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Radzki D, Negri A, Kusiak A, Obuchowski M. Matrix Metalloproteinases in the Periodontium-Vital in Tissue Turnover and Unfortunate in Periodontitis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2763. [PMID: 38474009 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex non-cellular three-dimensional macromolecular network present within all tissues and organs, forming the foundation on which cells sit, and composed of proteins (such as collagen), glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, minerals, and water. The ECM provides a fundamental framework for the cellular constituents of tissue and biochemical support to surrounding cells. The ECM is a highly dynamic structure that is constantly being remodeled. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are among the most important proteolytic enzymes of the ECM and are capable of degrading all ECM molecules. MMPs play a relevant role in physiological as well as pathological processes; MMPs participate in embryogenesis, morphogenesis, wound healing, and tissue remodeling, and therefore, their impaired activity may result in several problems. MMP activity is also associated with chronic inflammation, tissue breakdown, fibrosis, and cancer invasion and metastasis. The periodontium is a unique anatomical site, composed of a variety of connective tissues, created by the ECM. During periodontitis, a chronic inflammation affecting the periodontium, increased presence and activity of MMPs is observed, resulting in irreversible losses of periodontal tissues. MMP expression and activity may be controlled in various ways, one of which is the inhibition of their activity by an endogenous group of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), as well as reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Radzki
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-208 Gdańsk, Poland
- Division of Molecular Bacteriology, Institute of Medical Biotechnology and Experimental Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Alessandro Negri
- Division of Molecular Bacteriology, Institute of Medical Biotechnology and Experimental Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Aida Kusiak
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosa Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-208 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Michał Obuchowski
- Division of Molecular Bacteriology, Institute of Medical Biotechnology and Experimental Oncology, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, Medical University of Gdańsk, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland
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Wang X, Jing H. Anticancer Potential of ACEIs/ARBs Administration in Colorectal Cancer. Curr Med Chem 2024; 31:4867-4879. [PMID: 38549531 DOI: 10.2174/0109298673249782231226101119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CC) is the fourth most common type of cancer that causes illness and death. Medicines like ACE inhibitors and ARBs, usually used for heart problems, have shown they might help with the growth and development of CC. INTRODUCTION An analysis of ACE inhibitors and colon cancer is conducted in this comprehensive review. The main goal is to see how ACEIs/ARBs affect the chances of getting cancer and dying in patients with CC. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted to identify relevant studies. Inclusion criteria encompassed studies that evaluated the use of ACEIs/ARBs in patients with CC and reported outcomes related to new cancer incidence and mortality. Data from selected studies were extracted and analyzed using appropriate statistical methods. RESULTS The study showed that fewer cancer cases occurred in patients who took ACEIs/ARBs compared to those who did not (RR 0.962, 95% CI 0.934-0.991, p = 0.010). Furthermore, patients with CC who utilized ACEIs/ARBs exhibited a decreased mortality rate compared to non-users (HR 0.833, 95% CI 0.640-1.085, p = 0.175). CONCLUSION This review suggests that using ACEIs/ARBs medicine could help people with CC live longer and lower their chances of dying. These results highlight the potential benefits of utilizing ACE inhibitors in the management of CC, warranting further investigation and consideration in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiyun Jing
- Department of Cardiology, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, Henan, People's Republic of China
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Ji Y, Gao Q, Ma Y, Wang F, Tan X, Song D, Hoo RLC, Wang Z, Ge X, Han H, Guo F, Chang J. An MMP-9 exclusive neutralizing antibody attenuates blood-brain barrier breakdown in mice with stroke and reduces stroke patient-derived MMP-9 activity. Pharmacol Res 2023; 190:106720. [PMID: 36893823 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Rapid upregulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) leads to blood-brain barrier (BBB) breakdown following stroke, but no MMP-9 inhibitors have been approved in clinic largely due to their low specificities and side effects. Here, we explored the therapeutic potential of a human IgG monoclonal antibody (mAb), L13, which was recently developed with exclusive neutralizing specificity to MMP-9, nanomolar potency, and biological function, using mouse stroke models and stroke patient samples. We found that L13 treatment at the onset of reperfusion following cerebral ischemia or after intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) significantly reduced brain tissue injury and improved the neurological outcomes of mice. Compared to control IgG, L13 substantially attenuated BBB breakdown in both types of stroke model by inhibiting MMP-9 activity-mediated degradations of basement membrane and endothelial tight junction proteins. Importantly, these BBB-protective and neuroprotective effects of L13 in wild-type mice were comparable to Mmp9 genetic deletion and fully abolished in Mmp9 knockout mice, highlighting the in vivo target specificity of L13. Meanwhile, ex vivo co-incubation with L13 significantly neutralized the enzymatic activities of human MMP-9 in the sera of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients, or in the peri-hematoma brain tissues from hemorrhagic stroke patients. Overall, we demonstrated that MMP-9 exclusive neutralizing mAbs constitute a potential feasible therapeutic approach for both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabin Ji
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; Department of Neurosurgery, Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yinzhong Ma
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xixi Tan
- Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Department of Neurology, Yangjiang People's Hospital, Yangjiang 529500, China
| | - Dengpan Song
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ruby L C Hoo
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zening Wang
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Xin Ge
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Hongjie Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pingdingshan Second People's Hospital, Pingdingshan 467000, China
| | - Fuyou Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Junlei Chang
- Institute of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with severe epilepsy are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease and arrhythmias. Although antiseizure medications (ASMs) may have indirect protective effects against cardiovascular events by reducing seizure frequency and hence sudden death in epilepsy, some of them exert cardiotoxic effects. AREAS COVERED Patients with epilepsy, mainly those with severe forms, are at higher risk of cardiac disease because their heart can have structural alterations and electrical instability as a consequence of repeated seizures. Some ASMs have direct protective effects through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hypotensive, and lipid-reducing properties. Antiseizure medications can also have toxic cardiac effects including both long-term consequences, such as the increased risk of atherogenesis and subsequent cardiovascular disease due to the influence on lipid profile and pro-inflammatory milieu, and immediate effects as the increased risk of potentially fatal arrhythmias due to the influence on ion channels. Sodium channel blocking ASMs may also affect cardiac sodium channels and this effect is particularly observed in subjects with genetic mutations in cardiac ion channels. Fenfluramine cause valvulopathies in obese subjects and this effect need to be evaluated in epilepsy patients. EXPERT OPINION For the selection of treatment, cardiotoxic effects of ASMs should be considered; cardiac monitoring of treatment is advisable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Zaccara
- Department of Eidemiology, Regional Health Agency of Tuscany, Firenze, Italy
| | - Simona Lattanzi
- Neurological Clinic, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Francesco Brigo
- Department of Neurology, Hospital of Merano (Sabes-asdaa), Merano-Meran, Italy
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de Brouwer P, Bikker FJ, Brand HS, Kaman WE. Is TIMP-1 a biomarker for periodontal disease? A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontal Res 2021; 57:235-245. [PMID: 34850390 PMCID: PMC9299605 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Objective One of the most important families of proteases associated with periodontal disease is the family of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Their activity is regulated by tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), and an imbalance between MMP activity and regulation by TIMPs has been associated with the progression of periodontal disease. This strong interaction between TIMPs and MMPs might be an indication that TIMPs can be used as a biomarker to monitor periodontal disease progression in oral fluids. In particular, TIMP‐1 is a frequently studied biomarker for periodontal diseases. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the scientific literature regarding TIMP‐1 concentrations in oral fluids of patients suffering from periodontitis or gingivitis in comparison to healthy individuals. Material and Methods PubMed/ MedLine and Web of Science databases were searched electronically. Studies that met the inclusion criteria were systematically evaluated and assessed for eligibility and risk of bias. Meta‐analysis was performed through the random effects model to assess the association between periodontitis/gingivitis and TIMP‐1 concentration in stimulated saliva, unstimulated saliva, and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Results The search strategy provided a total of 322 studies of which 10 studies met all inclusion criteria. Two studies investigated TIMP‐1 concentrations in GCF, three studies in unstimulated saliva, and five studies investigated TIMP‐1 concentrations in stimulated saliva. Three studies revealed that TIMP‐1 levels in oral fluids were significantly decreased in periodontal disease. Meta‐analysis revealed that there is no statistically significant difference between TIMP‐1 concentration in oral fluids of periodontitis/gingivitis patients in comparison to healthy individuals. Conclusions This systematic review with meta‐analysis shows that periodontal diseases are not associated with a statistically significant change in TIMP‐1 concentration in oral fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puk de Brouwer
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan, Netherlands
| | - Floris J Bikker
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan, Netherlands
| | - Henk S Brand
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan, Netherlands
| | - Wendy E Kaman
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Gustav Mahlerlaan, Netherlands
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Haider M, Al-Rashed F, Albaqsumi Z, Alobaid K, Alqabandi R, Al-Mulla F, Ahmad R. Candida albicans Induces Foaming and Inflammation in Macrophages through FABP4: Its Implication for Atherosclerosis. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111567. [PMID: 34829801 PMCID: PMC8615257 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic degenerative disorder characterized by lipid-dense plaques and low-grade inflammation affecting arterial walls. Foamy macrophages are important in the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and the induction of low-grade inflammation. The presence of lipid-laden macrophages has occurred in infections caused by opportunistic pathogens. Candida albicans is the major cause of candidiasis in immunocompromised patients, including those with diabetes mellitus. However, the role played by C. albicans in macrophage foaming and the associated inflammation is poorly understood. We investigated whether C. albicans induces foaming along with inflammation in macrophages and, if so, by which mechanism(s). We incubated THP-1 macrophages with heat-killed C. albicans (HKCA). HKCA-induced lipid accumulation in macrophages along with increased expression of inflammatory markers, including CD11b and CD11c or expression and secretion of IL-1β. HKCA also increased the expression of PPARγ, CD36, and FABP4 in macrophages. Mechanistically, we found that the foamy and inflammatory macrophage phenotype induced by HKCA requires FABP4 because disruption of FABP4 in macrophages either by chemical inhibitor BMS309404 or small interfering RNA (siRNA) abrogated foam cell formation and expression of inflammatory markers CD11b, CD11c, and IL-1β. Furthermore, HKCA-treated macrophages displayed high expression and secretion of MMP-9. Inhibition of FABP4 resulted in suppression of HCKA-induced MMP-9 production. Overall, our results demonstrate that C. albicans induces foam cell formation, inflammation, and MMP-9 expression in macrophages via the upregulation of FABP4, which may constitute a novel therapeutic target for treating C. albicans-induced atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Haider
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait;
| | - Fatema Al-Rashed
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait; (F.A.-R.); (Z.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Zahraa Albaqsumi
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait; (F.A.-R.); (Z.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Khaled Alobaid
- Mycology Reference Laboratory, Medical Laboratory Department, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Hospital, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait;
| | - Rawan Alqabandi
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait; (F.A.-R.); (Z.A.); (R.A.)
| | - Fahd Al-Mulla
- Genetics & Bioinformatics, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Dasman 15462, Kuwait;
| | - Rasheed Ahmad
- Immunology & Microbiology Department, Dasman Diabetes Institute, Kuwait City 15462, Kuwait; (F.A.-R.); (Z.A.); (R.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +965-2224-2999 (ext. 4311)
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