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Sourty B, Basset L, Michalak S, Colin E, Zidane-Marinnes M, Delion M, de Carli E, Rousseau A. [Tyrosine kinase receptor gene fusion: A series of four cases of infantile-type hemispheric glioma]. Ann Pathol 2023; 43:462-474. [PMID: 37635016 DOI: 10.1016/j.annpat.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infant-type hemispheric gliomas belong to pediatric-type diffuse high-grade gliomas according to the 2021 WHO classification of central nervous system tumors. They are characterized by tyrosine kinase gene rearrangements (NTRK1/2/3, ALK, ROS1, MET). The aim of the study was to describe the clinical, histopathologic, and molecular characteristics of such tumors, and to provide a review of the literature. PATIENTS AND METHODS This retrospective series comprises four cases of infant-type hemispheric glioma diagnosed at Angers University Hospital between 2020 and 2022. The diagnosis was suspected based on morphology and immunohistochemistry and was confirmed by molecular biology techniques. RESULTS The most common clinical sign was raised intracranial pressure. Imaging showed a large cerebral hemispheric tumor with contrast enhancement. Microscopic examination revealed diffuse astrocytoma with high-grade features, sometimes with neuronal or pseudo-ependymal differentiation. Identification of a gene fusion involving a tyrosine kinase gene allowed to make a definitive diagnosis of infant-type hemispheric glioma. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Infant-type hemispheric gliomas are rare and present as large cerebral hemispheric tumors in very young children. Searching for a tyrosine kinase gene fusion should be systematic when dealing with a high-grade glioma in an infant. Importantly, these gene fusions are therapeutic targets. The impact of targeted therapies on patient survival should be evaluated in future prospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Sourty
- Département de pathologie, CHU d'Angers, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex 9, France.
| | - Laëtitia Basset
- Département de pathologie, CHU d'Angers, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex 9, France; Univ Angers, Nantes Université, Inserm, CNRS, CRCI2NA, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France
| | - Sophie Michalak
- Département de pathologie, CHU d'Angers, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex 9, France
| | - Estelle Colin
- Service de génétique médicale, CHU d'Angers, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex 9, France
| | | | - Matthieu Delion
- Service de neurochirurgie, CHU d'Angers, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex 9, France
| | - Emilie de Carli
- Unité hémato-onco-immunologie pédiatrique, CHU d'Angers, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex 9, France
| | - Audrey Rousseau
- Département de pathologie, CHU d'Angers, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers cedex 9, France; Univ Angers, Nantes Université, Inserm, CNRS, CRCI2NA, SFR ICAT, 49000 Angers, France
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2
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Meredith DM, Cooley LD, Dubuc A, Morrissette J, Sussman RT, Nasrallah MP, Rathbun P, Yap KL, Wadhwani N, Bao L, Wolff DJ, Ida C, Sukhanova M, Horbinski C, Jennings LJ, Farooqi M, Gener M, Ginn K, Kam KL, Sasaki K, Kanagal-Shamanna R, Alexandrescu S, Brat D, Lu X. ROS1 Alterations as a Potential Driver of Gliomas in Infant, Pediatric, and Adult Patients. Mod Pathol 2023; 36:100294. [PMID: 37532182 DOI: 10.1016/j.modpat.2023.100294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Gliomas harboring oncogenic ROS1 alterations are uncommon and primarily described in infants. Our goal was to characterize the clinicopathological features and molecular signatures of the full spectrum of ROS1 fusion-positive gliomas across all age groups. Through a retrospective multi-institutional collaboration, we report a collection of unpublished ROS1 fusion gliomas along with the characterization and meta-analysis of new and published cases. A cohort of 32 new and 58 published cases was divided into the following 3 age groups: 19 infants, 40 pediatric patients, and 31 adults with gliomas. Tumors in infants and adults showed uniformly high-grade morphology; however, tumors in pediatric patients exhibited diverse histologic features. The GOPC::ROS1 fusion was prevalent (61/79, 77%) across all age groups, and 10 other partner genes were identified. Adult tumors showed recurrent genomic alterations characteristic of IDH wild-type glioblastoma, including the +7/-10/CDKN2A deletion; amplification of CDK4, MDM2, and PDGFRA genes; and mutations involving TERTp, TP53, PIK3R1, PIK3CA, PTEN, and NF1 genes. Infant tumors showed few genomic alterations, whereas pediatric tumors showed moderate genomic complexity. The outcomes were significantly poorer in adult patients. Although not statistically significant, tumors in infant and pediatric patients with high-grade histology and in hemispheric locations appeared more aggressive than tumors with lower grade histology or those in nonhemispheric locations. In conclusion, this study is the largest to date to characterize the clinicopathological and molecular signatures of ROS1 fusion-positive gliomas from infant, pediatric, and adult patients. We conclude that ROS1 likely acts as a driver in infant and pediatric gliomas and as a driver or codriver in adult gliomas. Integrated comprehensive clinical testing might be helpful in identifying such patients for possible targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Meredith
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Linda D Cooley
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Adrian Dubuc
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jennifer Morrissette
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Precision and Computational Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Robyn T Sussman
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Precision and Computational Diagnostics, Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - MacLean P Nasrallah
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Division of Neuropathology, Department of Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Pamela Rathbun
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kai Lee Yap
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Nitin Wadhwani
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Liming Bao
- Department of Pathology School of Medicine, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado
| | - Daynna J Wolff
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina
| | - Cristiane Ida
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mayo clinic, Scottsdale, Arizona
| | - Madina Sukhanova
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Lurie Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Craig Horbinski
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Lurie Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Lawrence J Jennings
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Lurie Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Midhat Farooqi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Melissa Gener
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Mercy Kansas City, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Kevin Ginn
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/Blood and Marrow Transplant, Children's Mercy Kansas City & School of Medicine, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Kwok Ling Kam
- Department of Pathology, Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, Michigan
| | - Koji Sasaki
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna
- Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sanda Alexandrescu
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Daniel Brat
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Lurie Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Xinyan Lu
- Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Lurie Cancer Center, Chicago, Illinois.
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3
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Roosen M, Odé Z, Bunt J, Kool M. The oncogenic fusion landscape in pediatric CNS neoplasms. Acta Neuropathol 2022; 143:427-451. [PMID: 35169893 PMCID: PMC8960661 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-022-02405-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pediatric neoplasms in the central nervous system (CNS) are the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in children. Recent developments in molecular analyses have greatly contributed to a more accurate diagnosis and risk stratification of CNS tumors. Additionally, sequencing studies have identified various, often entity specific, tumor-driving events. In contrast to adult tumors, which often harbor multiple mutated oncogenic drivers, the number of mutated genes in pediatric cancers is much lower and many tumors can have a single oncogenic driver. Moreover, in children, much more than in adults, fusion proteins play an important role in driving tumorigenesis, and many different fusions have been identified as potential driver events in pediatric CNS neoplasms. However, a comprehensive overview of all the different reported oncogenic fusion proteins in pediatric CNS neoplasms is still lacking. A better understanding of the fusion proteins detected in these tumors and of the molecular mechanisms how these proteins drive tumorigenesis, could improve diagnosis and further benefit translational research into targeted therapies necessary to treat these distinct entities. In this review, we discuss the different oncogenic fusions reported in pediatric CNS neoplasms and their structure to create an overview of the variety of oncogenic fusion proteins to date, the tumor entities they occur in and their proposed mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mieke Roosen
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Zelda Odé
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jens Bunt
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marcel Kool
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center (KiTZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center DKFZ and German Cancer Consortium DKTK, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
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4
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You G, Fan X, Hu H, Jiang T, Chen CC. Fusion Genes Altered in Adult Malignant Gliomas. Front Neurol 2021; 12:715206. [PMID: 34671307 PMCID: PMC8520976 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.715206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Malignant gliomas are highly heterogeneous brain tumors in molecular genetic background. Despite the many recent advances in the understanding of this disease, patients with adult high-grade gliomas retain a notoriously poor prognosis. Fusions involving oncogenes have been reported in gliomas and may serve as novel therapeutic targets to date. Understanding the gene fusions and how they regulate oncogenesis and malignant progression will contribute to explore new approaches for personalized treatment. By now, studies on gene fusions in gliomas remain limited. However, some current clinical trials targeting fusion genes have presented exciting preliminary findings. The aim of this review is to summarize all the reported fusion genes in high-grade gliomas so far, discuss the characterization of some of the most popular gene fusions occurring in malignant gliomas, as well as their function in tumorigenesis, and the underlying clinical implication as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan You
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Neurophysiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Xing Fan
- Department of Neurophysiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Hu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Molecular Pathology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Clark C Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
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5
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Tao Z, Liu J, Li T, Xu H, Chen K, Zhang J, Zhou H, Sun J, Han J, Guo Z, Yang H, Cao WM, Hu X. Profiling Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Fusions in Chinese Breast Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:741142. [PMID: 34650924 PMCID: PMC8506003 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.741142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are a class of tyrosine kinases that regulate cell-to-cell communication and control a variety of complex biological functions. Dysregulation of RTK signaling partly due to chromosomal rearrangements leads to novel tyrosine kinase fusion oncoproteins that are possibly driver alterations to cancers. Targeting some RTK fusions with specific tyrosine kinases inhibitors (TKIs) is an effective therapeutic strategy across a spectrum of RTK fusion-related cancers. However, there is still a paucity of extensive RTK fusion investigations in breast cancer. This study aims to characterize RTK fusions in Chinese breast cancer patients. Methods An in-house DNA sequencing database of 1440 Chinese breast cancer patients with a capture-based panel (520 gene or 108 gene-panel) was thoroughly reviewed. A total of 2,229 samples including 1,045 tissues and 1,184 plasmas were analyzed. RTK fusion was defined as an in-frame fusion with the tyrosine kinase domain of the RTK completely retained. Concomitant mutations were also analyzed and tumor mutational burden (TMB) was calculated. Patients' clinical characteristics were retrieved from case records. Results A total of 30 RTK fusion events were identified from 27 breast cancer patients with a prevalence of 1.875%%. FGFR2 fusions were seen the most commonly (n=7), followed by RET (n=5), ROS1 (n=3), NTRK3 (n=3), BRAF (n=2), and NTRK1 (n=2). Other RTK fusions including ALK, EGFR, FGFR1, FGFR3, MET, and NTRK2 were identified in one patient each. A total of 27 unique resultant fusion proteins (22 with a novel partner) were discovered including 19 intrachromosomal rearrangements and 8 interchromosomal ones. Twenty-one fusions had the tyrosine kinase domain in-frame fused with a partner gene and six were juxtaposed with an intergenic space. Among the 27 fusions, FGFR2-WDR11 (E17: intergenic) (n=3) and ETV6-NTRK3 (E5:E15) (n=2) occurred recurrently. Of note, the normalized abundance of RTK fusion (fusion AF/max AF) correlated negatively with TMB (r=-0.48, P=0.017). Patients with TMB < 8 (Mutations/Mb) displayed a higher fusion abundance than those with TMB ≥ 8 (Mutations/Mb) (P=0.025). Moreover, CREBBP mutation only co-occurred with FGFR2 fusion (P=0.012), while NTRK3 fusion and TP53 mutation were mutually exclusive (P=0.019). Conclusion This is the first study comprehensively delineating the prevalence and spectrum of RTK fusions in Chinese breast cancers. Further study is ongoing to identify the enriched subpopulation who may benefit from RTK fusion inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghua Tao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianxia Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Xu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hao Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jinming Han
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhaoji Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Wen-Ming Cao
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital), Hangzhou, China
| | - Xichun Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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6
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Peeters SM, Muftuoglu Y, Na B, Daniels DJ, Wang AC. Pediatric Gliomas: Molecular Landscape and Emerging Targets. Neurosurg Clin N Am 2021; 32:181-190. [PMID: 33781501 DOI: 10.1016/j.nec.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing of pediatric gliomas has revealed the importance of molecular genetic characterization in understanding the biology underlying these tumors and a breadth of potential therapeutic targets. Promising targeted therapies include mTOR inhibitors for subependymal giant cell astrocytomas in tuberous sclerosis, BRAF and MEK inhibitors mainly for low-grade gliomas, and MEK inhibitors for NF1-deficient BRAF:KIAA fusion tumors. Challenges in developing targeted molecular therapies include significant intratumoral and intertumoral heterogeneity, highly varied mechanisms of treatment resistance and immune escape, adequacy of tumor penetrance, and sensitivity of brain to treatment-related toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie M Peeters
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, 300 Stein Plaza, Suite #520, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Yagmur Muftuoglu
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, 300 Stein Plaza, Suite #520, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Brian Na
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of California Los Angeles, 200 UCLA Medical Plaza, Suite 265, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - David J Daniels
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Anthony C Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of California Los Angeles, 300 Stein Plaza, Suite #520, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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Abstract
Congenital glioblastoma (GBM) is a rare brain tumor of infancy. While histologically they resemble pediatric and adult GBM, growing evidence suggests a distinct molecular profile. We report the case of a 7-day-old infant female with congenital GBM found to harbor a GOPC-ROS1 fusion. She underwent surgical resection, moderate-intensity chemotherapy without radiation, and remains disease-free 4 years from completion of therapy. While the frequency of this mutation is not known, the identification of this oncogenic driver may provide insight into the pathogenesis of GBM in this age group and may serve as a molecular target for select patients.
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8
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Dong D, Shen G, Da Y, Zhou M, Yang G, Yuan M, Chen R. Successful Treatment of Patients with Refractory High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer with GOPC-ROS1 Fusion Using Crizotinib: A Case Report. Oncologist 2020; 25:e1720-e1724. [PMID: 32652753 DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2019-0609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, multiple poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors have demonstrated excellent efficacy among patients with ovarian cancer with or without BRCA mutations. However, alternative therapeutic options are urgently required for patients who cannot benefit from conventional chemotherapy or PARP inhibitors. CASE PRESENTATION A patient with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma presented to our clinic after developing resistance to chemotherapy. Paired tumor-normal next-generation sequencing (NGS) was performed using peripheral blood to identify potential actionable mutations. NGS revealed the patient harboring a GOPC-ROS1 fusion, which was subsequently verified using a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assay. No germline or somatic mutation in BRCA1/2 or mismatch repair genes was detected. Therefore, the patient received crizotinib treatment. A rapid, favorable clinical response (partial response at 1 month) was observed, with further pathological response monitored and evaluated in follow-up interrogation. CONCLUSION This study suggested that crizotinib was an off-the-shelf, practical, and ostensibly effective treatment option for patients with ovarian cancer with ROS1 rearrangement. NGS-based genetic testing may guide to plan therapeutic paradigms, and render precision medicine promising in ovarian cancer treatment. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Despite the previous report of ROS1 fusion in patients with ovarian cancer, it remains unknown whether patients can benefit from targeted therapeutic drugs. This study reports a GOPC-ROS1 fusion identified by next-generation sequencing in a patient with chemotherapy-resistant ovarian cancer. The patient was administered crizotinib and showed rapid, remarkable response. This study suggests that comprehensive sequencing should be offered for patients with ovarian cancer without effective therapeutic strategies, and crizotinib can be used to treat ROS1-rearranged ovarian carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Dong
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hui 'an Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Fengtai Youanmen Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ge Shen
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hui 'an Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Fengtai Youanmen Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Da
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hui 'an Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Fengtai Youanmen Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hui 'an Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Fengtai Youanmen Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Yang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Hui 'an Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Fengtai Youanmen Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingming Yuan
- Geneplus-Beijing Ltd., Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongrong Chen
- Geneplus-Beijing Ltd., Beijing, People's Republic of China
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9
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Clarke M, Mackay A, Ismer B, Pickles JC, Tatevossian RG, Newman S, Bale TA, Stoler I, Izquierdo E, Temelso S, Carvalho DM, Molinari V, Burford A, Howell L, Virasami A, Fairchild AR, Avery A, Chalker J, Kristiansen M, Haupfear K, Dalton JD, Orisme W, Wen J, Hubank M, Kurian KM, Rowe C, Maybury M, Crosier S, Knipstein J, Schüller U, Kordes U, Kram DE, Snuderl M, Bridges L, Martin AJ, Doey LJ, Al-Sarraj S, Chandler C, Zebian B, Cairns C, Natrajan R, Boult JKR, Robinson SP, Sill M, Dunkel IJ, Gilheeney SW, Rosenblum MK, Hughes D, Proszek PZ, Macdonald TJ, Preusser M, Haberler C, Slavc I, Packer R, Ng HK, Caspi S, Popović M, Faganel Kotnik B, Wood MD, Baird L, Davare MA, Solomon DA, Olsen TK, Brandal P, Farrell M, Cryan JB, Capra M, Karremann M, Schittenhelm J, Schuhmann MU, Ebinger M, Dinjens WNM, Kerl K, Hettmer S, Pietsch T, Andreiuolo F, Driever PH, Korshunov A, Hiddingh L, Worst BC, Sturm D, Zuckermann M, Witt O, Bloom T, Mitchell C, Miele E, Colafati GS, Diomedi-Camassei F, Bailey S, Moore AS, Hassall TEG, Lowis SP, Tsoli M, Cowley MJ, Ziegler DS, Karajannis MA, Aquilina K, Hargrave DR, Carceller F, Marshall LV, von Deimling A, Kramm CM, Pfister SM, Sahm F, Baker SJ, Mastronuzzi A, Carai A, Vinci M, Capper D, Popov S, Ellison DW, Jacques TS, Jones DTW, Jones C. Infant High-Grade Gliomas Comprise Multiple Subgroups Characterized by Novel Targetable Gene Fusions and Favorable Outcomes. Cancer Discov 2020; 10:942-963. [PMID: 32238360 PMCID: PMC8313225 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-19-1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Infant high-grade gliomas appear clinically distinct from their counterparts in older children, indicating that histopathologic grading may not accurately reflect the biology of these tumors. We have collected 241 cases under 4 years of age, and carried out histologic review, methylation profiling, and custom panel, genome, or exome sequencing. After excluding tumors representing other established entities or subgroups, we identified 130 cases to be part of an "intrinsic" spectrum of disease specific to the infant population. These included those with targetable MAPK alterations, and a large proportion of remaining cases harboring gene fusions targeting ALK (n = 31), NTRK1/2/3 (n = 21), ROS1 (n = 9), and MET (n = 4) as their driving alterations, with evidence of efficacy of targeted agents in the clinic. These data strongly support the concept that infant gliomas require a change in diagnostic practice and management. SIGNIFICANCE: Infant high-grade gliomas in the cerebral hemispheres comprise novel subgroups, with a prevalence of ALK, NTRK1/2/3, ROS1, or MET gene fusions. Kinase fusion-positive tumors have better outcome and respond to targeted therapy clinically. Other subgroups have poor outcome, with fusion-negative cases possibly representing an epigenetically driven pluripotent stem cell phenotype.See related commentary by Szulzewsky and Cimino, p. 904.This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 890.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Clarke
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alan Mackay
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Britta Ismer
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jessica C Pickles
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth G Tatevossian
- Department of Neuropathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Scott Newman
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Tejus A Bale
- Department of Neuropathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Iris Stoler
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Neuropathology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Elisa Izquierdo
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sara Temelso
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Diana M Carvalho
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Valeria Molinari
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Burford
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Louise Howell
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alex Virasami
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amy R Fairchild
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aimee Avery
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Chalker
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Kristiansen
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kelly Haupfear
- Department of Neuropathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - James D Dalton
- Department of Neuropathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Wilda Orisme
- Department of Neuropathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Ji Wen
- Department of Neuropathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Michael Hubank
- Molecular Diagnostics, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Kathreena M Kurian
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Catherine Rowe
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Mellissa Maybury
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia
- Oncology Service, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Stephen Crosier
- Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Jeffrey Knipstein
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology/BMT, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Ulrich Schüller
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, and Research Institute Children's Cancer Center, Hamburg, Germany
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Uwe Kordes
- Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - David E Kram
- Section of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
| | - Matija Snuderl
- Department of Neuropathology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Leslie Bridges
- Department of Neuropathology, St George's Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Martin
- Department of Neurosurgery, St George's Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lawrence J Doey
- Department of Clinical Neuropathology, Kings College Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Safa Al-Sarraj
- Department of Clinical Neuropathology, Kings College Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher Chandler
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kings College Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bassel Zebian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kings College Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Cairns
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kings College Hospital NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael Natrajan
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica K R Boult
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Simon P Robinson
- Division of Radiotherapy and Imaging, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Sill
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ira J Dunkel
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Stephen W Gilheeney
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Marc K Rosenblum
- Department of Neuropathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Debbie Hughes
- Molecular Diagnostics, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Paula Z Proszek
- Molecular Diagnostics, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Tobey J Macdonald
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Matthias Preusser
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christine Haberler
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Irene Slavc
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roger Packer
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavioural Medicine, Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC
| | - Ho-Keung Ng
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Shani Caspi
- Cancer Research Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mara Popović
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Barbara Faganel Kotnik
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Children's Hospital, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matthew D Wood
- Department of Pathology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Lissa Baird
- Department of Neurosurgery, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Monika Ashok Davare
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - David A Solomon
- Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, California
- Clinical Cancer Genomics Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Thale Kristin Olsen
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Brandal
- Department of Oncology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael Farrell
- Department of Histopathology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jane B Cryan
- Department of Histopathology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Capra
- Paediatric Oncology, Our Lady's Children's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Michael Karremann
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jens Schittenhelm
- Institute of Pathology and Neuropathology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Martin Ebinger
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - Winand N M Dinjens
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Kornelius Kerl
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Muenster, Germany
| | - Simone Hettmer
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Freiburg, Germany
| | - Torsten Pietsch
- Institute of Neuropathology, DGNN Brain Tumor Reference Center, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Felipe Andreiuolo
- Institute of Neuropathology, DGNN Brain Tumor Reference Center, University of Bonn Medical Center, Bonn, Germany
| | - Pablo Hernáiz Driever
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrey Korshunov
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Lotte Hiddingh
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Barbara C Worst
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dominik Sturm
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Zuckermann
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olaf Witt
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tabitha Bloom
- BRAIN UK, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Mitchell
- BRAIN UK, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Evelina Miele
- Department of Onco-haematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanna Stefania Colafati
- Oncological Neuroradiology Unit, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Simon Bailey
- Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew S Moore
- The University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia
- Oncology Service, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Australia
| | - Timothy E G Hassall
- Oncology Service, Queensland Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Stephen P Lowis
- Brain Tumour Research Centre, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Tsoli
- Children's Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Mark J Cowley
- Children's Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - David S Ziegler
- Children's Cancer Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Matthias A Karajannis
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Kristian Aquilina
- Department of Neurosurgery, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Darren R Hargrave
- Department of Paediatric Oncology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fernando Carceller
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Children & Young People's Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Lynley V Marshall
- Division of Clinical Studies, The Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Children & Young People's Unit, Royal Marsden Hospital NHS Trust, Sutton, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas von Deimling
- Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christof M Kramm
- Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Centre Göttingen, Germany
| | - Stefan M Pfister
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology, Immunology and Pulmonology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Felix Sahm
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuropathology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Suzanne J Baker
- Department of Neurobiology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Angela Mastronuzzi
- Neuro-oncology Unit, Department of Onco-haematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Carai
- Oncological Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Vinci
- Department of Onco-haematology, Cell and Gene Therapy, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - David Capper
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Department of Neuropathology, Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sergey Popov
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Pathology, University of Wales Hospital NHS Trust, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - David W Ellison
- Department of Neuropathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee.
| | - Thomas S Jacques
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom.
| | - David T W Jones
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chris Jones
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Institute of Cancer Research, London, United Kingdom.
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10
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Richardson TE, Tang K, Vasudevaraja V, Serrano J, William CM, Mirchia K, Pierson CR, Leonard JR, AbdelBaki MS, Schieffer KM, Cottrell CE, Tovar-Spinoza Z, Comito MA, Boué DR, Jour G, Snuderl M. GOPC-ROS1 Fusion Due to Microdeletion at 6q22 Is an Oncogenic Driver in a Subset of Pediatric Gliomas and Glioneuronal Tumors. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020; 78:1089-1099. [PMID: 31626289 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlz093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
ROS1 is a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase proto-oncogene that has been shown to have rearrangements with several genes in glioblastoma and other neoplasms, including intrachromosomal fusion with GOPC due to microdeletions at 6q22.1. ROS1 fusion events are important findings in these tumors, as they are potentially targetable alterations with newer tyrosine kinase inhibitors; however, whether these tumors represent a distinct entity remains unknown. In this report, we identify 3 cases of unusual pediatric glioma with GOPC-ROS1 fusion. We reviewed the clinical history, radiologic and histologic features, performed methylation analysis, whole genome copy number profiling, and next generation sequencing analysis for the detection of oncogenic mutation and fusion events to fully characterize the genetic and epigenetic alterations present in these tumors. Two of 3 tumors showed pilocytic features with focal expression of synaptophysin staining and variable high-grade histologic features; the third tumor aligned best with glioblastoma and showed no evidence of neuronal differentiation. Copy number profiling revealed chromosome 6q22 microdeletions corresponding to the GOPC-ROS1 fusion in all 3 cases and methylation profiling showed that the tumors did not cluster together as a single entity or within known methylation classes by t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timothy E Richardson
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | | | | | - Jonathan Serrano
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University
| | | | - Kanish Mirchia
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University
| | | | | | - Mohamed S AbdelBaki
- Department of Pediatrics (MAC), State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Kathleen M Schieffer
- Waters Center for Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders, State University of New York, Upstate Cancer Center, Syracuse, New York
| | - Catherine E Cottrell
- Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | | | - Melanie A Comito
- Department of Pathology, New York University Langone Health, New York, New York
| | - Daniel R Boué
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University
| | - George Jour
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital
| | - Matija Snuderl
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University
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11
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Roles for receptor tyrosine kinases in tumor progression and implications for cancer treatment. Adv Cancer Res 2020; 147:1-57. [PMID: 32593398 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Growth factors and their receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), a group of transmembrane molecules harboring cytoplasm-facing tyrosine-specific kinase functions, play essential roles in migration of multipotent cell populations and rapid proliferation of stem cells' descendants, transit amplifying cells, during embryogenesis and tissue repair. These intrinsic functions are aberrantly harnessed when cancer cells undergo intertwined phases of cell migration and proliferation during cancer progression. For example, by means of clonal expansion growth factors fixate the rarely occurring driver mutations, which initiate tumors. Likewise, autocrine and stromal growth factors propel angiogenesis and penetration into the newly sprouted vessels, which enable seeding micro-metastases at distant organs. We review genetic and other mechanisms that preempt ligand-mediated activation of RTKs, thereby supporting sustained cancer progression. The widespread occurrence of aberrant RTKs and downstream signaling pathways in cancer, identifies molecular targets suitable for pharmacological intervention. We list all clinically approved cancer drugs that specifically intercept oncogenic RTKs. These are mainly tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies, which can inhibit cancer but inevitably become progressively less effective due to adaptive rewiring processes or emergence of new mutations, processes we overview. Similarly important are patient treatments making use of radiation, chemotherapeutic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors. The many interfaces linking RTK-targeted therapies and these systemic or local regimens are described in details because of the great promise offered by combining pharmacological modalities.
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12
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Dubuc AM. From Banding to BAM Files: Genomics Informs Diagnosis and Precision Medicine for Brain Tumors. Surg Pathol Clin 2020; 13:343-347. [PMID: 32389271 DOI: 10.1016/j.path.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) have been historically classified according to their morphologic and immunohistochemical features. In 2016, updates to the classification of tumors of the CNS by the World Health Organization revolutionized this paradigm. For the first time, genomic findings, whether whole-arm chromosomal aberrations or single nucleotide variants, represent a necessary and critical component of diagnosis, contributing or superseding histologic findings. These updates stem from decades of technical innovation and genomic discovery. During this time, there has been a dramatic expansion and evolution in clinical genomic assays for these tumors, informing diagnosis and guiding therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian M Dubuc
- Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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13
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Ryall S, Zapotocky M, Fukuoka K, Nobre L, Guerreiro Stucklin A, Bennett J, Siddaway R, Li C, Pajovic S, Arnoldo A, Kowalski PE, Johnson M, Sheth J, Lassaletta A, Tatevossian RG, Orisme W, Qaddoumi I, Surrey LF, Li MM, Waanders AJ, Gilheeney S, Rosenblum M, Bale T, Tsang DS, Laperriere N, Kulkarni A, Ibrahim GM, Drake J, Dirks P, Taylor MD, Rutka JT, Laughlin S, Shroff M, Shago M, Hazrati LN, D'Arcy C, Ramaswamy V, Bartels U, Huang A, Bouffet E, Karajannis MA, Santi M, Ellison DW, Tabori U, Hawkins C. Integrated Molecular and Clinical Analysis of 1,000 Pediatric Low-Grade Gliomas. Cancer Cell 2020; 37:569-583.e5. [PMID: 32289278 PMCID: PMC7169997 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 230] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGG) are frequently driven by genetic alterations in the RAS-mitogen-activated protein kinase (RAS/MAPK) pathway yet show unexplained variability in their clinical outcome. To address this, we characterized a cohort of >1,000 clinically annotated pLGG. Eighty-four percent of cases harbored a driver alteration, while those without an identified alteration also often exhibited upregulation of the RAS/MAPK pathway. pLGG could be broadly classified based on their alteration type. Rearrangement-driven tumors were diagnosed at a younger age, enriched for WHO grade I histology, infrequently progressed, and rarely resulted in death as compared with SNV-driven tumors. Further sub-classification of clinical-molecular correlates stratified pLGG into risk categories. These data highlight the biological and clinical differences between pLGG subtypes and opens avenues for future treatment refinement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott Ryall
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michal Zapotocky
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Kohei Fukuoka
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Liana Nobre
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ana Guerreiro Stucklin
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julie Bennett
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Siddaway
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Christopher Li
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Sanja Pajovic
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada
| | - Anthony Arnoldo
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul E Kowalski
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Monique Johnson
- Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Javal Sheth
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alvaro Lassaletta
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ruth G Tatevossian
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Wilda Orisme
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ibrahim Qaddoumi
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Lea F Surrey
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Marilyn M Li
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Angela J Waanders
- Department of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Center for Data Driven Discovery in Biomedicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Stem Cell Transplant, Ann & Robert H Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephen Gilheeney
- Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marc Rosenblum
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tejus Bale
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Derek S Tsang
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Normand Laperriere
- Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Abhaya Kulkarni
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto ON, Canada
| | - George M Ibrahim
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto ON, Canada
| | - James Drake
- Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto ON, Canada
| | - Peter Dirks
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto ON, Canada
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto ON, Canada
| | - James T Rutka
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto ON, Canada
| | - Suzanne Laughlin
- Department of Radiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto ON, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Manohar Shroff
- Department of Radiology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto ON, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mary Shago
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Paediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Lili-Naz Hazrati
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Colleen D'Arcy
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Anatomical Pathology, The Alfred Hospital, Prahran, VIC, Australia
| | - Vijay Ramaswamy
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ute Bartels
- Department of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Annie Huang
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric Bouffet
- Department of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | | | - Mariarita Santi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Department of Genomic Diagnostics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David W Ellison
- Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Uri Tabori
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cynthia Hawkins
- Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumour Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pathology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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14
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Mobark NA, Alharbi M, Alhabeeb L, AlMubarak L, Alaljelaify R, AlSaeed M, Almutairi A, Alqubaishi F, Ahmad M, Al-Banyan A, Alotabi FE, Barakeh D, AlZahrani M, Al-Khalidi H, Ajlan A, Ramkissoon LA, Ramkissoon SH, Abedalthagafi M. Clinical management and genomic profiling of pediatric low-grade gliomas in Saudi Arabia. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0228356. [PMID: 31995621 PMCID: PMC6988947 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0228356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pediatric Low Grade Gliomas (PLGGs) display heterogeneity regarding morphology, genomic drivers and clinical outcomes. The treatment modality dictates the outcome and optimizing patient management can be challenging. In this study, we profiled a targeted panel of cancer-related genes in 37 Saudi Arabian patients with pLGGs to identify genetic abnormalities that can inform prognostic and therapeutic decision-making. We detected genetic alterations (GAs) in 97% (36/37) of cases, averaging 2.51 single nucleotide variations (SNVs) and 0.91 gene fusions per patient. The KIAA1549-BRAF fusion was the most common alteration (21/37 patients) followed by AFAP1-NTRK2 (2/37) and TBLXR-PI3KCA (2/37) fusions that were observed at much lower frequencies. The most frequently mutated) genes were NOTCH1-3 (7/37), ATM (4/37), RAD51C (3/37), RNF43 (3/37), SLX4 (3/37) and NF1 (3/37). Interestingly, we identified a GOPC-ROS1 fusion in an 8-year-old patient whose tumor lacked BRAF alterations and histologically classified as low grade glioma. The patient underwent gross total resection (GTR). The patient is currently disease free. To our knowledge this is the first report of GOPC-ROS1 fusion in PLGG. Taken together, we reveal the genetic characteristics of pLGG patients can enhance diagnostics and therapeutic decisions. In addition, we identified a GOPC-ROS1 fusion that may be a biomarker for pLGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahla A. Mobark
- Department of Paediatric Oncology Comprehensive Cancer Centre, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Musa Alharbi
- Department of Paediatric Oncology Comprehensive Cancer Centre, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Lamees Alhabeeb
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Latifa AlMubarak
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rasha Alaljelaify
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mariam AlSaeed
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal Almutairi
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah Alqubaishi
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maqsood Ahmad
- Department of Neuroscience, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ayman Al-Banyan
- Department of Neuroscience, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad E. Alotabi
- Department of Neuroscience, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Duna Barakeh
- Department of Pathology, King Khalid Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malak AlZahrani
- Department of Pathology, King Khalid Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham Al-Khalidi
- Department of Pathology, King Khalid Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrazag Ajlan
- Department of Pathology, King Khalid Hospital, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lori A. Ramkissoon
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States of America
| | - Shakti H. Ramkissoon
- Wake Forest Comprehensive Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States of America
- Foundation Medicine Inc., Morrisville, NC, United States of America
| | - Malak Abedalthagafi
- Genomics Research Department, Saudi Human Genome Project, King Fahad Medical City and King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail:
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15
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Guerreiro Stucklin AS, Ryall S, Fukuoka K, Zapotocky M, Lassaletta A, Li C, Bridge T, Kim B, Arnoldo A, Kowalski PE, Zhong Y, Johnson M, Li C, Ramani AK, Siddaway R, Nobre LF, de Antonellis P, Dunham C, Cheng S, Boué DR, Finlay JL, Coven SL, de Prada I, Perez-Somarriba M, Faria CC, Grotzer MA, Rushing E, Sumerauer D, Zamecnik J, Krskova L, Garcia Ariza M, Cruz O, Morales La Madrid A, Solano P, Terashima K, Nakano Y, Ichimura K, Nagane M, Sakamoto H, Gil-da-Costa MJ, Silva R, Johnston DL, Michaud J, Wilson B, van Landeghem FKH, Oviedo A, McNeely PD, Crooks B, Fried I, Zhukova N, Hansford JR, Nageswararao A, Garzia L, Shago M, Brudno M, Irwin MS, Bartels U, Ramaswamy V, Bouffet E, Taylor MD, Tabori U, Hawkins C. Alterations in ALK/ROS1/NTRK/MET drive a group of infantile hemispheric gliomas. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4343. [PMID: 31554817 PMCID: PMC6761184 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12187-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Infant gliomas have paradoxical clinical behavior compared to those in children and adults: low-grade tumors have a higher mortality rate, while high-grade tumors have a better outcome. However, we have little understanding of their biology and therefore cannot explain this behavior nor what constitutes optimal clinical management. Here we report a comprehensive genetic analysis of an international cohort of clinically annotated infant gliomas, revealing 3 clinical subgroups. Group 1 tumors arise in the cerebral hemispheres and harbor alterations in the receptor tyrosine kinases ALK, ROS1, NTRK and MET. These are typically single-events and confer an intermediate outcome. Groups 2 and 3 gliomas harbor RAS/MAPK pathway mutations and arise in the hemispheres and midline, respectively. Group 2 tumors have excellent long-term survival, while group 3 tumors progress rapidly and do not respond well to chemoradiation. We conclude that infant gliomas comprise 3 subgroups, justifying the need for specialized therapeutic strategies. Infant gliomas behave differently to their childhood or adult counterparts. Here, the authors perform a large-scale genetic analysis of these tumours, revealing genetic alterations which may offer therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana S Guerreiro Stucklin
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Scott Ryall
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kohei Fukuoka
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michal Zapotocky
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alvaro Lassaletta
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | - Christopher Li
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Taylor Bridge
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Byungjin Kim
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anthony Arnoldo
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Paul E Kowalski
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yvonne Zhong
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Monique Johnson
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Claire Li
- Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Arun K Ramani
- Centre for Computational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Siddaway
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Liana Figueiredo Nobre
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Pasqualino de Antonellis
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher Dunham
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sylvia Cheng
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Division of Hematology/Oncology/BMT, British Columbia Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Daniel R Boué
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan L Finlay
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplantation, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Scott L Coven
- Division of Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplantation, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Marta Perez-Somarriba
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Hospital Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
| | - Claudia C Faria
- Division of Neurosurgery, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.,Instituto de Medicina Molecular João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Michael A Grotzer
- Department of Oncology and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Rushing
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David Sumerauer
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Josef Zamecnik
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Krskova
- Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Ofelia Cruz
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Palma Solano
- Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hospital Infantil Virgen del Rocio, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Keita Terashima
- Children's Cancer Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Nakano
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Ichimura
- Division of Brain Tumor Translational Research, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motoo Nagane
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Sakamoto
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Osaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Roberto Silva
- Department of Pathology, University Hospital de São João, Porto, Portugal
| | - Donna L Johnston
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jean Michaud
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Bev Wilson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Angelica Oviedo
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Pathology Laboratory Medicine, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - P Daniel McNeely
- Division of Neurosurgery, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Bruce Crooks
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Iris Fried
- The Department of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Nataliya Zhukova
- Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Jordan R Hansford
- Children's Cancer Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | | | - Livia Garzia
- Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Mary Shago
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Brudno
- Centre for Computational Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Meredith S Irwin
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ute Bartels
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Vijay Ramaswamy
- The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Eric Bouffet
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael D Taylor
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Neurosurgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Uri Tabori
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Hematology and Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cynthia Hawkins
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,The Arthur and Sonia Labatt Brain Tumor Research Centre, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Pediatric Laboratory Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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16
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Nakano Y, Tomiyama A, Kohno T, Yoshida A, Yamasaki K, Ozawa T, Fukuoka K, Fukushima H, Inoue T, Hara J, Sakamoto H, Ichimura K. Identification of a novel KLC1–ROS1 fusion in a case of pediatric low-grade localized glioma. Brain Tumor Pathol 2018; 36:14-19. [DOI: 10.1007/s10014-018-0330-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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17
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Abstract
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) play an important role in a variety of cellular processes including growth, motility, differentiation, and metabolism. As such, dysregulation of RTK signaling leads to an assortment of human diseases, most notably, cancers. Recent large-scale genomic studies have revealed the presence of various alterations in the genes encoding RTKs such as EGFR, HER2/ErbB2, and MET, amongst many others. Abnormal RTK activation in human cancers is mediated by four principal mechanisms: gain-of-function mutations, genomic amplification, chromosomal rearrangements, and / or autocrine activation. In this manuscript, we review the processes whereby RTKs are activated under normal physiological conditions and discuss several mechanisms whereby RTKs can be aberrantly activated in human cancers. Understanding of these mechanisms has important implications for selection of anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfang Du
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Christine M Lovly
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
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18
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Dubuc AM, Ligon AH. From Prognostication to Personalized Medicine: Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS) Using Chromosomal Microarrays. CURRENT GENETIC MEDICINE REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40142-017-0127-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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