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Satar Z, Hotton G, Samandouras G. Systematic review-Time to malignant transformation in low-grade gliomas: Predicting a catastrophic event with clinical, neuroimaging, and molecular markers. Neurooncol Adv 2021; 3:vdab101. [PMID: 34466805 PMCID: PMC8403481 DOI: 10.1093/noajnl/vdab101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite an initially indolent course, all WHO grade II, LGGs inevitably transform to malignant, WHO grades III and IV, without current curative options. Malignant transformation (MT) remains unpredictable with limited prognostic markers to steer timing of interventions. The aim of this study was to review and assign predictive value to specific clinical, molecular, and radiological markers impacting MT, thereby justifying timely therapeutic interventions. Methods Searches of MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases were conducted from inception to April 28, 2021 and outputs were analysed in accordance with PRISMA protocol. Results From an initial 5,032 articles, 33 articles were included, totalling 5672 patients. Forty-three prognostic factors were registered to significantly impact MT. These were categorised as 7 clinical; 14 neuroimaging; 8 biological/molecular; 3 volumetric; 5 topological; 3 histological; and 3 treatment-related. Following analysis, 10 factors were highlighted: the pre-operative prognosticators were 1. presentation with epileptic seizures; 2. VDE > 8 mm/y; 3. VDE > 4 mm/y; 4. rCBV > 1.75; 5. PTV ≥ 5 cm (65 ml); 6. PTV ≥ 100 ml; and 7. cortical involvement. The post-operative prognosticators were: (1) IDH-wt, (2) TP53 mutation, and (3) temozolomide monotherapy. Conclusions The management of LGGs remains controversial, as conservative and invasive treatment may be associated with MT and impaired quality of life, respectively. Our review indicates that MT can be predicted by specific metrics in VDE, PTV, and rCBV, alongside cortical involvement. Additionally, patients with IDH-wt tumours TP53 mutations, or receiving TMZ monotherapy are more likely to undergo MT. Our data may form the basis of a predictive scoring system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zabina Satar
- University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
| | - Gary Hotton
- The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, UK.,North Middlesex University Hospital, London, UK
| | - George Samandouras
- University College London, Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.,University College London Hospitals NHS Trust, Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, The National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, London, UK
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Zhang Y, Liao G, Bai J, Zhang X, Xu L, Deng C, Yan M, Xie A, Luo T, Long Z, Xiao Y, Li X. Identifying Cancer Driver lncRNAs Bridged by Functional Effectors through Integrating Multi-omics Data in Human Cancers. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2019; 17:362-373. [PMID: 31302496 PMCID: PMC6626872 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of somatic driver mutations in the human genome enables cells to gradually acquire a growth advantage and contributes to tumor development. Great efforts on protein-coding cancer drivers have yielded fruitful discoveries and clinical applications. However, investigations on cancer drivers in non-coding regions, especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), are extremely scarce due to the limitation of functional understanding. Thus, to identify driver lncRNAs integrating multi-omics data in human cancers, we proposed a computational framework, DriverLncNet, which dissected the functional impact of somatic copy number alteration (CNA) of lncRNAs on regulatory networks and captured key functional effectors in dys-regulatory networks. Applying it to 5 cancer types from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), we portrayed the landscape of 117 driver lncRNAs and revealed their associated cancer hallmarks through their functional effectors. Moreover, lncRNA RP11-571M6.8 was detected to be highly associated with immunotherapeutic targets (PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4) and regulatory T cell infiltration level and their markers (IL2RA and FCGR2B) in glioblastoma multiforme, highlighting its immunosuppressive function. Meanwhile, a high expression of RP11-1020A11.1 in bladder carcinoma was predictive of poor survival independent of clinical characteristics, and CTD-2256P15.2 in lung adenocarcinoma responded to the sensitivity of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) inhibitors. In summary, this study provided a framework to decipher the mechanisms of tumorigenesis from driver lncRNA level, established a new landscape of driver lncRNAs in human cancers, and offered potential clinical implications for precision oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Gaoming Liao
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Jing Bai
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Xinxin Zhang
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Liwen Xu
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Chunyu Deng
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Min Yan
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Aimin Xie
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Tao Luo
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Zhilin Long
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China
| | - Yun Xiao
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China.
| | - Xia Li
- College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China; Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Medicine Research, Harbin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, China.
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Qin L, Jia Z, Xie D, Liu Z. Knockdown of long noncoding RNA urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 inhibits cell viability, migration, and invasion by regulating microRNA-182 in gastric carcinoma. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:10075-10086. [PMID: 30129054 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long noncoding RNA urothelial carcinoma-associated 1 (UCA1) has been reported to be a vital mediator in various cancers. But, in terms of gastric cancer (GC), the effects of UCA1 on GC cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis remain unclear. This study aimed to uncover the potential regulatory mechanism of UCA1 in GC cells. METHODS The expression level of UCA1 was first examined in the five different cell lines of HEK293, CCL-153, HUVEC, SUN-216, and SGC-7901 using a reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Then, the vectors of short hairpin UCA1, the microRNA-182 (miR-182) mimic/inhibitor, and the pEX-tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases 2 (TIMP2)/small interfering TIMP2 were transfected into SUN-216 and SGC-7901 cells to alter UCA1, miR-182, and TIMP2 expression. To investigate the biological functions, cell viability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis were examined by Cell Counting Kit-8, Transwell, and flow cytometry. The key factors of apoptosis and phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signal pathways were determined by Western blot analysis. RESULTS UCA1 was upregulated in SUN-216 and SGC-7901 cells than in the other three cell lines of HEK293, CCL-153, and HUVEC. Knockdown of UCA1 significantly suppressed cell viability, migration, and invasion, and promoted apoptosis by regulating B-cell lymphoma 2, Bax, and cleaved-caspase-3/9 expressions. However, miR-182 overexpression markedly reversed the regulatory effect of UCA1 knockdown on SUN-216 and SGC-7901 cells. TIMP2 was a direct target gene of miR-182, and TIMP2 overexpression exhibited the same effect of UCA1 knockdown on cell viability, migration, invasion, and apoptosis. Besides, miR-182 activated PI3K/AKT/GSK3β and NF-κB signal pathways by regulation of TIMP2. CONCLUSION Knockdown of UCA1 exerts an anticancer effect on GC cells by regulating miR-182.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
| | - Zhihua Jia
- Department of General Surgery, Zoucheng City People's Hospital, Zoucheng, China
| | - Dawei Xie
- Department of General Surgery, Zoucheng City People's Hospital, Zoucheng, China
| | - Zhongyuan Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Jining No. 1 People's Hospital, Jining, China
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Zhang K, Li C, Liu Y, Li L, Meng X, Feng D, Ma X. Evaluation of astrocytoma cell proliferation using diffusion-weighted imaging: correlation with expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen. Transl Neurosci 2015; 6:265-270. [PMID: 28123812 PMCID: PMC4936638 DOI: 10.1515/tnsci-2015-0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze if there is a significant correlation between the results of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in astrocytomas. The DWI scans of 19 different-grade astrocytomas were obtained on a 3 T magnetic resonance scanner. The average regional apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) were measured. The positive expression of PCNA was determined immunohistochemically by using streptavidin-peroxidase complex staining, and was quantified by calculating its calibrated opacity density (COD) using an image analysis system. The average regional ADC and PCNA COD of low grade and high grade astrocytomas were compared. Correlations between regional ADC and PCNA COD were analyzed. The average regional ADC of high grade astrocytomas was significantly (t = 10.169, P = 0.000) less (0.687 ± 0.225 × 10−3 mm2/s) than that of low grade astrocytomas (1.572 ± 0.333 × 10−3 mm2/s). The PCNA COD (0.343 ± 0.052) of high grade astrocytomas was significantly (t=−7.858, P=0.000) greater than that (0.194 ± 0.012) of low grade astrocytomas. There were strong negative correlations between regional ADC and PCNA COD (r = −0.801, P = 0.000). The results demonstrated that DWI is helpful in evaluating cell proliferation and preoperatively grading astrocytomas by measuring regional ADC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
| | - Chuanfu Li
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- MRI Department, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pathology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
| | - Xiangshui Meng
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
| | - Dechao Feng
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
| | - Xiangxing Ma
- Department of Radiology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, P. R. China
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Sridharan V, Urbanski LM, Bi WL, Thistle K, Miller MB, Ramkissoon S, Reardon DA, Dunn IF. Multicentric Low-Grade Gliomas. World Neurosurg 2015; 84:1045-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2015.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 05/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Yao Y, Chan AKY, Qin ZY, Chen LC, Zhang X, Pang JCS, Li HM, Wang Y, Mao Y, Ng HK, Zhou LF. Mutation analysis of IDH1 in paired gliomas revealed IDH1 mutation was not associated with malignant progression but predicted longer survival. PLoS One 2013; 8:e67421. [PMID: 23840696 PMCID: PMC3696098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0067421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrence and progression to higher grade lesions are characteristic behaviorsof gliomas. Though IDH1 mutation frequently occurs and is considered as an early event in gliomagenesis, little is known about its role in the recurrence and progression of gliomas. We therefore analysed IDH1 and IDH2 statusat codon 132 of IDH1 and codon 172 of IDH2 by direct sequencing and anti-IDH1-R132H immunohistochemistry in 53 paired samples and their recurrences, including 29 low- grade gliomas, 16 anaplastic gliomas and 8 Glioblastomas. IDH1/IDH2 mutation was detected in 32 primarytumors, with 25 low- grade gliomas and 6 anaplastic gliomas harboring IDH1 mutation and 1 low- grade glioma harboring IDH2 mutation. All of the paired tumors showed consistent IDH1 and IDH2 status. Patients were analyzed according to IDH1 status and tumor-related factors. Malignant progression at recurrence was noted in 22 gliomas and was not associated with IDH1 mutation. Survival analysis revealed patients with IDH1 mutated gliomas had a significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). In conclusion, this study demonstrated a strong tendency of IDH1/IDH2 status being consistent during progression of glioma. IDH1 mutation was not a predictive marker for malignant progression and it was a potential prognostic marker for gliomas of Chinese patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Doncel-Pérez E, García-Álvarez I, Fernández-Mayoralas A, Nieto-Sampedro M. Synthetic glycolipids for glioma growth inhibition developed from neurostatin and NF115 compound. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 23:435-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.11.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2012] [Revised: 11/17/2012] [Accepted: 11/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Yue WY, Sai K, Wu QL, Xia YF, Yu SH, Chen ZP. Long-term molecular changes in WHO grade II astrocytomas following radiotherapy. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2012; 31:159-65. [PMID: 22313596 PMCID: PMC3777483 DOI: 10.5732/cjc.011.10149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring the long-term radiotherapy-associated molecular changes in low-grade gliomas (LGGs) facilitates the understanding of LGG response to radiotherapy. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry to analyze the expression of Ki-67, tumor protein P53 (TP53), P21, and P27 in 8 paired WHO grade II astrocytoma samples. The interval between radiotherapy (RT) and the second surgery was more than 3 months in all cases. The average Ki-67 labeling index (LI) was 5.3% in pre-RT samples and 11.54% in post-RT samples. Ki-67 LI was higher in the primary tumors that underwent malignant transformation observed at the second surgery after radiation. Post-RT Ki-67 LI decreased in 2 cases with an interval of less than 12 months between RT and the second surgery. TP53 expression was found in 3 out of 4 pre-RT samples with malignant transformation and in 1 out of 4 pre-RT samples without malignant transformation. Post-RT TP53 increased in 2 cases in which increased expression of P21 or P27 was also observed. Our study suggests that radiotherapy can inhibit WHO grade II astrocytoma proliferation as reflected by Ki-67 LI, but the effect attenuates with time. In addition, there is a tendency of malignant transformation for WHO grade II astrocytomas with a high Ki-67 level or TP53 expression in initial samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ying Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Department of Neurosurgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510060, P. R. China
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Fedrigo CA, Grivicich I, Schunemann DP, Chemale IM, Santos DD, Jacovas T, Boschetti PS, Jotz GP, Filho AB, da Rocha AB. Radioresistance of human glioma spheroids and expression of HSP70, p53 and EGFr. Radiat Oncol 2011; 6:156. [PMID: 22077956 PMCID: PMC3223500 DOI: 10.1186/1748-717x-6-156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Radiation therapy is routinely prescribed for high-grade malignant gliomas. However, the efficacy of this therapeutic modality is often limited by the occurrence of radioresistance, reflected as a diminished susceptibility of the irradiated cells to undergo cell death. Thus, cells have evolved an elegant system in response to ionizing radiation induced DNA damage, where p53, Hsp70 and/or EGFr may play an important role in the process. In the present study, we investigated whether the content of p53, Hsp70 and EGFr are associated to glioblastoma (GBM) cell radioresistance. METHODS Spheroids from U-87MG and MO59J cell lines as well as spheroids derived from primary culture of tumor tissue of one GBM patient (UGBM1) were irradiated (5, 10 and 20 Gy), their relative radioresistance were established and the p53, Hsp70 and EGFr contents were immunohistochemically determined. Moreover, we investigated whether EGFr-phospho-Akt and EGFr-MEK-ERK pathways can induce GBM radioresistance using inhibitors of activation of ERK (PD098059) and Akt (wortmannin). RESULTS At 5 Gy irradiation UGBM1 and U-87MG spheroids showed growth inhibition whereas the MO59J spheroid was relatively radioresistant. Overall, no significant changes in p53 and Hsp70 expression were found following 5 Gy irradiation treatment in all spheroids studied. The only difference observed in Hsp70 content was the periphery distribution in MO59J spheroids. However, 5 Gy treatment induced a significant increase on the EGFr levels in MO59J spheroids. Furthermore, treatment with inhibitors of activation of ERK (PD098059) and Akt (wortmannin) leads to radiosensitization of MO59J spheroids. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that the PI3K-Akt and MEK-ERK pathways triggered by EGFr confer GBM radioresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos A Fedrigo
- Laboratório de Marcadores de Estresse Celular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brasil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brasil
| | - Ivana Grivicich
- Laboratório de Marcadores de Estresse Celular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brasil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Diagnóstico Genético e Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brasil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brasil
| | - Daniel P Schunemann
- Laboratório de Marcadores de Estresse Celular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brasil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Diagnóstico Genético e Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brasil
| | - Ivan M Chemale
- Serviço de Neurocirurgia do Hospital Beneficência de Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Daiane dos Santos
- Laboratório de Marcadores de Estresse Celular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brasil
| | - Thais Jacovas
- Laboratório de Marcadores de Estresse Celular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brasil
| | - Patryck S Boschetti
- Laboratório de Marcadores de Estresse Celular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brasil
| | - Geraldo P Jotz
- Departamento de Ciências Morfológicas da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Aroldo Braga Filho
- Serviço de Radioterapia do Hospital São Lucas da Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil
| | - Adriana B da Rocha
- Laboratório de Marcadores de Estresse Celular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brasil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Diagnóstico Genético e Molecular, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brasil
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Genética e Toxicologia Aplicada, Universidade Luterana do Brasil, Canoas, RS, Brasil
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