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Acharya P, Parkins S, Tranter M. RNA binding proteins as mediators of pathological cardiac remodeling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1368097. [PMID: 38818408 PMCID: PMC11137256 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1368097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
RNA binding proteins (RBPs) play a central in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, which can account for up to 50% of all variations in protein expression within a cell. Following their binding to target RNAs, RBPs most typically confer changes in gene expression through modulation of alternative spicing, RNA stabilization/degradation, or ribosome loading/translation rate. All of these post-transcriptional regulatory processes have been shown to play a functional role in pathological cardiac remodeling, and a growing body of evidence is beginning to identify the mechanistic contribution of individual RBPs and their cardiac RNA targets. This review highlights the mechanisms of RBP-dependent post-transcriptional gene regulation in cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts and our current understanding of how RNA binding proteins functionally contribute to pathological cardiac remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Acharya
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Sharon Parkins
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States
| | - Michael Tranter
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
- Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, United States
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2
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Mukherjee A, Nongthomba U. To RNA-binding and beyond: Emerging facets of the role of Rbfox proteins in development and disease. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS. RNA 2023:e1813. [PMID: 37661850 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The RNA-binding Fox-1 homologue (Rbfox) proteins represent an ancient family of splicing factors, conserved through evolution. All members share an RNA recognition motif (RRM), and a particular affinity for the GCAUG signature in target RNA molecules. The role of Rbfox, as a splice factor, deciding the tissue-specific inclusion/exclusion of an exon, depending on its binding position on the flanking introns, is well known. Rbfox often acts in concert with other splicing factors, and forms splicing regulatory networks. Apart from this canonical role, recent studies show that Rbfox can also function as a transcription co-factor, and affects mRNA stability and translation. The repertoire of Rbfox targets is vast, including genes involved in the development of tissue lineages, such as neurogenesis, myogenesis, and erythropoeiesis, and molecular processes, including cytoskeletal dynamics, and calcium handling. A second layer of complexity is added by the fact that Rbfox expression itself is regulated by multiple mechanisms, and, in vertebrates, exhibits tissue-specific expression. The optimum dosage of Rbfox is critical, and its misexpression is etiological to various disease conditions. In this review, we discuss the contextual roles played by Rbfox as a tissue-specific regulator for the expression of many important genes with diverse functions, through the lens of the emerging data which highlights its involvement in many human diseases. Furthermore, we explore the mechanistic details provided by studies in model organisms, with emphasis on the work with Drosophila. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > Splicing Mechanisms RNA Interactions with Proteins and Other Molecules > Protein-RNA Interactions: Functional Implications RNA Turnover and Surveillance > Regulation of RNA Stability RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amartya Mukherjee
- Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Upendra Nongthomba
- Department of Developmental Biology and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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3
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The Diagnosis of Early Fetal Cardiac Changes of the Gestational Diabetic Mothers: Presenting the Preload Index. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/ijp.86450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Nikonova E, Kao SY, Ravichandran K, Wittner A, Spletter ML. Conserved functions of RNA-binding proteins in muscle. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 110:29-49. [PMID: 30818081 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Animals require different types of muscle for survival, for example for circulation, motility, reproduction and digestion. Much emphasis in the muscle field has been placed on understanding how transcriptional regulation generates diverse types of muscle during development. Recent work indicates that alternative splicing and RNA regulation are as critical to muscle development, and altered function of RNA-binding proteins causes muscle disease. Although hundreds of genes predicted to bind RNA are expressed in muscles, many fewer have been functionally characterized. We present a cross-species view summarizing what is known about RNA-binding protein function in muscle, from worms and flies to zebrafish, mice and humans. In particular, we focus on alternative splicing regulated by the CELF, MBNL and RBFOX families of proteins. We discuss the systemic nature of diseases associated with loss of RNA-binding proteins in muscle, focusing on mis-regulation of CELF and MBNL in myotonic dystrophy. These examples illustrate the conservation of RNA-binding protein function and the marked utility of genetic model systems in understanding mechanisms of RNA regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Nikonova
- Biomedical Center, Department of Physiological Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Großhaderner Str. 9, 82152, Martinsried-Planegg, Germany
| | - Shao-Yen Kao
- Biomedical Center, Department of Physiological Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Großhaderner Str. 9, 82152, Martinsried-Planegg, Germany
| | - Keshika Ravichandran
- Biomedical Center, Department of Physiological Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Großhaderner Str. 9, 82152, Martinsried-Planegg, Germany
| | - Anja Wittner
- Biomedical Center, Department of Physiological Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Großhaderner Str. 9, 82152, Martinsried-Planegg, Germany
| | - Maria L Spletter
- Biomedical Center, Department of Physiological Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-University München, Großhaderner Str. 9, 82152, Martinsried-Planegg, Germany; Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM) at the Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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5
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Lacey CJ, Doudney K, Bridgman PG, George PM, Mulder RT, Zarifeh JJ, Kimber B, Cadzow MJ, Black MA, Merriman TR, Lehnert K, Bickley VM, Pearson JF, Cameron VA, Kennedy MA. Copy number variants implicate cardiac function and development pathways in earthquake-induced stress cardiomyopathy. Sci Rep 2018; 8:7548. [PMID: 29765130 PMCID: PMC5954162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-25827-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathophysiology of stress cardiomyopathy (SCM), also known as takotsubo syndrome, is poorly understood. SCM usually occurs sporadically, often in association with a stressful event, but clusters of cases are reported after major natural disasters. There is some evidence that this is a familial condition. We have examined three possible models for an underlying genetic predisposition to SCM. Our primary study cohort consists of 28 women who suffered SCM as a result of two devastating earthquakes that struck the city of Christchurch, New Zealand, in 2010 and 2011. To seek possible underlying genetic factors we carried out exome analysis, genotyping array analysis, and array comparative genomic hybridization on these subjects. The most striking finding was the observation of a markedly elevated rate of rare, heterogeneous copy number variants (CNV) of uncertain clinical significance (in 12/28 subjects). Several of these CNVs impacted on genes of cardiac relevance including RBFOX1, GPC5, KCNRG, CHODL, and GPBP1L1. There is no physical overlap between the CNVs, and the genes they impact do not appear to be functionally related. The recognition that SCM predisposition may be associated with a high rate of rare CNVs offers a novel perspective on this enigmatic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron J Lacey
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
| | - Kit Doudney
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Paul G Bridgman
- Department of Cardiology, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Peter M George
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Roger T Mulder
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Julie J Zarifeh
- Psychiatric Consultation Service, Christchurch Hospital, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Bridget Kimber
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Murray J Cadzow
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Michael A Black
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Tony R Merriman
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Klaus Lehnert
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Vivienne M Bickley
- Molecular Pathology Laboratory, Canterbury Health Laboratories, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - John F Pearson
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Unit, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Vicky A Cameron
- Christchurch Heart Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Martin A Kennedy
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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Hagen EM, Sicko RJ, Kay DM, Rigler SL, Dimopoulos A, Ahmad S, Doleman MH, Fan R, Romitti PA, Browne ML, Caggana M, Brody LC, Shaw GM, Jelliffe-Pawlowski LL, Mills JL. Copy-number variant analysis of classic heterotaxy highlights the importance of body patterning pathways. Hum Genet 2016; 135:1355-1364. [PMID: 27637763 PMCID: PMC5065782 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-016-1727-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Classic heterotaxy consists of congenital heart defects with abnormally positioned thoracic and abdominal organs. We aimed to uncover novel, genomic copy-number variants (CNVs) in classic heterotaxy cases. A microarray containing 2.5 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was used to genotype 69 infants (cases) with classic heterotaxy identified from California live births from 1998 to 2009. CNVs were identified using the PennCNV software. We identified 56 rare CNVs encompassing genes in the NODAL (NIPBL, TBX6), BMP (PPP4C), and WNT (FZD3) signaling pathways, not previously linked to classic heterotaxy. We also identified a CNV involving FGF12, a gene previously noted in a classic heterotaxy case. CNVs involving RBFOX1 and near MIR302F were detected in multiple cases. Our findings illustrate the importance of body patterning pathways for cardiac development and left/right axes determination. FGF12, RBFOX1, and MIR302F could be important in human heterotaxy, because they were noted in multiple cases. Further investigation into genes involved in the NODAL, BMP, and WNT body patterning pathways and into the dosage effects of FGF12, RBFOX1, and MIR302F is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Hagen
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6100 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Robert J Sicko
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12201-2002, USA
| | - Denise M Kay
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12201-2002, USA
| | - Shannon L Rigler
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6100 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Aggeliki Dimopoulos
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6100 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Shabbir Ahmad
- California Birth Defects Monitoring Program, California Department of Public Health, 1615 Capitol Avenue, MS 8304, Sacramento, CA, 95899-7420, USA
| | - Margaret H Doleman
- California Birth Defects Monitoring Program, California Department of Public Health, 1615 Capitol Avenue, MS 8304, Sacramento, CA, 95899-7420, USA
| | - Ruzong Fan
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6100 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Paul A Romitti
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, 145 N. Riverside Drive, S416 CPHB, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Marilyn L Browne
- Congenital Malformations Registry, New York State Department of Health, Empire State Plaza-Corning Tower, Albany, NY, 12237, USA
- University at Albany School of Public Health, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Michele Caggana
- Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 120 New Scotland Avenue, Albany, NY, 12201-2002, USA
| | - Lawrence C Brody
- Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Building 50, 50 South Drive, MSC 8004, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Gary M Shaw
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Medical Office Building, 1265 Welch Road Room X159, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Laura L Jelliffe-Pawlowski
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, 550 16th Street, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - James L Mills
- Division of Intramural Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 6100 Executive Boulevard, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
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7
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Sanhal CY, Daglar HK, Kara O, Uygur D, Yucel A. Assessment of fetal myocardial performance index in women with pregestational and gestational diabetes mellitus. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2016; 43:65-72. [DOI: 10.1111/jog.13174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cem Yasar Sanhal
- Department of Perinatology; Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Care, Training and Research Hospital; Ankara Turkey
| | - Halil Korkut Daglar
- Department of Perinatology; Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Care, Training and Research Hospital; Ankara Turkey
| | - Ozgur Kara
- Department of Perinatology; Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Care, Training and Research Hospital; Ankara Turkey
| | - Dilek Uygur
- Department of Perinatology; Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Care, Training and Research Hospital; Ankara Turkey
| | - Aykan Yucel
- Department of Perinatology; Zekai Tahir Burak Women's Health Care, Training and Research Hospital; Ankara Turkey
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Conboy JG. Developmental regulation of RNA processing by Rbfox proteins. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-RNA 2016; 8. [PMID: 27748060 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.1398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The Rbfox genes encode an ancient family of sequence-specific RNA binding proteins (RBPs) that are critical developmental regulators in multiple tissues including skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and brain. The hallmark of Rbfox proteins is a single high-affinity RRM domain, highly conserved from insects to humans, that binds preferentially to UGCAUG motifs at diverse regulatory sites in pre-mRNA introns, mRNA 3'UTRs, and pre-miRNAs hairpin structures. Versatile regulatory circuits operate on Rbfox pre-mRNA and mRNA to ensure proper expression of Rbfox1 protein isoforms, which then act on the broader transcriptome to regulate alternative splicing networks, mRNA stability and translation, and microRNA processing. Complex Rbfox expression is encoded in large genes encompassing multiple promoters and alternative splicing options that govern spatiotemporal expression of structurally distinct and tissue-specific protein isoforms with different classes of RNA targets. Nuclear Rbfox1 is a candidate master regulator that binds intronic UGCAUG elements to impact splicing efficiency of target alternative exons, many in transcripts for other splicing regulators. Tissue-specificity of Rbfox-mediated alternative splicing is executed by combinatorial regulation through the integrated activity of Rbfox proteins and synergistic or antagonistic splicing factors. Studies in animal models show that Rbfox1-related genes are critical for diverse developmental processes including germ cell differentiation and memory in Drosophila, neuronal migration and function in mouse brain, myoblast fusion and skeletal muscle function, and normal heart function. Finally, genetic and biochemical evidence suggest that aberrations in Rbfox-regulated circuitry are risk factors for multiple human disorders, especially neurodevelopmental disorders including epilepsy and autism, and cardiac hypertrophy. WIREs RNA 2017, 8:e1398. doi: 10.1002/wrna.1398 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- John G Conboy
- Biological Systems and Engineering Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
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Ladd AN. New Insights Into the Role of RNA-Binding Proteins in the Regulation of Heart Development. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2016; 324:125-85. [PMID: 27017008 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The regulation of gene expression during development takes place both at the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) regulate pre-mRNA processing, mRNA localization, stability, and translation. Many RBPs are expressed in the heart and have been implicated in heart development, function, or disease. This chapter will review the current knowledge about RBPs in the developing heart, focusing on those that regulate posttranscriptional gene expression. The involvement of RBPs at each stage of heart development will be considered in turn, including the establishment of specific cardiac cell types and formation of the primitive heart tube, cardiac morphogenesis, and postnatal maturation and aging. The contributions of RBPs to cardiac birth defects and heart disease will also be considered in these contexts. Finally, the interplay between RBPs and other regulatory factors in the developing heart, such as transcription factors and miRNAs, will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A N Ladd
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States of America.
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Blech-Hermoni Y, Ladd AN. RNA binding proteins in the regulation of heart development. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2013; 45:2467-78. [PMID: 23973289 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2013.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In vivo, RNA molecules are constantly accompanied by RNA binding proteins (RBPs), which are intimately involved in every step of RNA biology, including transcription, editing, splicing, transport and localization, stability, and translation. RBPs therefore have opportunities to shape gene expression at multiple levels. This capacity is particularly important during development, when dynamic chemical and physical changes give rise to complex organs and tissues. This review discusses RBPs in the context of heart development. Since the targets and functions of most RBPs--in the heart and at large--are not fully understood, this review focuses on the expression and roles of RBPs that have been implicated in specific stages of heart development or developmental pathology. RBPs are involved in nearly every stage of cardiogenesis, including the formation, morphogenesis, and maturation of the heart. A fuller understanding of the roles and substrates of these proteins could ultimately provide attractive targets for the design of therapies for congenital heart defects, cardiovascular disease, or cardiac tissue repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yotam Blech-Hermoni
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Program in Cell Biology, Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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11
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Zhao WW. Intragenic deletion of RBFOX1 associated with neurodevelopmental/neuropsychiatric disorders and possibly other clinical presentations. Mol Cytogenet 2013; 6:26. [PMID: 23822903 PMCID: PMC3766065 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-6-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND RBFOX1 is an important splicing factor regulating developmental and tissue-specific alternative splicing in heart, muscle, and neuronal tissues. Constitutional genetic defects in RBFOX1 are implicated in multiple medical conditions. RESULTS We identified 14 copy number variants (CNV) involving RBFOX1 from 2,124 consecutive pediatric patients referred for chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), including 13 intragenic deletions and a single intragenic duplication. The clinical significances of the intragenic deletions of RBFOX1 were evaluated. CONCLUSIONS Our data strongly supports the associations of intragenic deletions of RBFOX1 with a diversity of neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders, and possibly other clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Zhao
- Department of Molecular Pathology, KingMed Genome Diagnostic Laboratory, 2429 XinGangDong Road, Haizhu Science and Technology Building, Guangzhou 510330, China.
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12
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Bao B, Zhang L, Hu H, Yin S, Liang Z. Deletion of a single-copy DAAM1 gene in congenital heart defect: a case report. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2012; 13:63. [PMID: 22857009 PMCID: PMC3482563 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-13-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2011] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With an increasing incidence of congenital heart defects (CHDs) in recent years, genotype-phenotype correlation and array-based methods have contributed to the genome-wide analysis and understanding of genetic variations in the CHD population. Here, we report a copy number deletion of chromosomal 14q23.1 in a female fetus with complex congenital heart defects. This is the first description of DAAM1 gene deletion associated with congenital heart anomalies. CASE PRESENTATION Compared with the control population, one CHD fetus showed a unique copy number deletion of 14q23.1, a region that harbored DAAM1 and KIAA0666 genes. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that the copy number deletion on chromosome 14q23.1 may be critical for cardiogenesis. However, the exact relationship and mechanism of how DAAM1 and KIAA0666 deletion contributes to the onset of CHD is yet to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bihui Bao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, South-West Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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13
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Welzel F, Kaehler C, Isau M, Hallen L, Lehrach H, Krobitsch S. FOX-2 dependent splicing of ataxin-2 transcript is affected by ataxin-1 overexpression. PLoS One 2012; 7:e37985. [PMID: 22666429 PMCID: PMC3364202 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2012] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing is a fundamental posttranscriptional mechanism for controlling gene expression, and splicing defects have been linked to various human disorders. The splicing factor FOX-2 is part of a main protein interaction hub in a network related to human inherited ataxias, however, its impact remains to be elucidated. Here, we focused on the reported interaction between FOX-2 and ataxin-1, the disease-causing protein in spinocerebellar ataxia type 1. In this line, we further evaluated this interaction by yeast-2-hybrid analyses and co-immunoprecipitation experiments in mammalian cells. Interestingly, we discovered that FOX-2 localization and splicing activity is affected in the presence of nuclear ataxin-1 inclusions. Moreover, we observed that FOX-2 directly interacts with ataxin-2, a protein modulating spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 pathogenesis. Finally, we provide evidence that splicing of pre-mRNA of ataxin-2 depends on FOX-2 activity, since reduction of FOX-2 levels led to increased skipping of exon 18 in ataxin-2 transcripts. Most striking, we observed that ataxin-1 overexpression has an effect on this splicing event as well. Thus, our results demonstrate that FOX-2 is involved in splicing of ataxin-2 transcripts and that this splicing event is altered by overexpression of ataxin-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Welzel
- Otto Warburg Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Kaehler
- Otto Warburg Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie Isau
- Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Linda Hallen
- Otto Warburg Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hans Lehrach
- Department of Vertebrate Genomics, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sylvia Krobitsch
- Otto Warburg Laboratory, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
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14
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Diverse ability of maternal immune stimulation to reduce birth defects in mice exposed to teratogens: a review. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2011; 3:132-9. [DOI: 10.1017/s204017441100078x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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