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Li J, Maruyama K, Minakuchi S, Toshimitu K, Kawamura R, Takata Y, Osawa H. Effect of high-amylose rice "Hoshinishiki" on postprandial glucose levels measured by continuous glucose monitoring in patients with diabetes. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2024; 74:230-234. [PMID: 38799141 PMCID: PMC11111464 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.23-75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
We examined the effect of consuming Hoshinishiki, a type of high-amylose rice, on postprandial glucose as measured by continuous glucose monitoring in diabetes patients. A single-blinded clinical trial involving 11 hospitalized patients diagnosed with type 1 or type 2 diabetes was performed. The patients consumed high-amylose rice for 2 days (days 2 and 4 of the study) and control rice for 2 days (days 1 and 3 of the study). Linear mixed models were used to test the effects on the 24-h mean glucose levels, time in range (TIR), incremental area under the curve of glucose levels at 2 h after meals, the average glucose levels at 1, 2, and 3 h after meals, and the maximum glucose levels within 3 h. The results showed that the consumption of high-amylose rice led to significantly lower 24-h mean glucose levels, levels at 2 and 3 h after a meal, and postprandial glucose peak levels within 3 h, as well as significantly higher TIR. A similar trend was observed when the analysis was restricted to patients with type 2 diabetes. These results suggest that high-amylose rice may be a more beneficial staple food for glycemic control than regular rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
| | - Koutatsu Maruyama
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8566, Japan
| | - Satoshi Minakuchi
- Ehime Research Institute of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 311 Kaminamba, Matsuyama, Ehime 799-2405, Japan
| | - Kumiko Toshimitu
- Ehime University Hospital, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Kawamura
- Department of Diabetes and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Yasunori Takata
- Department of Diabetes and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Osawa
- Department of Diabetes and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
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Fernández-Veledo S, Marsal-Beltran A, Vendrell J. Type 2 diabetes and succinate: unmasking an age-old molecule. Diabetologia 2024; 67:430-442. [PMID: 38182909 PMCID: PMC10844351 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-023-06063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Beyond their conventional roles in intracellular energy production, some traditional metabolites also function as extracellular messengers that activate cell-surface G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) akin to hormones and neurotransmitters. These signalling metabolites, often derived from nutrients, the gut microbiota or the host's intermediary metabolism, are now acknowledged as key regulators of various metabolic and immune responses. This review delves into the multi-dimensional aspects of succinate, a dual metabolite with roots in both the mitochondria and microbiome. It also connects the dots between succinate's role in the Krebs cycle, mitochondrial respiration, and its double-edge function as a signalling transmitter within and outside the cell. We aim to provide an overview of the role of the succinate-succinate receptor 1 (SUCNR1) axis in diabetes, discussing the potential use of succinate as a biomarker and the novel prospect of targeting SUCNR1 to manage complications associated with diabetes. We further propose strategies to manipulate the succinate-SUCNR1 axis for better diabetes management; this includes pharmacological modulation of SUCNR1 and innovative approaches to manage succinate concentrations, such as succinate administration and indirect strategies, like microbiota modulation. The dual nature of succinate, both in terms of origins and roles, offers a rich landscape for understanding the intricate connections within metabolic diseases, like diabetes, and indicates promising pathways for developing new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Fernández-Veledo
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV)-CERCA, Tarragona, Spain.
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain.
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili (URV), Reus, Spain.
| | - Anna Marsal-Beltran
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV)-CERCA, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili (URV), Reus, Spain
| | - Joan Vendrell
- Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII de Tarragona, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili (IISPV)-CERCA, Tarragona, Spain
- CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili (URV), Reus, Spain
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Manlapig JJD, Kondo M, Ban-Tokuda T, Matsui H. Effect of rice bran fermented with Ligilactobacillus equi on in vitro fermentation profile and microbial population. Anim Sci J 2024; 95:e13955. [PMID: 38769748 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
This study was conducted to assess the effects of fermented rice bran (FRB) with Ligilactobacillus equi on ruminal fermentation using an in vitro system. Oat hay, corn starch, and wheat bran were used as substrate for control. Ten percent of wheat bran was replaced with rice bran (RB), rice bran fermented with distilled water, and rice bran fermented with L. equi for T1, T2, and T3, respectively. The experimental diets were mixed with buffered rumen fluid from wethers under nitrogen gas and incubated for 24 h at 39°C. The fermentation profile and microbial population were analyzed after the incubations. The results revealed that the RB and FRB (with or without L. equi) significantly reduced the gas, methane (CH4), and CH4 per dry matter digested (p < 0.001). Total short-chain fatty acid was also reduced in T1 and T2 in comparison with the control (p < 0.001). Propionate proportion was increased while butyrate proportion was reduced in response to treatment addition in cultures (p < 0.001). Anaerobic fungi and Fibrobacter succinogenes abundance were decreased in treatments (p < 0.001). Overall, CH4 production in vitro can be reduced by RB and FRB supplementation as a result of the reduction of fiber-degrading microorganisms and a decrease in gas production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamal James D Manlapig
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Makoto Kondo
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | | | - Hiroki Matsui
- Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, Tsu, Mie, Japan
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Sivamaruthi BS, Alagarsamy K, Thangaleela S, Bharathi M, Kesika P, Chaiyasut C. Composition, Microbiota, Mechanisms, and Anti-Obesity Properties of Rice Bran. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061300. [PMID: 36981226 PMCID: PMC10048552 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice is a major cereal crop and a staple food for nearly 50% of people worldwide. Rice bran (RB) is a nutrient-rich by-product of rice processing. RB is rich in carbohydrates, fibers, proteins, lipids, minerals, and several trace elements (phosphorus, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and manganese). The extraction process and storage have influenced RB extracts and RB oil's quality. The RB composition has also varied on the rice cultivars. The color of RB indicates the richness of the bioactive compounds, especially anthocyanins. γ-oryzanol, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and unsaturated fatty acids are major components of RB oil. It has been established that RB supplementation could improve the host's health status. Several preclinical and clinical studies have reported that RB has antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, anticolitis, and antidiabetic properties. The beneficial biological properties of RB are partially attributed to its ability to alter the host microbiome and help to maintain and restore eubiosis. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and lung disease, account for 74% of deaths worldwide. Obesity is a global health problem and is a major reason for the development of NCDs. The medical procedures for managing obesity are expensive and long-term health supplements are required to maintain a healthy weight. Thus, cost-effective natural adjuvant therapeutic strategy is crucial to treat and manage obesity. Several studies have revealed that RB could be a complementary pharmacological candidate to treat obesity. A comprehensive document with basic information and recent scientific results on the anti-obesity activity of RB and RB compounds is obligatory. Thus, the current manuscript was prepared to summarize the composition of RB and the influence of RB on the host microbiome, possible mechanisms, and preclinical and clinical studies on the anti-obesity properties of RB. This study suggested that the consumption of RB oil and dietary RB extracts might assist in managing obesity-associated health consequences. Further, extended clinical studies in several ethnic groups are required to develop dietary RB-based functional and nutritional supplements, which could serve as an adjuvant therapeutic strategy to treat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhagavathi Sundaram Sivamaruthi
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Karthikeyan Alagarsamy
- Department of Microbiology (Aided), PSG College of Arts and Science, Avinashi Road, Civil Aerodrome Post, Coimbatore 641014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subramanian Thangaleela
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Muruganantham Bharathi
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Periyanaina Kesika
- Office of Research Administration, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chaiyavat Chaiyasut
- Innovation Center for Holistic Health, Nutraceuticals, and Cosmeceuticals, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
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Jalili M, Nazari M, Magkos F. Fermented Foods in the Management of Obesity: Mechanisms of Action and Future Challenges. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032665. [PMID: 36768984 PMCID: PMC9916812 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermented foods are part of the staple diet in many different countries and populations and contain various probiotic microorganisms and non-digestible prebiotics. Fermentation is the process of breaking down sugars by bacteria and yeast species; it not only enhances food preservation but can also increase the number of beneficial gut bacteria. Regular consumption of fermented foods has been associated with a variety of health benefits (although some health risks also exist), including improved digestion, enhanced immunity, and greater weight loss, suggesting that fermented foods have the potential to help in the design of effective nutritional therapeutic approaches for obesity. In this article, we provide a comprehensive overview of the health effects of fermented foods and the corresponding mechanisms of action in obesity and obesity-related metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Jalili
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maryam Nazari
- Food Safety Research Center (Salt), Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan JF62+4W5, Iran
| | - Faidon Magkos
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise, and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Correspondence:
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Wang X, Luo H, Wang D, Zheng Y, Zhu W, Zhang W, Chen Z, Chen X, Shao J. Partial Substitution of Fish Meal with Soy Protein Concentrate on Growth, Liver Health, Intestinal Morphology, and Microbiota in Juvenile Large Yellow Croaker ( Larimichthys crocea). AQUACULTURE NUTRITION 2023; 2023:3706709. [PMID: 36860984 PMCID: PMC9973153 DOI: 10.1155/2023/3706709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study investigated the growth performance, feed utilization, intestinal morphology, and microbiota communities of juvenile large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) fed diets containing different proportions of soy protein concentrate (SPC) (0, 15%, 30%, and 45%, namely FM, SPC15, SPC30, and SPC45) as a substitute for fish meal (FM) for 8 weeks. The weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) in fish fed SPC45 were significantly lower than those fed FM and SPC15 but not differ with these fed SPC30. The feed efficiency (FE) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) decreased sharply when the dietary SPC inclusion level was higher than 15%. The activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and expression of alt and aspartate aminotransferase (ast) were significantly higher in fish fed SPC45 than those fed FM. The activity and mRNA expression of acid phosphatase were opposite. The villi height (VH) in distal intestine (DI) showed a significant quadratic response to increasing dietary SPC inclusion levels and was highest in SPC15. The VH in proximal intestine, middle intestine decreased significantly with increasing dietary SPC levels. The 16S rRNA sequences in intestine revealed that fish fed SPC15 had higher bacterial diversity and abundance of Phylum Firmicutes such as order Lactobacillales and order Rhizobiaceae than those fed other diets. Genus vibrio, family Vibrionaceae and order Vibrionales within phylum Proteobacteria were enriched in fish fed FM and SPC30 diets. Tyzzerella and Shewanella that belongs to phylum Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, respectively, were enriched in fish fed SPC45 diet. Our results indicated that SPC replacing more than 30% FM could lead to lower quality diet, retard growth performance, ill health, disordered intestine structure, and microbiota communities. Tyzzerella could be the bacteria indicator of intestinal in large yellow croaker fed low quality diet due to high SPC content. Based on the quadratic regression analysis of WG, the best growth performance could be observed when the replacement of FM with SPC was 9.75%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Hongjie Luo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Dejuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yunzong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenbo Zhu
- Fuzhou Haima Feed Co., Ltd., Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Weini Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | | | - Xinhua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jianchun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, College of Marine Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Kalita P, Ahmad AB, Sen S, Deka B, Hazarika QK, Kapil MJ, Pachuau L. High-Value Compounds and Bioactivity of Rice Bran, Rice Bran Protein: A review. RECENT ADVANCES IN FOOD, NUTRITION & AGRICULTURE 2022; 14:RAFNA-EPUB-128479. [PMID: 36578259 DOI: 10.2174/2772574x14666221227151558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice bran and rice bran protein are important sources of minerals, energy, and vitamins. Other bioactive compounds are abundantly available to exert therapeutical activity. Health-promoting activities of high-value compounds of rice bran were significant, as observed in recent studies. INTRODUCTION A variety of bioactive components present in rice bran and rice bran extract are responsible to exhibit therapeutical potential like chemopreventive, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective, immunomodulatory, neuroprotective, and lipid-lowering activity. Several bioactivity representative compounds like γ-oryzanol, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, tricin, protocatechuic acid, vanillic acid, coumaric acid, phytic acid, isoferulic acid, gallic acid, γ-amino butyric acid, sinapic acid, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E complexes, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol, cyanidin-3-glucoside, peonidin-3-glucoside, quercetin, rutin, kaemferol, β-carotene, lutein, vitamin B and lycopene are known to display significant health benefits. The bioactive components produced therapeutical effects by regulation of different mechanisms like increasing faecal excretion, reducing oxidative stress, reducing the level of malondialdehyde (MDA), regulation of NF-kb activation, reduction of proinflammatory cytokines production, suppression of SREBP-1, reduction in the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, elevated the expression of pro-apoptotic protein Bax, up-regulating P53 expression and suppressing COX-2. METHODOLOGY Several research engines like PubMed, google scholar, science direct, etc. were used to collect the data on the mentioned keywords. Recent scientific works were included in this article. CONCLUSION In this review paper, we profiled the high-value compounds and focused on their antioxidant, anti-hyperlipidemic, antidiabetic, and anticancer activity with their possible mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratap Kalita
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam, 781026, India
- Research Scholar, Assam Science Technology University, Guwahati, Assam, 781013, India
| | - Abdul Baquee Ahmad
- Girijananda Choudhuary Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tezpur, Assam 784501, India
| | - Saikat Sen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Assam down town University, Panikhaiti, Guwahati, Assam 781026, India
| | - Bhargab Deka
- Girijananda Choudhuary Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tezpur, Assam 784501, India India
| | - Quri Kiran Hazarika
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Science and Technology Meghalaya, Ri-Bhoi, Meghalaya 793101
| | - Manas J Kapil
- Pratiksha Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guwahati, Assam, 781026, India
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The effect of fermented wheat protein hydrolysate on the exercise performance in mice. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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