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Yamazaki R, Iwai K, Azuma T, Yonenaga T, Sasai Y, Watanabe K, Obora A, Deguchi F, Kojima T, Tome W, Kitai N, Tomofuji T. Increased Waist Circumference after One-Year Is Associated with Poor Chewing Status. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1341. [PMID: 38998875 PMCID: PMC11240897 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12131341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the relationship between an increase in waist circumference (WC) after 1 year and self-reported chewing status in 10,870 Japanese adults who had received health checkups. Subsequently, 8068 participants were included in the final analysis. METHODS We defined an increase in WC ≥ 5 cm after 1 year as an unhealthy increase; in total, 613 (7.5%) respondents met this criterion. Chewing status was evaluated using a self-reported questionnaire at baseline; 1080 (13%) respondents were diagnosed with poor chewing status. RESULTS After adjusting for age, gender, WC, body mass index (BMI), and chewing status, an increase in WC ≥ 5 cm was found to be positively associated with gender (females: odds ratios [ORs]: 1.206; 95% confidence intervals [CIs]: 1.008-1.443), WC (ORs: 0.967; 95% CIs: 0.954-0.981), BMI (≥25 kg/m2; ORs: 2.194; 95% CIs: 1.715-2.808), and chewing status (poor; ORs: 1.356; 95% CIs: 1.084-1.697). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that increased WC after 1 year was associated with self-reported poor chewing status in Japanese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riku Yamazaki
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0296, Japan
| | - Komei Iwai
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0296, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Azuma
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0296, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Yonenaga
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0296, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sasai
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0296, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Watanabe
- Human Health Center, Asahi University Hospital, 3-23 Hashimoto-cho, Gifu, Gifu 500-8523, Japan
| | - Akihiro Obora
- Human Health Center, Asahi University Hospital, 3-23 Hashimoto-cho, Gifu, Gifu 500-8523, Japan
| | - Fumiko Deguchi
- Human Health Center, Asahi University Hospital, 3-23 Hashimoto-cho, Gifu, Gifu 500-8523, Japan
| | - Takao Kojima
- Human Health Center, Asahi University Hospital, 3-23 Hashimoto-cho, Gifu, Gifu 500-8523, Japan
| | - Wakako Tome
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0296, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Kitai
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0296, Japan
| | - Takaaki Tomofuji
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, 1851-1 Hozumi, Mizuho, Gifu 501-0296, Japan
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Carbonneau M, Li Y, Prescott B, Liu C, Huan T, Joehanes R, Murabito JM, Heard‐Costa NL, Xanthakis V, Levy D, Ma J. Epigenetic Age Mediates the Association of Life's Essential 8 With Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e032743. [PMID: 38808571 PMCID: PMC11255626 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.032743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Life's Essential 8 (LE8) is an enhanced metric for cardiovascular health. The interrelations among LE8, biomarkers of aging, and disease risks are unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS LE8 score was calculated for 5682 Framingham Heart Study participants. We implemented 4 DNA methylation-based epigenetic age biomarkers, with older epigenetic age hypothesized to represent faster biological aging, and examined whether these biomarkers mediated the associations between the LE8 score and cardiovascular disease (CVD), CVD-specific mortality, and all-cause mortality. We found that a 1 SD increase in the LE8 score was associated with a 35% (95% CI, 27-41; P=1.8E-15) lower risk of incident CVD, a 36% (95% CI, 24-47; P=7E-7) lower risk of CVD-specific mortality, and a 29% (95% CI, 22-35; P=7E-15) lower risk of all-cause mortality. These associations were partly mediated by epigenetic age biomarkers, particularly the GrimAge and the DunedinPACE scores. The potential mediation effects by epigenetic age biomarkers tended to be more profound in participants with higher genetic risk for older epigenetic age, compared with those with lower genetic risk. For example, in participants with higher GrimAge polygenic scores (greater than median), the mean proportion of mediation was 39%, 39%, and 78% for the association of the LE8 score with incident CVD, CVD-specific mortality, and all-cause mortality, respectively. No significant mediation was observed in participants with lower GrimAge polygenic score. CONCLUSIONS DNA methylation-based epigenetic age scores mediate the associations between the LE8 score and incident CVD, CVD-specific mortality, and all-cause mortality, particularly in individuals with higher genetic predisposition for older epigenetic age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine Carbonneau
- Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD
- Framingham Heart StudyFraminghamMA
| | - Yi Li
- Department of BiostatisticsBoston University School of Public HealthBostonMA
| | - Brenton Prescott
- Section of Preventive Medicine and EpidemiologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Department of BiostatisticsBoston University School of Public HealthBostonMA
| | - Tianxiao Huan
- Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD
- Framingham Heart StudyFraminghamMA
| | - Roby Joehanes
- Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD
- Framingham Heart StudyFraminghamMA
| | - Joanne M. Murabito
- Framingham Heart StudyFraminghamMA
- Department of MedicineSection of General Internal Medicine Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA and Boston Medical CenterBostonMA
| | - Nancy L. Heard‐Costa
- Department of MedicineSection of General Internal Medicine Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, MA and Boston Medical CenterBostonMA
| | - Vanessa Xanthakis
- Framingham Heart StudyFraminghamMA
- Department of BiostatisticsBoston University School of Public HealthBostonMA
- Section of Preventive Medicine and EpidemiologyBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Daniel Levy
- Population Sciences Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Heart, Lung, and Blood InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD
- Framingham Heart StudyFraminghamMA
| | - Jiantao Ma
- Nutrition Epidemiology and Data Science, Friedman School of Nutrition Science and PolicyTufts UniversityBostonMA
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Saputra PBT, Lamara AD, Saputra ME, Pasahari D, Kurniawan RB, Farabi MJA, Multazam CECZ, Oktaviono YH, Alkaff FF. Long-term systolic blood pressure variability independent of mean blood pressure is associated with mortality and cardiovascular events: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Curr Probl Cardiol 2024; 49:102343. [PMID: 38103812 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The association between long-term systolic blood pressure variability (SBPV) and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes after being adjusted with mean blood pressure (BP) is questionable. This systematic review aims to evaluate the associations between mean BP adjusted long-term SBPV and CV outcomes. A systematic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Science Direct on January 4, 2023. A total of 9,944,254 subjects from 43 studies were included in this meta-analysis. Long-term SBPV increased the risk of all-cause mortality (HR 1.21 [95%CI 1.16-1.25], I2=100%), CV mortality (HR 1.10 [95%CI 1.07-11.4], I2 = 90%), MACE (HR 1.10 [1.07-1.13], I2 = 91%), cerebrovascular stroke (HR 1.22 [1.16-1.29], I2=100%), and myocardial infarction (HR 1.13 [95%CI (1.07-1.19)], I2=91%). European populations generally had higher risk compared to other continents. In conclusion, long-term SBPV is associated with all-cause mortality, CV mortality, MACE, MI, and stroke. Poor outcomes related to long-term SBPV seem more dominated by cerebrovascular than coronary events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandit Bagus Tri Saputra
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga - Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Cardiovascular Research and Innovation Center, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
| | - Ariikah Dyah Lamara
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga - Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Cardiovascular Research and Innovation Center, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Mahendra Eko Saputra
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga - Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Cardiovascular Research and Innovation Center, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Diar Pasahari
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga - Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Cardiovascular Research and Innovation Center, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Makhyan J Al Farabi
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga - Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Cardiovascular Research and Innovation Center, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Yudi Her Oktaviono
- Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga - Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia; Cardiovascular Research and Innovation Center, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
| | - Firas F Alkaff
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands; Division of Pharmacology and Therapy, Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
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Meirelles O, Arnette A, Guðnason V, Launer LJ. The magnitude and direction of the relationship between risk factor and cognition depends on age: a pooled analysis of 5 community-based studies. Eur J Epidemiol 2024; 39:161-169. [PMID: 38180594 PMCID: PMC10904440 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-023-01087-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The mixed evidence of the association between high levels of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRF) and the risk for cognitive impairment may be due to confounding of age across studies. We pooled and harmonized individual-level data (30,967 persons, age range 42-96 years) from five prospective cohorts to investigate by 1 year age increments to investigate whether or not there is change in slope describing the association of CVRF to a cognitive outcome (Digit Symbol Substitution Test; DSST). The CVRF included: systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, fasting glucose and body mass index. Linear and quadratic piecewise regression models were fit to the trajectory patterns of these slopes (betas). The pattern of yearly slope changes showed higher CVRF were associated with lower DSST, but associations attenuated toward zero as age increased for all but DBP where 1 year slopes for DBP changed direction from negative to positive from mid- to late-age. Age is not only a driver of cognitive decline-age also modifies the direction and strength of the association of cognitive function to CVRF and cohort age may be one reason why the evidence for CVRF-CD association is mixed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osorio Meirelles
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Anthony Arnette
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
| | - Vilmundur Guðnason
- Icelandic Heart Association, Kopavagur, Iceland
- University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Lenore J Launer
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd., Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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Iwai K, Azuma T, Yonenaga T, Sasai Y, Watanabe K, Deguchi F, Obora A, Kojima T, Tomofuji T. Relationship between Chewing Status and Fatty Liver Diagnosed by Liver/Spleen Attenuation Ratio: A Cross-Sectional Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:307. [PMID: 36612629 PMCID: PMC9819809 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between chewing status and fatty liver among Japanese adults. Between April 2018 and March 2021, 450 individuals (352 males, 98 females; mean age 54.7 years) were recruited at the Asahi University Hospital Human Health Center. Chewing status was evaluated using a self-reported questionnaire. Liver/spleen (L/S) attenuation ratio < 0.9 on computed tomography was considered to indicate fatty liver, which was present in 69 participants (15%). Compared with participants without fatty liver, those with fatty liver had higher proportion of 25.0 (kg/m2) ≤ body mass index (BMI) (p < 0.001), higher serum hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (p < 0.001), higher systolic blood pressure (p < 0.001), higher diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.001), and lower serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol) (p = 0.011). Significant differences were also found in chewing status (p < 0.001) and eating speed (p = 0.011). Presence of fatty liver was positively associated with BMI (25.0 ≤; odds ratio [OR], 5.048; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.550−9.992), serum HbA1c (OR, 1.937; 95% CI, 1.280−2.930), and chewing status (poor; OR, 8.912; 95% CI, 4.421−17.966) after adjusting for sex, age, BMI, serum HbA1c, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, serum HDL cholesterol, chewing status, and eating speed. Poor chewing status was positively associated with L/S attenuation ratio. These results indicate a positive relationship between poor chewing status and fatty liver diagnosed by L/S attenuation ratio in Japanese adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komei Iwai
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Azuma
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Yonenaga
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Sasai
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Takaaki Tomofuji
- Department of Community Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Asahi University, Mizuho 501-0296, Japan
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6
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Heffernan KS, Wilmoth JM, London AS. Estimated Pulse Wave Velocity and All-Cause Mortality: Findings From the Health and Retirement Study. Innov Aging 2022; 6:igac056. [PMID: 36284701 PMCID: PMC9585457 DOI: 10.1093/geroni/igac056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives The gold standard method for the assessment of vascular aging is carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV). cfPWV can be estimated from 2 commonly assessed clinical variables-age and blood pressure. This analysis uses data from the Health and Retirement Study to examine the relationship between estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) and mortality among 9,293 middle age and older adults. Research Design and Methods Cox proportional hazard models were used to predict mortality occurring over a 10- to 12-year period. Controls were included for sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, race, ethnicity, wealth, income, and education), health status (history of cardiovascular disease [CVD], diabetes, and stroke and related medication use), health behaviors (smoking, physical activity, and body mass index), and CVD-related biomarkers (systolic and diastolic blood pressure, C-reactive protein, cystatin c, hemoglobin A1c, total cholesterol, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol). Results By 2018, 26.19% of the weighted analytic sample were reported as deceased. In the fully specified models that control for age, age-squared, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, sociodemographic variables, health status and behaviors, and biomarkers, ePWV was associated with a greater likelihood of mortality. Discussion and Implications An estimate of PWV derived from age and blood pressure is independently associated with an increased likelihood of death in a representative sample of middle age and older adults in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin S Heffernan
- Department of Exercise Science, Falk College of Sport and Human Dynamics, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- The Aging Studies Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Janet M Wilmoth
- The Aging Studies Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Department of Sociology, Maxwell School of Citizen and Public Affairs, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Andrew S London
- The Aging Studies Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Department of Sociology, Maxwell School of Citizen and Public Affairs, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
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7
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Bruun-Rasmussen NE, Napolitano G, Christiansen C, Bojesen SE, Ellervik C, Jepsen R, Rasmussen K, Lynge E. Allostatic load as predictor of mortality: a cohort study from Lolland-Falster, Denmark. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e057136. [PMID: 35623757 PMCID: PMC9327798 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The purposes of the present study were to determine the association between (1) 10 individual biomarkers and all-cause mortality; and between (2) allostatic load (AL), across three physiological systems (cardiovascular, inflammatory, metabolic) and all-cause mortality. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING We used data from the Lolland-Falster Health Study undertaken in Denmark in 2016-2020 and used data on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse rate (PR), waist-hip ratio (WHR) and levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), triglycerides, glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum albumin. All biomarkers were divided into quartiles with high-risk values defined as those in the highest (PR, WHR, triglycerides, HbA1c, CRP) or lowest (HDL-c, albumin) quartile, or a combination hereof (LDL-c, SBP, DBP). The 10 biomarkers were combined into a summary measure of AL index. Participants were followed-up for death for an average of 2.6 years. PARTICIPANTS We examined a total of 13 725 individuals aged 18+ years. PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURE Cox proportional hazard regression (HR) analysis were performed to examine the association between AL index and mortality in men and women. RESULTS All-cause mortality increased with increasing AL index. With low AL index as reference, the HR was 1.33 (95% CI: 0.89 to 1.98) for mid AL, and HR 2.37 (95% CI: 1.58 to 3.54) for high AL. CONCLUSIONS Elevated physiological burden measured by mid and high AL index was associated with a steeper increase of mortality than individual biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George Napolitano
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Stig Egil Bojesen
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev Hospital, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Christina Ellervik
- Department of Data and Development Support, Region Sjaelland, Soro, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Randi Jepsen
- Centre for Epidemiological Research, Nykobing Falster Hospital, Nykobing, Denmark
| | - Knud Rasmussen
- Department of Data and Development Support, Region Sjaelland, Soro, Denmark
| | - Elsebeth Lynge
- Centre for Epidemiological Research, Nykobing Falster Hospital, Nykobing, Denmark
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8
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Wu Q, Ailshire JA, Kim JK, Crimmins EM. Cardiometabolic Risk Trajectory Among Older Americans: Findings From the Health and Retirement Study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 76:2265-2274. [PMID: 34252185 PMCID: PMC8599082 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiometabolic risk (CMR) is a key indicator of physiological decline with age, but age-related declines in a nationally representative older US population have not been previously examined. METHODS We examined the trajectory of CMR over 8 years of aging, from 2006/2008 to 2014/2016, among 3528 people older than age 50 in the Health and Retirement Study. We used growth curve models to examine change in total CMR as well as in individual cardiometabolic biomarkers to understand how baseline differences and rates of change vary across sociodemographic characteristics, by smoking status, and medication use. RESULTS Total CMR did not change among respondents who survived over 8 years. Despite significant differences in CMR across demographic and education groups at baseline, the pace of change with age did not differ by these characteristics. Among individual biomarkers, risk levels of diastolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, and total cholesterol decreased over 8 years while glycosylated hemoglobin, waist circumference, and pulse pressure increased over that time. Both the statistical significance levels and the magnitudes of the reduction over time with age in diastolic blood pressure, resting heart rate, and total cholesterol in models adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, gender, smoking, and education were reduced after controlling for blood pressure and cholesterol medication. CONCLUSIONS The relatively constant total CMR level over 8 years occurred because some indicators improved with age while some deteriorated in this period. Medication use contributed to the improvement in blood pressure, resting heart rate, and total cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Wu
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jennifer A Ailshire
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jung Ki Kim
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Eileen M Crimmins
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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9
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Kwak JH, Choi YH. Sex and body mass index dependent associations between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and pulse pressure in middle-aged and older US adults. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9989. [PMID: 33976245 PMCID: PMC8113426 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-88855-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
High pulse pressure (PP) is a valid indicator of arterial stiffness. Many studies have reported that vitamin D concentration is inversely associated with vascular stiffening. This association may differ depending on sex and body mass index (BMI). This study investigated the associations between vitamin D and PP and evaluated whether these associations differ according to sex and BMI, using data for individuals aged ≥ 50 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2010. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were used as biomarkers of vitamin D levels. High PP was defined as ≥ 60 mmHg. Total 25(OH)D concentrations were dose-dependently associated with lower odds ratios (ORs) for high PP (p-trend = 0.01), after controlling for sociodemographic, behavioral, and dietary factors. When stratified by sex, there was a dose-dependent association between total 25(OH)D concentrations and lower risk of high PP (p-trend < 0.001) in females, but not in males. When stratified by BMI, there was a dose-dependent association between total 25(OH)D concentrations and lower risk of high PP (p-trend < 0.001) in non-overweight subjects, but not in overweight subjects. Improving the vitamin D status could delay elevation of PP and vascular stiffening in female and non-overweight subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hyun Kwak
- grid.256155.00000 0004 0647 2973Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, 155 Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999 Republic of Korea ,grid.255588.70000 0004 1798 4296Department of Food and Nutrition, Eulji University, 553 Sanseong-daero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam, 13135 Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Hyeong Choi
- grid.256155.00000 0004 0647 2973Department of Preventive Medicine, Gachon University College of Medicine, 155 Gaetbeol-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon, 21999 Republic of Korea ,Gachon Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Incheon, Republic of Korea
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