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Tometsuka C, Funato N, Mizuno K, Taga Y. Long-term intake of ginger protease-degraded collagen hydrolysate reduces blood lipid levels and adipocyte size in mice. Curr Res Food Sci 2021; 4:175-181. [PMID: 33870215 PMCID: PMC8044596 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Collagen hydrolysate has various beneficial effects, such as bone strengthening, joint/skin protection and lipid metabolism regulation. In this study, the anti-obesity activity of ginger protease-degraded collagen hydrolysate (GDCH) was evaluated in BALB/c mice fed diets containing 14% casein (control group) or 10% casein +4% GDCH (GDCH group) for 10 weeks. In the GDCH group, triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol (CHO) levels in blood and adipocyte size in white adipose tissue were significantly decreased compared with those of the control group. Further, gene expression related to fatty acid synthesis, such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase, fatty acid synthase and stearoyl-CoA desaturase, was decreased in the liver and white adipose tissue of GDCH-fed mice. On the other hand, single oral administration of GDCH did not result in decrease in blood TG and CHO compared with vehicle and casein in ICR mice pre-administered soybean oil. These results suggest that the GDCH-induced decreases in tissue and blood lipids occur through long-term alterations in lipid metabolism, not transient inhibition of lipid absorption. The lipid-lowering effects exhibited by partial substitution of casein with GDCH imply the possibility that daily supplementation of GDCH contributes to prevention/attenuation of obesity and hyperlipidemia. Long-term feeding of ginger-protease degraded collagen hydrolysate (GDCH) in mice. Blood triglycerides and cholesterol were decreased by GDCH intake. Adipocyte size of white adipose tissue was reduced by GDCH intake. Fatty acid synthesis genes were down-regulated by GDCH intake.
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Key Words
- Adipocyte
- CHO, cholesterol
- Cholesterol
- Collagen hydrolysate
- E-CHO, esterified CHO
- Fatty acid synthesis genes
- F–CHO, free CHO
- GDCH, ginger protease-degraded collagen hydrolysate
- Gly, glycine
- Hyp, hydroxyproline
- Lipid metabolism
- PPARα, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha
- Pro, proline
- SREBP-1, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1" to the behind of "prorine
- T-CHO, total CHO
- TG, triglyceride
- Triglyceride
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Affiliation(s)
- Chisa Tometsuka
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, 520-11 Kuwabara, Toride, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Noriko Funato
- Department of Signal Gene Regulation, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan.,Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kazunori Mizuno
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, 520-11 Kuwabara, Toride, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
| | - Yuki Taga
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, 520-11 Kuwabara, Toride, Ibaraki, 302-0017, Japan
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Chernukha I, Kotenkova E. A randomised controlled trial of innovative specialised meat product for patients with cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. POTRAVINARSTVO 2020. [DOI: 10.5219/1298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain one of the leading causes of death globally. A lot of dietary patterns for CVD prevention have been proposed, but special attention is paid to functional foods. Bioactive proteins and peptides from animal sources are also considered tools for the prevention of CVDs. Here, 40 overweight or obese adult men and women aged between 61 and 66 years, with a body-mass index between 28 and 61 kg.m-2, were enrolled into a randomised controlled trial of new meat products for specialised nutrition. Participants in the control group (n = 20) consumed a standard hyponatric low-calorie diet for 28-30 days (10 days inpatient and 18-20 days outpatient), and in the experimental group – a low-calorie diet and 100g developed meat product (ratio of the porcine aorta to hearts 1:3) per day. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, cholesterol low-density lipoprotein, and cholesterol high-density lipoprotein levels were measured in the serum; from this, the atherogenic index was calculated. The positive effect of developed meat products on the serum lipid profile of patients during the trial was mild but noticeable. A significant reduction in cholesterol levels was noticed in the experimental group, by 18.2% and 14.0% after 7 – 10 and 28 – 30 days, respectively, while the cholesterol level in the control group returned to its original level after 28 – 30 days of dieting. The difference between the control and experimental groups was not significant, while data in the percentiles were. Therefore, it is more preferable to use a developed product as a component in diet therapy for hyperlipidaemic humans for over 28 – 30 days. Pronounced effects of the product could be linked to the unique proteome and peptidome of heart and aorta tissues based on organ-specific gene expression and the presence of tissue-specific substances.
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An SM, Kim MJ, Seong KY, Jeong JS, Kang HG, Kim SY, Kim DS, Kang DH, Yang SY, An BS. Intracutaneous Delivery of Gelatins Reduces Fat Accumulation in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue. Toxicol Res 2019; 35:395-402. [PMID: 31636850 PMCID: PMC6791662 DOI: 10.5487/tr.2019.35.4.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) accumulation is a constitutional disorder resulting from metabolic syndrome. Although surgical and non-surgical methods for reducing SAT exist, patients remain non-compliant because of potential adverse effects and cost. In this study, we developed a new minimally-invasive approach to achieve SAT reduction, using a microneedle (MN) patch prepared from gelatin, which is capable of regulating fat metabolism. Four gelatin types were used: three derived from fish (SA-FG, GT-FG 220, and GT-FG 250), and one from swine (SM-PG 280). We applied gelatin-based MN patches five times over 4 weeks to rats with high-fat diet (HD)-induced obesity, and determined the resulting amount of SAT. We also investigated the histological features and determined the expression levels of fat metabolism-associated genes in SAT using hematoxylin and eosin staining and western blotting, respectively. SAT decreased following treatment with all four gelatin MN patches. Smaller adipocytes were observed in the regions treated with SA-FG, GT-FG 250, and SM-PG 280 MNs, demonstrating a decline in fat accumulation. The expression levels of fat metabolism-associated genes in the MN-treated SAT revealed that GT-FG 220 regulates fatty acid synthase (FASN) protein levels. These findings suggest that gelatin MN patches aid in decreasing the quantity of unwanted SAT by altering lipid metabolism and fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Min An
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Min Jae Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Keum-Yong Seong
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Jea Sic Jeong
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Hyeon-Gu Kang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - So Young Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Da Som Kim
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Da Hee Kang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Seung Yun Yang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
| | - Beum-Soo An
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, Korea
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Taga Y, Iwasaki Y, Shigemura Y, Mizuno K. Improved in Vivo Tracking of Orally Administered Collagen Hydrolysate Using Stable Isotope Labeling and LC-MS Techniques. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:4671-4678. [PMID: 30929424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b00571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Collagen-derived hydroxyproline (Hyp)-containing oligopeptides, known to have various physiological functions, are detected in blood at markedly higher concentrations after oral ingestion of collagen hydrolysate. Monitoring the absorption and metabolism of the bioactive peptides is essential to investigate the beneficial effects of collagen hydrolysate. We previously developed an internal standard mixture by sequential protease digestion of stable isotope-labeled collagen, which enabled highly accurate quantitation of collagen-derived oligopeptides by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). However, the use of proteases caused a profound imbalance in the generated peptides. Here, we employed partial acid hydrolysis to achieve more efficient and balanced peptide generation. Various stable isotope-labeled oligopeptides were detected after 0.5 h acid hydrolysis, and marked enhancement of peptide generation compared with the previous enzymatic method was observed, especially for Hyp-Gly (27.8 ± 0.6 ng/μg vs 0.231 ± 0.02 ng/μg). The acid hydrolysate was then heated to generate labeled cyclic dipeptides. Using the novel internal standard mixture in LC-MS, we were able to simultaneously quantitate 23 collagen-derived oligopeptides in human plasma and urine after oral administration of collagen hydrolysate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Taga
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix , 520-11 Kuwabara , Toride , Ibaraki 302-0017 , Japan
| | - Yu Iwasaki
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Domestic Science , Tokyo Kasei University , 1-18-1 Kaga , Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8602 , Japan
| | - Yasutaka Shigemura
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Domestic Science , Tokyo Kasei University , 1-18-1 Kaga , Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8602 , Japan
| | - Kazunori Mizuno
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix , 520-11 Kuwabara , Toride , Ibaraki 302-0017 , Japan
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Taga Y, Hayashida O, Ashour A, Amen Y, Kusubata M, Ogawa-Goto K, Shimizu K, Hattori S. Characterization of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Activity of X-Hyp-Gly-Type Tripeptides: Importance of Collagen-Specific Prolyl Hydroxylation. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:8737-8743. [PMID: 30060651 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Hydroxyproline (Hyp) is a collagen-specific amino acid formed by post-translational hydroxylation of Pro residues. Various Hyp-containing oligopeptides are transported into the blood at high concentrations after oral ingestion of collagen hydrolysate. Here we investigated the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity of X-Hyp-Gly-type tripeptides. In an in vitro assay, ginger-degraded collagen hydrolysate enriched with X-Hyp-Gly-type tripeptides dose-dependently inhibited ACE and various synthetic X-Hyp-Gly-type tripeptides showed ACE-inhibitory activity. In particular, strong inhibition was observed for Leu-Hyp-Gly, Ile-Hyp-Gly, and Val-Hyp-Gly with IC50 values of 5.5, 9.4, and 12.8 μM, respectively. Surprisingly, substitution of Hyp with Pro dramatically decreased inhibitory activity of X-Hyp-Gly, indicating that Hyp is important for ACE inhibition. This finding was supported by molecular docking experiments using Leu-Hyp-Gly/Leu-Pro-Gly. We further demonstrated that prolyl hydroxylation significantly enhanced resistance to enzymatic degradation by incubation with mouse plasma. The strong ACE-inhibitory activity and high stability of X-Hyp-Gly-type tripeptides highlight their potential for hypertension control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Taga
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix , 520-11 Kuwabara , Toride , Ibaraki 302-0017 , Japan
| | - Osamu Hayashida
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix , 520-11 Kuwabara , Toride , Ibaraki 302-0017 , Japan
| | - Ahmed Ashour
- Faculty of Agriculture , Kyushu University , 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku , Fukuoka 812-8581 , Japan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Mansoura University , Mansoura 35516 , Egypt
| | - Yhiya Amen
- Faculty of Agriculture , Kyushu University , 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku , Fukuoka 812-8581 , Japan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy , Mansoura University , Mansoura 35516 , Egypt
| | - Masashi Kusubata
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix , 520-11 Kuwabara , Toride , Ibaraki 302-0017 , Japan
| | - Kiyoko Ogawa-Goto
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix , 520-11 Kuwabara , Toride , Ibaraki 302-0017 , Japan
| | - Kuniyoshi Shimizu
- Faculty of Agriculture , Kyushu University , 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku , Fukuoka 812-8581 , Japan
| | - Shunji Hattori
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix , 520-11 Kuwabara , Toride , Ibaraki 302-0017 , Japan
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An SM, Seong KY, Yim SG, Hwang YJ, Bae SH, Yang SY, An BS. Intracutaneous delivery of gelatins induces lipolysis and suppresses lipogenesis of adipocytes. Acta Biomater 2018; 67:238-247. [PMID: 29208554 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.11.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Due to growing interest in cosmetics and medical applications, therapeutic medications that reduce the amount of local subcutaneous adipose tissue have potential for obesity treatment. However, conventional methods such as surgical operation are restricted due to risk of complications. Here, we report a simple and effective method for local reduction of subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) by using microneedle-assisted transdermal delivery of natural polymers. After in vitro screening tests, gelatin was selected as a therapeutic polymer to reduce accumulation of AT. An in vitro study showed that the level of released glycerol as an indicator of lipolysis was elevated in isolated adipocytes after gelatin treatment. In addition, gelatins suppressed expression levels of lipogenesis-associated genes. Following application of gelatin microneedle (GMN) patches to high-fat diet (HD)-induced obese rats, the amount of subcutaneous AT at the site of GMN application was significantly reduced, which was also confirmed by histological analysis and micro-computed tomography scanning. In addition, lipogenesis-associated genes were down-regulated in GMN-treated subcutaneous AT. These findings suggest that GMN patches induce lipolysis and simultaneously inhibit lipogenesis, thereby reducing deposition of subcutaneous AT. This platform using GMNs may provide a new strategy to treat excess subcutaneous AT with minimal complications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: (1) Significance This work reports a new approach for the local reduction of subcutaneous adipose tissue using a dissolving microneedle patch prepared using gelatin to enable suppression of lipogenesis and acceleration of lipolysis in adipocytes. The gelatin microneedle patch exhibited a significant reduction of local subcutaneous fat up to 60% compared to control groups without any change in total weight. (2) Scientific impact This is the first report demonstrating the direct anti-obesity effects of gelatin administrated in a transdermal route and the feasibility of natural polymer therapeutics for regional reduction of subcutaneous fat. We believe that our work will excite interdisciplinary readers of Acta Biomaterialia, those who are interested in the natural polymers, drug delivery, and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Min An
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Keum-Yong Seong
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Gu Yim
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Jun Hwang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hwan Bae
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Yun Yang
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea.
| | - Beum-Soo An
- Department of Biomaterials Science, Life and Industry Convergence Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea.
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Taga Y, Kusubata M, Ogawa-Goto K, Hattori S. Identification of Collagen-Derived Hydroxyproline (Hyp)-Containing Cyclic Dipeptides with High Oral Bioavailability: Efficient Formation of Cyclo(X-Hyp) from X-Hyp-Gly-Type Tripeptides by Heating. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:9514-9521. [PMID: 28988478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic dipeptides (2,5-diketopiperazines) are present in a variety of foods and are reported to demonstrate antioxidant, antidepressant, and other beneficial effects. We recently developed a novel collagen hydrolysate characterized by a high content of X-hydroxyproline (Hyp)-Gly-type tripeptides using ginger protease. In the present study, we found that, through heating, X-Hyp-Gly can be easily converted into Hyp-containing cyclic dipeptides. After heating for 3 h at 85 °C and pH 4.8, Ala-Hyp-Gly was almost completely cyclized to cyclo(Ala-Hyp), in contrast to a slight cyclization of Ala-Hyp. The contents of cyclo(Ala-Hyp) and cyclo(Leu-Hyp) reached 0.5-1% (w/w) each in the ginger-degraded collagen hydrolysate under the heating conditions. Oral administration experiments using mice revealed that cyclo(Ala-Hyp) and cyclo(Leu-Hyp) were absorbed into the blood at markedly higher efficiencies compared to collagenous oligopeptides, including Pro-Hyp. The high productivity and oral bioavailability of the collagen-specific cyclic dipeptides suggest significant health benefits of the heat-treated ginger-degraded collagen hydrolysate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Taga
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix , 520-11 Kuwabara, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Masashi Kusubata
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix , 520-11 Kuwabara, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Ogawa-Goto
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix , 520-11 Kuwabara, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Shunji Hattori
- Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix , 520-11 Kuwabara, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
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Collagen peptide ingestion alters lipid metabolism-related gene expression and the unfolded protein response in mouse liver. Br J Nutr 2017; 117:1-11. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114516004384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
AbstractIngestion of collagen peptide (CP) elicits beneficial effects on the body, including improvement in blood lipid profiles, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of CP ingestion on the liver, which controls lipid metabolism in the body. Male BALB/cCrSlc mice were bred with the AIN-93M diet containing 14 % casein or the AIN-93M-based low-protein diet containing 10 % casein or a diet containing 6 % casein+4 % CP for 10 weeks (n 12/group). Total, free and esterified cholesterol levels in the blood decreased in the CP group. DNA microarray analysis of the liver revealed that expressions of genes related to lipid metabolic processes such as the PPAR signalling pathway and fatty acid metabolism increased in the CP group compared with the 10 % casein group. The expressions of several genes involved in steroid metabolic process, including Cyp7a1 and Cyp8b1, were decreased, despite being targets of transcriptional regulation by PPAR. These data suggest that lipid metabolism in the liver is altered by CP ingestion, and the decrease in blood cholesterol levels in the CP group is not due to enhancement of the steroid metabolic process. On the other hand, expressions of genes related to the unfolded protein response (UPR) significantly decreased at the mRNA level, suggesting that CP ingestion lowers endoplasmic reticulum stress. Indeed, protein levels of phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme 1 decreased after CP ingestion. Taken together, CP affects the broader pathways in the liver – not only lipid metabolism but also UPR.
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