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Hanemaaijer MJ, Houston PD, Collier TC, Norris LC, Fofana A, Lanzaro GC, Cornel AJ, Lee Y. Mitochondrial genomes of Anopheles arabiensis, An. gambiae and An. coluzzii show no clear species division. F1000Res 2018; 7:347. [PMID: 31069048 PMCID: PMC6489993 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.13807.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Here we report the complete mitochondrial sequences of 70 individual field collected mosquito specimens from throughout Sub-Saharan Africa. We generated this dataset to identify species specific markers for the following Anopheles species and chromosomal forms: An. arabiensis, An. coluzzii (The Forest and Mopti chromosomal forms) and An. gambiae (The Bamako and Savannah chromosomal forms). The raw Illumina sequencing reads were mapped to the NC_002084 reference mitogenome sequence. A total of 783 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected on the mitochondrial genome, of which 460 are singletons (58.7%). None of these SNPs are suitable as molecular markers to distinguish among An. arabiensis, An. coluzzii and An. gambiae or any of the chromosomal forms. The lack of species or chromosomal form specific markers is also reflected in the constructed phylogenetic tree, which shows no clear division among the operational taxonomic units considered here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. Hanemaaijer
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis , Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Parker D. Houston
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis , Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Travis C. Collier
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis , Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Laura C. Norris
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis , Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Abdrahamane Fofana
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Bamako, Bamako, E2528, Mali
| | - Gregory C. Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis , Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Anthony J. Cornel
- Mosquito Control Research Laboratory, Kearney Agricultural Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 93648, USA
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis , Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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Hanemaaijer MJ, Houston PD, Collier TC, Norris LC, Fofana A, Lanzaro GC, Cornel AJ, Lee Y. Mitochondrial genomes of Anopheles arabiensis, An. gambiae and An. coluzzii show no clear species division. F1000Res 2018; 7:347. [PMID: 31069048 PMCID: PMC6489993 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.13807.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Here we report the complete mitochondrial sequences of 70 individual field collected mosquito specimens from throughout Sub-Saharan Africa. We generated this dataset to identify species specific markers for the following Anopheles species and chromosomal forms: An. arabiensis, An. coluzzii (The Forest and Mopti chromosomal forms) and An. gambiae (The Bamako and Savannah chromosomal forms). The raw Illumina sequencing reads were mapped to the NC_002084 reference mitogenome sequence. A total of 783 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected on the mitochondrial genome, of which 460 are singletons (58.7%). None of these SNPs are suitable as molecular markers to distinguish among An. arabiensis, An. coluzzii and An. gambiae or any of the chromosomal forms. The lack of species or chromosomal form specific markers is also reflected in the constructed phylogenetic tree, which shows no clear division among the operational taxonomic units considered here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark J. Hanemaaijer
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis , Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Parker D. Houston
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis , Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Travis C. Collier
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis , Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Laura C. Norris
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis , Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Abdrahamane Fofana
- Malaria Research and Training Center, University of Bamako, Bamako, E2528, Mali
| | - Gregory C. Lanzaro
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis , Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Anthony J. Cornel
- Mosquito Control Research Laboratory, Kearney Agricultural Center, Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, 93648, USA
| | - Yoosook Lee
- Vector Genetics Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, University of California Davis , Davis, CA, 95616, USA
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Ajamma YU, Mararo E, Omondi D, Onchuru T, Muigai AWT, Masiga D, Villinger J. Rapid and high throughput molecular identification of diverse mosquito species by high resolution melting analysis. F1000Res 2016; 5:1949. [PMID: 27703667 PMCID: PMC5031131 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.9224.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes are a diverse group of invertebrates, with members that are among the most important vectors of diseases. The correct identification of mosquitoes is paramount to the control of the diseases that they transmit. However, morphological techniques depend on the quality of the specimen and often unavailable taxonomic expertise, which may still not be able to distinguish mosquitoes among species complexes (sibling and cryptic species). High resolution melting (HRM) analyses, a closed-tube, post-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method used to identify variations in nucleic acid sequences, has been used to differentiate species within the
Anopheles gambiae and
Culex pipiens complexes. We validated the use of PCR-HRM analyses to differentiate species within
Anopheles and within each of six genera of culicine mosquitoes, comparing primers targeting cytochrome b (
cyt b), NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1), intergenic spacer region (IGS) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (
COI) gene regions. HRM analyses of amplicons from all the six primer pairs successfully differentiated two or more mosquito species within one or more genera (
Aedes (
Ae. vittatus from
Ae. metallicus),
Culex (
Cx. tenagius from
Cx. antennatus,
Cx. neavei from
Cx. duttoni, cryptic
Cx. pipiens species),
Anopheles (
An. gambiae s.s. from
An. arabiensis) and
Mansonia (
Ma. africana from
Ma. uniformis)) based on their HRM profiles. However, PCR-HRM could not distinguish between species within
Aedeomyia (
Ad. africana and
Ad. furfurea),
Mimomyia (
Mi. hispida and
Mi. splendens) and
Coquillettidia (
Cq. aurites,
Cq. chrysosoma,
Cq. fuscopennata,
Cq. metallica,
Cq. microannulatus,
Cq. pseudoconopas and
Cq. versicolor) genera using any of the primers. The IGS and COI barcode region primers gave the best and most definitive separation of mosquito species among anopheline and culicine mosquito genera, respectively, while the other markers may serve to confirm identifications of closely related sub-species. This approach can be employed for rapid identification of mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Ukamaka Ajamma
- Martin Lüscher Emerging Infectious Diseases (ML-EID) Laboratory, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Botany (Genetics), Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Juja, Kenya
| | - Enock Mararo
- Martin Lüscher Emerging Infectious Diseases (ML-EID) Laboratory, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - David Omondi
- Martin Lüscher Emerging Infectious Diseases (ML-EID) Laboratory, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Egerton University, Egerton, Kenya; Molecular Biology and Virology Laboratory, Department of Medical Biosciences, University of Western Cape, South Africa
| | - Thomas Onchuru
- Martin Lüscher Emerging Infectious Diseases (ML-EID) Laboratory, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya; Insect Symbiosis Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology (MPI-CE), Jena, Germany; Department for Evolutionary Ecology, Institute for Zoology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anne W T Muigai
- Department of Botany (Genetics), Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Juja, Kenya
| | - Daniel Masiga
- Martin Lüscher Emerging Infectious Diseases (ML-EID) Laboratory, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Jandouwe Villinger
- Martin Lüscher Emerging Infectious Diseases (ML-EID) Laboratory, International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, Kenya
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Yssouf A, Almeras L, Raoult D, Parola P. Emerging tools for identification of arthropod vectors. Future Microbiol 2016; 11:549-66. [PMID: 27070074 DOI: 10.2217/fmb.16.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid and reliable identification of arthropod vector species is an essential component of the fight against vector-borne diseases. However, owing to the lack of entomological expertise required for the morphological identification method, development of alternative and complementary tools is needed. This review describes the main methods used for arthropod identification, focusing on the emergence of protein profiling using MALDI-TOF MS technology. Sample preparation, analysis of reproducibility, database creation and blind tests for controlling accuracy of this tool for arthropod identification are described. The advantages and limitations of the MALDI-TOF MS method are illustrated by emphasizing different hematophagous arthropods, including mosquitoes and ticks, the top two main vectors of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amina Yssouf
- Aix Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198 (Dakar, Sénégal), Inserm 1095, Faculté de Médecine, 27 bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France
| | - Lionel Almeras
- Aix Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198 (Dakar, Sénégal), Inserm 1095, Faculté de Médecine, 27 bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198 (Dakar, Sénégal), Inserm 1095, Faculté de Médecine, 27 bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France
| | - Philippe Parola
- Aix Marseille Université, Unité de Recherche en Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales Emergentes (URMITE), UM63, CNRS 7278, IRD 198 (Dakar, Sénégal), Inserm 1095, Faculté de Médecine, 27 bd Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France
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Conn JE. News from Africa: Novel Anopheline Species Transmit Plasmodium in Western Kenya. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2016; 94:251-252. [PMID: 26787151 PMCID: PMC4751942 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jan E. Conn
- *Address correspondence to Jan E. Conn, Griffin Laboratory, Wadsworth Center, New York State Department of Health, 5668 State Farm Road, Slingerlands, Albany, NY 12159. E-mail:
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