1
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Bayfield N, Wang E, Andrews D. Chronic inflammatory pulmonary artery lesion causing right pulmonary artery stenosis 15 years post Blalock-Taussig shunt ligation. BMJ Case Rep 2023; 16:e254103. [PMID: 37793846 PMCID: PMC10551977 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2022-254103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Discrete central endovascular pulmonary arterial lesions raise clinical concern for malignancy such as primary pulmonary artery sarcoma. We present a case of a female in her late teens who had an obstructive mid right pulmonary artery lesion found on follow-up imaging 15 years after Tetralogy of Fallot repair. The lesion was in the vicinity of a previously ligated Blalock-Taussig shunt and causing right PA stenosis with delayed perfusion to the right lung, and a flow-related distal left PA aneurysm. The lesion was excised and confirmed histologically to be inflammatory in nature. Intraoperative microbiology demonstrated growth of the Kytococcus species, and she was managed with 6 weeks of intravenous antibiotics, with a full recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Edward Wang
- Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Surgery, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - David Andrews
- Fiona Stanley Hospital, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia
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2
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Zellner AA, Hischebeth GT, Molitor E, Wirtz DC, Randau TM. Periprosthetic joint infection caused by kytococcus schroeteri: The first reported case and a review of the literature. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2023; 106:115922. [PMID: 36933454 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2023.115922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
Oftentimes, Gram-positive cocci are the cause for periprosthetic joint infections (PJI). Most of these infections include bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis or other coagulase-negative staphylococci. We here present the first case of a PJI caused by Kytococcus schroeteri. While being a Gram-positive coccus, it is very rarely the cause for infections in the human body. K. schroeteri is part of the micrococcus branch and often encountered as a symbiotic bacterium living on the skin. Regarding its pathogenic potential, not a lot is known since less than a few dozen human infections have been reported worldwide. Furthermore, many of the cases reported are either associated with implanted material, especially heart valves, or associated with patients whose immune response is deficient. Only 3 reports of osteoarticular infections are described so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto A Zellner
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunnar T Hischebeth
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, Germany; Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ernst Molitor
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Dieter C Wirtz
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas M Randau
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Clinic of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
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3
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Shah S, Thakkar P, Poojary S, Singhal T. A case of Kytococcus schroeteri prosthetic valve endocarditis in a patient with COVID-19 infection. Indian J Med Microbiol 2022; 42:89-91. [PMID: 36175197 PMCID: PMC9511116 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmmb.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
64 years old male presented fever, gastrointestinal symptoms, COVID-19 infection with bioprosthetic mitral in situ, cardio embolic stroke 2 years ago. The 2 D ECHO showed a vegetation indicating infective endocarditis. Three paired blood cultures grew Kytococcus schroeteri. The organism was sensitive to Vancomycin, Teicoplanin, Gentamycin and Linezolid. Patient had multiorgan dysfunction which further deteriorated into failure, disseminated intravascular coagulation resulting into death of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sweta Shah
- Microbiology Department, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Research Institute, Achyutrao Patwardhan Marg, Andheri West, Mumbai 400053, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Pooja Thakkar
- Microbiology Department, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Research Institute, Achyutrao Patwardhan Marg, Andheri West, Mumbai 400053, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sushima Poojary
- Microbiology Department, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Research Institute, Achyutrao Patwardhan Marg, Andheri West, Mumbai 400053, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tanu Singhal
- Infectious Disease Department, Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital and Research Institute, Achyutrao Patwardhan Marg, Andheri West, Mumbai 400053, Maharashtra, India
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4
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Refaat M, Zakka P, Khoury M, Chami H, Mansour S, Harbieh B, Abi-Saleh B, Bizri AR. Cardiac implantable electronic device infections: Observational data from a tertiary care center in Lebanon. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e14906. [PMID: 31008922 PMCID: PMC6494368 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000014906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
With increasing rates of device implantation, there is an increased recognition of device infection. We conducted a retrospective observational study in a tertiary care center in Lebanon, with data collected from medical records of patients presenting with cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection from 2000 to 2017 with the purpose of identifying etiologies, risk factors and other parameters, and comparing them to available data from the rest of the world. We identified a total of 22 CIED infections. The most common microbial etiologies, including involvement in polymicrobial infection, were coagulase-negative staphylococci (45.5%) and Staphylococcus aureus (22.7%). Rare cases of Brucella melitensis, Sphingomonas paucimobilis, and Kytococcus schroeteri device infection were seen. Heart failure was seen in 77.3% of patients, hypertension in 68.2%, and chronic kidney disease in 50%. Skin changes were the most common presenting symptoms (86.4%). Antibiotics were given to all patients and all had their devices removed, with 36.4% undergoing new device implantation. This is the first study of CIED infections in Lebanon and the Middle East. Local epidemiology and occupational exposure must be considered while contemplating the microbial etiology of infection. Close monitoring after device implantation is important in preventing device infection that carries high risk of morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan Refaat
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Patrick Zakka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maurice Khoury
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hassan Chami
- Department of Internal Medicine, Emory University Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shareef Mansour
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Bernard Harbieh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Keserwan Medical Center
| | - Bernard Abi-Saleh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Abdul Rahman Bizri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon
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5
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Boujelben I, Gdoura R, Hammami A. A broad-range PCR technique for the diagnosis of infective endocarditis. Braz J Microbiol 2018; 49:534-543. [PMID: 29429763 PMCID: PMC6111453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2017.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Infective endocarditis (IE) remains a severe and potentially fatal disease demanding sophisticated diagnostic strategies for detection of the causative microorganisms. The aim of the present study was to develop a broad-range 16S ribosomal RNA gene polymerase chain reaction in the routine diagnostic of IE for the early diagnosis of fatal disease. A broad-range PCR technique was selected and evaluated in terms of its efficiency in the diagnosis of endocarditis using 19 heart valves from patients undergoing cardiovascular surgeries at the Habib Bourguiba Hospital of Sfax, Tunisia, on the grounds of suspected IE. The results demonstrated the efficiency of this technique particularly in cases involving a limited number of bacteria since it helped to increase detection sensitivity. The technique proved to be efficient, particularly, in the bacteriological diagnosis of IE in contexts involving negative results from conventional culture methods and other contexts involving bacterial species that were not amenable to identification by phenotypic investigations. Indeed, the sequencing of the partial 16S ribosomal RNA gene revealed the presence of Bartonella henselae, Enterobacter sp., and Streptococcus pyogenes in three heart valves with the negative culture. It should be noted that the results obtained from the polymerase chain reaction-sequencing identification applied to the heart valve and the strain isolated from the same tissue were not consistent with the ones found by the conventional microbiological methods in the case of IE caused by Gemella morbillorum. In fact, the results from the molecular identification revealed the presence of Lactobacillus jensenii. Overall, the results have revealed that the proposed method is sensitive, reliable and might open promising opportunities for the early diagnosis of IE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Boujelben
- Hospital Sfax, Department of Microbiology and Research Laboratory "Microorganismes et Pathologie Humaine" Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Radhouane Gdoura
- Université de Sfax, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Laboratoire de recherche Toxicologie Microbiologie Environnementale et Santé LR11ES06, Sfax, Tunisia.
| | - Adnane Hammami
- Hospital Sfax, Department of Microbiology and Research Laboratory "Microorganismes et Pathologie Humaine" Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisia
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6
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Kytococcus schroeteri Bacteremia in a Patient with Hairy Cell Leukemia: A Case Report and Review of the Literature. Case Rep Infect Dis 2015; 2015:217307. [PMID: 26064718 PMCID: PMC4439477 DOI: 10.1155/2015/217307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The Kytococcus genus formerly belonged to Micrococcus. The first report of a Kytococcus schroeteri infection was in 2002 in a patient diagnosed with endocarditis. We report a case of central line associated Kytococcus schroeteri bacteremia in a patient with underlying Hairy Cell Leukemia. Kytococcus schroeteri is an emerging infection in the neutropenic population and in patients with implanted artificial tissue. It is thought to be a commensal bacterium of the skin; however, attempts to culture the bacteria remain unsuccessful. There have been a total of 5 cases (including ours) of K. schroeteri bacteremia in patients with hematologic malignancies and neutropenia and only 18 documented cases in any population. Four of the cases of bacteria in neutropenic patients have been fatal, but early detection and treatment could make a difference in clinical outcomes.
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7
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Schaumburg F, Schmalstieg C, Fiedler B, Brentrup A, Omran H, Becker K. A bumpy road to the diagnosis of a Kytococcus schroeteri shunt infection. J Med Microbiol 2012; 62:165-168. [PMID: 23002062 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.045351-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection associated with Kytococcus schroeteri, a Gram-positive bacterium from the family Dermacoccaceae. While the biochemical identification systems do not reliably identify this potential pathogen, sequence-based identification is recommended to guide the antibiotic treatment of this intrinsically meticillin-resistant species, which is susceptible to vancomycin, gentamicin and/or rifampicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frieder Schaumburg
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Christian Schmalstieg
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Münster, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Barbara Fiedler
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Münster, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Angela Brentrup
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Heymut Omran
- Department of General Pediatrics, University Children's Hospital Münster, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Karsten Becker
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
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8
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Liu JC, Jenkins DR, Malnick H, Kovac J, Szostek J. Kytococcus schroeteri endocarditis successfully managed with daptomycin: a case report and review of the literature. J Med Microbiol 2012; 61:750-753. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.035493-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J. C. Liu
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - D. R. Jenkins
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, Leicester LE1 5WW, UK
| | - H. Malnick
- Laboratory of HealthCare Associated Infection, Centre for Infection, Health Protection Agency, London NW9 5EQ, UK
| | - J. Kovac
- Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
| | - J. Szostek
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Glenfield Hospital, Glenfield Hospital, Groby Road, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
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9
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Chan JFW, Wong SSY, Leung SSM, Fan RYY, Ngan AHY, To KKW, Lau SKP, Yuen KY, Woo PCY. First report of chronic implant-related septic arthritis and osteomyelitis due to Kytococcus schroeteri and a review of human K. schroeteri infections. Infection 2012; 40:567-73. [PMID: 22392020 PMCID: PMC3461212 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-012-0250-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the first case of Kytococcus schroeteri implant-related septic arthritis and osteomyelitis, identified by phenotypic tests and 16S rRNA sequencing, which responded to implant removal and doxycycline. 16S rRNA sequencing was useful for the accurate and rapid identification of the organism as it exhibited three different colonial morphologies in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. F. W. Chan
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - S. S. Y. Wong
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
- Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
- Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - S. S. M. Leung
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - R. Y. Y. Fan
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - A. H. Y. Ngan
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - K. K. W. To
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
- Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
- Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - S. K. P. Lau
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
- Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
- Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - K.-Y. Yuen
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
- Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
- Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - P. C. Y. Woo
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
- Research Centre of Infection and Immunology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
- Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, 102 Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR China
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10
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Abstract
Kytococcus schroeteri, a saprophyte of the human skin, may cause serious infections in the immunocompromised host. Here, we describe a case of pneumonia and bacteremia due to Kytococcus schroeteri in an immunocompromised patient, successfully treated with linezolid and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
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11
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Hodiamont CJ, Huisman C, Spanjaard L, van Ketel RJ. Kytococcus schroeteri pneumonia in two patients with a hematological malignancy. Infection 2010; 38:138-40. [PMID: 20213285 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-009-9295-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Neutropenic patients are susceptible to infections with usually harmless microorganisms. We report two cases of severe pneumonia in hematological patients due to Kytococcus schroeteri, a saprophyte of the human skin. When blood cultures or respiratory specimens yield micrococcus-like colonies, Kytococcus species, which are often resistant to penicillin, should be considered and the antimicrobial therapy should be adjusted accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Hodiamont
- Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Room L1-245, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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12
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Jacquier H, Allard A, Richette P, Ea HK, Sanson-Le Pors MJ, Berçot B. Postoperative spondylodiscitis due to Kytococcus schroeteri in a diabetic woman. J Med Microbiol 2010; 59:127-129. [DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.010454-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Kytococcus schroeteri, a Gram-positive coccus, is usually regarded as part of the human skin flora. It has been described in prosthetic valve endocarditis but never as being involved in osteoarticular infections. We report here the first case of a spondylodiscitis due to K. schroeteri identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. Jacquier
- Université Paris 7-Denis Diderot, 10, avenue de Verdun, F-75010 Paris, France
- Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France
| | - A. Allard
- Fédération de Rhumatologie (Centre Viggo Petersen), Pôle Appareil Locomoteur, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France
- Université Paris 7-Denis Diderot, 10, avenue de Verdun, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - P. Richette
- Fédération de Rhumatologie (Centre Viggo Petersen), Pôle Appareil Locomoteur, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France
- Université Paris 7-Denis Diderot, 10, avenue de Verdun, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - H. K. Ea
- Fédération de Rhumatologie (Centre Viggo Petersen), Pôle Appareil Locomoteur, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France
- Université Paris 7-Denis Diderot, 10, avenue de Verdun, F-75010 Paris, France
| | - M. J. Sanson-Le Pors
- Université Paris 7-Denis Diderot, 10, avenue de Verdun, F-75010 Paris, France
- Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France
| | - B. Berçot
- Université Paris 7-Denis Diderot, 10, avenue de Verdun, F-75010 Paris, France
- Service de Bactériologie-Virologie, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, 75475 Paris Cedex 10, France
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13
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Jourdain S, Miendje Deyi VY, Musampa K, Wauters G, Denis O, Lepage P, Vergison A. Kytococcus schroeteri infection of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt in a child. Int J Infect Dis 2008; 13:e153-5. [PMID: 19010078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2008] [Revised: 09/02/2008] [Accepted: 09/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Kytococcus schroeteri is a newly described micrococcal species and, to date, has been associated mostly with endocarditis. Six infections attributable to this opportunistic pathogen have been described since 2002, when the first case was identified. We describe here the first pediatric case of a K. schroeteri ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection. The child was successfully treated with a combination of rifampin and vancomycin and shunt replacement. Initially identified as a Micrococcus spp. by both automated identification and conventional biochemical testing, sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene enabled accurate identification of the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Jourdain
- Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Unit, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Brussels, Belgium.
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14
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Aepinus C, Adolph E, von Eiff C, Podbielski A, Petzsch M. Kytococcus schroeteri: a probably underdiagnosed pathogen involved in prosthetic valve endocarditis. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2008; 120:46-9. [PMID: 18239991 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-007-0903-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2007] [Accepted: 08/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Kytoccoccus schroeteri is an emerging pathogen found mainly in association with prosthetic valve endocarditis. A striking aspect of this species is its resistance to penicillins, including isoxazolylpenicillins, making glycopeptide administration and valve replacement the treatment of choice. We present the case of a 38-year-old female diabetic patient with fever up to 39.1 degrees C for two months. Infection of her prosthetic aortic valve was suspected clinically. Repeated blood cultures revealed growth of K. schroeteri. Transesophageal echocardiography demonstrated a vegetation on the prosthetic aortic valve. Antibiotic treatment with vancomycin, rifampin and gentamicin was started and this regimen led to complete resolution of symptoms and disappearance of the vegetation. It is of particular interest that the patient recovered without further surgical procedures. Since the first description of K. schroeteri in 2002, four cases of endocarditis have been published, suggesting antecedent and continuing underdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Aepinus
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Hygiene and Virology, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
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15
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Kocuria rhizophila adds to the emerging spectrum of micrococcal species involved in human infections. J Clin Microbiol 2008; 46:3537-9. [PMID: 18614658 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00823-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the first case of a Kocuria rhizophila infection in a boy with methylmalonic aciduria. A single clone was isolated from blood samples drawn through a port system and from peripheral veins during septic episodes within a 2-year period. K. rhizophila expands the emerging number of "micrococci" considered to be etiologically relevant.
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16
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Renvoise A, Roux V, Casalta JP, Thuny F, Riberi A. Kytococcus schroeteri, a rare agent of endocarditis. Int J Infect Dis 2007; 12:223-7. [PMID: 17919958 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2007.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2007] [Revised: 06/18/2007] [Accepted: 06/25/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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17
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Mnif B, Boujelbène I, Mahjoubi F, Gdoura R, Trabelsi I, Moalla S, Frikha I, Kammoun S, Hammami A. Endocarditis due to Kytococcus schroeteri: case report and review of the literature. J Clin Microbiol 2006; 44:1187-9. [PMID: 16517928 PMCID: PMC1393139 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.44.3.1187-1189.2006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the third case of endocarditis caused by the newly described micrococcal species Kytococcus schroeteri. A 49-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with suspected prosthetic valve endocarditis. Five blood cultures and prosthetic valve cultures grew the same type of organism, initially identified as Micrococcus sp. Assignment to the genus Kytococcus was suggested by the arginine dihydrolase activity and resistance to oxacillin. After sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes, the isolate was recognized as K. schroeteri. The patient was treated first with vancomycin combined with gentamicin and later with pristinamycin and rifampin. Three cases of K. schroeteri endocarditis described within a short period of time might indicate a specific pathogenicity of this new species. The isolation of kytococci from normally sterile sites should not be overlooked.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basma Mnif
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie, CHU Habib Bourguiba, Sfax, Tunisia
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18
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Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Le Brun
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Julien Bouet
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Rennes, Rennes, France
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