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Bader K, Dalhoff E, Dierkes L, Braun LH, Gummer AW, Zelle D. Reliable Long-Term Serial Evaluation of Cochlear Function Using Pulsed Distortion-Product Otoacoustic Emissions: Analyzing Levels and Pressure Time Courses. Ear Hear 2024; 45:1326-1338. [PMID: 38809242 PMCID: PMC11325968 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To date, there is no international standard on how to use distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) in serial measurements to accurately detect changes in the function of the cochlear amplifier due, for example, to ototoxic therapies, occupational noise, or the development of regenerative therapies. The use of clinically established standard DPOAE protocols for serial monitoring programs appears to be hampered by multiple factors, including probe placement and calibration effects, signal-processing complexities associated with multiple sites of emission generation as well as suboptimal selection of stimulus parameters. DESIGN Pulsed DPOAEs were measured seven times within 3 months for f2 = 1 to 14 kHz and L2 = 25 to 80 dB SPL in 20 ears of 10 healthy participants with normal hearing (mean age = 32.1 ± 9.7 years). L1 values were computed from individual optimal-path parameters derived from the corresponding individual DPOAE level map in the first test session. Three different DPOAE metrics for evaluating the functional state of the cochlear amplifier were investigated with respect to their test-retest reliability: (1) the interference-free, nonlinear-distortion component level ( LOD ), (2) the time course of the DPOAE-envelope levels, LDP ( t ), and (3) the squared, zero-lag correlation coefficient ( ) between the time courses of the DPOAE-envelope pressures, pDP ( t ), measured in two sessions. The latter two metrics include the two main DPOAE components and their state of interference. RESULTS Collated over all sessions and frequencies, the median absolute difference for LOD was 1.93 dB and for LDP ( t ) was 2.52 dB; the median of was 0.988. For the low ( f2 = 1 to 3 kHz), mid ( f2 = 4 to 9 kHz), and high ( f2 = 10 to 14 kHz) frequency ranges, the test-retest reliability of LOD increased with increasing signal to noise ratio (SNR). CONCLUSIONS On the basis of the knowledge gained from this study on the test-retest reliability of pulsed DPOAE signals and the current literature, we propose a DPOAE protocol for future serial monitoring applications that takes into account the following factors: (1) separation of DPOAE components, (2) use of individually optimal stimulus parameters, (3) SNR of at least 15 dB, (4) accurate pressure calibration, (5) consideration of frequency- and level-dependent test-retest reliabilities and corresponding reference ranges, and (6) stimulus levels L2 that are as low as possible with sufficient SNR to capture the nonlinear functional state of the cochlear amplifier operating at its highest gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Bader
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ernst Dalhoff
- Section of Physiological Acoustics and Communication, Department of Otolaryngology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Linda Dierkes
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lore Helene Braun
- Department of Radiooncology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Anthony W. Gummer
- Section of Physiological Acoustics and Communication, Department of Otolaryngology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dennis Zelle
- Section of Physiological Acoustics and Communication, Department of Otolaryngology, Eberhard-Karls-University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Earlab GmbH, Tübingen, Germany
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Jedrzejczak WW, Milner R, Pilka E, Ganc M, Skarzynski H. Visual attention does not affect the reliability of otoacoustic emission or medial olivocochlear reflex. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 152:2398. [PMID: 36319231 DOI: 10.1121/10.0014900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated whether visual attention affects the reliability (i.e., repeatability) of transiently evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) magnitudes or of medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR) estimates. TEOAEs were measured during three visual attentional conditions: control (subject were seated with eyes closed); passive (subjects looked at a pattern of squares on a computer screen); and active (subjects silently counted an occasionally inverted pattern). To estimate reliability, the whole recording session was repeated the next day. The results showed that visual attention does not significantly affect TEOAE or MOCR magnitudes-or their reliability. It is therefore possible to employ visual stimuli (e.g., watching a silent movie) during TEOAE experiments, a procedure sometimes used during testing to prevent subjects from falling asleep or to keep children still and quiet.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Wiktor Jedrzejczak
- World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, ulica Mokra 17, Kajetany 05-830 Nadarzyn, Poland
| | - Rafal Milner
- World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, ulica Mokra 17, Kajetany 05-830 Nadarzyn, Poland
| | - Edyta Pilka
- World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, ulica Mokra 17, Kajetany 05-830 Nadarzyn, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Ganc
- World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, ulica Mokra 17, Kajetany 05-830 Nadarzyn, Poland
| | - Henryk Skarzynski
- World Hearing Center, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, ulica Mokra 17, Kajetany 05-830 Nadarzyn, Poland
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Pastucha M, Jedrzejczak WW. Fluctuations of Otoacoustic Emissions and Medial Olivocochlear Reflexes: Tracking One Subject over a Year. Audiol Res 2022; 12:508-517. [PMID: 36136858 PMCID: PMC9498582 DOI: 10.3390/audiolres12050051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to measure the variability of transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAEs) and the medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR) over a long period of time in one person. TEOAEs with and without contralateral acoustic stimulation (CAS) by white noise were measured, from which MOCR strength could be derived as either a dB or % change. In this longitudinal case study, measurements were performed on the right and left ears of a young, normally hearing adult female once a week for 1 year. The results showed that TEOAE level and MOCR strength fluctuated over the year but tended to remain close to a baseline level, with standard deviations of around 0.5 dB and 0.05 dB, respectively. The TEOAE latencies at frequencies from 1 to 4 kHz were relatively stable, with maximum changes ranging from 0.5 ms for the 1 kHz band to 0.08 ms for the 4 kHz band. TEOAE levels and MOCR strengths were strongly and negatively correlated, meaning that the higher the TEOAE level, the lower the MOCR. Additionally, comparison of fluctuations between the ears revealed positive correlation, i.e., the higher the TEOAE level or MOCR in one ear, the higher in the second ear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Pastucha
- Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, ul. Mochnackiego 10, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland
- World Hearing Center, ul. Mokra 17, 05-830 Kajetany, Poland
| | - W. Wiktor Jedrzejczak
- Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, ul. Mochnackiego 10, 02-042 Warsaw, Poland
- World Hearing Center, ul. Mokra 17, 05-830 Kajetany, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-22-276-9-574
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El-sayed El-sayed Gaafar A, Ibrahem Ismail E, Zaghloul HS. Otoacoustic emissions value in patients with idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss. J Otol 2022; 17:183-190. [PMID: 36249922 PMCID: PMC9547103 DOI: 10.1016/j.joto.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 06/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) in idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss patients. Methods The study included 30 subjects with unilateral idiopathic sudden sensorineural hearing loss (ISSNHL). Each patient was evaluated four times: at baseline and after one week, one month, and three months of treatment. During each visit, each patient was subjected to full audiological history, otoscopic examination, basic audiological evaluations, and transiently evoked and distortion product otoacoustic emission (TEOAEs & DEOAEs). Results The hearing thresholds (frequency range 250–8000 Hz) and word recognition scores of patients with detectable TEOAEs and DPOAEs improved significantly, whereas no significant improvements were observed in those with no response. Conclusion Hearing improvement is better in patients with detectable TEOAEs and DPOAEs. As a result, TEOAEs and DPOAEs are recommended as routine tests in all SSNHL patients to predict outcomes and monitor treatment as TEOAEs and DPOAEs reflect the cochlear OHCs activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elshahat Ibrahem Ismail
- ENT Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
- Corresponding author. Audiology Unit, ENT department, Faculty of medicine, Mansoura Egypt: El-Gomhoria St., Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.,
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Sonstrom Malowski K, Gollihugh LH, Malyuk H, Le Prell CG. Auditory changes following firearm noise exposure, a review. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2022; 151:1769. [PMID: 35364940 DOI: 10.1121/10.0009675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Firearms produce peak sound pressure levels (peak SPL) between ∼130 and 175 dB peak SPL, creating significant risk of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in those exposed to firearm noise during occupational, recreational, and/or military operations. Noise-induced tinnitus and hearing loss are common in military service members, public safety officers, and hunters/shooters. Given the significant risk of NIHL due to firearm and other noise sources, there is an interest in, and demand for, interventions to prevent and/or treat NIHL in high-risk populations. However, research and clinical trial designs assessing NIHL prevention have varied due to inconsistent data from the literature, specifically with end point definitions, study protocols, and assessment methodologies. This article presents a scoping review of the literature pertaining to auditory changes following firearm noise exposure. Meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity of the study designs. Recommendations regarding audiologic test approach and monitoring of populations at risk for NIHL are presented based on critical review of the existing literature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lindsay H Gollihugh
- School of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
| | - Heather Malyuk
- School of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, USA
| | - Colleen G Le Prell
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA
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De Groote E, Bockstael A, Botteldooren D, Santens P, De Letter M. The Effect of Parkinson's Disease on Otoacoustic Emissions and Efferent Suppression of Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2021; 64:1354-1368. [PMID: 33769843 DOI: 10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Several studies have demonstrated increased auditory thresholds in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) based on subjective tonal audiometry. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying auditory dysfunction in PD remain elusive. The primary aim of this study was to investigate cochlear and olivocochlear function in PD using objective measurements and to assess the effect of dopaminergic medication on auditory function. Method Eighteen patients with PD and 18 gender- and age-matched healthy controls (HCs) were included. Patients with PD participated in medication on and off conditions. Linear mixed models were used to determine the effect of PD on tonal audiometry, transient evoked and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), and efferent suppression (ES). Results Tonal audiometry revealed normal auditory thresholds in patients with PD for their age across all frequencies. OAE signal amplitudes demonstrated a significant interaction effect between group (PD vs. HC) and frequency, indicating decreased OAEs at low frequencies and increased OAEs at high frequencies in patients with PD. No significant differences were found between patients with PD and HCs regarding ES. In addition, no significant effect of medication status was found on auditory measurements in patients with PD. Conclusions Altered OAEs support the hypothesis of cochlear alterations in PD. No evidence was found for the involvement of the medial olivocochlear system. Altogether, OAEs may provide an objective early indicator of auditory alterations in PD and should complement subjective tonal audiometry when assessing and monitoring auditory function in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Annelies Bockstael
- Acoustics Research Group, Department of Information Technology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Dick Botteldooren
- Acoustics Research Group, Department of Information Technology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | | | - Miet De Letter
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
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7
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Keppler H, Degeest S, Vinck B. Short-Term Test-Retest Reliability of Contralateral Suppression of Click-Evoked Otoacoustic Emissions in Normal-Hearing Subjects. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2021; 64:1062-1072. [PMID: 33719513 DOI: 10.1044/2020_jslhr-20-00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The objective of the current study was to investigate the short-term test-retest reliability of contralateral suppression (CS) of click-evoked otoacoustic emissions (CEOAEs) using commercially available otoacoustic emission equipment. Method Twenty-three young normal-hearing subjects were tested. An otoscopic evaluation, admittance measures, pure-tone audiometry, measurements of CEOAEs without and with contralateral acoustic stimulation (CAS) to determine CS were performed at baseline (n = 23), an immediate retest without and with refitting of the probe (only CS of CEOAEs; n = 11), and a retest after 1 week (n = 23) were performed. Test-retest reliability parameters were determined on CEOAE response amplitudes without and with CAS, and on raw and normalized CS indices between baseline and the other test moments. Results Repeated-measures analysis of variance indicated no random or systematic changes in CEOAE response amplitudes without and with CAS, and in raw and normalized CS indices between the test moments. Moderate-to-high intraclass correlation coefficients with mostly high significant between-subjects variability between baseline and each consecutive test moment were found for CEOAE response amplitude without and with CAS, and for the raw and normalized CS indices. Other reliability parameters deteriorated between CEOAE response amplitudes with CAS as compared to without CAS, between baseline and retest with probe refitting, and after 1 week, as well as for frequency-specific raw and normalized CS indices as compared to global CS indices. Conclusions There was considerable variability in raw and normalized CS indices as measured using CEOAEs with CAS using commercially available otoacoustic emission equipment. More research is needed to optimize the measurement of CS of CEOAEs and to reduce influencing factors, as well as to make generalization of test-retest reliability data possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Keppler
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium
| | - Sofie Degeest
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Bart Vinck
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
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8
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De Keyser K, De Letter M, De Groote E, Santens P, Talsma D, Botteldooren D, Bockstael A. Systematic Audiological Assessment of Auditory Functioning in Patients With Parkinson's Disease. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2019; 62:4564-4577. [PMID: 31770043 DOI: 10.1044/2019_jslhr-h-19-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Alterations in primary auditory functioning have been reported in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Despite the current findings, the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying these alterations remain unclear, and the effect of dopaminergic medication on auditory functioning in PD has been explored insufficiently. Therefore, this study aimed to systematically investigate primary auditory functioning in patients with PD by using both subjective and objective audiological measurements. Method In this case-control study, 25 patients with PD and 25 age-, gender-, and education-matched healthy controls underwent an audiological test battery consisting of tonal audiometry, short increment sensitivity index, otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), and speech audiometry. Patients with PD were tested in the on- and off-medication states. Results Increased OAE amplitudes were found when patients with PD were tested without dopaminergic medication. In addition, speech audiometry in silence and multitalker babble noise demonstrated higher phoneme scores for patients with PD in the off-medication condition. The results showed no differences in auditory functioning between patients with PD in the on-medication condition and healthy controls. No effect of disease stage or motor score was evident. Conclusions This study provides evidence for a top-down involvement in auditory processing in PD at both central and peripheral levels. Most important, the increase in OAE amplitude in the off-medication condition in PD is hypothesized to be linked to a dysfunction of the olivocochlear efferent system, which is known to have an inhibitory effect on outer hair cell functioning. Future studies may clarify whether OAEs may facilitate an early diagnosis of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim De Keyser
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Miet De Letter
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
| | | | | | - Durk Talsma
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Dick Botteldooren
- Department of Information Technology (INTEC)-Acoustics Research Group, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Annelies Bockstael
- Ecole d'Orthophonie et d'Audiologie, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
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Mertes IB. Establishing critical differences in ear-canal stimulus amplitude for detecting middle ear muscle reflex activation during olivocochlear efferent measurements. Int J Audiol 2019; 59:140-147. [DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2019.1673491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian B. Mertes
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
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Kınal ME, Tatlıpınar A, Uzun S, Keskin S, Tekdemir E, Özbeyli D, Akakın D. Investigation of Astaxanthin Effect on Cisplatin Ototoxicity in Rats by Using Otoacoustic Emission, Total Antioxidant Capacity, and Histopathological Methods. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2019; 100:NP198-NP205. [PMID: 31558064 DOI: 10.1177/0145561319866826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cisplatin-induced ototoxicity is related to oxidative stress. Astaxanthin is one of the most powerful antioxidants in nature. AIMS/OBJECTIVES To investigate the protective effect of astaxanthin on cisplatin-induced ototoxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-five Sprague Dawley female rats were divided into 5 groups: control, cisplatin, and cisplatin with 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg astaxanthin groups. Cisplatin group received a single intraperitoneal injection of 14 mg/kg cisplatin. While saline was administered in the control group, in the other 3 groups, 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg daily doses of astaxanthin were administered through orogastric cannula before administration of cisplatin. Baseline and 10th day otoacoustic emission tests were administered. An intracardiac blood sample was taken to measure total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the cochleas of the animals were investigated histopathologically. RESULTS Hearing level of astaxanthin 40 mg/kg + cisplatin group was higher at 24 kHz and 32 kHz frequencies compared to the cisplatin group. The TAC value of the cisplatin group was lower than both the control and astaxanthin + cisplatin groups (P < .05). On histopathological examination, the other groups were deformed compared to the control group, but no statistically significant difference was observed between the astaxanthin + cisplatin and cisplatin groups. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE Astaxanthin showed protective effect at high frequencies when it was administered at high dose. Thus, astaxanthin may have protective effect against cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Emrah Kınal
- Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Clinic, 147011Health Science University Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arzu Tatlıpınar
- Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Clinic, 147011Health Science University Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selami Uzun
- Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Clinic, 147011Health Science University Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Serhan Keskin
- Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Clinic, 147011Health Science University Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emrah Tekdemir
- Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Clinic, 147011Health Science University Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Özbeyli
- 52982Marmara University Vocational School of Health Services, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Akakın
- Department of Histology and Embryology, 52982Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Deklerck AN, Degeest S, Dhooge IJM, Keppler H. Test-Retest Reproducibility of Response Duration in Tinnitus Patients With Positive Residual Inhibition. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2019; 62:3531-3544. [PMID: 31433704 DOI: 10.1044/2019_jslhr-h-18-0514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Functional imaging is often used to try to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanism of tinnitus. Residual inhibition, the temporary suppression of tinnitus after application of a masking noise, could be an interesting technique to modulate tinnitus perception in functional imaging paradigms. The purposes of this study were to primarily assess reproducibility of the (partial) positive residual inhibition response duration in patients with tinnitus and to explore its utility in experimental designs. Method Patients with tinnitus exhibiting a (partial) positive residual inhibition response or tinnitus reduction after a 1-min white noise presentation were selected from a broad consulting tinnitus population. In 27 patients, this response was tested 4 times: twice during initial testing and twice during a retest of the psychoacoustic tinnitus measures, 4-8 weeks after initial consultation. In 17 patients with stable residual inhibition responses, reproducibility of response duration, the duration of tinnitus reduction up to pretesting state, was analyzed. Results Initial testing showed a residual inhibition duration of 29.5 s on average. Test-retest reproducibility of response duration was shown to be reliable with an ICC(3, 4) of .871 (95% CI [0.733, 0.948]) and a standard error of measurement of 6.64 s. Conclusions This study indicates the good test-retest reproducibility of residual inhibition duration in our subset of 17 patients with stable (partial) positive residual inhibition. Residual inhibition is, therefore, a technique that can potentially be used for temporary tinnitus manipulation in experimental paradigms to unravel tinnitus pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann N Deklerck
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Sofie Degeest
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
| | - Ingeborg J M Dhooge
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Head and Skin, Ghent University, Belgium
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium
| | - Hannah Keppler
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Belgium
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ghent University Hospital, Belgium
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Keppler H, Lampo E, Degeest S, Botteldooren D, Vinck B, Bockstael A. Analysis of probe fitting stimulus properties on transient evoked otoacoustic emissions. Int J Audiol 2019; 59:45-53. [PMID: 31453735 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2019.1656347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The objectives of the current study are first, to evaluate the subjective evaluation of probe fitting stimulus properties, and second, to analyse the effects of different probe fittings on transient evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) response and noise amplitudes in subjects.Design: The Q methodology was used to sort 48 probe fittings differing in stimulus properties in seven categories from totally unacceptable to certainly acceptable. Further, TEOAE response and noise amplitudes were measured in one baseline condition with optimal probe fitting and eight experimental conditions with less than optimal probe fittings.Study sample: The probe fittings were ranked by 18 participants, while the repeated measures design was performed in 34 ear.Results: First, it was found that only 19.61% of all distributions of the probe fittings by the participants had a mutual correlation of at least 70.00%. Almost 60% of the variance of distributions was explained by 83.33% of the participants, although most probe fittings significantly differed from other fittings based on spectral broadness. Second, significant differences in TEOAE response and especially noise amplitudes between conditions were found. Further, TEOAE response and noise amplitudes between the baseline and experimental conditions were significantly different depending on ringing and spectral flatness of the stimulus.Conclusion: A substantial amount of subjectivity during TEOAE measurements is involved with regard to the evaluation of probe fitting stimulus properties. TEOAE response but especially noise amplitudes are influenced by varying stimulus parameters which stresses the importance of inspecting these parameters prior to or during EOAE measurements. Although more research is needed, some guidelines regarding these parameters are given which could improve the accuracy of TEOAEs in practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Keppler
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Sofie Degeest
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dick Botteldooren
- Department of Information Technology, Ghent University, WAVES Group, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bart Vinck
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Annelies Bockstael
- Department of Information Technology, Ghent University, WAVES Group, Ghent, Belgium
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Klopper M, Biagio–de Jager L, Vinck B. The correlation between hair and eye colour and contralateral suppression of otoacoustic emissions. Noise Health 2019; 21:155-163. [PMID: 32719302 PMCID: PMC7650858 DOI: 10.4103/nah.nah_36_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetics and environmental factors frequently influence individual's susceptibility to hearing loss. It is postulated that melanin in the inner ear is related to individual's susceptibility to noise induced hearing loss (NIHL). General pigmentation in turn, suspected to be related to the amount of pigmentation in the inner ear. The amount of melanin in the inner ear is said to modulate the endocochlear potential and provide an otoprotective effect. AIM The study aimed to determine the relationship between the contralateral suppression of otoacoustic emissions (CSOAE) in individuals with brown eyes and hair, and blue eyes and blond hair, and temporary emission shift (TES) after short-term noise exposure. SETTING AND DESIGN The research was conducted using a quantitative research design with a quasi-experimental repeated within the subject design to compare the CSOAE in subjects with different hair and eyes colour with TES after short-term noise exposure. Quantitative research was used to determine the relationship between the measurable variables to predict occurrence. MATERIAL AND METHOD The hearing sensitivity of young adults was determined by using pure tone audiometry followed by CSOAE's and distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE) before listening to music for one hour individually. Pure tone audiometry and DPOAE's were repeated after music exposure to determine the amount of TES and temporary threshold shift (TTS). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED One-way ANOVA was used during the analysis of the data obtained during this research study, in addition to, two-tailed Wilcoxon Sign Rank test and Friedman's test. In all analyses, a 95% level of significance (P<0.05) was used. RESULTS No statistically significant difference between efferent suppression was measured by CSOAE's between the participant groups. A larger TTS at 4000 Hz and TES at 2000 Hz was evident in the blue eyes and blond hair group after short-term music exposure. Conclusion: CSOAE's were unable to predict which group of individuals were more susceptible to NIHL after short-term noise exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marike Klopper
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Leigh Biagio–de Jager
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Bart Vinck
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Nguyen TV, Jutras B, Monnier P, Muckle G, Velez M, Arbuckle TE, Saint-Amour D. Prenatal masculinization of the auditory system in infants: The MIREC-ID study. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2019; 104:33-41. [PMID: 30784903 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sex differences in inner-ear function are detectable in infants, notably through the measurement of otoacoustic emissions (OAEs). Prevailing theories posit that prenatal exposure to high levels of androgens in boys may weaken OAEs, and that this phenomenon may predominantly affect the right ear/left hemisphere (Geschwind-Galaburda (GG) hypothesis). Yet, actual tests of these models have been difficult to implement in humans. Here we examined the relationship between markers of fetal androgen exposure collected at birth (anogenital distances (AGD); penile length/width, areolar/scrotal/vulvar pigmentation) and at 6 months of age (2nd to 4th digit ratio (2D:4D)) with two types of OAEs, click-evoked OAEs (CEOAEs) and distortion-product OAEs (DPOAEs) (n = 49; 25 boys; 24 girls). We found that, in boys, scrotal pigmentation was inversely associated with the amplitude and reproducibility of CEOAEs in the right ear at 4 kHz, with trends also present in the same ear for mean CEOAE amplitude and CEOAE amplitude at 2 kHz. Penile length was inversely associated with the mean amplitude of DPOAEs in both the right and left ears, as well as with DPOAE amplitude in the right ear at 2 kHz and the reproducibility of CEOAEs in the left ear at 2.8 kHz. Finally, AGD-scrotum in boys was positively associated in boys with the amplitude of DPOAEs in the left ear at 2.8 kHz. Unexpectedly, there were no sex differences in the amplitude or reproducibility of OAEs, nor, in girls, any associations between androgenic markers and auditory function. Nonetheless, these findings, reported for the first time in a sample of human infants, support both the prenatal-androgen-exposure and GG models as explanations for the masculinization of auditory function in male infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuong-Vi Nguyen
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Canada; Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology McGill University, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre [RI-MUHC), Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Canada.
| | - Benoît Jutras
- Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada; School of Speech Language Pathology and Audiology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Patricia Monnier
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology McGill University, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Canada; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre [RI-MUHC), Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Canada
| | - Gina Muckle
- School of Psychology, Laval University, Quebec CHU Research Centre, Quebec City, Canada
| | - Maria Velez
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tye E Arbuckle
- Population Studies Division, Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, Ottawa Canada
| | - Dave Saint-Amour
- Research Center, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Canada
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Petersen L, Wilson WJ, Kathard H. Towards the preferred stimulus parameters for distortion product otoacoustic emissions in adults: A preliminary study. SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATION DISORDERS 2018; 65:e1-e10. [PMID: 30035604 PMCID: PMC6111484 DOI: 10.4102/sajcd.v65i1.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) are useful in evaluating cochlear outer hair cell function, determining the optimal stimulus parameters could result in a more reliable, sensitive and specific diagnostic tool across the range of DPOAE applications. Objectives: To identify which stimulus parameters warrant further investigation for eliciting the largest and most reliable DPOAEs in adult humans. Method: A single group, repeated measures design involving a convenience sample of 20 normal-hearing participants between 19 and 24 years of age. Results: Descriptive statistics and mixed model analyses suggested L1/L2 intensity levels of 65/65 dB sound pressure level (SPL) and 65/55 dB SPL, and f2/f1 ratios of 1.18, 1.20 and 1.22 elicited larger and more reliable DPOAEs in both ears. Conclusion: Further investigation of the 65/65 dB SPL and 65/55 dB SPL intensity levels and the 1.18, 1.20 and 1.22 f2/f1 ratios is warranted to determine the stimulus parameters for eliciting the largest and most reliable DPOAEs in adult humans across the range of DPOAE applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucretia Petersen
- Division of Communication Sciences and Disorders, Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town.
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Nadon V, Bockstael A, Botteldooren D, Voix J. Field Monitoring of Otoacoustic Emissions During Noise Exposure: Pilot Study in Controlled Environment. Am J Audiol 2017; 26:352-368. [PMID: 29049619 DOI: 10.1044/2017_aja-17-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE In spite of all the efforts to implement workplace hearing conservation programs, noise-induced hearing loss remains the leading cause of disability for North American workers. Nonetheless, an individual's susceptibility to noise-induced hearing loss can be estimated by monitoring changes in hearing status in relation to the level of ambient noise exposure. The purpose of this study was to validate an approach that could improve workplace hearing conservation practices. The approach was developed using a portable and robust system designed for noisy environments and consisted of taking continuous measurements with high temporal resolution of the health status of the inner ear using otoacoustic emissions (OAEs). METHOD A pilot study was conducted in a laboratory, exposing human subjects to industrial noise recordings at realistic levels. In parallel, OAEs were measured periodically using the designed OAE system as well as with a commercially available OAE system, used as a reference. RESULTS Variations in OAE levels were analyzed and discussed along with the limitations of the reference and designed systems. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that the monitoring of an individual's OAEs could be useful in monitoring temporary changes in hearing status induced by exposure to ambient noise and could be considered as a new tool for effective hearing conservation programs in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Nadon
- École de Technologie Supérieure, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | | | | | - Jérémie Voix
- École de Technologie Supérieure, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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Petersen L, Wilson WJ, Kathard H. A systematic review of stimulus parameters for eliciting distortion product otoacoustic emissions from adult humans. Int J Audiol 2017. [PMID: 28635500 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2017.1290282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to review the scientific literature to determine if a set of stimulus parameters can be described to elicit distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) of higher absolute level and/or greater reliability in healthy adult humans and higher sensitivity and specificity in adults with cochlear lesions. DESIGN Systematic review. STUDY SAMPLE Searches of four electronic databases yielded 47 studies that had used different parameters to elicit DPOAEs from within or between-groups of adult humans. RESULTS The wide range of stimulus parameters used in the reviewed studies saw a wide range of reported values for DPOAE level, reliability, and sensitivity and specificity to cochlear lesions. CONCLUSION The most commonly used stimulus parameters for eliciting DPOAEs from adult humans have included frequency ratios for the two primary tones (f2/f1) of between 1.04 and 1.4 and levels (L1/L2) of 65/55 dB SPL. The most commonly used parameters for eliciting DPOAEs of higher level in healthy adults appear to be linked to f2/f1 values between 1.20 and 1.22 and L1/L2 levels of 75/75 dB SPL. The stimulus parameters for eliciting DPOAEs of greater reliability in healthy adults and higher sensitivity and specificity in adults with cochlear lesions have yet to be clearly determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucretia Petersen
- a Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences , University of Cape Town , Cape Town , South Africa and
| | - Wayne J Wilson
- b School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland , Queensland , Australia
| | - Harsha Kathard
- a Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences , University of Cape Town , Cape Town , South Africa and
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Charaziak KK, Shera CA. Compensating for ear-canal acoustics when measuring otoacoustic emissions. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2017; 141:515. [PMID: 28147590 PMCID: PMC5848844 DOI: 10.1121/1.4973618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) provide an acoustic fingerprint of the inner ear, and changes in this fingerprint may indicate changes in cochlear function arising from efferent modulation, aging, noise trauma, and/or exposure to harmful agents. However, the reproducibility and diagnostic power of OAE measurements is compromised by the variable acoustics of the ear canal, in particular, by multiple reflections and the emergence of standing waves at relevant frequencies. Even when stimulus levels are controlled using methods that circumvent standing-wave problems (e.g., forward-pressure-level calibration), distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) levels vary with probe location by 10-15 dB near half-wave resonant frequencies. The method presented here estimates the initial outgoing OAE pressure wave at the eardrum from measurements of the conventional OAE, allowing one to separate the emitted OAE from the many reflections trapped in the ear canal. The emitted pressure level (EPL) represents the OAE level that would be recorded were the ear canal replaced by an infinite tube with no reflections. When DPOAEs are expressed using EPL, their variation with probe location decreases to the test-retest repeatability of measurements obtained at similar probe positions. EPL provides a powerful way to reduce the variability of OAE measurements and improve their ability to detect cochlear changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina K Charaziak
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Christopher A Shera
- Eaton-Peabody Laboratories, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, 243 Charles Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
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Nassiri P, Zare S, Monazzam MR, Pourbakht A, Azam K, Golmohammadi T. Modeling signal-to-noise ratio of otoacoustic emissions in workers exposed to different industrial noise levels. Noise Health 2016; 18:391-398. [PMID: 27991472 PMCID: PMC5227021 DOI: 10.4103/1463-1741.195808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Noise is considered as the most common cause of harmful physical effects in the workplace. A sound that is generated from within the inner ear is known as an otoacoustic emission (OAE). Distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) assess evoked emission and hearing capacity. The aim of this study was to assess the signal-to-noise ratio in different frequencies and at different times of the shift work in workers exposed to various levels of noise. It was also aimed to provide a statistical model for signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of OAEs in different frequencies based on the two variables of sound pressure level (SPL) and exposure time. Materials and Methods: This case–control study was conducted on 45 workers during autumn 2014. The workers were divided into three groups based on the level of noise exposure. The SNR was measured in frequencies of 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 6000 Hz in both ears, and in three different time intervals during the shift work. According to the inclusion criterion, SNR of 6 dB or greater was included in the study. The analysis was performed using repeated measurements of analysis of variance, spearman correlation coefficient, and paired samples t-test. Results: The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the three exposed groups in terms of the mean values of SNR (P > 0.05). Only in signal pressure levels of 88 dBA with an interval time of 10:30–11:00 AM, there was a statistically significant difference between the right and left ears with the mean SNR values of 3000 frequency (P = 0.038). The SPL had a significant effect on the SNR in both the right and left ears (P = 0.023, P = 0.041). The effect of the duration of measurement on the SNR was statistically significant in both the right and left ears (P = 0.027, P < 0.001). Conclusion: The findings of this study demonstrated that after noise exposure during the shift, SNR of OAEs reduced from the beginning to the end of the shift.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parvin Nassiri
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Zare
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad R Monazzam
- Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Pourbakht
- Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamal Azam
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taghi Golmohammadi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Van Eeckhoutte M, Wouters J, Francart T. Auditory steady-state responses as neural correlates of loudness growth. Hear Res 2016; 342:58-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2016.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Revised: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Meta-Analysis of Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emission Retest Variability for Serial Monitoring of Cochlear Function in Adults. Ear Hear 2016; 36:e251-60. [PMID: 25985018 DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000000176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) have long been heralded as a means to objectively monitor cochlear function and increasingly are becoming a key component in hearing surveillance programs for individuals at risk for ototoxic- and occupational noise-related hearing loss. Yet clinicians are unsure how to define clinically meaningful shifts in DPOAE level. In this study, a meta-analysis approach is used to synthesize the DPOAE level test-retest literature to construct a set of DPOAE level shift reference limits that can be used clinically to define a statistically significant emission change. DESIGN The authors reviewed all published articles identified through a Medline search using the terms "Otoacoustic Emission Variability," "Otoacoustic Emission Reliability," "Otoacoustic Emission Repeatability," and "Otoacoustic Emission Test Retest" restricted to DPOAEs, adults, and English language. Articles with DPOAE level data elicited by moderate stimulus levels for f2 frequencies of 1000, 2000, 4000, or 6000 Hz were selected because these stimulus parameters were relatively well represented in the literature. The authors only included articles that reported the standard error of the measurement (SEM) or from which the SEM could be calculated. Meta-analysis was used to estimate the population mean SEM over the included studies. Models were fit separately for each f2 primary and included days since baseline and study-specific random effects. RESULTS Ten DPOAE test-retest studies met inclusion criteria for this meta-analysis. The SEM values varied widely across published studies (0.57 to 3.9 dB) and were provided for relatively short time intervals (less than 15 days on average). Time, or days since baseline, was statistically significant at higher f2 frequencies (4000 and 6000 Hz). From the model results, 90% reference limits specific to the f2 and elapsed time between baseline and follow-up measurements were established. Reference limits provided correspond to negative (emission decrement) and positive (emission enhancement) shifts indicative of the amount of measurement variability that, using this approach, must be tolerated as "normal" fluctuations over time. Changes larger than the reference limits are considered significant and warrant follow-up testing. CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis presented provides reference limits that are appropriate for a set of specific f2 frequencies and time intervals. The meta-analysis concerns the SEM statistic directly, so that any preferred reference limit can be computed from the results and should be predicated upon the screening application. The presumed advantage of this meta-analytic approach is increased precision relative to limits suggested by any of the individual studies included in the analysis.
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Bockstael A, Keppler H, Botteldooren D. Musician earplugs: Appreciation and protection. Noise Health 2015; 17:198-208. [PMID: 26168950 PMCID: PMC4900482 DOI: 10.4103/1463-1741.160688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Recreational music exposure is a potential risk factor for noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). Augmented hearing protectors have been designed with modified attenuation characteristics to combine hearing protection and listening comfort. However, to date, only a few independent studies have assessed the performance of those augmented protectors in realistic exposure conditions. This study compares the listening experience and temporary effects on cochlear status with different types of earplugs after exposure to contemporary club music. Five different types of commercially available hearing protectors were worn, all commonly used during leisure-time music exposure. Four of them were augmented premolded earplugs and the fifth type was an inexpensive, standard earplug frequently distributed for free at music events. During five different test sessions of 30 min each, participants not professionally involved in music wore one particular type of protector. Contemporary club music was played at sound pressure levels (SPLs) representative of concerts and bars. After each listening session, a questionnaire on sound quality and general appreciation was completed. In addition, otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) were measured directly before and after music exposure. The reported appreciation clearly differed depending on the addressed characteristics and the specific earplug type. In this test group, the reported appreciation mainly depended on comfort and looks, while differences in sound quality were less noticeable. The changes in OAE amplitude before and after noise exposure were small in terms of clinical standards. Nevertheless, the observed temporary shifts differed systematically for the different types of hearing protectors, with two types of musician earplug showing a more systematic decline than the others. Further research with respect to actual use and achieved protection for real, unsupervised music exposure is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annelies Bockstael
- Department of Information Technology, Acoustics Research Group, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Zare S, Nassiri P, Monazzam MR, Pourbakht A, Azam K, Golmohammadi T. Evaluation of Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAEs) among workers at an Industrial Company exposed to different industrial noise levels in 2014. Electron Physician 2015; 7:1126-34. [PMID: 26388979 PMCID: PMC4574699 DOI: 10.14661/2015.1126-1134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is usually one of the main problems in industrial settings. The aim of this study was to determine whether changes in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in different DPOAE are caused by exposure to different levels of noise at different time intervals among workers exposed to noise. METHODS This case-control study was conducted in the autumn of 2014 on 45 workers at Gol Gohar Mining and Industrial Company, which is located in Sirjan in southeast Iran. The workers were divided into three groups based on their noise exposure, i.e., 1) 15 office workers as a control group with exposure to low levels of noise, 2) 15 workers from manufacturing departments who were exposed to a medium level of noise, and 3) 15 workers from manufacturing departments who were exposed to high levels of noise. The SNRs at the frequencies of 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 6000 Hz were measured in both ears at three different time intervals during the shift work. SNRs of 6 or greater were considered as inclusion criterion. Repeated measures, the Spearman rank-order correlation test, and paired t-test analyses were used with α = 0.05 being the level of significance. RESULTS For all frequencies in the right and left ears, the SNR values were more than 6, thus all SNR values were considered as acceptable responses. The effects of time and sound pressure level (SPL) on SNR were significant for the right and left ears (p = 0.027 and < 0.001, respectively). There was a statistically significant correlation between the SNR values in the right and left ears for the time intervals 7:30-8:00 A.M. and 13:30-14:00 P.M., which implied that an increase in the duration of exposure led to reduced SNR values (p = 0.024, r = 0.948). CONCLUSIONS The comparison of the SNR values in the right and left ears (for all frequencies and the three different SPLs) indicated that the values decreased during the shift work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Zare
- Ph.D. Student, Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parvin Nassiri
- Professor, Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Monazzam
- Professor, Department of Occupational Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Akram Pourbakht
- Associate Professor, Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamal Azam
- Associate Professor, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Taghi Golmohammadi
- Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Silva GC, Delecrode CR, Kemp AT, Martins F, Cardoso ACV. Transient Evoked and Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions in a Group of Neonates. Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2015; 19:255-8. [PMID: 26157501 PMCID: PMC4490930 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1546431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The most commonly used method in neonatal hearing screening programs is transient evoked otoacoustic emissions in the first stage of the process. There are few studies comparing transient evoked otoacoustic emissions with distortion product, but some authors have investigated the issue. Objective To correlate the results of transient evoked and distortion product otoacoustic emissions in a Brazilian maternity hospital. Methods This is a cross-sectional, comparative, and prospective study. The study included 579 newborns, ranging from 6 to 54 days of age, born in a low-risk maternity hospital and assessed for hearing loss. All neonates underwent hearing screening by transient evoked and distortion product otoacoustic emissions. The results were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test to relate the two procedures. Results The pass index on transient evoked otoacoustic emissions was 95% and on distortion product otoacoustic emissions was 91%. The comparison of the two procedures showed that 91% of neonates passed on both procedures, 4.5% passed only on transient evoked otoacoustic emissions, 0.5% passed only on distortion product otoacoustic emissions, and 4% failed on both procedures. The inferential analysis showed a significant strong positive relationship between the two procedures. Conclusion The failure rate was higher in distortion product otoacoustic emissions when compared with transient evoked; however, there was correlation between the results of the procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Cesar Silva
- Department of Speech Language and Hearing Therapy, UNESP-Marilia, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Ribas Delecrode
- Department of Speech Language and Hearing Therapy, UNESP-Marilia, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Tahara Kemp
- Department of Speech Language and Hearing Therapy, UNESP-Marilia, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Martins
- Department of Fonoaudiologia, Maternity "Gota de Leite," Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
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Kochanek KM, Śliwa LK, Puchacz K, Piłka A. Repeatability of transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions in young adults. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:36-43. [PMID: 25556878 PMCID: PMC4292768 DOI: 10.12659/msm.891365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to evaluate the repeatability and variability of TEOAE characteristics in hearing screening tests performed under practical conditions on normal subjects. Material/Methods A group of 11 young, normal-hearing subjects aged 19–24 years was tested. They were examined otologically and audiologically prior to the tests and no ear pathologies were found. Responses were acquired with a commercially available instrument (Integrity, Vivosonic Inc.) using a standardized OAE protocol. The TEOAE tests were repeated 3 times in each subject at random intervals within 24 h. The analyzed parameters of interest were: (i) whole wave reproducibility (WWR) and; (ii) signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Results WWR and SNR did not differ significantly among the 3 measurement sessions. In most cases the differences in WWR among measurements were around 1–2% and for SNRs they were 1–4 dB SNRs and were highest in the 1–2 kHz range. TEOAE-based tests can be useful tools for hearing screening. Conclusions The tests can give reliable results provided that adequate procedures are used and low-noise conditions are ensured. The tests are best complemented with other examinations to widen the range of ear pathologies able to be detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof M Kochanek
- Department of Experimental Audiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Lech K Śliwa
- Department of Experimental Audiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Klaudia Puchacz
- Department of Logopedics and Applied Linguistics, Marie-Curie University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Adam Piłka
- Department of Experimental Audiology, Institute of Physiology and Pathology of Hearing, Warsaw, Poland
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Audiologists regularly use serial monitoring to evaluate changes in a patient's auditory function over time. Observed changes are compared with reference standards to determine whether further clinical action is necessary. Reference standards are established in a control sample of otherwise healthy subjects to identify the range of auditory shifts that one might reasonably expect to occur in the absence of any pathological insult. Statistical approaches to this seemingly mundane problem typically invoke 1 of 3 approaches: percentiles of the cumulative distribution, the variance of observed shifts, and the "standard error of measurement." In this article, the authors describe the statistical foundation for these approaches, along with a mixed model-based alternative, and identify several necessary, although typically unacknowledged assumptions. Regression to the mean, the phenomenon of an unusual measurement typically followed by a more common one, can seriously bias observed changes in auditory function and clinical expectations. An approach that adjusts for this important effect is also described. DESIGN Distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) elicited at a single primary frequency, f2 of 3175 Hz, were collected from 32 healthy subjects at baseline and 19 to 29 days later. Ninety percent test-retest reference limits were computed from these data using each statistical approach. DPOAE shifts were also collected from a sample of 18 cisplatin patients tested after 120 to 200 mg of cisplatin. Reference limits established according to each of the statistical approaches in the healthy sample were used to identify clinically alarming DPOAE shifts in the cisplatin patient sample. RESULTS Reference limits established with any of the parametric methods were similar. The percentile-based approach gave the widest and least precisely estimated intervals. The highest sensitivity for detecting clinically alarming DPOAE shifts was based on a mixed model approach that adjusts for regression to the mean. CONCLUSIONS Parametric methods give similar serial monitoring criteria as long as certain critical assumptions are met by the data. The most flexible method for estimating test-retest limits is based on the linear mixed model. Clinical sensitivity may be further enhanced by adjusting for regression to the mean.
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Chen S, Deng J, Bian L, Li G. Stimulus frequency otoacoustic emissions evoked by swept tones. Hear Res 2013; 306:104-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2013.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Deng J, Chen S, Zeng X, Li G. Using a dynamic tracking filter to extract distortion-product otoacoustic emissions evoked with swept-tone signals. IEEE J Biomed Health Inform 2013; 18:1186-95. [PMID: 24132032 DOI: 10.1109/jbhi.2013.2285558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) are sound energy generated by healthy inner ears when stimulated by two tones. Since DPOAEs are physiologically related with the functional status of the inner ear, they have been widely used as a clinical tool in hearing screening and diagnoses. Currently, almost all DPOAEs recording systems use pure tones as the stimuli and can test only one frequency at a time, resulting in low efficiency and insufficient resolution. In this study, conventional pure tones were replaced by swept tones with time-varying frequencies to overcome the limitation of current DPOAEs measurements. A tracking filter with dynamic center frequencies was proposed to extract the swept-tone DPOAEs from recorded signals with stimulus artifacts and background noises. The results of this study showed that the dynamic tracking filter had great performance in effectively extracting the swept-tone DPOAEs under different noise conditions for both the simulation and experimental data. The spectrogram of the extracted swept-tone DPOAEs could provide useful information to examine the functional status of the inner ear and to identify the detailed frequency regions of the hearing loss. These preliminary findings suggested that the swept-tone DPOAEs might be useful for developing a more efficient and accurate tool for hearing loss screening in the clinic.
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Tringali S, Perrot X, Collet L, Moulin A. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: Hearing safety considerations. Brain Stimul 2012; 5:354-363. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2011.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Revised: 06/20/2011] [Accepted: 06/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Helleman HW, Dreschler WA. Overall versus individual changes for otoacoustic emissions and audiometry in a noise-exposed cohort. Int J Audiol 2012; 51:362-72. [DOI: 10.3109/14992027.2011.653447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Thorson MJ, Kopun JG, Neely ST, Tan H, Gorga MP. Reliability of distortion-product otoacoustic emissions and their relation to loudness. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2012; 131:1282-95. [PMID: 22352502 PMCID: PMC3292604 DOI: 10.1121/1.3672654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Revised: 11/17/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The reliability of distortion-product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) measurements and their relation to loudness measurements was examined in 16 normal-hearing subjects and 58 subjects with hearing loss. The level of the distortion product (L(d)) was compared across two sessions and resulted in correlations that exceeded 0.90. The reliability of DPOAEs was less when parameters from nonlinear fits to the input/output (I/O) functions were compared across visits. Next, the relationship between DPOAE I/O parameters and the slope of the low-level portion of the categorical loudness scaling (CLS) function (soft slope) was assessed. Correlations of 0.65, 0.74, and 0.81 at 1, 2, and 4 kHz were observed between CLS soft slope and combined DPOAE parameters. Behavioral threshold had correlations of 0.82, 0.83, and 0.88 at 1, 2, and 4 kHz with CLS soft slope. Combining DPOAEs and behavioral threshold provided little additional information. Lastly, a multivariate approach utilizing the entire DPOAE I/O function was used to predict the CLS rating for each input level (dB SPL). Standard error of the estimate when using this method ranged from 2.4 to 3.0 categorical units (CU), suggesting that DPOAE I/O functions can predict CLS measures within the CU step size used in this study (5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan J Thorson
- Boys Town National Research Hospital, 555 North 30th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68131, USA
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Valero MD, Ratnam R. Reliability of distortion-product otoacoustic emissions in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Hear Res 2011; 282:265-71. [PMID: 21801824 PMCID: PMC3445414 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2011.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2011] [Revised: 06/24/2011] [Accepted: 07/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This study examines the test-retest reliability of distortion-product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) in ketamine-anesthetized common marmosets (Callithrix jacchus). DPOAE gain functions were measured at 16 f(2)-frequencies between 3 and 24 kHz. Test-retest reliability was assessed at the following time intervals: (1) Interleaved, in which two gain functions were obtained at each frequency before advancing to the next frequency, (2) Immediate, wherein one gain function was collected at all f(2)-frequencies and the retest was immediately performed without removing the probe tip, (3) Short-term, in which the retest followed a 10-min period with the probe removed, and (4) Long-term, wherein the retest was performed at least one week after the initial test. Reliability was assessed using four correlation coefficients used in the literature. Test-retest reliability was best in the interleaved interval and worst in the short-term interval. In general, reliability was best when primary-tone levels were high. Correlation coefficients decreased at frequencies above 12-kHz in the short-term and long-term intervals, but the decrease was more substantial in females than in males in the long-term interval. At frequencies below 12 kHz, same-day measurements (2, 3) were less repeatable, regardless of whether the probe was removed, which may be due to time under anesthesia. These results have implications for DPOAE studies where repeated measures are required and when treatment or group differences are small.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle D Valero
- Department of Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
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