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Wang JH, Yang YF, Zhao SL, Liu HT, Xiao L, Sun L, Wu X, Yuan DC, Ma LY, Ju BZ, Liu JP. Attitudes and influencing factors associated with smoking cessation: An online cross-sectional survey in China. Tob Induc Dis 2023; 21:87. [PMID: 37377525 PMCID: PMC10291730 DOI: 10.18332/tid/166108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Quitting smoking, the critical path to reach the global targets of reducing tobacco use, can bring major and immediate health benefits to smokers. Exploring factors that help individuals to quit smoking is of great importance. The present study explored influencing factors on smoking cessation, in order to provide comprehensive reference for tobacco control policies. METHODS Ex-smokers and current smokers were recruited online in this cross-sectional survey, from 1 October to 31 November 2022, in China. The observational data were collected using a questionnaire to collect information with respect to sociodemographic characteristics of smokers, attitudes towards smoking cessation, details of smoking cessation, and different potential factors related to smoking cessation through open-ended questions. RESULTS A total of 638 smokers from 30 provinces were recruited as eligible respondents, with a mean age of 37.3 ± 11.7 years and a mean smoking history of 15.9 ± 13.7 years. The percentage of males was 92.3%. Of the 638 respondents, only 3.9% had no intention to stop smoking. Among 155 subjects who had quitted smoking successfully, willpower (55.5%) was considered as the most important contributing factor. Among 365 subjects who tried to quit but failed, lack of willpower (28.2%), tobacco dependence (16.2%), influence of surrounding smokers or smoking environments (15.9%), bad moods (9.9%), stress from work or life (7.9%), habits (7.1%), socialization (4.1%), and easy availability of tobacco (2.7%) were considered as the adverse factors leading to failure in quitting smoking. CONCLUSIONS Willpower and support from family members were the vital factors that lead to successful smoking cessation. Future tobacco control policies should also focus on addressing withdrawal symptoms and creating smoke-free environments as well as other factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hua Wang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Yu-Feng Yang
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Shi-Lei Zhao
- Department of Anesthesia, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, China
| | - Hai-Tao Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Xiao
- Affiliated Hospital, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Li Sun
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Xi Wu
- College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Dong-Chao Yuan
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Li-Yao Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Bao-Zhao Ju
- Institute of Chinese Medicine, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, China
| | - Jian-Ping Liu
- Center for Evidence-Based Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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Lin YC, Lin CY, Fan CW, Liu CH, Ahorsu DK, Chen DR, Weng HC, Griffiths MD. Changes of Health Outcomes, Healthy Behaviors, Generalized Trust, and Accessibility to Health Promotion Resources in Taiwan Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic: Comparing 2011 and 2021 Taiwan Social Change Survey (TSCS) Cohorts. Psychol Res Behav Manag 2022; 15:3379-3389. [PMID: 36438422 PMCID: PMC9698318 DOI: 10.2147/prbm.s386967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study compared two nationally representative cohort datasets concerning Taiwan residents' healthy behaviors, subjective health outcomes, generalized trust, and accessibility to health promotion resources. PATIENTS AND METHODS The Taiwan Social Change Survey (TSCS) was conducted in two waves ten years apart: 2011 cohort (n = 1021; 48.4% males) and 2021 cohort (n = 1425; 47.4%) cohorts. Descriptive statistics were calculated to compare the two TSCS datasets. Then, multiple regression models were constructed with health outcome as the dependent variable, and demographics and other key components as independent variables. RESULTS The 2011 TSCS cohort showed higher prevalence for cigarette smoking (30.8% vs 25.2%; p=0.002), alcohol drinking (52.5% vs 24.3%; p<0.001), exercise habits (52.7% vs 48.0%; p=0.02), and better fruit and vegetable accessibility (Mean=3.91 vs 3.82; p=0.04). The 2021 TSCS cohort reported higher body mass index (Mean=24.20 vs 23.63; p<0.001), less residency in urban areas (22.4% vs 31.1%; p<0.001), better jogging accessibility (4.14 vs 4.05; p=0.006), higher generalized trust (2.26 vs 2.17; p=0.001), and greater internet usage (3.43 vs 2.89; p<0.001). The regression model showed that exercise habits (standardized coefficient=0.20 and 0.10; p<0.001) and generalized trust (standardized coefficient=0.11 and 0.11; p=0.004 and <0.001) were consistently associated with health outcomes in both cohorts. Additionally, internet use (standardized coefficient=-0.07; p=0.026) and alcohol drinking behaviors (standardized coefficient=-0.07; p=0.0022) were negatively associated with health outcomes in the 2021 cohort. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated the trends and changes over 10 years regarding multiple health-related components among Taiwan residents. The study's findings provide insight into education promotion programs to reduce unhealthy behaviors as well as enhancing generalized trust building and developing healthy behaviors for Taiwan residents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ching Lin
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ying Lin
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Biostatistics Consulting Center, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wei Fan
- Department of Occupational Therapy, AdventHealth University, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Chieh-Hsiu Liu
- Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Daniel Kwasi Ahorsu
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong
| | - Duan-Rung Chen
- Institute of Health Behaviors and Community Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ching Weng
- Institute of Allied Health Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Gerontology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Mark D Griffiths
- International Gaming Research Unit, Psychology Department, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK
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