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Darsaut TE, Findlay JM, Bojanowski MW, Chalaala C, Iancu D, Roy D, Weill A, Boisseau W, Diouf A, Magro E, Kotowski M, Keough MB, Estrade L, Bricout N, Lejeune JP, Chow MMC, O'Kelly CJ, Rempel JL, Ashforth RA, Lesiuk H, Sinclair J, Erdenebold UE, Wong JH, Scholtes F, Martin D, Otto B, Bilocq A, Truffer E, Butcher K, Fox AJ, Arthur AS, Létourneau-Guillon L, Guilbert F, Chagnon M, Zehr J, Farzin B, Gevry G, Raymond J. A Pragmatic Randomized Trial Comparing Surgical Clipping and Endovascular Treatment of Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:634-640. [PMID: 37169541 PMCID: PMC10249696 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Surgical clipping and endovascular treatment are commonly used in patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms. We compared the safety and efficacy of the 2 treatments in a randomized trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS Clipping or endovascular treatments were randomly allocated to patients with one or more 3- to 25-mm unruptured intracranial aneurysms judged treatable both ways by participating physicians. The study hypothesized that clipping would decrease the incidence of treatment failure from 13% to 4%, a composite primary outcome defined as failure of aneurysm occlusion, intracranial hemorrhage during follow-up, or residual aneurysms at 1 year, as adjudicated by a core lab. Safety outcomes included new neurologic deficits following treatment, hospitalization of >5 days, and overall morbidity and mortality (mRS > 2) at 1 year. There was no blinding. RESULTS Two hundred ninety-one patients were enrolled from 2010 to 2020 in 7 centers. The 1-year primary outcome, ascertainable in 290/291 (99%) patients, was reached in 13/142 (9%; 95% CI, 5%-15%) patients allocated to surgery and in 28/148 (19%; 95% CI, 13%-26%) patients allocated to endovascular treatments (relative risk: 2.07; 95% CI, 1.12-3.83; P = .021). Morbidity and mortality (mRS >2) at 1 year occurred in 3/143 and 3/148 (2%; 95% CI, 1%-6%) patients allocated to surgery and endovascular treatments, respectively. Neurologic deficits (32/143, 22%; 95% CI, 16%-30% versus 19/148, 12%; 95% CI, 8%-19%; relative risk: 1.74; 95% CI, 1.04-2.92; P = .04) and hospitalizations beyond 5 days (69/143, 48%; 95% CI, 40%-56% versus 12/148, 8%; 95% CI, 5%-14%; relative risk: 0.18; 95% CI, 0.11-0.31; P < .001) were more frequent after surgery. CONCLUSIONS Surgical clipping is more effective than endovascular treatment of unruptured intracranial aneurysms in terms of the frequency of the primary outcome of treatment failure. Results were mainly driven by angiographic results at 1 year.
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Darsaut
- From the Division of Neurosurgery (T.E.D., J.M.F., M.B.K., M.M.C.C., C.J.O.)
| | - J M Findlay
- From the Division of Neurosurgery (T.E.D., J.M.F., M.B.K., M.M.C.C., C.J.O.)
| | | | | | - D Iancu
- Department of Surgery, and Service of Neuroradiology (D.I., D.R., A.W., W.B., A.D., M.K., L.L.-G., F.G., J.R.), Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - D Roy
- Department of Surgery, and Service of Neuroradiology (D.I., D.R., A.W., W.B., A.D., M.K., L.L.-G., F.G., J.R.), Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - A Weill
- Department of Surgery, and Service of Neuroradiology (D.I., D.R., A.W., W.B., A.D., M.K., L.L.-G., F.G., J.R.), Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - W Boisseau
- Department of Surgery, and Service of Neuroradiology (D.I., D.R., A.W., W.B., A.D., M.K., L.L.-G., F.G., J.R.), Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - A Diouf
- Department of Surgery, and Service of Neuroradiology (D.I., D.R., A.W., W.B., A.D., M.K., L.L.-G., F.G., J.R.), Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - E Magro
- Service of Neurosurgery (E.M.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Cavale Blanche, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Unité Mixte de Recherche 1101 LaTIM, Brest, France
| | - M Kotowski
- Department of Surgery, and Service of Neuroradiology (D.I., D.R., A.W., W.B., A.D., M.K., L.L.-G., F.G., J.R.), Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - M B Keough
- From the Division of Neurosurgery (T.E.D., J.M.F., M.B.K., M.M.C.C., C.J.O.)
| | - L Estrade
- Interventional Neuroradiology (L.E., N.B.)
| | - N Bricout
- Interventional Neuroradiology (L.E., N.B.)
| | - J-P Lejeune
- Service of Neurosurgery (J.-P.L.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - M M C Chow
- From the Division of Neurosurgery (T.E.D., J.M.F., M.B.K., M.M.C.C., C.J.O.)
| | - C J O'Kelly
- From the Division of Neurosurgery (T.E.D., J.M.F., M.B.K., M.M.C.C., C.J.O.)
| | - J L Rempel
- Department of Surgery, and Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging (J.L.R., R.A.A.), Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - R A Ashforth
- Department of Surgery, and Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging (J.L.R., R.A.A.), Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - H Lesiuk
- Section of Neurosurgery (H.L., J.S.)
| | | | - U-E Erdenebold
- Department of Surgery, and Department of Medical Imaging (U.-E.E.), Section of Interventional Neuroradiology, Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - J H Wong
- Division of Neurosurgery (J.H.W.), Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - F Scholtes
- Departments of Neurosurgery (F.S., D.M.)
| | - D Martin
- Departments of Neurosurgery (F.S., D.M.)
| | - B Otto
- Medical Physics (B.O.), Division of Medical Imaging, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - A Bilocq
- Service of Neurosurgery (A.B., E.T.), Centre Hospitalier Régional de Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - E Truffer
- Service of Neurosurgery (A.B., E.T.), Centre Hospitalier Régional de Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - K Butcher
- Clinical Neurosciences (K.B.), Prince of Wales Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - A J Fox
- Department of Medical Imaging (A.J.F.), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - A S Arthur
- Department of Neurosurgery (A.S.A.), University of Tennessee Health Science Center and Semmes-Murphey Clinic, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - L Létourneau-Guillon
- Department of Surgery, and Service of Neuroradiology (D.I., D.R., A.W., W.B., A.D., M.K., L.L.-G., F.G., J.R.), Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - F Guilbert
- Department of Surgery, and Service of Neuroradiology (D.I., D.R., A.W., W.B., A.D., M.K., L.L.-G., F.G., J.R.), Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - M Chagnon
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics (M.C., J.Z.), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - J Zehr
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics (M.C., J.Z.), Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - B Farzin
- Research Centre of the University of Montreal Hospital Centre (B.F., G.G., J.R.), Interventional Neuroradiology Research Laboratory, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - G Gevry
- Research Centre of the University of Montreal Hospital Centre (B.F., G.G., J.R.), Interventional Neuroradiology Research Laboratory, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - J Raymond
- Department of Surgery, and Service of Neuroradiology (D.I., D.R., A.W., W.B., A.D., M.K., L.L.-G., F.G., J.R.), Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
- Research Centre of the University of Montreal Hospital Centre (B.F., G.G., J.R.), Interventional Neuroradiology Research Laboratory, Montreal, Québec, Canada
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Raymond J, Iancu D, Boisseau W, Diestro JDB, Klink R, Chagnon M, Zehr J, Drake B, Lesiuk H, Weill A, Roy D, Bojanowski MW, Chaalala C, Rempel JL, O'Kelly C, Chow MM, Bracard S, Darsaut TE. Flow Diversion in the Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms: A Pragmatic Randomized Care Trial. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2022; 43:1244-1251. [PMID: 35926886 PMCID: PMC9451626 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Flow diversion is a recent endovascular treatment for intracranial aneurysms. We compared the safety and efficacy of flow diversion with the alternative standard management options. MATERIALS AND METHODS A parallel group, prerandomized, controlled, open-label pragmatic trial was conducted in 3 Canadian centers. The trial included all patients considered for flow diversion. A Web-based platform 1:1 randomly allocated patients to flow diversion or 1 of 4 alternative standard management options (coiling with/without stent placement, parent vessel occlusion, surgical clipping, or observation) as prespecified by clinical judgment. Patients ineligible for alternative standard management options were treated with flow diversion in a registry. The primary safety outcome was death or dependency (mRS > 2) at 3 months. The composite primary efficacy outcome included the core lab-determined angiographic presence of a residual aneurysm, aneurysm rupture, progressive mass effect during follow-up, or death or dependency (mRS > 2) at 3-12 months. RESULTS Between May 2011 and November 2020, three hundred twenty-three patients were recruited: Two hundred seventy-eight patients (86%) had treatment randomly allocated (139 to flow diversion and 139 to alternative standard management options), and 45 (14%) received flow diversion in the registry. Patients in the randomized trial frequently had unruptured (83%), large (52% ≥10 mm) carotid (64%) aneurysms. Death or dependency at 3 months occurred in 16/138 patients who underwent flow diversion and 12/137 patients receiving alternative standard management options (relative risk, 1.33; 95% CI, 0.65-2.69; P = .439). A poor primary efficacy outcome was found in 30.9% (43/139) with flow diversion and 45.6% (62/136) of patients receiving alternative standard management options, with an absolute risk difference of 14.7% (95% CI, 3.3%-26.0%; relative risk, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.50-0.92; P = .014). CONCLUSIONS For patients with mostly unruptured, large, anterior circulation (carotid) aneurysms, flow diversion was more effective than the alternative standard management option in terms of angiographic outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Raymond
- From the Department of Radiology (J.R., D.I., W.B., J.D.B.D., R.K., A.W., D.R.), Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - D Iancu
- From the Department of Radiology (J.R., D.I., W.B., J.D.B.D., R.K., A.W., D.R.), Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Departments of Radiology (D.I.)
| | - W Boisseau
- From the Department of Radiology (J.R., D.I., W.B., J.D.B.D., R.K., A.W., D.R.), Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J D B Diestro
- From the Department of Radiology (J.R., D.I., W.B., J.D.B.D., R.K., A.W., D.R.), Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - R Klink
- From the Department of Radiology (J.R., D.I., W.B., J.D.B.D., R.K., A.W., D.R.), Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Chagnon
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics (M.C., J.Z.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - J Zehr
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics (M.C., J.Z.), Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - B Drake
- Surgery (B.D., H.L.), Ottawa Hospital, Civic Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - H Lesiuk
- Surgery (B.D., H.L.), Ottawa Hospital, Civic Campus, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - A Weill
- From the Department of Radiology (J.R., D.I., W.B., J.D.B.D., R.K., A.W., D.R.), Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - D Roy
- From the Department of Radiology (J.R., D.I., W.B., J.D.B.D., R.K., A.W., D.R.), Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M W Bojanowski
- Department of Neurosurgery (M.W.B., C.C.), Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Notre-Dame Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - C Chaalala
- Department of Neurosurgery (M.W.B., C.C.), Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Notre-Dame Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - C O'Kelly
- Surgery (C.O., M.M.C., T.E.D.), Division of Neurosurgery, University of Alberta Hospital, Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - M M Chow
- Surgery (C.O., M.M.C., T.E.D.), Division of Neurosurgery, University of Alberta Hospital, Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - S Bracard
- Neuroradiology (S.B.), CHRU de Nancy, Nancy, Lorraine, France
| | - T E Darsaut
- Surgery (C.O., M.M.C., T.E.D.), Division of Neurosurgery, University of Alberta Hospital, Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Long-term clinical and angiographic outcome of the Woven EndoBridge (WEB) for endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms. Sci Rep 2022; 12:11467. [PMID: 35794159 PMCID: PMC9259699 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14945-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The Woven EndoBridge (WEB) is a well-established device for endovascular treatment of wide-necked bifurcation aneurysms. The objective was to evaluate the long-term angiographic outcome of the WEB and to identify factors that influence aneurysm occlusion. Patient, aneurysm and procedural characteristics of 213 consecutive patients treated with the WEB at three German tertiary care centers between 2011 and 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. Aneurysm occlusion was determined immediately after the procedure, at mid-term (≤ 12 months) and at long-term (> 12 months) follow-up. Among 182 included aneurysms (mean diameter: 7.0 ± 2.4, mean neck width: 4.3 ± 1.6 mm), 29.7% were ruptured. The novel WEB 17 was used in 41.8%, and 11.0% were treated in combination with coiling and/or stenting. Complete and adequate occlusions were observed in 101/155 (65.2%) and 133/155 (85.8%) at mid-term, respectively, and in 59/94 (62.8%) and 87/94 (92.6%) at long-term follow-up (median: 19 months), respectively. Among 92 patients available for both mid- and long-term follow-up, occlusion was stable in 72.8%, improved in 16.3% and worsened in 10.9%. There were no major recurrences leading to aneurysm remnants between mid- and long-term follow-up. Retreatment was performed in 10/155 (6.5%) during mid-term and in 1/94 (1.0%) during long-term follow-up. The WEB provides durable aneurysm occlusion at the long-term. Nevertheless, follow-up imaging is necessary to identify late recurrences that may occur in around 10%.
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Raymond J, Benomar A, Darsaut TE. Understanding the reliability of trial outcome measures: The example of angiographic results of surgical or endovascular treatments of aneurysms. Neurochirurgie 2022; 68:485-487. [PMID: 35654613 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2022.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The reliability of outcome measures is of central importance in clinical research. Studies of reliability remain rare in the neurovascular field. METHODS A narrative review of the history (1997-2021) of reporting angiographic results of the surgical or endovascular treatments of aneurysms serves to illustrate the importance of precisely defining outcome measures. We also review how the reliability of an angiographic classification system was studied. DISCUSSION Outcome measures are commonly used without precise definitions. When definitions or classification systems exist, they are rarely verified for their reliability. Twenty-five years following its introduction, a classification of angiographic results of aneurysm treatments is still being studied and modified. CONCLUSION The reliability of outcome measures should be made a research priority if we are to practice outcome-based medical or surgical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Raymond
- Department of Radiology, service of Neuroradiology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - A Benomar
- Department of Radiology, service of Neuroradiology, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - T E Darsaut
- Department of Surgery, division of Neurosurgery, University of Alberta hospital, Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Benomar A, Farzin B, Gevry G, Boisseau W, Roy D, Weill A, Iancu D, Guilbert F, Létourneau-Guillon L, Jacquin G, Chaalala C, Bojanowski MW, Labidi M, Fahed R, Volders D, Nguyen TN, Gentric JC, Magro E, Boulouis G, Forestier G, Hak JF, Ghostine JS, Kaderali Z, Shankar JJ, Kotowski M, Darsaut TE, Raymond J. Noninvasive Angiographic Results of Clipped or Coiled Intracranial Aneurysms: An Inter- and Intraobserver Reliability Study. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:1615-1620. [PMID: 34326106 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Noninvasive angiography is commonly used to assess the outcome of surgical or endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms in clinical series or randomized trials. We sought to assess whether a standardized 3-grade classification system could be reliably used to compare the CTA and MRA results of both treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic portfolio composed of CTAs of 30 clipped and MRAs of 30 coiled aneurysms was independently evaluated by 24 raters of diverse experience and training backgrounds. Twenty raters performed a second evaluation 1 month later. Raters were asked which angiographic grade and management decision (retreatment; close or long-term follow-up) would be most appropriate for each case. Agreement was analyzed using the Krippendorff α (αK) statistic, and the relationship between angiographic grade and clinical management choice, using the Fisher exact and Cramer V tests. RESULTS Interrater agreement was substantial (αK = 0.63; 95% CI, 0.55-0.70); results were slightly better for MRA results of coiling (αK = 0.69; 95% CI, 0.56-0.76) than for CTA results of clipping (αK = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.44-0.69). Intrarater agreement was substantial to almost perfect. Interrater agreement regarding clinical management was moderate for both clipped (αK = 0.49; 95% CI, 0.32-0.61) and coiled subgroups (αK = 0.47; 95% CI, 0.34-0.54). The choice of clinical management was strongly associated with the size of the residuum (mean Cramer V = 0.77 [SD, 0.14]), but complete occlusions (grade 1) were followed more closely after coiling than after clipping (P = .01). CONCLUSIONS A standardized 3-grade scale was found to be a reliable and clinically meaningful tool to compare the results of clipping and coiling of aneurysms using CTA or MRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Benomar
- From the Department of Radiology (A.B., B.F., G.G., W.B., D.R., A.W., D.I., F.G., L.L.-G., J.R.)
| | - B Farzin
- From the Department of Radiology (A.B., B.F., G.G., W.B., D.R., A.W., D.I., F.G., L.L.-G., J.R.)
| | - G Gevry
- From the Department of Radiology (A.B., B.F., G.G., W.B., D.R., A.W., D.I., F.G., L.L.-G., J.R.)
| | - W Boisseau
- From the Department of Radiology (A.B., B.F., G.G., W.B., D.R., A.W., D.I., F.G., L.L.-G., J.R.)
| | - D Roy
- From the Department of Radiology (A.B., B.F., G.G., W.B., D.R., A.W., D.I., F.G., L.L.-G., J.R.)
| | - A Weill
- From the Department of Radiology (A.B., B.F., G.G., W.B., D.R., A.W., D.I., F.G., L.L.-G., J.R.)
| | - D Iancu
- From the Department of Radiology (A.B., B.F., G.G., W.B., D.R., A.W., D.I., F.G., L.L.-G., J.R.)
| | - F Guilbert
- From the Department of Radiology (A.B., B.F., G.G., W.B., D.R., A.W., D.I., F.G., L.L.-G., J.R.)
| | - L Létourneau-Guillon
- From the Department of Radiology (A.B., B.F., G.G., W.B., D.R., A.W., D.I., F.G., L.L.-G., J.R.)
| | - G Jacquin
- Department of Medicine, Division of Neurology (G.J.)
| | - C Chaalala
- Division of Neurosurgery (C.C., M.W.B., M.L.), Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M W Bojanowski
- Division of Neurosurgery (C.C., M.W.B., M.L.), Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - M Labidi
- Division of Neurosurgery (C.C., M.W.B., M.L.), Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - R Fahed
- Division ofNeurology (R.F.), The Ottawa Hospital Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - D Volders
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology (D.V.), Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - T N Nguyen
- Departments of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Radiology (T.N.N.), Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - J-C Gentric
- Departments of Interventional Neuroradiology (J.-C.G.)
| | - E Magro
- Neurosurgery (E.M.), Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche, Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Brest, Brest, France
| | - G Boulouis
- Department of Neuroradiology (G.B.), Centre Hospitalier Régional et Universitaire de Tours, Tours, France
| | - G Forestier
- Department of Neuroradiology (G.F.), University Hospital of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - J-F Hak
- Department of Medical Imaging (J.-F.H.), University Hospital Timone Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - J S Ghostine
- Department of Radiology (J.S.G.), Jean-Talon Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - J J Shankar
- Department of Radiology (J.J.S.), Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - M Kotowski
- Department of Neurosurgery (M.K.), Hôpital de la Providence, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - T E Darsaut
- Department of Surgery (T.E.D.), Division of Neurosurgery,Walter C. Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - J Raymond
- From the Department of Radiology (A.B., B.F., G.G., W.B., D.R., A.W., D.I., F.G., L.L.-G., J.R.)
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Angiographic results of surgical or endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms: a systematic review and inter-observer reliability study. Neuroradiology 2021; 63:1511-1519. [PMID: 33625550 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-021-02676-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Results of surgical or endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms are often assessed using angiography. A reliable method to report results irrespective of treatment modality is needed to enable comparisons. Our goals were to systematically review existing classification systems, and to propose a 3-point classification applicable to both treatments and assess its reliability. METHODS We conducted two systematic reviews on classification systems of angiographic results after clipping or coiling to select a simple 3-category scale that could apply to both treatments. We then circulated an electronic portfolio of angiograms of clipped (n=30) or coiled (n=30) aneurysms, and asked raters to evaluate the degree of occlusion using this scale. Raters were also asked to choose an appropriate follow-up management for each patient based on the degree of occlusion. Agreement was assessed using Krippendorff's α statistics (αK), and relationship between occlusion grade and clinical management was analyzed using Fisher's exact and Cramer's V tests. RESULTS The systematic reviews found 70 different grading scales with heterogeneous reliability (kappa values from 0.12 to 1.00). The 60-patient portfolio was independently evaluated by 19 raters of diverse backgrounds (neurosurgery, radiology, and neurology) and experience. There was substantial agreement (αK=0.76, 95%CI, 0.67-0.83) between raters, regardless of background, experience, or treatment used. Intra-rater agreement ranged from moderate to almost perfect. A strong relationship was found between angiographic grades and management decisions (Cramer's V: 0.80±0.12). CONCLUSION A simple 3-point scale demonstrated sufficient reliability to be used in reporting aneurysm treatments or in evaluating treatment results in comparative randomized trials.
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Darsaut TE, Keough MB, Sagga A, Chan VKY, Diouf A, Boisseau W, Magro E, Kotowski M, Roy D, Weill A, Iancu D, Bojanowski MW, Chaalala C, Bilocq A, Estrade L, Lejeune JP, Bricout N, Scholtes F, Martin D, Otto B, Findlay JM, Chow MM, O'Kelly CJ, Ashforth RA, Rempel JL, Lesiuk H, Sinclair J, Altschul DJ, Arikan F, Guilbert F, Chagnon M, Farzin B, Gevry G, Raymond J. Surgical or Endovascular Management of Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysms: A Randomized Comparison. World Neurosurg 2021; 149:e521-e534. [PMID: 33556601 DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2021.01.142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There are few randomized data comparing clipping and coiling for middle cerebral artery (MCA) aneurysms. We analyzed results from patients with MCA aneurysms enrolled in the CURES (Collaborative UnRuptured Endovascular vs. Surgery) and ISAT-2 (International Subarachnoid Aneurysm Trial II) randomized trials. METHODS Both trials are investigator-led parallel-group 1:1 randomized studies. CURES includes patients with 3-mm to 25-mm unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs), and ISAT-2 includes patients with ruptured aneurysms (RA) for whom uncertainty remains after ISAT. The primary outcome measure of CURES is treatment failure: 1) failure to treat the aneurysm, 2) intracranial hemorrhage during follow-up, or 3) residual aneurysm at 1 year. The primary outcome of ISAT-2 is death or dependency (modified Rankin Scale score >2) at 1 year. One-year angiographic outcomes are systematically recorded. RESULTS There were 100 unruptured and 71 ruptured MCA aneurysms. In CURES, 90 patients with UIA have been treated and 10 await treatment. Surgical and endovascular management of unruptured MCA aneurysms led to treatment failure in 3/42 (7%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.02-0.19) for clipping and 13/48 (27%; 95% CI, 0.17-0.41) for coiling (P = 0.025). All 71 patients with RA have been treated. In ISAT-2, patients with ruptured MCA aneurysms managed surgically had died or were dependent (modified Rankin Scale score >2) in 7/38 (18%; 95% CI, 0.09-0.33) cases, and 8/33 (24%; 95% CI, 0.13-0.41) for endovascular. One-year imaging results were available in 80 patients with UIA and 62 with RA. Complete aneurysm occlusion was found in 30/40 (75%; 95% CI, 0.60-0.86) patients with UIA allocated clipping, and 14/40 (35%; 95% CI, 0.22-0.50) patients with UIA allocated coiling. Complete aneurysm occlusion was found in 24/34 (71%; 95% CI, 0.54-0.83) patients with RA allocated clipping, and 15/28 (54%; 95% CI, 0.36-0.70) patients with RA allocated coiling. CONCLUSIONS Randomized data from 2 trials show that better efficacy may be obtained with surgical management of patients with MCA aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim E Darsaut
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael B Keough
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Abdelaziz Sagga
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vivien K Y Chan
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ange Diouf
- Service of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - William Boisseau
- Service of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Elsa Magro
- Service of Neurosurgery, CHU Cavale Blanche, InsermUMR 1101 LaTIM, Brest, France
| | - Marc Kotowski
- Service of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniel Roy
- Service of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alain Weill
- Service of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Daniela Iancu
- Service of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Michel W Bojanowski
- Service of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chiraz Chaalala
- Service of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alain Bilocq
- Centre Hospitalier Régional de Trois-Rivières Service of Neurosurgery, Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada
| | - Laurent Estrade
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Jean-Paul Lejeune
- Department of Neurosurgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Nicolas Bricout
- Department of Interventional Neuroradiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Felix Scholtes
- Department of Neurosurgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Didier Martin
- Department of Neurosurgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bernard Otto
- Division of Medical Imaging, Department of Medical Physics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - J Max Findlay
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael M Chow
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Cian J O'Kelly
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Robert A Ashforth
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jeremy L Rempel
- Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Howard Lesiuk
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Sinclair
- Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - David J Altschul
- Department of Neurological Surgery and Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Fuat Arikan
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotraumatology and Neurosurgery Research Unit (UNINN), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital and Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francois Guilbert
- Service of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Miguel Chagnon
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Behzad Farzin
- Interventional Neuroradiology Laboratory, Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Guylaine Gevry
- Interventional Neuroradiology Laboratory, Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean Raymond
- Service of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Interventional Neuroradiology Laboratory, Research Centre, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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