1
|
Pramanik S, Devi M H, Chakrabarty S, Paylar B, Pradhan A, Thaker M, Ayyadhury S, Manavalan A, Olsson PE, Pramanik G, Heese K. Microglia signaling in health and disease - Implications in sex-specific brain development and plasticity. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2024; 165:105834. [PMID: 39084583 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Microglia, the intrinsic neuroimmune cells residing in the central nervous system (CNS), exert a pivotal influence on brain development, homeostasis, and functionality, encompassing critical roles during both aging and pathological states. Recent advancements in comprehending brain plasticity and functions have spotlighted conspicuous variances between male and female brains, notably in neurogenesis, neuronal myelination, axon fasciculation, and synaptogenesis. Nevertheless, the precise impact of microglia on sex-specific brain cell plasticity, sculpting diverse neural network architectures and circuits, remains largely unexplored. This article seeks to unravel the present understanding of microglial involvement in brain development, plasticity, and function, with a specific emphasis on microglial signaling in brain sex polymorphism. Commencing with an overview of microglia in the CNS and their associated signaling cascades, we subsequently probe recent revelations regarding molecular signaling by microglia in sex-dependent brain developmental plasticity, functions, and diseases. Notably, C-X3-C motif chemokine receptor 1 (CX3CR1), triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2), calcium (Ca2+), and apolipoprotein E (APOE) emerge as molecular candidates significantly contributing to sex-dependent brain development and plasticity. In conclusion, we address burgeoning inquiries surrounding microglia's pivotal role in the functional diversity of developing and aging brains, contemplating their potential implications for gender-tailored therapeutic strategies in neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subrata Pramanik
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
| | - Harini Devi M
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Saswata Chakrabarty
- Jyoti and Bhupat Mehta School of Health Sciences and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Berkay Paylar
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro 70182, Sweden
| | - Ajay Pradhan
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro 70182, Sweden
| | - Manisha Thaker
- Eurofins Lancaster Laboratories, Inc., 2425 New Holland Pike, Lancaster, PA 17601, USA
| | - Shamini Ayyadhury
- The Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Arulmani Manavalan
- Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600077, India
| | - Per-Erik Olsson
- Biology, The Life Science Center, School of Science and Technology, Örebro University, Örebro 70182, Sweden
| | - Gopal Pramanik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India.
| | - Klaus Heese
- Graduate School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133791, the Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen C, Peng C, Hu Z, Ge L. Effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells-derived therapies for experimental traumatic brain injury: A meta-analysis. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25050. [PMID: 38322864 PMCID: PMC10844131 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal (stem) cells [also called MSC(M)] and their extracellular vesicles (EVs) are considered a potentially innovative form of therapy for traumatic brain injury (TBI). Nevertheless, their application to TBI particularly remains preclinical, and the effects of these cells remain unclear and controversial. Therefore, an updated meta-analysis of preclinical studies is necessary to assess the effectiveness of MSC(M) and MSC(M) derived EVs in clinical trials. Methods The following databases were searched (to December 2022): PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. In this study, we measured functional outcomes based on the modified neurological severity score (mNSS), cognitive outcomes based on the Morris water maze (MWM), and histopathological outcomes based on lesion volume. A random effects meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of mNSS, MWM, and lesion volume. Results A total of 2163 unique records were identified from our search, with Fifty-five full-text articles satisfying inclusion criteria. A mean score of 5.75 was assigned to the studies' quality scores, ranging from 4 to 7. MSC(M) and MSC(M) derived EVs had an overall positive effect on the mNSS score and MWM with SMDs -2.57 (95 % CI -3.26; -1.88; p < 0.01) and - 2.98 (95 % CI -4.21; -1.70; p < 0.01), respectively. As well, MSC(M) derived EVs were effective in reducing lesion volume by an SMD of - 0.80 (95 % CI -1.20; -0.40; p < 0.01). It was observed that there was significant variation among the studies, but further analyses could not determine the cause of this heterogeneity. Conclusions MSC(M) and MSC(M) derived EVs are promising treatments for TBI in pre-clinical studies, and translation to the clinical domain appears warranted. Besides, large-scale trials in animals and humans are required to support further research due to the limited sample size of MSC(M) derived EVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Chen
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Hunan Province, Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Cuiying Peng
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Hunan Province, Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Zhiping Hu
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Hunan Province, Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Lite Ge
- Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Clinical Medical Research Center for Stroke Prevention and Treatment of Hunan Province, Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
- Hunan provincial key laboratory of Neurorestoratology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410003, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Huang L, Xia L, Nie T, Cui B, Lu J, Lu F, Fan F, Ren D, Lu Y, Gao G, Yang Q. Maintaining Drosha expression with Cdk5 inhibitors as a potential therapeutic strategy for early intervention after TBI. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:210-219. [PMID: 38200156 PMCID: PMC10834983 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01152-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of death and disability in adults. The pathological process of TBI involves a multifactorial cascade in which kinases have been proven contribute to interactions between relevant factors and amplification of signaling cascades. Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a promising kinase that has been implicated in various brain disorders, including TBI. However, the mechanism by which Cdk5 induces neuronal damage remains unclear. Here, we show for the first time that Drosha, a key enzyme in microRNA biogenesis, is a pivotal substrate of abnormally activated Cdk5. Cdk5-mediated phosphorylation decreases Drosha expression and exacerbates nerve injury in TBI. We proved that maintaining Drosha expression via the administration of repurposed Cdk5 inhibitors that were previously studied in clinical trials is a promising approach for the early treatment of TBI. Together, our work identifies Drosha as a novel target for neuroprotective strategies after TBI and suggests Cdk5-mediated regulation of Drosha expression as a potential therapeutic strategy for early TBI intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Huang
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Xia
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tiejian Nie
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Bozhou Cui
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianjun Lu
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fangfang Lu
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Feiyan Fan
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dongni Ren
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guodong Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pischiutta F, Caruso E, Lugo A, Cavaleiro H, Stocchetti N, Citerio G, Salgado A, Gallus S, Zanier ER. Systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies testing mesenchymal stromal cells for traumatic brain injury. NPJ Regen Med 2021; 6:71. [PMID: 34716332 PMCID: PMC8556393 DOI: 10.1038/s41536-021-00182-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are widely used in preclinical models of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Results are promising in terms of neurological improvement but are hampered by wide variability in treatment responses. We made a systematic review and meta-analysis: (1) to assess the quality of evidence for MSC treatment in TBI rodent models; (2) to determine the effect size of MSCs on sensorimotor function, cognitive function, and anatomical damage; (3) to identify MSC-related and protocol-related variables associated with greater efficacy; (4) to understand whether MSC manipulations boost therapeutic efficacy. The meta-analysis included 80 studies. After TBI, MSCs improved sensorimotor and cognitive deficits and reduced anatomical damage. Stratified meta-analysis on sensorimotor outcome showed similar efficacy for different MSC sources and for syngeneic or xenogenic transplants. Efficacy was greater when MSCs were delivered in the first-week post-injury, and when implanted directly into the lesion cavity. The greatest effect size was for cells embedded in matrices or for MSC-derivatives. MSC therapy is effective in preclinical TBI models, improving sensorimotor, cognitive, and anatomical outcomes, with large effect sizes. These findings support clinical studies in TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Pischiutta
- Laboratory of Acute Brain Injury and Therapeutic Strategies, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Caruso
- Laboratory of Acute Brain Injury and Therapeutic Strategies, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Lugo
- Laboratory of Lifestyle Epidemiology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Helena Cavaleiro
- Laboratory of Acute Brain Injury and Therapeutic Strategies, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.,Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.,Stemmatters, Biotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Nino Stocchetti
- Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplants, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Citerio
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - António Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.,ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Silvano Gallus
- Laboratory of Lifestyle Epidemiology, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa R Zanier
- Laboratory of Acute Brain Injury and Therapeutic Strategies, Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Chopp M, Zhang ZG, Mahmood A, Xiong Y. Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Improve Functional Recovery in Rats After Traumatic Brain Injury: A Dose-Response and Therapeutic Window Study. Neurorehabil Neural Repair 2020; 34:616-626. [PMID: 32462980 DOI: 10.1177/1545968320926164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background. Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes play a critical role in regenerative medicine. Objective. To determine the dose- and time-dependent efficacy of exosomes for treatment of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods. Male rats were subjected to a unilateral moderate cortical contusion. In the dose-response study, animals received a single intravenous injection of exosomes (50, 100, 200 µg per rat) or vehicle, with treatment initiated at 1 day after injury. In the therapeutic window study, animals received a single intravenous injection of 100 µg exosomes or vehicle starting at 1, 4, or 7 days after injury. Neurological functional tests were performed weekly after TBI for 5 weeks. Spatial learning was measured on days 31 to 35 after TBI using the Morris water maze test. Results. Compared with the vehicle, regardless of the dose and delay in treatment, exosome treatment significantly improved sensorimotor and cognitive function, reduced hippocampal neuronal cell loss, promoted angiogenesis and neurogenesis, and reduced neuroinflammation. Exosome treatment at 100 µg per rat exhibited a significant therapeutic effect compared with the 50- or 200-µg exosome groups. The time-dependent exosome treatment data demonstrated that exosome treatment starting at 1 day post-TBI provided a significantly greater improvement in functional and histological outcomes than exosome treatments at the other 2 delayed treatments. Conclusions. These results indicate that exosomes have a wide range of effective doses for treatment of TBI with a therapeutic window of at least 7 days postinjury. Exosomes may provide a novel therapeutic intervention in TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yi Zhang
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Michael Chopp
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.,Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | | | | | - Ye Xiong
- Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Magid L, Heymann S, Elgali M, Avram L, Cohen Y, Liraz-Zaltsman S, Mechoulam R, Shohami E. Role of CB 2 Receptor in the Recovery of Mice after Traumatic Brain Injury. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36:1836-1846. [PMID: 30489198 PMCID: PMC6551996 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.6063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cannabis is one of the most widely used plant drugs in the world today. In spite of the large number of scientific reports on medical marijuana, there still exists much controversy surrounding its use and the potential for abuse due to the undesirable psychotropic effects. However, recent developments in medicinal chemistry of novel non-psychoactive synthetic cannabinoids have indicated that it is possible to separate some of the therapeutic effects from the psychoactivity. We have previously shown that treatment with the endocannabinoid 2-AG, which binds to both CB1 and CB2 receptors 1 h after traumatic brain injury in mice, attenuates neurological deficits, edema formation, infarct volume, blood-brain barrier permeability, neuronal cell loss at the CA3 hippocampal region, and neuroinflammation. Recently, we synthesized a set of camphor-resorcinol derivatives, which represent a novel series of CB2 receptor selective ligands. Most of the novel compounds exhibited potent binding and agonistic properties at the CB2 receptors with very low affinity for the CB1 receptor, and some were highly anti-inflammatory. This selective binding correlated with their intrinsic activities. HU-910 and HU-914 were selected in the present study to evaluate their potential effect in the pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury (TBI). In mice and rats subjected to closed-head injury and treated with these novel compounds, we showed enhanced neurobehavioral recovery, inhibition of tumor necrosis factor α production, increased synaptogenesis, and partial recovery of the cortical spinal tract. We propose these CB2 agonists as potential drugs for development of novel therapeutic modality to TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lital Magid
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sami Heymann
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hadassah Medical Center, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Merav Elgali
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Drug Research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Liat Avram
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yoram Cohen
- School of Chemistry, Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sigal Liraz-Zaltsman
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Drug Research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
- Joseph Sagol Neuroscience Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel HaShomer, Israel
| | - Raphael Mechoulam
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Esther Shohami
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute for Drug Research, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Strub M, Keller L, Idoux-Gillet Y, Lesot H, Clauss F, Benkirane-Jessel N, Kuchler-Bopp S. Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Promote Innervation of Bioengineered Teeth. J Dent Res 2018; 97:1152-1159. [PMID: 29879365 DOI: 10.1177/0022034518779077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMDCs) into a denervated side of the spinal cord was reported to be a useful option for axonal regeneration. The innervation of teeth is essential for their function and protection but does not occur spontaneously after injury. Cultured reassociations between dissociated embryonic dental mesenchymal and epithelial cells and implantation lead to a vascularized tooth organ regeneration. However, when reassociations were coimplanted with a trigeminal ganglion (TG), innervation did not occur. On the other hand, reassociations between mixed embryonic dental mesenchymal cells and bone marrow-derived cells isolated from green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic mice (BMDCs-GFP) (50/50) with an intact and competent dental epithelium (ED14) were innervated. In the present study, we verified the stemness of isolated BMDCs, confirmed their potential role in the innervation of bioengineered teeth, and analyzed the mechanisms by which this innervation can occur. For that purpose, reassociations between mixed embryonic dental mesenchymal cells and BMDCs-GFP with an intact and competent dental epithelium were cultured and coimplanted subcutaneously with a TG for 2 wk in ICR mice. Axons entered the dental pulp and reached the odontoblast layer. BMDCs-GFP were detected at the base of the tooth, with some being present in the pulp associated with the axons. Thus, while having a very limited contribution in tooth formation, they promoted the innervation of the bioengineered teeth. Using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunostainings, BMDCs were shown to promote innervation by 2 mechanisms: 1) via immunomodulation by reducing the number of T lymphocytes (CD3+, CD25+) in the implants and 2) by expressing neurotrophic factors such as NGF, BDNF, and NT3 for axonal growth. This strategy using autologous mesenchymal cells coming from bone marrow could be used to innervate bioengineered teeth without treatment with an immunosuppressor such as cyclosporine A (CsA), thus avoiding multiple side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Strub
- 1 INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Regenerative NanoMedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France.,2 Université de Strasbourg (UDS), Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France.,3 Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Strasbourg, France
| | - L Keller
- 1 INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Regenerative NanoMedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France.,2 Université de Strasbourg (UDS), Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - Y Idoux-Gillet
- 1 INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Regenerative NanoMedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France.,2 Université de Strasbourg (UDS), Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - H Lesot
- 1 INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Regenerative NanoMedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - F Clauss
- 1 INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Regenerative NanoMedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France.,2 Université de Strasbourg (UDS), Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France.,3 Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Strasbourg, France
| | - N Benkirane-Jessel
- 1 INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Regenerative NanoMedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France.,2 Université de Strasbourg (UDS), Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, Strasbourg, France
| | - S Kuchler-Bopp
- 1 INSERM (French National Institute of Health and Medical Research), Regenerative NanoMedicine (RNM), FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global public health concern, with limited treatment options available. Despite improving survival rate after TBI, treatment is lacking for brain functional recovery and structural repair in clinic. Recent studies have suggested that the mature brain harbors neural stem cells which have regenerative capacity following brain insults. Much progress has been made in preclinical TBI model studies in understanding the behaviors, functions, and regulatory mechanisms of neural stem cells in the injured brain. Different strategies targeting these cell population have been assessed in TBI models. In parallel, cell transplantation strategy using a wide range of stem cells has been explored for TBI treatment in pre-clinical studies and some in clinical trials. This review summarized strategies which have been explored to enhance endogenous neural stem cell-mediated regeneration and recent development in cell transplantation studies for post-TBI brain repair. RECENT FINDINGS Thus far, neural regeneration through neural stem cells either by modulating endogenous neural stem cells or by stem cell transplantation has attracted much attention. It is highly speculated that targeting neural stem cells could be a potential strategy to repair and regenerate the injured brain. Neuroprotection and neuroregeneration are major aspects for TBI therapeutic development. With technique advancement, it is hoped that stem cell-based therapy targeting neuroregeneration will be able to translate to clinic in not so far future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M Weston
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O.Box 980709, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Dong Sun
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Medical College of Virginia Campus, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O.Box 980709, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wang Y, Huang A, Gan L, Bao Y, Zhu W, Hu Y, Ma L, Wei S, Lan Y. Screening of Potential Genes and Transcription Factors of Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction via Bioinformatics Methods. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:503-510. [PMID: 29374768 PMCID: PMC5791419 DOI: 10.12659/msm.907445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to explore the potential genes and transcription factors involved in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) via bioinformatics analysis. Material/Methods GSE95070 miRNA expression profiles were downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus database, which included five hippocampal tissues from POCD mice and controls. Moreover, the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) between the two groups were identified. In addition, the target genes of DEMs were predicted using Targetscan 7.1, followed by protein-protein interaction (PPI) network construction, functional enrichment analysis, pathway analysis, and prediction of transcription factors (TFs) targeting the potential targets. Results A total of eight DEMs were obtained, and 823 target genes were predicted, including 170 POCD-associated genes. Furthermore, potential key genes in the network were remarkably enriched in focal adhesion, protein digestion and absorption, ECM-receptor interaction, and Wnt and MAPK signaling pathways. Conclusions Most potential target genes were involved in the regulation of TFs, including LEF1, SP1, and AP4, which may exert strong impact on the development of POCD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous
Region, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Ailan Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous
Region, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Lixia Gan
- Department of Anesthesiology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous
Region, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yanli Bao
- Department of Anesthesiology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous
Region, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Weilin Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous
Region, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous
Region, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous
Region, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Shiyang Wei
- Department of Gynecology, People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous
Region, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yuyan Lan
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical
University, Nanning, Guangxi, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Celikkin N, Rinoldi C, Costantini M, Trombetta M, Rainer A, Święszkowski W. Naturally derived proteins and glycosaminoglycan scaffolds for tissue engineering applications. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 78:1277-1299. [PMID: 28575966 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tissue engineering (TE) aims to mimic the complex environment where organogenesis takes place using advanced materials to recapitulate the tissue niche. Cells, three-dimensional scaffolds and signaling factors are the three main and essential components of TE. Over the years, materials and processes have become more and more sophisticated, allowing researchers to precisely tailor the final chemical, mechanical, structural and biological features of the designed scaffolds. In this review, we will pose the attention on two specific classes of naturally derived polymers: fibrous proteins and glycosaminoglycans (GAGs). These materials hold great promise for advances in the field of regenerative medicine as i) they generally undergo a fast remodeling in vivo favoring neovascularization and functional cells organization and ii) they elicit a negligible immune reaction preventing severe inflammatory response, both representing critical requirements for a successful integration of engineered scaffolds with the host tissue. We will discuss the recent achievements attained in the field of regenerative medicine by using proteins and GAGs, their merits and disadvantages and the ongoing challenges to move the current concepts to practical clinical application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nehar Celikkin
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, 141 Woloska str., 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Chiara Rinoldi
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, 141 Woloska str., 02-507 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marco Costantini
- Tissue Engineering Unit, Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Marcella Trombetta
- Tissue Engineering Unit, Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Alberto Rainer
- Tissue Engineering Unit, Department of Engineering, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128 Rome, Italy
| | - Wojciech Święszkowski
- Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Material Science and Engineering, 141 Woloska str., 02-507 Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Chu C, Zhu L, Wang S, Lan X, Qin H, Li S. [Construction of neural tissue engineering scaffold by gelatinous collagen]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2017; 31:363-368. [PMID: 29806269 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201611010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the biocompatibility of type I collagen scaffold with rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSCs) and its role on proliferation and differentiation of BMSCs so as to explore the feasibility of collagen scaffold as neural tissue engineering scaffold. Methods Type I collagen was used fabricate collagen scaffold. BMSCs were isolated by density gradient centrifugation. The 5th passage cells were used to prepare the collagen scaffold-BMSCs complex. The morphology of collagen scaffold and BMSCs was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and HE staining. The cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after culture in vitro. After cultured on collagen scaffold for 24 hours, the growth and adhesion of green fluorescent protein positive (GFP +) BMSCs were observed by confocal microscopy and live cell imaging. Results The confocal microscopy and live cell imaging results showed that GFP + BMSCs uniformly distributed in the collagen scaffold; cells were fusiform shaped, and cell process or junctions between the cells formed in some cells, indicating good cell growth in the collagen scaffold. Collagen scoffold had porous fiber structure under SEM; BMSCs could adhered to the scaffold, with good cell morphology. The absorbance ( A) value of BMSCs on collagen scaffold at 5 and 7 days after culture was significantly higher than that of purely-cultured BMSCs ( t=4.472, P=0.011; t=4.819, P=0.009). HE staining showed that collagen scaffold presented a homogeneous, light-pink filament like structure under light microscope. BMSCs on the collagen scaffold distributed uniformly at 24 hours; cell displayed various forms, and some cells extended multiple processes at 7 days, showing neuron-like cell morphology. Conclusion Gelatinous collagen scaffold is easy to prepare and has superior biocompatibility. It is a promising scaffold for neural tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chengyan Chu
- Department of Neurology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian Liaoning, 116033, P.R.China
| | - Liang Zhu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian Liaoning, 116044, P.R.China
| | - Suping Wang
- Department of Neurology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian Liaoning, 116033, P.R.China
| | - Xiaoyan Lan
- Department of Neurology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian Liaoning, 116033, P.R.China
| | - Huamin Qin
- Department of Pathology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian Liaoning, 116027, P.R.China
| | - Shen Li
- Department of Neurology, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian Liaoning, 116033,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jackson ML, Srivastava AK, Cox CS. Preclinical progenitor cell therapy in traumatic brain injury: a meta-analysis. J Surg Res 2017. [PMID: 28624058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND No treatment is available to reverse injury associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Progenitor cell therapies show promise in both preclinical and clinical studies. We conducted a meta-analysis of preclinical studies using progenitor cells to treat TBI. METHODS EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Review, Biosis, and Google Scholar were searched for articles using prespecified search strategies. Studies meeting inclusion criteria underwent data extraction. Analysis was performed using Review Manager 5.3 according to a fixed-effects model, and all studies underwent quality scoring. RESULTS Of 430 abstracts identified, 38 met inclusion criteria and underwent analysis. Average quality score was 4.32 of 8 possible points. No study achieved a perfect score. Lesion volume (LV) and neurologic severity score (NSS) outcomes favored cell treatment with standard mean difference (SMD) of 0.86 (95% CI: 0.64-1.09) and 1.36 (95% CI: 1.11-1.60), respectively. Rotarod and Morris water maze outcomes also favored treatment with improvements in SMD of 0.34 (95% CI: 0.02-0.65) and 0.46 (95% CI: 0.17-74), respectively. Although LV and NSS were robust to publication bias assessments, rotarod and Morris water maze tests were not. Heterogeneity (I2) ranged from 74%-85% among the analyses, indicating a high amount of heterogeneity among studies. Precision as a function of quality score showed a statistically significant increase in the size of the confidence interval as quality improved. CONCLUSIONS Our meta-analysis study reveals an overall positive effect of progenitor cell therapies on LV and NSS with a trend toward improved motor function and spatial learning in different TBI animal models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Margaret L Jackson
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas.
| | - Amit K Srivastava
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| | - Charles S Cox
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang J, Ding S, Huang W, Hu J, Huang S, Zhang Y, Zhuge Q. Interleukin-4 Ameliorates the Functional Recovery of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Through the Alternative Activation of Microglia/Macrophage. Front Neurosci 2016; 10:61. [PMID: 27013935 PMCID: PMC4781843 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2016.00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuro-inflammation plays an important role in the recovery of brain injury after stroke. Microglia/macrophage is the major executor in the neuro-inflammation, which can be polarized into two distinct phenotypes: injurious/toxic classical activation (M1 phenotype) and protective alternative activation (M2 phenotype). Here, we investigated whether intracerebral administration of interleukin-4 (IL-4) at an early stage could affect the activation of microglia/macrophage and the corresponding outcome after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). The neuro-behavior was recorded between different groups in the rat ICH model. The M1 and M2 markers were then determined by qRT-PCR, western blotting, ELISA, and immunofluorescence, respectively. We observed aberrant activation of microglia/macrophage after ICH. After intracerebral injection of IL-4, M1 activation was greatly inhibited while M2 activation was enhanced, along with improving neurobehavioral recovery from deficits after ICH. Our study showed that early intracerebral injection of IL-4 potentially promotes neuro-functional recovery, probably through enhancing the alternative activation of microglia/macrophage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianjing Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou, China
| | - Saidan Ding
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou, China
| | - Weilong Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiangnan Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou, China
| | - Shengwei Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou, China
| | - Qichuan Zhuge
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aging and Neurological Disease, Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Aertker BM, Bedi S, Cox CS. Strategies for CNS repair following TBI. Exp Neurol 2016; 275 Pt 3:411-426. [DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
15
|
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is the leading cause of death and disability for people under 45 years of age. Clinical TBI is often the result of disparate forces resulting in heterogeneous injuries. Preclinical modeling of TBI is a vital tool for studying the complex cascade of metabolic, cellular, and molecular post-TBI events collectively termed secondary injury. Preclinical models also provide an important platform for studying therapeutic interventions. However, modeling TBI in the preclinical setting is challenging, and most models replicate only certain aspects of clinical TBI. This chapter details the most widely used models of preclinical TBI, including the controlled cortical impact, fluid percussion, blast, and closed head models. Each of these models replicates particular critical aspects of clinical TBI. Prior to selecting a preclinical TBI model, it is important to address what aspect of human TBI is being sought to evaluate.
Collapse
|
16
|
Lemcke H, Steinhoff G, David R. Gap junctional shuttling of miRNA — A novel pathway of intercellular gene regulation and its prospects in clinical application. Cell Signal 2015; 27:2506-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 09/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
17
|
Lin YP, Jiang RC, Zhang JN. Stability of rat models of fluid percussion-induced traumatic brain injury: comparison of three different impact forces. Neural Regen Res 2015; 10:1088-94. [PMID: 26330831 PMCID: PMC4541239 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.160100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluid percussion-induced traumatic brain injury models have been widely used in experimental research for years. In an experiment, the stability of impaction is inevitably affected by factors such as the appearance of liquid spikes. Management of impact pressure is a crucial factor that determines the stability of these models, and direction of impact control is another basic element. To improve experimental stability, we calculated a pressure curve by generating repeated impacts using a fluid percussion device at different pendulum angles. A stereotactic frame was used to control the direction of impact. We produced stable and reproducible models, including mild, moderate, and severe traumatic brain injury, using the MODEL01-B device at pendulum angles of 6°, 11° and 13°, with corresponding impact force values of 1.0 ± 0.11 atm (101.32 ± 11.16 kPa), 2.6 ± 0.16 atm (263.44 ± 16.21 kPa), and 3.6 ± 0.16 atm (364.77 ± 16.21 kPa), respectively. Behavioral tests, hematoxylin-eosin staining, and magnetic resonance imaging revealed that models for different degrees of injury were consistent with the clinical properties of mild, moderate, and severe craniocerebral injuries. Using this method, we established fluid percussion models for different degrees of injury and stabilized pathological features based on precise power and direction control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Peng Lin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital; Tianjin Neurological Institute; Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China ; Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Rong-Cai Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital; Tianjin Neurological Institute; Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| | - Jian-Ning Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital; Tianjin Neurological Institute; Key Laboratory of Post-trauma Neurorepair and Regeneration in Central Nervous System, Ministry of Education; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Injuries, Variations and Regeneration of Nervous System, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
Kochanek PM, Jackson TC, Ferguson NM, Carlson SW, Simon DW, Brockman EC, Ji J, Bayir H, Poloyac SM, Wagner AK, Kline AE, Empey PE, Clark RS, Jackson EK, Dixon CE. Emerging therapies in traumatic brain injury. Semin Neurol 2015; 35:83-100. [PMID: 25714870 PMCID: PMC4356170 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1544237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite decades of basic and clinical research, treatments to improve outcomes after traumatic brain injury (TBI) are limited. However, based on the recent recognition of the prevalence of mild TBI, and its potential link to neurodegenerative disease, many new and exciting secondary injury mechanisms have been identified and several new therapies are being evaluated targeting both classic and novel paradigms. This includes a robust increase in both preclinical and clinical investigations. Using a mechanism-based approach the authors define the targets and emerging therapies for TBI. They address putative new therapies for TBI across both the spectrum of injury severity and the continuum of care, from the field to rehabilitation. They discussTBI therapy using 11 categories, namely, (1) excitotoxicity and neuronal death, (2) brain edema, (3) mitochondria and oxidative stress, (4) axonal injury, (5) inflammation, (6) ischemia and cerebral blood flow dysregulation, (7) cognitive enhancement, (8) augmentation of endogenous neuroprotection, (9) cellular therapies, (10) combination therapy, and (11) TBI resuscitation. The current golden age of TBI research represents a special opportunity for the development of breakthroughs in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. Kochanek
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Travis C. Jackson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Nikki Miller Ferguson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shaun W. Carlson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departmentol Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Dennis W. Simon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Erik C. Brockman
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jing Ji
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Hülya Bayir
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Samuel M. Poloyac
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Amy K. Wagner
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Anthony E. Kline
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Philip E. Empey
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert S.B. Clark
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departments of Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Edwin K. Jackson
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - C. Edward Dixon
- Safar Center for Resuscitation Research, University of Pittburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Departmentol Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nga VDW, Lim J, Choy DKS, Nyein MA, Lu J, Chou N, Yeo TT, Teoh SH. Effects of polycaprolactone-based scaffolds on the blood-brain barrier and cerebral inflammation. Tissue Eng Part A 2015; 21:647-53. [PMID: 25335965 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2013.0779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe pathoanatomical and mechanical injuries compromise patient recovery and survival following penetrating brain injury (PBI). The realization that the blood-brain barrier (BBB) plays a major role in dictating post-PBI events has led to rising interests in possible therapeutic interventions through the BBB. Recently, the choroid plexus has also been suggested as a potential therapeutic target. The use of biocompatible scaffolds for the delivery of therapeutic agents, but little is known about their interaction with cerebral tissue, which has important clinical implications. Therefore, the authors have sought to investigate the effect of polycaprolactone (PCL) and PCL/tricalcium phosphate (PCL/TCP) scaffolds on the maintenance of BBB phenotype posttraumatic brain injury. Cranial defects of 3 mm depth were created in Sprague Dawley rats, and PCL and PCL/TCP scaffolds were subsequently implanted in predetermined locations for a period of 1 week and 1 month. Higher endothelial barrier antigen (EBA) expressions from PCL-based scaffold groups (p>0.05) were found, suggesting slight advantages over the sham group (no scaffold implantation). PCL/TCP scaffold group also expressed EBA to a higher degree (p>0.05) than PCL scaffolds. Importantly, higher capillary count and area as early as 1 week postimplantation suggested lowered ischemia from the PCL/TCP scaffold group as compared with PCL and sham. Evaluation of interlukin-1β expression suggested that the PCL and PCL/TCP scaffolds did not cause prolonged inflammation. BBB transport selectivity was evaluated by the expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP-4). Attenuated expression of AQP-4 in the PCL/TCP group (p<0.05) suggested that PCL/TCP scaffolds altered BBB selectivity to a lower degree as compared with sham and PCL groups, pointing to potential clinical implications in reducing cerebral edema. Taken together, the responses of PCL-based scaffolds with brain tissue suggested safety, and encourages further preclinical evaluation in PBI management with these scaffolds.
Collapse
|
21
|
Abstract
Three theories of regeneration dominate neuroscience today, all purporting to explain why the adult central nervous system (CNS) cannot regenerate. One theory proposes that Nogo, a molecule expressed by myelin, prevents axonal growth. The second theory emphasizes the role of glial scars. The third theory proposes that chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) prevent axon growth. Blockade of Nogo, CSPG, and their receptors indeed can stop axon growth in vitro and improve functional recovery in animal spinal cord injury (SCI) models. These therapies also increase sprouting of surviving axons and plasticity. However, many investigators have reported regenerating spinal tracts without eliminating Nogo, glial scar, or CSPG. For example, many motor and sensory axons grow spontaneously in contused spinal cords, crossing gliotic tissue and white matter surrounding the injury site. Sensory axons grow long distances in injured dorsal columns after peripheral nerve lesions. Cell transplants and treatments that increase cAMP and neurotrophins stimulate motor and sensory axons to cross glial scars and to grow long distances in white matter. Genetic studies deleting all members of the Nogo family and even the Nogo receptor do not always improve regeneration in mice. A recent study reported that suppressing the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene promotes prolific corticospinal tract regeneration. These findings cannot be explained by the current theories proposing that Nogo and glial scars prevent regeneration. Spinal axons clearly can and will grow through glial scars and Nogo-expressing tissue under some circumstances. The observation that deleting PTEN allows corticospinal tract regeneration indicates that the PTEN/AKT/mTOR pathway regulates axonal growth. Finally, many other factors stimulate spinal axonal growth, including conditioning lesions, cAMP, glycogen synthetase kinase inhibition, and neurotrophins. To explain these disparate regenerative phenomena, I propose that the spinal cord has evolved regenerative mechanisms that are normally suppressed by multiple extrinsic and intrinsic factors but can be activated by injury, mediated by the PTEN/AKT/mTOR, cAMP, and GSK3b pathways, to stimulate neural growth and proliferation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wise Young
- W. M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience, Rutgers, State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
de Freitas HT, Rebel MG, Coelho BP, da Silva VG, Galaxe-Almeida GGC, Giraldi-Guimarães A. Effect of the treatment of focal brain ablation in rat with bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells on sensorimotor recovery and cytokine production. J Neurol Sci 2014; 348:166-73. [PMID: 25534359 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2014.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Revised: 11/15/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Increased efficacy of the multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for the treatment of CNS injuries has been shown when they are administrated within a collagen scaffold, an environment in three dimensions (3D), when compared to the cultivation over a plastic surface (2D). We evaluated the MSC therapeutic effect in the 2D and 3D conditions using the model of focal cortical ablation. Male Wistar rats were submitted to the ablation by aspiration. Intravenous injection (IV) of MSC cultured in 2D, and the intralesional administration (IL) of MSC cultured in 2D or 3D were tested. Administrations were made 24h after ablation. Unskilled and skilled forelimb movements were evaluated by sensorimotor tests. The level of cytokines was measured two days after ablation in the 2D IV groups. Only the MSC 3D IL promoted recovery of the skilled movements. MSC 2D IV promoted recovery of the unskilled movements in all tests, and the MSC 3D IL promoted it only in the adhesive test. MSC 2D IL was unable to promote any recovery. DAPI-stained MSC was found in the perilesional parenchyma at the third post-ablation day after 2D and 3D IL. A significant reduction in the levels of cytokines by the MSC 2D IV was observed in the plasma. Our study strengthens the evidences of the MSC as a prospective therapeutic approach for the CNS injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helder Teixeira de Freitas
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual (Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology) - Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (Center of Biosciences and Biotechnology) - Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) (State University of North Fluminense) - Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ, Brazil
| | - Mariana Gomes Rebel
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual (Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology) - Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (Center of Biosciences and Biotechnology) - Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) (State University of North Fluminense) - Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Paula Coelho
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual (Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology) - Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (Center of Biosciences and Biotechnology) - Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) (State University of North Fluminense) - Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ, Brazil
| | - Viviane Gomes da Silva
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual (Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology) - Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (Center of Biosciences and Biotechnology) - Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) (State University of North Fluminense) - Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ, Brazil
| | - Gisela Garcia Cabral Galaxe-Almeida
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual (Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology) - Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (Center of Biosciences and Biotechnology) - Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) (State University of North Fluminense) - Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ, Brazil
| | - Arthur Giraldi-Guimarães
- Laboratório de Biologia Celular e Tecidual (Laboratory of Cell and Tissue Biology) - Centro de Biociências e Biotecnologia (Center of Biosciences and Biotechnology) - Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro (UENF) (State University of North Fluminense) - Campos dos Goytacazes - RJ, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ikegame Y, Yamashita K, Nakashima S, Nomura Y, Yonezawa S, Asano Y, Shinoda J, Hara H, Iwama T. Fate of graft cells: what should be clarified for development of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for ischemic stroke? Front Cell Neurosci 2014; 8:322. [PMID: 25374506 PMCID: PMC4204523 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2014.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are believed to be promising for cell administration therapy after ischemic stroke. Because of their advantageous characteristics, such as ability of differentiation into neurovascular lineages, avoidance of immunological problems, and abundance of graft cells in mesodermal tissues, studies regarding MSC therapy have increased recently. However, several controversies are yet to be resolved before a worldwide consensus regarding a standard protocol is obtained. In particular, the neuroprotective effects, the rate of cell migration to the lesion, and differentiation direction differ depending on preclinical observations. Analyses of these differences and application of recent developments in stem cell biology or engineering in imaging modality may contribute to identification of criteria for optimal stem cell therapy in which reliable protocols, which control cell quality and include safe administration procedures, are defined for each recovery phase after cerebral ischemia. In this mini review, we examine controversies regarding the fate of grafts and the prospects for advanced therapy that could be obtained through recent developments in stem cell research as direct conversion to neural cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuka Ikegame
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chubu Medical Center for Prolonged Traumatic Brain Dysfunction Gifu, Japan ; Department of Clinical Brain Sciences, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu, Japan ; Department of Cell Signaling, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yamashita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu, Japan ; Department of Neurosurgery, Murakami Memorial Hospital, Asahi University Gifu, Japan
| | - Shigeru Nakashima
- Department of Cell Signaling, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu, Japan
| | - Yuichi Nomura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chubu Medical Center for Prolonged Traumatic Brain Dysfunction Gifu, Japan
| | - Shingo Yonezawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chubu Medical Center for Prolonged Traumatic Brain Dysfunction Gifu, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Asano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chubu Medical Center for Prolonged Traumatic Brain Dysfunction Gifu, Japan ; Department of Clinical Brain Sciences, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu, Japan
| | - Jun Shinoda
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chubu Medical Center for Prolonged Traumatic Brain Dysfunction Gifu, Japan ; Department of Clinical Brain Sciences, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hara
- Department of Biofunctional Evaluation, Molecular Pharmacology, Gifu Pharmaceutical University Gifu, Japan
| | - Toru Iwama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Shakhbazau A, Mohanty C, Kumar R, Midha R. Sensory recovery after cell therapy in peripheral nerve repair: effects of naïve and skin precursor-derived Schwann cells. J Neurosurg 2014; 121:423-31. [DOI: 10.3171/2014.5.jns132132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Object
Cell therapy is a promising candidate among biological or technological innovations sought to augment microsurgical techniques in peripheral nerve repair. This report describes long-term functional regenerative effects of cell therapy in the rat injury model with a focus on sensory recovery.
Methods
Schwann cells were derived from isogenic nerve or skin precursor cells and injected into the transected and immediately repaired sciatic nerve distal to the injury site. Sensory recovery was assessed at weeks 4, 7, and 10. Axonal regeneration was assessed at Week 11.
Results
By Week 10, thermal sensitivity in cell therapy groups returned to a level indistinguishable from the baseline (p > 0.05). Immunohistochemistry at 11 weeks after injury showed improved regeneration of NF+ and IB4+ axons.
Conclusions:
The results of this study show that cell therapy significantly improves thermal sensation and the number of regenerated sensory neurons at 11 weeks after injury. These findings contribute to the view of skin-derived stem cells as a reliable source of Schwann cells with therapeutic potential for functional recovery in damaged peripheral nerve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antos Shakhbazau
- 1Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine,
- 2Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and
| | | | - Ranjan Kumar
- 1Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine,
- 2Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and
- 3Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Rajiv Midha
- 1Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine,
- 2Hotchkiss Brain Institute, and
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Shakhbazau A, Archibald SJ, Shcharbin D, Bryszewska M, Midha R. Aligned collagen-GAG matrix as a 3D substrate for Schwann cell migration and dendrimer-based gene delivery. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2014; 25:1979-1989. [PMID: 24801062 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-014-5224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The development of artificial off-the-shelf conduits that facilitate effective nerve regeneration and recovery after repair of traumatic nerve injury gaps is of fundamental importance. Collagen-glycosaminoglycan (GAG) matrix mimicking Schwann cell (SC) basal lamina has been proposed as a suitable and biologically rational substrate for nerve regeneration. In the present study, we have focused on the permissiveness of this matrix type for SC migration and repopulation, as these events play an essential role in nerve remodeling. We have also demonstrated that SCs cultured within collagen-GAG matrix are compatible with non-viral dendrimer-based gene delivery, that may allow conditioning of matrix-embedded cells for future gene therapy applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antos Shakhbazau
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Calgary, HMRB 109-3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N4N1, Canada,
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kolar MK, Kingham PJ, Novikova LN, Wiberg M, Novikov LN. The Therapeutic Effects of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells in a Rat Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Model. Stem Cells Dev 2014; 23:1659-74. [DOI: 10.1089/scd.2013.0416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mallappa K. Kolar
- Section of Anatomy, Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Section of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Paul J. Kingham
- Section of Anatomy, Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Liudmila N. Novikova
- Section of Anatomy, Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Mikael Wiberg
- Section of Anatomy, Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Section of Hand and Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgical and Perioperative Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lev N. Novikov
- Section of Anatomy, Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Acosta SA, Tajiri N, Shinozuka K, Ishikawa H, Sanberg PR, Sanchez-Ramos J, Song S, Kaneko Y, Borlongan CV. Combination therapy of human umbilical cord blood cells and granulocyte colony stimulating factor reduces histopathological and motor impairments in an experimental model of chronic traumatic brain injury. PLoS One 2014; 9:e90953. [PMID: 24621603 PMCID: PMC3951247 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0090953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with neuro-inflammation, debilitating sensory-motor deficits, and learning and memory impairments. Cell-based therapies are currently being investigated in treating neurotrauma due to their ability to secrete neurotrophic factors and anti-inflammatory cytokines that can regulate the hostile milieu associated with chronic neuroinflammation found in TBI. In tandem, the stimulation and mobilization of endogenous stem/progenitor cells from the bone marrow through granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) poses as an attractive therapeutic intervention for chronic TBI. Here, we tested the potential of a combined therapy of human umbilical cord blood cells (hUCB) and G-CSF at the acute stage of TBI to counteract the progressive secondary effects of chronic TBI using the controlled cortical impact model. Four different groups of adult Sprague Dawley rats were treated with saline alone, G-CSF+saline, hUCB+saline or hUCB+G-CSF, 7-days post CCI moderate TBI. Eight weeks after TBI, brains were harvested to analyze hippocampal cell loss, neuroinflammatory response, and neurogenesis by using immunohistochemical techniques. Results revealed that the rats exposed to TBI treated with saline exhibited widespread neuroinflammation, impaired endogenous neurogenesis in DG and SVZ, and severe hippocampal cell loss. hUCB monotherapy suppressed neuroinflammation, nearly normalized the neurogenesis, and reduced hippocampal cell loss compared to saline alone. G-CSF monotherapy produced partial and short-lived benefits characterized by low levels of neuroinflammation in striatum, DG, SVZ, and corpus callosum and fornix, a modest neurogenesis, and a moderate reduction of hippocampal cells loss. On the other hand, combined therapy of hUCB+G-CSF displayed synergistic effects that robustly dampened neuroinflammation, while enhancing endogenous neurogenesis and reducing hippocampal cell loss. Vigorous and long-lasting recovery of motor function accompanied the combined therapy, which was either moderately or short-lived in the monotherapy conditions. These results suggest that combined treatment rather than monotherapy appears optimal for abrogating histophalogical and motor impairments in chronic TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra A. Acosta
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Naoki Tajiri
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Kazutaka Shinozuka
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Hiroto Ishikawa
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Paul R. Sanberg
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- Office of Research and Innovation, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Juan Sanchez-Ramos
- James Haley Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Shijie Song
- James Haley Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Yuji Kaneko
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Cesar V. Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Mahmood A, Wu H, Qu C, Mahmood S, Xiong Y, Kaplan DL, Chopp M. Suppression of neurocan and enhancement of axonal density in rats after treatment of traumatic brain injury with scaffolds impregnated with bone marrow stromal cells. J Neurosurg 2014; 120:1147-55. [PMID: 24460490 DOI: 10.3171/2013.12.jns131362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Neurocan is a major form of growth-inhibitory molecule (growth-IM) that suppresses axonal regeneration after neural injury. Bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to inhibit neurocan expression in vitro and in animal models of cerebral ischemia. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the effects of treatment of MSCs impregnated with collagen scaffolds on neurocan expression after traumatic brain injury (TBI). METHODS Adult male Wistar rats were injured with controlled cortical impact and treated with saline, human MSCs (hMSCs) (3 × 10(6)) alone, or hMSCs (3 × 10(6)) impregnated into collagen scaffolds (scaffold + hMSCs) transplanted into the lesion cavity 7 days after TBI (20 rats per group). Rats were sacrificed 14 days after TBI, and brain tissues were harvested for immunohistochemical studies, Western blot analyses, laser capture microdissections, and quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to evaluate neurocan protein and gene expressions after various treatments. RESULTS Animals treated with scaffold + hMSCs after TBI showed increased axonal and synaptic densities compared with the other groups. Scaffold + hMSC treatment was associated with reduced TBI-induced neurocan protein expression and upregulated growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) and synaptophysin expression in the lesion boundary zone. In addition, animals in the scaffold + hMSC group had decreased neurocan transcription in reactive astrocytes after TBI. Reduction of neurocan expression was significantly greater in the scaffold + hMSC group than in the group treated with hMSCs alone. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study show that transplanting hMSCs with scaffolds enhances the effect of hMSCs on axonal plasticity in TBI rats. This enhanced axonal plasticity may partially be attributed to the downregulation of neurocan expression by hMSC treatment after injury.
Collapse
|
29
|
Leal MMT, Costa-Ferro ZSM, Souza BSDF, Azevedo CM, Carvalho TM, Kaneto CM, Carvalho RH, Dos Santos RR, Soares MBP. Early transplantation of bone marrow mononuclear cells promotes neuroprotection and modulation of inflammation after status epilepticus in mice by paracrine mechanisms. Neurochem Res 2013; 39:259-68. [PMID: 24343530 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-013-1217-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Status epilepticus (SE) is a severe clinical manifestation of epilepsy associated with intense neuronal loss and inflammation, two key factors involved in the pathophysiology of temporal lobe epilepsy. Bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) attenuated the consequences of pilocarpine-induced SE, including neuronal loss, in addition to frequency and duration of seizures. Here we investigated the effects of BMMC transplanted early after the onset of SE in mice, as well as the involvement of soluble factors produced by BMMC in the effects of the cell therapy. Mice were injected with pilocarpine for SE induction and randomized into three groups: transplanted intravenously with 1 × 10(7) BMMC isolated from GFP transgenic mice, injected with BMMC lysate, and saline-treated controls. Cell tracking, neuronal counting in hippocampal subfields and cytokine analysis in the serum and brain were performed. BMMC were found in the brain 4 h following transplantation and their numbers progressively decreased until 24 h following transplantation. A reduction in hippocampal neuronal loss after SE was found in mice treated with live BMMC and BMMC lysate when compared to saline-treated, SE-induced mice. Moreover, the expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6 was decreased after injection of live BMMC and to a lesser extent, of BMMC lysate, when compared to SE-induced controls. In contrast, IL-10 expression was increased. Analysis of markers for microglia activation demonstrated a reduction of the expression of genes related to type 1-activation. BMMC transplantation promotes neuroprotection and mediates anti-inflammatory effects following SE in mice, possibly through the secretion of soluble factors.
Collapse
|
30
|
Mahmood A, Wu H, Qu C, Mahmood S, Xiong Y, Kaplan D, Chopp M. Down-regulation of Nogo-A by collagen scaffolds impregnated with bone marrow stromal cell treatment after traumatic brain injury promotes axonal regeneration in rats. Brain Res 2013; 1542:41-8. [PMID: 24177046 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/23/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Nogo-A is a major form of growth inhibitory molecule (growth-IM) which inhibits axonal regeneration and neurite regrowth after neural injury. Bone marrow stromal cells (MSCs) have been shown to inhibit Nogo-A expression in vitro and in cerebral ischemic animal models. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of treatment with human MSCs (hMSCs) impregnated into collagen scaffolds on the expression of Nogo-A and axonal plasticity after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Adult male Wistar rats were injured with controlled cortical impact and treated either with saline, hMSCs-alone or hMSCs impregnated into collagen scaffolds (scaffold+hMSC) transplanted into the lesion cavity 7 days after TBI. Rats were sacrificed 14 days after TBI and brain tissues were harvested for immunohistochemical studies, Western blot analysis, laser capture microdissections and qRT-PCR to evaluate axonal density and Nogo-A protein and gene expressions. Our data showed that treatment of TBI with scaffold+hMSC significantly decreased TBI-induced Nogo-A protein expression and increased axonal density compared to saline and hMSC-alone treatments. In addition, scaffold+hMSC transplantation decreased Nogo-A transcription in oligodendrocytes after TBI. Scaffold+hMSC treatment was superior to hMSC-alone treatment in suppressing Nogo-A expression and enhancing axonal regeneration after TBI. Our data suggest that transplanting hMSCs with scaffolds down-regulates Nogo-A transcription and protein expression which may partially contribute to the enhanced axonal regeneration after TBI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asim Mahmood
- Department of Neurosurgery, 2799W Grand Blvd, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Hongtao Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, 2799W Grand Blvd, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Changsheng Qu
- Department of Neurosurgery, 2799W Grand Blvd, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Selina Mahmood
- Department of Neurosurgery, 2799W Grand Blvd, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - Ye Xiong
- Department of Neurosurgery, 2799W Grand Blvd, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA.
| | - David Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology Center, Room 251, Tufts University, Boston, MA 02155, USA.
| | - Michael Chopp
- Department of Neurology, 2799W Grand Blvd, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA; Department of Physics, Oakland University, 2200 North Squirrel Road, Rochester, MI 48309-4401, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Gutiérrez-Fernández M, Rodríguez-Frutos B, Ramos-Cejudo J, Otero-Ortega L, Fuentes B, Díez-Tejedor E. Stem cells for brain repair and recovery after stroke. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2013; 13:1479-83. [PMID: 23915288 DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2013.824420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Stroke is a major worldwide cause of death and disability. Currently, intravenous thrombolysis and reperfusion therapies, but not the so-called neuroprotectant drugs, have been shown to be effective for acute ischemic stroke. Thus, new strategies to promote brain plasticity are necessary. Stem cell administration is an attractive future therapeutic approach. AREAS COVERED Brain protection and repair mechanisms are activated after stroke. This article is focused on the capacity of stem cell-based therapy to enhance this postinfarct brain plasticity and recovery. Future therapeutic considerations and prospects for stroke are discussed. EXPERT OPINION Although cell therapy is promising in stroke treatment, mechanisms of action need to be characterized in detail. Further, the different mechanisms of axonal plasticity and remodeling involucrated in brain repair, not only in the gray but also in white matter, must be investigated through noninvasive techniques, and a multidisciplinary approach is fundamental in this.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Gutiérrez-Fernández
- Autonoma University of Madrid, Neuroscience Area of IdiPAZ (Health Research Institute), La Paz University Hospital, Department of Neurology and Stroke Centre, Neuroscience and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory , Madrid , Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|