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Xie Y, Wang C. Herb-drug interactions between Panax notoginseng or its biologically active compounds and therapeutic drugs: A comprehensive pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 307:116156. [PMID: 36754189 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Herbs, along with the use of herb-drug interactions (HDIs) to combat diseases, are increasing in popularity worldwide. HDIs have two effects: favorable interactions that tend to improve therapeutic outcomes and/or minimize the toxic effects of drugs, and unfavorable interactions aggravating the condition of patients. Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F.H. Chen is a medicinal plant that has long been commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine to reduce swelling, relieve pain, clear blood stasis, and stop bleeding. Numerous studies have demonstrated the existence of intricate pharmacodynamic (PD) and pharmacokinetic (PK) interactions between P. notoginseng and conventional drugs. However, these HDIs have not been systematically summarized. AIM OF THE REVIEW To collect the available literature on the combined applications of P. notoginseng and drugs published from 2005 to 2022 and summarize the molecular mechanisms of interactions to circumvent the potential risks of combination therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS This work was conducted by searching PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and CNKI databases. The search terms included "notoginseng", "Sanqi", "drug interaction," "synergy/synergistic", "combination/combine", "enzyme", "CYP", and "transporter". RESULTS P. notoginseng and its bioactive ingredients interact synergistically with numerous drugs, including anticancer, antiplatelet, and antimicrobial agents, to surmount drug resistance and side effects. This review elaborates on the molecular mechanisms of the PD processed involved. P. notoginseng shapes the PK processes of the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of other drugs by regulating metabolic enzymes and transporters, mainly cytochrome P450 enzymes and P-glycoprotein. This effect is a red flag for drugs with a narrow therapeutic window. Notably, amphipathic saponins in P. notoginseng act as auxiliary materials in drug delivery systems to enhance drug solubility and absorption and represent a new entry point for studying interactions. CONCLUSION This article provides a comprehensive overview of HDIs by analyzing the results of the in vivo and in vitro studies on P. notoginseng and its bioactive components. The knowledge presented here offers a scientific guideline for investigating the clinical importance of combination therapies. Physicians and patients need information on possible interactions between P. notoginseng and other drugs, and this review can help them make scientific predictions regarding the consequences of combination treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Xie
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Changhong Wang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai R&D Centre for Standardization of Chinese Medicines, 1200 Cailun Road, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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2
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Li J, Li T, Li Z, Song Z, Gong X. Potential therapeutic effects of Chinese meteria medica in mitigating drug-induced acute kidney injury. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1153297. [PMID: 37077810 PMCID: PMC10106589 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1153297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug-induced acute kidney injury (DI-AKI) is one of the leading causes of kidney injury, is associated with high mortality and morbidity, and limits the clinical use of certain therapeutic or diagnostic agents, such as antineoplastic drugs, antibiotics, immunosuppressants, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and contrast media. In recent years, numerous studies have shown that many Chinese meteria medica, metabolites derived from botanical drugs, and Chinese medicinal formulas confer protective effects against DI-AKI by targeting a variety of cellular or molecular mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, inflammatory, cell necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy. This review summarizes the research status of common DI-AKI with Chinese meteria medica interventions, including cisplatin, gentamicin, contrast agents, methotrexate, and acetaminophen. At the same time, this review introduces the metabolites with application prospects represented by ginseng saponins, tetramethylpyrazine, panax notoginseng saponins, and curcumin. Overall, this review provides a reference for the development of promising nephroprotectants.
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3
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Alassaf N, Attia H. Autophagy and necroptosis in cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury: Recent advances regarding their role and therapeutic potential. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1103062. [PMID: 36794281 PMCID: PMC9922871 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1103062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP) is a broad-spectrum antineoplastic agent, used to treat many different types of malignancies due to its high efficacy and low cost. However, its use is largely limited by acute kidney injury (AKI), which, if left untreated, may progress to cause irreversible chronic renal dysfunction. Despite substantial research, the exact mechanisms of CP-induced AKI are still so far unclear and effective therapies are lacking and desperately needed. In recent years, necroptosis, a novel subtype of regulated necrosis, and autophagy, a form of homeostatic housekeeping mechanism have witnessed a burgeoning interest owing to their potential to regulate and alleviate CP-induced AKI. In this review, we elucidate in detail the molecular mechanisms and potential roles of both autophagy and necroptosis in CP-induced AKI. We also explore the potential of targeting these pathways to overcome CP-induced AKI according to recent advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Alassaf
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,*Correspondence: Noha Alassaf,
| | - Hala Attia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,Department of Biochemistry, College of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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4
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Expression of ER stress markers (GRP78 and PERK) in experimental nephrotoxicity induced by cisplatin and gentamicin: roles of inflammatory response and oxidative stress. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 396:789-801. [PMID: 36482225 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-022-02358-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to establish the relationship between two endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress proteins, glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78/BiP) and PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), and oxidative stress markers in cisplatin (CIS)-induced and gentamicin (GEN)-induced nephrotoxicity.The study consisted of five groups: control (saline solution only), CIS D2 (2.5 mg/kg for 2 days), CIS D7 (2.5 mg/kg for 7 days), GEN D2 (160 mg/kg for 2 days), and GEN D7 (160 mg/kg for 7 days). All rats were sacrificed 24 h after the last injection for standard clinical chemistry, and ultrastructural and histological evaluation of the kidney.CIS and GEN increased blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine (Cr) levels, as well as total oxidant status (TOS), while decreasing total antioxidant status (TAS) level in CIS D7 and GEN D7 groups. Histopathological and ultrastructural findings were also consistent with renal tubular damage. In addition, expression of markers of renal inflammation (tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β)) and ER stress markers (GRP78 and PERK) was significantly increased in the kidney tissue of rats treated with CIS and GEN for 7 days.These findings suggest that CIS and GEN administration for 7 days aggravates nephrotoxicity through the enhancement of oxidative stress, inflammation, and ER stress-related markers. As a result, the recommended course of action is to utilize CIS and GEN as an immediate but brief induction therapy, stopping after 3 days and switching to other drugs instead.
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5
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Peng JF, Salami OM, Habimana O, Xie YX, Yao H, Yi GH. Targeted Mitochondrial Drugs for Treatment of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:1526-1536. [PMID: 36100990 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220913121422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a complex hemodynamic pathology that is a leading cause of death worldwide and occurs in many body organs. Numerous studies have shown that mitochondria play an important role in the occurrence mechanism of ischemia-reperfusion injury and that mitochondrial structural abnormalities and dysfunction lead to the disruption of the homeostasis of the whole mitochondria. At this time, mitochondria are not just sub-organelles to produce ATP but also important targets for regulating ischemia-reperfusion injury; therefore, drugs targeting mitochondria can serve as a new strategy to treat ischemia-reperfusion injury. Based on this view, in this review, we discuss potential therapeutic agents for both mitochondrial structural abnormalities and mitochondrial dysfunction, highlighting the application and prospects of targeted mitochondrial drugs in the treatment of ischemia-reperfusion injury, and try to provide new ideas for the clinical treatment of the ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Fu Peng
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | | | - Olive Habimana
- International College, University of South China, 28 W Chang-sheng Road, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Yu-Xin Xie
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Guang-Hui Yi
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
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Zhu T, Wang L, Wang LP, Wan Q. Therapeutic targets of neuroprotection and neurorestoration in ischemic stroke: Applications for natural compounds from medicinal herbs. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 148:112719. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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7
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Khedr M, Barakat N, Mohey El-Deen I, Zahran F. Impact of preconditioning stem cells with all-trans retinoic acid signaling pathway on cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by down-regulation of TGFβ1, IL-6, and caspase-3 and up-regulation of HIF1α and VEGF. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:831-839. [PMID: 35197751 PMCID: PMC8848137 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival reduction after transplantation limited the clinical uses of stem cells so the current study explored preconditioning adipose-derived stem cells (ADMSCs) and all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) effects on cisplatin that caused acute kidney injury (AKI). One hundred and fifty Sprague–Dawley male rats were distributed into five groups: control group; Cisplatin (CIS) group; CIS and ATRA group; CIS and ADMSC group, and CIS, ATRA, and ADMSCs group. Ten rats were euthanized after 3rd, 7th, and 11th days from CIS injection. Renal function, molecular studies, and histopathological analysis were studied. The preconditioning of ADMSCs with ATRA increased the viability of the cells which was reflected in the amelioration of kidney functions after CIS injection by the significant reduction of serum creatinine, microalbuminuria, as well as NO, and the significant rise of creatinine clearance, as well as SOD compared to the group of cisplatin. ATRA also supported ADMSCs by a significant down-regulation of caspase-3, il-6 and TGFβ1, and a significant up-regulation of HIF1, VEGF and CD31 compared to group of cisplatin which reversed the cisplatin effect. ATRA increased renoprotective properties of ADMSCs against cisplatin- induced AKI by reducing the apoptosis, inflammation, and stimulating angiogenesis.
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8
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Zhang K, Sun C, Hu Y, Yang J, Wu C. Network pharmacology reveals pharmacological effect and mechanism of Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen on reproductive and genetic toxicity in male mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 270:113792. [PMID: 33422656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cisplatin (CP), one of the most commonly used antitumor drugs in clinic, could induce reproductive and genetic toxicity. Traditional Chinese medicine believed that this side effect might be caused by the deficiency of both qi and blood. Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen (PN) is a traditional precious Chinese medicine for nourishing blood and hemostasis, which had the synergistic antitumor and reducing toxicity effects. However, the protective effect and mechanism of PN on CP-induced reproductive and genetic toxicity were still unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY This study was designed to illuminate the possible protective effect and mechanism of PN on CP-induced reproductive and genetic toxicity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Network pharmacology was first applied to analyze the potential components and targets of PN against CP-induced reproductive and genetic toxicity. Then, the results of network pharmacology were validated in a mouse model of reproductive and genotoxicity induced by CP. Body weight, testis weight, epididymis weight, sperm count, sperm viability and sperm morphology were used to assess protective effects of PN on CP-induced reproductive toxicity. Tail moment in peripheral blood cells and micronucleus in bone marrow cells were used to assess protective effects of PN on CP-induced genetic toxicity. Finally, possible protective targets obtained from network pharmacology, including 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), were experimentally validated by ELISA. RESULTS One hundred and nineteen components of PN and sixty-eight targets of reproductive/genetic toxicity were acquired and constituted as the component-target network. Network pharmacology analysis showed alleviating oxidative stress might play important role in therapeutic mechanism of PN. In verified experiments, PN significantly improved the decline of body weight, testis weight and epididymis weight, increased sperm count and viability, decreased abnormal sperm morphology rate induced by CP in mice. Moreover, PN also significantly decreased the tail moment in peripheral blood cells and micronucleus formation rate in bone marrow cells in CP-induced mice. Finally, not only the decrease of T-SOD and GSH-Px level but also the increase of 8-OHdG and MDA level in serum were restored under PN treatment. CONCLUSION Current study found that PN could improve CP-induced reproductive and genetic toxicity, which were probably attributed to alleviating oxidative stress. This finding provided the new perspective for understanding the therapeutic effect of PN on CP-induced reproductive and genetic toxicity and facilitating the clinical use of PN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China.
| | - Chunfu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 110016, Shenyang, PR China.
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9
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Zhao M, Yu Y, Wang R, Chang M, Ma S, Qu H, Zhang Y. Mechanisms and Efficacy of Chinese Herbal Medicines in Chronic Kidney Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 11:619201. [PMID: 33854427 PMCID: PMC8039908 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.619201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As the current treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is limited, it is necessary to seek more effective and safer treatment methods, such as Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs). In order to clarify the modern theoretical basis and molecular mechanisms of CHMs, we reviewed the knowledge based on publications in peer-reviewed English-language journals, focusing on the anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, anti-apoptotic, autophagy-mediated and antifibrotic effects of CHMs commonly used in kidney disease. We also discussed recently published clinical trials and meta-analyses in this field. Based on recent studies regarding the mechanisms of kidney disease in vivo and in vitro, CHMs have anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, anti-apoptotic, autophagy-mediated, and antifibrotic effects. Several well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses demonstrated that the use of CHMs as an adjuvant to conventional medicines may benefit patients with CKD. Unknown active ingredients, low quality and small sample sizes of some clinical trials, and the safety of CHMs have restricted the development of CHMs. CHMs is a potential method in the treatment of CKD. Further study on the mechanism and well-conducted RCTs are urgently needed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CHMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yu
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Rumeng Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meiying Chang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Sijia Ma
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Qu
- Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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10
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Liang T, Wei C, Lu S, Qin M, Qin G, Zhang Y, Zhong X, Zou X, Yang Y. Ginaton injection alleviates cisplatin-induced renal interstitial fibrosis in rats via inhibition of apoptosis through regulation of the p38MAPK/TGF-β1 and p38MAPK/HIF-1α pathways. Biomed Rep 2021; 14:38. [PMID: 33692901 PMCID: PMC7938297 DOI: 10.3892/br.2021.1414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginaton injection (Ginkgo biloba extract; GBE) has been reported to protect against cisplatin-induced acute renal failure in rats. In the present study, the effects and molecular mechanisms of GBE on cisplatin-induced renal interstitial fibrosis were evaluated using a rat model. The rats were intraperitoneally injected with cisplatin once on the first day and a subset of rats were treated with GBE or SB203580 (SB; a specific p38 MAPK inhibitor) daily from days 22 to 40. The levels of N-acetyl-β-D-Glucosaminidase (NAG) in the urine, and of urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Scr) in the blood were assessed. The damage and fibrosis of renal tissues were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining, as well as Masson's trichrome staining, respectively. Apoptosis in renal tissues was detected using a TUNEL assay. The protein expression levels of α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), collagen 1 (Col I), Bax, Bcl-2, caspase-3/cleaved caspase-3, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), TGF-β1 and p38MAPK, as well as the mRNA levels of p38MAPK in renal tissues were investigated. The results showed that GBE markedly reduced the levels of urinary NAG, Scr and BUN, and renal expression of α-SMA and Col I levels were also reduced. Furthermore, GBE significantly reduced renal tissue injury and the relative area of renal interstitial fibrosis induced by cisplatin. GBE effectively reduced the apoptotic rate of renal tissues, the protein expression levels of Bax, cleaved caspase-3, phospho-p38MAPK, TGF-β1 and HIF-1α, as well as the mRNA expression levels of p38MAPK in renal tissues induced by cisplatin, whereas GBE significantly increased Bcl-2 protein expression. SB exhibited similar effects to GBE, although it was not as effective. In summary, the present study is the first to show that GBE significantly alleviated renal interstitial fibrosis following cisplatin-induced acute renal injury. The mechanisms by which GBE exhibited its effects were associated with the inhibition of apoptosis via downregulation of the p38MAPK/TGF-β1 and p38MAPK/HIF-1α signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taolin Liang
- Postgraduate Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Chongying Wei
- Postgraduate Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Sisi Lu
- Postgraduate Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Mengyuan Qin
- Postgraduate Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Guiming Qin
- Postgraduate Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yansong Zhang
- Postgraduate Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobin Zhong
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqin Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
| | - Yufang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
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11
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Han B, He C. Targeting autophagy using saponins as a therapeutic and preventive strategy against human diseases. Pharmacol Res 2021; 166:105428. [PMID: 33540047 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a ubiquitous mechanism for maintaining cellular homeostasis through the degradation of long-lived proteins, insoluble protein aggregates, and superfluous or damaged organelles. Dysfunctional autophagy is observed in a variety of human diseases. With advanced research into the role that autophagy plays in physiological and pathological conditions, targeting autophagy is becoming a novel tactic for disease management. Saponins are naturally occurring glycosides containing triterpenoids or steroidal sapogenins as aglycones, and some saponins are reported to modulate autophagy. Research suggests that saponins may have therapeutic and preventive efficacy against many autophagy-related diseases. Therefore, this review comprehensively summarizes and discusses the reported saponins that exhibit autophagy regulating activities. In addition, the relevant signaling pathways that the mechanisms involved in regulating autophagy and the targeted diseases were also discussed. By regulating autophagy and related pathways, saponins exhibit bioactivities against cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, atherosclerosis and other cardiac diseases, kidney diseases, liver diseases, acute pancreatitis, and osteoporosis. This review provides an overview of the autophagy-regulating activity of saponins, the underlying mechanisms and potential applications for managing various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China
| | - Chengwei He
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macao SAR, 999078, China.
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12
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Wang F, Roh YS. Mitochondrial connection to ginsenosides. Arch Pharm Res 2020; 43:1031-1045. [PMID: 33113096 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-020-01279-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play an essential role in energy synthesis and supply, thereby maintaining cellular function, survival, and energy homeostasis via mitochondria-mediated pathways, including apoptosis and mitophagy. Ginsenosides are responsible for most immunological and pharmacological activities of ginseng, a highly beneficial herb with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and neuroprotective properties. Studies have shown that ginsenosides assist in regulating mitochondrial energy metabolism, oxidative stress, biosynthesis, apoptosis, mitophagy, and the status of membrane channels, establishing mitochondria as one of their most important targets. This article reviews the regulatory effects of ginsenosides on the mitochondria and highlights their beneficial role in treating mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, South Korea
| | - Yoon Seok Roh
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Medical Research Center, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, 28160, South Korea.
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13
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Folayan A, Akani E, Adebayo OA, Akanni OO, Owumi SE, Tijani AS, Adaramoye OA. Ameliorative effects of hexane extract of Garcinia kola seeds Heckel (Clusiaceae) in cisplatin-induced hepatorenal toxicity in mice. Drug Chem Toxicol 2020; 45:1098-1108. [DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2020.1808671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adeniyi Folayan
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, University of Ibadan College of Medicine, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Emmanuel Akani
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, University of Ibadan College of Medicine, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olayinka A. Adebayo
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, University of Ibadan College of Medicine, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olubukola O. Akanni
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, University of Ibadan College of Medicine, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Solomon E. Owumi
- Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Oluwatosin A. Adaramoye
- Drug Metabolism and Toxicology Research Laboratories, University of Ibadan College of Medicine, Ibadan, Nigeria
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14
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Panax Notoginseng Saponins Attenuate Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury Through the HIF-1α/BNIP3 Pathway of Autophagy. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2020; 73:92-99. [PMID: 30531436 DOI: 10.1097/fjc.0000000000000640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Panax Notoginseng Saponins (PNS) is a formula of Chinese medicine commonly used for treating ischemia myocardial in China. However, its mechanism of action is yet unclear. This study investigated the effect and the mechanism of PNS on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) through the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α)/bcl-2/adenovirus E1B19kDa-interacting protein3 (BNIP3) pathway of autophagy. METHODS We constructed a rat model of myocardial injury and compared among 4 groups (n = 10, each): the sham-operated group (Sham), the ischemia-reperfusion group (IR), the PNS low-dose group, and the PNS high-dose group were pretreated with PNS (30 and 60 mg/kg, respectively). Serum creatine kinase, malonaldehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase, myocardial tissue superoxide dismutase, and reactive oxygen species were detected in rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion after the intervention of PNS. The rat myocardial tissue was examined using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, and the mitochondria of myocardial cells were observed using transmission electron microscopy. The expressions of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3), HIF-1α, BNIP3, Beclin-1, and autophagy-related gene-5 (Atg5) in rat myocardial tissue were detected using Western blotting. RESULTS The results showed that PNS was significantly protected against MIRI, as evidenced by the decreasing in the concentration of serum CK, MDA, lactate dehydrogenase, and myocardial tissue superoxide dismutase, reactive oxygen species, the attenuation of myocardial tissue histopathological changes and the mitochondrial damages of myocardial cells, and the increase of mitochondria autophagosome in myocardial cells. In addition, PNS significantly increased the expression of LC3 and the ratio of LC3II/LC3I in rat myocardial tissue. Moreover, PNS significantly increased the expression of HIF-1α, BNIP3, Atg5, and Beclin-1 in rat myocardial tissue. CONCLUSIONS The protective effect of PNS on MIRI was mainly due to its ability to enhance the mitochondrial autophagy of myocardial tissue through the HIF-1α/BNIP3 pathway.
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Li Q, Liang X, Yang Y, Zeng X, Zhong X, Huang C. Panax notoginseng saponins ameliorate cisplatin-induced mitochondrial injury via the HIF-1α/mitochondria/ROS pathway. FEBS Open Bio 2019; 10:118-126. [PMID: 31715069 PMCID: PMC6943232 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin is a major antineoplastic drug that is used to treat solid tumors, but its use is restricted by its nephrotoxicity. Such cisplatin‐induced nephrotoxicity (CIN) is believed to occur primarily through mitochondrial damage and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Our previous studies have indicated that Panax notoginseng saponins (PNSs) mitigate CIN by enhancing hypoxia‐inducible factor 1α (HIF‐1α)‐induced mitochondrial autophagy. In this study, the role of the HIF‐1α/mitochondria/ROS pathway in PNSs protection against CIN was investigated using a rat model. A CIN model was generated by giving rats intraperitoneal injections with cisplatin (a single dose) and then treating them with or without 2‐methoxyestradiol (HIF‐1α inhibitor) and PNSs. We then measured ROS levels, superoxide dismutase, glutathione, catalase malondialdehyde and nitric oxide (to evaluate oxidative stress) and ATP, mitochondrial membrane potential and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening (to evaluate mitochondrial function) in kidneys at different time points. We observed that PNSs remarkably reduced the levels of ROS, malondialdehyde and nitric oxide, as well as the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore, which is increased by cisplatin and further increased by HIF‐1α inhibition. In addition, PNSs increased the levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione, as well as ATP and mitochondrial membrane potential in renal tissues; these are all reduced by cisplatin and further reduced by HIF‐1α inhibition. In conclusion, we demonstrate here that PNSs protects against mitochondrial damage induced by cisplatin through HIF‐1α/mitochondria/ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xueyan Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yufang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xian Zeng
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhong
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Chun Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Qiu Y, Huang X, He W. The regulatory role of HIF-1 in tubular epithelial cells in response to kidney injury. Histol Histopathol 2019; 35:321-330. [PMID: 31691948 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The high sensitivity to changes in oxygen tension makes kidney vulnerable to hypoxia. Both acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease are almost always accompanied by hypoxia. Tubular epithelial cells (TECs), the dominant intrinsic cells in kidney tissue, are believed to be not only a victim in the pathological process of various kidney diseases, but also a major contributor to kidney damage. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is the main regulator of adaptive response of cells to hypoxia. Under various clinical and experimental kidney disease conditions, HIF-1 plays a pivotal role in modulating multiple cellular processes in TECs, including apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, metabolic pattern alteration, and cell cycle arrest. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms by which HIF-1 regulates these cellular processes in TECs may help identify potential therapeutic targets to improve the outcome of acute kidney injury and delay the progression of chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumei Qiu
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaowen Huang
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weichun He
- Center for Kidney Disease, Second Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Li HD, Meng XM, Huang C, Zhang L, Lv XW, Li J. Application of Herbal Traditional Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Acute Kidney Injury. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:376. [PMID: 31057404 PMCID: PMC6482429 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a rapid loss of renal function, which may further develop into chronic kidney damage (CKD) or even end-stage renal disease (ESRD). AKI is a global health problem associated with high morbidity and costly treatments, and there is no specific or effective strategy to treat AKI. In recent years, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has attracted more attention, with lines of evidence showing that application of TCM improved AKI, and the mechanisms of action for some TCMs have been well illustrated. However, reviews summarizing the progress in this field are still lacking. In this paper, we reviewed TCM preparations and TCM monomers in the treatment of AKI over the last 10 years, describing their renal protective effects and mechanisms of action, including alleviating inflammation, programmed cell death, necrosis, and reactive oxygen species. By focusing on the mechanisms of TCMs to improve renal function, we provide effective complementary evidence to promote the development of TCMs to treat AKI. Moreover, we also summarized TCMs with nephrotoxicity, which provides a more comprehensive understanding of TCMs in the treatment of AKI. This review may provide a theoretical basis for the clinical application of TCMs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Di Li
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Meng
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiong-Wen Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Li
- The Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Institute for Liver Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Bioactivity of Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Jun Li, ;
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Liang X, Yang Y, Huang Z, Zhou J, Li Y, Zhong X. Panax notoginseng saponins mitigate cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity by inducing mitophagy via HIF-1α. Oncotarget 2017; 8:102989-103003. [PMID: 29262539 PMCID: PMC5732705 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the role of HIF-1α in the mitigation of cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) in a rat model. Serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) levels were all elevated in cisplatin treated rats. PNS reduced Scr, BUN and NAG levels in the presence or absence of the HIF-1α inhibitor 2-methoxyestradiol (2ME2). PNS also reduced the high tubular injury scores, which corresponded to renal tubular damage in cisplatin-treated rats and which were exacerbated by 2ME2. Renal tissues from PNS-treated rats showed increased HIF-1α mRNA and nuclear localized HIF-1α protein. Moreover, PNS treatment increased BNIP3 mRNA as well as LC3-II, BNIP3 and Beclin-1 proteins and the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio in rat renal tissues. This suggested that PNS treatment enhanced HIF-1α, which in turn increased autophagy. This was confirmed in transmission electron micrographs of renal tissues that showed autophagosomes in PNS-treated renal tissues. These findings demonstrate that PNS mitigates cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity by enhancing mitophagy via a HIF-1α/BNIP3/Beclin-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyan Liang
- Postgraduate, Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yufang Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhenguang Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinling Zhou
- Postgraduate, Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Yue'e Li
- Postgraduate, Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhong
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Gu L, Shi H, Zhang R, Wei Z, Bi KS, Chen XH. Simultaneous Determination of Five Specific and Sensitive Nephrotoxicity Biomarkers in Serum and Urine Samples of Four Drug-Induced Kidney Injury Models. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 55:60-68. [PMID: 27993865 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In clinical diagnosis, serum creatinine (CR) was commonly used as the routine markers for the evaluation of kidney injury. To investigate the specific and sensitive nephrotoxicity biomarkers in different drug-induced kidney injury (DKI) models, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied in this study. The quantification data were acquired by the LC-MS determination. Histopathology results showed that different kinds of kidney injuries were observed in different DKI models (gentamycin, cisplatin, methotrexate and amphotericin B models), indicating the injuries might be caused by different mechanisms. Then, five typical biomarkers were simultaneously determined by a newly developed and validated LC-MS method. Uric acid, CR, hippuric acid, 3-indoxyl sulfate and phenaceturic acid were separated by an Apollo C18 column and a methanol/water (5 mM ammonium acetate) gradient program. The prepared calibration curves showed good linearity with regression coefficients all above 0.9927. Of all the analytes, the precision were below 9.9% and the accuracy were from -10.3% to 9.2%. ROC results showed that different nephrotoxicity biomarkers were specific in different DKI models. The changes of different biomarkers might be induced by different nephrotoxic mechanisms in the DKI models. These specific and sensitive biomarkers in combination with serum CR are promising in the clinical diagnosis of DKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Gu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Huiyan Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ruowen Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Stem Cell Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 777 Shelby interdisciplinary biomedical building, 1825 university boulevard, Birmingham, AL 35294-2182, USA
| | - Zhe Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Kai-Shun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
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Adaramoye OA, Azeez AF, Ola-Davies OE. Ameliorative Effects of Chloroform Fraction of Cocos nucifera L. Husk Fiber Against Cisplatin-induced Toxicity in Rats. Pharmacognosy Res 2016; 8:89-96. [PMID: 27034598 PMCID: PMC4780144 DOI: 10.4103/0974-8490.172658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cisplatin (Cis) is used in the treatment of solid tumors and is known to elicit serious side effects. Objective: The present study investigated the protective effects of chloroform fraction of Cocos nucifera husk fiber (CFCN) against Cis-induced organs’ damage and chromosomal defect in rats. Quercetin (QUE), standard antioxidant, served as positive control. Materials and Methods: Thirty male Wistar rats were assigned into six groups and treated with corn oil (control), Cis alone, Cis + CFCN, CFCN alone, Cis + QUE, and QUE alone. QUE and CFCN were given at 50 and 200 mg/kg/day, respectively, by oral gavage for 7 days before the rats were exposed to a single dose of Cis (10 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) at the last 36 h of study. Results: Administration of Cis alone caused a significant (P < 0.05) increase in the levels of serum creatinine and urea by 72% and 70%, respectively, when compared with the control. The activity of serum aspartate aminotransferase was significantly (P < 0.05) increased while alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were insignificantly (P > 0.05) affected in Cis-treated rats. Furthermore, the activities of hepatic and renal catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione S-transferase, glutathione peroxidase, and levels of reduced glutathione were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in Cis-treated rats with concomitant elevation of malondialdehyde. Cis exposure increased the frequency of micro nucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (mPCE) by 92%. Pretreatment with CFCN inhibited lipid peroxidation, enhanced the activities of some antioxidative enzymes and reduced the frequency of mPCE. Conclusions: Chloroform fraction of CFCN may protect against organs damage by Cis. Further studies are required to determine the component of the plant responsible for this activity. SUMMARY Cisplatin (Cis) is used in the treatment of solid tumors and is known to elicit serious side effects. This study investigated the protective effects of chloroform fraction of Cocos nucifera husk fiber (CFCN) against Cis-induced organs’ damage while quercetin (QUE) served as standard antioxidant. Thirty male Wistar rats were assigned into six groups and treated with corn oil (Control), Cis alone, Cis + CFCN, CFCN alone, Cis + QUE and QUE alone. QUE and CFCN were given at 50 and 200 mg/kg/day respectively by oral gavage for seven days before the rats were exposed to a single dose of Cis (10mg/kg, i.p.) at the last 36 h of study. Results indicate that administration of Cis caused a significant (P<0.05) increase in the levels of serum creatinine and urea by 72% and 70% respectively. The activity of serum aspartate aminotransferase was significantly (P <0.05) increased while alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were insignificantly (P>0.05) affected in Cis-treated rats. The activities of hepatic and renal catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione-s-transferase, glutathione peroxidase and levels of reduced glutathione were significantly (P<0.05) decreased in Cis-treated rats with concomitant elevation of malondialdehyde. Cis exposure increased the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (mPCE) by 92%. Pretreatment with CFCN inhibited lipid peroxidation, enhanced the activities of some antioxidative enzymes and reduced the frequency of mPCE. The findings suggest that CFCN may protect against organs damage by cisplatin. Further studies are required to determine the component of the plant responsible for this activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Adesola Fausat Azeez
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Olufunke Elizabeth Ola-Davies
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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