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Nymark P, Bakker M, Dekkers S, Franken R, Fransman W, García-Bilbao A, Greco D, Gulumian M, Hadrup N, Halappanavar S, Hongisto V, Hougaard KS, Jensen KA, Kohonen P, Koivisto AJ, Dal Maso M, Oosterwijk T, Poikkimäki M, Rodriguez-Llopis I, Stierum R, Sørli JB, Grafström R. Toward Rigorous Materials Production: New Approach Methodologies Have Extensive Potential to Improve Current Safety Assessment Practices. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e1904749. [PMID: 31913582 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201904749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Advanced material development, including at the nanoscale, comprises costly and complex challenges coupled to ensuring human and environmental safety. Governmental agencies regulating safety have announced interest toward acceptance of safety data generated under the collective term New Approach Methodologies (NAMs), as such technologies/approaches offer marked potential to progress the integration of safety testing measures during innovation from idea to product launch of nanomaterials. Divided in overall eight main categories, searchable databases for grouping and read across purposes, exposure assessment and modeling, in silico modeling of physicochemical structure and hazard data, in vitro high-throughput and high-content screening assays, dose-response assessments and modeling, analyses of biological processes and toxicity pathways, kinetics and dose extrapolation, consideration of relevant exposure levels and biomarker endpoints typify such useful NAMs. Their application generally agrees with articulated stakeholder needs for improvement of safety testing procedures. They further fit for inclusion and add value in nanomaterials risk assessment tools. Overall 37 of 50 evaluated NAMs and tiered workflows applying NAMs are recommended for considering safer-by-design innovation, including guidance to the selection of specific NAMs in the eight categories. An innovation funnel enriched with safety methods is ultimately proposed under the central aim of promoting rigorous nanomaterials innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penny Nymark
- Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nobels väg 13, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Toxicology, Misvik Biology, Karjakatu 35 B, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Martine Bakker
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Susan Dekkers
- National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, RIVM, P.O. Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Remy Franken
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, TNO, P.O. Box 96800, NL-2509 JE, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter Fransman
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, TNO, P.O. Box 96800, NL-2509 JE, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Amaia García-Bilbao
- GAIKER Technology Centre, Parque Tecnológico, Ed. 202, 48170, Zamudio, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Dario Greco
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 6, 33720, Tampere, Finland
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mary Gulumian
- National Institute for Occupational Health, 25 Hospital St, Constitution Hill, 2000, Johannesburg, South Africa
- Haematology and Molecular Medicine Department, University of the Witwatersrand, 7 York Road, Parktown, 2193, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Niels Hadrup
- National Research Center for the Work Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sabina Halappanavar
- Environmental Health Science and Research Bureau, Health Canada, 50 Colombine Driveway, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Vesa Hongisto
- Department of Toxicology, Misvik Biology, Karjakatu 35 B, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Karin Sørig Hougaard
- National Research Center for the Work Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Keld Alstrup Jensen
- National Research Center for the Work Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pekka Kohonen
- Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nobels väg 13, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Toxicology, Misvik Biology, Karjakatu 35 B, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Antti Joonas Koivisto
- National Research Center for the Work Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Miikka Dal Maso
- Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 6, 33720, Tampere, Finland
| | - Thies Oosterwijk
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, TNO, P.O. Box 96800, NL-2509 JE, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Mikko Poikkimäki
- Aerosol Physics Laboratory, Physics Unit, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 6, 33720, Tampere, Finland
| | | | - Rob Stierum
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research, TNO, P.O. Box 96800, NL-2509 JE, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - Jorid Birkelund Sørli
- National Research Center for the Work Environment, Lersø Parkallé 105, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roland Grafström
- Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nobels väg 13, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Toxicology, Misvik Biology, Karjakatu 35 B, 20520, Turku, Finland
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Gubala V, Johnston LJ, Krug HF, Moore CJ, Ober CK, Schwenk M, Vert M. Engineered nanomaterials and human health: Part 2. Applications and nanotoxicology (IUPAC Technical Report). PURE APPL CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2017-0102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
AbstractResearch on engineered nanomaterials (ENM) has progressed rapidly from the very early stages of studying their unique, size-dependent physicochemical properties and commercial exploration to the development of products that influence our everyday lives. We have previously reviewed various methods for synthesis, surface functionalization, and analytical characterization of ENM in a publication titled ‘Engineered Nanomaterials: Preparation, Functionalization and Characterization’. In this second, inter-linked document, we first provide an overview of important applications of ENM in products relevant to human healthcare and consumer goods, such as food, textiles, and cosmetics. We then highlight the challenges for the design and development of new ENM for bio-applications, particularly in the rapidly developing nanomedicine sector. The second part of this document is dedicated to nanotoxicology studies of ENM in consumer products. We describe the various biological targets where toxicity may occur, summarize the four nanotoxicology principles, and discuss the need for careful consideration of the biodistribution, degradation, and elimination routes of nanosized materials before they can be safely used. Finally, we review expert opinions on the risk, regulation, and ethical aspects of using engineered nanomaterials in applications that may have direct or indirect impact on human health or our environment.
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Drew NM, Kuempel ED, Pei Y, Yang F. A quantitative framework to group nanoscale and microscale particles by hazard potency to derive occupational exposure limits: Proof of concept evaluation. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 89:253-267. [PMID: 28789940 PMCID: PMC5875420 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The large and rapidly growing number of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) presents a challenge to assessing the potential occupational health risks. An initial database of 25 rodent studies including 1929 animals across various experimental designs and material types was constructed to identify materials that are similar with respect to their potency in eliciting neutrophilic pulmonary inflammation, a response relevant to workers. Doses were normalized across rodent species, strain, and sex as the estimated deposited particle mass dose per gram of lung. Doses associated with specific measures of pulmonary inflammation were estimated by modeling the continuous dose-response relationships using benchmark dose modeling. Hierarchical clustering was used to identify similar materials. The 18 nanoscale and microscale particles were classified into four potency groups, which varied by factors of approximately two to 100. Benchmark particles microscale TiO2 and crystalline silica were in the lowest and highest potency groups, respectively. Random forest methods were used to identify the important physicochemical predictors of pulmonary toxicity, and group assignments were correctly predicted for five of six new ENMs. Proof-of-concept was demonstrated for this framework. More comprehensive data are needed for further development and validation for use in deriving categorical occupational exposure limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan M Drew
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Nanotechnology Research Center (NTRC), Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA.
| | - Eileen D Kuempel
- National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Nanotechnology Research Center (NTRC), Cincinnati, OH 45226, USA
| | - Ying Pei
- West Virginia University, Department of Industrial and Management System Engineering, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Feng Yang
- West Virginia University, Department of Industrial and Management System Engineering, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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Beck-Broichsitter M. Biophysical Activity of Impaired Lung Surfactant upon Exposure to Polymer Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:10422-10429. [PMID: 27641633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b02893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal drug carriers could improve the therapy of numerous airway diseases. However, it remains unclear to what extent nanoscale particulate matter affects the biophysical function of the essential surface-active lining layer of the lungs, especially under predisposed conditions of airway diseases. Accordingly, the current study investigated the impact of defined polymer nanoparticles on impaired lung surfactants. Admixtures of plasma proteins (albumin and fibrinogen) to Curosurf led to a controllable decrease in surface activity (i.e., adsorption and minimal surface tension of >25 and >5 mN/m, respectively), which served as models for dysfunctional lung surfactants. Next, Curosurf preincubated with plasma proteins was challenged with negatively- and positively charged poly(lactide) nanoparticles. Negatively charged nanoparticles significantly perturbed the biophysical function of impaired Curosurf in a dose-dependent manner, most-likely due to a binding of essential surfactant components. By contrast, addition of positively charged nanoparticles led to no further loss of surface activity, but a remarkable depletion of plasma protein content. Once adsorbed to the surface of polymer nanoparticles, plasma proteins were hindered to displace relevant surfactant components from the air/liquid interface. Overall, the current study indicated that, depending on their physicochemical properties, colloidal drug carriers could compromise the biophysical function of impaired lung surfactants. Notably, a positive surface charge represents a parameter for the rationale design of polymer nanomedicines causing negligible adverse events on an impaired surface-active lining layer in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Beck-Broichsitter
- Medical Clinic II, Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig-Universität , 35392 Giessen, Germany
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