectin (ADIPOQ); and osteogenic related genes, Runt related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), Alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), Osteocalcin (OCN), and Osteopontin (OPN). Evidence provided by this study demonstrates similarities between donor-matched ASC and DF with respect to morphology, surface marker expression, differentiation potential, and gene expression, although appearance of enhanced adipogenesis in the ASC based solely on spectrophotometric analyses with no significant difference in real-time polymerase chain reaction detection of adipogenic biomarkers. Thus, there is substantial overlap between the ASC and DF phenotypes based on biochemical and differentiation metrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Zanata
- Plastic Surgery Division, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo UNIFESP/EPM, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Elizabeth Martin
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Annie Bowles
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Bruce A Bunnell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, The University of North Texas Health Science Center at Fort Worth, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Xiying Wu
- La Cell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Lydia Masako Ferreira
- Plastic Surgery Division, Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo UNIFESP/EPM, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jeffrey M Gimble
- La Cell LLC, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
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14
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Monika P, Waiker PV, Chandraprabha MN, Rangarajan A, Murthy KNC. Myofibroblast progeny in wound biology and wound healing studies. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 29:531-547. [PMID: 34009713 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts play a myriad of important roles in human tissue function, especially in wound repair and healing. Among all cells, fibroblasts are group of cells that decide the status of wound as they maintain tissue homeostasis. Currently, the increase in the deleterious effects of chronic wound and their morbidity rate has necessitated the need to understand the influence of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, which chiefly originate locally from tissue-resident fibroblasts to address the same. Wound pathophysiology is complex, herein, we have discussed fibroblast and myofibroblast heterogeneity in skin and different organs by understanding the phenotypical and functional properties of each of its sub-populations in the process of wound healing. Recent advancements in fibroblast activation, differentiation to myofibroblasts, proliferation and migration are discussed in detail. Fibroblasts and myofibroblasts are key players in wound healing and wound remodelling, respectively, and their significance in wound repair is discussed. An increased understanding of their biology during wound healing also gives an opportunity to explore more of fibroblast and myofibroblast focused therapies to treat chronic wounds which are clinical challenges. In this regard, in the current review, we have described the different methods for isolation of primary fibroblasts and myofibroblasts from both animal models and humans, and their characterization. Additionally, we have also provided details on possible molecular targets for better understanding of prognosis, diagnosis and treatment of chronic wounds. Information will help both researchers and clinicians in providing molecular insight that enable them for effective chronic wound management. The knowledge of intimate dialogue between the fibroblast, sub-populations like, myofibroblast and their microenvironment, will serve useful in determining novel, efficient and specific therapeutic targets to treat pathological wound conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Monika
- Department of Biotechnology, M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bangalore, India
| | | | | | - Annapoorni Rangarajan
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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15
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Dubon M, Lee S, Park JH, Lee JY, Kang D. The Role of Melanotransferrin (CD228) in the regulation of the differentiation of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hBM-MSC). Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:1580-1591. [PMID: 33746574 PMCID: PMC7976559 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.53650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanotransferrin (CD228), firstly reported as a melanoma-associated antigen, is a membrane-bound glycoprotein of an iron-binding transferrin homolog. CD228 was found to be expressed significantly higher in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSC) than in human embryonic fibroblasts (FB) by RT-PCR, western blotting and flow cytometry. The expression of CD228 declined in aged hBM-MSC as osteogenesis-related genes did. We examined a possible role for CD228 in the regulation of osteogenesis and adipogenesis of hBM-MSC. Surprisingly, siRNA-mediated CD228 knockdown increased the expression of the transcription factor DLX5 and enhanced osteogenesis of hBM-MSC evidenced by an increased expression of the runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osterix (Osx), and osteocalcin (OC), as well as higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and extracellular calcium deposition. Interestingly, hBM-MSC transfected with CD228 siRNA also showed an increase in intracellular lipid level during adipogenesis, indicated by oil red O staining of differentiated adipocytes. Overall, our study unveils CD228 as a cell surface molecule expressed by young hBM-MSC, but not by FB. It also provides evidence to suggest a role for CD228 as a negative regulator of osteogenesis and of lipid accumulation during adipogenesis in hBM-MSC in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Dubon
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 14066, Republic of Korea
| | - Sooho Lee
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 14066, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hong Park
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 14066, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongchul Kang
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 14066, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 24252, Republic of Korea
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16
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Cultured cardiac fibroblasts and myofibroblasts express Sushi Containing Domain 2 and assemble a unique fibronectin rich matrix. Exp Cell Res 2021; 399:112489. [PMID: 33453237 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblasts and myofibroblasts assemble and maintain extracellular matrix during normal development and following injury. Culture expansion of these cells yield a bioengineered matrix that could lead to intriguing therapeutic opportunities. For example, we reported that cultured rat cardiac fibroblasts form a matrix that can be used to delivery therapeutic stem cells. Furthermore, we reported that matrix derived from cultured human cardiac fibroblasts/myofibroblasts converted monocytes into macrophages that express interesting anti-inflammatory and pro-angiogenic properties. Expanding these matrix investigations require characterization of the source cells for quality control. In these efforts, we observed and herein report that Sushi Containing Domain 2 (SUSD2) is a novel and consistent marker for cultured human cardiac fibroblast and myofibroblasts.
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17
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Comparison of similar cells: Mesenchymal stromal cells and fibroblasts. Acta Histochem 2020; 122:151634. [PMID: 33059115 PMCID: PMC7550172 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2020.151634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Almost from all organs, both mesenchymal stromal cells and fibroblasts can be isolated. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are the most preferred cellular therapeutic agents with the regenerative potential, and fibroblasts are one of the most abundant cell types with the ability to maintain homeostasis. Because of the promising properties of MSCs, they have been well studied and their differentiation potentials, immunomodulatory potentials, gene expression profiles are identified. It has been observed that fibroblasts and mesenchymal stromal cells have similar morphology, gene expression patterns, surface markers, proliferation, differentiation, and immunomodulatory capacities. Thus, it is hard to distinguish these two cell types. Epigenetic signatures, i.e., methylation patterns of cells, are the only usable promising difference between them. Such significant similarities show that these two cells may be related to each other.
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18
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MARS: discovering novel cell types across heterogeneous single-cell experiments. Nat Methods 2020; 17:1200-1206. [DOI: 10.1038/s41592-020-00979-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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19
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Landi N, Ruocco MR, Ragucci S, Aliotta F, Nasso R, Pedone PV, Di Maro A. Quinoa as source of type 1 ribosome inactivating proteins: A novel knowledge for a revision of its consumption. Food Chem 2020; 342:128337. [PMID: 33077288 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates on the presence of toxic proteins in quinoa seeds. To this aim, a plethora of biochemical approaches were adopted for the purification and characterization of quinoin, a type 1 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) contained in quinoa seeds. We determined its melting temperature (68.2 ± 0.6 °C) and thermostability (loss of activity after 10-min incubation at 70 °C). Considering that quinoa seeds are used as a food, we found that quinoin is cytotoxic against BJ-5ta (human fibroblasts) and HaCaT (human keratinocytes) in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, in an in vitro digestive pepsin-trypsin treatment, 30% of quinoin is resistant to enzymatic cleavage. This toxin was found in seeds (0.23 mg/g of seeds) and in sprouted seeds obtained after 24-h (0.12 mg/g of sprout) and 48-h (0.09 mg/g of sprout). We suggest a thermal treatment of quinoa seeds before consumption in order to inactivate the toxin, particularly in sprouts, generally consumed raw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Landi
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Ruocco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sara Ragucci
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Federica Aliotta
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples 'Federico II', Via S. Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosarita Nasso
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellness, University of Naples 'Parthenope', Via F. Acton 38, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo V Pedone
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Antimo Di Maro
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (DiSTABiF), University of Campania 'Luigi Vanvitelli', Via Vivaldi 43, 81100 Caserta, Italy.
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20
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Krivanek J, Soldatov RA, Kastriti ME, Chontorotzea T, Herdina AN, Petersen J, Szarowska B, Landova M, Matejova VK, Holla LI, Kuchler U, Zdrilic IV, Vijaykumar A, Balic A, Marangoni P, Klein OD, Neves VCM, Yianni V, Sharpe PT, Harkany T, Metscher BD, Bajénoff M, Mina M, Fried K, Kharchenko PV, Adameyko I. Dental cell type atlas reveals stem and differentiated cell types in mouse and human teeth. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4816. [PMID: 32968047 PMCID: PMC7511944 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18512-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding cell types and mechanisms of dental growth is essential for reconstruction and engineering of teeth. Therefore, we investigated cellular composition of growing and non-growing mouse and human teeth. As a result, we report an unappreciated cellular complexity of the continuously-growing mouse incisor, which suggests a coherent model of cell dynamics enabling unarrested growth. This model relies on spatially-restricted stem, progenitor and differentiated populations in the epithelial and mesenchymal compartments underlying the coordinated expansion of two major branches of pulpal cells and diverse epithelial subtypes. Further comparisons of human and mouse teeth yield both parallelisms and differences in tissue heterogeneity and highlight the specifics behind growing and non-growing modes. Despite being similar at a coarse level, mouse and human teeth reveal molecular differences and species-specific cell subtypes suggesting possible evolutionary divergence. Overall, here we provide an atlas of human and mouse teeth with a focus on growth and differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Krivanek
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ruslan A Soldatov
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maria Eleni Kastriti
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tatiana Chontorotzea
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Nele Herdina
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Julian Petersen
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bara Szarowska
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marie Landova
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, CAS, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Kovar Matejova
- Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lydie Izakovicova Holla
- Clinic of Stomatology, Institution Shared with St. Anne's Faculty Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ulrike Kuchler
- Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Oral Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ivana Vidovic Zdrilic
- Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Anushree Vijaykumar
- Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Anamaria Balic
- Research Program in Developmental Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pauline Marangoni
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Ophir D Klein
- Program in Craniofacial Biology and Department of Orofacial Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Vitor C M Neves
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences. King's College London, London, UK
| | - Val Yianni
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences. King's College London, London, UK
| | - Paul T Sharpe
- Centre for Craniofacial and Regenerative Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial Sciences. King's College London, London, UK
| | - Tibor Harkany
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Brian D Metscher
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marc Bajénoff
- Centre d'Immunologie de Marseille-Luminy, Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, CNRS UMR, Marseille, France
| | - Mina Mina
- Department of Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Kaj Fried
- Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter V Kharchenko
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Igor Adameyko
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Neuroimmunology, Center for Brain Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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21
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Pan C, Liu P, Ma D, Zhang S, Ni M, Fang Q, Wang J. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in microenvironment transform into cancer-associated fibroblasts to promote the progression of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 130:110610. [PMID: 34321159 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow microenvironment is essential for leukemia cells to survive and escape the killing effect of chemotherapeutics. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the dominant stromal cells in tumor microenvironment (TME), but their role in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) remains unclear. Here, RT-PCR and Western blotting in bone marrow mononuclear cells revealed higher proportions of CAFs markers α-SMA and FAP in the newly diagnosed and relapsed B-ALL patients. In vitro experiments, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) acquired a CAFs phenotype after co-culture with leukemia cells, which produced high level of tumor-promoting growth factors and reduced the daunorubicin (DNR)-induced damage to B-ALL cells. As for its mechanism, CAFs activation was mediated by TGF-β up-regulation in the co-culture system, and TGF-β triggered MSCs conversion into CAFs relying on the SDF-1/CXCR4 pathway. Further LY2109761 and AMD3100 effectively decreased the activation of CAFs through inhibiting TGF-β receptor and CXCR4. Comparative experiments with MSCs and transformed CAFs prompted that CAFs had more obvious effect than MSCs on stimulating leukemia progression through accelerating leukemia cell migration and invasion. These results clarified the important role of CAFs in B-ALL progression and the possible mechanisms of CAFs activation in leukemia microenvironment, which might provide a theoretical basis for B-ALL patients to find more effective targeted therapies targeting the bone marrow microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyun Pan
- Department of Haematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China; Hematological Institute of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Department of Haematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China; Hematological Institute of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, China
| | - Dan Ma
- Department of Haematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China; Hematological Institute of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, China; Guizhou Province Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre and Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic and Treatment Centre, Guizhou, China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Ming Ni
- Department of Haematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China; Hematological Institute of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, China; Guizhou Province Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre and Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic and Treatment Centre, Guizhou, China
| | - Qin Fang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Jishi Wang
- Department of Haematology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guizhou, China; Hematological Institute of Guizhou Province, Guizhou, China; Guizhou Province Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Centre and Key Laboratory of Hematological Disease Diagnostic and Treatment Centre, Guizhou, China.
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22
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de Hoyos-Vega JM, Gonzalez-Suarez AM, Garcia-Cordero JL. A versatile microfluidic device for multiple ex vivo/in vitro tissue assays unrestrained from tissue topography. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2020; 6:40. [PMID: 34567653 PMCID: PMC8433291 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-020-0156-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Precision-cut tissue slices are an important in vitro system to study organ function because they preserve most of the native cellular microenvironments of organs, including complex intercellular connections. However, during sample manipulation or slicing, some of the natural surface topology and structure of these tissues is lost or damaged. Here, we introduce a microfluidic platform to perform multiple assays on the surface of a tissue section, unhindered by surface topography. The device consists of a valve on one side and eight open microchannels located on the opposite side, with the tissue section sandwiched between these two structures. When the valve is actuated, eight independent microfluidic channels are formed over a tissue section. This strategy prevents cross-contamination when performing assays and enables parallelization. Using irregular tissues such as an aorta, we conducted multiple in vitro and ex vivo assays on tissue sections, including short-term culturing, a drug toxicity assay, a fluorescence immunohistochemistry staining assay, and an immune cell assay, in which we observed the interaction of neutrophils with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated endothelium. Our microfluidic platform can be employed in other disciplines, such as tissue physiology and pathophysiology, morphogenesis, drug toxicity and efficiency, metabolism studies, and diagnostics, enabling the conduction of several assays with a single biopsy sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M. de Hoyos-Vega
- Unidad Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Via del conocimiento 201, Parque PIIT, Apodaca, NL 66628 Mexico
| | - Alan M. Gonzalez-Suarez
- Unidad Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Via del conocimiento 201, Parque PIIT, Apodaca, NL 66628 Mexico
| | - Jose L. Garcia-Cordero
- Unidad Monterrey, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Via del conocimiento 201, Parque PIIT, Apodaca, NL 66628 Mexico
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Stadiotti I, Piacentini L, Vavassori C, Chiesa M, Scopece A, Guarino A, Micheli B, Polvani G, Colombo GI, Pompilio G, Sommariva E. Human Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells From Right and Left Ventricles Display Differences in Number, Function, and Transcriptomic Profile. Front Physiol 2020; 11:604. [PMID: 32670081 PMCID: PMC7327120 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Left ventricle (LV) and right ventricle (RV) are characterized by well-known physiological differences, mainly related to their different embryological origin, hemodynamic environment, function, structure, and cellular composition. Nevertheless, scarce information is available about cellular peculiarities between left and right ventricular chambers in physiological and pathological contexts. Cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells (C-MSC) are key cells affecting many functions of the heart. Differential features that distinguish LV from RV C-MSC are still underappreciated. AIM To analyze the physiological differential amount, function, and transcriptome of human C-MSC in LV versus (vs.) RV. METHODS Human cardiac specimens of LV and RV from healthy donors were used for tissue analysis of C-MSC number, and for C-MSC isolation. Paired LV and RV C-MSC were compared as for surface marker expression, cell proliferation/death ratio, migration, differentiation capabilities, and transcriptome profile. RESULTS Histological analysis showed a greater percentage of C-MSC in RV vs. LV tissue. Moreover, a higher C-MSC amount was obtained from RV than from LV after isolation procedures. LV and RV C-MSC are characterized by a similar proportion of surface markers. Functional studies revealed comparable cell growth curves in cells from both ventricles. Conversely, LV C-MSC displayed a higher apoptosis rate and RV C-MSC were characterized by a higher migration speed and collagen deposition. Consistently, transcriptome analysis showed that genes related to apoptosis regulation or extracellular matrix organization and integrins were over-expressed in LV and RV, respectively. Besides, we revealed additional pathways specifically associated with LV or RV C-MSC, including energy metabolism, inflammatory response, cardiac conduction, and pluripotency. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results contribute to the functional characterization of RV and LV C-MSC in physiological conditions. This information suggests a possible differential role of the stromal compartment in chamber-specific pathologic scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Stadiotti
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Piacentini
- Unit of Immunology and Functional Genomics, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Vavassori
- Unit of Immunology and Functional Genomics, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Mattia Chiesa
- Unit of Immunology and Functional Genomics, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Scopece
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Guarino
- Cardiovascular Tissue Bank, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Barbara Micheli
- Cardiovascular Tissue Bank, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Polvani
- Cardiovascular Tissue Bank, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Giulio Pompilio
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Sommariva
- Unit of Vascular Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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24
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A framework for integrating directed and undirected annotations to build explanatory models of cis-eQTL data. PLoS Comput Biol 2020; 16:e1007770. [PMID: 32516306 PMCID: PMC7332077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A longstanding goal of regulatory genetics is to understand how variants in genome sequences lead to changes in gene expression. Here we present a method named Bayesian Annotation Guided eQTL Analysis (BAGEA), a variational Bayes framework to model cis-eQTLs using directed and undirected genomic annotations. We used BAGEA to integrate directed genomic annotations with eQTL summary statistics from tissues of various origins. This analysis revealed epigenetic marks that are relevant for gene expression in different tissues and cell types. We estimated the predictive power of the models that were fitted based on directed genomic annotations. This analysis showed that, depending on the underlying eQTL data used, the directed genomic annotations could predict up to 1.5% of the variance observed in the expression of genes with top nominal eQTL association p-values < 10−7. For genes with estimated effect sizes in the top 25% quantile, up to 5% of the expression variance could be predicted. Based on our results, we recommend the use of BAGEA for the analysis of cis-eQTL data to reveal annotations relevant to expression biology. Many geneticists wish to map changes in DNA sequences to changes in human traits and to understand these processes mechanistically. Here we present BAGEA, a framework to study this question for gene expression. Specifically, BAGEA models a genome variant’s impact on gene expression based on established genome annotations. BAGEA predicts not only whether a variant has an impact on gene expression, but also the sign of the effect. We applied BAGEA to datasets from different tissues and cell types and found that annotations most predictive of gene expression in a given tissue were typically derived from similar tissues. Based on our results, we recommend the use of BAGEA to reveal annotations relevant to expression biology and to build predictive models of gene expression.
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25
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Soliman H, Rossi FMV. Cardiac fibroblast diversity in health and disease. Matrix Biol 2020; 91-92:75-91. [PMID: 32446910 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The cardiac stroma plays essential roles in health and following cardiac damage. The major player of the stroma with respect to extracellular matrix deposition, maintenance and remodeling is the poorly defined fibroblast. It has long been recognized that there is considerable variability to the fibroblast phenotype. With the advent of new, high throughput analytical methods our understanding and appreciation of this heterogeneity has grown dramatically. This review aims to explore the diversity of cardiac fibroblasts and highlights new insights into the diverse nature of these cells and their progenitors as revealed by single cell sequencing and fate mapping studies. We propose that at least in part the observed heterogeneity is related to the existence of a differentiation cascade within stromal cells. Beyond in-organ heterogeneity, we also discuss how the stromal response to damage differs between non-regenerating organs such as the heart and regenerating organs such as skeletal muscle. In exploring possible causes for these differences, we outline that although fibrogenic cells from different organs overlap in many properties, they still possess organ-specific transcriptional signatures and differentiation biases that make them functionally distinct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Soliman
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T1Z3, Canada.
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26
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Sveiven SN, Nordgren TM. Lung-resident mesenchymal stromal cells are tissue-specific regulators of lung homeostasis. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 319:L197-L210. [PMID: 32401672 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00049.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Until recently, data supporting the tissue-resident status of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) has been ambiguous since their discovery in the 1950-60s. These progenitor cells were first discovered as bone marrow-derived adult multipotent cells and believed to migrate to sites of injury, opposing the notion that they are residents of all tissue types. In recent years, however, it has been demonstrated that MSC can be found in all tissues and MSC from different tissues represent distinct populations with differential protein expression unique to each tissue type. Importantly, these cells are efficient mediators of tissue repair, regeneration, and prove to be targets for therapeutics, demonstrated by clinical trials (phase 1-4) for MSC-derived therapies for diseases like graft-versus-host-disease, multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and Crohn's disease. The tissue-resident status of MSC found in the lung is a key feature of their importance in the context of disease and injuries of the respiratory system, since these cells could be instrumental to providing more specific and targeted therapies. Currently, bone marrow-derived MSC have been established in the treatment of disease, including diseases of the lung. However, with lung-resident MSC representing a unique population with a different phenotypic and gene expression pattern than MSC derived from other tissues, their role in remediating lung inflammation and injury could provide enhanced efficacy over bone marrow-derived MSC methods. Through this review, lung-resident MSC will be characterized, using previously published data, by surface markers, gene expression patterns, and compared with bone-marrow MSC to highlight similarities and, importantly, differences in these cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Noel Sveiven
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California
| | - Tara M Nordgren
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California
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27
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Schreier S, Triampo W. The Blood Circulating Rare Cell Population. What is it and What is it Good For? Cells 2020; 9:cells9040790. [PMID: 32218149 PMCID: PMC7226460 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood contains a diverse cell population of low concentration hematopoietic as well as non-hematopoietic cells. The majority of such rare cells may be bone marrow-derived progenitor and stem cells. This paucity of circulating rare cells, in particular in the peripheral circulation, has led many to believe that bone marrow as well as other organ-related cell egress into the circulation is a response to pathological conditions. Little is known about this, though an increasing body of literature can be found suggesting commonness of certain rare cell types in the peripheral blood under physiological conditions. Thus, the isolation and detection of circulating rare cells appears to be merely a technological problem. Knowledge about rare cell types that may circulate the blood stream will help to advance the field of cell-based liquid biopsy by supporting inter-platform comparability, making use of biological correct cutoffs and “mining” new biomarkers and combinations thereof in clinical diagnosis and therapy. Therefore, this review intends to lay ground for a comprehensive analysis of the peripheral blood rare cell population given the necessity to target a broader range of cell types for improved biomarker performance in cell-based liquid biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schreier
- School of Bioinnovation and Bio-based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
- Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, 328 Si Ayutthaya Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Wannapong Triampo
- Thailand Center of Excellence in Physics, Ministry of Higher Education, Science, Research and Innovation, 328 Si Ayutthaya Road, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Correspondence:
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28
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Soliman H, Paylor B, Scott RW, Lemos DR, Chang C, Arostegui M, Low M, Lee C, Fiore D, Braghetta P, Pospichalova V, Barkauskas CE, Korinek V, Rampazzo A, MacLeod K, Underhill TM, Rossi FMV. Pathogenic Potential of Hic1-Expressing Cardiac Stromal Progenitors. Cell Stem Cell 2020; 26:205-220.e8. [PMID: 31978365 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The cardiac stroma contains multipotent mesenchymal progenitors. However, lineage relationships within cardiac stromal cells are poorly defined. Here, we identified heart-resident PDGFRa+ SCA-1+ cells as cardiac fibro/adipogenic progenitors (cFAPs) and show that they respond to ischemic damage by generating fibrogenic cells. Pharmacological blockade of this differentiation step with an anti-fibrotic tyrosine kinase inhibitor decreases post-myocardial infarction (post-MI) remodeling and leads to improvement in cardiac function. In the undamaged heart, activation of cFAPs through lineage-specific deletion of the gene encoding the quiescence-associated factor HIC1 reveals additional pathogenic potential, causing fibrofatty infiltration within the myocardium and driving major pathological features pathognomonic in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC). In this regard, cFAPs contribute to multiple pathogenic cell types within cardiac tissue and therapeutic strategies aimed at modifying their activity are expected to have tremendous benefit for the treatment of diverse cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Soliman
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Ben Paylor
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - R Wilder Scott
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | | | - ChihKai Chang
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Martin Arostegui
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Marcela Low
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Christina Lee
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Daniela Fiore
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology, Sapienza, University of Rome, Viale Regina Elana 324, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Braghetta
- Department of Biology, School of Science, University of Padova, Via 8 Febbraio 2, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Vendula Pospichalova
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Christina E Barkauskas
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Vladimir Korinek
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Institute of Molecular Genetics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Alessandra Rampazzo
- Department of Biology, School of Science, University of Padova, Via 8 Febbraio 2, 35122 Padova, Italy
| | - Kathleen MacLeod
- Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology Research Group, University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - T Michael Underhill
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Fabio M V Rossi
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of British Columbia, 2222 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
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29
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Expansion processes for cell-based therapies. Biotechnol Adv 2019; 37:107455. [PMID: 31629791 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Living cells are emerging as therapeutic entities for the treatment of patients affected with severe and chronic diseases where no conventional drug can provide a definitive cure. At the same time, the promise of cell-based therapies comes with several biological, regulatory, economic, logistical, safety and engineering challenges that need to be addressed before translating into clinical practice. Among the complex operations required for their manufacturing, cell expansion occupies a significant part of the entire process and largely determines the number, the phenotype and several other critical quality attributes of the final cell therapy products (CTPs). This review aims at characterizing the main culture systems and expansion processes used for CTP production, highlighting the need to implement scalable, cost-efficient technologies together with process optimization strategies to bridge the gap between basic scientific research and commercially available therapies.
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30
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Pasanisi E, Ciavarella C, Valente S, Ricci F, Pasquinelli G. Differentiation and plasticity of human vascular wall mesenchymal stem cells, dermal fibroblasts and myofibroblasts: a critical comparison including ultrastructural evaluation of osteogenic potential. Ultrastruct Pathol 2019; 43:261-272. [DOI: 10.1080/01913123.2019.1673863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Pasanisi
- Clinical Pathology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, University Hospital, S. Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmen Ciavarella
- Clinical Pathology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, University Hospital, S. Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sabrina Valente
- Clinical Pathology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, University Hospital, S. Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesca Ricci
- Immunohaematology and Transfusion Medicine Service, University Hospital, S. Orsola, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianandrea Pasquinelli
- Clinical Pathology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, DIMES, University of Bologna, University Hospital, S. Orsola, Bologna, Italy
- National Institute for Cardiovascular Research (INRC), University of Bologna, Italy
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), Rome, Italy
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31
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Forte E, Furtado MB, Rosenthal N. The interstitium in cardiac repair: role of the immune-stromal cell interplay. Nat Rev Cardiol 2019; 15:601-616. [PMID: 30181596 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-018-0077-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac regeneration, that is, restoration of the original structure and function in a damaged heart, differs from tissue repair, in which collagen deposition and scar formation often lead to functional impairment. In both scenarios, the early-onset inflammatory response is essential to clear damaged cardiac cells and initiate organ repair, but the quality and extent of the immune response vary. Immune cells embedded in the damaged heart tissue sense and modulate inflammation through a dynamic interplay with stromal cells in the cardiac interstitium, which either leads to recapitulation of cardiac morphology by rebuilding functional scaffolds to support muscle regrowth in regenerative organisms or fails to resolve the inflammatory response and produces fibrotic scar tissue in adult mammals. Current investigation into the mechanistic basis of homeostasis and restoration of cardiac function has increasingly shifted focus away from stem cell-mediated cardiac repair towards a dynamic interplay of cells composing the less-studied interstitial compartment of the heart, offering unexpected insights into the immunoregulatory functions of cardiac interstitial components and the complex network of cell interactions that must be considered for clinical intervention in heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nadia Rosenthal
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA. .,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine, London, UK.
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32
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Sluijter JPG, Davidson SM, Boulanger CM, Buzás EI, de Kleijn DPV, Engel FB, Giricz Z, Hausenloy DJ, Kishore R, Lecour S, Leor J, Madonna R, Perrino C, Prunier F, Sahoo S, Schiffelers RM, Schulz R, Van Laake LW, Ytrehus K, Ferdinandy P. Extracellular vesicles in diagnostics and therapy of the ischaemic heart: Position Paper from the Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart of the European Society of Cardiology. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:19-34. [PMID: 29106545 PMCID: PMC5852624 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvx211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 248] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs)—particularly exosomes and microvesicles (MVs)—are attracting considerable interest in the cardiovascular field as the wide range of their functions is recognized. These capabilities include transporting regulatory molecules including different RNA species, lipids, and proteins through the extracellular space including blood and delivering these cargos to recipient cells to modify cellular activity. EVs powerfully stimulate angiogenesis, and can protect the heart against myocardial infarction. They also appear to mediate some of the paracrine effects of cells, and have therefore been proposed as a potential alternative to cell-based regenerative therapies. Moreover, EVs of different sources may be useful biomarkers of cardiovascular disease identities. However, the methods used for the detection and isolation of EVs have several limitations and vary widely between studies, leading to uncertainties regarding the exact population of EVs studied and how to interpret the data. The number of publications in the exosome and MV field has been increasing exponentially in recent years and, therefore, in this ESC Working Group Position Paper, the overall objective is to provide a set of recommendations for the analysis and translational application of EVs focussing on the diagnosis and therapy of the ischaemic heart. This should help to ensure that the data from emerging studies are robust and repeatable, and optimize the pathway towards the diagnostic and therapeutic use of EVs in clinical studies for patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost Petrus Gerardus Sluijter
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, 3508GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Edit Iren Buzás
- Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,MTA-SE Immunoproteogenomics Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dominique Paschalis Victor de Kleijn
- Department of Vascular Surgery, UMC Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.,Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Felix Benedikt Engel
- Experimental Renal and Cardiovascular Research, Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Zoltán Giricz
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857.,National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre Singapore, 5 Hospital Drive, Singapore 169609.,Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228.,The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK.,The National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre, Research & Development, Maple House 1st floor, 149 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 7DN, UK.,Department of Cardiology, Barts Heart Centre, St Bartholomew's Hospital, W Smithfield, London EC1A 7BE, UK
| | - Raj Kishore
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa and Lionel Opie Preclinical Imaging Core Facility, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jonathan Leor
- Neufeld Cardiac Research Institute, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Hashomer, Israel; Tamman Cardiovascular Research Institute, Heart Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Center of Aging Science and Regenerative Medicine, CESI-Met and Institute of Cardiology, "G. D'Annunzio" University, Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical School in Houston, TX, USA.,Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cinzia Perrino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrice Prunier
- Institut Mitovasc, CHU d'Angers, Université d'Angers, Angers, France
| | - Susmita Sahoo
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ray Michel Schiffelers
- Laboratory Clinical Chemistry and Hematology Division, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Aulweg 129, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Linda Wilhelmina Van Laake
- Division Heart and Lungs, and Hubrecht Institute, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kirsti Ytrehus
- Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Medical Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, Budapest 1089, Hungary and.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
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Directional Topography Influences Adipose Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Plasticity: Prospects for Tissue Engineering and Fibrosis. Stem Cells Int 2019; 2019:5387850. [PMID: 31191675 PMCID: PMC6525798 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5387850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Progenitor cells cultured on biomaterials with optimal physical-topographical properties respond with alignment and differentiation. Stromal cells from connective tissue can adversely differentiate to profibrotic myofibroblasts or favorably to smooth muscle cells (SMC). We hypothesized that myogenic differentiation of adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASC) depends on gradient directional topographic features. Methods Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) samples with nanometer and micrometer directional topography gradients (wavelength (w) = 464-10, 990 nm; amplitude (a) = 49-3, 425 nm) were fabricated. ASC were cultured on patterned PDMS and stimulated with TGF-β1 to induce myogenic differentiation. Cellular alignment and adhesion were assessed by immunofluorescence microscopy after 24 h. After seven days, myogenic differentiation was examined by immunofluorescence microscopy, gene expression, and immunoblotting. Results Cell alignment occurred on topographies larger than w = 1758 nm/a = 630 nm. The number and total area of focal adhesions per cell were reduced on topographies from w = 562 nm/a = 96 nm to w = 3919 nm/a = 1430 nm. Focal adhesion alignment was increased on topographies larger than w = 731 nm/a = 146 nm. Less myogenic differentiation of ASC occurred on topographies smaller than w = 784 nm/a = 209 nm. Conclusion ASC adherence, alignment, and differentiation are directed by topographical cues. Our evidence highlights a minimal topographic environment required to facilitate the development of aligned and differentiated cell layers from ASC. These data suggest that nanotopography may be a novel tool for inhibiting fibrosis.
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34
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Sacco AM, Belviso I, Romano V, Carfora A, Schonauer F, Nurzynska D, Montagnani S, Di Meglio F, Castaldo C. Diversity of dermal fibroblasts as major determinant of variability in cell reprogramming. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:4256-4268. [PMID: 30980516 PMCID: PMC6533477 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are adult somatic cells genetically reprogrammed to an embryonic stem cell-like state. Notwithstanding their autologous origin and their potential to differentiate towards cells of all three germ layers, iPSC reprogramming is still affected by low efficiency. As dermal fibroblast is the most used human cell for reprogramming, we hypothesize that the variability in reprogramming is, at least partially, because of the skin fibroblasts used. Human dermal fibroblasts harvested from five different anatomical sites (neck, breast, arm, abdomen and thigh) were cultured and their morphology, proliferation, apoptotic rate, ability to migrate, expression of mesenchymal or epithelial markers, differentiation potential and production of growth factors were evaluated in vitro. Additionally, gene expression analysis was performed by real-time PCR including genes typically expressed by mesenchymal cells. Finally, fibroblasts isolated from different anatomic sites were reprogrammed to iPSCs by integration-free method. Intriguingly, while the morphology of fibroblasts derived from different anatomic sites differed only slightly, other features, known to affect cell reprogramming, varied greatly and in accordance with anatomic site of origin. Accordingly, difference also emerged in fibroblasts readiness to respond to reprogramming and ability to form colonies. Therefore, as fibroblasts derived from different anatomic sites preserve positional memory, it is of great importance to accurately evaluate and select dermal fibroblast population prior to induce reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Sacco
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Immacolata Belviso
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Romano
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonia Carfora
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Schonauer
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Daria Nurzynska
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefania Montagnani
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Franca Di Meglio
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Clotilde Castaldo
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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A comparative in vitro study of the osteogenic and adipogenic potential of human dental pulp stem cells, gingival fibroblasts and foreskin fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1761. [PMID: 30741963 PMCID: PMC6370862 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-37981-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human teeth contain a variety of mesenchymal stem cell populations that could be used for cell-based regenerative therapies. However, the isolation and potential use of these cells in the clinics require the extraction of functional teeth, a process that may represent a significant barrier to such treatments. Fibroblasts are highly accessible and might represent a viable alternative to dental stem cells. We thus investigated and compared the in vitro differentiation potential of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs), gingival fibroblasts (hGFs) and foreskin fibroblasts (hFFs). These cell populations were cultured in osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation media, followed by Alizarin Red S and Oil Red O staining to visualize cytodifferentiation. Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to assess the expression of markers specific for stem cells (NANOG, OCT-4), osteogenic (RUNX2, ALP, SP7/OSX) and adipogenic (PPAR-γ2, LPL) differentiation. While fibroblasts are more prone towards adipogenic differentiation, hDPSCs exhibit a higher osteogenic potential. These results indicate that although fibroblasts possess a certain mineralization capability, hDPSCs represent the most appropriate cell population for regenerative purposes involving bone and dental tissues.
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Chromatin accessibility landscape of articular knee cartilage reveals aberrant enhancer regulation in osteoarthritis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:15499. [PMID: 30341348 PMCID: PMC6195601 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-33779-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disorder with increasing impact in an aging society. While genetic and transcriptomic analyses have revealed some genes and non-coding loci associated to OA, the pathogenesis remains incompletely understood. Chromatin profiling, which provides insight into gene regulation, has not been reported in OA mainly due to technical difficulties. Here, we employed Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with high throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq) to map the accessible chromatin landscape in articular knee cartilage of OA patients. We identified 109,215 accessible chromatin regions for cartilages, of which 71% were annotated as enhancers. By overlaying them with genetic and DNA methylation data, we have determined potential OA-relevant enhancers and their putative target genes. Furthermore, through integration with RNA-seq data, we characterized genes that are altered both at epigenomic and transcriptomic levels in OA. These genes are enriched in pathways regulating ossification and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) differentiation. Consistently, the differentially accessible regions in OA are enriched for MSC-specific enhancers and motifs of transcription factor families involved in osteoblast differentiation. In conclusion, we demonstrate how direct chromatin profiling of clinical tissues can provide comprehensive epigenetic information for a disease and suggest candidate genes and enhancers of translational potential.
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Lin X, Tan JYL, Teh AL, Lim IY, Liew SJ, MacIsaac JL, Chong YS, Gluckman PD, Kobor MS, Cheong CY, Karnani N. Cell type-specific DNA methylation in neonatal cord tissue and cord blood: a 850K-reference panel and comparison of cell types. Epigenetics 2018; 13:941-958. [PMID: 30232931 PMCID: PMC6284779 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2018.1522929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Accounting for cellular heterogeneity is essential in neonatal epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) performed on heterogeneous tissues, such as umbilical cord tissue (CT) or cord blood (CB). Using a reference-panel-based statistical approach, the cell type composition of heterogeneous tissues can be estimated by comparison of whole tissue DNA methylation profiles with cell type-specific DNA methylation signatures. Currently, there is no adequate DNA methylation reference panel for CT, and existing CB panels have been generated on lower coverage Infinium HumanMethylation450 arrays. In this study, we generate a reference panel for CT and improve available CB panels by using the higher coverage Infinium MethylationEPIC arrays. We performed DNA methylation profiling of 9 cell types isolated from CT and CB samples from 14 neonates. In addition to these cell types, we profiled DNA methylation of unfractionated CT and CB. Cell type composition of these unfractionated tissue samples, as estimated by our reference panels, was in agreement with that obtained by flow cytometry. Expectedly, DNA methylation profiles from CT and CB were distinct, reflecting their mesenchymal and hematopoietic stem cell origins. Variable CpGs from both unfractionated CT and its isolated cell types were more likely to be located in open seas and intronic regions than those in CB. Cell type specific CpGs in CT were enriched in intercellular matrix pathways, while those from CB were enriched in immune-related pathways. This study provides an open source reference panel for estimation and adjustment of cellular heterogeneity in CT and CB, and broadens the scope of tissue utilization assessed in future neonatal EWAS studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Lin
- a Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences , A*STAR , Singapore.,b Duke-NUS Medical School , Singapore
| | - Jane Yi Lin Tan
- a Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences , A*STAR , Singapore
| | - Ai Ling Teh
- a Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences , A*STAR , Singapore
| | - Ives Yubin Lim
- a Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences , A*STAR , Singapore
| | - Samantha J Liew
- a Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences , A*STAR , Singapore
| | - Julia L MacIsaac
- c Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- a Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences , A*STAR , Singapore.,d Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine , National University of Singapore , Singapore
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- a Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences , A*STAR , Singapore.,e Centre for Human Evolution, Adaptation and Disease, Liggins Institute , University of Auckland , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Michael S Kobor
- c Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Child and Family Research Institute, Department of Medical Genetics , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | | | - Neerja Karnani
- a Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences , A*STAR , Singapore.,f Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine , National University of Singapore , Singapore
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Bagheri-Mohammadi S, Karimian M, Alani B, Verdi J, Tehrani RM, Noureddini M. Stem cell-based therapy for Parkinson's disease with a focus on human endometrium-derived mesenchymal stem cells. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1326-1335. [PMID: 30146713 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) as an increasing clinical syndrome is a multifunctional impairment with systemic involvement. At present, therapeutic approaches such as l-3,4-dihydroxy-phenylalanine replacement therapy, dopaminergic agonist administration, and neurosurgical treatment intend to relieve PD symptoms which are palliative and incompetent in counteracting PD progression. These mentioned therapies have not been able to replace the lost cells and they could not effectively slow down the relentless neurodegenerative process. Till now, there is a lack of eligible treatment for PD, and stem cells therapy recently has been considered for PD treatment. In this review, we demonstrate how human stem cell technology especially human endometrium-derived stem cells have made advancement as a therapeutic source for PD compared with other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeid Bagheri-Mohammadi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Physiology Research Centre, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Karimian
- Anatomical Sciences Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Behrang Alani
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Javad Verdi
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Rana Moradian Tehrani
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Noureddini
- Physiology Research Centre, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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Langrzyk A, Nowak WN, Stępniewski J, Jaźwa A, Florczyk-Soluch U, Józkowicz A, Dulak J. Critical View on Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in Regenerative Medicine. Antioxid Redox Signal 2018; 29:169-190. [PMID: 28874054 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The belief in the potency of stem cells has resulted in the medical applications of numerous cell types for organ repair, often with the low adherence to methodological stringency. Such uncritical enthusiasm is mainly presented in the approaches employing so-called mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), for the treatment of numerous, unrelated conditions. However, it should be stressed that such broad clinical applications of MSC are mostly based on the belief that MSC can efficiently differentiate into multiple cell types, not only osteoblasts, chondrocytes and adipose cells. Recent Advances: Studies employing lineage tracing established more promising markers to characterize MSC identity and localization in vivo and confirmed the differences between MSC isolated from various organs. Furthermore, preclinical and clinical experiments proved that transdifferentiation of MSC is unlikely to contribute to repair of numerous tissues, including the heart. Therefore, the salvage hypotheses, like MSC fusion with cells in target organs or the paracrine mechanisms, were proposed to justify the widespread application of MSC and to explain transient, if any, effects. CRITICAL ISSUES The lack of standardization concerning the cells markers, their origin and particularly the absence of stringent functional characterization of MSC, leads to propagation of the worrying hype despite the lack of convincing therapeutic efficiency of MSC. FUTURE DIRECTIONS The adherence to rigorous methodological rules is necessary to prevent the application of procedures which can be dangerous for patients and scientific research on the medical application of stem cells. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 00, 000-000.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Witold N Nowak
- 2 Cardiovascular Division, King's College London , London, United Kingdom .,3 Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University , Kraków, Poland
| | - Jacek Stępniewski
- 3 Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University , Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Jaźwa
- 3 Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University , Kraków, Poland
| | - Urszula Florczyk-Soluch
- 3 Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University , Kraków, Poland
| | - Alicja Józkowicz
- 3 Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University , Kraków, Poland
| | - Józef Dulak
- 1 Kardio-Med Silesia , Zabrze, Poland .,3 Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University , Kraków, Poland
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Soundararajan M, Kannan S. Fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells: Two sides of the same coin? J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9099-9109. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Suresh Kannan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences Sri Ramachandra University Chennai Tamil Nadu India
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Abstract
Bone nonunion is a pathological condition in which all bone healing processes have stopped, resulting in abnormal mobility between 2 bone segments. The incidence of bone-related injuries will increase in an aging population, leading to such injuries reaching epidemic proportions. Tissue engineering and cell therapy using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have raised the possibility of implanting living tissue for bone reconstruction. Bone marrow was first proposed as the source of stem cells for bone regeneration. However, as the quantity of MSCs in the bone marrow decreases, the capacity of osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells is also impaired by the donor's age in terms of reduced MSC replicative capacity; an increased number of apoptotic cells; formation of colonies positive for alkaline phosphatase; and decreases in the availability, growth potential, and temporal mobilization of MSCs for bone formation in case of fracture. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) demonstrate several advantages over those from bone marrow, including a less invasive harvesting procedure, a higher number of stem cell progenitors from an equivalent amount of tissue harvested, increased proliferation and differentiation capacities, and better angiogenic and osteogenic properties in vivo. Subcutaneous native adipose tissue was not affected by the donor's age in terms of cellular senescence and yield of ASC isolation. In addition, a constant mRNA level of osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase with a similar level of matrix mineralization of ASCs remained unaffected by donor age after osteogenic differentiation. The secretome of ASCs was also unaffected by age when aiming to promote angiogenesis by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) release in hypoxic conditions. Therefore, the use of adipose cells for bone tissue engineering is not limited by the donor's age from the isolation of stem cells up to the manufacturing of a complex osteogenic graft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Dufrane
- 1 Novadip Biosciences, Mont-Saint-Guibert, Belgium.,2 Theracell Consulting, Lasne, Belgium
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42
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Low-affinity Nerve Growth Factor Receptor (CD271) Heterogeneous Expression in Adult and Fetal Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9321. [PMID: 29915318 PMCID: PMC6006357 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27587-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) are isolated from a plethora of tissue sources for cell therapy purposes. In 2006, the International Society for Cellular Therapy (ISCT) published minimal guidelines to define MSC identity. Nevertheless, many independent studies demonstrated that cells meeting the ISCT criteria possessed heterogeneous phenotypes and functionalities, heavily influenced by culture conditions. In this study, human MSC derived from many adult (bone marrow and adipose tissue) or fetal (cord blood, Wharton's jelly, umbilical cord perivascular compartment and amniotic fluid) tissues were investigated. Their immunophenotype was analyzed to define consistent source-specific markers by extensive flow cytometry analysis and real-time qRT-PCR. CD271+ subpopulations were detected in adult MSC, whereas NG2 was significantly more expressed in fetal MSC but failed validation on independent samples coming from an external laboratory. The highest number of CD271+ adult MSC were detected soon after isolation in serum-based culture conditions. Furthermore, heterogeneous percentages of CD271 expression were found in platelet lysate-based or serum-free culture conditions. Finally, CD271+ adult MSC showed high clonogenic and osteogenic properties as compared to CD271- cells. To conclude, in this phenotype-function correlation study CD271+ subpopulation confers heterogeneity on adult MSC, confirming the need of more specific markers to address MSC properties.
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LeBleu VS, Kalluri R. A peek into cancer-associated fibroblasts: origins, functions and translational impact. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:11/4/dmm029447. [PMID: 29686035 PMCID: PMC5963854 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.029447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 344] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In malignant tumors, cancer cells adapt to grow within their host tissue. As a cancer progresses, an accompanying host stromal response evolves within and around the nascent tumor. Among the host stromal constituents associated with the tumor are cancer-associated fibroblasts, a highly abundant and heterogeneous population of cells of mesenchymal lineage. Although it is known that fibroblasts are present from the tumor's inception to the end-stage metastatic spread, their precise functional role in cancer is not fully understood. It has been suggested that cancer-associated fibroblasts play a key role in modulating the behavior of cancer cells, in part by promoting tumor growth, but evolving data also argue for their antitumor actions. Taken together, this suggests a putative bimodal function for cancer-associated fibroblasts in oncogenesis. As illustrated in this Review and its accompanying poster, cancer-associated fibroblasts are a dynamic component of the tumor microenvironment that orchestrates the interplay between the cancer cells and the host stromal response. Understanding the complexity of the relationship between cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts could offer insights into the regulation of tumor progression and control of cancer. Summary: Cancer-associated fibroblasts constitute a functionally heterogeneous mesenchymal cell population in the tumor microenvironment. This ‘At a glance’ article reviews their origin and their pro- and antitumor properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerie S LeBleu
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77005, USA
| | - Raghu Kalluri
- Department of Cancer Biology, Metastasis Research Center, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77005, USA
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Davidson SM, Yellon DM. Exosomes and cardioprotection - A critical analysis. Mol Aspects Med 2018; 60:104-114. [PMID: 29122678 PMCID: PMC5861305 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are nano-sized vesicles released by numerous cell types that appear to have diverse beneficial effects on the injured heart. Studies using exosomes from stem cells or from the blood have indicated that they are able to protect the heart both in models of acute ischaemia and reperfusion, and during chronic ischaemia. In addition to decreasing initial infarct size, they are able to stimulate angiogenesis, reduce fibrosis and remodelling, alter immune cell function and improve long-term cardiac contractile function. However, since the technology and techniques used for the study of exosomes is relatively immature and continually evolving, there remain many important caveats to the interpretation of studies. This review presents a critical analysis of the field of exosomes and cardioprotection. We analyse the effects of exosomes from all types of stem cells investigated to date, summarize the major effects observed and their potential mechanism, and offer our perspective on the major outstanding issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, WC1E 6HX London, United Kingdom.
| | - Derek M Yellon
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, WC1E 6HX London, United Kingdom.
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Warren LA, Shih A, Renteira SM, Seckin T, Blau B, Simpfendorfer K, Lee A, Metz CN, Gregersen PK. Analysis of menstrual effluent: diagnostic potential for endometriosis. Mol Med 2018; 24:1. [PMID: 30134794 PMCID: PMC6016873 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-018-0009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endometriosis is a chronic and underdiagnosed disease which affects 5-10% of women of childbearing age and is characterized by growth of endometrial tissue outside of the uterus, most often in the peritoneal cavity. Delay in diagnosis is a major problem for management of this disorder, and treatment is often not initiated until the disease has progressed for many years. Although the exact etiology of endometriosis remains unknown, retrograde menstruation is recognized as a common underlying factor leading to the deposit of menstrual effluent (ME) into the peritoneal cavity. Differences in the cellular biology and genetics of the cells within ME are therefore likely to explain why endometriosis develops in only a subset of women. METHODS Patients with and without endometriosis were consented to provide ME. ME was analyzed by flow cytometry for CD45- and CD45+ cell populations or used to isolate stromal fibroblast cells. ME-derived stromal fibroblast cells were assessed using decidualization assays following the addition of cAMP and IGFBP-1 concentrations in the culture supernatants were measured by ELISA. In addition, RNA was collected and analyzed by RNA-Seq and qPCR for markers of decidualization and to identify differentially expressed genes in ME-derived stromal fibroblast cells obtained from controls and subjects with endometriosis (±cAMP). RESULTS Flow cytometry analysis of cell subsets within the CD45+ fraction of ME revealed a significant decrease in the number of uterine NK cells in endometriosis patients compared with controls (p < 0.01). No other significant differences within either the CD45+ or CD45- cell populations were observed. Most strikingly, ME-derived stromal fibroblast cells cultured from endometriosis subjects showed impaired decidualization potential compared with controls. Highly significant differences in decidualization response were detected by measuring IGFBP-1 production at multiple time points after cAMP stimulation (p = 0.0025 at 6 h; p = 0.0045 at 24 h; p = 0.0125 at 48 h). RNA-Seq and qPCR analyses were used to identify genes differentially expressed by ME-derived stromal fibroblast cells obtained from endometriosis and control subjects. CONCLUSIONS Menstrual effluent can be useful for investigating the pathobiology of endometriosis and for developing a non-invasive diagnostic for endometriosis which may lead to earlier and more effective treatments for this common disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Warren
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
| | - Andrew Shih
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, 11030, USA
| | - Susana Marquez Renteira
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, 11030, USA
| | - Tamer Seckin
- Seckin Endometriosis Center, 872 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Brandon Blau
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, 11030, USA
| | - Kim Simpfendorfer
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, 11030, USA
| | - Annette Lee
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, 11030, USA
| | - Christine N Metz
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA
- Robert S. Boas Center for Genomics and Human Genetics, The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, 350 Community Drive, Manhasset, New York, 11030, USA
| | - Peter K Gregersen
- The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, 500 Hofstra Blvd, Hempstead, NY, 11549, USA.
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Wang M, Yang F, Qiu R, Zhu M, Zhang H, Xu W, Shen B, Zhu W. The role of mmu-miR-155-5p-NF-κB signaling in the education of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells by gastric cancer cells. Cancer Med 2018; 7:856-868. [PMID: 29441735 PMCID: PMC5852371 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are important precursors of tumor stromal cells. Previously, we have demonstrated that miR-155-5p inhibition directly induced transition of BM-MSCs into gastric cancer-associated MSCs. Whether miR-155-5p is involved in the education of BM-MSCs by gastric cancer cells has not been established. Murine BM-MSCs (mMSCs) were isolated and grown in conditioned medium derived from gastric cancer cell line MFC (MFC-CM). The tumor-promoting phenotype and function of mMSCs were detected by immunofluorescence staining, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), cell colony formation assay, transwell migration, and invasion assays. Luciferase reporter assays and western blot analyses were conducted to reveal the relationship between nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) p65 and mmu-miR-155-5p. miRNA mimics, inhibitor, and the NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid (PDTC) were used to evaluate the role of miR-155-5p-NF-κB signaling in the education of mMSCs by MFC-CM. We successfully established the education model of mMSCs by MFC-CM and found that mmu-miR-155-5p expression levels were reduced in mMSCs. Mimicking this deregulation by transfecting miRNA inhibitor into mMSCs produced a similar effect as that of MFC-CM on mMSCs. NF-κB p65 was validated as a target of mmu-miR-155-5p, which also negatively regulated NF-κB activation. Inhibition of NF-κB activation by PDTC abolished the effect of the miRNA inhibitor on mMSCs. mmu-miR-155-5p overexpression partially blocked the effect of MFC-CM in educating mMSCs, while PDTC treatment completely eliminated MFC-CM activity. These results indicate that miR-155-5p is not the sole miRNA mediating the education of BM-MSCs by gastric cancer cells, but downstream NF-κB signaling is indispensable for this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu ProvinceSchool of MedicineJiangsu University301 Xuefu RoadZhenjiangJiangsuChina
| | - Fang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu ProvinceSchool of MedicineJiangsu University301 Xuefu RoadZhenjiangJiangsuChina
| | - Rong Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu ProvinceSchool of MedicineJiangsu University301 Xuefu RoadZhenjiangJiangsuChina
| | - Mengchu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu ProvinceSchool of MedicineJiangsu University301 Xuefu RoadZhenjiangJiangsuChina
- Department of Laboratory DiagnosticsHebei Medical University361 Zhongshan RoadShijiazhuangHebeiChina
| | - Huiling Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu ProvinceSchool of MedicineJiangsu University301 Xuefu RoadZhenjiangJiangsuChina
| | - Wenrong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu ProvinceSchool of MedicineJiangsu University301 Xuefu RoadZhenjiangJiangsuChina
| | - Bo Shen
- Department of OncologyJiangsu Cancer HospitalAffiliated to Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Wei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu ProvinceSchool of MedicineJiangsu University301 Xuefu RoadZhenjiangJiangsuChina
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Sun Z, Li F, Zhou X, Chung KF, Wang W, Wang J. Stem cell therapies for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: current status of pre-clinical studies and clinical trials. J Thorac Dis 2018; 10:1084-1098. [PMID: 29607186 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2018.01.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a respiratory disease that has a major impact worldwide. The currently-available drugs mainly focus on relieving the symptoms of COPD patients. Novel regenerative therapeutic approaches have been investigated with the aim of repairing or replacing the injured functional structures of the respiratory system. We summarized the progress made by regenerative therapies for COPD by analyzing results from both pre-clinical studies and completed clinical trials. These approaches include the application of exogenous stem cells or small molecules to stimulate the regeneration by endogenous lung stem/progenitor cells. Exogenous mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been reported to repair the structure and improve the function of the injured respiratory system in COPD models. However, the studies that used MSCs in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD patients did not lead to clear respiratory functional improvements. Exogenous human lung stem cells applied to cryo-injured (CI) lungs of mice have been shown to organize into human-like pulmonary structures, indicating a new property of stem cells that is potentially capable of curing COPD patients. Small molecules like retinoic acid has been shown to lead to regeneration and repair of the damaged lung structures in COPD mouse models probably by activation of endogenous lung stem/progenitor cells. However, retinoic acid or agonists of retinoic acid receptor administered to moderate or severe COPD patients did not improve the density and function of the damaged lung. These novel regenerative approaches have failed in preliminary clinical trials, possibly due to the advanced severity of the disease. Further work should be done to develop the current regenerative approaches for curing patients at different stages of COPD. We suggest that some modifications of the approach in the clinical studies may lead to more successful outcomes of regenerative therapy for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Sun
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, Shanghai 200233, China.,Cellular Biomedicine Group, Cupertino, CA, USA
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Wen Wang
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, Shanghai 200233, China.,Cellular Biomedicine Group, Cupertino, CA, USA
| | - Jialun Wang
- Cellular Biomedicine Group, Shanghai 200233, China.,Cellular Biomedicine Group, Cupertino, CA, USA
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48
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Qadan MA, Piuzzi NS, Boehm C, Bova W, Moos M, Midura RJ, Hascall VC, Malcuit C, Muschler GF. Variation in primary and culture-expanded cells derived from connective tissue progenitors in human bone marrow space, bone trabecular surface and adipose tissue. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:343-360. [PMID: 29396254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2017.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Connective tissue progenitors (CTPs) embody the heterogeneous stem and progenitor cell populations present in native tissue. CTPs are essential to the formation and remodeling of connective tissue and represent key targets for tissue-engineering and cell-based therapies. To better understand and characterize CTPs, we aimed to compare the (i) concentration and prevalence, (ii) early in vitro biological behavior and (iii) expression of surface-markers and transcription factors among cells derived from marrow space (MS), trabecular surface (TS), and adipose tissues (AT). METHODS Cancellous-bone and subcutaneous-adipose tissues were collected from 8 patients. Cells were isolated and cultured. Colony formation was assayed using Colonyze software based on ASTM standards. Cell concentration ([Cell]), CTP concentration ([CTP]) and CTP prevalence (PCTP) were determined. Attributes of culture-expanded cells were compared based on (i) effective proliferation rate and (ii) expression of surface-markers CD73, CD90, CD105, SSEA-4, SSEA-3, SSEA-1/CD15, Cripto-1, E-Cadherin/CD324, Ep-CAM/CD326, CD146, hyaluronan and transcription factors Oct3/4, Sox-2 and Nanog using flow cytometry. RESULTS Mean [Cell], [CTP] and PCTP were significantly different between MS and TS samples (P = 0.03, P = 0.008 and P= 0.0003), respectively. AT-derived cells generated the highest mean total cell yield at day 6 of culture-4-fold greater than TS and more than 40-fold greater than MS per million cells plated. TS colonies grew with higher mean density than MS colonies (290 ± 11 versus 150 ± 11 cell per mm2; P = 0.0002). Expression of classical-mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) markers was consistently recorded (>95%) from all tissue sources, whereas all the other markers were highly variable. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence and biological potential of CTPs are different between patients and tissue sources and lack variation in classical MSC markers. Other markers are more likely to discriminate differences between cell populations in biological performance. Understanding the underlying reasons for variation in the concentration, prevalence, marker expression and biological potential of CTPs between patients and source tissues and determining the means of managing this variation will contribute to the rational development of cell-based clinical diagnostics and targeted cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha A Qadan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA; Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Philadelphia University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nicolas S Piuzzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Cynthia Boehm
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Wesley Bova
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Malcolm Moos
- FDA/Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Office of Cellular, Tissue, and Gene Therapies, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Ronald J Midura
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Vincent C Hascall
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - George F Muschler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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49
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Kornilov R, Puhka M, Mannerström B, Hiidenmaa H, Peltoniemi H, Siljander P, Seppänen-Kaijansinkko R, Kaur S. Efficient ultrafiltration-based protocol to deplete extracellular vesicles from fetal bovine serum. J Extracell Vesicles 2018; 7:1422674. [PMID: 29410778 PMCID: PMC5795649 DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2017.1422674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is the most commonly used supplement in studies involving cell-culture experiments. However, FBS contains large numbers of bovine extracellular vesicles (EVs), which hamper the analyses of secreted EVs from the cell type of preference and, thus, also the downstream analyses. Therefore, a prior elimination of EVs from FBS is crucial. However, the current methods of EV depletion by ultracentrifugation are cumbersome and the commercial alternatives expensive. In this study, our aim was to develop a protocol to completely deplete EVs from FBS, which may have wide applicability in cell-culture applications. We investigated different EV-depleted FBS prepared by our novel ultrafiltration-based protocol, by conventionally used overnight ultracentrifugation, or commercially available depleted FBS, and compared them with regular FBS. All sera were characterized by nanoparticle tracking analysis, electron microscopy, Western blotting and RNA quantification. Next, adipose-tissue mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) and cancer cells were grown in the media supplemented with the three different EV-depleted FBS and compared with cells grown in regular FBS media to assess the effects on cell proliferation, stress, differentiation and EV production. The novel ultrafiltration-based protocol depleted EVs from FBS clearly more efficiently than ultracentrifugation and commercial methods. Cell proliferation, stress, differentiation and EV production of AT-MSCs and cancer cell lines were similarly maintained in all three EV-depleted FBS media up to 96 h. In summary, our ultrafiltration protocol efficiently depletes EVs, is easy to use and maintains cell growth and metabolism. Since the method is also cost-effective and easy to standardize, it could be used in a wide range of cell-culture applications helping to increase comparability of EV research results between laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman Kornilov
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maija Puhka
- EV core and Institute for Molecular Medicine, Finland FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bettina Mannerström
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Hiidenmaa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Pia Siljander
- EV Core and Division of Biochemistry and Biotechnology and Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta Seppänen-Kaijansinkko
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sippy Kaur
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
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50
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Abstract
Intratumoral fibrosis results from the deposition of a cross-linked collagen matrix by cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). This type of fibrosis has been shown to exert mechanical forces and create a biochemical milieu that, together, shape intratumoral immunity and influence tumor cell metastatic behavior. In this Review, we present recent evidence that CAFs and tumor cells are regulated by provisional matrix molecules, that metastasis results from a change in the type of stromal collagen cross-link, and that fibrosis and inflammation perpetuate each other through proteolytic and chemotactic mediators released into the tumor stroma. We also discuss aspects of the emerging biology that have potential therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuo Yamauchi
- Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Thomas H Barker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences and School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Don L Gibbons
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology and.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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