1
|
Eker F, Akdaşçi E, Duman H, Yalçıntaş YM, Canbolat AA, Kalkan AE, Karav S, Šamec D. Antimicrobial Properties of Colostrum and Milk. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:251. [PMID: 38534686 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13030251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The growing number of antibiotic resistance genes is putting a strain on the ecosystem and harming human health. In addition, consumers have developed a cautious attitude towards chemical preservatives. Colostrum and milk are excellent sources of antibacterial components that help to strengthen the immunity of the offspring and accelerate the maturation of the immune system. It is possible to study these important defenses of milk and colostrum, such as lactoferrin, lysozyme, immunoglobulins, oligosaccharides, etc., as biotherapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of numerous infections caused by microbes. Each of these components has different mechanisms and interactions in various places. The compound's mechanisms of action determine where the antibacterial activity appears. The activation of the antibacterial activity of milk and colostrum compounds can start in the infant's mouth during lactation and continue in the gastrointestinal regions. These antibacterial properties possess potential for therapeutic uses. In order to discover new perspectives and methods for the treatment of bacterial infections, additional investigations of the mechanisms of action and potential complexes are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Furkan Eker
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17000, Turkey
| | - Emir Akdaşçi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17000, Turkey
| | - Hatice Duman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17000, Turkey
| | - Yalçın Mert Yalçıntaş
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17000, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Alperen Canbolat
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17000, Turkey
| | - Arda Erkan Kalkan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17000, Turkey
| | - Sercan Karav
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17000, Turkey
| | - Dunja Šamec
- Department of Food Technology, University North, Trg Dr. Žarka Dolinara 1, 48000 Koprivnica, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Naveed M, Wen S, Chan MWH, Wang F, Aslam S, Yin X, Xu B, Ullah A. Expression of BSN314 lysozyme genes in Escherichia coli BL21: a study to demonstrate microbicidal and disintegarting potential of the cloned lysozyme. Braz J Microbiol 2024; 55:215-233. [PMID: 38146050 PMCID: PMC10920529 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01219-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study is an extension of our previous studies in which the lysozyme was isolated and purified from Bacillus subtilis BSN314 (Naveed et al., 2022; Naveed et al., 2023). In this study, the lysozyme genes were cloned into the E. coli BL21. For the expression of lysozyme in E. coli BL21, two target genes, Lyz-1 and Lyz-2, were ligated into the modified vector pET28a to generate pET28a-Lyz1 and pET28a-Lyz2, respectively. To increase the production rate of the enzyme, 0.5-mM concentration of IPTG was added to the culture media and incubated at 37 °C and 220 rpm for 24 h. Lyz1 was identified as N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase and Lyz2 as D-alanyl-D-alanine carboxypeptidase. They were purified by multi-step methodology (ammonium sulfate, precipitation, dialysis, and ultrafiltration), and antimicrobial activity was determined. For Lyz1, the lowest MIC/MBC (0.25 μg/mL; with highest ZOI = 22 mm) were recorded against Micrococcus luteus, whereas the highest MIC/MBC with lowest ZOI were measured against Salmonella typhimurium (2.50 μg /mL; with ZOI = 10 mm). As compared with Aspergillus oryzae (MIC/MFC; 3.00 μg/mL), a higher concentration of lysozyme was required to control the growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (MIC/MFC; 50 μg/mL). Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to analyze the disintegrating effect of Lyz1 on the cells of selected Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and yeast. The AFM results showed that, as compared to Gram-negative bacteria, a lower concentration of lysozyme (Lyz1) was required to disintegrate the cell of Gram-positive bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Naveed
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China
- Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Sai Wen
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China
- Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Malik Wajid Hussain Chan
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China.
- Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Fenghuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China.
- Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Sadar Aslam
- Department of Zoology, University of Baltistan, Skardu, Pakistan
| | - Xian Yin
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China
- Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Baocai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Geriatric Nutrition and Health (Beijing Technology and Business University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100048, China
- Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, 100048, China
| | - Asad Ullah
- Food and Marine Resources Research Center, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Laboratories Complex, Karachi, 75280, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bellassai N, D'Agata R, Spoto G. Plasmonic aptasensor with antifouling dual-functional surface layer for lysozyme detection in food. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1283:341979. [PMID: 37977796 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Antifouling coatings are critically necessary for optical biosensors for various analytical application sectors, from medical diagnostics to foodborne pathogen detection. They help avoid non-specific protein/cell attachment on the active biosensor surface and catch the analytes directly in the complex media. Advances in antifouling plasmonic surfaces have been mainly focused on detecting clinical biomarkers in real biofluids, whereas developing antifouling coatings for direct analysis of analytes in complex media has been scarcely investigated for food quality control and safety. Herein, we propose a new low-fouling poly-l-lysine (PLL)-based surface layer for directly detecting an allergen protein, lysozyme, in the food matrix using surface plasmon resonance. The PLL-based polymer contains densely immobilized anionic oligopeptide side chains to create an electric charge-balanced layer able to repel the non-specific adsorption of undesired molecules on the biosensor surface. It also includes sparsely attached aptamer probes for capturing lysozyme directly in food sources with no pre-analytical sample treatment. We optimized the surface layer fabrication condition and tested the dual-functional surface to evaluate its ability to detect the target protein selectively. The developed analytical approach allowed for achieving a limit of detection of 0.04 μg mL-1 (2.95 nM) and a limit of quantification of 0.13 μg mL-1 (8.95 nM). Lysozyme was successfully quantified in milk samples using the plasmonic dual-functional aptasensor without sample pre-treatment or target isolation, illustrating the device's utility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Bellassai
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, I-95125, Catania, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario "Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi", c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, Catania, Italy
| | - Roberta D'Agata
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, I-95125, Catania, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario "Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi", c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Spoto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, I-95125, Catania, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario "Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi", c/o Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, Catania, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li Y, Cui ZJ. Photodynamic Activation of the Cholecystokinin 1 Receptor with Tagged Genetically Encoded Protein Photosensitizers: Optimizing the Tagging Patterns. Photochem Photobiol 2022; 98:1215-1228. [PMID: 35211987 DOI: 10.1111/php.13611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Cholecystokinin 1 receptor (CCK1R) is activated photodynamically. For this to happen in situ, genetically encoded protein photosensitizers (GEPP) may be tagged to natively expressed CCK1R, but how to best tag GEPP has not been examined. Therefore, GEPP (miniSOG or KillerRed) was tagged to CCK1R and light-driven photodynamic CCK1R activation was monitored by Fura-2 fluorescent calcium imaging, to screen for optimized tagging patterns. Blue light-emitting diode irradiation of CHO-K1 cells expressing miniSOG fused to N- or C-terminus of CCK1R was found to both trigger persistent calcium oscillations-a hallmark of permanent photodynamic CCK1R activation. Photodynamic CCK1R activation was accomplished also with miniSOG fused to N-terminus of CCK1R via linker (GlySerGly)4 or 8 , but not linker (GSG)12 or an internal ribosomal entry site insert. KillerRed fused to N- or C-terminus of CCK1R after white light irradiation resulted in similar activation of in-frame CCK1R. Photodynamic CCK1R activation in miniSOG-CCK1R-CHO-K1 cells was blocked by singlet oxygen (1 O2 ) quencher uric acid or Trolox C, corroborating the role of 1 O2 as the reactive intermediate. It is concluded that photodynamic CCK1R activation can be achieved either with direct GEPP fusion to CCK1R or fusion via a short linker, fusion via long linkers might serve as the internal control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Li
- Institute of Cell Biology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Zong Jie Cui
- Institute of Cell Biology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Evaluation of the α-casein (CSN1S1) locus as a potential target for a site-specific transgene integration. Sci Rep 2022; 12:7983. [PMID: 35568783 PMCID: PMC9107462 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12071-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgenic animals are an important tool in biotechnology, including the production of recombinant proteins in the milk. Traditionally, expression constructs are based on hybrid vectors bearing mammary gland specific regulatory elements from the α-casein (Csn1s1), β-casein (Csn2), whey acidic protein (WAP), or β-lactoglobulin (BLG) genes. Overexpression from the randomly integrated vectors typically provides high levels of expression, but has drawbacks due to unpredictable genome localization. CRISPR-Cas9 targeted transgene integration into the endogenous casein locus could alleviate the need for extensive animal screening to achieve high and reproducible expression levels. We decided to evaluate such a “precise” integration approach, placing the human granulocyte–macrophage colony-stimulating factor (hGMCSF) gene under control of the mouse endogenous alpha-S1-casein (Csn1s1) promoter. We designed two types of transgene integrations: a knock-in in the second exon of the Csn1s1 (INS-GM) and a full-size Csn1s1 replacement with hGMCSF (REP-GM) which was never tested before. The INS-GM approach demonstrated low transgene expression and milk protein levels (0.4% of Csn2 transcripts; 2–11 µg/ml hGMCSF). This was probably caused by the absence of the 3’-polyadenylation signal in the hGMCSF transgene. REP-GM animals displayed high transgene expression, reaching and slightly exceeding the level of the endogenous Csn1s1 (30–40% of Csn2 transcripts), but yielded less hGMCSF protein than expected (0.2–0.5 mg/ml vs 25 mg/ml of Csn1s1), indicating that translation of the protein is not optimal. Homozygous inserts leading to the Csn1s1 knock-out did not have any long standing effects on the animals’ health. Thus, in our experimental design, site-specific transgene integration into the casein locus did not provide any significant advantage over the overexpression approach.
Collapse
|
6
|
Use of Genome Editing Techniques to Produce Transgenic Farm Animals. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1354:279-297. [PMID: 34807447 PMCID: PMC9810480 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-85686-1_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Recombinant proteins are essential for the treatment and diagnosis of clinical human ailments. The availability and biological activity of recombinant proteins is heavily influenced by production platforms. Conventional production platforms such as yeast, bacteria, and mammalian cells have biological and economical challenges. Transgenic livestock species have been explored as an alternative production platform for recombinant proteins, predominantly through milk secretion; the strategy has been demonstrated to produce large quantities of biologically active proteins. The major limitation of utilizing livestock species as bioreactors has been efforts required to alter the genome of livestock. Advancements in the genome editing field have drastically improved the ability to genetically engineer livestock species. Specifically, genome editing tools such as the CRISPR/Cas9 system have lowered efforts required to generate genetically engineered livestock, thus minimizing restrictions on the type of genetic modification in livestock. In this review, we discuss characteristics of transgenic animal bioreactors and how the use of genome editing systems enhances design and availability of the animal models.
Collapse
|
7
|
Ferraboschi P, Ciceri S, Grisenti P. Applications of Lysozyme, an Innate Immune Defense Factor, as an Alternative Antibiotic. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1534. [PMID: 34943746 PMCID: PMC8698798 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10121534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysozyme is a ~14 kDa protein present in many mucosal secretions (tears, saliva, and mucus) and tissues of animals and plants, and plays an important role in the innate immunity, providing protection against bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Three main different types of lysozymes are known: the c-type (chicken or conventional type), the g-type (goose type), and the i-type (invertebrate type). It has long been the subject of several applications due to its antimicrobial properties. The problem of antibiotic resistance has stimulated the search for new molecules or new applications of known compounds. The use of lysozyme as an alternative antibiotic is the subject of this review, which covers the results published over the past two decades. This review is focused on the applications of lysozyme in medicine, (the treatment of infectious diseases, wound healing, and anti-biofilm), veterinary, feed, food preservation, and crop protection. It is available from a wide range of sources, in addition to the well-known chicken egg white, and its synergism with other compounds, endowed with antimicrobial activity, are also summarized. An overview of the modified lysozyme applications is provided in the form of tables.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Ferraboschi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Via C. Saldini 50, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | - Samuele Ciceri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via L. Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy;
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Monzani PS, Adona PR, Long SA, Wheeler MB. Cows as Bioreactors for the Production of Nutritionally and Biomedically Significant Proteins. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1354:299-314. [PMID: 34807448 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-85686-1_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Dairy and beef cattle make a vital contribution to global nutrition, and since their domestication, they have been continuously exposed to natural and artificial selection to improve production characteristics. The technologies of transgenesis and gene editing used in cattle are responsible for generating news characteristics in bovine breeding, such as alteration of nutritional components of milk and meat enhancing human health benefits, disease resistance decreasing production costs and offering safe products for human food, as well as the recombinant protein production of biomedical significance. Different methodologies have been used to generate transgenic cattle as bioreactors. These methods include the microinjection of vectors in pronuclear, oocyte or zygote, sperm-mediate transgenesis, and somatic cell nuclear transfer. Gene editing has been applied to eliminate unwanted genes related to human and animal health, such as allergy, infection, or disease, and to insert transgenes into specific sites in the host genome. Methodologies for the generation of genetically modified cattle are laborious and not very efficient. However, in the last 30 years, transgenic animals were produced using many biotechnological tools. The result of these modifications includes (1) the change of nutritional components, including proteins, amino acids and lipids for human nutrition; (2) the removal allergic proteins milk; (3) the production of cows resistant to disease; or (4) the production of essential proteins used in biomedicine (biomedical proteins) in milk and blood plasma. The genetic modification of cattle is a powerful tool for biotechnology. It allows for the generation of new or modified products and functionality that are not currently available in this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P S Monzani
- Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade/Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação da Biodiversidade Aquática Continental, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil.
| | - P R Adona
- Saúde e Produção de Ruminantes, Universidade Norte do Paraná, Arapongas, PR, Brasil
| | - S A Long
- Departments of Animal Sciences and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - M B Wheeler
- Departments of Animal Sciences and Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
de Almeida CC, Baião DDS, Leandro KC, Paschoalin VMF, da Costa MP, Conte-Junior CA. Protein Quality in Infant Formulas Marketed in Brazil: Assessments on Biodigestibility, Essential Amino Acid Content and Proteins of Biological Importance. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13113933. [PMID: 34836188 PMCID: PMC8622549 DOI: 10.3390/nu13113933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infant formulas, designed to provide similar nutritional composition and performance to human milk, are recommended when breastfeeding is not enough to provide for the nutritional needs of children under 12 months of age. In this context, the present study aimed to assess the protein quality and essential amino acid content of both starting (phase 1) and follow-up (phase 2) formulas from different manufacturers. The chemical amino acid score and protein digestibility corrected by the amino acid score were calculated. The determined protein contents in most formulas were above the maximum limit recommended by FAO and WHO guidelines and at odds with the protein contents declared in the label. All infant formulas contained lactoferrin (0.06 to 0.44 g·100 g−1) and α-lactalbumin (0.02 to 1.34 g·100 g−1) below recommended concentrations, whereas ĸ-casein (8.28 to 12.91 g·100 g−1), α-casein (0.70 to 2.28 g·100 g−1) and β-lactoglobulin (1.32 to 4.19 g·100 g−1) were detected above recommended concentrations. Essential amino acid quantification indicated that threonine, leucine and phenylalanine were the most abundant amino acids found in the investigated infant formulas. In conclusion, infant formulas are still unconforming to nutritional breast milk quality and must be improved in order to follow current global health authority guidelines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristine Couto de Almeida
- Graduate Program in Sanitary Surveillance (PPGVS), National Institute of Health Quality Control (INCQS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (C.C.d.A.); (K.C.L.)
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Hygiene (PPGHV), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Vital Brazil Filho, Niterói 24230-340, Brazil;
| | - Diego dos Santos Baião
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil; (D.d.S.B.); (V.M.F.P.)
| | - Katia Christina Leandro
- Graduate Program in Sanitary Surveillance (PPGVS), National Institute of Health Quality Control (INCQS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (C.C.d.A.); (K.C.L.)
| | - Vania Margaret Flosi Paschoalin
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil; (D.d.S.B.); (V.M.F.P.)
- Graduate Studies in Food Science (PPGCAL), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
- Graduate Studies in Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Marion Pereira da Costa
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Hygiene (PPGHV), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Vital Brazil Filho, Niterói 24230-340, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Inspection and Technology of Milk and Derivatives (LaITLácteos), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), Salvador 40170-110, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Graduate Program in Sanitary Surveillance (PPGVS), National Institute of Health Quality Control (INCQS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil; (C.C.d.A.); (K.C.L.)
- Center for Food Analysis (NAL), Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Veterinary Hygiene (PPGHV), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Vital Brazil Filho, Niterói 24230-340, Brazil;
- Laboratory of Advanced Analysis in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (LAABBM), Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil; (D.d.S.B.); (V.M.F.P.)
- Graduate Studies in Food Science (PPGCAL), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
- Graduate Studies in Chemistry (PGQu), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +21-98728-6704 or +21-3938-7825
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fu S, Shen X, Wang X, Zhou Y, Zhang J, Miao J. RNA-seq and nuclear proteomics provide insights into the lactation regulation mechanism of goat transfected IGF-I and GH recombinant vectors. Growth Horm IGF Res 2021; 60-61:101428. [PMID: 34507252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2021.101428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
There exists little available information on the mechanisms of lactation regulation until now. In order to explore the underlying mechanism, we injected IGF-I and GH recombinant vectors into the mammary gland, then RNA-seq analysis and nuclear proteomics were used for rapid high-throughput screening of DEGs and DEPs in the two groups linked to lactation regulation. KEGG analysis of 206 DEGs showed that the same 4 of top 10 enrichment pathways (ECM receptor interaction, protein digestion and absorption, focal adhesion and phagosome) involved in 4 co-expressed genes (IDO, BTG1, ITGB6 and keratin 83), the two groups enriched different metabolic pathways yet. Nuclear proteomics analysis showed 75 and 36 DEPs in the IGF-I and GH group respectively; Sixteen common proteins were identified between the IGF-I group and GH group, four of which (ALB, TPT1, CXXC-5 and ACTR2) significantly decreased and three of which (PRP1, PAG-9 and Hsp70) significantly increased. Similarly, DEPs in the two groups were enriched in same one of top 10 enrichment pathways (PI3K-Akt signaling pathway). Protein-protein interaction networks highlighted the contribution of glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism and the Jak-STAT signaling pathway to lactation regulation of GH and IGFI. GH and IGF-I improve milk yield, which may be linked to important nodal proteins (ALB and ACTB). Our research advances the understanding of the mammary gland transcriptome and nuclear proteomics during GH and IGF-I overexpression. Individual genes, proteins and pathways in this study point towards potential targets for lactation regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaodong Fu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xuehuai Shen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Livestock and Poultry Epidemic Diseases Research Center of Anhui Province, Hefei 230001, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yilin Zhou
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jinqiu Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Immunology & Engineering, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Jinfeng Miao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Alberio R, Wolf E. 25th ANNIVERSARY OF CLONING BY SOMATIC-CELL NUCLEAR TRANSFER: Nuclear transfer and the development of genetically modified/gene edited livestock. Reproduction 2021; 162:F59-F68. [PMID: 34096507 PMCID: PMC8240728 DOI: 10.1530/rep-21-0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The birth and adult development of 'Dolly' the sheep, the first mammal produced by the transfer of a terminally differentiated cell nucleus into an egg, provided unequivocal evidence of nuclear equivalence among somatic cells. This ground-breaking experiment challenged a long-standing dogma of irreversible cellular differentiation that prevailed for over a century and enabled the development of methodologies for reversal of differentiation of somatic cells, also known as nuclear reprogramming. Thanks to this new paradigm, novel alternatives for regenerative medicine in humans, improved animal breeding in domestic animals and approaches to species conservation through reproductive methodologies have emerged. Combined with the incorporation of new tools for genetic modification, these novel techniques promise to (i) transform and accelerate our understanding of genetic diseases and the development of targeted therapies through creation of tailored animal models, (ii) provide safe animal cells, tissues and organs for xenotransplantation, (iii) contribute to the preservation of endangered species, and (iv) improve global food security whilst reducing the environmental impact of animal production. This review discusses recent advances that build on the conceptual legacy of nuclear transfer and – when combined with gene editing – will have transformative potential for medicine, biodiversity and sustainable agriculture. We conclude that the potential of these technologies depends on further fundamental and translational research directed at improving the efficiency and safety of these methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramiro Alberio
- School of Biosciences University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Bioactive Compounds in Infant Formula and Their Effects on Infant Nutrition and Health: A Systematic Literature Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2021; 2021:8850080. [PMID: 34095293 PMCID: PMC8140835 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8850080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Infant formulas are an alternative to replace or supplement human milk when breastfeeding is not possible. The knowledge of human milk's bioactive compounds and their beneficial effects has attracted the interest of researchers in the field of infant nutrition, as well as researchers of technology and food sciences that seek to improve the nutritional characteristics of infant formulas. Several scientific studies evaluate the optimization of infant formula composition. The bioactive compound inclusion has been used to upgrade the quality and nutrition of infant formulas. In this context, the purpose of this systematic literature review is to assess the scientific evidence of bioactive compounds present in infant formulas (α-lactalbumin, lactoferrin, taurine, milk fat globule membrane, folates, polyamines, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, prebiotics, and probiotics) and their effects on infant nutrition and health. Through previously determined criteria, studies published in the last fifteen years from five different databases were included to identify the advances in the optimization of infant formula composition. Over the last few years, there has been optimization of the infant formula composition, not only to increase the similarities in their content of macro and micronutrients but also to include novel bioactive ingredients with potential health benefits for infants. Although the infant food industry has advanced in the last years, there is no consensus on whether novel bioactive ingredients added to infant formulas have the same functional effects as the compounds found in human milk. Thus, further studies about the impact of bioactive compounds in infant nutrition are fundamental to infant health.
Collapse
|
13
|
Kalmykov VA, Kusov PA, Deykin AV. Development of a Multiplex PCR Test System for the Determination of a Transgene Based on the pBC1 Plasmid and Its Derivatives for the Expression of Recombinant Proteins in Mus musculus Milk. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2019; 485:153-156. [PMID: 31201639 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672919020212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A multiplex PCR test system for identification of the regulatory sequences of genetic constructs for transformation (promotor, insulator, and terminator) in the Mus musculus genome and for transgenic animal selection by genotyping with horizontal agarose gel electrophoresis detection was developed. The proposed system was validated by genotyping mouse strains producing human lactoferrin, heat shock protein HSP 70, firefly luciferase, and lysozyme, which were obtained by microinjections of linearized DNA into murine zygote pronucleus with random transgene integration into the genome using the pBC1 plasmid for expression of the gene of interest in milk of transformed animals (milk expression vector kit).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V A Kalmykov
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334, Moscow, Russia
| | - P A Kusov
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334, Moscow, Russia.,Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 143025, Skolkovo, Moscow oblast, Russia
| | - A V Deykin
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334, Moscow, Russia. .,Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, 125315, Moscow, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Figueroa-Lozano S, de Vos P. Relationship Between Oligosaccharides and Glycoconjugates Content in Human Milk and the Development of the Gut Barrier. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2018; 18:121-139. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Revised: 09/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Susana Figueroa-Lozano
- Immunoendocrinology, Div. of Medical Biology, Dept. of Pathology and Medical Biology; Univ. of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Paul de Vos
- Immunoendocrinology, Div. of Medical Biology, Dept. of Pathology and Medical Biology; Univ. of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen; Groningen The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Guerra AF, Mellinger-Silva C, Rosenthal A, Luchese RH. Hot topic: Holder pasteurization of human milk affects some bioactive proteins. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:2814-2818. [PMID: 29397184 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of Holder pasteurization (HoP; 62.5°C, 30 min) on the protein profile and activities of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and lysozyme (LZ) in human milk. Over 6 mo of lactation, human milk samples were analyzed before (raw) and after HoP for GPx and LZ activity and electrophoresis protein profile. Holder pasteurization reduced human milk lactoferrin, immunoglobulin fractions, and GPx activity. In addition, GPx activity, which is high in colostrum and transitional milk, was naturally reduced over the 6-mo lactation period. In contrast, HoP did not affect human milk LZ activity. Besides its critical cellular antioxidant role in protecting the organism from oxidative damage, GPx decreases the redox potential of milk, stimulating the growth of anaerobic microorganisms, such as the probiotic Bifidobacterium. Considering the role of lactoferrin in infant health, we conclude that an important part of its function has been inactivated by pasteurization. These compounds should be replaced by human milk banks after the HoP step to recover lost functionality. Otherwise, an alternative technology to HoP that better retains human milk properties should be used by milk banks to eliminate the risk of transmission of infectious agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André F Guerra
- Department of Food Technology, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, 23.897-970 Seropédica, RJ, Brazil; Federal Center of Technological Education Celso Suckow da Fonseca, 27.600-000 Valença, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | - Amauri Rosenthal
- Embrapa Food Technology, Guaratiba 23.020-470, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rosa H Luchese
- Department of Food Technology, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, 23.897-970 Seropédica, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Akers RM. A 100-Year Review: Mammary development and lactation. J Dairy Sci 2017; 100:10332-10352. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
17
|
Lamas-Toranzo I, Guerrero-Sánchez J, Miralles-Bover H, Alegre-Cid G, Pericuesta E, Bermejo-Álvarez P. CRISPR is knocking on barn door. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52 Suppl 4:39-47. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - G Alegre-Cid
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal; INIA; Madrid Spain
| | - E Pericuesta
- Departamento de Reproducción Animal; INIA; Madrid Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|