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Praxenthaler J, Kirchner C, Schwier E, Altmann S, Wittmer A, Henzler D, Köhler T. Case report: Early detection of mesenteric ischemia by intravital microscopy in a patient with septic shock. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:985977. [PMID: 36091703 PMCID: PMC9458872 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.985977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gut ischemia is a frequent but underdiagnosed complication, especially in critically ill intensive care patients, and represents a special diagnostic challenge that can only be solved in an interdisciplinary manner. We report a case of a 54-year-old woman with acute mesenteric ischemia (AMI) as a cause of septic shock diagnosed by intravital microscopy (IVM) 2 days before visible necrotic changes in a multimodality approach. We show that intravital microscopy can be a serious alternative for the early diagnosis of mesenteric ischemia in the hands of the skilled. We use this case to discuss the value and clinical perspective of IVM in the intensive care setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janina Praxenthaler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Klinikum Herford, Ruhr University Bochum, Herford, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Kliniken Südostbayern, Klinikum Traunstein, Traunstein, Germany
| | - Carmen Kirchner
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Thoracic Surgery and Proctology, Klinikum Herford, Ruhr University Bochum, Herford, Germany
| | - Elke Schwier
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Klinikum Herford, Ruhr University Bochum, Herford, Germany
| | - Simon Altmann
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Klinikum Herford, Ruhr University Bochum, Herford, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Axel Wittmer
- Institute of Pathology, Klinikum Herford, Herford, Germany
| | - Dietrich Henzler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Klinikum Herford, Ruhr University Bochum, Herford, Germany
| | - Thomas Köhler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Klinikum Herford, Ruhr University Bochum, Herford, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, AMEOS-Klinikum Halberstadt, Halberstadt, Germany
- *Correspondence: Thomas Köhler,
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Wang C, Bischof E, Xu J, Guo Q, Zheng G, Ge W, Hu J, Georgescu Margarint EL, Bradley JL, Peberdy MA, Ornato JP, Zhu C, Tang W. Effects of Methylprednisolone on Myocardial Function and Microcirculation in Post-resuscitation: A Rat Model. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:894004. [PMID: 35872886 PMCID: PMC9301050 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.894004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundPrevious studies have demonstrated that inflammation and impaired microcirculation are key factors in post-resuscitation syndromes. Here, we investigated whether methylprednisolone (MP) could improve myocardial function and microcirculation by suppressing the systemic inflammatory response following cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in a rat model of cardiac arrest (CA).MethodsSprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to (1) sham, (2) control, and (3) drug groups. Ventricular fibrillation was induced and then followed by CPR. The rats were infused with either MP or vehicle at the start of CPR. Myocardial function and microcirculation were assessed at baseline and after the restoration of spontaneous circulation. Blood samples were drawn at baseline and 60-min post-resuscitation to assess serum cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) levels.ResultsMyocardial function [estimated by the ejection fraction (EF), myocardial performance index (MPI), and cardiac output (CO)] improved post-ROSC in the MP group compared with those in the control group (p < 0.05). MP decreased the levels of the aforementioned pro-inflammatory cytokines and alleviated cerebral, sublingual, and intestinal microcirculation compared with the control (p < 0.05). A negative correlation emerged between the cytokine profile and microcirculatory blood flow.ConclusionMP treatment reduced post-resuscitation myocardial dysfunction, inhibited pro-inflammatory cytokines, and improved microcirculation in the initial recovery phase in a CA and resuscitation animal model. Therefore, MP could be a potential clinical target for CA patients in the early phase after CPR to alleviate myocardial dysfunction and improve prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changsheng Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Weil Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Evelyne Bischof
- Department of Basic and Clinical Medicine, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Medical Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Weil Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Qinyue Guo
- Weil Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Guanghui Zheng
- Weil Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Weiwei Ge
- Weil Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Juntao Hu
- Weil Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | | | - Jennifer L. Bradley
- Weil Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Mary Ann Peberdy
- Weil Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Joseph P. Ornato
- Weil Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- Department of Internal Medicine and Emergency Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Changqing Zhu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Changqing Zhu,
| | - Wanchun Tang
- Weil Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University Health System, Richmond, VA, United States
- Wanchun Tang,
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Wang R, Pan T, Huang L, Liao C, Li Q, Jiang H, Yang J. Photoacoustic imaging in evaluating early intestinal ischemia injury and reperfusion injury in rat models. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2021; 11:2968-2979. [PMID: 34249627 DOI: 10.21037/qims-20-1160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background It remains a challenge to distinguish whether the damaged intestine is viable in treating acute mesenteric ischemia. In this study, photoacoustic imaging (PAI) was used to observe intestinal tissue viability after ischemia and reperfusion injury in rats. Methods An in vivo study was conducted using forty male SD rats, which were randomly divided into a sham-operated (SO) group, a 1 h ischemia group, a 2 h ischemia group, and an ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) group with 10 rats in each group. In the ischemia group, the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) was isolated and clamped for 1 and 2 h, respectively, and in the I/R group, after ischemia for 1 h, the clamp was removed and reperfused for 1 h. The same time interval was used in the SO group. Immediately after establishing the animal model, a PAI examination was performed, and the small intestine was collected for histopathology. Results The levels of PAI parameters Hb, HbR, MAP 760, and MAP 840 were increased to different degrees in the ischemia groups, especially in the 2 h ischemia group, compared with the SO group (P<0.05), and with prolongation of the ischemia time, the injury was aggravated. All PAI signal levels except HbO in the I/R group were higher than those in the control group, and the increased range differed, especially in Hb and MAP 840. Using western blot, compared with the SO group, the BAX increased significantly in the 2 h ischemia group (P<0.05), and Caspase-3 in the experimental group was significantly higher than in the SO group (P<0.05). The level of HIF-1α increased in the 2 h ischemia group and I/R group (P<0.05), and TUNEL staining showed that the number of positive apoptotic nuclei in the 2 h ischemia group was significantly higher than in the SO group (P<0.05). Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining showed that ischemia for 2 hours was the most serious, with obvious mucosal damage, extensive epithelial injury, and bleeding. Conclusions PAI can be used as an effective tool to detect acute intestinal ischemia injury and quantitatively evaluate tissue viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital/Center, Kunming, China
| | - Teng Pan
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin Huang
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Center for Information in Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengde Liao
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital/Center, Kunming, China
| | - Qinqing Li
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital/Center, Kunming, China
| | - Huabei Jiang
- Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Yunnan Cancer Hospital/Center, Kunming, China
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Mullen KM, Regier PJ, Londoño LA, Millar K, Groover J. Evaluation of jejunal microvasculature of healthy anesthetized dogs with sidestream dark field video microscopy. Am J Vet Res 2020; 81:888-893. [PMID: 33107751 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.81.11.888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the feasibility of sidestream dark field (SDF) video microscopy for the evaluation of the jejunal microvasculature of healthy dogs. ANIMALS 30 healthy sexually intact female shelter dogs anesthetized for ovariohysterectomy. PROCEDURES Preoperative physical and clinicopathologic assessments were performed to confirm health status. Then healthy dogs were anesthetized, and the abdomen was incised at the ventral midline for ovariohysterectomy and jejunal microvasculature evaluation. An SDF video microscope imaged the microvasculature of 2 sites of a portion of the jejunum, and recorded videos were analyzed with software capable of quantitating parameters of microvascular health. Macrovascular parameters (heart rate, respiratory rate, and hemoglobin oxygen saturation) were also recorded during anesthesia. RESULTS Quantified jejunal microvascular parameters included valid microvascular density (mean ± SD, 251.72 ± 97.10 μm/mm), RBC-filling percentage (66.96 ± 8.00%), RBC column width (7.11 ± 0.72 μm), and perfused boundary region (2.17 ± 0.42 μm). The perfused boundary region and RBC-filling percentage had a significant negative correlation. Strong to weak positive correlations were noted among the perfused boundary regions of small-, medium-, and large-sized microvessels. No significant correlations were identified between microvascular parameters and age, body weight, preoperative clinicopathologic results, or macrovascular parameters. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Interrogation of the jejunal microvasculature of healthy dogs with SDF video microscopy was feasible. Results of this study indicated that SDF video microscopy is worth additional investigation, including interrogation of diseased small intestine in dogs.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Adequate tissue perfusion is of utmost importance to avoid organ failure in patients with cardiogenic shock. Within the recent years, the microcirculation, defined as the perfusion of the smallest vessels, has been identified to play a crucial role. Microcirculatory changes may include capillary flow disturbances as well as changes in the density of perfused vessels. Due to the availability of new technologies to assess the microcirculation, interesting new data came up and it is the purpose of this review to summarize recent studies in the field. RECENT FINDINGS Nowadays, an increasing number of studies confirm parameters of the microcirculation, derived by intravital microscopy, to represent strong outcome predictors in cardiogenic shock. In addition, microcirculation as read-out parameter in innovative clinical studies has meanwhile been accepted as serious endpoint. Treatment strategies such as mechanical assist devices, blood pressure regulating agents or fluids use tissue perfusion and microcirculatory network density as targets in addition to clinical perfusion evaluation and decreasing serum lactate levels. SUMMARY The parameter most frequently used to detect tissue malperfusion is serum lactate. Novel, noninvasive methods to quantify microvascular perfusion have the potential to guide treatment in terms of optimizing organ perfusion and oxygenation probably paving the way for an individualized therapy.
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Henzler D, Scheffler M, Westheider A, Köhler T. Microcirculation measurements: Barriers for use in clinical routine. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2018; 67:505-509. [PMID: 28885216 DOI: 10.3233/ch-179229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with shock, inflammation and sepsis alterations in microcirculation are common problems. Although the pathophysiologic consequences are well understood, measurements of microcirculation have not entered clinical routine so far. OBJECTIVE To characterize the requirements for clinical microcirculation measurement techniques and the barriers for implementation into routine practice. METHODS Clinical review of reliability, reproducibility, validity, availability and usefulness of clinically available measurement techniques to be used in patients with sepsis or cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. RESULTS Few methods such as video microscopy are readily available at the bedside, but are hampered by the high variability of measurements and the lack of reliable automated software analysis. The correlation of microcirculation impairment measured by in-vivo microscopy with fatal outcomes has been established, but no recommendations have been given which parameters should be targeted to improve outcomes. Measurement of regional brain tissue oxygenation has been recommended for cardiac surgery, but does not specifically target microcirculation. CONCLUSIONS International guidelines for the management of sepsis or cardiac anesthesia do not recommend specific goals targeting the microcirculation directly, but global hemodynamics. The reason for this may be attributed to the lack of methods that fulfill the requirements necessary to be clinically acceptable. Once the validity, i.e. any improvement in patient's outcomes attributable to microcirculation measurements, can be established, clinical measurement of microcirculation could become part of routine treatment of patients with sepsis, inflammation and shock. Until then, more clinical studies targeting microcirculation are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietrich Henzler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Klinikum Herford, Herford, Germany
| | - Matthias Scheffler
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax NS, Canada
| | - Arne Westheider
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Klinikum Herford, Herford, Germany
| | - Thomas Köhler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Intensive Care, Emergency and Pain Medicine, Ruhr-University Bochum, Klinikum Herford, Herford, Germany
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Kern H, Sharawy N, Sardinha J, Lehmann C. Microcirculation research in community hospitals - challenges and chances. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2018; 67:511-514. [PMID: 28922147 DOI: 10.3233/ch-179233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Community hospitals provide ideal conditions for large clinical studies because of the high volume of unselected patients admitted every year. With regard to microcirculatory studies, there are still some feasibility problems which are not solved yet. First of all, the lack of reliable automated software to analyze microcirculatory images represents the most important issue. Secondly, hardware aspects still need improvements regarding portability and miniaturization. Finally, to conduct studies of the microcirculation in a community hospital is also always a funding issue. The cost of the measurement device is hereby only one factor. Main cost factor is the personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartmut Kern
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Therapy, German Red Cross Hospital, Berlin-Köpenick, Germany
| | - Nivin Sharawy
- Department of Anaesthesia, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Joel Sardinha
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
| | - Christian Lehmann
- Department of Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Canada
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Wright IMR, Latter JL, Dyson RM, Levi CR, Clifton VL. Videomicroscopy as a tool for investigation of the microcirculation in the newborn. Physiol Rep 2017; 4:4/19/e12941. [PMID: 27694527 PMCID: PMC5064131 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The perinatal period remains a time of significant risk of death or disability. Increasing evidence suggests that this depends on microcirculatory behavior. Sidestream dark‐field orthogonal polarized light videomicroscopy (OPS) has emerged as a useful assessment of adult microcirculation but the values derived are not delineated for the newborn. We aimed to define these parameters in well term newborn infants. Demographic details were collected prospectively on 42 healthy term neonates (n = 20 females, n = 22 males). OPS videomicroscopy (Microscan) was used to view ear conch skin microcirculation at 6, 24, and 72 h of age. Stored video was analyzed by a masked observer using proprietary software. There were no significant differences between the sexes for any structural parameters at any time point. There was a significant increase over time in small vessel perfusion in female infants only (P = 0.009). A number of 6‐ and 72‐h measurements were significantly correlated, but differed from the 24‐h values. These observations confirm the utility of the ear conch for neonatal microvascular videomicroscopy. They provide a baseline for studies into the use of OPS videomicroscopy in infants. The changes observed are comparable with previous studies of term infants using these and other microvascular techniques. It is recommended that studies for examining the mature neonatal microvascular structure be delayed until 72 h of life, but studies of the physiology of cardiovascular transition should include the 24‐h time point after delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M R Wright
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Kaleidoscope Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, John Hunter Children's Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Graduate School of Medicine and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joanna L Latter
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca M Dyson
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Discipline of Paediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Graduate School of Medicine and Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chris R Levi
- Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vicki L Clifton
- Mater Medical Research Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Krupičková P, Mormanová Z, Bouček T, Belza T, Šmalcová J, Bělohlávek J. Microvascular perfusion in cardiac arrest: a review of microcirculatory imaging studies. Perfusion 2017; 33:8-15. [DOI: 10.1177/0267659117723455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac arrest represents a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in developed countries. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) increases the chances for a beneficial outcome in victims of refractory cardiac arrest. However, ECPR and post-cardiac arrest care are affected by high mortality rates due to multi-organ failure syndrome, which is closely related to microcirculatory disorders. Therefore, microcirculation represents a key target for therapeutic interventions in post-cardiac arrest patients. However, the evaluation of tissue microcirculatory perfusion is still demanding to perform. Novel videomicroscopic technologies (Orthogonal polarization spectral, Sidestream dark field and Incident dark field imaging) might offer a promising way to perform bedside microcirculatory assessment and therapy monitoring. This review aims to summarise the recent body of knowledge on videomicroscopic imaging in a cardiac arrest setting and to discuss the impact of extracorporeal reperfusion and other therapeutic modalities on microcirculation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Krupičková
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Neonatology with NICU, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Mormanová
- Department of Neonatology, Krajska Nemocnice Liberec, a. s., Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Bouček
- 2nd Department of Medicine - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Belza
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Šmalcová
- 2nd Department of Medicine - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Bělohlávek
- 2nd Department of Medicine - Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic
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Jung C, Jung F, Kelm M. The microcirculation in hypoxia: The center of the battlefield for oxygen. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2017; 63:169-72. [PMID: 27567802 DOI: 10.3233/ch-1663301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In the past years the microcirculation has gained increasing attention not only by basic scientists, but also by clinicians and translational researchers. In the clinical scenario, it has been convincingly described that the microcirculation is a key predictor of outcome and of central pathophysiological relevance. A vast body of evidence demonstrates the central role of the smallest vessels in inflammation, hyperviscosity, cell-cell-interaction, endothelial function, tissue edema, hemodynamic and blood flow regulation and its important role in the interaction with soluble factors. A central feature of different diseases and a strong regulator of different changes is hypoxia, the lack of oxygen. Also the microcirculation is on one hand a central component responding with dynamic changes to hypoxia but also the central place where hypoxia mediates its unfavorable effects. These changes and associated interactions are the topic of this special thematic issue "Hypoxia" in Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation and it seems logical that important and relevant findings are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Jung
- University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Friedrich Jung
- Institute of Biomaterial Science and Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies, Helmholtz Zentrum Geesthacht, Teltow, Germany
| | - Malte Kelm
- University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Medical Faculty, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Düsseldorf, Germany
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An X, Zhang H, Sun Y, Ma X. The microcirculatory failure could not weaken the increase of systematic oxygen extraction rate in septic shock: An observational study in canine models. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2017; 63:267-79. [PMID: 26639767 DOI: 10.3233/ch-152022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT This study aimed at exploring what level of the microcirculation alteration could weaken the decrease of ScvO2 (or the increase of O2ER) and further result in an abnormally elevated ScvO2. METHODS Beagles were randomly assigned into control (n = 5) and shock group (n = 5). The canines in shock group were intravenously injected with live E. coli (3.5×108 cfu/kg), and the ones in control group were injected with sterile saline. The experiment continued to the animals' death or for a maximum of 24 hours. Hemodynamic parameters, blood gas and inflammatory cytokines level were collected. Microcirculatory parameters were assessed with Sidestream Dark Field (SDF) imaging. The correlation between the microcirculation and oxygen metabolism or inflammatory cytokine, meanwhile the correlation between the oxygen metabolism and inflammatory cytokine was assessed. RESULTS E. coli infusion induced hypodynamic shock. The correlation between microcirculation and oxygen metabolism or inflammatory cytokine, and The correlation between the oxygen metabolism and inflammatory cytokine (O2ER vs. MFI: r = -0.700, P < 0.01; O2ER vs. PVD: r = -0.677, P < 0.01; O2ER vs. PPV: r = -0.538, P < 0.01; MFI vs. IL-6: r = -0.780, P < 0.01; PPV vs. IL-6: r = -0.621, P < 0.01; MFI vs. TNF-α: r = -0.636, P < 0.01; PPV vs. TNF-α: r = -0.561, P < 0.01) were observed. CONCLUSIONS The increase of O2ER cannot be weakened by the microcirculatory failure.
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Ocak I, Kara A, Ince C. Monitoring microcirculation. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2016; 30:407-418. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Pistulli R, Quitter F, Andreas E, Rohm I, Kretzschmar D, Figulla HR, Yilmaz A, Jung C. Intravital microscopy – A novel tool in characterizing congestive heart failure in experimental autoimmune myocarditis. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016; 63:153-62. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-152015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rudin Pistulli
- Jena University Hospital, Clinic of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| | - Felix Quitter
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Dresden, Germany
| | - Elise Andreas
- Jena University Hospital, Clinic of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| | - Ilonka Rohm
- Jena University Hospital, Clinic of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Hans-R. Figulla
- Jena University Hospital, Clinic of Internal Medicine I, Jena, Germany
| | - Atilla Yilmaz
- Internal Medicine II, Elisabeth Hospital Schmalkalden, Schmalkalden, Germany
| | - Christian Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Kaliviotis E, Dusting J, Sherwood JM, Balabani S. Quantifying local characteristics of velocity, aggregation and hematocrit of human erythrocytes in a microchannel flow. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016; 63:123-48. [DOI: 10.3233/ch-151980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Efstathios Kaliviotis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science and Engineering, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, UK
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Abstract
Adequate monitoring of patients on intensive care units is of highest priority to provide optimal treatment and to detect patients at risk. Within recent years the microcirculation became more and more attention due to its central importance for the outcome of patients. Microcirculatory disorders may include capillary flow disturbances as well as changes in the density of perfused vessels. In the clinical setting, the most often used parameter to detect alterations in the microcirculation is serum lactate. Since this parameter is characterized by major limitations, other strategies including non-invasive methods to quantify microvascular perfusion have been developed. A successful surveillance of the microcirculation in the individual patient may guide diagnostic and treatment strategies in order to optimize organ perfusion and oxygenation, subsequently leading to an individualized therapy. Intravital microscopy has been used to stratify patients at risk and to predict patients' outcome. The aim of this review is to evaluate clinical correlates of microcirculatory disorders as well as giving an overview of newer diagnostic devices that may directly or indirectly evaluate the microcirculation and are available for use in critically ill patients.
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XU CHUNMEI, DONG WEIGUO. Role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in pathogenesis and disease evaluation of ulcerative colitis. Exp Ther Med 2016; 11:1330-1334. [PMID: 27073444 PMCID: PMC4812492 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The main aim of the present study was to measure hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in serum and colonic mucosa of ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and to analyze its role in the pathogenesis, disease activity and severity of UC. A total of 47 UC patients and 13 UC in remission patients were recruited for the present study. Ten healthy subjects were also included to serve as controls. HIF-1α in the serum was measured using ELISA. The citrate-microwave-SP immunohistochemical method was used to measure the expression of HIF-1α in colonic mucosa. The results showed that, HIF-1α in serum was notably higher in UC patients (73.21±28.65) than UC in remission patients (44.54±14.75) and controls (42.83±15.49). The difference between UC patients and UC in remission patients was significant (P<0.05). A correlation analysis revealed that, the HIF-1α level in serum was positively associated with disease activity, disease severity and endoscopic grade. The expression of HIF-1α in colonic mucosa of UC patients was (58.05±13.83) higher than that in UC in remission patients (3.00±2.72) and controls (3.04±2.69) and this difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). A positive correlation was identified between the expression of HIF-1α in colonic mucosa and the disease activity, severity and endoscopic grade. Thus, the present findings indicated that, HIF-1α is likely to play an important role in the pathogenesis of UC and may serve as a biomarker to evaluate disease activity and severity in UC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- CHUNMEI XU
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - WEIGUO DONG
- Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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de Bruin AFJ, Kornmann VNN, van der Sloot K, van Vugt JL, Gosselink MP, Smits A, Van Ramshorst B, Boerma EC, Noordzij PG, Boerma D, van Iterson M. Sidestream dark field imaging of the serosal microcirculation during gastrointestinal surgery. Colorectal Dis 2016; 18:O103-10. [PMID: 26725570 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed to describe the serosal microcirculation of the human bowel using sidestream dark field imaging, a microscopic technique using polarized light to visualize erythrocytes through capillaries. We also compared its feasibility to the current practice of sublingual microcirculatory assessment. METHOD In 17 patients sidestream dark field measurements were performed during gastrointestinal surgery. Microcirculatory parameters like microvascular flow index (MFI), proportion of perfused vessels (PPV), perfused vessel density (PVD) and total vessel density (TVD) were determined for every patient, sublingually and on the bowel serosa. RESULTS Sixty measurements were done on the bowel of which eight (13%) were excluded, five owing to too much bowel peristalsis and three because of pressure artefacts. Image stability was in favour of sublingual measurements [pixel loss per image, bowel 145 (95% CI 126-164) vs sublingual 55 (95% CI 41-68); P < 0.001] and time to acquire a stable image [bowel 96 s (95% CI 63-129) vs. sublingual 46 s (95% CI 29-64); P = 0.013]. No difference in the MFI was observed [bowel 2.9 (interquartile range 2.87-2.95) vs sublingual 3.0 (interquartile range 2.91-3.0); P = 0.081]. There was a difference in the PPV [bowel 95% (95% CI 94-96) vs sublingual 97% (95% CI 97-99); P < 0.001], PVD [bowel 12.9 mm/mm2 (95% CI 11.1-14.8) vs sublingual 17.4 mm/mm2 (95% CI 15.6-19.1); P = 0.003] and the TVD [bowel 13.6 mm/mm2 (95% CI 11.6-15.6) vs sublingual 17.7 mm/mm2 (95% CI 16.0-19.4); P = 0.008]. CONCLUSION Sidestream dark field imaging is a very promising technique for bowel microcirculatory visualization and assessment. It is comparable to sublingual assessment and the analysis produces a similar outcome with slightly differing anatomical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F J de Bruin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - V N N Kornmann
- Department of Surgery, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - K van der Sloot
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - J L van Vugt
- Department of Surgery, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - M P Gosselink
- Department of Surgery, Maasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A Smits
- Department of Surgery, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - B Van Ramshorst
- Department of Surgery, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - E C Boerma
- Department of Intensive Care, Medical Center Leeuwarden, Leeuwarden, The Netherlands
| | - P G Noordzij
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - D Boerma
- Department of Surgery, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - M van Iterson
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
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