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Skandalakis GP, Linn W, Yeh F, Kazim SF, Komaitis S, Neromyliotis E, Dimopoulos D, Drosos E, Hadjipanayis CG, Kongkham PN, Zadeh G, Stranjalis G, Koutsarnakis C, Kogan M, Evans LT, Kalyvas A. Unveiling the axonal connectivity between the precuneus and temporal pole: Structural evidence from the cingulum pathways. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26771. [PMID: 38925589 PMCID: PMC11199201 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies have consistently demonstrated concurrent activation of the human precuneus and temporal pole (TP), both during resting-state conditions and various higher-order cognitive functions. However, the precise underlying structural connectivity between these brain regions remains uncertain despite significant advancements in neuroscience research. In this study, we investigated the connectivity of the precuneus and TP by employing parcellation-based fiber micro-dissections in human brains and fiber tractography techniques in a sample of 1065 human subjects and a sample of 41 rhesus macaques. Our results demonstrate the connectivity between the posterior precuneus area POS2 and the areas 35, 36, and TG of the TP via the fifth subcomponent of the cingulum (CB-V) also known as parahippocampal cingulum. This finding contributes to our understanding of the connections within the posteromedial cortices, facilitating a more comprehensive integration of anatomy and function in both normal and pathological brain processes. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Our investigation delves into the intricate architecture and connectivity patterns of subregions within the precuneus and temporal pole, filling a crucial gap in our knowledge. We revealed a direct axonal connection between the posterior precuneus (POS2) and specific areas (35, 35, and TG) of the temporal pole. The direct connections are part of the CB-V pathway and exhibit a significant association with the cingulum, SRF, forceps major, and ILF. Population-based human tractography and rhesus macaque fiber tractography showed consistent results that support micro-dissection outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios P. Skandalakis
- Section of NeurosurgeryDartmouth Hitchcock Medical CenterLebanonNew HampshireUSA
- Department of NeurosurgeryNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of MedicineAthensGreece
| | - Wen‐Jieh Linn
- Department of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Fang‐Cheng Yeh
- Department of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Syed Faraz Kazim
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of New Mexico HospitalAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | - Spyridon Komaitis
- Department of NeurosurgeryNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of MedicineAthensGreece
| | - Eleftherios Neromyliotis
- Department of NeurosurgeryNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of MedicineAthensGreece
| | - Dimitrios Dimopoulos
- Department of NeurosurgeryNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of MedicineAthensGreece
| | - Evangelos Drosos
- Department of NeurosurgeryNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of MedicineAthensGreece
| | | | - Paul N. Kongkham
- Department of NeurosurgeryToronto Western Hospital, University Health NetworkTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Gelareh Zadeh
- Department of NeurosurgeryToronto Western Hospital, University Health NetworkTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - George Stranjalis
- Department of NeurosurgeryNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of MedicineAthensGreece
| | - Christos Koutsarnakis
- Department of NeurosurgeryNational and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of MedicineAthensGreece
| | - Michael Kogan
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of New Mexico HospitalAlbuquerqueNew MexicoUSA
| | - Linton T. Evans
- Section of NeurosurgeryDartmouth Hitchcock Medical CenterLebanonNew HampshireUSA
| | - Aristotelis Kalyvas
- Department of NeurosurgeryToronto Western Hospital, University Health NetworkTorontoOntarioCanada
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Issabekov G, Matsumoto T, Hoshi H, Fukasawa K, Ichikawa S, Shigihara Y. Resting-state brain activity distinguishes patients with generalised epilepsy from others. Seizure 2024; 115:50-58. [PMID: 38183828 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder characterised by repetitive seizures. It is categorised into three types: generalised epilepsy (GE), focal epilepsy (FE), and combined generalised and focal epilepsy. Correctly subtyping the epilepsy is important to select appropriate treatments. The types are mainly determined (i.e., diagnosed) by their semiologies supported by clinical examinations, such as electroencephalography and magnetoencephalography (MEG). Although these examinations are traditionally based on visual inspections of interictal epileptic discharges (IEDs), which are not always visible, alternative analyses have been anticipated. We examined if resting-state brain activities can distinguish patients with GE, which would help us to diagnose the type of epilepsy. METHODS The 5 min resting-state brain activities acquired using MEG were obtained retrospectively from 15 patients with GE. The cortical source of the activities was estimated at each frequency band from delta to high-frequency oscillation (HFO). These estimated activities were compared with reference datasets from 133 healthy individuals and control data from 29 patients with FE. RESULTS Patients with GE showed larger theta in the occipital, alpha in the left temporal, HFO in the rostral deep regions, and smaller HFO in the caudal ventral regions. Their area under the curves of the receiver operating characteristic curves was around 0.8-0.9. The distinctive pattern was not found for data from FE. CONCLUSION Patients with GE show distinctive resting-state brain activity, which could be a potential biomarker and used complementarily to classical analysis based on the visual inspection of IEDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galymzhan Issabekov
- Precision Medicine Centre, Kumagaya General Hospital, Kumagaya 360-8567, Japan
| | - Takahiro Matsumoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kumagaya General Hospital, Kumagaya 360-8567, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Hoshi
- Precision Medicine Centre, Hokuto Hospital, Obihiro 080-0833, Japan
| | - Keisuke Fukasawa
- Clinical Laboratory, Kumagaya General Hospital, Kumagaya 360-8567, Japan
| | - Sayuri Ichikawa
- Clinical Laboratory, Kumagaya General Hospital, Kumagaya 360-8567, Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shigihara
- Precision Medicine Centre, Kumagaya General Hospital, Kumagaya 360-8567, Japan; Precision Medicine Centre, Hokuto Hospital, Obihiro 080-0833, Japan.
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Deng D, Sun H, Wang Y, Guo X, Yuan Y, Wang J, Qiu L. Structural and functional abnormalities in first-episode drug-naïve pediatric idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Cereb Cortex 2024; 34:bhae021. [PMID: 38314605 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhae021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate brain structure and corresponding static and dynamic functional connectivity (sFC & dFC) abnormalities in untreated, first-episode pediatric idiopathic generalized epilepsy (IGE), with the goal of better understanding the underlying pathological mechanisms of IGE. Thirty-one children with IGE and 31 age-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited. Structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) data were acquired, and voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis were performed to reveal abnormal gray matter volume (GMV). Moreover, sFC and dFC analyses were conducted using the brain areas exhibiting abnormal GMV as seed regions to explore abnormal functional couplings. Compared to HC, the IGE group exhibited increased GMV in left middle cingulate cortex (MCC) and right parahippocampus (ParaHipp). In addition, the analyses of dFC and sFC with MCC and ParaHipp as seeds revealed more extensive functional connectivity (FC) changes in dFC. Notably, the structurally and functionally abnormal brain areas were primarily localized in the default mode network (DMN). However, our study did not find any significant associations between these altered neuroimaging measurements and clinical outcomes. This study uncovered microstructural changes as well as corresponding sFC and dFC changes in patients with new-onset, untreated pediatric IGE. The affected brain regions were primarily located within the DMN, highlighting the DMN's crucial role in the development of pediatric IGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingmei Deng
- West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 18, South Section 3, First Ring Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610041, China
- Medical Imaging Center, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, 96# Beida Street, Cuiping District, Yibin 644000, China
- Clinical Research and Translational Center, Second People's Hospital of Yibin City-West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, 96# Beida Street, Cuiping District, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Hui Sun
- College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, No. 24, South Section 1, First Ring Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yuting Wang
- Medical Imaging Center, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, 96# Beida Street, Cuiping District, Yibin 644000, China
- Clinical Research and Translational Center, Second People's Hospital of Yibin City-West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, 96# Beida Street, Cuiping District, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Xin Guo
- Medical Imaging Center, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, 96# Beida Street, Cuiping District, Yibin 644000, China
- Clinical Research and Translational Center, Second People's Hospital of Yibin City-West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, 96# Beida Street, Cuiping District, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Yizhi Yuan
- Medical Imaging Center, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, 96# Beida Street, Cuiping District, Yibin 644000, China
- Clinical Research and Translational Center, Second People's Hospital of Yibin City-West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, 96# Beida Street, Cuiping District, Yibin 644000, China
| | - Jiaojian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, No.7, Zhiyuan Road, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, No.7, Zhiyuan Road, Chenggong District, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- Medical Imaging Center, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, 96# Beida Street, Cuiping District, Yibin 644000, China
- Clinical Research and Translational Center, Second People's Hospital of Yibin City-West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, 96# Beida Street, Cuiping District, Yibin 644000, China
- Functional and Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, No. 24, South Section 1, First Ring Road, Wuhou District, Chengdu City, Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610065, China
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Warren AEL, Tobochnik S, Chua MMJ, Singh H, Stamm MA, Rolston JD. Neurostimulation for Generalized Epilepsy: Should Therapy be Syndrome-specific? Neurosurg Clin N Am 2024; 35:27-48. [PMID: 38000840 PMCID: PMC10676463 DOI: 10.1016/j.nec.2023.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Current applications of neurostimulation for generalized epilepsy use a one-target-fits-all approach that is agnostic to the specific epilepsy syndrome and seizure type being treated. The authors describe similarities and differences between the 2 "archetypes" of generalized epilepsy-Lennox-Gastaut syndrome and Idiopathic Generalized Epilepsy-and review recent neuroimaging evidence for syndrome-specific brain networks underlying seizures. Implications for stimulation targeting and programming are discussed using 5 clinical questions: What epilepsy syndrome does the patient have? What brain networks are involved? What is the optimal stimulation target? What is the optimal stimulation paradigm? What is the plan for adjusting stimulation over time?
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron E L Warren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Steven Tobochnik
- Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Melissa M J Chua
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hargunbir Singh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michaela A Stamm
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John D Rolston
- Department of Neurosurgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Brandhoff F, Mayer T, Wienecke M, Kovacevic-Preradovic T, Holtkamp M, Breuer E. Generalized onset seizures with focal evolution (GOFE) - a largely unknown ictal variation in genetic generalized epilepsies. Seizure 2024; 114:40-43. [PMID: 38039806 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2023.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE At onset of generalized seizures, focal electroclinical features are commonly seen, while generalized onset seizures with focal evolution (GOFE) are largely unknown bearing the risk of misclassification. METHODS In two German epilepsy-centers, patients with GOFE documented by video-EEG monitoring (VEM) between 2017 and 2022 were identified retrospectively. In addition to analysis of ictal electroclinical features, detailed epilepsy and family history, response to antiseizure medication (ASM), and findings from neuroimaging were considered. RESULTS We identified five patients with GOFE, three females, age 14 to 22 years. All patients developed genetic generalized epilepsy in childhood or adolescence, each presenting with two or three generalized seizure types. In each of the five patients, one GOFE was recorded by VEM. At onset, EEG seizure patterns were characterized by generalized spike-wave discharges at 2.5 to 3.5/sec for 9 to 16 s followed by focal evolution of the discharges. Interictally, all patients presented with generalized spike-wave discharges without focal abnormalities. Semiology at onset was behavioral arrest in two patients and generalized increase in tone in one, while two onsets were clinically inapparent. Semiological signs during focal evolution were variable, comprising head and body version, figure 4 sign, unilateral arm clonic activity, and staring with oral automatisms. In one case, focality involved both hemispheres successively. CONCLUSION Prominent focal semiological features in GOFE carry a high risk of misclassification as focal seizures and epilepsy and thus wrong choice of ASM. This calls for low-threshold VEM if any doubts of focal genesis of seizures exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Brandhoff
- Epilepsy-Center Kleinwachau, Wachauer Straße 30, 01454 Radeberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Mayer
- Epilepsy-Center Kleinwachau, Wachauer Straße 30, 01454 Radeberg, Germany
| | - Miriam Wienecke
- Epilepsy-Center Kleinwachau, Wachauer Straße 30, 01454 Radeberg, Germany
| | | | - Martin Holtkamp
- Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Ev. Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge, Herzbergstr. 79, 10365 Berlin, Germany
| | - Eva Breuer
- Epilepsy-Center Berlin-Brandenburg, Ev. Krankenhaus Königin Elisabeth Herzberge, Herzbergstr. 79, 10365 Berlin, Germany.
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van de Velden D, Stier C, Kotikalapudi R, Heide EC, Garnica-Agudelo D, Focke NK. Comparison of Resting-State EEG Network Analyses With and Without Parallel MRI in Genetic Generalized Epilepsy. Brain Topogr 2023; 36:750-765. [PMID: 37354244 PMCID: PMC10415462 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-023-00977-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
Genetic generalized epilepsy (GGE) is conceptualized as a brain disorder involving distributed bilateral networks. To study these networks, simultaneous EEG-fMRI measurements can be used. However, inside-MRI EEG suffers from strong MR-related artifacts; it is not established whether EEG-based metrics in EEG-fMRI resting-state measurements are suitable for the analysis of group differences at source-level. We evaluated the impact of the inside-MR measurement condition on statistical group comparisons of EEG on source-level power and functional connectivity in patients with GGE versus healthy controls. We studied the cross-modal spatial relation of statistical group differences in seed-based FC derived from EEG and parallel fMRI. We found a significant increase in power and a frequency-specific change in functional connectivity for the inside MR-scanner compared to the outside MR-scanner condition. For power, we found reduced group difference between GGE and controls both in terms of statistical significance as well as effect size. Group differences for ImCoh remained similar both in terms of statistical significance as well as effect size. We found increased seed-based FC for GGE patients from the thalamus to the precuneus cortex region in fMRI, and in the theta band of simultaneous EEG. Our findings suggest that the analysis of EEG functional connectivity based on ImCoh is suitable for MR-EEG, and that relative group difference in a comparison of patients with GGE against controls are preserved. Spatial correspondence of seed-based FC group differences between the two modalities was found for the thalamus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel van de Velden
- Clinic for Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Christina Stier
- Clinic for Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute of Clinical Brain Research, University Medical Center Tübingen, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Raviteja Kotikalapudi
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute of Clinical Brain Research, University Medical Center Tübingen, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
- Clinic for Neurology, University Medical Center Essen/University Duisburg-Essen, 45147, Essen, Germany
| | - Ev-Christin Heide
- Clinic for Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - David Garnica-Agudelo
- Clinic for Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Niels K Focke
- Clinic for Neurology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075, Göttingen, Germany.
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Hertie Institute of Clinical Brain Research, University Medical Center Tübingen, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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7
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Yang M, Liu L, Cui H, Deng C, Xiong W, Zhao G, Du S, Kosten TR, Chen H, Li Z, Zhang X. Dynamic functional thalamocortical dysconnectivity in schizophrenia correlates to antipsychotics response. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 9:40. [PMID: 37402747 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-023-00371-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Although many studies have showed abnormal thalamocortical networks in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), the dynamic functional thalamocortical connectivity of individuals with SCZ and the effect of antipsychotics on this connectivity have not been investigated. Drug-naïve first-episode individuals with SCZ and healthy controls were recruited. Patients were treated with risperidone for 12 weeks. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was acquired at baseline and week 12. We identified six functional thalamic subdivisions. The sliding window strategy was used to determine the dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) of each functional thalamic subdivision. Individuals with SCZ displayed decreased or increased dFC variance in different thalamic subdivisions. The baseline dFC between ventral posterior-lateral (VPL) portions and right dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus (rdSFG) correlated with psychotic symptoms. The dFC variance between VPL and right medial orbital superior frontal gyrus (rmoSFG) or rdSFG decreased after 12-week risperidone treatment. The decreased dFC variance between VPL and rmoSFG correlated with the reduction of PANSS scores. Interestingly, the dFC between VPL and rmoSFG or rdSFG decreased in responders. The dFC variance change of VPL and the averaged whole brain signal correlated with the risperidone efficacy. Our study demonstrates abnormal variability in thalamocortical dFC may be implicated in psychopathological symptoms and risperidone response in individuals with schizophrenia, suggesting that thalamocortical dFC variance may be correlated to the efficacy of antipsychotic treatment.Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00435370. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00435370?term=NCT00435370&draw=2&rank=1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Yang
- The fourth people's hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Liju Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongmei Cui
- Qingdao Mental Health Center, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chijun Deng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Weisen Xiong
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Guocheng Zhao
- The fourth people's hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Shulin Du
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Thomas R Kosten
- Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
- Epidemiology and Behavioral Science, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Huafu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Mental Health, The Center of Psychosomatic Medicine of Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
| | - Zezhi Li
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiangyang Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Chen Z, Fan B, Pang L, Wei M, Lv C, Zheng J. Longitudinal alterations of cortical structural-functional coupling in temporal lobe epilepsy. J Neuroimaging 2023; 33:156-166. [PMID: 36085558 DOI: 10.1111/jon.13046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To investigate the longitudinal alterations of cortical structural-functional coupling (SF coupling) in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) over a 2-year follow-up, thereby exploring the neuropathophysiological mechanisms of TLE. METHODS Twenty-eight TLE patients and 42 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited. We used resting-state functional MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging to estimate and compare SF coupling at the multiscale network level (whole-brain, modular, and regional levels). Then, we analyzed the relationships between the spatial patterns of SF coupling, the principal functional connectivity (FC) gradient, and the functional participation coefficient (PC). Finally, we related regional SF coupling changes between baseline and follow-up to the expression of regional TLE-specific genes. RESULTS Compared with HCs, TLE patients showed higher baseline SF couplings within the whole-brain, limbic, and default-mode modules. SF couplings within visual and dorsal attention modules were increased at follow-up compared to baseline. In all three groups, the spatial patterns of SF coupling aligned with the principal FC gradient and the functional PC. The longitudinal change in regional SF coupling in TLE patients was significantly positively correlated with the expression of the CUX2 gene. CONCLUSIONS Aberrant SF coupling was revealed in TLE and related to macroscale cortical hierarchies, functional segregation, and TLE-specific gene expression; these data help increase our understanding of the neuropathophysiological mechanisms underlying TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexiang Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Binglin Fan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Linlin Pang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Minda Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Caitiao Lv
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jinou Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Li Y, Wang J, Wang X, Chen Q, Qin B, Chen J. Reconfiguration of static and dynamic thalamo-cortical network functional connectivity of epileptic children with generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:953356. [PMID: 35937891 PMCID: PMC9353948 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.953356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective A number of studies in adults and children with generalized tonic-clonic seizure (GTCS) have reported the alterations in morphometry, functional activity, and functional connectivity (FC) in the thalamus. However, the neural mechanisms underlying the alterations in the thalamus of patients with GTCS are not well understood, particularly in children. The aim of the current study was to explore the temporal properties of functional pathways connecting thalamus in children with GTCS. Methods Here, we recruited 24 children with GTCS and 36 age-matched healthy controls. Static and dynamic FC approaches were used to evaluate alterations in the temporal variability of thalamo-cortical networks in children with GTCS. The dynamic effective connectivity (dEC) method was also used to evaluate the directions of the fluctuations in effective connectivity. In addition, the relationships between the dynamic properties and clinical features were assessed. Results The static FC analysis presented significantly decreased connectivity patterns between the bilateral thalamus and between the thalamus and right inferior temporal gyrus. The dynamic connectivity analysis found decreased FC variability in the thalamo-cortical network of children with epilepsy. Dynamic EC analyses identified increased connectivity variability from the frontal gyrus to the bilateral thalamus, and decreased connectivity variability from the right thalamus to the left thalamus and from the right thalamus to the right superior parietal lobe. In addition, correlation analysis revealed that both static FC and connectivity temporal variability in the thalamo-cortical network related to the clinical features (epilepsy duration and epilepsy onset time). Significance Our findings of both increased and decreased connectivity variability in the thalamo-cortical network imply a dynamic restructuring of the functional pathways connecting the thalamus in children with GTCS. These alterations in static and temporal dynamic pathways connecting the bilateral thalamus may extend our understanding of the neural mechanisms underlying the GTCS in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yongxin Li,
| | - Jianping Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Epilepsy Center and Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Children’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bing Qin
- Epilepsy Center and Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxu Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Formula-Pattern of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Formula-pattern Research Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
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Middlebrooks EH, He X, Grewal SS, Keller SS. Neuroimaging and thalamic connectomics in epilepsy neuromodulation. Epilepsy Res 2022; 182:106916. [PMID: 35367691 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2022.106916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Neuromodulation is an increasingly utilized therapy for the treatment of people with drug-resistant epilepsy. To date, the most common and effective target has been the thalamus, which is known to play a key role in multiple forms of epilepsy. Neuroimaging has facilitated rapid developments in the understanding of functional targets, surgical and programming techniques, and the effects of thalamic stimulation. In this review, the role of neuroimaging in neuromodulation is explored. First, the structural and functional changes of the thalamus in common epilepsy syndromes are discussed as the rationale for neuromodulation of the thalamus. Next, methods for imaging different thalamic nuclei are presented, as well as rationale for the need of direct surgical targeting rather than reliance on traditional stereotactic coordinates. Lastly, we discuss the potential role of neuroimaging in assessing the effects of thalamic stimulation and as a potential biomarker for neuromodulation outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik H Middlebrooks
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
| | - Xiaosong He
- Department of Psychology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | | | - Simon S Keller
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
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11
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Shared Etiology in Autism Spectrum Disorder and Epilepsy with Functional Disability. Behav Neurol 2022; 2022:5893519. [PMID: 35530166 PMCID: PMC9068331 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5893519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders and epilepsies are heterogeneous human disorders that have miscellaneous etiologies and pathophysiology. There is considerable risk of frequent epilepsy in autism that facilitates amplified morbidity and mortality. Several biological pathways appear to be involved in disease progression, including gene transcription regulation, cellular growth, synaptic channel function, and maintenance of synaptic structure. Here, abnormalities in excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) balance ratio are reviewed along with part of an epileptiform activity that may drive both overconnectivity and genetic disorders where autism spectrum disorders and epilepsy frequently co-occur. The most current ideas concerning common etiological and molecular mechanisms for co-occurrence of both autism spectrum disorders and epilepsy are discussed along with the powerful pharmacological therapies that protect the cognition and behavior of patients. Better understanding is necessary to identify a biological mechanism that might lead to possible treatments for these neurological disorders.
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12
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Hsieh H, Xu Q, Yang F, Zhang Q, Hao J, Liu G, Liu R, Yu Q, Zhang Z, Xing W, Bernhardt BC, Lu G, Zhang Z. Distinct Functional Cortico-Striato-Thalamo-Cerebellar Networks in Genetic Generalized and Focal Epilepsies with Generalized Tonic-Clonic Seizures. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061612. [PMID: 35329938 PMCID: PMC8951449 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to delineate cortico-striato-thalamo-cerebellar network profiles based on static and dynamic connectivity analysis in genetic generalized and focal epilepsies with generalized tonic-clonic seizures, and to evaluate its potential for distinguishing these two epilepsy syndromes. A total of 342 individuals participated in the study (114 patients with genetic generalized epilepsy with generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GE-GTCS), and 114 age- and sex-matched patients with focal epilepsy with focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizure (FE-FBTS), 114 healthy controls). Resting-state fMRI data were examined through static and dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) analyses, constructing cortico-striato-thalamo-cerebellar networks. Network patterns were compared between groups, and were correlated to epilepsy duration. A pattern-learning algorithm was applied to network features for classifying both epilepsy syndromes. FE-FBTS and GE-GTCS both presented with altered functional connectivity in subregions of the motor/premotor and somatosensory networks. Among these two groups, the connectivity within the cerebellum increased in the static, while the dFC variability decreased; conversely, the connectivity of the thalamus decreased in FE-FBTS and increased in GE-GTCS in the static state. Connectivity differences between patient groups were mainly located in the thalamus and cerebellum, and correlated with epilepsy duration. Support vector machine (SVM) classification had accuracies of 66.67%, 68.42%, and 77.19% when using static, dynamic, and combined approaches to categorize GE-GTCS and FE-GTCS. Network features with high discriminative ability predominated in the thalamic and cerebellar connectivities. The network embedding of the thalamus and cerebellum likely plays an important differential role in GE-GTCS and FE-FBTS, and could serve as an imaging biomarker for differential diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsinyu Hsieh
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China; (H.H.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.); (Q.Z.); (J.H.); (G.L.); (R.L.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China; (H.H.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.); (Q.Z.); (J.H.); (G.L.); (R.L.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China; (H.H.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.); (Q.Z.); (J.H.); (G.L.); (R.L.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Qirui Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China; (H.H.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.); (Q.Z.); (J.H.); (G.L.); (R.L.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Jingru Hao
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China; (H.H.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.); (Q.Z.); (J.H.); (G.L.); (R.L.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Gaoping Liu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China; (H.H.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.); (Q.Z.); (J.H.); (G.L.); (R.L.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Ruoting Liu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China; (H.H.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.); (Q.Z.); (J.H.); (G.L.); (R.L.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Qianqian Yu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China; (H.H.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.); (Q.Z.); (J.H.); (G.L.); (R.L.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China; (H.H.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.); (Q.Z.); (J.H.); (G.L.); (R.L.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Wei Xing
- Department of Radiology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University/Changzhou First People’s Hospital, Changzhou 213004, China;
| | - Boris C. Bernhardt
- McConnell Brain Imaging Centre, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, QC H3A 2B4, Canada;
| | - Guangming Lu
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China; (H.H.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.); (Q.Z.); (J.H.); (G.L.); (R.L.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (G.L.)
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210093, China; (H.H.); (Q.X.); (F.Y.); (Q.Z.); (J.H.); (G.L.); (R.L.); (Q.Y.); (Z.Z.); (G.L.)
- Correspondence:
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13
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Li T, Niu S, Qiu X, Zhai Z, Yang L, Chen L, Zhang XM. Altered Cerebral Blood Flow is Linked to Disease Duration in Patients with Generalized tonic‒clonic Seizures. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2022; 18:2649-2659. [PMID: 36387946 PMCID: PMC9662018 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s386509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate cerebral blood flow (CBF) characteristics in individuals with generalized tonic‒clonic seizures (GTCS) during the interictal phase using voxel-based analysis of 3D pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (PCASL). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients with GTCS (GTCS group) (during the interictal period) and healthy volunteers (control group) underwent head MR imaging with a 3.0T MR scanner with a 3D PCASL sequence. CBF was compared between the two groups. Spearman correlations of CBF in regions of interest (ROIs) in GTCS patients with the duration of disease and age of onset were analyzed and corrected using the false discovery rate (FDR). RESULTS Twenty patients with GTCS (GTCS group) and twenty healthy volunteers (control group) were recruited for this study. On 3D PCASL, (1) GTCS patients had lower CBF in the brainstem, right cerebellum, right inferior temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus, triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus, left temporal pole of superior temporal gyrus and thalamus and had higher CBF in the bilateral superior parietal gyri, precuneus, precentral gyri, postcentral gyri, and left dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus than controls. (2) The CBF of the right temporal pole of the middle temporal gyrus was negatively correlated with the duration of disease (PFDRcorrected<0.05), with a correlation coefficient r of -0.7333 and a PFDRcorrected value of 0.04. CONCLUSION Voxel-based analysis of 3D PCASL imaging can be used to sensitively detect brain perfusion differences in GTCS patients. The decrease in CBF in the right temporal pole of the middle temporal gyrus may be associated with disease onset. These findings may offer new perspectives on the pathogenesis of GTCS and the underlying pathophysiological changes associated with perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaowei Niu
- Department of Infection, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Qiu
- Department of Radiology, Integrated TCM & Western Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Chengdu University of TCM, Chengdu First People's Hospital, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohua Zhai
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Yang
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chen
- Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Ming Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.,Medical Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, and Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, People's Republic of China
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14
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Xu H, Zhu H, Luo L, Zhang R. Altered gray matter volume in MRI-negative focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures. Acta Neurol Belg 2021; 121:1525-1533. [PMID: 32449136 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-020-01383-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
To investigate cortical changes in MRI-negative patients with focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures (FBTCS). High-resolution three-dimensional T1-weighted MRI were collected with a GE 3.0-T MRI scanner from 26 patients with FBTCS and 21 healthy volunteers at Nanjing Brain Hospital. Voxel-based morphometry was performed on T1-weighted MRI of all subjects. A two-sample t test was performed to compare the GMV of two groups. Age and gender were taken as covariables, so that brain regions with significant differences, as compared by two-sample t test, between the two group were obtained. These regions were extracted as the regions of interest (ROIs) used for correlation analysis between ROIs and clinical variables. There is no significant difference in GMF between two groups. In FBTCS, regions with decreased GMV are bilateral thalamus, bilateral orbitofrontal cortex, left medical cingulate gyrus, and right supplementary motor area. GMV is increased within the bilateral para-hippocampal regions (voxel-wise FDR-corrected, P < 0.05). The GMVs are significantly negatively correlated with disease duration in the left thalamus and the left para-hippocampal region (P < 0.05). Seizures may lead to the loss of neurons and the decrease of GMV in FBTCS. The increase of GMV in some regions might be due to inflammatory responses in the early stages of epileptic seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghao Xu
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, The Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Haitao Zhu
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, The Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lei Luo
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, The Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Functional Neurosurgery, The Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
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15
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Chen Y, Fallon N, Kreilkamp BAK, Denby C, Bracewell M, Das K, Pegg E, Mohanraj R, Marson AG, Keller SS. Probabilistic mapping of thalamic nuclei and thalamocortical functional connectivity in idiopathic generalised epilepsy. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:5648-5664. [PMID: 34432348 PMCID: PMC8559489 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that abnormal thalamocortical systems play an important role in the generation and maintenance of primary generalised seizures. However, it is currently unknown which thalamic nuclei and how nuclear‐specific thalamocortical functional connectivity are differentially impacted in patients with medically refractory and non‐refractory idiopathic generalised epilepsy (IGE). In the present study, we performed structural and resting‐state functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with refractory and non‐refractory IGE, segmented the thalamus into constituent nuclear regions using a probabilistic MRI segmentation method and determined thalamocortical functional connectivity using seed‐to‐voxel connectivity analyses. We report significant volume reduction of the left and right anterior thalamic nuclei only in patients with refractory IGE. Compared to healthy controls, patients with refractory and non‐refractory IGE had significant alterations of functional connectivity between the centromedian nucleus and cortex, but only patients with refractory IGE had altered cortical connectivity with the ventral lateral nuclear group. Patients with refractory IGE had significantly increased functional connectivity between the left and right ventral lateral posterior nuclei and cortical regions compared to patients with non‐refractory IGE. Cortical effects were predominantly located in the frontal lobe. Atrophy of the anterior thalamic nuclei and resting‐state functional hyperconnectivity between ventral lateral nuclei and cerebral cortex may be imaging markers of pharmacoresistance in patients with IGE. These structural and functional abnormalities fit well with the known importance of thalamocortical systems in the generation and maintenance of primary generalised seizures, and the increasing recognition of the importance of limbic pathways in IGE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachin Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Nicholas Fallon
- Department of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Barbara A K Kreilkamp
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,Department of Neurology, University Medicine Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Martyn Bracewell
- The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK.,Schools of Medical Sciences and Psychology, Bangor University, Bangor, UK
| | - Kumar Das
- The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Emily Pegg
- Department of Neurology, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK.,Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rajiv Mohanraj
- Department of Neurology, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Salford, UK.,Division of Neuroscience and Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Anthony G Marson
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
| | - Simon S Keller
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,The Walton Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
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16
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A systematic review of resting-state and task-based fmri in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Brain Imaging Behav 2021; 16:1465-1494. [PMID: 34786666 DOI: 10.1007/s11682-021-00595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Functional neuroimaging modalities have enhanced our understanding of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) underlying neural mechanisms. Due to its non-invasive, sensitive and analytical nature, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides valuable insights into relevant functional brain networks and their segregation and integration properties. We systematically reviewed the contribution of resting-state and task-based fMRI to the current understanding of the pathophysiology and the patterns of seizure propagation in JME Altogether, despite some discrepancies, functional findings suggest that corticothalamo-striato-cerebellar network along with default-mode network and salience network are the most affected networks in patients with JME. However, further studies are required to investigate the association between JME's main deficiencies, e.g., motor and cognitive deficiencies and fMRI findings. Moreover, simultaneous electroencephalography-fMRI (EEG-fMRI) studies indicate that alterations of these networks play a role in seizure modulation but fall short of identifying a causal relationship between altered functional properties and seizure propagation. This review highlights the complex pathophysiology of JME, which necessitates the design of more personalized diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in this group.
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17
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Torres Diaz CV, González-Escamilla G, Ciolac D, Navas García M, Pulido Rivas P, Sola RG, Barbosa A, Pastor J, Vega-Zelaya L, Groppa S. Network Substrates of Centromedian Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation in Generalized Pharmacoresistant Epilepsy. Neurotherapeutics 2021; 18:1665-1677. [PMID: 33904113 PMCID: PMC8608991 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-021-01057-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS), specifically thalamic DBS, has achieved promising results to reduce seizure severity and frequency in pharmacoresistant epilepsies, thereby establishing it for clinical use. The mechanisms of action are, however, still unknown. We evidenced the brain networks directly modulated by centromedian (CM) nucleus-DBS and responsible for clinical outcomes in a cohort of patients uniquely diagnosed with generalized pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Preoperative imaging and long-term (2-11 years) clinical data from ten generalized pharmacoresistant epilepsy patients (mean age at surgery = 30.8 ± 5.9 years, 4 female) were evaluated. Volume of tissue activated (VTA) was included as seeds to reconstruct the targeted network to thalamic DBS from diffusion and functional imaging data. CM-DBS clinical outcome improvement (> 50%) appeared in 80% of patients and was tightly related to VTAs interconnected with a reticular system network encompassing sensorimotor and supplementary motor cortices, together with cerebellum/brainstem. Despite methodological differences, both structural and functional connectomes revealed the same targeted network. Our results demonstrate that CM-DBS outcome in generalized pharmacoresistant epilepsy is highly dependent on the individual connectivity profile, involving the cerebello-thalamo-cortical circuits. The proposed framework could be implemented in future studies to refine stereotactic implantation or the parameters for individualized neuromodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriel González-Escamilla
- Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), Mainz, Germany.
| | - Dumitru Ciolac
- Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), Mainz, Germany
- Laboratory of Neurobiology and Medical Genetics, Nicolae Testemitanu, State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Emergency Medicine, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova
| | - Marta Navas García
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rafael G Sola
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Barbosa
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Pastor
- Department of Clinical, Neurophysiology University Hospital La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena Vega-Zelaya
- Department of Clinical, Neurophysiology University Hospital La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sergiu Groppa
- Movement Disorders and Neurostimulation, Department of Neurology, Focus Program Translational Neuroscience (FTN), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Rhine Main Neuroscience Network (rmn2), Mainz, Germany
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18
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Xu Q, Zhang Q, Liu G, Dai XJ, Xie X, Hao J, Yu Q, Liu R, Zhang Z, Ye Y, Qi R, Zhang LJ, Zhang Z, Lu G. BCCT: A GUI Toolkit for Brain Structural Covariance Connectivity Analysis on MATLAB. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:641961. [PMID: 33958993 PMCID: PMC8093864 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.641961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Brain structural covariance network (SCN) can delineate the brain synchronized alterations in a long-range time period. It has been used in the research of cognition or neuropsychiatric disorders. Recently, causal analysis of structural covariance network (CaSCN), winner-take-all and cortex–subcortex covariance network (WTA-CSSCN), and modulation analysis of structural covariance network (MOD-SCN) have expended the technology breadth of SCN. However, the lack of user-friendly software limited the further application of SCN for the research. In this work, we developed the graphical user interface (GUI) toolkit of brain structural covariance connectivity based on MATLAB platform. The software contained the analysis of SCN, CaSCN, MOD-SCN, and WTA-CSSCN. Also, the group comparison and result-showing modules were included in the software. Furthermore, a simple showing of demo dataset was presented in the work. We hope that the toolkit could help the researchers, especially clinical researchers, to do the brain covariance connectivity analysis in further work more easily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xu
- College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China.,Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qirui Zhang
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Gaoping Liu
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xi-Jian Dai
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Sleep Assessment Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xinyu Xie
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingru Hao
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qianqian Yu
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruoting Liu
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zixuan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yulu Ye
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongfeng Qi
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Long Jiang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangming Lu
- College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China.,Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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19
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Meng Y, Yang S, Chen H, Li J, Xu Q, Zhang Q, Lu G, Zhang Z, Liao W. Systematically disrupted functional gradient of the cortical connectome in generalized epilepsy: Initial discovery and independent sample replication. Neuroimage 2021; 230:117831. [PMID: 33549757 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2021.117831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic generalized epilepsy is a network disorder typically involving distributed areas identified by classical neuroanatomy. However, the finer topological relationships in terms of continuous spatial arrangement between these systems are still ambiguous. Connectome gradients provide the topological representations of human macroscale hierarchy in an abstract low-dimensional space by embedding the functional connectome into a set of axes. Leveraging connectome gradients, we systematically scrutinized abnormalities of functional connectome gradient in patients with genetic generalized epilepsy with tonic-clonic seizure (GGE-GTCS, n = 78) compared to healthy controls (HC, n = 85), and further examined the reproducibility across multiple processing configurations and in an independent validation sample (patients with GGE-GTCS, n = 28; HC, n = 31). Our findings demonstrated an extended principal gradient at different spatial scales, network-level and vertex-level, in patients with GGE-GTCS. We found consistent results across processing parameters and in validation sample. The extended principal gradient revealed the excessive functional segregation between unimodal and transmodal systems associated with duration of epilepsy and age at seizure onset in patients. Furthermore, the connectivity profile of regions with abnormal principal gradients verified the disrupted functional hierarchy revealed by gradients. Together, our findings provided a novel view of functional system hierarchy alterations, which facilitated a continuous spatial arrangement of macroscale networks, to increase our understanding of the functional connectome hierarchy in generalized epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Meng
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P R China; MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P R China
| | - Siqi Yang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P R China; MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P R China
| | - Huafu Chen
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P R China; MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P R China.
| | - Jiao Li
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P R China; MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P R China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, P R China
| | - Qirui Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, P R China
| | - Guangming Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, P R China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing 210002, P R China.
| | - Wei Liao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P R China; MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, High-Field Magnetic Resonance Brain Imaging Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, P R China.
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20
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Assadsangabi R, Ozturk A, Kantamneni T, Azizi N, Asaikar SM, Hacein-Bey L. Neuroimaging of Childhood Epilepsy: Focal versus Generalized Epilepsy. JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC EPILEPSY 2021. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1722301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
AbstractNeuroimaging plays an increasingly crucial role in delineating the pathophysiology, and guiding the evaluation, management and monitoring of epilepsy. Imaging contributes to adequately categorizing seizure/epilepsy types in complex clinical situations by demonstrating anatomical and functional changes associated with seizure activity. This article reviews the current status of multimodality neuroimaging in the pediatric population, including focal lesions which may result in focal epileptic findings, focal structural abnormalities that may manifest as generalized epileptiform discharges, and generalized epilepsy without evidence of detectable focal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Assadsangabi
- Department of Neuroradiology, Radiology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, United States
| | - Arzu Ozturk
- Department of Neuroradiology, Radiology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, United States
| | - Trishna Kantamneni
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, United States
| | - Nazarin Azizi
- Department of Neuroradiology, Radiology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, United States
| | - Shailesh M. Asaikar
- Child & Adolescent Neurology Consultants, Sacramento, California, United States
| | - Lotfi Hacein-Bey
- Department of Neuroradiology, Radiology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, California, United States
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21
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Xu Q, Zhang Q, Yang F, Weng Y, Xie X, Hao J, Qi R, Gumenyuk V, Stufflebeam SM, Bernhardt BC, Lu G, Zhang Z. Cortico-striato-thalamo-cerebellar networks of structural covariance underlying different epilepsy syndromes associated with generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Hum Brain Mapp 2020; 42:1102-1115. [PMID: 33372704 PMCID: PMC7856655 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) are the severest and most remarkable clinical expressions of human epilepsy. Cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar structures, organized with different network patterns, underlying the pathophysiological substrates of genetic associated epilepsy with GTCS (GE-GTCS) and focal epilepsy associated with focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizure (FE-FBTS). Structural covariance analysis can delineate the features of epilepsy network related with long-term effects from seizure. Morphometric MRI data of 111 patients with GE-GTCS, 111 patients with FE-FBTS and 111 healthy controls were studied. Cortico-striato-thalao-cerebellar networks of structural covariance within the gray matter were constructed using a Winner-take-all strategy with five cortical parcellations. Comparisons of structural covariance networks were conducted using permutation tests, and module effects of disease duration on networks were conducted using GLM model. Both patient groups showed increased connectivity of structural covariance relative to controls, mainly within the striatum and thalamus, and mostly correlated with the frontal, motor, and somatosensory cortices. Connectivity changes increased as a function of epilepsy durations. FE-FBTS showed more intensive and extensive gray matter changes with volumetric loss and connectivity increment than GE-GTCS. Our findings implicated cortico-striato-thalamo-cerebellar network changes at a large temporal scale in GTCS, with FE-FBTS showing more severe network disruption. The study contributed novel imaging evidence for understanding the different epilepsy syndromes associated with generalized seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical school of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - Qirui Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical school of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fang Yang
- Department of Neurology, Jinling Hospital, Medical school of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yifei Weng
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical school of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Xinyu Xie
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical school of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingru Hao
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical school of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongfeng Qi
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical school of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Valentina Gumenyuk
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Steven M Stufflebeam
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Boris C Bernhardt
- Multimodal Imaging and Connectome Analysis Laboratory, Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Guangming Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical school of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,College of Automation Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Medical school of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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22
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Yang S, Meng Y, Li J, Li B, Fan YS, Chen H, Liao W. The thalamic functional gradient and its relationship to structural basis and cognitive relevance. Neuroimage 2020; 218:116960. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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23
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Cerebello-cerebral connectivity in idiopathic generalized epilepsy. Eur Radiol 2020; 30:3924-3933. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-06674-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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24
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Liu H, Li W, Zhao M, Wu J, Wu J, Yang J, Jiao B. Altered temporal dynamics of brain activity in patients with generalized tonic-clonic seizures. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0219904. [PMID: 31314786 PMCID: PMC6636756 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Generalized seizures engage bilateral networks from their onset at a low temporal scale. Previous studies findings have demonstrated focal/local brain activity abnormalities in the patients with generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS). Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) allows the detection of aberrant spontaneous brain activity in GTCS. Little is known, however, about alterations of dynamics (temporal variability) of spontaneous brain activity. It also remains unclear whether temporal variability of spontaneous brain activity is associated with disease severity. To address these questions, the current study assessed patients with GTCS (n = 35), and age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs, n = 33) who underwent resting state fMRI. We first assessed the dynamics of spontaneous brain activity using dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (dALFF). Furthermore, the temporal variability of brain activity was quantified as the variance of dALFF across sliding window. Compared to HCs, patients with GTCS showed hyper-temporal variability of dALFF in parts of the default mode network, whereas they showed hypo-temporal variability in the somatomotor cortex. Furthermore, dynamic ALFF in the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex was positively correlated with duration of disease, indicating that disease severity is associated with excessive variability. These results suggest both an excessive variability and excessive stability in patients with GTCS. Overall, the current findings from brain activity dynamics contribute to our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of generalized seizure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shijiazhuang the Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Wenling Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Mingjuan Zhao
- Medical Imaging Department, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shijiazhuang the Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shijiazhuang the Third Hospital, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Jiankai Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
| | - Baohua Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China
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25
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Dennison P. The Human Default Consciousness and Its Disruption: Insights From an EEG Study of Buddhist Jhāna Meditation. Front Hum Neurosci 2019; 13:178. [PMID: 31249516 PMCID: PMC6582244 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2019.00178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The “neural correlates of consciousness” (NCC) is a familiar topic in neuroscience, overlapping with research on the brain’s “default mode network.” Task-based studies of NCC by their nature recruit one part of the cortical network to study another, and are therefore both limited and compromised in what they can reveal about consciousness itself. The form of consciousness explored in such research, we term the human default consciousness (DCs), our everyday waking consciousness. In contrast, studies of anesthesia, coma, deep sleep, or some extreme pathological states such as epilepsy, reveal very different cortical activity; all of which states are essentially involuntary, and generally regarded as “unconscious.” An exception to involuntary disruption of consciousness is Buddhist jhāna meditation, whose implicit aim is to intentionally withdraw from the default consciousness, to an inward-directed state of stillness referred to as jhāna consciousness, as a basis to develop insight. The default consciousness is sensorily-based, where information about, and our experience of, the outer world is evaluated against personal and organic needs and forms the basis of our ongoing self-experience. This view conforms both to Buddhist models, and to the emerging work on active inference and minimization of free energy in determining the network balance of the human default consciousness. This paper is a preliminary report on the first detailed EEG study of jhāna meditation, with findings radically different to studies of more familiar, less focused forms of meditation. While remaining highly alert and “present” in their subjective experience, a high proportion of subjects display “spindle” activity in their EEG, superficially similar to sleep spindles of stage 2 nREM sleep, while more-experienced subjects display high voltage slow-waves reminiscent, but significantly different, to the slow waves of deeper stage 4 nREM sleep, or even high-voltage delta coma. Some others show brief posterior spike-wave bursts, again similar, but with significant differences, to absence epilepsy. Some subjects also develop the ability to consciously evoke clonic seizure-like activity at will, under full control. We suggest that the remarkable nature of these observations reflects a profound disruption of the human DCs when the personal element is progressively withdrawn.
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26
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Nicotine in action: cigarette smoking modulated homotopic functional connectivity in schizophrenia. Brain Imaging Behav 2018; 13:1612-1623. [DOI: 10.1007/s11682-018-0001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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27
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Schertz M, Benzakoun J, Pyatigorskaya N, Belkacem S, Sahli-Amor M, Navarro V, Cholet C, Leclercq D, Dormont D, Law-Ye B. Specificities of arterial spin labeling (ASL) abnormalities in acute seizure. J Neuroradiol 2018; 47:20-26. [PMID: 30500358 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurad.2018.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a non-invasive tool measuring cerebral blood flow (CBF) and is useful to assess acute neurological deficit. While acute stroke presents as hypoperfused vascular territory, epileptic activity causes cortical hyperperfusion. Other neurological conditions exhibit hyperperfusion, like migraine or secondary "luxury perfusion" in strokes. Our objectives were to evaluate the usefulness and potential specificities of ASL in acute seizure and correlate it with electroencephalogram. MATERIALS AND METHODS Amongst a cohort of patients with neurological deficit, addressed for suspicion of stroke, we retrospectively reviewed 25 consecutive patients with seizures who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with ASL and electroencephalography (EEG). We compared them with a control group of patients with migraine and stroke secondary re-perfusion, exhibiting ASL hyperperfusion. RESULTS Lateralized cortical hyperperfusion (high relative CBF) was observed in all patients. Good topographic correlation with EEG was found in 18 patients (72%). Eight (32%) had hyperperfusion of ipsilateral pulvinar, 5 (20%) had hyperperfused contralateral cerebellar hemisphere, 16 (64%) presented diffusion abnormalities and 20 (80%) had underlying epileptogenic lesions. Pulvinar hyperperfusion was not observed in the control group, nor were diffusion abnormalities in migrainous patients. Contralateral cerebellar hyperperfusion was observed in two migrainous patient, without associated pulvinar activation, whereas all patients with cerebellar hyperperfusion in the study group had associated pulvinar activation. CONCLUSIONS Elevated CBF can be observed in the epileptogenic zone, ipsilateral pulvinar and contralateral cerebellum (diaschisis) in seizure. These abnormalities seem specific when compared with other causes of hyperperfusion. Arterial spin labeling can be highly effective in the differential diagnosis of strokes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Schertz
- AP-HP, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, neuroradiology department, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Joseph Benzakoun
- AP-HP, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, neuroradiology department, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Nadya Pyatigorskaya
- AP-HP, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, neuroradiology department, 75013 Paris, France; Sorbonne universités, Pierre and Marie-Curie faculty of medicine, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Samia Belkacem
- AP-HP, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, neuroradiology department, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Melika Sahli-Amor
- AP-HP, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, neuroradiology department, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Vincent Navarro
- AP-HP, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, epileptology department, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Clément Cholet
- AP-HP, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, neuroradiology department, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Delphine Leclercq
- AP-HP, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, neuroradiology department, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Didier Dormont
- AP-HP, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, neuroradiology department, 75013 Paris, France; Sorbonne universités, Pierre and Marie-Curie faculty of medicine, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Bruno Law-Ye
- AP-HP, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, neuroradiology department, 75013 Paris, France.
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28
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Klamer S, Ethofer T, Torner F, Sahib AK, Elshahabi A, Marquetand J, Martin P, Lerche H, Erb M, Focke NK. Unravelling the brain networks driving spike-wave discharges in genetic generalized epilepsy-common patterns and individual differences. Epilepsia Open 2018; 3:485-494. [PMID: 30525117 PMCID: PMC6276776 DOI: 10.1002/epi4.12252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Genetic generalized epilepsies (GGEs) are characterized by generalized spike-wave discharges (GSWDs) in electroencephalography (EEG) recordings without underlying structural brain lesions. The origin of the epileptic activity remains unclear, although several studies have reported involvement of thalamus and default mode network (DMN). The aim of the current study was to investigate the networks involved in the generation and temporal evolution of GSWDs to elucidate the origin and propagation of the underlying generalized epileptic activity. Methods We examined 12 patients with GGE and GSWDs using EEG-functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and identified involved brain areas on the basis of a classical general linear model (GLM) analysis. The activation time courses of these areas were further investigated to reveal their temporal sequence of activations and deactivations. Dynamic causal modeling (DCM) was used to determine the generator of GSWDs in GGE. Results We observed activity changes in the thalamus, DMN, dorsal attention network (DAN), salience network (SN), basal ganglia, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and motor cortex with supplementary motor area, however, with a certain heterogeneity between patients. Investigation of the temporal sequence of activity changes showed deactivations in the DMN and DAN and activations in the SN and thalamus preceding the onset of GSWDs on EEG by several seconds. DCM analysis indicated that the DMN gates GSWDs in GGE. Significance The observed interplay between DMN, DAN, SN, and thalamus may indicate a downregulation of consciousness. The DMN seems to play a leading role as a driving force behind these changes. Overall, however, there were also clear differences in activation patterns between patients, reflecting a certain heterogeneity in this cohort of GGE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Klamer
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany
| | - Thomas Ethofer
- Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany.,Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany.,Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience Tübingen Germany
| | - Franziska Torner
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany
| | - Ashish Kaul Sahib
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany.,Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany.,Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience Tübingen Germany
| | - Adham Elshahabi
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany.,Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience Tübingen Germany.,MEG Center University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany
| | - Justus Marquetand
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany
| | - Pascal Martin
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany
| | - Holger Lerche
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany.,Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience Tübingen Germany
| | - Michael Erb
- Department of Biomedical Magnetic Resonance University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany
| | - Niels K Focke
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany.,Werner Reichardt Centre for Integrative Neuroscience Tübingen Germany
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Liao W, Li J, Duan X, Cui Q, Chen H, Chen H. Static and dynamic connectomics differentiate between depressed patients with and without suicidal ideation. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:4105-4118. [PMID: 29962025 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural circuit dysfunction underlies the biological mechanisms of suicidal ideation (SI). However, little is known about how the brain's "dynome" differentiate between depressed patients with and without SI. This study included depressed patients (n = 48) with SI, without SI (NSI), and healthy controls (HC, n = 30). All participants underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. We constructed dynamic and static connectomics on 200 nodes using a sliding window and full-length time-series correlations, respectively. Specifically, the temporal variability of dynamic connectomic was quantified using the variance of topological properties across sliding window. The overall topological properties of both static and dynamic connectomics further differentiated between SI and NSI, and also predicted the severity of SI. The SI showed decreased overall topological properties of static connectomic relative to the HC. The SI exhibited increases in overall topological properties with regard to the dynamic connectomic when compared with the HC and the NSI. Importantly, combining the overall topological properties of dynamic and static connectomics yielded mean 75% accuracy (all p < .001) with mean 71% sensitivity and mean 75% specificity in differentiating between SI and NSI. Moreover, these features may predict the severity of SI (mean r = .55, all p < .05). The findings revealed that combining static and dynamic connectomics could differentiate between SI and NSI, offering new insight into the physiopathological mechanisms underlying SI. Furthermore, combining the brain's connectome and dynome may be considered a neuromarker for diagnostic and predictive models in the study of SI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.,Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Li
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.,Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Xujun Duan
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.,Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Cui
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.,Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.,Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Huafu Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China.,Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, People's Republic of China
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30
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Hu B, Guo Y, Shi F, Zou X, Dong J, Pan L, Yu M, Zhou C, Cheng Z, Tang W, Sun H, Chen L. The generation mechanism of spike-and-slow wave discharges appearing on thalamic relay nuclei. Sci Rep 2018; 8:4953. [PMID: 29563579 PMCID: PMC5862852 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23280-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we use a model modified from classic corticothalamic network(CT) to explore the mechanism of absence seizures appearing on specific relay nuclei (SRN) of the thalamus. It is found that typical seizure states appear on SRN through tuning several critical connection strengths in the model. In view of previous experimental and theoretical works which were mainly on epilepsy seizure phenomena appearing on excitatory pyramidal neurons (EPN) of the cortex, this is a novel model to consider the seizure observed on thalamus. In particular, the onset mechanism is different from previous theoretical studies. Inspired by some previous clinical and experimental studies, we employ the external stimuli voltage on EPN and SRN in the network, and observe that the seizure can be well inhibited by tuning the stimulus intensity appropriately. We further explore the effect of the signal transmission delays on seizures, and found that the polyspike phenomenon appears only when the delay is sufficiently large. The experimental data also confirmed our model. Since there is a complex network in the brain and all organizations are interacting closely with each other, the results obtained in this paper provide not only biological insights into the regulatory mechanisms but also a reference for the prevention and treatment of epilepsy in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Hu
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Yu Guo
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Feng Shi
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Zou
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Long Pan
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Min Yu
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chaowei Zhou
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Zhang Cheng
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Wanyue Tang
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Haochen Sun
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Luonan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, CAS center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
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31
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Kim JH. Grey and White Matter Alterations in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy: A Comprehensive Review. J Epilepsy Res 2017; 7:77-88. [PMID: 29344465 PMCID: PMC5767493 DOI: 10.14581/jer.17013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) has been classified as a syndrome of idiopathic generalized epilepsy and is characterized by a strong genetic basis, age-specific onset of seizures, specific types of seizures, generalized spike-wave discharges on electroencephalography, and a lack of focal abnormality on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Recently, a wide range of advanced neuroimaging techniques have been utilized to elucidate the neuroanatomical substrates and pathophysiological mechanisms underlying JME. Specifically, a number of quantitative MRI studies have reported focal or regional abnormalities of the subcortical and cortical grey matter, particularly the thalamus and frontal cortex, in JME patients. In addition, diffusion tensor imaging studies have pointed to disrupted microstructural integrity of the corpus callosum and multiple frontal white matter tracts as well as thalamofrontal dysconnectivity in JME patients. Converging evidence from neuroimaging studies strongly suggests that JME is a predominantly thalamofrontal network epilepsy, challenging the traditional concept of JME as a generalized epilepsy. There is also limited evidence indicating extrafrontal and extrathalamic involvement in JME. This systematic review outlines the main findings from currently available MRI studies focusing on grey and white matter alterations, and discusses their contributions to the etiology and pathophysiology of JME. The clinical utility, advantages, and drawbacks of each imaging modality are briefly described as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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32
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Jiang S, Luo C, Gong J, Peng R, Ma S, Tan S, Ye G, Dong L, Yao D. Aberrant Thalamocortical Connectivity in Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy. Int J Neural Syst 2017; 28:1750034. [PMID: 28830309 DOI: 10.1142/s0129065717500344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional connectivity (FC) of thalamic subdivisions in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data were acquired from 22 JME and 25 healthy controls. We first divided the thalamus into eight subdivisions by performing independent component analysis on tracking fibers and clustering thalamus-related FC maps. We then analyzed abnormal FC in each subdivision in JME compared with healthy controls, and we investigated their associations with clinical features. Eight thalamic sub-regions identified in the current study showed unbalanced thalamic FC in JME: decreased FC with the superior frontal gyrus and enhanced FC with the supplementary motor area in the posterior thalamus increased thalamic FC with the salience network (SN) and reduced FC with the default mode network (DMN). Abnormalities in thalamo-prefrontocortical networks might be related to the propagation of generalized spikes with frontocentral predominance in JME, and the network connectivity differences with the SN and DMN might be implicated in emotional and cognitive defects in JME. JME was also associated with enhanced FC among thalamic sub-regions and with the basal ganglia and cerebellum, suggesting the regulatory role of subcortical nuclei and the cerebellum on the thalamo-cortical circuit. Additionally, increased FC with the pallidum was positive related with the duration of disease. The present study provides emerging evidence of FC to understand that specific thalamic subdivisions contribute to the abnormalities of thalamic-cortical networks in JME. Moreover, the posterior thalamus could play a crucial role in generalized epileptic activity in JME.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Jiang
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - C. Luo
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - J. Gong
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - R. Peng
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - S. Ma
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
- Neurology Department, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, The affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - S. Tan
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
- Neurology Department, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, The affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - G. Ye
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - L. Dong
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
| | - D. Yao
- The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, Center for Information in Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, P. R. China
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Mayorova LA, Samotaeva IS, Lebedeva NN, Luzin RV, Gaskin VV, Rider FK, Teplyshova AM, Akzhigitov RG, Guekht AB. [Neuronet restructuring in focal and generalized epilepsy according to resting state fMRI]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2017; 117:4-9. [PMID: 29213031 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2017117924-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
AIM To compare neuronet restructuring in focal and generalized epilepsy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventy-seven patients, aged from 18 to 65 years, with the diagnosis of epilepsy, including 63 patients with focal epilepsy and 14 with generalized epilepsy, were examined. A control group included 23 healthy people. Neuronet restructuring was studied using fMRI. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION According to resting state fMRI, there were between-group differences in spatial organization (activity map) of the brain structures as well as in the results of cross-correlation analysis of interaction maps of resting-state networks. It has been concluded that functional restructuring in connectomes in focal and generalized epilepsy have the opposite patterns of disorganization (toward increase or decrease) in most structures studied though there are structures with the same direction of connectivity changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Mayorova
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia
| | - I S Samotaeva
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia
| | - N N Lebedeva
- Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia; Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia
| | - R V Luzin
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Gaskin
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia
| | - F K Rider
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia
| | - A M Teplyshova
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia
| | - R G Akzhigitov
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia
| | - A B Guekht
- Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow, Russia; Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
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Kim JH, Kim JB, Suh SI, Kim DW. Subcortical grey matter changes in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL 2017; 17:397-404. [PMID: 29159052 PMCID: PMC5683808 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent neuroimaging studies have provided converging evidence of structural and functional abnormalities of the thalamus in patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME). There has also been limited evidence indicating involvement of the subcortical grey matter structures other than thalamus in JME, but with inconsistent findings across the studies. In the present study, we combined volumetric MRI and diffusion tensor imaging analyses to investigate macrostructural and microstructural alterations of the subcortical grey matter in 64 JME patients compared to 58 matched control subjects. Raw volume, fractional anisotropy (FA), and mean diffusivity (MD) of 6 subcortical grey matter structures (amygdala, hippocampus, caudate, pallidum, putamen, thalamus) were measured in both hemispheres. Between-group (controls versus patients) comparisons of normalized volume, FA, and MD, as well as within-group (patients) correlation analyses between structural changes and clinical variables were carried out. Compared to controls, JME patients exhibited significant volume reductions in left pallidum and bilateral putamen and thalamus. Duration of epilepsy negatively correlated with bilateral putamen volumes. Patients and controls did not differ in FA values of all structures. Compared to controls, JME patients showed significant MD increases in left pallidum and bilateral hippocampus, putamen, and thalamus. Significant positive correlations were found between duration of epilepsy and MD values of bilateral hippocampus and thalamus. We have provided evidence that macrostructural and microstructural abnormalities may not only be confined to the thalamus but also affect basal ganglia and hippocampus in JME. Our findings could further support the pathophysiological hypothesis of striato-thalamo-frontal network abnormality underlying JME, and may implicate disease progression. Reduced volumes of left pallidum and bilateral putamen and thalamus in JME patients Negative correlation between disease duration and putamen volumes Increased MD of left pallidum and bilateral hippocampus, putamen, and thalamus in JME patients Positive correlation between disease duration and MD of bilateral hippocampus and thalamus Structural changes may not only be confined to the thalamus but also affect basal ganglia and hippocampus in JME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jung Bin Kim
- Department of Neurology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Il Suh
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Neurology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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35
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Sweeney-Reed CM, Zaehle T, Voges J, Schmitt FC, Buentjen L, Borchardt V, Walter M, Hinrichs H, Heinze HJ, Rugg MD, Knight RT. Anterior Thalamic High Frequency Band Activity Is Coupled with Theta Oscillations at Rest. Front Hum Neurosci 2017; 11:358. [PMID: 28775684 PMCID: PMC5518534 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross-frequency coupling (CFC) between slow and fast brain rhythms, in the form of phase–amplitude coupling (PAC), is proposed to enable the coordination of neural oscillatory activity required for cognitive processing. PAC has been identified in the neocortex and mesial temporal regions, varying according to the cognitive task being performed and also at rest. PAC has also been observed in the anterior thalamic nucleus (ATN) during memory processing. The thalamus is active during the resting state and has been proposed to be involved in switching between task-free cognitive states such as rest, in which attention is internally-focused, and externally-focused cognitive states, in which an individual engages with environmental stimuli. It is unknown whether PAC is an ongoing phenomenon during the resting state in the ATN, which is modulated during different cognitive states, or whether it only arises during the performance of specific tasks. We analyzed electrophysiological recordings of ATN activity during rest from seven patients who received thalamic electrodes implanted for treatment of pharmacoresistant focal epilepsy. PAC was identified between theta (4–6 Hz) phase and high frequency band (80–150 Hz) amplitude during rest in all seven patients, which diminished during engagement in tasks involving an external focus of attention. The findings are consistent with the proposal that theta–gamma coupling in the ATN is an ongoing phenomenon, which is modulated by task performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Sweeney-Reed
- Departments of Neurology and Stereotactic Neurosurgery, Otto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany
| | - Tino Zaehle
- Departments of Neurology and Stereotactic Neurosurgery, Otto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Voges
- Departments of Neurology and Stereotactic Neurosurgery, Otto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany.,Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburg, Germany
| | - Friedhelm C Schmitt
- Departments of Neurology and Stereotactic Neurosurgery, Otto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany
| | - Lars Buentjen
- Departments of Neurology and Stereotactic Neurosurgery, Otto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany
| | - Viola Borchardt
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburg, Germany
| | - Martin Walter
- Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburg, Germany.,Department of Psychiatry, Eberhard Karls UniversityTübingen, Germany
| | - Hermann Hinrichs
- Departments of Neurology and Stereotactic Neurosurgery, Otto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany.,Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburg, Germany.,German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jochen Heinze
- Departments of Neurology and Stereotactic Neurosurgery, Otto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany.,Department of Behavioral Neurology, Leibniz Institute for NeurobiologyMagdeburg, Germany.,German Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Otto von Guericke UniversityMagdeburg, Germany
| | - Michael D Rugg
- Center for Vital Longevity and School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of TexasDallas, TX, United States
| | - Robert T Knight
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute and Department of Psychology, University of California, BerkeleyBerkeley, CA, United States
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36
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Du L, Zeng J, Liu H, Tang D, Meng H, Li Y, Fu Y. Fronto-limbic disconnection in depressed patients with suicidal ideation: A resting-state functional connectivity study. J Affect Disord 2017; 215:213-217. [PMID: 28340447 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Revised: 01/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidal ideation (SI) is highly prevalent and a known symptom of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), but its underlying biological mechanisms are relatively unknown. Several studies linked suicidal ideation to dysfunctional brain circuits, specifically fronto-limbic connections. The purpose of this work was to investigate fronto-limbic disconnection in MDD patients with or without SI. METHODS MDD patients with SI (SI, n=28) or without SI (NSI, n=20), identified by the Scale for Suicide Ideation and healthy controls (HCs, n=30) underwent resting-state functional MRI scanning. The functional properties of correlations in neural activity (intrinsic functional connectivity, iFC) of the rostral anterior cingulate cortex (rACC) were analyzed among the three groups. Furthermore, correlation analyses between iFC, SI severity and depression severity were performed. RESULTS We found that the SI group exhibited decreased iFC between the rACC, the orbitomedial prefrontal cortex and the right middle temporal pole compared to HCs and NSI groups. The NSI group showed decreased iFC between the rACC and the orbitomedial prefrontal cortex compared to HCs. In the SI group, iFC strength between the right rACC and the middle temporal pole positively correlated with SI severity. CONCLUSION Transdiagnostic and diagnosis-specific alterations of fronto-limbic iFC were found in MDD patients with or without SI. Disrupted fronto-limbic circuits may impact decision-making and emotional processing in SI. These results provide useful information about the pathophysiological mechanisms of MDD patients with SI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Du
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Jinkun Zeng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Dejian Tang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Huaqing Meng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China
| | - Yongmei Li
- Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
| | - Yixiao Fu
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, PR China.
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37
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Richard AE, Scheffer IE, Wilson SJ. Features of the broader autism phenotype in people with epilepsy support shared mechanisms between epilepsy and autism spectrum disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 75:203-233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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38
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Long Z, Xu Q, Miao HH, Yu Y, Ding MP, Chen H, Liu ZR, Liao W. Thalamocortical dysconnectivity in paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia: Combining functional magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging. Mov Disord 2017; 32:592-600. [PMID: 28186667 DOI: 10.1002/mds.26905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Long
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of Ministry of Education, Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Chengdu P.R. China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital; Nanjing University School of Medicine; Nanjing P.R. China
| | - Huan-Huan Miao
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou P.R. China
| | - Yang Yu
- Mental Health Education and Counseling Center; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou China
| | - Mei-Ping Ding
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Medial College; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou P.R. China
| | - Huafu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of Ministry of Education, Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Chengdu P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Rong Liu
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Medial College; Zhejiang University; Hangzhou P.R. China
| | - Wei Liao
- Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation of Ministry of Education, Center for Information in BioMedicine, School of Life Science and Technology; University of Electronic Science and Technology of China; Chengdu P.R. China
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital; Nanjing University School of Medicine; Nanjing P.R. China
- Center for Cognition and Brain Disorders and the Affiliated Hospital; Hangzhou Normal University; Hangzhou P.R. China
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Extraversion and neuroticism related to the resting-state effective connectivity of amygdala. Sci Rep 2016; 6:35484. [PMID: 27765947 PMCID: PMC5073227 DOI: 10.1038/srep35484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The amygdala plays a key role in emotion processing. Its functional connectivity with other brain regions has been extensively demonstrated to be associated with extraversion and neuroticism. However, how the amygdala affects other regions and is affected by others within these connectivity patterns associated with extraversion and neuroticism remains unclear. To address this issue, we investigated the effective connectivity of the amygdala using Granger causality analysis on the resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data of 70 participants. Results showed that extraversion was positively correlated with the influence from the right inferior occipital gyrus (IOG) to the left amygdala, and from the bilateral IOG to the right amygdala; such result may represent the neural correlates of social interactions in extraverts. Conversely, neuroticism was associated with an increased influence from right amygdala to right middle frontal gyrus and a decreased influence from right precuneus to right amygdala. This influence might affect the modulations of cognitive regulation function and self-referential processes in neurotic individuals. These findings highlight the importance of the causal influences of amygdala in explaining the individual differences in extraversion and neuroticism, and offer further insights into the specific neural networks underlying personality.
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40
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Linane A, Lagrange AH, Fu C, Abou-Khalil B. Generalized onset seizures with focal evolution (GOFE) - A unique seizure type in the setting of generalized epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav 2016; 54:20-9. [PMID: 26619379 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We report clinical and electrographic features of generalized onset seizures with focal evolution (GOFE) and present arguments for the inclusion of this seizure type in the seizure classification. METHODS The adult and pediatric Epilepsy Monitoring Unit databases at Vanderbilt Medical Center and Children's Hospital were screened to identify generalized onset seizures with focal evolution. We reviewed medical records for epilepsy characteristics, epilepsy risk factors, MRI abnormalities, neurologic examination, antiepileptic medications before and after diagnosis, and response to medications. We also reviewed ictal and interictal EEG tracings, as well as video-recorded semiology. RESULTS Ten patients were identified, 7 males and 3 females. All of the patients developed generalized epilepsy in childhood or adolescence (ages 3-15years). Generalized onset seizures with focal evolution developed years after onset in 9 patients, with a semiology concerning for focal seizures or nonepileptic events. Ictal discharges had a generalized onset on EEG, described as either generalized spike-and-wave and/or polyspike-and-wave discharges, or generalized fast activity. This electrographic activity then evolved to focal rhythmic activity most commonly localized to one temporal or frontal region; five patients had multiple seizures evolving to focal activity in different regions of both hemispheres. The predominant interictal epileptiform activity included generalized spike-and-wave and/or polyspike-and-wave discharges in all patients. Taking into consideration all clinical and EEG data, six patients were classified with genetic (idiopathic) generalized epilepsy, and four were classified with structural/metabolic (symptomatic) generalized epilepsy. All of the patients had modifications to their medications following discharge, with three becoming seizure-free and five responding with >50% reduction in seizure frequency. CONCLUSION Generalized onset seizures may occasionally have focal evolution with semiology suggestive of focal seizures, leading to a misdiagnosis of focal onset. This unique seizure type may occur with genetic as well as structural/metabolic forms of epilepsy. The identification of this seizure type may help clinicians choose appropriate medications, avoiding narrow spectrum agents known to aggravate generalized onset seizures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avriel Linane
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Andre H Lagrange
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Cary Fu
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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