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Xu S, Mo D, Rizvi FZ, Rosa JP, Ruiz J, Tan S, Tweten RK, Leong JM, Adams W. Pore-forming activity of S. pneumoniae pneumolysin disrupts the paracellular localization of the epithelial adherens junction protein E-cadherin. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0021323. [PMID: 37607057 PMCID: PMC10501216 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00213-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae, a common cause of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia, can cross the respiratory epithelial barrier to cause lethal septicemia and meningitis. S. pneumoniae pore-forming toxin pneumolysin (PLY) triggers robust neutrophil (PMN) infiltration that promotes bacterial transepithelial migration in vitro and disseminated disease in mice. Apical infection of polarized respiratory epithelial monolayers by S. pneumoniae at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 20 resulted in recruitment of PMNs, loss of 50% of the monolayer, and PMN-dependent bacterial translocation. Reducing the MOI to 2 decreased PMN recruitment two-fold and preserved the monolayer, but apical-to-basolateral translocation of S. pneumoniae remained relatively efficient. At both MOI of 2 and 20, PLY was required for maximal PMN recruitment and bacterial translocation. Co-infection by wild-type S. pneumoniae restored translocation by a PLY-deficient mutant, indicating that PLY can act in trans. Investigating the contribution of S. pneumoniae infection on apical junction complexes in the absence of PMN transmigration, we found that S. pneumoniae infection triggered the cleavage and mislocalization of the adherens junction (AJ) protein E-cadherin. This disruption was PLY-dependent at MOI of 2 and was recapitulated by purified PLY, requiring its pore-forming activity. In contrast, at MOI of 20, E-cadherin disruption was independent of PLY, indicating that S. pneumoniae encodes multiple means to disrupt epithelial integrity. This disruption was insufficient to promote bacterial translocation in the absence of PMNs. Thus, S. pneumoniae triggers cleavage and mislocalization of E-cadherin through PLY-dependent and -independent mechanisms, but maximal bacterial translocation across epithelial monolayers requires PLY-dependent neutrophil transmigration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuying Xu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Program in Immunology, Tufts Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Devons Mo
- Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, San Jose, California, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Fatima Z. Rizvi
- Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, San Jose, California, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Santa Cruz, California, USA
| | - Juan P. Rosa
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- University of Puerto Rico, Cayey, USA
| | - Jorge Ruiz
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Francisco de Vitoria University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Shumin Tan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rodney K. Tweten
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, Oklahoma, USA
| | - John M. Leong
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Stuart B. Levy Center for Integrated Management of Antimicrobial Resistance at Tufts (Levy CIMAR), Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Walter Adams
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, San Jose State University, San Jose, California, USA
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São José C, Pereira C, Ferreira M, André A, Osório H, Gullo I, Carneiro F, Oliveira C. 3D Chromatin Architecture Re-Wiring at the CDH3/CDH1 Loci Contributes to E-Cadherin to P-Cadherin Expression Switch in Gastric Cancer. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:803. [PMID: 37372088 DOI: 10.3390/biology12060803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Cadherins are cell-cell adhesion molecules, fundamental for cell architecture and polarity. E-cadherin to P-cadherin switch can rescue adherens junctions in epithelial tumours. Herein, we disclose a mechanism for E-cadherin to P-cadherin switch in gastric cancers. CDH1 and CDH3 mRNA expression was obtained from 42 gastric tumours' RNA-seq data. CRISPR-Cas9 was used to knock out CDH1 and a putative regulatory element. CDH1-depleted and parental cells were submitted to proteomics and enrichment GO terms analysis; ATAC-seq/4C-seq with a CDH1 promoter viewpoint to assess chromatin accessibility and conformation; and RT-PCR/flow cytometry to assess CDH1/E-cadherin and CDH3/P-cadherin expression. In 42% of gastric tumours analysed, CDH1 to CDH3 switch was observed. CDH1 knockout triggered CDH1/E-cadherin complete loss and CDH3/P-cadherin expression increase at plasma membrane. This switch, likely rescuing adherens junctions, increased cell migration/proliferation, commonly observed in aggressive tumours. E- to P-cadherin switch accompanied increased CDH1 promoter interactions with CDH3-eQTL, absent in normal stomach and parental cells. CDH3-eQTL deletion promotes CDH3/CDH1 reduced expression. These data provide evidence that loss of CDH1/E-cadherin expression alters the CDH3 locus chromatin conformation, allowing a CDH1 promoter interaction with a CDH3-eQTL, and promoting CDH3/P-cadherin expression. These data highlight a novel mechanism triggering E- to P-cadherin switch in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celina São José
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Doctoral Programme in Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Pereira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Ferreira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Doctoral Program in Computer Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana André
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Osório
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Irene Gullo
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Fátima Carneiro
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Pathology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Oliveira
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology of the University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
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3
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Mohamadali M, Ghiaseddin A, Irani S, Amirkhani MA, Dahmardehei M. Design and evaluation of a skin-on-a-chip pumpless microfluidic device. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8861. [PMID: 37258538 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34796-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of microfluidic culture technology facilitates the progress of study of cell and tissue biology. This technology expands the understanding of pathological and physiological changes. A skin chip, as in vitro model, consisting of normal skin tissue with epidermis and dermis layer (full thickness) was developed. Polydimethylsiloxane microchannels with a fed-batched controlled perfusion feeding system were used to create a full-thick ex-vivo human skin on-chip model. The design of a novel skin-on-a-chip model was reported, in which the microchannel structures mimic the architecture of the realistic vascular network as nutrients transporter to the skin layers. Viabilities of full-thick skin samples cultured on the microbioreactor and traditional tissue culture plate revealed that a precise controlled condition provided by the microfluidic enhanced tissue viability at least for seven days. Several advantages in skin sample features under micro-scale-controlled conditions were found such as skin mechanical strength, water adsorption, skin morphology, gene expression, and biopsy longevity. This model can provide an in vitro environment for localizing drug delivery and transdermal drug diffusion studies. The skin on the chip can be a valuable in vitro model for representing the interaction between drugs and skin tissue and a realistic platform for evaluating skin reaction to pharmaceutical materials and cosmetic products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marjan Mohamadali
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Ghiaseddin
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Institute for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Shiva Irani
- Department of Biology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mostafa Dahmardehei
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ma X, Xiao L, Wen SJ, Yu T, Sharma S, Chung HK, Warner B, Mallard CG, Rao JN, Gorospe M, Wang J. Small noncoding vault RNA2-1 disrupts gut epithelial barrier function via interaction with HuR. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e54925. [PMID: 36440604 PMCID: PMC9900329 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202254925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vault RNAs (vtRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs and highly expressed in many eukaryotes. Here, we identified vtRNA2-1 as a novel regulator of the intestinal barrier via interaction with RNA-binding protein HuR. Intestinal mucosal tissues from patients with inflammatory bowel diseases and from mice with colitis or sepsis express increased levels of vtRNAs relative to controls. Ectopically expressed vtRNA2-1 decreases the levels of intercellular junction (IJ) proteins claudin 1, occludin, and E-cadherin and causes intestinal epithelial barrier dysfunction in vitro, whereas vtRNA2-1 silencing promotes barrier function. Increased vtRNA2-1 also decreases IJs in intestinal organoid, inhibits epithelial renewal, and causes Paneth cell defects ex vivo. Elevating the levels of tissue vtRNA2-1 in the intestinal mucosa increases the vulnerability of the gut barrier to septic stress in mice. vtRNA2-1 interacts with HuR and prevents HuR binding to claudin 1 and occludin mRNAs, thus decreasing their translation. These results indicate that vtRNA2-1 impairs intestinal barrier function by repressing HuR-facilitated translation of claudin 1 and occludin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang‐Xue Ma
- Cell Biology Group, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- Present address:
Department of Gastroenterology, Xiyuan HospitalChina Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Lan Xiao
- Cell Biology Group, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Susan J Wen
- Cell Biology Group, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Ting‐Xi Yu
- Cell Biology Group, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Cell Biology Group, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Hee K Chung
- Cell Biology Group, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Bridgette Warner
- Cell Biology Group, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Caroline G Mallard
- Cell Biology Group, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Jaladanki N Rao
- Cell Biology Group, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- Baltimore Veterans Affairs Medical CenterBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Myriam Gorospe
- Laboratory of Genetics and GenomicsNational Institute on Aging‐IRP, NIHBaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Jian‐Ying Wang
- Cell Biology Group, Department of SurgeryUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
- Laboratory of Genetics and GenomicsNational Institute on Aging‐IRP, NIHBaltimoreMDUSA
- Department of PathologyUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMDUSA
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Kielbik M, Szulc-Kielbik I, Klink M. E-Cadherin Expression in Relation to Clinicopathological Parameters and Survival of Patients with Epithelial Ovarian Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214383. [PMID: 36430858 PMCID: PMC9695266 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It is generally accepted that loss/reduction of E-cadherin expression on tumor cells promotes their migration, invasiveness, and metastasis. It is also an indicator of cancer cells' aggressiveness. The aim of this study was to assess how the expression of E-cadherin varies in primary ovarian cancer tissue in regard to overall survival of patients; FIGO stage; grade; histopathological type of tumor; and potential factors discriminating malignant and nonmalignant ovarian tumors. Our analysis was based on literature research (1 January 2000-8 November 2021) conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines. Most studies support the assumption that loss/reduced expression of E-cadherin results in shorter overall survival of EOC patients. Moreover, most research has shown that there is a correlation between the low level of E-cadherin and the advancement stage of disease, especially in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma type. However, E-cadherin expression seems to not be helpful to distinguish malignant and nonmalignant tumors. In conclusion, reduced E-cadherin expression in primary ovarian cancer tissue may indicate a less favorable disease outcome and is associated with high advancement of the disease.
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Yamamoto T, Kohashi K, Yamada Y, Kawata J, Sakihama K, Matsuda R, Koga Y, Aishima S, Nakamura M, Oda Y. Relationship between cellular morphology and abnormality of SWI/SNF complex subunits in pancreatic undifferentiated carcinoma. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2022; 148:2945-2957. [PMID: 34817661 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-021-03860-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pancreatic undifferentiated carcinoma (UDC) is a rare tumor with a worse prognosis than pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Recent study showed that UDC exhibits loss of SMARCB1, which is one of the subunits of the SWI/SNF complex. However, whether there are abnormalities of other SWI/SNF complex subunits in UDC has remained unknown. In this study, we attempted to clarify whether the loss of SWI/SNF complex subunits is related to the pathogenesis of UDC by comparing undifferentiated component (UC) and ductal adenocarcinoma component (DAC). METHODS Genetic analysis of the ten UCs and six DACs was performed. The expression of ARID1A, SMARCA2, SMARCA4, SMARCB1, SMARCC1, and SMARCC2 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumor tissues collected by surgical resection from 18 UDC patients was evaluated immunohistochemically. Moreover, two pancreatic cell lines were evaluated for the effects of siARID1A on the mRNA and protein expression of E-cadherin, vimentin, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related markers by qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS UCs tended to have a higher frequency of mutation in ARID1A, SMARCA4, and SMARCC2 than DACs. Immunohistochemically, UCs revealed reduced/lost expression of ARID1A (72%), SMARCB1 (44%), SMARCC1 (31%), and SMARCC2 (67%). Reduced/lost expression of ARID1A, SMARCB1, and SMARCC2 was significantly more frequently observed in UCs than in DACs. In the pancreatic cell lines, western blotting and qRT-PCR showed that the downregulation of ARID1A increased the expression of vimentin and EMT-related markers. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the abnormality of SWI/SNF complex subunits, especially ARID1A, is one of the factors behind the morphological change of UDC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeo Yamamoto
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kohashi
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamada
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jun Kawata
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kukiko Sakihama
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Ryota Matsuda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Koga
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Shinichi Aishima
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Masafumi Nakamura
- Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshinao Oda
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi 3-1-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
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Guo R, Xing QS. Roles of Wnt Signaling Pathway and ROR2 Receptor in Embryonic Development: An Update Review Article. Epigenet Insights 2022; 15:25168657211064232. [PMID: 35128307 PMCID: PMC8808015 DOI: 10.1177/25168657211064232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt family is a large class of highly conserved cysteine-rich secretory glycoproteins that play a vital role in various cellular and physiological courses through different signaling pathways during embryogenesis and tissue homeostasis 3. Wnt5a is a secreted glycoprotein that belongs to the noncanonical Wnt family and is involved in a wide range of developmental and tissue homeostasis. A growing body of evidence suggests that Wnt5a affects embryonic development, signaling through various receptors, starting with the activation of β-catenin by Wnt5a. In addition to affecting planar cell polarity and Ca2+ pathways, β-catenin also includes multiple signaling cascades that regulate various cell functions. Secondly, Wnt5a can bind to Ror receptors to mediate noncanonical Wnt signaling and a significant ligand for Ror2 in vertebrates. Consistent with the multiple functions of Wnt5A/Ror2 signaling, Wnt5A knockout mice exhibited various phenotypic defects, including an inability to extend the anterior and posterior axes of the embryo. Numerous essential roles of Wnt5a/Ror2 in development have been demonstrated. Therefore, Ror signaling pathway become a necessary target for diagnosing and treating human diseases. The Wnt5a- Ror2 signaling pathway as a critical factor has attracted extensive attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Guo
- Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Quan Sheng Xing
- Qingdao University-Affiliated Hospital of Women and Children, Qingdao, China
- Quan Sheng Xing, Qingdao University-Affiliated Hospital of Women and Children, tongfu road 6, shibei district, Qingdao 266000, China.
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Dao HT, Sharma NK, Kheravii SK, Bradbury EJ, Wu SB, Swick RA. Supplementation of reduced protein diets with l-arginine and l-citrulline for broilers challenged with subclinical necrotic enteritis. 3. Immunological parameters and gene expression. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1071/an21395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Decourtye-Espiard L, Bougen-Zhukov N, Godwin T, Brew T, Schulpen E, Black MA, Guilford P. E-Cadherin-Deficient Epithelial Cells Are Sensitive to HDAC Inhibitors. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010175. [PMID: 35008338 PMCID: PMC8749989 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Inactivating germline mutations in the CDH1 gene (encoding the E-cadherin protein) are the genetic hallmark of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC), and somatic CDH1 mutations are an early event in the development of sporadic diffuse gastric cancer (DGC) and lobular breast cancer (LBC). In this study, histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors were tested for their ability to preferentially inhibit the growth of human cell lines (MCF10A and NCI-N87) and murine organoids lacking CDH1 expression. CDH1-/- breast and gastric cells were more sensitive to the pan-HDAC inhibitors entinostat, pracinostat, mocetinostat and vorinostat than wild-type cells, with an elevated growth inhibition that was, in part, attributable to increased apoptosis. CDH1-null cells were also sensitive to more class-specific HDAC inhibitors, but compared to the pan-inhibitors, these effects were less robust to genetic background. Increased sensitivity to entinostat was also observed in gastric organoids with both Cdh1 and Tp53 deletions. However, the deletion of Tp53 largely abrogated the sensitivity of the Cdh1-null organoids to pracinostat and mocetinostat. Finally, entinostat enhanced Cdh1 expression in heterozygous Cdh1+/- murine organoids. In conclusion, entinostat is a promising drug for the chemoprevention and/or treatment of HDGC and may also be beneficial for the treatment of sporadic CDH1-deficient cancers.
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Atractylodin Suppresses TGF-β-Mediated Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Alveolar Epithelial Cells and Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222011152. [PMID: 34681813 PMCID: PMC8570326 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by fibrotic change in alveolar epithelial cells and leads to the irreversible deterioration of pulmonary function. Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in type 2 lung epithelial cells contributes to excessive collagen deposition and plays an important role in IPF. Atractylodin (ATL) is a kind of herbal medicine that has been proven to protect intestinal inflammation and attenuate acute lung injury. Our study aimed to determine whether EMT played a crucial role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis and whether EMT can be utilized as a therapeutic target by ATL treatment to mitigate IPF. To address this topic, we took two steps to investigate: 1. Utilization of anin vitro EMT model by treating alveolar epithelial cells (A549 cells) with TGF-β1 followed by ATL treatment for elucidating the underlying pathways, including Smad2/3 hyperphosphorylation, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway overexpression, Snail and Slug upregulation, and loss of E-cadherin. Utilization of an in vivo lung injury model by treating bleomycin on mice followed by ATL treatment to demonstrate the therapeutic effectiveness, such as, less collagen deposition and lower E-cadherin expression. In conclusion, ATL attenuates TGF-β1-induced EMT in A549 cells and bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in mice.
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Derk J, Jones HE, Como C, Pawlikowski B, Siegenthaler JA. Living on the Edge of the CNS: Meninges Cell Diversity in Health and Disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:703944. [PMID: 34276313 PMCID: PMC8281977 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.703944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The meninges are the fibrous covering of the central nervous system (CNS) which contain vastly heterogeneous cell types within its three layers (dura, arachnoid, and pia). The dural compartment of the meninges, closest to the skull, is predominantly composed of fibroblasts, but also includes fenestrated blood vasculature, an elaborate lymphatic system, as well as immune cells which are distinct from the CNS. Segregating the outer and inner meningeal compartments is the epithelial-like arachnoid barrier cells, connected by tight and adherens junctions, which regulate the movement of pathogens, molecules, and cells into and out of the cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and brain parenchyma. Most proximate to the brain is the collagen and basement membrane-rich pia matter that abuts the glial limitans and has recently be shown to have regional heterogeneity within the developing mouse brain. While the meninges were historically seen as a purely structural support for the CNS and protection from trauma, the emerging view of the meninges is as an essential interface between the CNS and the periphery, critical to brain development, required for brain homeostasis, and involved in a variety of diseases. In this review, we will summarize what is known regarding the development, specification, and maturation of the meninges during homeostatic conditions and discuss the rapidly emerging evidence that specific meningeal cell compartments play differential and important roles in the pathophysiology of a myriad of diseases including: multiple sclerosis, dementia, stroke, viral/bacterial meningitis, traumatic brain injury, and cancer. We will conclude with a list of major questions and mechanisms that remain unknown, the study of which represent new, future directions for the field of meninges biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Derk
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Hannah E. Jones
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Cell Biology, Stem Cells and Development Graduate Program, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Christina Como
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Bradley Pawlikowski
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Julie A. Siegenthaler
- Section of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
- Cell Biology, Stem Cells and Development Graduate Program, University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
- Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, United States
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Travier L, Alonso M, Andronico A, Hafner L, Disson O, Lledo PM, Cauchemez S, Lecuit M. Neonatal susceptibility to meningitis results from the immaturity of epithelial barriers and gut microbiota. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109319. [PMID: 34192531 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neonates are highly susceptible to bacterial meningitis as compared to children and adults. Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a major cause of neonatal meningitis. Neonatal meningitis can result from GBS intestinal colonization and translocation across the intestinal barrier (IB). Here, we show that the immaturity of the neonatal intestinal microbiota leads to low resistance to GBS intestinal colonization and permissiveness of the gut-vascular barrier. Moreover, the age-dependent but microbiota-independent Wnt activity in intestinal and choroid plexus (CP) epithelia results in a lower degree of cell-cell junctions' polarization, which favors bacterial translocation. This study thus reveals that neonatal susceptibility to GBS meningitis results from the age-dependent immaturity of the intestinal microbiota and developmental pathways associated with neonatal tissue growth, which both concur to GBS gut colonization, systemic dissemination, and neuroinvasion. Whereas the activation of developmental pathways is intrinsic to neonates, interventions aimed at maturing the microbiota may help prevent neonatal meningitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Travier
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France
| | - Mariana Alonso
- Laboratory for Perception and Memory, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 3571, Paris, France
| | - Alessio Andronico
- Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2000, Paris, France
| | - Lukas Hafner
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Disson
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Marie Lledo
- Laboratory for Perception and Memory, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 3571, Paris, France
| | - Simon Cauchemez
- Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2000, Paris, France
| | - Marc Lecuit
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1117, Paris, France; Université de Paris, Paris, France; National Reference Centre and WHO Collaborating Centre Listeria, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France; Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, APHP, Institut Imagine, Paris, France.
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13
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Pell TJ, Gray MB, Hopkins SJ, Kasprowicz R, Porter JD, Reeves T, Rowan WC, Singh K, Tvermosegaard KB, Yaqub N, Wayne GJ. Epithelial Barrier Integrity Profiling: Combined Approach Using Cellular Junctional Complex Imaging and Transepithelial Electrical Resistance. SLAS DISCOVERY 2021; 26:909-921. [PMID: 34085560 DOI: 10.1177/24725552211013077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A core aspect of epithelial cell function is barrier integrity. A loss of barrier integrity is a feature of a number of respiratory diseases, including asthma, allergic rhinitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Restoration of barrier integrity is a target for respiratory disease drug discovery. Traditional methods for assessing barrier integrity have their limitations. Transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and dextran permeability methods can give poor in vitro assay robustness. Traditional junctional complex imaging approaches are labor-intensive and tend to be qualitative but not quantitative. To provide a robust and quantitative assessment of barrier integrity, high-content imaging of junctional complexes was combined with TEER. A scalable immunofluorescent high-content imaging technique, with automated quantification of junctional complex proteins zonula occludens-1 and occludin, was established in 3D pseudostratified primary human bronchial epithelial cells cultured at an air-liquid interface. Ionic permeability was measured using TEER on the same culture wells.The improvements to current technologies include the design of a novel 24-well holder to enable scalable in situ confocal cell imaging without Transwell membrane excision, the development of image analysis pipelines to quantify in-focus junctional complex structures in each plane of a Z stack, and the enhancement of the TEER data analysis process to enable statistical evaluation of treatment effects on barrier integrity. This novel approach was validated by demonstrating measurable changes in barrier integrity in cells grown under conditions known to perturb epithelial cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mike B Gray
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
| | | | | | | | - Tony Reeves
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
| | | | - Kuljit Singh
- GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Stevenage, Hertfordshire, UK
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14
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Zbiral B, Weber A, Iturri J, Vivanco MDM, Toca-Herrera JL. Estrogen Modulates Epithelial Breast Cancer Cell Mechanics and Cell-to-Cell Contacts. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14112897. [PMID: 34071397 PMCID: PMC8198807 DOI: 10.3390/ma14112897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Excessive estrogen exposure is connected with increased risk of breast cancer and has been shown to promote epithelial-mesenchymal-transition. Malignant cancer cells accumulate changes in cell mechanical and biochemical properties, often leading to cell softening. In this work we have employed atomic force microscopy to probe the influence of estrogen on the viscoelastic properties of MCF-7 breast cancer cells cultured either in normal or hormone free-medium. Estrogen led to a significant softening of the cells in all studied cases, while growing cells in hormone free medium led to an increase in the studied elastic and viscoelastic moduli. In addition, fluorescence microscopy shows that E-cadherin distribution is changed in cells when culturing them under estrogenic conditions. Furthermore, cell-cell contacts seemed to be weakened. These results were supported by AFM imaging showing changes in surfaces roughness, cell-cell contacts and cell height as result of estrogen treatment. This study therefore provides further evidence for the role of estrogen signaling in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Zbiral
- Institute for Biophysics, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (B.Z.); (J.I.)
| | - Andreas Weber
- Institute for Biophysics, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (B.Z.); (J.I.)
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (J.L.T.-H.)
| | - Jagoba Iturri
- Institute for Biophysics, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (B.Z.); (J.I.)
| | - Maria d. M. Vivanco
- CIC bioGUNE, Basque Research and Technology Alliance, BRTA, Bizkaia Technology Park, 48160 Derio, Spain;
| | - José L. Toca-Herrera
- Institute for Biophysics, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria; (B.Z.); (J.I.)
- Correspondence: (A.W.); (J.L.T.-H.)
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15
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Sheng Q, D'Alessio JA, Menezes DL, Karim C, Tang Y, Tam A, Clark S, Ying C, Connor A, Mansfield KG, Rondeau JM, Ghoddusi M, Geyer FC, Gu J, McLaughlin ME, Newcombe R, Elliot G, Tschantz WR, Lehmann S, Fanton CP, Miller K, Huber T, Rendahl KG, Jeffry U, Pryer NK, Lees E, Kwon P, Abraham JA, Damiano JS, Abrams TJ. PCA062, a P-cadherin Targeting Antibody-Drug Conjugate, Displays Potent Antitumor Activity Against P-cadherin-expressing Malignancies. Mol Cancer Ther 2021; 20:1270-1282. [PMID: 33879555 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-20-0708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The cell surface glycoprotein P-cadherin is highly expressed in a number of malignancies, including those arising in the epithelium of the bladder, breast, esophagus, lung, and upper aerodigestive system. PCA062 is a P-cadherin specific antibody-drug conjugate that utilizes the clinically validated SMCC-DM1 linker payload to mediate potent cytotoxicity in cell lines expressing high levels of P-cadherin in vitro, while displaying no specific activity in P-cadherin-negative cell lines. High cell surface P-cadherin is necessary, but not sufficient, to mediate PCA062 cytotoxicity. In vivo, PCA062 demonstrated high serum stability and a potent ability to induce mitotic arrest. In addition, PCA062 was efficacious in clinically relevant models of P-cadherin-expressing cancers, including breast, esophageal, and head and neck. Preclinical non-human primate toxicology studies demonstrated a favorable safety profile that supports clinical development. Genome-wide CRISPR screens reveal that expression of the multidrug-resistant gene ABCC1 and the lysosomal transporter SLC46A3 differentially impact tumor cell sensitivity to PCA062. The preclinical data presented here suggest that PCA062 may have clinical value for treating patients with multiple cancer types including basal-like breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Sheng
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Daniel L Menezes
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Christopher Karim
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Yan Tang
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Angela Tam
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Suzanna Clark
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Chi Ying
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Anu Connor
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Keith G Mansfield
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Majid Ghoddusi
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Felipe C Geyer
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jane Gu
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Rick Newcombe
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - GiNell Elliot
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Sylvie Lehmann
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Christie P Fanton
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Kathy Miller
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Thomas Huber
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | | | - Ursula Jeffry
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Nancy K Pryer
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Emma Lees
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Paul Kwon
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Judith A Abraham
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Jason S Damiano
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Tinya J Abrams
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
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16
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Kim JG, Mahmud S, Min JK, Lee YB, Kim H, Kang DC, Park HS, Seong J, Park JB. RhoA GTPase phosphorylated at tyrosine 42 by src kinase binds to β-catenin and contributes transcriptional regulation of vimentin upon Wnt3A. Redox Biol 2020; 40:101842. [PMID: 33388549 PMCID: PMC7788234 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In the Wnt canonical pathway, Wnt3A has been known to stabilize β-catenin. In the non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway, Wnt is known to activate Rho GTPases. The correlation between canonical and non-canonical pathways by Wnt signaling, however, has not been well elucidated. Here, we identified that Wnt3A promoted superoxide generation, leading to Tyr42 phosphorylation of RhoA through activations of c-Src and Rho-dependent coiled coil kinase 2 (ROCK2) and phosphorylation of p47phox, a component of NADPH oxidase. Wnt3A also induced accumulation of β-catenin along with activations of RhoA and ROCK1. Concurrently, ROCK1 was able to phosphorylate GSK-3β at Ser9, which phosphorylated Src at Ser51 and Ser492 residues, leading to Src inactivation through dephosphorylation of Tyr416 during the late period of Wnt3A treatment. Meanwhile, p-Tyr42 RhoA bound to β-catenin via the N-terminal domain of β-catenin, thereby leading to the nuclear translocation of p-Tyr42 RhoA/β-catenin complex. Notably, p-Tyr42 RhoA as well as β-catenin was associated with the promoter of Vim, leading to increased expression of vimentin. In addition, stomach cancer patients harboring higher expressed p-Tyr42 Rho levels revealed the much poorer survival probability. Therefore, we propose that p-Tyr42 RhoA is crucial for transcriptional regulation of specific target genes in the nucleus by binding to their promoters and involved in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Gyu Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hallymdaehag-Gil 1, Chuncheon, Kangwon-Do, 24252, Republic of Korea; Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do, 24252, Republic of Korea.
| | - Shohel Mahmud
- Department of Biochemistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hallymdaehag-Gil 1, Chuncheon, Kangwon-Do, 24252, Republic of Korea; National Institute of Biotechnology, Ganakbari, Ashulia, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Jung Ki Min
- Department of Biochemistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hallymdaehag-Gil 1, Chuncheon, Kangwon-Do, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Beom Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hallymdaehag-Gil 1, Chuncheon, Kangwon-Do, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunbin Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis Treatment Care of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Chul Kang
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang-si, 14066, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwee-Seon Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hallymdaehag-Gil 1, Chuncheon, Kangwon-Do, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihye Seong
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis Treatment Care of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Bong Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Hallymdaehag-Gil 1, Chuncheon, Kangwon-Do, 24252, Republic of Korea; Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do, 24252, Republic of Korea; Hallym Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Republic of Korea; ELmed Co. Room 3419, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Kangwon-do, 24252, Republic of Korea.
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17
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Calcium signaling and epigenetics: A key point to understand carcinogenesis. Cell Calcium 2020; 91:102285. [PMID: 32942140 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) signaling controls a wide range of cellular processes, including the hallmarks of cancer. The Ca2+ signaling system encompasses several types of proteins, such as receptors, channels, pumps, exchangers, buffers, and sensors, of which several are mutated or with altered expression in cancer cells. Since epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in all stages of carcinogenesis, and reversibly regulate gene expression, they have been studied by different research groups to understand their role in Ca2+ signaling remodeling in cancer cells and the carcinogenic process. In this review, we link Ca2+ signaling, cancer, and epigenetics fields to generate a comprehensive landscape of this complex group of diseases.
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18
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Wu GM, Jin Y, Cao YM, Li JY. The diagnostic value and regulatory mechanism of miR-200a targeting ZEB1 in pregnancy-induced hypertension. Hypertens Pregnancy 2020; 39:243-251. [PMID: 32345067 DOI: 10.1080/10641955.2020.1757700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Mei Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Department of Obstetrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Min Cao
- Department of Obstetrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Ji-Yun Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
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19
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Liu L, Zhou X, Shetty S, Hou G, Wang Q, Fu J. HDAC6 inhibition blocks inflammatory signaling and caspase-1 activation in LPS-induced acute lung injury. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019; 370:178-183. [PMID: 30910594 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2019.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
HDAC6 is a member of the class II histone deacetylase. HDAC6 inhibition possesses anti-inflammatory effects. However, the effects of HDAC6 inhibition in acute lung inflammation have not been studied. Here, we investigated the effects of a highly selective and potent HDAC6 inhibitor CAY10603 in LPS-induced acute inflammatory lung injury. We also conducted a series of experiments including immunoblotting, ELISA, and histological assays to explore the inflammatory signaling pathways modulated by the selective HDAC6 inhibition. We observed that HDAC6 activity was increased in the lung tissues after LPS challenge, which was associated with a decreased level of ɑ-tubulin acetylation in the lung tissues. HDAC6 inhibition by CAY10603 prevented LPS-induced ɑ-tubulin deacetylation in the lung tissues. HDAC6 inhibition also exhibited protective effects against LPS-induced acute lung inflammation, which was demonstrated by the reduced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 and decreased leukocyte infiltration. Furthermore, HDAC6 inhibition blocked the decrease of E-cadherin level and inhibited the increase of MMP9 expression in the lung tissues, which could prevent the destruction of the lung architecture in LPS-induced inflammatory injury. Given the important roles of NFĸB and inflammasome activation in inflammatory responses, we investigated their regulation by HDAC6 inhibition in LPS-induced lung injury. Our results showed that HDAC6 inhibition blocked the activation of NFĸB by inhibiting IĸB phosphorylation in LPS-induced acute lung injury, and LPS-induced-inflammasome activity was reduced by HDAC6 inhibition as demonstrated by the decreased IL-1β and caspase-1 cleavage and activation. Collectively, our data suggest that selective HDAC6 inhibition suppresses inflammatory signaling pathways and alleviates LPS-induced acute lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China; Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China; Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Sreerama Shetty
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler, Tyler, TX, USA
| | - Gang Hou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China
| | - Qiuyue Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, PR China.
| | - Jian Fu
- Center for Research on Environmental Disease, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Toxicology and Cancer Biology, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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20
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Hori R, Yamaguchi K, Sato H, Watanabe M, Tsutsumi K, Iwamoto S, Abe M, Onodera H, Nakamura S, Nakai R. The discovery and characterization of K-563, a novel inhibitor of the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway produced by Streptomyces sp. Cancer Med 2019; 8:1157-1168. [PMID: 30735010 PMCID: PMC6434342 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 12/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Keap1/Nrf2 pathway regulates the antioxidant stress response, detoxification response, and energy metabolism. Previous reports found that aberrant Keap1/Nrf2 pathway activation due to Kelch‐like ECH‐associated protein 1 (Keap1) mutations or Nuclear factor E2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2) mutations induced resistance of cancer cells to chemotherapy and accelerated cell growth via the supply of nutrients. Therefore, Keap1/Nrf2 pathway activation is associated with a poor prognosis in many cancers. These previous findings suggested that inhibition of Keap1/Nrf2 pathway could be a target for anti‐cancer therapies. To discover a small‐molecule Keap1/Nrf2 pathway inhibitor, we conducted high‐throughput screening in Keap1 mutant human lung cancer A549 cells using a transcriptional reporter assay. Through this screening, we identified the novel Keap1/Nrf2 pathway inhibitor K‐563, which was isolated from actinomycete Streptomyces sp. K‐563 suppressed the expression of Keap1/Nrf2 pathway downstream target genes or the downstream target protein, which induced suppression of GSH production, and activated reactive oxygen species production in A549 cells. K‐563 also inhibited the expression of downstream target genes in other Keap1‐ or Nrf2‐mutated cancer cells. Furthermore, K‐563 exerted anti‐proliferative activities in these mutated cancer cells. These in vitro analyses showed that K‐563 was able to inhibit cell growth in Keap1‐ or Nrf2‐mutated cancer cells by Keap1/Nrf2 pathway inhibition. K‐563 also exerted synergistic combinational effects with lung cancer chemotherapeutic agents. An in vivo study in mice xenotransplanted with A549 cells to further explore the therapeutic potential of K‐563 revealed that it also inhibited Keap1/Nrf2 pathway in lung cancer tumors. K‐563, a novel Keap1/Nrf2 pathway inhibitor, may be a lead compound for development as an anti‐cancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Hori
- R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Sunto, Shizuoka, Japan.,School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kozo Yamaguchi
- R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Sunto, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Sato
- R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Sunto, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Miwa Watanabe
- R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Sunto, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kyoko Tsutsumi
- R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Sunto, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Susumu Iwamoto
- R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Sunto, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Abe
- R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Sunto, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Onodera
- R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Sunto, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nakamura
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Nakai
- R&D Division, Kyowa Hakko Kirin Co., Ltd., Sunto, Shizuoka, Japan
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21
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Sousa‐Franco A, Rebelo K, da Rocha ST, Bernardes de Jesus B. LncRNAs regulating stemness in aging. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12870. [PMID: 30456884 PMCID: PMC6351848 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most outstanding observations from next-generation sequencing approaches was that only 1.5% of our genes code for proteins. The biggest part is transcribed but give rise to different families of RNAs without coding potential. The functional relevance of these abundant transcripts remains far from elucidated. Among them are the long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), a relatively large and heterogeneous group of RNAs shown to be highly tissue-specific, indicating a prominent role in processes controlling cellular identity. In particular, lncRNAs have been linked to both stemness properties and detrimental pathways regulating the aging process, being novel players in the intricate network guiding tissue homeostasis. Here, we summarize the up-to-date information on the role of lncRNAs that affect stemness and hence impact upon aging, highlighting the likelihood that lncRNAs may represent an unexploited reservoir of potential therapeutic targets for reprogramming applications and aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- António Sousa‐Franco
- Instituto de Medicina MolecularFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Kenny Rebelo
- Instituto de Medicina MolecularFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Simão Teixeira da Rocha
- Instituto de Medicina MolecularFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
| | - Bruno Bernardes de Jesus
- Instituto de Medicina MolecularFaculdade de Medicina da Universidade de LisboaLisboaPortugal
- Department of Medical Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine—iBiMEDUniversity of AveiroAveiroPortugal
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22
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Tiwari P, Mrigwani A, Kaur H, Kaila P, Kumar R, Guptasarma P. Structural-Mechanical and Biochemical Functions of Classical Cadherins at Cellular Junctions: A Review and Some Hypotheses. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1112:107-138. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-3065-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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23
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Hayes AJ, Smith SM, Caterson B, Melrose J. Concise Review: Stem/Progenitor Cell Proteoglycans Decorated with 7-D-4, 4-C-3, and 3-B-3(-) Chondroitin Sulfate Motifs Are Morphogenetic Markers of Tissue Development. Stem Cells 2018; 36:1475-1486. [PMID: 29893019 PMCID: PMC6381390 DOI: 10.1002/stem.2860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This study reviewed the occurrence of chondroitin sulfate (CS) motifs 4-C-3, 7-D-4, and 3-B-3(-), which are expressed by progenitor cells in tissues undergoing morphogenesis. These motifs have a transient early expression pattern during tissue development and also appear in mature tissues during pathological remodeling and attempted repair processes by activated adult stem cells. The CS motifs are information and recognition modules, which may regulate cellular behavior and delineate stem cell niches in developmental tissues. One of the difficulties in determining the precise role of stem cells in tissue development and repair processes is their short engraftment period and the lack of specific markers, which differentiate the activated stem cell lineages from the resident cells. The CS sulfation motifs 7-D-4, 4-C-3, and 3-B-3 (-) decorate cell surface proteoglycans on activated stem/progenitor cells and appear to identify these cells in transitional areas of tissue development and in tissue repair and may be applicable to determining a more precise role for stem cells in tissue morphogenesis. Stem Cells 2018;36:1475-1486.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Hayes
- Bioimaging Research Hub, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - Susan M Smith
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Bruce Caterson
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, United Kingdom
| | - James Melrose
- Raymond Purves Bone and Joint Research Laboratories, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Royal North Shore Hospital and University of Sydney, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Regulation of Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function by Long Noncoding RNA uc.173 through Interaction with MicroRNA 29b. Mol Cell Biol 2018; 38:MCB.00010-18. [PMID: 29632078 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00010-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian intestinal epithelium establishes a selectively permeable barrier that supports nutrient absorption and prevents intrusion by noxious luminal substances and microbiota. The effectiveness and integrity of the barrier function are tightly regulated via well-controlled mechanisms. Long noncoding RNAs transcribed from ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs) control diverse cellular processes, but their roles in the regulation of gut permeability remain largely unknown. Here we report that the T-UCR uc.173 enhances intestinal epithelial barrier function by antagonizing microRNA 29b (miR-29b). Decreasing the levels of uc.173 by gene silencing led to dysfunction of the intestinal epithelial barrier in cultured cells and increased the vulnerability of the gut barrier to septic stress in mice. uc.173 specifically stimulated translation of the tight junction (TJ) claudin-1 (CLDN1) by associating with miR-29b rather than by binding directly to CLDN1 mRNA. uc.173 acted as a natural decoy RNA for miR-29b, which interacts with CLDN1 mRNA via the 3' untranslated region and represses its translation. Ectopically expressed uc.173 abolished the association of miR-29b with CLDN1 mRNA and restored claudin-1 expression to normal levels in cells overexpressing miR-29b, thus rescuing the barrier function. These results highlight a novel function of uc.173 in controlling gut permeability and define a mechanism by which uc.173 stimulates claudin-1 translation, by decreasing the availability of miR-29b to CLDN1 mRNA.
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Biodiversity of CS–proteoglycan sulphation motifs: chemical messenger recognition modules with roles in information transfer, control of cellular behaviour and tissue morphogenesis. Biochem J 2018; 475:587-620. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulphate (CS) glycosaminoglycan chains on cell and extracellular matrix proteoglycans (PGs) can no longer be regarded as merely hydrodynamic space fillers. Overwhelming evidence over recent years indicates that sulphation motif sequences within the CS chain structure are a source of significant biological information to cells and their surrounding environment. CS sulphation motifs have been shown to interact with a wide variety of bioactive molecules, e.g. cytokines, growth factors, chemokines, morphogenetic proteins, enzymes and enzyme inhibitors, as well as structural components within the extracellular milieu. They are therefore capable of modulating a panoply of signalling pathways, thus controlling diverse cellular behaviours including proliferation, differentiation, migration and matrix synthesis. Consequently, through these motifs, CS PGs play significant roles in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, morphogenesis, development, growth and disease. Here, we review (i) the biodiversity of CS PGs and their sulphation motif sequences and (ii) the current understanding of the signalling roles they play in regulating cellular behaviour during tissue development, growth, disease and repair.
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Abstract
Mucosal tissues represent surfaces that are exposed to the outside world and provide a conduit for internal and external communication. Tissues such as the intestine and the lung are lined by layer(s) of epithelial cells that, when organized in three dimensions, provide a critical barrier to the flux of luminal contents. This selective barrier is provided through the regulated expression of junctional proteins and mucins. Tissue oxygen metabolism is central to the maintenance of homeostasis in the mucosa. In some organs (e.g., the colon), low baseline Po2 determines tissue metabolism and results in basal expression of the transcription factor, hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which is enhanced after ischemia/inflammation. Recent studies have indicated that HIF contributes fundamentally to the expression of barrier-related genes and in the regulation of barrier-adaptive responses within the mucosa. Here, we briefly review recent literature on the topic of hypoxia and HIF regulation of barrier in mucosal health and during disease.
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Zhang Z, Xie Y, Pan H, Huang L, Zheng X. Influence of patterned titanium coatings on polarization of macrophage and osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stem cells. J Biomater Appl 2017; 32:977-986. [PMID: 29237352 DOI: 10.1177/0885328217746802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterial surface topography plays a vital role in the osteointegration of implants by regulating the early cell responses and tissue growth-in. However, most of the previous researches focused on the effects of osteogenic cells, only a little is known about the immune cells which dominate osteogenesis after implanting. In this paper, patterned titanium coatings were fabricated and the effects of surface topography on the macrophage behaviors were investigated. On patterned titanium surface, macrophages preferred to polarize to M2, while macrophages on traditional titanium coatings presented higher M1 polarization. Nearly 70% higher expression of anti-inflammatory genes, including interleukin-4, interleukin-10, interleukin-1ra, and arginase, were detected on the patterned titanium coatings. While the pro-inflammatory genes, such as interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ, and inducible nitric oxide synthase were notably depressed. Up-regulation of the osteoinductive cytokines were also detected on the patterned coatings, which indicated advantageous osteogenic microenvironment provided by macrophages. Immunomodulation effect on osteogenesis was also investigated in this study. Stimulated with RAW cells/patterned coatings conditioned medium, bone marrow stem cells presented nearly 1.5 fold higher expression of osteogenic genes and more mineralization nodules than the traditional sprayed Ti coatings. All these results suggested that modulating materials with a patterned surface might be a valuable strategy to endow the implants with favorable osteoimmunomodulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zequan Zhang
- 1 Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China.,2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Yuquan Road, Beijing, PR China
| | - Youtao Xie
- 1 Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Houhua Pan
- 1 Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Liping Huang
- 1 Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xuebin Zheng
- 1 Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, PR China
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Covell AD, Zeng Z, Mabe T, Wei J, Adamson A, LaJeunesse DR. Alternative SiO 2 Surface Direct MDCK Epithelial Behavior. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:3307-3317. [PMID: 33445372 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The mechanical interactions of cells are mediated through adhesive interactions. In this study, we examined the growth, cellular behavior, and adhesion of MDCK epithelial cells on three different SiO2 substrates: amorphous glass coverslips and the silicon oxide layers that grow on ⟨111⟩ and ⟨100⟩ wafers. While compositionally all three substrates are almost similar, differences in surface energy result in dramatic differences in epithelial cell morphology, cell-cell adhesion, cell-substrate adhesion, actin organization, and extracellular matrix (ECM) protein expression. We also observe striking differences in ECM protein binding to the various substrates due to the hydrogen bond interactions. Our results demonstrate that MDCK cells have a robust response to differences in substrates that is not obviated by nanotopography or surface composition and that a cell's response may manifest through subtle differences in surface energies of the materials. This work strongly suggests that other properties of a material other than composition and topology should be considered when interpreting and controlling interactions of cells with a substrate, whether it is synthetic or natural.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Covell
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2907 East Gate City Blvd., Greensboro, North Carolina 27401, United States
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2907 East Gate City Blvd., Greensboro, North Carolina 27401, United States
| | - Taylor Mabe
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2907 East Gate City Blvd., Greensboro, North Carolina 27401, United States
| | - Jianjun Wei
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2907 East Gate City Blvd., Greensboro, North Carolina 27401, United States
| | - Amy Adamson
- Department of Biology, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 201 Eberhart Building, Greensboro, North Carolina 27402, United States
| | - Dennis R LaJeunesse
- Department of Nanoscience, Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2907 East Gate City Blvd., Greensboro, North Carolina 27401, United States
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Lin S, Yang R, Chi H, Lian Y, Wang J, Huang S, Lu C, Liu P, Qiao J. Increased incidence of ectopic pregnancy after in vitro fertilization in women with decreased ovarian reserve. Oncotarget 2017; 8:14570-14575. [PMID: 28099907 PMCID: PMC5362426 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of ectopic pregnancy after assisted reproductive technology is increased approximately 2.5-5-fold compared with natural conceptions.Strategies were used to decrease the incidence of ectopic pregnancy, but ectopic pregnancy still occurs. In the present study, women were selected with decreased ovarian reserve (defined as FSH > 10 IU/L) aged 20 to 38 years who underwent IVF-ET between 2009 and 2014. These 2,061 women were age-matched with an equal number of women with normal ovarian reserve (defined as FSH ≤ 10 IU/L). During cycles following fresh embryo transfer, 93 patients were diagnosed with ectopic pregnancy. The incidence of ectopic pregnancy in clinical pregnancies was significantly higher in the decreased ovarian reserve than in the normal ovarian reserve group (5.51% vs. 2.99%). After adjusting for confounding factors, the incidence of ectopic pregnancy was significantly associated with decreased ovarian reserve. Our results showed that decreased ovarian reserve is an independent risk factor for ectopic pregnancy after in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengli Lin
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hongbin Chi
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Lian
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiejing Wang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cuiling Lu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Liu
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Qiao
- Reproductive Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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30
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Colgan SP, Campbell EL. Oxygen metabolism and innate immune responses in the gut. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2017; 123:1321-1327. [PMID: 28705991 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00113.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells of the mucosa provide a first line of defense to prevent the inappropriate translocation of luminal antigens, and therefore contribute significantly to nonspecific innate immunity. In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, barrier is provided by multiple components of the mucosa, including mucus production, epithelial junctional complexes, and the production of antimicrobial molecules. In recent years, it is better appreciated that tissue oxygen metabolism is key to homeostasis in the mucosa. The intestine, for example, maintains a low baseline Po2 level due to high rates of metabolism, countercurrent blood flow, and the presence of a steep oxygen gradient across the luminal aspect of tissue surface. As a result, hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-dependent signaling exists even in the healthy, unperturbed intestinal mucosa. In a number of examples, HIF has been demonstrated both to promote barrier function during homeostasis and to promote resolution of active inflammation. Hypoxia-elicited factors that contribute to innate responses in the mucosa include the transcriptional regulation of mucin genes, junction proteins, and autophagic flux. Here, we review current literature related to hypoxia and innate immunity in health and during mucosal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean P Colgan
- Department of Medicine and the Mucosal Inflammation Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado; and
| | - Eric L Campbell
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
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DNA methylation variations are required for epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition induced by cancer-associated fibroblasts in prostate cancer cells. Oncogene 2017; 36:5551-5566. [PMID: 28581528 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2017.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 04/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Widespread genome hypo-methylation and promoter hyper-methylation of epithelium-specific genes are hallmarks of stable epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), which in prostate cancer (PCa) correlates with castration resistance, cancer stem cells generation, chemoresistance and worst prognosis. Exploiting our consolidated 'ex-vivo' system, we show that cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) released factors have pivotal roles in inducing genome methylation changes required for EMT and stemness in EMT-prone PCa cells. By global DNA methylation analysis and RNA-Seq, we provide compelling evidence that conditioned media from CAFs explanted from two unrelated patients with advanced PCa, stimulates concurrent DNA hypo- and hyper-methylation required for EMT and stemness in PC3 and DU145, but not in LN-CaP and its derivative C4-2B, PCa cells. CpG island (CGI) hyper-methylation associates with repression of genes required for epithelial maintenance and invasion antagonism, whereas activation of EMT markers and stemness genes correlate with CGI hypo-methylation. Remarkably, methylation variations and EMT-regulated transcripts almost completely reverse qualitatively and quantitatively during MET. Unsupervised clustering analysis of the PRAD TCGA data set with the differentially expressed (DE) and methylated EMT signature, identified a gene cluster of DE genes defined by a CAF+ and AR- phenotype and worst diagnosis. This gene cluster includes the relevant factors for EMT and stemness, which display DNA methylation variations in regulatory regions inversely correlated to their expression changes, thus strongly sustaining the ex-vivo data. DNMT3A-dependent methylation is essential for silencing epithelial maintenance and EMT counteracting genes, such as CDH1 and GRHL2, that is, the direct repressor of ZEB1, the key transcriptional factor for EMT and stemness. Accordingly, DNMT3A knock-down prevents EMT entry. These results shed light on the mechanisms of establishment and maintenance of coexisting DNA hypo- and hyper-methylation patterns during cancer progression, the generation of EMT and cell stemness in advanced PCa, and may pave the way to new therapeutic implications.
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32
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Bi XG, Guo L, Wang XL, Wei Q, Du Q, Jiang WH, Zheng GY, Zhang HT, Ma JH, Zheng S. Distinct subcellular localization of E-cadherin between epithelioid angiomyolipoma and triphasic angiomyolipoma: A preliminary case-control study. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:695-704. [PMID: 28693223 PMCID: PMC5494718 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelioid angiomyolipoma (EAML) is a rare variant of angiomyolipoma (AML). Previous studies have demonstrated that epithelial (E-)cadherin is expressed in two subtypes of AML, EAML and triphasic AML; however, the expression pattern of E-cadherin remains unclear. In the present study, a preliminary case-control study was conducted to determine the expression pattern of E-cadherin between EAML and triphasic AML, the control, focusing on the subcellular localization and expression category of E-cadherin. No significant difference was identified in the age, sex, history of tuberous sclerosis, smoking and alcohol consumption between the two groups (P>0.05). In EAML, 9 patients were categorized as exhibiting a low risk of malignant behavior and the other two were categorized as exhibiting an intermediate or high risk of malignant behavior. The proportion of cases expressing E-cadherin, human melanoma black-45 (HMB45), melanoma antigen recognized by T cells 1 (Mart1/Melan A), smooth muscle actin and progesterone receptor were 95.5 (21/22), 95.5 (21/22), 86.4 (19/22), 77.3 (17/22) and 86.4% (19/22), respectively. E-cadherin was identified to be localized, using staining techniques, in the cell membrane and/or cytoplasm. The subcellular localization of E-cadherin was significantly different between EAML and triphasic AML; the majority of EAML cases revealed membranous and cytoplasmic staining, whereas triphasic AML cases demonstrated cytoplasmic staining (P=0.0093). The expression of E-cadherin may be positively associated with HMB45 (P=0.0044) and Mart1/Melan A (P=0.0049). The results of the present study identified that the subcellular localization of E-cadherin may be different between EAML and the control group of triphasic AML. Additionally, E-cadherin and melanocytic markers may be co-expressed in distinct subtypes of AML. A follow-up study with a large sample size to validate the results of the present study, followed by a mechanistic study based on cell lines to determine any significance, are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Gang Bi
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Lei Guo
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Liang Wang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Qian Wei
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China.,Department of Pathology, Tibet Autonomous Region People's Hospital, Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region 850000, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Du
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Hao Jiang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Second Hospital, Beijing 100031, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Yuan Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Second Hospital, Beijing 100031, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Tu Zhang
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hui Ma
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
| | - Shan Zheng
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, P.R. China
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Changchun K, Pengchao H, Ke S, Ying W, Lei W. Interleukin-17 augments tumor necrosis factor α-mediated increase of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and inhibits vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein expression to reduce the adhesion of breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:3253-3260. [PMID: 28521432 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-17 (IL-17) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α are able to cooperatively alter the expression levels of a number of genes. In the present study, the mRNA expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α were analyzed in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells following treatment with IL-17, TNF-α or the combination of IL-17 and TNF-α. The protein expression levels of HIF-1α and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) were evaluated using western blot analysis. The adhesive ability of the cells was determined using an MTT assay following treatment with HIF-1α-small interfering RNA and short hairpin RNA-VASP that were used to suppress the expression levels of HIF-1α and VASP protein, respectively. These results demonstrated that IL-17 augmented TNF-α-induced gene expression of HIF-1α. The combination of IL-17 and TNF-α promoted an increase in HIF-1α expression and a decrease in VASP expression and a reduction in the adhesive ability of cells. These results demonstrated that IL-17 effectively enhanced the TNF-α-induced increase in HIF-1α and inhibited VASP expression, thus reducing the adhesion of MDA-MB-231 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang Changchun
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Research Center of Food and Drug Evaluation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Hu Pengchao
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Research Center of Food and Drug Evaluation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Su Ke
- Department of Nephrology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Wang Ying
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Research Center of Food and Drug Evaluation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Wei Lei
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Research Center of Food and Drug Evaluation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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Sun X, Wei B, Liu S, Guo C, Wu N, Liu Q, Sun MZ. Anxa5 mediates the in vitro malignant behaviours of murine hepatocarcinoma Hca-F cells with high lymph node metastasis potential preferentially via ERK2/p-ERK2/c-Jun/p-c-Jun(Ser73) and E-cadherin. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:645-654. [PMID: 27697636 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Annexin A5 (Anxa5) is associated with the progression of some cancers, while its role and regulation mechanism in tumor lymphatic metastasis is rarely reported. This study aims to investigate the influence of Anxa5 knockdown on the malignant behaviours of murine hepatocarcinoma Hca-F cell line with high lymph node metastatic (LNM) potential and the underlying regulation mechanism. METHODS RNA interfering was performed to silence Anxa5 in Hca-F. Monoclonal shRNA-Anxa5- Hca-F cells were obtained via G418 screening by limited dilution method. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting (WB) were applied to measure Anxa5 expression levels. CCK-8, Boyden transwell-chamber and in situ LN adhesion assays were performed to explore the effects of Anxa5 on the proliferation, migration, invasion and adhesion capacities of Hca-F. WB and qRT-PCR were used to detect the level changes of key molecules in corresponding signal pathways. RESULTS We obtained two monoclonal shRNA-Anxa5-transfected Hca-F cell lines with stable knockdowns of Anxa5. Anxa5 knockdown resulted in significantly reduced proliferation, migration, invasion and in situ LN adhesion potentials of Hca-F in proportion to its knockdown extent. Anxa5 downregulation enhanced E-cadherin levels in Hca-F. Moreover, Anxa5 affected Hca-F behaviours specifically via ERK2/p-ERK2/c-Jun/p-c-Jun(Ser73) instead of p38MAPK/c-Jun, Jnk/c-Jun and AKT/c-Jun pathways. CONCLUSIONS Anxa5 mediates the in vitro malignant behaviours of murine hepatocarcinoma Hca-F cells via ERK2/c-Jun/p-c-Jun(Ser73) and ERK2/E-cadherin pathways. It is an important molecule in metastasis (especially LNM) and a potential therapeutic target for hepatocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xujuan Sun
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Bin Wei
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Shuqing Liu
- Department of Biochemistry, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Chunmei Guo
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Na Wu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Qinlong Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116027, China.
| | - Ming-Zhong Sun
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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Glover LE, Lee JS, Colgan SP. Oxygen metabolism and barrier regulation in the intestinal mucosa. J Clin Invest 2016; 126:3680-3688. [PMID: 27500494 DOI: 10.1172/jci84429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosal surfaces are lined by epithelial cells and provide an important barrier to the flux of antigens from the outside. This barrier is provided at a number of levels, including epithelial junctional complexes, mucus production, and mucosa-derived antimicrobials. Tissue metabolism is central to the maintenance of homeostasis in the mucosa. In the intestine, for example, baseline pO2 levels are uniquely low due to counter-current blood flow and the presence of large numbers of bacteria. As such, hypoxia and HIF signaling predominates normal intestinal metabolism and barrier regulation during both homeostasis and active inflammation. Contributing factors that elicit important adaptive responses within the mucosa include the transcriptional regulation of tight junction proteins, metabolic regulation of barrier components, and changes in autophagic flux. Here, we review recent literature around the topic of hypoxia and barrier function in health and during disease.
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36
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Nummela P, Leinonen H, Järvinen P, Thiel A, Järvinen H, Lepistö A, Ristimäki A. Expression of CEA, CA19-9, CA125, and EpCAM in pseudomyxoma peritonei. Hum Pathol 2016; 54:47-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2016.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Zhang J, Chen XY, Huang KJ, Wu WD, Jiang T, Cao J, Zhou LS, Qiu ZJ, Huang C. Expression of FoxM1 and the EMT-associated protein E-cadherin in gastric cancer and its clinical significance. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:2445-2450. [PMID: 27698811 PMCID: PMC5038505 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) and E-cadherin in tissues of gastric cancer in order to reveal any correlation between FoxM1, E-cadherin and clinicopathological parameters. The association between FoxM1 and E-cadherin in the development and progression of gastric cancer was also investigated. The expression of FoxM1 and E-cadherin in gastric cancer and adjacent normal tissue on tissue microarray was detected using immunohistochemistry. The clinicopathological significance of FoxM1 and E-cadherin in gastric cancer was explored, and the association between FoxM1 and E-cadherin was further examined using statistical techniques. In gastric cancer tissues, the expression of FoxM1 and E-cadherin was strongly positive, but it was weak in normal gastric mucosa. Overexpression of FoxM1 was evident in gastric cancer, and was associated with poor tumor differentiation (P<0.05), advanced tumor state (P<0.05) and lymph node (or distant) metastasis (P<0.05), whereas E-cadherin had the opposite effects. Furthermore, the correlation between FoxM1 and E-cadherin expression in gastric cancer tissue was negative. In conclusion, the high FoxM1 expression and low E-cadherin expression in gastric cancer tissue suggests that these proteins play a critical role in the development and progression of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yu Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Ke-Jian Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Dong Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Li-Sheng Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Zheng-Jun Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Jiaotong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai 200080, P.R. China
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H19 Long Noncoding RNA Regulates Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Function via MicroRNA 675 by Interacting with RNA-Binding Protein HuR. Mol Cell Biol 2016; 36:1332-41. [PMID: 26884465 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01030-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The disruption of the intestinal epithelial barrier function occurs commonly in various pathologies, but the exact mechanisms responsible are unclear. The H19 long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) regulates the expression of different genes and has been implicated in human genetic disorders and cancer. Here, we report that H19 plays an important role in controlling the intestinal epithelial barrier function by serving as a precursor for microRNA 675 (miR-675). H19 overexpression increased the cellular abundance of miR-675, which in turn destabilized and repressed the translation of mRNAs encoding tight junction protein ZO-1 and adherens junction E-cadherin, resulting in the dysfunction of the epithelial barrier. Increasing the level of the RNA-binding protein HuR in cells overexpressing H19 prevented the stimulation of miR-675 processing from H19, promoted ZO-1 and E-cadherin expression, and restored the epithelial barrier function to a nearly normal level. In contrast, the targeted deletion of HuR in intestinal epithelial cells enhanced miR-675 production in the mucosa and delayed the recovery of the gut barrier function after exposure to mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion. These results indicate that H19 interacts with HuR and regulates the intestinal epithelial barrier function via the H19-encoded miR-675 by altering ZO-1 and E-cadherin expression posttranscriptionally.
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Xu HG, Zheng Q, Song JX, Li J, Wang H, Liu P, Wang J, Wang CD, Zhang XL. Intermittent cyclic mechanical tension promotes endplate cartilage degeneration via canonical Wnt signaling pathway and E-cadherin/β-catenin complex cross-talk. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2016; 24:158-68. [PMID: 26247612 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the role of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and E-cadherin/β-catenin complex in intermittent cyclic mechanical tension (ICMT)-induced endplate cartilage degeneration. DESIGN β-Catenin expression was measured in disc samples obtained from patients with disc degeneration and those with cervical vertebrae fracture or dislocation. Histological staining was performed to examine the disc tissue morphology and extracellular matrix after application of ICMT in vitro and in vivo. Multiple strategies were employed to examine activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling after ICMT application in vivo and in vitro. Co-immunoprecipitation was performed to examine the interaction between E-cadherin and β-catenin. Pathway-specific inhibitors and an E-cadherin expression plasmid were used to regulate Wnt/β-catenin signaling and E-cadherin expression. RESULTS β-Catenin protein expression was elevated significantly, whereas cartilaginous genes were down-regulated in endplate cartilage samples obtained from patients with disc degeneration. ICMT loading led to Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation and the loss of the chondrogenic phenotype of endplate chondrocytes in both an in vivo rabbit model and in vitro endplate chondrocyte culture system. Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling suppressed the decrease in ICMT-induced cartilaginous gene expression. Furthermore, E-cadherin expression was inhibited by ICMT stimulation, resulting in a decrease in the interaction between E-cadherin and β-catenin proteins. Over-expression of E-cadherin rescued the cartilaginous gene expression by enhancing the interaction between E-cadherin and β-catenin proteins. CONCLUSIONS ICMT promotes endplate cartilage degeneration via activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and suppression of physical protein-protein interactions between E-cadherin and β-catenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-g Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China.
| | - Q Zheng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - J-x Song
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Chinese Medicine Hospitals of Wuhu, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Zunyi Medical College, Zunyi, 563003, Guizhou, China
| | - H Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - P Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, Anhui, China
| | - J Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - C-d Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - X-l Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopaedic Implants, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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Huang J, Liu R, Su L, Xiao Q, Yu M. Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Embryo-Induced Gene Expression Patterns in the Endometrium from Meishan and Yorkshire Pigs. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:22692-710. [PMID: 26393584 PMCID: PMC4613331 DOI: 10.3390/ijms160922692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression patterns in Meishan- and Yorkshire-derived endometrium during early (gestational day 15) and mid-gestation (gestational days 26 and 50) were investigated, respectively. Totally, 689 and 1649 annotated genes were identified to be differentially expressed in Meishan and Yorkshire endometrium during the three gestational stages, respectively. Hierarchical clustering analysis identified that, of the annotated differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 73 DEGs were unique to Meishan endometrium, 536 DEGs were unique to Yorkshire endometrium, and 228 DEGs were common in Meishan and Yorkshire endometriums. Subsequently, DEGs in each of the three types of expression patterns were grouped into four distinct categories according to the similarities in their temporal expression patterns. The expression patterns identified from the microarray analysis were validated by quantitative RT-PCR. The functional enrichment analysis revealed that the common DEGs were enriched in pathways of steroid metabolic process and regulation of retinoic acid receptor signaling. These unique DEGs in Meishan endometrium were involved in cell cycle and adherens junction. The DEGs unique to Yorkshire endometrium were associated with regulation of Rho protein signal transduction, maternal placenta development and cell proliferation. This study revealed the different gene expression patterns or pathways related to the endometrium remodeling in Meishan and Yorkshire pigs, respectively. These unique DEGs in either Meishan or Yorkshire endometriums may contribute to the divergence of the endometrium environment in the two pig breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangnan Huang
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry and the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang 330200, China.
| | - Ruize Liu
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry and the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Lijie Su
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry and the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Qian Xiao
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry and the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Mei Yu
- Key Lab of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding, and Reproduction of Ministry and the Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Liu J, Liu S, Chen Y, Zhao X, Lu Y, Cheng J. Functionalized self-assembling peptide improves INS-1 β-cell function and proliferation via the integrin/FAK/ERK/cyclin pathway. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:3519-31. [PMID: 25999715 PMCID: PMC4436204 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s80502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Islet transplantation is considered to be a curative treatment for type 1 diabetes mellitus. However, disruption of the extracellular matrix (ECM) leads to β-cell destruction and graft dysfunction. In this study, we developed a functionalized self-assembling peptide, KLD-F, with ECM mimic motifs derived from fibronectin and collagen IV, and evaluated its effect on β-cell function and proliferation. Atomic force microscopy and rheological results showed that KLD-F could self-assemble into a nanofibrous scaffold and change into a hydrogel in physiological saline condition. In a three-dimensional cell culture model, KLD-F improved ECM remodeling and cell-cell adhesion of INS-1 β-cells by upregulation of E-cadherin, fibronectin, and collagen IV. KLD-F also enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and expression of β-cell function genes, including Glut2, Ins1, MafA, and Pdx-1 in INS-1 cells. Moreover, KLD-F promoted proliferation of INS-1 β-cells and upregulated Ki67 expression by mediating cell cycle progression. In addition, KLD-F improved β-cell function and proliferation via an integrin/focal adhesion kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase/cyclin D pathway. This study highlights the fact that the β-cell-ECM interaction reestablished with this functionalized self-assembling peptide is a promising method to improve the therapeutic efficacy of islet transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Younan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Zhao
- Laboratory of Nanomedicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanrong Lu
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingqiu Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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Abstract
The arrival of multicellularity in evolution facilitated cell-cell signaling in conjunction with adhesion. As the ectodomains of cadherins interact with each other directly in trans (as well as in cis), spanning the plasma membrane and associating with multiple other entities, cadherins enable the transduction of "outside-in" or "inside-out" signals. We focus this review on signals that originate from the larger family of cadherins that are inwardly directed to the nucleus, and thus have roles in gene control or nuclear structure-function. The nature of cadherin complexes varies considerably depending on the type of cadherin and its context, and we will address some of these variables for classical cadherins versus other family members. Substantial but still fragmentary progress has been made in understanding the signaling mediators used by varied cadherin complexes to coordinate the state of cell-cell adhesion with gene expression. Evidence that cadherin intracellular binding partners also localize to the nucleus is a major point of interest. In some models, catenins show reduced binding to cadherin cytoplasmic tails favoring their engagement in gene control. When bound, cadherins may serve as stoichiometric competitors of nuclear signals. Cadherins also directly or indirectly affect numerous signaling pathways (e.g., Wnt, receptor tyrosine kinase, Hippo, NFκB, and JAK/STAT), enabling cell-cell contacts to touch upon multiple biological outcomes in embryonic development and tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre D McCrea
- Department of Genetics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Program in Genes & Development, Graduate School in Biomedical Sciences, Houston, Texas, USA.
| | - Meghan T Maher
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Cara J Gottardi
- Cellular and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA; Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Notch4 promotes gastric cancer growth through activation of Wnt1/β-catenin signaling. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 401:165-74. [PMID: 25511451 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-2304-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 12/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common cancers and lethal malignancies in the world. Discovering novel biomarkers that correlate with GC may provide opportunities to reduce the severity of GC. As one of Notch receptor family members in mammals, Notch4 plays an important role in carcinogenesis of several tumors. However, the precise function and mechanism of Notch4 in GC remain undefined. To address this question, we investigated whether Notch4 could be involved in GC progression. We found that Notch4 was activated by overexpressing exogenous intracellular domain of Notch4 (ICN4), and Notch4 activation promoted GC growth in vitro and in vivo, while Notch4 inhibition using ICN4 siRNA had opposite effects. In addition, Notch4 activation induced expression and activation of Wnt1, β-catenin and downstream target genes, c-Myc and cyclin D1, in GC cells, while Notch4 inhibition had opposite effects. Moreover, β-catenin depletion by siRNA attenuated cell proliferation induced by Notch4 activation. Therefore, our results revealed that Notch4 activates Wnt1/β-catenin signaling to regulate GC growth.
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