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Wu Z, Xie F, Li K, Feng J, Han L, Wu Y. Association of gamma-tocopherol serum concentrations and blood pressure among adults in the United States: a cross-sectional study. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1182731. [PMID: 37404741 PMCID: PMC10315487 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1182731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background hypertension is one of the major preventable risk factors for numerous diseases. The role of vitamin E in blood pressure (BP) has been controversial. We aimed to investigate the relationship between gamma-tocopherol serum concentration (GTSC) and BP. Methods Data from 15,687 US adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed. The correlations of GTSC with systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and prevalence of hypertension were investigated by multivariate logistic regression models, generalized summation models, and fitted smoothing curves. Subgroup analyses were performed to investigate possible effect modifiers between them. Results With each natural log increase in GTSC, SBP, and DBP increased by 1.28 mmHg (β 1.28, 95% CI 0.71-1.84) and 1.15 mmHg (β 1.15, 95% CI 0.72-1.57), respectively, both P for trend < 0.001; the prevalence of hypertension increased by 12% (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.03-1.22), P for trend 0.008. In subgroup analysis, in drinkers, with each natural log increase in GTSC, SBP, and DBP increased by 1.77 mmHg (β 1.77,95% CI 1.13-2.41) and 1.37 mmHg (β 1.37,95% CI 0.9-1.85), respectively, whereas they were not correlated in non-drinkers. Conclusion GTSC was linearly and positively associated with SBP, DBP, and the prevalence of hypertension, and alcohol consumption may modify the relationship of GTSC with SBP and DBP.
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Liu Y, Ma S, Huang X, Bo Y, Fu W, Cao Y, Duan D, Dou W, Zeng F, Wang X, Gong M, Zhang X, Lyu Q, Zhao X. Dietary intake and serum concentrations of vitamin A and vitamin E and pre-eclampsia risk in Chinese pregnant women: A matched case-control study. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1049055. [PMID: 37063333 PMCID: PMC10101204 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1049055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundMany studies have suggested that the serum concentrations of vitamin A (VA) and vitamin E (VE) influence preeclampsia (PE) risk in pregnant women. However, few studies have assessed whether dietary intake and serum concentrations of VA and VE are correlated with PE risk.MethodsA 1:1 matched case-control study was conducted to explore the association between the dietary intake and serum concentrations of VA and VE and the risk of PE in pregnant Chinese women. A total of 440 pregnant women with PE and 440 control pregnant women were included in the study. Dietary information was obtained using a 78-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Serum concentrations of VA and VE were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.ResultsCompared with the lowest quartile, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence interval (CI)] of the highest quartiles were 0.62 (95% CI: 0.40-0.96, P trend = 0.02) for VA, 0.51 (95% CI: 0.33–0.80, P trend =0.002) for β-carotene, and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.45–1.08, P trend = 0.029) for retinol. Additionally, for serum VA and VE concentrations, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios (95% CI) were 2.75 (95% CI: 1.24–6.13, P trend = 0.002) and 11.97 (95% CI: 4.01–35.77, P trend < 0.001), respectively. No significant association was seen between VE intake and PE risk.ConclusionsDietary VA intake was negatively correlated with PE risk, and serum VA and VE concentrations were positively correlated with PE risk among pregnant Chinese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Liu
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yanhua Liu
| | - Shunping Ma
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xuemin Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yacong Bo
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenjun Fu
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuan Cao
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dandan Duan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Luoyang New Area People's Hospital, Luoyang, China
| | - Weifeng Dou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fangfang Zeng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Meiyuan Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Quanjun Lyu
- Department of Nutrition, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xianlan Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Xianlan Zhao
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Pirković A, Vilotić A, Borozan S, Nacka-Aleksić M, Bojić-Trbojević Ž, Krivokuća MJ, Battino M, Giampieri F, Dekanski D. Oleuropein Attenuates Oxidative Stress in Human Trophoblast Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12010197. [PMID: 36671060 PMCID: PMC9855078 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Olive-derived bioactive compound oleuropein was evaluated against damage induced by hydrogen peroxide in human trophoblast cells in vitro, by examining the changes in several markers implicated in oxidative stress interactions in the placenta. Trophoblast HTR-8/SVneo cells were preincubated with OLE at 10 and 100 µM and exposed to H2O2, as a model of oxidative stress. Protein and lipid peroxidation, as well as antioxidant enzymes' activity, were determined spectrophotometrically, and DNA damage was evaluated by comet assay. iNOS protein expression was assessed by Western blot, while the mRNA expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes BAX and BCL2 and transcription factor NFE2L2, as well as cytokines IL-6 and TNF α were determined by qPCR. Oleuropein demonstrated cytoprotective effects against H2O2 in trophoblast cells by significantly improving the antioxidant status and preventing protein and lipid damage, as well as reducing the iNOS levels. OLE reduced the mRNA expression of IL-6 and TNF α, however, it did not influence the expression of NFE2L2 or the BAX/BCL2 ratio after H2O2 exposure. Oleuropein per se did not lead to any adverse effects in HTR-8/SVneo cells under the described conditions, confirming its safety in vitro. In conclusion, it significantly attenuated oxidative damage and restored antioxidant functioning, confirming its protective role in trophoblast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pirković
- Department for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy (INEP), University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Vilotić
- Department for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy (INEP), University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Sunčica Borozan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobođenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Nacka-Aleksić
- Department for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy (INEP), University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Žanka Bojić-Trbojević
- Department for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy (INEP), University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milica Jovanović Krivokuća
- Department for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy (INEP), University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Maurizio Battino
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-Products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche Specialistiche, Facoltà di Medicina, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy
- Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, 39011 Santander, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-071-2204136
| | - Dragana Dekanski
- Department for Biology of Reproduction, Institute for Application of Nuclear Energy (INEP), University of Belgrade, Banatska 31b, 11080 Belgrade, Serbia
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Lai JS, Yuan WL, Ong CN, Tan KH, Yap F, Chong YS, Gluckman PD, Godfrey KM, Lee YS, Chan JKY, Chan SY, Chong MFF. Perinatal plasma carotenoid and vitamin E concentrations with maternal blood pressure during and after pregnancy. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:2811-2821. [PMID: 36184364 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Few studies examined the influence of carotenoids and vitamin E on blood pressure or hypertension during and after pregnancy. We related perinatal plasma concentrations of carotenoids and vitamin E (in individual forms and in combination) to blood pressure and hypertension at late pregnancy and 4 years post-pregnancy. METHODS AND RESULTS In 684 women of the Growing Up in Singapore Towards Healthy Outcomes cohort, we quantified plasma carotenoids and vitamin E concentrations at delivery. Systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) around 37-39 weeks' gestation were extracted from obstetric records and measured at 4 years post-pregnancy. Principal component analysis derived patterns of carotenoids (CP) and vitamin E. Associations were examined using linear or logistic regressions adjusting for confounders. Two carotenoids (CP1: α-carotene, β-carotene, and lutein; CP2: zeaxanthin, lycopene, and β-cryptoxanthin) and one vitamin E (γ-, δ-, and α-tocopherols) patterns were derived. CP1 (1SD score increment) was associated with lower SBP and DBP [β (95% CI): -2.36 (-3.47, -1.26) and -1.37 (-2.21, -0.53) mmHg] at late pregnancy> and 4 years post-pregnancy [-1.45 (-2.72, -0.18) and -0.99 (-1.98, -0.01) mmHg]. Higher β-cryptoxanthin concentrations were associated with lower SBP and DBP [-1.50 (-2.49, -0.51) and -1.20 (-1.95, -0.46) mmHg] at late pregnancy. Individual vitamin E and their pattern were not associated with blood pressure or hypertension. CONCLUSION Higher perinatal α-carotene, β-carotene, and lutein concentrations are associated with lower blood pressure in women at late pregnancy and post-pregnancy. Foods rich in these carotenoids, such as red-, orange-, and dark-green-colored vegetables, might be beneficial for blood pressure during and after pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun S Lai
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore.
| | - Wen Lun Yuan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore; Université de Paris, CRESS, Inserm, INRAE, F-75004 Paris, France
| | - Choon Nam Ong
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Fabian Yap
- Department of Paediatric Endocrinology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore; Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit & NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore; Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Jerry K Y Chan
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Department of Reproductive Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore
| | - Shiao-Yng Chan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore; Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore
| | - Mary F F Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore; Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
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Di Fabrizio C, Giorgione V, Khalil A, Murdoch CE. Antioxidants in Pregnancy: Do We Really Need More Trials? Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:812. [PMID: 35624676 PMCID: PMC9137466 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Human pregnancy can be affected by numerous pathologies, from those which are mild and reversible to others which are life-threatening. Among these, gestational diabetes mellitus and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy with subsequent consequences stand out. Health problems experienced by women during pregnancy and postpartum are associated with significant costs to health systems worldwide and contribute largely to maternal mortality and morbidity. Major risk factors for mothers include obesity, advanced maternal age, cardiovascular dysfunction, and endothelial damage; in these scenarios, oxidative stress plays a major role. Markers of oxidative stress can be measured in patients with preeclampsia, foetal growth restriction, and gestational diabetes mellitus, even before their clinical onset. In consequence, antioxidant supplements have been proposed as a possible therapy; however, results derived from large scale randomised clinical trials have been disappointing as no positive effects were demonstrated. This review focuses on the latest evidence on oxidative stress in pregnancy complications, their early diagnosis, and possible therapies to prevent or treat these pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Di Fabrizio
- Vascular Biology Research Center, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George’s University of London, London SW17 0QT, UK; (C.D.F.); (V.G.); (A.K.)
- Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
| | - Veronica Giorgione
- Vascular Biology Research Center, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George’s University of London, London SW17 0QT, UK; (C.D.F.); (V.G.); (A.K.)
| | - Asma Khalil
- Vascular Biology Research Center, Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St George’s University of London, London SW17 0QT, UK; (C.D.F.); (V.G.); (A.K.)
- Fetal Medicine Unit, St George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London SW17 0QT, UK
| | - Colin E. Murdoch
- Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK
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Fogacci S, Fogacci F, Favari E, Toth PP, Borghi C, Cicero AFG. Management of pregnancy-related hypertensive disorders in patients infected with SARS CoV-2: pharmacological and clinical issues. EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL. CARDIOVASCULAR PHARMACOTHERAPY 2021; 7:346-351. [PMID: 33155016 PMCID: PMC7499576 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvaa105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aims Coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) continues to spread throughout the world. It is known that among patients with hypertension, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, or cardiovascular diseases, COVID-19 is associated with greater morbidity and mortality compared with patients without these conditions. This correlation is of great importance in pregnant women affected by COVID-19, since it usually leads to the development of a serious clinical complication. In particular, managing hypertensive disorders in pregnancy can be problematic because antihypertensive medications may interact pharmacologically with drugs used to treat COVID-19. This review focuses on the safety of drug treatment for COVID-19 in pregnant women treated with antihypertensive medication. Methods and results Several databases were searched to identify relevant literature. A few antihypertensive drugs and antithrombotic treatments are known for having a beneficial effect in the management of hypertension and hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. In this review, we focus on the expected drug–drug interactions with the experimental agents most often used to treat COVID-19. Conclusions The current indications for the management of hypertension-related disorders in pregnancy maintain their validity, while the risk of pharmacological interaction with the currently tested anti-SARS-CoV-2 medications is relatively low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Fogacci
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Federica Fogacci
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Elda Favari
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Peter P Toth
- CGH Medical Center, Sterling, IL, and Cicarrone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Claudio Borghi
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Arrigo F G Cicero
- Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Research Group, Medical and Surgical Sciences Department, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Abstract
Importance Nutrition patterns in pregnancy play a decisive role in the well-being of the mother and the fetus. Objective The aim of this review was to summarize and compare guidelines and recommendations on nutrition in pregnancy. Evidence Acquisition A descriptive review of major guidelines on antenatal nutrition was conducted, including the most recently published guidelines, namely, by the Australian Government Department of Health (2018); the Canadian Nutrition Working Group and Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (2016); the World Health Organization (2016); the Institute of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, Royal College of Physicians of Ireland (2016); the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (2015); the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics (2014); and the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2008). Results There is almost universal agreement regarding macronutrient requirements during pregnancy. The WHO, FIGO, and the NICE guidelines make no recommendation on fluid intake. Almost all guidelines state that weight gain during pregnancy should be closely monitored. Folic acid supplementation is universally recommended from the preconception period, but there are controversies regarding other vitamins' supplementation. Multiple micronutrient supplementation could be an option in specific settings according only to the FIGO. Probiotics are not routinely recommended in pregnancy. Conclusions There is wide agreement among the reviewed guidelines regarding nutrition in pregnancy, but still there are controversies. Evaluation and classification of influential guidelines can be beneficial for establishing a universal consensus on nutrition during pregnancy, in order to achieve more favorable perinatal outcomes.
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Aminuddin NA, Sutan R, Mahdy ZA. Role of Palm Oil Vitamin E in Preventing Pre-eclampsia: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial Following ISSHP Reclassification. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 7:596405. [PMID: 33553199 PMCID: PMC7859347 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.596405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Preeclampsia is a significant cause of maternal and perinatal mortality worldwide. Oxidative stress plays a key role in its pathophysiology, hence antioxidants such as tocotrienol may be preventive against preeclampsia. In 2018, the ISSHP revised the definition of preeclampsia. In accordance with the new definition, we report a secondary data analysis from a clinical trial comparing palm oil vitamin E in the form of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) against placebo, in preventing preeclampsia. Method: A randomized double-blind controlled trial was conducted in 2002–2005 to assess the benefits of TRF in preeclampsia prevention. A total of 299 primigravidae were recruited. The intervention group was supplemented with TRF 100 mg daily in super-olein capsules, whereas the placebo group was prescribed super-olein capsules without TRF, beginning from 12 to 16 gestational weeks until delivery. The primary outcome measure was incidence of preeclampsia. Results: The total incidence of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) was 5%, whereas the incidence of preeclampsia was 2.3%. The odds of developing PIH (adjusted OR 0.254; 95% CI: 0.07–0.93; p–value 0.038) and preeclampsia (adjusted OR 0.030; 95% CI: 0.001–0.65; p-value 0.025) were significantly lower in the TRF arm compared to the placebo arm. Conclusion: Antenatal supplementation with palm oil vitamin E in the form of TRF is associated with significant reductions in the incidence of preeclampsia and PIH in a single urban tertiary hospital. Palm oil vitamin E deserves further scrutiny as a potential public health preventive measure against preeclampsia and PIH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurul Afzan Aminuddin
- Community Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rosnah Sutan
- Community Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zaleha Abdullah Mahdy
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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