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Wu J, Liu G, Jia R, Guo J. Salivary Extracellular Vesicles: Biomarkers and Beyond in Human Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17328. [PMID: 38139157 PMCID: PMC10743646 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles, as bioactive molecules, have been extensively studied. There are abundant studies in the literature on their biogenesis, secretion, structure, and content, and their roles in pathophysiological processes. Extracellular vesicles have been reviewed as biomarkers for use in diagnostic tools. Saliva contains many extracellular vesicles, and compared with other body fluids, it is easier to obtain in a non-invasive way, making its acquisition more easily accepted by patients. In recent years, there have been numerous new studies investigating the role of salivary extracellular vesicles as biomarkers. These studies have significant implications for future clinical diagnosis. Therefore, in this paper, we summarize and review the potential applications of salivary extracellular vesicles as biomarkers, and we also describe their other functions (e.g., hemostasis, innate immune defense) in both oral and non-oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (J.W.); (G.L.); (R.J.)
| | - Gege Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (J.W.); (G.L.); (R.J.)
| | - Rong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (J.W.); (G.L.); (R.J.)
| | - Jihua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China; (J.W.); (G.L.); (R.J.)
- Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
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Shen P, Yu J, Yan C, Yang D, Tong C, Wang X. Analysis of differentially expressed microRNAs in bovine mammary epithelial cells treated with lipoteichoic acid. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:463-474. [PMID: 35997417 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis is one of the most common diseases of dairy cattle and can be caused by physical stress, chemicals and microbial infection. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogens that induce mastitis in dairy cattle. In this study, bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) were treated either with lipoteichoic acid (LTA, 30 µg/ml) or 1 × phosphate-buffer saline (PBS, control) and RNA-Seq was applied to explore the effect of LTA on the expression microRNAs (miRNAs) in BMECs. Compared to the control group, 43 miRNAs were significantly up-regulated and eight miRNAs were significantly down-regulated. Additionally, 724 genes were significantly up-regulated and 13 genes were significantly down-regulated in LTA group relative to the control group. Bta-miR-196a, bta-miR-2285aj-5p, bta-miR-143, bta-miR-2433, bta-miR-2284f and bta-miR-2368-3p were selected from 51 differentially expressed miRNAs and are discussed in this manuscript. Target gene prediction revealed that the target genes of these six miRNAs were all differentially expressed, including MT1E, SPDYA, FGL1, TLR2, PAPOLG, ZDHHC17 and SMC4. Subsequently, the Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis showed that the target genes with differentially expressed miRNAs were enriched in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway, rheumatoid arthritis and cancer. Therefore, the results of this study provided new evidences for the molecular mechanism of LTA-induced mastitis, which may provide new targets for the diagnosis and treatment of mastitis in dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puxiu Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingcheng Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chenbo Yan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dexin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Chao Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinzhuang Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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Horak J, Dolnikova A, Cumaogullari O, Cumova A, Navvabi N, Vodickova L, Levy M, Schneiderova M, Liska V, Andera L, Vodicka P, Opattova A. MiR-140 leads to MRE11 downregulation and ameliorates oxaliplatin treatment and therapy response in colorectal cancer patients. Front Oncol 2022; 12:959407. [PMID: 36324569 PMCID: PMC9618941 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.959407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapy failure is a fundamental challenge in cancer treatment. One of the most common reasons for therapy failure is the development of acquired resistance of cancer cells. DNA-damaging agents are frequently used in first-line chemotherapy regimens and DNA damage response, and DNA repair pathways are significantly involved in the mechanisms of chemoresistance. MRE11, a part of the MRN complex involved in double-strand break (DSB) repair, is connected to colorectal cancer (CRC) patients’ prognosis. Our previous results showed that single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR) microRNA (miRNA) binding sites of MRE11 gene are associated with decreased cancer risk but with shorter survival of CRC patients, which implies the role of miRNA regulation in CRC. The therapy of colorectal cancer utilizes oxaliplatin (oxalato(trans-l-1,2-diaminocyclohexane)platinum), which is often compromised by chemoresistance development. There is, therefore, a crucial clinical need to understand the cellular processes associated with drug resistance and improve treatment responses by applying efficient combination therapies. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of miRNAs on the oxaliplatin therapy response of CRC patients. By the in silico analysis, miR-140 was predicted to target MRE11 and modulate CRC prognosis. The lower expression of miR-140 was associated with the metastatic phenotype (p < 0.05) and poor progression-free survival (odds ratio (OR) = 0.4, p < 0.05). In the in vitro analysis, we used miRNA mimics to increase the level of miR-140 in the CRC cell line. This resulted in decreased proliferation of CRC cells (p < 0.05). Increased levels of miR-140 also led to increased sensitivity of cancer cells to oxaliplatin (p < 0.05) and to the accumulation of DNA damage. Our results, both in vitro and in vivo, suggest that miR-140 may act as a tumor suppressor and plays an important role in DSB DNA repair and, consequently, CRC therapy response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Horak
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Prague, Czechia
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Alexandra Dolnikova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Prague, Czechia
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Ozge Cumaogullari
- Eastern Mediterranean University, Dr. Fazıl Küçük Faculty of Medicine, North Cyprus, Turkey
- Gazimağusa State Hospital, Molecular Genetics Research Laboratory, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Andrea Cumova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Prague, Czechia
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Nazila Navvabi
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Prague, Czechia
- Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Ludmila Vodickova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Prague, Czechia
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Miroslav Levy
- Surgical Department, 1.st Medical Faculty, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czechia
| | - Michaela Schneiderova
- Department of Surgery, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady and 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Vaclav Liska
- Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
- Department of Surgery, Medical Faculty in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Ladislav Andera
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Vestec, Czechia
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Prague, Czechia
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Alena Opattova, ; Pavel Vodicka,
| | - Alena Opattova
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Prague, Czechia
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
- Biomedical Center in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
- *Correspondence: Alena Opattova, ; Pavel Vodicka,
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Circ-TFF1 Promotes Breast Cancer Progression Through the miR-129-2-3p/IRAK1 Axis. Biochem Genet 2022; 60:2155-2170. [DOI: 10.1007/s10528-022-10209-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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An Overview of miRNAs Involved in PASMC Phenotypic Switching in Pulmonary Hypertension. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:5765029. [PMID: 34660794 PMCID: PMC8516547 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5765029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is occult, with no distinctive clinical manifestations and a poor prognosis. Pulmonary vascular remodelling is an important pathological feature in which pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) phenotypic switching plays a crucial role. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of evolutionarily highly conserved single-stranded small noncoding RNAs. An increasing number of studies have shown that miRNAs play an important role in the occurrence and development of PH by regulating PASMCs phenotypic switching, which is expected to be a potential target for the prevention and treatment of PH. miRNAs such as miR-221, miR-15b, miR-96, miR-24, miR-23a, miR-9, miR-214, and miR-20a can promote PASMCs phenotypic switching, while such as miR-21, miR-132, miR-449, miR-206, miR-124, miR-30c, miR-140, and the miR-17~92 cluster can inhibit it. The article reviews the research progress on growth factor-related miRNAs and hypoxia-related miRNAs that mediate PASMCs phenotypic switching in PH.
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Bahroudi Z, Shoorei H, Abak A, Ahin M, Taheri M. microRNA-140: A miRNA with diverse roles in human diseases. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 135:111256. [PMID: 33434855 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-140 (miR-140) has been shown to be associated with the pathogenesis of a wide range of pathologies including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, renal fibrosis, ischemic conditions, and most importantly neoplasia. This miRNA has been shown to be down-regulated in a diversity of cancers namely breast cancer, gastrointestinal cancers, lung cancer, and prostate cancer. miR-140 has a lot of immune-related targets. Moreover, several miR-140 targets regulate cell proliferation, cell cycle transition, and apoptosis. This miRNA has been shown to be sponged by a number of lncRNAs and circ-RNAs. miR-140 has essential roles in the determination of the sensitivity of neoplastic cells to chemotherapeutic agents such as temozolomide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin. Besides, expression quantities of miR-140 in cancer tissues can be used for the prediction of clinical outcomes of patients with neoplasia. In the present paper, we describe the impact of miR-140 in neoplastic and non-neoplastic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Bahroudi
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hamed Shoorei
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Atefe Abak
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Maliheh Ahin
- Taleghani Hospital, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Wu HJ, Chu PY. Recent Discoveries of Macromolecule- and Cell-Based Biomarkers and Therapeutic Implications in Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020636. [PMID: 33435254 PMCID: PMC7827149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer type and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide. Breast cancer is fairly heterogeneous and reveals six molecular subtypes: luminal A, luminal B, HER2+, basal-like subtype (ER−, PR−, and HER2−), normal breast-like, and claudin-low. Breast cancer screening and early diagnosis play critical roles in improving therapeutic outcomes and prognosis. Mammography is currently the main commercially available detection method for breast cancer; however, it has numerous limitations. Therefore, reliable noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are required. Biomarkers used in cancer range from macromolecules, such as DNA, RNA, and proteins, to whole cells. Biomarkers for cancer risk, diagnosis, proliferation, metastasis, drug resistance, and prognosis have been identified in breast cancer. In addition, there is currently a greater demand for personalized or precise treatments; moreover, the identification of novel biomarkers to further the development of new drugs is urgently needed. In this review, we summarize and focus on the recent discoveries of promising macromolecules and cell-based biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer and provide implications for therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsing-Ju Wu
- Department of Biology, National Changhua University of Education, Changhua 500, Taiwan;
- Research Assistant Center, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Lukang Town, Changhua County 505, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yi Chu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 231, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, No. 542, Sec. 1 Chung-Shan Rd., Changhua 500, Taiwan
- Department of Health Food, Chung Chou University of Science and Technology, Changhua 510, Taiwan
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 704, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-975-611-855; Fax: +886-4-7227-116
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