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Algharib SA, Dawood AS, Huang L, Guo A, Zhao G, Zhou K, Li C, Liu J, Gao X, Luo W, Xie S. Basic concepts, recent advances, and future perspectives in the diagnosis of bovine mastitis. J Vet Sci 2024; 25:e18. [PMID: 38311330 PMCID: PMC10839174 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.23147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is one of the most widespread infectious diseases that adversely affects the profitability of the dairy industry worldwide. Accurate diagnosis and identification of pathogens early to cull infected animals and minimize the spread of infection in herds is critical for improving treatment effects and dairy farm welfare. The major pathogens causing mastitis and pathogenesis are assessed first. The most recent and advanced strategies for detecting mastitis, including genomics and proteomics approaches, are then evaluated . Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of each technique, potential research directions, and future perspectives are reported. This review provides a theoretical basis to help veterinarians select the most sensitive, specific, and cost-effective approach for detecting bovine mastitis early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Attia Algharib
- Engineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry & Science Technology of Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps., Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Moshtohor, Toukh 13736, QG, Egypt
| | - Ali Sobhy Dawood
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt
| | - Lingli Huang
- MOA Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Aizhen Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Conservation and Utilization of Special Biological Resources in the Western China, School of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia 750021, China
| | - Kaixiang Zhou
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Chao Li
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Jinhuan Liu
- Engineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
| | - Xin Gao
- College of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Lu Zhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Wanhe Luo
- Engineering Laboratory for Tarim Animal Diseases Diagnosis and Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China
- Key Laboratory of Tarim Animal Husbandry & Science Technology of Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps., Alar, Xinjiang 843300, China.
| | - Shuyu Xie
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- The State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, (HZAU), Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
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Wang J, Jiang H, Pan L, Gu X, Xiao C, Liu P, Tang Y, Fang J, Li X, Lu C. Rapid on-site nucleic acid testing: On-chip sample preparation, amplification, and detection, and their integration into all-in-one systems. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1020430. [PMID: 36815884 PMCID: PMC9930993 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1020430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
As nucleic acid testing is playing a vital role in increasingly many research fields, the need for rapid on-site testing methods is also increasing. The test procedure often consists of three steps: Sample preparation, amplification, and detection. This review covers recent advances in on-chip methods for each of these three steps and explains the principles underlying related methods. The sample preparation process is further divided into cell lysis and nucleic acid purification, and methods for the integration of these two steps on a single chip are discussed. Under amplification, on-chip studies based on PCR and isothermal amplification are covered. Three isothermal amplification methods reported to have good resistance to PCR inhibitors are selected for discussion due to their potential for use in direct amplification. Chip designs and novel strategies employed to achieve rapid extraction/amplification with satisfactory efficiency are discussed. Four detection methods providing rapid responses (fluorescent, optical, and electrochemical detection methods, plus lateral flow assay) are evaluated for their potential in rapid on-site detection. In the final section, we discuss strategies to improve the speed of the entire procedure and to integrate all three steps onto a single chip; we also comment on recent advances, and on obstacles to reducing the cost of chip manufacture and achieving mass production. We conclude that future trends will focus on effective nucleic acid extraction via combined methods and direct amplification via isothermal methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-products Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Han Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-products Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Leiming Pan
- Zhejiang Hongzheng Testing Co., Ltd., Ningbo, China
| | - Xiuying Gu
- Zhejiang Gongzheng Testing Center Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaogeng Xiao
- Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pengpeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biosafety detection for Zhejiang Market Regulation, Zhejiang Fangyuan Testing Group LO.T, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yulong Tang
- Hangzhou Tiannie Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiehong Fang
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-products Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-products Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chenze Lu
- Key Laboratory of Specialty Agri-products Quality and Hazard Controlling Technology of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, China
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Zadoks RN, Scholz E, Rowe SM, Norris JM, Pooley HB, House J. A framework for evaluation of on-farm mastitis diagnostics in Australia. Aust Vet J 2023; 101:142-152. [PMID: 36635984 DOI: 10.1111/avj.13228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Numerous culture-based diagnostics are available on the Australian and international markets for on-farm detection of bacterial pathogens in milk. Use of such diagnostics may provide an opportunity to improve the prudent use of antimicrobials in udder health management. Farms are low-resource settings in terms of diagnostic microbiology capacity. The World Health Organisation has identified criteria for the evaluation of diagnostic tests in low resource settings based on Accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity, User-friendliness, being Rapid or Robust, Equipment-free and being Deliverable (ASSURED). Here, we review how those criteria can be interpreted in the context of microbiological diagnosis of mastitis pathogens, and how on-farm diagnostics that are currently available in Australia perform relative to ASSURED criteria. This evaluation identifies multiple trade-offs, both with regard to scientific criteria and with regards to convenience criteria. More importantly, the purpose of testing may differ between farms, and test performance should be evaluated relative to its intended use. The ability of on-farm mastitis diagnostics to inform mastitis treatment decision-making in a timely and cost-effective manner depends not just on test characteristics but also on farm-specific pathogen prevalence, and on the farm enterprise's priorities and the farm manager's potential courses of action. With most assay evaluations to date conducted in professional laboratories, there is a surprising dearth of information on how well any of the diagnostic tests perform on-farm and, indeed, of the on-farm decision-making processes that they aim to inform.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Zadoks
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - E Scholz
- School of Agricultural, Environmental and Veterinary Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, Australia
| | - S M Rowe
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J M Norris
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - H B Pooley
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - J House
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Neculai-Valeanu AS, Ariton AM. Udder Health Monitoring for Prevention of Bovine Mastitis and Improvement of Milk Quality. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:608. [PMID: 36354519 PMCID: PMC9687184 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To maximize milk production, efficiency, and profits, modern dairy cows are genetically selected and bred to produce more and more milk and are fed copious quantities of high-energy feed to support ever-increasing milk volumes. As demands for increased milk yield and milking efficiency continue to rise to provide for the growing world population, more significant stress is placed on the dairy cow's productive capacity. In this climate, which is becoming increasingly hotter, millions of people depend on the capacity of cattle to respond to new environments and to cope with temperature shocks as well as additional stress factors such as solar radiation, animal crowding, insect pests, and poor ventilation, which are often associated with an increased risk of mastitis, resulting in lower milk quality and reduced production. This article reviews the impact of heat stress on milk production and quality and emphasizes the importance of udder health monitoring, with a focus on the use of emergent methods for monitoring udder health, such as infrared thermography, biosensors, and lab-on-chip devices, which may promote animal health and welfare, as well as the quality and safety of dairy products, without hindering the technological flow, while providing significant benefits to farmers, manufacturers, and consumers.
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Sharun K, Dhama K, Tiwari R, Gugjoo MB, Iqbal Yatoo M, Patel SK, Pathak M, Karthik K, Khurana SK, Singh R, Puvvala B, Amarpal, Singh R, Singh KP, Chaicumpa W. Advances in therapeutic and managemental approaches of bovine mastitis: a comprehensive review. Vet Q 2021; 41:107-136. [PMID: 33509059 PMCID: PMC7906113 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2021.1882713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis (intramammary inflammation) caused by infectious pathogens is still considered a devastating condition of dairy animals affecting animal welfare as well as economically incurring huge losses to the dairy industry by means of decreased production performance and increased culling rates. Bovine mastitis is the inflammation of the mammary glands/udder of bovines, caused by bacterial pathogens, in most cases. Routine diagnosis is based on clinical and subclinical forms of the disease. This underlines the significance of early and rapid identification/detection of etiological agents at the farm level, for which several diagnostic techniques have been developed. Therapeutic regimens such as antibiotics, immunotherapy, bacteriocins, bacteriophages, antimicrobial peptides, probiotics, stem cell therapy, native secretory factors, nutritional, dry cow and lactation therapy, genetic selection, herbs, and nanoparticle technology-based therapy have been evaluated for their efficacy in the treatment of mastitis. Even though several strategies have been developed over the years for the purpose of managing both clinical and subclinical forms of mastitis, all of them lacked the efficacy to eliminate the associated etiological agent when used as a monotherapy. Further, research has to be directed towards the development of new therapeutic agents/techniques that can both replace conventional techniques and also solve the problem of emerging antibiotic resistance. The objective of the present review is to describe the etiological agents, pathogenesis, and diagnosis in brief along with an extensive discussion on the advances in the treatment and management of mastitis, which would help safeguard the health of dairy animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khan Sharun
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, India
| | - Mudasir Bashir Gugjoo
- Division of Veterinary Clinical Complex, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry, Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Mohd Iqbal Yatoo
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Shailesh Kumar Patel
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mamta Pathak
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kumaragurubaran Karthik
- Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Rahul Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Bhavani Puvvala
- Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Veterinary Education and Research, Kurumbapet, Puducherry, India
| | - Amarpal
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rajendra Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Karam Pal Singh
- Division of Surgery, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Abstract
Mastitis, inflammation of the bovine mammary gland, is generally caused by intramammary infection with bacteria, and antimicrobials have long been a corner stone of mastitis control. As societal concern about antimicrobial use in animal agriculture grows, there is pressure to reduce antimicrobial use in dairy farming. Point-of-care tests for on-farm use are increasingly available as tools to support this. In this Research Reflection, we consider available culture-dependent and culture-independent tests in the context of ASSURED criteria for low-resource settings, including convenience criteria, scientific criteria and societal criteria that can be used to evaluate test performance. As tests become more sophisticated and sensitive, we may be generating more data than we need. Special attention is given to the relationship between test outcomes and treatment decisions, including issues of diagnostic refinement, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, and detection of viable organisms. In addition, we explore the role of technology, big data and people in improved performance and uptake of point-of-care tests, recognising that societal barriers may limit uptake of available or future tests. Finally, we propose that the 3Rs of reduction, refinement and replacement, which have been used in an animal welfare context for many years, could be applied to antimicrobial use for mastitis control on dairy farms.
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Matuozzo M, Spagnuolo MS, Hussein HA, Gomaa AM, Scaloni A, D’Ambrosio C. Novel Biomarkers of Mastitis in Goat Milk Revealed by MALDI-TOF-MS-Based Peptide Profiling. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9080193. [PMID: 32731427 PMCID: PMC7464427 DOI: 10.3390/biology9080193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis is the most common infection of dairy goats impairing milk production and quality, which is usually recognized by mammary gland visual inspection and palpation. Subclinical forms of the disease are also widely represented, which lack the typical signs of the clinical ones but are still associated with reduced production and safety for human consumption of milk, generally presenting a high bacterial count. In order to obtain novel analytical tools for rapid and non-invasive diagnosis of mastitis in goats, we analyzed milk samples from healthy, subclinical and clinical mastitic animals with a MALDI-TOF-MS-based peptidomic platform, generating disease group-specific spectral profiles whose signal intensity and mass values were analyzed by statistics. Peculiar spectral signatures of mastitis with respect to the control were identified, while no significant spectral differences were observed between clinical and subclinical milk samples. Discriminant signals were assigned to specific peptides through nanoLC-ESI-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS experiments. Some of these molecules were predicted to have an antimicrobial activity based on their strong similarity with homolog bioactive compounds from other mammals. Through the definition of a panel of peptide biomarkers, this study provides a very rapid and low-cost method to routinely detect mastitic milk samples even though no evident clinical signs in the mammary gland are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Matuozzo
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80147 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Maria Stefania Spagnuolo
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80147 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Hany A. Hussein
- Department of Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt;
- Department of Veterinary Research, Guangdong Haid Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary (GHIAHV), Guangzhou 511400, China
| | - A. M. Gomaa
- Animal Reproduction Research Institute (ARRI), Agriculture Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture, Giza 12556, Egypt;
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80147 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.S.)
| | - Chiara D’Ambrosio
- Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment (ISPAAM), National Research Council (CNR), 80147 Naples, Italy; (M.M.); (M.S.S.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Alhussien MN, Dang AK. Sensitive and rapid lateral-flow assay for early detection of subclinical mammary infection in dairy cows. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11161. [PMID: 32636460 PMCID: PMC7341798 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68174-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Detection of subclinical mastitis (SCM) in its initial stage can save great economic losses, improve milk quality and animal welfare. We have developed a semiquantitative lateral flow assay for the detection of SCM in dairy cows targeting myeloperoxidase (MPO) enzyme of milk neutrophils. A competitive immunoassay format was used, and colloidal gold nanoparticles (GNP) were prepared and used as a labelling agent. Monoclonal anti-MPO antibodies were used and assessed for its quality by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and dot blot. Conjugation method for GNP and anti-MPO antibodies was standardised, and the conjugate was placed over the conjugate pad. MPO coupled with a carrier protein (OVA) and the species-specific secondary antibodies were placed on test and control lines, respectively. The developed assay was verified with 75 milk samples collected from healthy, SCM and clinical mastitis cows. It displayed a high sensitivity as it could detect MPO as low as 1.5 ng/ml, an accuracy greater than 97% and showed no crossreactivity when crosschecked with other milk proteins. The developed assay can be used as an alternative for SCM diagnostic tests where lab structure are available for obtaining the lysate of milk SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanned Naif Alhussien
- Animal Production Division, Agricultural College, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syrian Arab Republic.
| | - Ajay Kumar Dang
- Lactation and Immuno-Physiology Laboratory, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132 001, India
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Griffioen K, Cornelissen J, Heuvelink A, Adusei D, Mevius D, Jan van der Wal F. Development and evaluation of 4 loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays to detect mastitis-causing bacteria in bovine milk samples. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:8407-8420. [PMID: 32564949 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-18035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Farmers prefer fast, sensitive, and on-site tests for treatment decisions on mastitis. Due to the time to results of the currently available diagnostic tools, these are rarely used for that purpose. Genotypic tests that do not require a growth step may be suitable for on-site testing, for example loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), which has been described as a sensitive test that can be used on-site. Therefore, this study aimed to develop and evaluate LAMP assays for the detection of a subset of mastitis-causing pathogens, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus spp., in milk from cows with clinical mastitis. Furthermore, a generic nucleic acid lateral flow immunoassay (NALFIA) was evaluated as a potential on-site readout of the LAMP assays. For each assay of LAMP and NALFIA, the limit of detection and analytical specificity were determined using isolates, and the diagnostic specificity was determined using selected samples with known etiology. In addition, the diagnostic specificity of LAMP was determined using field samples with unknown etiology at testing. Bacteriological culture with identification by mass spectrometry was used as a reference method. The 4 assays had a kappa ≥0.73 with the reference method when testing the selected samples, but ≥0.47 when testing field samples. After correcting for prevalence, kappa was ≥0.80 for the E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and Staph. aureus assays. The Streptococcus spp. assay had a kappa of 0.47 (0.48 after correction) with the reference method, probably caused by the assay broadly targeting a genus instead of a particular species. The NALFIA readout was found to have kappa ≥0.81 for the E. coli, Staph. aureus, and Streptococcus spp. assays at a generic runtime, but for the K. pneumoniae assay a shorter runtime could be used. In conclusion, LAMP is a promising method for fast on-site tests for mastitis-causing pathogens if the current elaborate method for sample preparation is replaced by a simplified protocol. The NALFIA is an easy and reliable readout for on-site use, with the observation that for the current assay designs a generic runtime is not yet possible for the chosen set of pathogens. If associated with a simple and fast sample preparation protocol, the combination of LAMP and NALFIA has the potential to enable fast and reliable on-site testing of clinical mastitis milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karien Griffioen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Farm Animal Health, Utrecht University, PO Box 80151, 3508 TD Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Jan Cornelissen
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Department of Infection Biology, Wageningen UR, PO Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad, the Netherlands
| | | | - Daniela Adusei
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Department of Infection Biology, Wageningen UR, PO Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad, the Netherlands
| | - Dik Mevius
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Department of Infection Biology, Wageningen UR, PO Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad, the Netherlands; Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, PO Box 80165, 3508 TD Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Fimme Jan van der Wal
- Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Department of Infection Biology, Wageningen UR, PO Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad, the Netherlands
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Chakraborty S, Dhama K, Tiwari R, Iqbal Yatoo M, Khurana SK, Khandia R, Munjal A, Munuswamy P, Kumar MA, Singh M, Singh R, Gupta VK, Chaicumpa W. Technological interventions and advances in the diagnosis of intramammary infections in animals with emphasis on bovine population-a review. Vet Q 2020; 39:76-94. [PMID: 31288621 PMCID: PMC6830988 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2019.1642546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis, an inflammation of the udder, is a challenging problem in dairy animals accounting for high economic losses. Disease complexity, degree of economic losses and increasing importance of the dairy industries along with public health concerns envisages devising appropriate diagnostics of mastitis, which can offer rapid, accurate and confirmatory diagnosis. The various diagnostic tests of mastitis have been divided into general or phenotypic and specific or genotypic tests. General or phenotypic tests are those that identify general alterations, which are not specific to any pathogen. Genotypic tests are specific, hence confirmatory for diagnosis of mastitis and include specific culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and its various versions (e.g. qRT-PCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification, lateral flow assays, nucleotide sequencing, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and other molecular diagnostic methods. However, for highly specific and confirmatory diagnosis, pure cultures still provide raw materials for more sophisticated diagnostic technological interventions like PCR and nucleotide sequencing. Diagnostic ability of like infra-red thermography (IRT) has been shown to be similar to California mastitis test and also differentiates clinical mastitis from subclinical mastitis cases. As such, IRT can become a convenient and portable diagnostic tool. Of note, magnetic nanoparticles-based colorimetric biosensor assay was developed by using for instance proteolytic activity of plasmin or anti-S. aureus antibody. Last but not least, microRNAs have been suggested to be potential biomarkers for diagnosing bovine mastitis. This review summarizes the various diagnostic tests available for detection of mastitis including diagnosis through general and specific technological interventions and advances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Chakraborty
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal Husbandry , West Tripura , India
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU) , Mathura , India
| | - Mohd Iqbal Yatoo
- Sher-E-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir , Srinagar , India
| | | | - Rekha Khandia
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University , Bhopal , India
| | - Ashok Munjal
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University , Bhopal , India
| | - Palanivelu Munuswamy
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - M Asok Kumar
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Mithilesh Singh
- Immunology Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Rajendra Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Vivek Kumar Gupta
- Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute , Bareilly , India
| | - Wanpen Chaicumpa
- Center of Research Excellence on Therapeutic Proteins and Antibody Engineering, Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University , Bangkok , Thailand
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Martins SAM, Martins VC, Cardoso FA, Germano J, Rodrigues M, Duarte C, Bexiga R, Cardoso S, Freitas PP. Biosensors for On-Farm Diagnosis of Mastitis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2019; 7:186. [PMID: 31417901 PMCID: PMC6684749 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2019.00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the mammary gland caused by a multitude of pathogens with devastating consequences for the dairy industry. Global annual losses are estimated to be around €30 bn and are caused by significant milk losses, poor milk quality, culling of chronically infected animals, and occasional deaths. Moreover, mastitis management routinely implies the administration of antibiotics to treat and prevent the disease which poses serious risks regarding the emergence of antibiotic resistance. Conventional diagnostic methods based on somatic cell counts (SCC) and plate-culture techniques are accurate in identifying the disease, the respective infectious agents and antibiotic resistant phenotypes. However, pressure exists to develop less lengthy approaches, capable of providing on-site information concerning the infection, and in this way, guide, and hasten the most adequate treatment. Biosensors are analytical tools that convert the presence of biological compounds into an electric signal. Benefitting from high signal-to-noise ratios and fast response times, when properly tuned, they can detect the presence of specific cells and cell markers with high sensitivity. In combination with microfluidics, they provide the means for development of automated and portable diagnostic devices. Still, while biosensors are growing at a fast pace in human diagnostics, applications for the veterinary market, and specifically, for the diagnosis of mastitis remain limited. This review highlights current approaches for mastitis diagnosis and describes the latest outcomes in biosensors and lab-on-chip devices with the potential to become real alternatives to standard practices. Focus is given to those technologies that, in a near future, will enable for an on-farm diagnosis of mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia A. M. Martins
- Magnomics S.A., Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede, Cantanhede, Portugal
- INESC Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias Rua Alves Redol, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Verónica C. Martins
- Magnomics S.A., Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede, Cantanhede, Portugal
- INESC Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias Rua Alves Redol, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Filipe A. Cardoso
- Magnomics S.A., Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - José Germano
- Magnomics S.A., Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Mónica Rodrigues
- Magnomics S.A., Parque Tecnológico de Cantanhede, Cantanhede, Portugal
- Faculdade de Ciências, CE3C - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Carla Duarte
- INESC Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias Rua Alves Redol, Lisbon, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Bexiga
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Cardoso
- INESC Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias Rua Alves Redol, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Paulo P. Freitas
- INESC Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias Rua Alves Redol, Lisbon, Portugal
- INL- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
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Immunodetection of Streptococcus uberis pathogen in raw milk. Enzyme Microb Technol 2019; 130:109360. [PMID: 31421723 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2019.109360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus uberis is a major mastitis-causing environmental pathogen, which rapid immunodetection has not been possible due to the absence of specific anti-Str. uberis antibodies. Recently, a specific antibody against the Str. uberis adhesion molecule (SUAM) has been designed. In the present study, the specificity and affinity of this antibody towards SUAM antigenic region SAPVYLGVSTE and Str. uberis cells are characterized, using experimental and in silico bioinformatic methods. The selectivity studies and bioinformatic analyses revealed high specificity of the antibody towards Str. uberis. The Kd value of SAPVYLGVSTE/anti-Str. uberis antibody complex was 27 ± 6 nM, indicating the applicability of this antibody for the detection of Str. uberis. The anti-Str. uberis antibody was used as a specific biorecognition element of a biosensor for the detection of Str. uberis bacteria in phosphate buffer and in milk and these analyses took less than 20 min. The Str. uberis biosensor was also tested in the milk of cows suffering from mastitis and the obtained results were in good agreement with the conventional identification of this pathogen by microbiological plating.
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Yin J, Wang Q, Wang Y, Li Y, Zeng W, Wu J, Ren Y, Tang Y, Gao C, Hu H, Bergmann SM. Development of a simple and rapid reverse transcription-loopmediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for sensitive detection of tilapia lake virus. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2019; 42:817-824. [PMID: 30920677 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Recently, substantial mortality of farmed and wild tilapia caused by tilapia lake virus (TiLV) infection has been observed worldwide. However, sensitive and reliable diagnostic method is limited. A reverse transcription-loopmediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay has been applied for the detection of TiLV nucleotide sequence. Six primers targeting two locations on the target gene based on a highly conserved sequence in the segment 1 (S1) region of the TiLV genome have been designed. The optimized RT-LAMP reaction was maintained at the isothermal condition of 63°C for 45 min. And the amplifications could be verified by turbidity or a colour change with the addition of SYBR Green I. Subsequently, RT-LAMP products could be observed by a ladder pattern following gel electrophoresis. The species-specific assay showed that the method was sensitive enough to detect as low as 1.6 copies of viral particle, and the assay was highly specific because no cross-reactivity was observed with other pathogens, and had a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 100% when TiLV-positive samples and non-target virus were tested. In summary, all the results demonstrate that this RT-LAMP is a rapid, effective and sensitive method for TiLV detection in tilapia aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Yin
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiexing Wu
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yafang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling, China
| | - Caixia Gao
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agriculture University, Tianjin, China
| | - Huzi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Fishery Drug Development of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Immune Technology of Guangdong Province, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- College of Fisheries, Tianjin Agriculture University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sven M Bergmann
- Institute of Infectology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
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Alegbeleye OO, Guimarães JT, Cruz AG, Sant’Ana AS. Hazards of a ‘healthy’ trend? An appraisal of the risks of raw milk consumption and the potential of novel treatment technologies to serve as alternatives to pasteurization. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2018.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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Fu S, Jiang Y, Jiang X, Zhao Y, Chen S, Yang X, Man C. Probe-free label system for rapid detection of Cronobacter genus in powdered infant formula. AMB Express 2018; 8:155. [PMID: 30269246 PMCID: PMC6163125 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-018-0689-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cronobacter species previously known as Enterobacter sakazakii poses high risks to neonates and infants. In this work a rapid detection method was developed which combined loop-mediated isothermal amplification with lateral flow assay for detection of Cronobacter species in powdered infant formula. The fast amplification reaction without betaine was established and capable of performing DNA replication within 25 min. Based on the novel probe-free labeling methods, we established a lateral flow assay to capture the specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification amplicons which were labeled with fluorescein isothiocyanate and biotin. And the final detection time of this system was within 40 min. The false positive results of the lateral flow assay induced by primer dimer tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate and biotin were eliminated by Taq single strand DNA binding protein (4 ng/μL). Simultaneously, the efficiency of the fast loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay was achieved. By injection of Taq SSB into the amplification assay as a replacement for betaine, the novel probe-free method could detect Cronobacter species with high specificity and sensitivity at the detection limit in PIF of 101 cfu/g. Our overall strategy has excellent potential in the rapid diagnosis of Cronobacter species label-free by integrating loop-mediated isothermal amplification and lateral flow assay.
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16
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Ashraf A, Imran M. Diagnosis of bovine mastitis: from laboratory to farm. Trop Anim Health Prod 2018; 50:1193-1202. [PMID: 29948774 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-018-1629-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Accurate diagnosis of disease is the major step between the cause and cure of disease. An economical, reliable, and rapid diagnostic tool is fundamental for the management of udder health. The earlier the disease is identified, the less will be the damage; keeping this in mind, many efforts are being made to develop reliable diagnostic tools for use on farm. However, traditional gold standard methods including somatic cell count and microbial culturing are still in use. They are partially being replaced with polymerase chain reaction and sequencing-based tests. Nanotechnology and protein-based tests have also gained lot of attention and some of them are potential candidate of future diagnostic tests for bovine mastitis. Research laboratories are struggling to develop simple, economical, and user-friendly biosensor-based methods that can be performed on farm for rapid diagnosis. The combination of both genomic and proteomic approaches, together with further involvement of nanotheranostic technologies and other sensors, will assist in the quest of better mastitis diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aqeela Ashraf
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, 54000, Pakistan.
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17
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Klaas IC, Zadoks RN. An update on environmental mastitis: Challenging perceptions. Transbound Emerg Dis 2017; 65 Suppl 1:166-185. [PMID: 29083115 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Environmental mastitis is the most common and costly form of mastitis in modern dairy herds where contagious transmission of intramammary pathogens is controlled through implementation of standard mastitis prevention programmes. Environmental mastitis can be caused by a wide range of bacterial species, and binary classification of species as contagious or environmental is misleading, particularly for Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus uberis and other streptococcal species, including Streptococcus agalactiae. Bovine faeces, the indoor environment and used pasture are major sources of mastitis pathogens, including Escherichia coli and S. uberis. A faeco-oral transmission cycle may perpetuate and amplify the presence of such pathogens, including Klebsiella pneumoniae and S. agalactiae. Because of societal pressure to reduce reliance on antimicrobials as tools for mastitis control, management of environmental mastitis will increasingly need to be based on prevention. This requires a reduction in environmental exposure through bedding, pasture and pre-milking management and enhancement of the host response to bacterial challenge. Efficacious vaccines are available to reduce the impact of coliform mastitis, but vaccine development for gram-positive mastitis has not progressed beyond the "promising" stage for decades. Improved diagnostic tools to identify causative agents and transmission patterns may contribute to targeted use of antimicrobials and intervention measures. The most important tool for improved uptake of known mastitis prevention measures is communication. Development of better technical or biological tools for management of environmental mastitis must be accompanied by development of appropriate incentives and communication strategies for farmers and veterinarians, who may be confronted with government-mandated antimicrobial use targets if voluntary reduction is not implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- I C Klaas
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - R N Zadoks
- Moredun Research Institute, Penicuik, UK.,Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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18
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van der Wal FJ, Achterberg RP, van Solt-Smits C, Bergervoet JHW, de Weerdt M, Wisselink HJ. Exploring target-specific primer extension in combination with a bead-based suspension array for multiplexed detection and typing using Streptococcus suis as a model pathogen. J Vet Diagn Invest 2017; 30:71-77. [PMID: 28980519 PMCID: PMC5753849 DOI: 10.1177/1040638717730384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the feasibility of an assay based on target-specific primer
extension, combined with a suspension array, for the multiplexed detection and
typing of a veterinary pathogen in animal samples, using Streptococcus
suis as a model pathogen. A procedure was established for
simultaneous detection of 6 S. suis targets in pig tonsil
samples (i.e., 4 genes associated with serotype 1, 2, 7, or 9, the generic
S. suis glutamate dehydrogenase gene
[gdh], and the gene encoding the extracellular protein factor
[epf]). The procedure was set up as a combination of
protocols: DNA isolation from porcine tonsils, a multiplex PCR, a multiplex
target-specific primer extension, and finally a suspension array as the readout.
The resulting assay was compared with a panel of conventional PCR assays. The
proposed multiplex assay can correctly identify the serotype of isolates and is
capable of simultaneous detection of multiple targets in porcine tonsillar
samples. The assay is not as sensitive as the current conventional PCR assays,
but with the correct sampling strategy, the assay can be useful for screening
pig herds to establish which S. suis serotypes are circulating
in a pig population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fimme J van der Wal
- Wageningen University & Research, Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands (van der Wal, Achterberg, van Solt-Smits, Wisselink).,Wageningen University & Research, Plant Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands (Bergervoet, de Weerdt)
| | - René P Achterberg
- Wageningen University & Research, Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands (van der Wal, Achterberg, van Solt-Smits, Wisselink).,Wageningen University & Research, Plant Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands (Bergervoet, de Weerdt)
| | - Conny van Solt-Smits
- Wageningen University & Research, Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands (van der Wal, Achterberg, van Solt-Smits, Wisselink).,Wageningen University & Research, Plant Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands (Bergervoet, de Weerdt)
| | - Jan H W Bergervoet
- Wageningen University & Research, Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands (van der Wal, Achterberg, van Solt-Smits, Wisselink).,Wageningen University & Research, Plant Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands (Bergervoet, de Weerdt)
| | - Marjanne de Weerdt
- Wageningen University & Research, Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands (van der Wal, Achterberg, van Solt-Smits, Wisselink).,Wageningen University & Research, Plant Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands (Bergervoet, de Weerdt)
| | - Henk J Wisselink
- Wageningen University & Research, Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands (van der Wal, Achterberg, van Solt-Smits, Wisselink).,Wageningen University & Research, Plant Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands (Bergervoet, de Weerdt)
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Liu HB, Zang YX, Du XJ, Li P, Wang S. Development of an isothermal amplification-based assay for the rapid visual detection of Salmonella bacteria. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:7016-7025. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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20
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Xin L, Zhang L, Meng Z, Lin K, Zhang S, Han X, Yi H, Cui Y. Development of a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for the detection of lipolytic Pseudomonas fluorescens in raw cow milk from north China. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:7802-7811. [PMID: 28780114 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Lipases secreted by psychrotrophic bacteria are known to be heat resistant and can remain active even after the thermal processing of milk products. Such enzymes are able to destabilize the quality of milk products by causing a rancid flavor. Rapid detection of a small amount of heat-resistant lipase-producing psychrotrophic bacteria is crucial for reducing their adverse effects on milk quality. In this study, we established and optimized a novel loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the detection of Pseudomonas fluorescens in raw cow milk, as the most frequently reported heat-resistant lipase-producing bacterial species. Pseudomonas fluorescens-specific DNA primers for LAMP were designed based on the lipase gene sequence. Reaction conditions of the LAMP assay were tested and optimized. The detection limit of the optimized LAMP assay was found to be lower than that of a conventional PCR-based method. In pure culture, the detection limit of the LAMP assay was found to be 4.8 × 101 cfu/reaction of the template DNA, whereas the detection limit of the PCR method was 4.8 × 102 cfu/reaction. Evaluation of the performance of the method in P. fluorescens-contaminated pasteurized cow milk revealed a detection limit of 7.4 × 101 cfu/reaction, which was 102 lower than that of the PCR-based method. If further developed, the LAMP assay could offer a favorable on-farm alternative to existing technologies for the detection of psychotrophic bacterial contamination of milk, enabling improved quality control of milk and milk products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Xin
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Lanwei Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Zhaoxu Meng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Kai Lin
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- Food College, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - HuaXi Yi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Yanhua Cui
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Wu L, Wang B, Zhao M, Liu W, Zhang P, Shi Y, Xiong C, Wang P, Sun W, Chen S. Rapid Identification of Officinal Akebiae Caulis and Its Toxic Adulterant Aristolochiae Manshuriensis Caulis (Aristolochia manshuriensis) by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:887. [PMID: 27379153 PMCID: PMC4913086 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Mu-tong (Akebiae Caulis) is a traditional Chinese medicine commonly used as a diuretic and antiphlogistic. A common adulterant of Mu-tong is Guan-mu-tong (Aristolochiae Manshuriensis Caulis), which is derived from the stem of Aristolochia manshuriensis Komarov, and contains carcinogenic aristolochic acids. We used an alternative technique, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), to differentiate Mu-tong from Guan-mu-tong because LAMP is quick, highly sensitive, and specific. We designed a set of four common primers (G-F3, G-B3, G-FIP, and G-BIP) and a loop primer (G-LB) for LAMP based on the internal transcribed spacer 2 sequence of Ar. manshuriensis. We successfully amplified the LAMP assays and visual detection occurred within 60 min at isothermal conditions of 65°C. The LAMP reaction exhibited a tenfold increase in detection (4.22 pg/μl DNA) over conventional polymerase chain reaction demonstrating that LAMP is a useful technique to detect Guan-mu-tong. We conclude that the LAMP technique is a potentially valuable safety control method for simple and efficient discrimination of Mu-tong from its adulterant Guan-mu-tong.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Mingming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Institute of Disease Control and Prevention, Academy of Military Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Yuhua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Chao Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan, China
| | - Wei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Sun, ; Shilin Chen,
| | - Shilin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for Identification and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical SciencesBeijing, China
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese MedicineWuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Sun, ; Shilin Chen,
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