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Izquierdo-López A, Kiesmüller C, Gröhn C, Haug JT, Haug C, Hörnig MK. Patterns of morphological evolution in the raptorial appendages of praying mantises. INSECT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 39049545 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Mantodea (praying mantises) is a group of exclusively predatory insects, which, together with nonraptorial blattodeans (cockroaches and termites) and groups exclusively found in the fossil record, form the group Dictyoptera. A central characteristic of Mantodea is the specialization of their first pair of legs as raptorial grasping appendages, but the evolution from walking to raptorial legs is not yet fully understood. Here, we trace the evolution of the raptorial appendages in Dictyoptera through time using a morphometric (morphospaces) approach. We also describe two new mantodean nymphs preserved in amber from the Cretaceous and Eocene, which expand the scarce mantodean fossil record. Blattodean and mantodean appendages appear distinct in morphospace, but several appendages of fossil non-mantodeans can be considered raptorial, providing a potential transitional link between walking and raptorial morphotypes. Therefore, we discuss potential mantodean affinities for other predatory fossil dictyopterans. We examine changes across extant mantodeans, characterized by a straightening of the tibia especially associated with the rise of the diversification of the Mantidea and discuss whether a thickening of the femur could reflect an early adaptation to cursorial hunting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christine Kiesmüller
- Department of Cytology and Evolutionary Biology, Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Joachim T Haug
- Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Biocenter, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- GeoBio-Center at LMU, München, Germany
| | - Carolin Haug
- Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU Munich), Biocenter, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
- GeoBio-Center at LMU, München, Germany
| | - Marie K Hörnig
- Department of Cytology and Evolutionary Biology, Zoological Institute and Museum, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- University Medical Center Rostock, Medical Biology and Electron Microscopy Center, Rostock, Germany
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Legendre F, Nel A, Svenson GJ, Robillard T, Pellens R, Grandcolas P. Phylogeny of Dictyoptera: Dating the Origin of Cockroaches, Praying Mantises and Termites with Molecular Data and Controlled Fossil Evidence. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0130127. [PMID: 26200914 PMCID: PMC4511787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the origin and diversification of organisms requires a good phylogenetic estimate of their age and diversification rates. This estimate can be difficult to obtain when samples are limited and fossil records are disputed, as in Dictyoptera. To choose among competing hypotheses of origin for dictyopteran suborders, we root a phylogenetic analysis (~800 taxa, 10 kbp) within a large selection of outgroups and calibrate datings with fossils attributed to lineages with clear synapomorphies. We find the following topology: (mantises, (other cockroaches, (Cryptocercidae, termites)). Our datings suggest that crown-Dictyoptera-and stem-mantises-would date back to the Late Carboniferous (~ 300 Mya), a result compatible with the oldest putative fossil of stem-dictyoptera. Crown-mantises, however, would be much more recent (~ 200 Mya; Triassic/Jurassic boundary). This pattern (i.e., old origin and more recent diversification) suggests a scenario of replacement in carnivory among polyneopterous insects. The most recent common ancestor of (cockroaches + termites) would date back to the Permian (~275 Mya), which contradicts the hypothesis of a Devonian origin of cockroaches. Stem-termites would date back to the Triassic/Jurassic boundary, which refutes a Triassic origin. We suggest directions in extant and extinct species sampling to sharpen this chronological framework and dictyopteran evolutionary studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Legendre
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB—UMR 7205 MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, EPHE, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, Paris, France
| | - André Nel
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB—UMR 7205 MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, EPHE, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, Paris, France
| | - Gavin J. Svenson
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Tony Robillard
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB—UMR 7205 MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, EPHE, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, Paris, France
| | - Roseli Pellens
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB—UMR 7205 MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, EPHE, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, Paris, France
| | - Philippe Grandcolas
- Institut de Systématique, Evolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB—UMR 7205 MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, EPHE, Sorbonne Universités, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, Paris, France
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