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Raeisi H, Azimirad M, Nabavi-Rad A, Asadzadeh Aghdaei H, Yadegar A, Zali MR. Application of recombinant antibodies for treatment of Clostridioides difficile infection: Current status and future perspective. Front Immunol 2022; 13:972930. [PMID: 36081500 PMCID: PMC9445313 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.972930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile), known as the major cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea, is regarded as one of the most common healthcare-associated bacterial infections worldwide. Due to the emergence of hypervirulent strains, development of new therapeutic methods for C. difficile infection (CDI) has become crucially important. In this context, antibodies have been introduced as valuable tools in the research and clinical environments, as far as the effectiveness of antibody therapy for CDI was reported in several clinical investigations. Hence, production of high-performance antibodies for treatment of CDI would be precious. Traditional approaches of antibody generation are based on hybridoma technology. Today, application of in vitro technologies for generating recombinant antibodies, like phage display, is considered as an appropriate alternative to hybridoma technology. These techniques can circumvent the limitations of the immune system and they can be exploited for production of antibodies against different types of biomolecules in particular active toxins. Additionally, DNA encoding antibodies is directly accessible in in vitro technologies, which enables the application of antibody engineering in order to increase their sensitivity and specificity. Here, we review the application of antibodies for CDI treatment with an emphasis on recombinant fragment antibodies. Also, this review highlights the current and future prospects of the aforementioned approaches for antibody-mediated therapy of CDI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamideh Raeisi
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Azimirad
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Nabavi-Rad
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Asadzadeh Aghdaei
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Yadegar
- Foodborne and Waterborne Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Karvonen H, Barker H, Kaleva L, Niininen W, Ungureanu D. Molecular Mechanisms Associated with ROR1-Mediated Drug Resistance: Crosstalk with Hippo-YAP/TAZ and BMI-1 Pathways. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080812. [PMID: 31382410 PMCID: PMC6721603 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Signaling via the Wnt-related receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) triggers tumorigenic features associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs) and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), while aberrant expression of ROR1 is strongly linked to advanced disease progression and chemoresistance. Several recent studies have shown that Wnt5a binding to ROR1 promotes oncogenic signaling by activating multiple pathways such as RhoA/Rac1 GTPases and PI3K/AKT, which in turn could induce transcriptional coactivator YAP/TAZ or polycomb complex protein BMI-1 signaling, respectively, to sustain stemness, metastasis and ultimately drug-resistance. These data point towards a new feedback loop during cancer development, linking Wnt5a-ROR1 signaling activation to YAP/TAZ or BMI-1 upregulation that could play an important role in disease progression and treatment resistance. This review focuses on the crosstalk between Wnt5a-ROR1 and YAP/TAZ or the BMI-1 signaling network, together with the current advancements in targeted strategies for ROR1-positive cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Karvonen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Harlan Barker
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
| | - Laura Kaleva
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Wilhelmiina Niininen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland
| | - Daniela Ungureanu
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland.
- Tays Cancer Center, Tampere University Hospital, 33520 Tampere, Finland.
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Selection and expression of CD40 single chain variable fragment by phage display and evaluation of tumor specific immune activation. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 71:224-232. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Valedkarimi Z, Nasiri H, Aghebati-Maleki L, Abdolalizadeh J, Esparvarinha M, Majidi J. Production and characterization of anti-human IgG F(ab')2 antibody fragment. Hum Antibodies 2018; 26:171-176. [PMID: 29689714 DOI: 10.3233/hab-180336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In present study an optimized protocol for the separation of antibodies into antigen-binding fragments F(ab')2 using pepsin digestion was investigated. The production of these fragments is a consequential step in the development of medical research, treatment and diagnosis. For production of polyclonal antibody rabbit received antigen in four steps. The rabbit serum at 1/128000 dilution showed high absorbance in reaction with human IgG at the designed ELISA method. Rabbit IgG was purified by Ion-Exchange Chromatography (IEC) method. Purity was assessed by SDS-PAGE method. In non-reduced condition only one band was seen in about 150 kDa MW position and in reduced form, two bands were seen in 50 and 25 kDa MW positions. Rabbit IgG was digested by pepsin enzyme. The antibody fragments solution was applied to Gel filtration column to isolate the F(ab')2. Non-reduced SDS-PAGE for determining the purity of F(ab')2 fragment resulted in one band in 100 kDa corresponds to F(ab')2 fragment and a band in 150 kDa MW position corresponds to undigested IgG antibodies. The activities of FITC conjugated F(ab')2 fragment and commercial ones were compared using flowcytometry method. The activity results implied that the FITC conjugated- anti human F(ab')2 fragment worked as efficiently as the commercial one.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Valedkarimi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Nasiri
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leili Aghebati-Maleki
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jalal Abdolalizadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mojghan Esparvarinha
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jafar Majidi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Yin Z, Gao M, Chu S, Su Y, Ye C, Wang Y, Pan Z, Wang Z, Zhang H, Tong H, Zhu J. Antitumor activity of a newly developed monoclonal antibody against ROR1 in ovarian cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:94210-94222. [PMID: 29212222 PMCID: PMC5706868 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Receptor-tyrosine-kinase-like Orphan Receptor 1 (ROR1) is a tyrosine-protein kinase transmembrane receptor and ROR1 overexpression is associated with a poor prognosis in various cancers, including ovarian cancer. Targeting of ROR1 has been evaluated as a novel cancer therapy strategy. This study developed a novel chimeric anti-ROR1 Fab antibody (named ROR1-cFab) and then assessed the antitumor activity of this antibody in ovarian cancer cells, an in vitro model of preclinical cancer therapy. A ROR1-cFab prokaryotic expression vector was constructed from positive fusion cells (splenocytes from mice with high ROR1 immune titers were fused with myeloma cells) after three rounds of sub-clone affinity screening. Then, a variety of assays were employed to assess the binding selectivity and specificity of ROR1-cFab to ROR1 protein. Furthermore, CCK8, flow cytometric apoptosis, wound healing, and Transwell migration assays were used to assess antitumor activity of this newly developed anti-ROR1 antibody in ovarian cancer cells. We demonstrated that ROR1-cFab could specifically bind to ROR1 protein and ROR1-positive ovarian cancer A2780 cells. Functional assays revealed that ROR1-cFab inhibited tumor cell proliferation and migration, as well as inducing apoptosis of ROR1-positive A2780 cells in a dose dependent manner. These effects were not observed in ROR1-negative lose386 cells. In conclusion, ROR1-cFab is a novel anti-ROR1 antibody with a high affinity to ROR1 protein and inhibitory effects on ROR1-positive cells. Future studies will determine whether the ROR1-cFab might be a promising candidate for treatment of ROR1-positive ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengna Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Mengyun Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Sasa Chu
- Department of Infectious Disease, Institute of Liver Disease, Nanjing Jingdu Hospital, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yiping Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Chunping Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Yiquan Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine, Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200071, China
| | - Zhuanqin Pan
- Department of Nursing, Gaoyou People’s Hospital, Yangzhou 225600, China
| | - Zhuming Wang
- Department of Pathology, Chinese Ministry of Health-designated Key Laboratory of Antibody Technology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Huilin Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Hua Tong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210004, China
| | - Jin Zhu
- Huadong Medical Institute of Biotechniques, Nanjing 210002, China
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Valedkarimi Z, Nasiri H, Aghebati-Maleki L, Majidi J. Antibody-cytokine fusion proteins for improving efficacy and safety of cancer therapy. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:731-742. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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Sun Z, Yan L, Tang J, Qian Q, Lenberg J, Zhu D, Liu W, Wu K, Wang Y, Lu S. Brief introduction of current technologies in isolation of broadly neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies. Virus Res 2017; 243:75-82. [PMID: 29051051 PMCID: PMC7114535 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
HIV/AIDS has become a worldwide pandemic. Before an effective HIV-1 vaccine eliciting broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bnmAbs) is fully developed, passive immunization for prevention and treatment of HIV-1 infection may alleviate the burden caused by the pandemic. Among HIV-1 infected individuals, about 20% of them generated cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies two to four years after infection, the details of which could provide knowledge for effective vaccine design. Recent progress in techniques for isolation of human broadly neutralizing antibodies has facilitated the study of passive immunization. The isolation and characterization of large panels of potent human broadly neutralizing antibodies has revealed new insights into the principles of antibody-mediated neutralization of HIV. In this paper, we review the current effective techniques in broadly neutralizing antibody isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zehua Sun
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO, 80206, United States.
| | - Lixin Yan
- Harbin Medical University Affiliated 2nd Hospital, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, China.
| | - Jiansong Tang
- Department of Technical Specialist, China Bioengineering Technology Group Limited, Unit 209,Building 16W, Hong Kong Science Park, Shatin, NT, HK, 999077, Hong Kong
| | - Qian Qian
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO, 80206, United States
| | - Jerica Lenberg
- Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO, 80206, United States; Augustana University, 2001 S Summit Avenue, Sioux Falls, SD, 571977, United States
| | - Dandan Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX, 77030, United States
| | - Wan Liu
- Harbin Medical University Affiliated 2nd Hospital, 246 Xuefu Road, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Kao Wu
- Glyn O. Philips Hydrocolloid Research Center at HUT, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, China
| | - Yilin Wang
- University of California, Irvine. 100 Pacific, Irvine, CA, 92618, United States
| | - Shiqiang Lu
- AIDS Institute, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, No21 Sassoon Road, 999077, Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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