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Behof WJ, Haynes JR, Whitmore CA, Cheung YY, Tantawy MN, Peterson TE, Wijesinghe P, Matsubara JA, Pham W. Synthesis and Evaluation of a Novel PET Radioligand for Imaging Glutaminyl Cyclase Activity as a Biomarker for Detecting Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Sens 2024; 9:2605-2613. [PMID: 38718161 PMCID: PMC11129349 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Several new lines of research have demonstrated that a significant number of amyloid-β peptides found in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are truncated and undergo post-translational modification by glutaminyl cyclase (QC) at the N-terminal. Notably, QC's products of Abeta-pE3 and Abeta-pE11 have been active targets for investigational drug development. This work describes the design, synthesis, characterization, and in vivo validation of a novel PET radioligand, [18F]PB0822, for targeted imaging of QC. We report herein a simplified and robust chemistry for the synthesis of the standard compound, [19F]PB0822, and the corresponding [18F]PB0822 radioligand. The PET probe was developed with 99.9% radiochemical purity, a molar activity of 965 Ci.mmol-1, and an IC50 of 56.3 nM, comparable to those of the parent PQ912 inhibitor (62.5 nM). Noninvasive PET imaging showed that the probe is distributed in the brain 5 min after intravenous injection. Further, in vivo PET imaging with [18F]PB0822 revealed that AD 5XFAD mice harbor significantly higher QC activity than WT counterparts. The data also suggested that QC activity is found across different brain regions of the tested animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Behof
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Justin R Haynes
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Clayton A Whitmore
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Yiu-Yin Cheung
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Mohammed N Tantawy
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Todd E Peterson
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Printha Wijesinghe
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z3N9, Canada
| | - Joanne A Matsubara
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z3N9, Canada
| | - Wellington Pham
- Vanderbilt University Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Memory and Alzheimer's Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
- Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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Rastegar-Pouyani N, Dongsar TS, Ataei M, Hassani S, Gumpricht E, Kesharwani P, Sahebkar A. An overview of the efficacy of inhaled curcumin: a new mode of administration for an old molecule. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024. [PMID: 38771504 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2024.2358880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Curcumin is a polyphenol with a variety of pharmacological actions. Despite its therapeutic effects and well-known safety profile, the utility of curcumin has been limited due to its deprived physical, chemical, and pharmacokinetic profile resulting from limited solubility, durability, prompt deterioration and pitiable systemic availability. Employment of an amalgamated framework integrating the potential advantages of a nanoscaffold alongside the beneficial traits of inhalational drug delivery system beautifully bringing down the restricting attributes of intended curative interventions and further assures its clinical success. AREAS COVERED Current review discussed different application of inhalable nanocurcumin in different medical conditions. Lung diseases have been the prime field in which inhalable nanocurcumin had resulted in significant beneficial effects. Apart from this several lung protective potentials of the inhaled nanocurcumin have been discussed against severe pulmonary disorders such as pulmonary fibrosis, radiation pneumonitis and IUGR induced bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Also, application of the disclosed intervention in the clinical management of COVID-19 and Alzheimer's Disease has been discussed. EXPERT OPINION In this portion, the potential of inhalable nanocurcumin in addressing various medical conditions along with ongoing advancements in nanoencapsulation techniques and the existing challenges in transitioning from pre-clinical models to clinical practice has been summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nima Rastegar-Pouyani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Tenzin Sonam Dongsar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mahshid Ataei
- Toxicology and Diseases Specialty Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Shokoufeh Hassani
- Toxicology and Diseases Specialty Group, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Eric Gumpricht
- Department of Pharmacology, Isagenix International, LLC, Gilbert, Arizona, AZ, USA
| | - Prashant Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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A novel antioxidant ergothioneine PET radioligand for in vivo imaging applications. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18450. [PMID: 34531467 PMCID: PMC8446031 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97925-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ergothioneine (ERGO) is a rare amino acid mostly found in fungi, including mushrooms, with recognized antioxidant activity to protect tissues from damage by reactive oxygen species (ROS) components. Prior to this publication, the biodistribution of ERGO has been performed solely in vitro using extracted tissues. The aim of this study was to develop a feasible chemistry for the synthesis of an ERGO PET radioligand, [11C]ERGO, to facilitate in vivo study. The radioligand probe was synthesized with identical structure to ERGO by employing an orthogonal protection/deprotection approach. [11C]methylation of the precursor was performed via [11C]CH3OTf to provide [11C]ERGO radioligand. The [11C]ERGO was isolated by RP-HPLC with a molar activity of 690 TBq/mmol. To demonstrate the biodistribution of the radioligand, we administered approximately 37 MBq/0.1 mL in 5XFAD mice, a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease via the tail vein. The distribution of ERGO in the brain was monitored using 90-min dynamic PET scans. The delivery and specific retention of [11C]ERGO in an LPS-mediated neuroinflammation mouse model was also demonstrated. For the pharmacokinetic study, the concentration of the compound in the serum started to decrease 10 min after injection while starting to distribute in other peripheral tissues. In particular, a significant amount of the compound was found in the eyes and small intestine. The radioligand was also distributed in several regions of the brain of 5XFAD mice, and the signal remained strong 30 min post-injection. This is the first time the biodistribution of this antioxidant and rare amino acid has been demonstrated in a preclinical mouse model in a highly sensitive and non-invasive manner.
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Maiti P, Bowers Z, Bourcier-Schultz A, Morse J, Dunbar GL. Preservation of dendritic spine morphology and postsynaptic signaling markers after treatment with solid lipid curcumin particles in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's amyloidosis. Alzheimers Res Ther 2021; 13:37. [PMID: 33557949 PMCID: PMC7871397 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-021-00769-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synaptic failure is one of the principal events associated with cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Preservation of existing synapses and prevention of synaptic loss are promising strategies to preserve cognitive function in AD patients. As a potent natural anti-oxidant, anti-amyloid, and anti-inflammatory polyphenol, curcumin (Cur) shows great promise as a therapy for AD. However, hydrophobicity of natural Cur limits its solubility, stability, bioavailability, and clinical utility for AD therapy. We have demonstrated that solid lipid curcumin particles (SLCP) have greater therapeutic potential than natural Cur in vitro and in vivo models of AD. In the present study, we have investigated whether SLCP has any preservative role on affected dendritic spines and synaptic markers in 5xFAD mice. METHODS Six- and 12-month-old 5xFAD and age-matched wild-type mice received oral administration of SLCP (100 mg/kg body weight) or equivalent amounts of vehicle for 2 months. Neuronal morphology, neurodegeneration, and amyloid plaque load were investigated from prefrontal cortex (PFC), entorhinal cortex (EC), CA1, CA3, and the subicular complex (SC). In addition, the dendritic spine density from apical and basal branches was studied by Golgi-Cox stain. Further, synaptic markers, such as synaptophysin, PSD95, Shank, Homer, Drebrin, Kalirin-7, CREB, and phosphorylated CREB (pCREB) were studied using Western blots. Finally, cognitive and motor functions were assessed using open-field, novel object recognition (NOR) and Morris water maze (MWM) tasks after treatment with SLCP. RESULTS We observed an increased number of pyknotic and degenerated cells in all these brain areas in 5xFAD mice and SLCP treatment partially protected against those losses. Decrease in dendritic arborization and dendritic spine density from primary, secondary, and tertiary apical and basal branches were observed in PFC, EC, CA1, and CA3 in both 6- and 12-month-old 5xFAD mice, and SLCP treatments partially preserved the normal morphology of these dendritic spines. In addition, pre- and postsynaptic protein markers were also restored by SLCP treatment. Furthermore, SLCP treatment improved NOR and cognitive function in 5xFAD mice. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings indicate that use of SLCP exerts neuroprotective properties by decreasing amyloid plaque burden, preventing neuronal death, and preserving dendritic spine density and synaptic markers in the 5xFAD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panchanan Maiti
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
- Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
- Field Neurosciences Institute, Ascension St. Mary’s Hospital, Saginaw, MI 48604 USA
- College of Health and Human Services, Saginaw Valley State University, Saginaw, MI 48710 USA
| | - Zackary Bowers
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
| | - Ali Bourcier-Schultz
- College of Health and Human Services, Saginaw Valley State University, Saginaw, MI 48710 USA
| | - Jarod Morse
- College of Health and Human Services, Saginaw Valley State University, Saginaw, MI 48710 USA
| | - Gary L. Dunbar
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
- Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
- Field Neurosciences Institute, Ascension St. Mary’s Hospital, Saginaw, MI 48604 USA
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Inhalable Thioflavin S for the Detection of Amyloid Beta Deposits in the Retina. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040835. [PMID: 33562625 PMCID: PMC7915734 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an integrated delivery technology herein employing the aerosolized method to repurpose thioflavin S for imaging amyloid beta (Abeta) deposits in the retina as a surrogate of Abeta in the brain for early detection of Alzheimer's disease. The data showed that wild type (WT) mice also have Abeta deposits in the retinae, albeit much less than 5XFAD mice. Further, only in 5XFAD mice, significant Abeta deposits were found associated with retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in whole-mount and cross-section data. Furthermore, the fluorescent signal depicted from thioflavin S corroborates with Abeta immunohistochemistry staining information. Overall, this probe delivery via inhalation method is also applicable to other Abeta-binding molecules, such as Congo red, curcumin, and thioflavin T. The advantage of imaging retinal amyloid deposits compared to the brain counterparts is that the eye is easily accessible by in vivo imaging and it reduces the effort to design a probe that must cross the formidable blood-brain barrier.
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Yeo SK, Shepelytskyi Y, Grynko V, Albert MS. Molecular Imaging of Fluorinated Probes for Tau Protein and Amyloid-β Detection. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25153413. [PMID: 32731418 PMCID: PMC7435578 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25153413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia and results in progressive neurodegeneration. The incidence rate of AD is increasing, creating a major public health issue. AD is characterized by neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein and senile plaques composed of amyloid-β (Aβ). Currently, a definitive diagnosis of AD is accomplished post-mortem. Thus, the use of molecular probes that are able to selectively bind to NFTs or Aβ can be valuable tools for the accurate and early diagnosis of AD. The aim of this review is to summarize and highlight fluorinated molecular probes that can be used for molecular imaging to detect either NFTs or Aβ. Specifically, fluorinated molecular probes used in conjunction with 19F MRI, PET, and fluorescence imaging will be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah K. Yeo
- Biology Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada;
| | - Yurii Shepelytskyi
- Chemistry and Materials Science Program, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; (Y.S.); (V.G.)
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada
| | - Vira Grynko
- Chemistry and Materials Science Program, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada; (Y.S.); (V.G.)
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada
| | - Mitchell S. Albert
- Thunder Bay Regional Health Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 6V4, Canada
- Chemistry Department, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-807-355-9191
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Neuroprotection by curcumin: A review on brain delivery strategies. Int J Pharm 2020; 585:119476. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Lee D, Kim SM, Kim HY, Kim Y. Fluorescence Chemicals To Detect Insoluble and Soluble Amyloid-β Aggregates. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:2647-2657. [PMID: 31009195 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Misfolded amyloid-β (Aβ) is the key biomarker of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and discoveries of fluorescence chemicals visualizing such Aβ aggregates in the brain have made major contributions in postmortem and antemortem diagnosis of the disorder. Insoluble senile plaques of Aβ in brain tissues are commonly stained with thioflavin and congo red dyes and observed through microscopy, while those in living patient brains are detected via radioisotope-labeled fluorescence chemicals for positron emission tomography. Clinical evidence strongly supports the view that plaques are well-associated with the onset but not with the progression of AD. Plaques could accumulate while cognitive functions of at-risk individuals are still intact, and thus, another biomarker is needed to monitor neurodegeneration. Soluble Aβ oligomers are considered to have strong correlation with neuronal loss and brain atrophy as they are the most neurotoxic forms of misfolded Aβ. However, oligomer-targeting probes encounter several major difficulties in development. There is a significant structural distinction between two Aβ species-plaques are β-sheet-rich while oligomers are unordered-and it is still difficult to isolate and stabilize the oligomeric forms of Aβ. Due to these challenges, soluble oligomer-detecting imaging probes are relatively rare compared to the plaque-targeting chemical probes. This Review describes biochemical and optical characteristics of up-to-date fluorescence chemicals targeting insoluble plaques and soluble oligomers of Aβ. We also highlight the contributions of Aβ fluorescence chemicals to the clinical diagnosis of AD and technical challenges in searching for enhanced imaging probes.
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Kim J, Kim J, Huang Z, Goo N, Bae HJ, Jeong Y, Park HJ, Cai M, Cho K, Jung SY, Bae SK, Ryu JH. Theracurmin Ameliorates Cognitive Dysfunctions in 5XFAD Mice by Improving Synaptic Function and Mitigating Oxidative Stress. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2019; 27:327-335. [PMID: 31006181 PMCID: PMC6513190 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2019.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As the elderly population is increasing, Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has become a global issue and many clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate treatments for AD. As these clinical trials have been conducted and have failed, the development of new theraphies for AD with fewer adverse effects remains a challenge. In this study, we examined the effects of Theracurmin on cognitive decline using 5XFAD mice, an AD mouse model. Theracurmin is more bioavailable form of curcumin, generated with submicron colloidal dispersion. Mice were treated with Theracurmin (100, 300 and 1,000 mg/kg) for 12 weeks and were subjected to the novel object recognition test and the Barnes maze test. Theracurmin-treated mice showed significant amelioration in recognition and spatial memories compared those of the vehicle-treated controls. In addition, the antioxidant activities of Theracurmin were investigated by measuring the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) levels. The increased MDA level and decreased SOD and GSH levels in the vehicle-treated 5XFAD mice were significantly reversed by the administration of Theracurmin. Moreover, we observed that Theracurmin administration elevated the expression levels of synaptic components, including synaptophysin and post synaptic density protein 95, and decreased the expression levels of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba-1), a marker of activated microglia. These results suggest that Theracurmin ameliorates cognitive function by increasing the expression of synaptic components and by preventing neuronal cell damage from oxidative stress or from the activation of microglia. Thus, Theracurmin would be useful for treating the cognitive dysfunctions observed in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihyun Kim
- Departments of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehoon Kim
- Departments of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Zhouchi Huang
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute of Parmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayeon Goo
- Departments of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jung Bae
- Departments of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongwoo Jeong
- Departments of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Jae Park
- Departments of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Mudan Cai
- Departments of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungnam Cho
- Departments of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Yun Jung
- Departments of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Kyung Bae
- College of Pharmacy and Integrated Research Institute of Parmaceutical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Bucheon 14662, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Ryu
- Departments of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea.,Departments of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
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10
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Reddy PH, Manczak M, Yin X, Grady MC, Mitchell A, Tonk S, Kuruva CS, Bhatti JS, Kandimalla R, Vijayan M, Kumar S, Wang R, Pradeepkiran JA, Ogunmokun G, Thamarai K, Quesada K, Boles A, Reddy AP. Protective Effects of Indian Spice Curcumin Against Amyloid-β in Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 61:843-866. [PMID: 29332042 DOI: 10.3233/jad-170512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 195] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of our article is to assess the current understanding of Indian spice, curcumin, against amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced toxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Natural products, such as ginger, curcumin, and gingko biloba have been used as diets and dietary supplements to treat human diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular, respiratory, infectious, diabetes, obesity, metabolic syndromes, and neurological disorders. Products derived from plants are known to have protective effects, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-arthritis, pro-healing, and boosting memory cognitive functions. In the last decade, several groups have designed and synthesized curcumin and its derivatives and extensively tested using cell and mouse models of AD. Recent research on Aβ and curcumin has revealed that curcumin prevents Aβ aggregation and crosses the blood-brain barrier, reach brain cells, and protect neurons from various toxic insults of aging and Aβ in humans. Recent research has also reported that curcumin ameliorates cognitive decline and improves synaptic functions in mouse models of AD. Further, recent groups have initiated studies on elderly individuals and patients with AD and the outcome of these studies is currently being assessed. This article highlights the beneficial effects of curcumin on AD. This article also critically assesses the current limitations of curcumin's bioavailability and urgent need for new formulations to increase its brain levels to treat patients with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Hemachandra Reddy
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Biomedical Studies, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Maria Manczak
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Neurology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Xiangling Yin
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Mary Catherine Grady
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Andrew Mitchell
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Sahil Tonk
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Chandra Sekhar Kuruva
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Murali Vijayan
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | | | - Gilbert Ogunmokun
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Kavya Thamarai
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Kandi Quesada
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Annette Boles
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Arubala P Reddy
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
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11
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Maiti P, Paladugu L, Dunbar GL. Solid lipid curcumin particles provide greater anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects than curcumin in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. BMC Neurosci 2018; 19:7. [PMID: 29471781 PMCID: PMC5824468 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-018-0406-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation and the presence of amyloid beta protein (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles are key pathologies in Alzheimer's disease (AD). As a potent anti-amyloid and anti-inflammatory natural polyphenol, curcumin (Cur) could be potential therapies for AD. Unfortunately, poor solubility, instability in physiological fluids, and low bioavailability limit its clinical utility. Recently, different lipid modifications in the formulae of Cur have been developed that would enhance its therapeutic potential. For example, we have reported greater permeability and neuroprotection with solid lipid curcumin particles (SLCP) than with natural Cur in an in vitro model of AD. In the present study, we compared the Aβ aggregation inhibition, anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory responses of Cur and or SLCP in both in vitro and in vivo models of AD. One-year-old 5xFAD-and age-matched wild-type mice were given intraperitoneal injections of Cur or SLCP (50 mg/kg body weight) for 2- or 5-days. Levels of Aβ aggregation, including oligomers and fibril formation, were assessed by dot blot assay, while Aβ plaque load and neuronal morphology in the pre-frontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus were assayed by immunolabeling with Aβ-specific antibody and cresyl violet staining, respectively. In addition, neuroinflammation was assessed the immunoreactivity (IR) of activated astrocytes (GFAP) and microglia (Iba-1) in different brain areas. Finally, comparisons of solubility and permeability of Cur and SLCP were made in cultured N2a cells and in primary hippocampal neurons derived from E16 pups of 5xFAD mice. RESULTS We observed that relative to Cur, SLCP was more permeable, labeled Aβ plaques more effectively, and produced a larger decrease in Aβ plaque loads in PFC and dentate gyrus (DG) of hippocampus. Similarly, relative to Cur, SLCP produced a larger decrease of pyknotic, or tangle-like, neurons in PFC, CA1, and CA3 areas of hippocampus after 5 days of treatment. Both Cur and or SLCP significantly reduced GFAP-IR and Iba-1-IR in PFC, in the striatum as well as CA1, CA3, DG, subicular complex of hippocampus, and the entorhinal cortex in the 5xFAD mice after 5 days of treatment. CONCLUSIONS The use of SLCP provides more anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective outcomes than does Cur in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panchanan Maiti
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA. .,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA. .,Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA. .,Field Neurosciences Institute, St. Mary's of Michigan, Saginaw, MI, 48604, USA. .,Department of Biology and Brain Research Laboratory, Saginaw Valley State University, Saginaw, MI, 48604, USA.
| | - Leela Paladugu
- 0000 0001 2113 4110grid.253856.fField Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA ,0000 0001 2113 4110grid.253856.fProgram in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
| | - Gary L. Dunbar
- 0000 0001 2113 4110grid.253856.fField Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA ,0000 0001 2113 4110grid.253856.fProgram in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA ,0000 0001 2113 4110grid.253856.fDepartment of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA ,Field Neurosciences Institute, St. Mary’s of Michigan, Saginaw, MI 48604 USA
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Perry NSL, Menzies R, Hodgson F, Wedgewood P, Howes MJR, Brooker HJ, Wesnes KA, Perry EK. A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled pilot trial of a combined extract of sage, rosemary and melissa, traditional herbal medicines, on the enhancement of memory in normal healthy subjects, including influence of age. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 39:42-48. [PMID: 29433682 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2017.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate for the first time the effects of a combination of sage, rosemary and melissa (Salvia officinalis L., Rosmarinus officinalis L. and Melissa officinalis L.; SRM), traditional European medicines, on verbal recall in normal healthy subjects. To devise a suitable study design for assessing the clinical efficacy of traditional herbal medicines for memory and brain function. METHODS Forty-four normal healthy subjects (mean age 61 ± 9.26y SD; m/f 6/38) participated in this study. A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled pilot study was performed with subjects randomised into an active and placebo group. The study consisted of a single 2-week term ethanol extract of SRM that was chemically-characterised using high resolution LC-UV-MS/MS analysis. Immediate and delayed word recall were used to assess memory after taking SRM or placebo (ethanol extract of Myrrhis odorata (L.) Scop.). In addition analysis was performed with subjects divided into younger and older subgroups (≤ 62 years mean age n = 26: SRM n = 10, Placebo n = 16; ≥ 63 years n = 19: SRM n = 13, Placebo n = 6). RESULTS Overall there were no significant differences between treatment and placebo change from baseline for immediate or delayed word recall. However subgroup analysis showed significant improvements to delayed word recall in the under 63 year age group (p < 0.0123) with Cohen's effect size d = 0.92. No adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSION This pilot study indicates that an oral preparation of SRM at the selected dose and for the period of administration is more effective than a placebo in supported verbal episodic memory in healthy subjects under 63 years of age. Short- and long- term supplementation with SRM extract merits more robust investigation as an adjunctive treatment for patients with Alzheimer's disease and in the general ageing population. The study design proved a simple cost effective trial protocol to test the efficacy of herbal medicines on verbal episodic memory, with future studies including broader cognitive assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- N S L Perry
- Dilston Physic Garden, Corbridge, Northumberland, UK.
| | - R Menzies
- The Body Works Centre, 4 Eastgate, Hexham, UK
| | - F Hodgson
- The Body Works Centre, 4 Eastgate, Hexham, UK
| | - P Wedgewood
- The Body Works Centre, 4 Eastgate, Hexham, UK
| | - M-J R Howes
- Jodrell Laboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK
| | - H J Brooker
- Wesnes Cognition Limited, Little Paddock, Streatley Hill, Streatley On Thames, UK
| | - K A Wesnes
- Wesnes Cognition Limited, Little Paddock, Streatley Hill, Streatley On Thames, UK
| | - E K Perry
- Dilston Physic Garden, Corbridge, Northumberland, UK
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Chen M, Du ZY, Zheng X, Li DL, Zhou RP, Zhang K. Use of curcumin in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:742-752. [PMID: 29722330 PMCID: PMC5950688 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.230303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes and describes the use of curcumin in diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of Alzheimer's disease. For diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease, amyloid-β and highly phosphorylated tau protein are the major biomarkers. Curcumin was developed as an early diagnostic probe based on its natural fluorescence and high binding affinity to amyloid-β. Because of its multi-target effects, curcumin has protective and preventive effects on many chronic diseases such as cerebrovascular disease, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. For prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease, curcumin has been shown to effectively maintain the normal structure and function of cerebral vessels, mitochondria, and synapses, reduce risk factors for a variety of chronic diseases, and decrease the risk of Alzheimer's disease. The effect of curcumin on Alzheimer's disease involves multiple signaling pathways: anti-amyloid and metal iron chelating properties, antioxidation and anti-inflammatory activities. Indeed, there is a scientific basis for the rational application of curcumin in prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- Institute of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & Green Chemistry, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Zhi-Yun Du
- Institute of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & Green Chemistry, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xi Zheng
- Institute of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & Green Chemistry, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China; Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Wuyi University; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Dong-Li Li
- Wuyi University; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ren-Ping Zhou
- Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Kun Zhang
- Institute of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & Green Chemistry, College of Light Industry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou; Wuyi University, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China; International Healthcare Innovation Institute (Jiangmen), Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China
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Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Curcumin is a well-established anticancer agent in vitro but its efficacy is yet to be proven in clinical trials. Poor bioavailability of curcumin is the principal reason behind the lack of efficiency of curcumin in clinical trials. Many studies prove that the bioavailability of curcumin can be improved by administering it through nanoparticle drug carriers. This review focuses on the efforts made in the field of nanotechnology to improve the bioavailability of curcumin. Nanotechnologies of curcumin come in various shapes and sizes. The simplest curcumin nanoparticle that increased the bioavailability of curcumin is the curcumin-metal complex. On the other hand, we have intricate thermoresponsive nanoparticles that can release curcumin upon stimulation (analogous to a remote control). Future research required for developing potent curcumin nanoparticles is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parasuraman Aiya Subramani
- a Department of Zoology , Yogi Vemana University , Kadapa , India.,b Centre for Fish Immunology, School of Life Sciences , Vels Institute of Science Technology and Advanced Studies , Chennai , India
| | - Kalpana Panati
- c Department of Biotechnology , Govt. College for Men , Kadapa , India
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McClure R, Ong H, Janve V, Barton S, Zhu M, Li B, Dawes M, Jerome WG, Anderson A, Massion P, Gore JC, Pham W. Aerosol Delivery of Curcumin Reduced Amyloid-β Deposition and Improved Cognitive Performance in a Transgenic Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 55:797-811. [PMID: 27802223 PMCID: PMC5848215 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel approach for the delivery of curcumin to the brain via inhalation of the aerosol for the potential treatment of Alzheimer's disease. The percentage of plaque fraction in the subiculum and hippocampus reduced significantly when young 5XFAD mice were treated with inhalable curcumin over an extended period of time compared to age-matched nontreated counterparts. Further, treated animals demonstrated remarkably improved overall cognitive function, no registered systemic or pulmonary toxicity associated with inhalable curcumin observed during the course of this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard McClure
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Henry Ong
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Vaibhab Janve
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Shawn Barton
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Meiying Zhu
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bo Li
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mary Dawes
- Vanderbilt Cell Imaging Core Laboratory, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - W. Gray Jerome
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Adam Anderson
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Pierre Massion
- Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - John C. Gore
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Wellington Pham
- Institute of Imaging Science, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Radiology and Radiological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Brain Institute, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
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16
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Kolanjiyil AV, Kleinstreuer C, Sadikot RT. Computationally efficient analysis of particle transport and deposition in a human whole-lung-airway model. Part II: Dry powder inhaler application. Comput Biol Med 2016; 84:247-253. [PMID: 27836120 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2016.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary drug delivery is becoming a favored route for administering drugs to treat both lung and systemic diseases. Examples of lung diseases include asthma, cystic fibrosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as well as respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and pulmonary fibrosis. Special respiratory drugs are administered to the lungs, using an appropriate inhaler device. Next to the pressurized metered-dose inhaler (pMDI), the dry powder inhaler (DPI) is a frequently used device because of the good drug stability and a minimal need for patient coordination. Specific DPI-designs and operations greatly affect drug-aerosol formation and hence local lung deposition. Simulating the fluid-particle dynamics after use of a DPI allows for the assessment of drug-aerosol deposition and can also assist in improving the device configuration and operation. In Part I of this study a first-generation whole lung-airway model (WLAM) was introduced and discussed to analyze particle transport and deposition in a human respiratory tract model. In the present Part II the drug-aerosols are assumed to be injected into the lung airways from a DPI mouth-piece, forming the mouth-inlet. The total as well as regional particle depositions in the WLAM, as inhaled from a DPI, were successfully compared with experimental data sets reported in the open literature. The validated modeling methodology was then employed to study the delivery of curcumin aerosols into lung airways using a commercial DPI. Curcumin has been implicated to possess high therapeutic potential as an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer agent. However, efficacy of curcumin treatment is limited because of the low bioavailability of curcumin when ingested. Hence, alternative drug administration techniques, e.g., using inhalable curcumin-aerosols, are under investigation. Based on the present results, it can be concluded that use of a DPI leads to low lung deposition efficiencies because large amounts of drugs are deposited in the oral cavity. Hence, the output of a modified DPI has been evaluated to achieve improved drug delivery, especially needed when targeting the smaller lung airways. This study is the first to utilize CF-PD methodology to simulate drug-aerosol transport and deposition under actual breathing conditions in a whole lung model, using a commercial dry-powder inhaler for realistic inlet conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun V Kolanjiyil
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7910, United States
| | - Clement Kleinstreuer
- Department of Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7910, United States; Joint UNC-NCSU Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7910, United States.
| | - Ruxana T Sadikot
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University, School of Medicine, United States; Department of Veterans Affairs, Atlanta VAMC, United States
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17
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Tooyama I, Yanagisawa D, Taguchi H, Kato T, Hirao K, Shirai N, Sogabe T, Ibrahim NF, Inubushi T, Morikawa S. Amyloid imaging using fluorine-19 magnetic resonance imaging ((19)F-MRI). Ageing Res Rev 2016; 30:85-94. [PMID: 26772439 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The formation of senile plaques followed by the deposition of amyloid-β is the earliest pathological change in Alzheimer's disease. Thus, the detection of senile plaques remains the most important early diagnostic indicator of Alzheimer's disease. Amyloid imaging is a noninvasive technique for visualizing senile plaques in the brains of Alzheimer's patients using positron emission tomography (PET) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Because fluorine-19 ((19)F) displays an intense nuclear magnetic resonance signal and is almost non-existent in the body, targets are detected with a higher signal-to-noise ratio using appropriate fluorinated contrast agents. The recent introduction of high-field MRI allows us to detect amyloid depositions in the brain of living mouse using (19)F-MRI. So far, at least three probes have been reported to detect amyloid deposition in the brain of transgenic mouse models of Alzheimer's disease; (E,E)-1-fluoro-2,5-bis-(3-hydroxycarbonyl-4-hydroxy)styrylbenzene (FSB), 1,7-bis(4'-hydroxy-3'-trifluoromethoxyphenyl)-4-methoxycarbonylethyl-1,6-heptadiene3,5-dione (FMeC1, Shiga-Y5) and 6-(3',6',9',15',18',21'-heptaoxa-23',23',23'-trifluorotricosanyloxy)-2-(4'-dimethylaminostyryl)benzoxazole (XP7, Shiga-X22). This review presents the recent advances in amyloid imaging using (19)F-MRI, including our own studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikuo Tooyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan.
| | - Daijiro Yanagisawa
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Taguchi
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kato
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan; Biomedical MR Science Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Koichi Hirao
- Northeastern Industrial Research Center of Shiga Prefecture, 27-39 Mitsuya Motomachi, Nagahama 526-0024, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shirai
- Northeastern Industrial Research Center of Shiga Prefecture, 27-39 Mitsuya Motomachi, Nagahama 526-0024, Japan
| | - Takayuki Sogabe
- Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, 224-18 Hiraishi Ebisuno, Kawauchi-cho 771-0182, Japan
| | - Nor Faeizah Ibrahim
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Ya'acob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras 56000, Malaysia
| | - Toshiro Inubushi
- Biomedical MR Science Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Morikawa
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan; Biomedical MR Science Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
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A comparative study of dietary curcumin, nanocurcumin, and other classical amyloid-binding dyes for labeling and imaging of amyloid plaques in brain tissue of 5×-familial Alzheimer's disease mice. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 146:609-625. [PMID: 27406082 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1464-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Deposition of amyloid beta protein (Aβ) is a key component in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). As an anti-amyloid natural polyphenol, curcumin (Cur) has been used as a therapy for AD. Its fluorescent activity, preferential binding to Aβ, as well as structural similarities with other traditional amyloid-binding dyes, make it a promising candidate for labeling and imaging of Aβ plaques in vivo. The present study was designed to test whether dietary Cur and nanocurcumin (NC) provide more sensitivity for labeling and imaging of Aβ plaques in brain tissues from the 5×-familial AD (5×FAD) mice than the classical Aβ-binding dyes, such as Congo red and Thioflavin-S. These comparisons were made in postmortem brain tissues from the 5×FAD mice. We observed that Cur and NC labeled Aβ plaques to the same degree as Aβ-specific antibody and to a greater extent than those of the classical amyloid-binding dyes. Cur and NC also labeled Aβ plaques in 5×FAD brain tissues when injected intraperitoneally. Nanomolar concentrations of Cur or NC are sufficient for labeling and imaging of Aβ plaques in 5×FAD brain tissue. Cur and NC also labeled different types of Aβ plaques, including core, neuritic, diffuse, and burned-out, to a greater degree than other amyloid-binding dyes. Therefore, Cur and or NC can be used as an alternative to Aβ-specific antibody for labeling and imaging of Aβ plaques ex vivo and in vivo. It can provide an easy and inexpensive means of detecting Aβ-plaque load in postmortem brain tissue of animal models of AD after anti-amyloid therapy.
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19
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Examining the potential clinical value of curcumin in the prevention and diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. Br J Nutr 2015; 115:449-65. [DOI: 10.1017/s0007114515004687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AbstractCurcumin derived from turmeric is well documented for its anti-carcinogenic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Recent studies show that curcumin also possesses neuroprotective and cognitive-enhancing properties that may help delay or prevent neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Currently, clinical diagnosis of AD is onerous, and it is primarily based on the exclusion of other causes of dementia. In addition, phase III clinical trials of potential treatments have mostly failed, leaving disease-modifying interventions elusive. AD can be characterised neuropathologically by the deposition of extracellular β amyloid (Aβ) plaques and intracellular accumulation of tau-containing neurofibrillary tangles. Disruptions in Aβ metabolism/clearance contribute to AD pathogenesis. In vitro studies have shown that Aβ metabolism is altered by curcumin, and animal studies report that curcumin may influence brain function and the development of dementia, because of its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as its ability to influence Aβ metabolism. However, clinical studies of curcumin have revealed limited effects to date, most likely because of curcumin’s relatively low solubility and bioavailability, and because of selection of cohorts with diagnosed AD, in whom there is already major neuropathology. However, the fresh approach of targeting early AD pathology (by treating healthy, pre-clinical and mild cognitive impairment-stage cohorts) combined with new curcumin formulations that increase bioavailability is renewing optimism concerning curcumin-based therapy. The aim of this paper is to review the current evidence supporting an association between curcumin and modulation of AD pathology, including in vitro and in vivo studies. We also review the use of curcumin in emerging retinal imaging technology, as a fluorochrome for AD diagnostics.
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Stankowska DL, Krishnamoorthy VR, Ellis DZ, Krishnamoorthy RR. Neuroprotective effects of curcumin on endothelin-1 mediated cell death in hippocampal neurons. Nutr Neurosci 2015; 20:273-283. [DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2015.1119377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dorota L. Stankowska
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, North Texas Eye Research Institute, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | | | - Dorette Z. Ellis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
| | - Raghu R. Krishnamoorthy
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, North Texas Eye Research Institute, 3500 Camp Bowie Boulevard, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA
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Yanagisawa D, Taguchi H, Morikawa S, Kato T, Hirao K, Shirai N, Tooyama I. Novel curcumin derivatives as potent inhibitors of amyloid β aggregation. Biochem Biophys Rep 2015; 4:357-368. [PMID: 29124225 PMCID: PMC5669405 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Modulation of abnormal amyloid β (Aβ) aggregation is considered to be a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Recent in vitro and in vivo experiments suggest that inhibition of Aβ aggregation by curcumin would exert favorable effects for preventing or treating AD. We have previously synthesized a series of novel curcumin derivatives. In this study, we investigated the effects of our curcumin derivatives on Aβ aggregation and the cell toxicities of Aβ aggregates. According to sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) profiles, 14 of 41 compounds showed a significant increase in the densities of the bands of Aβ (1–42) by incubation during the aggregation process relative to those of Aβ (1–42) prepared in the presence of the vehicle control. Of the 14 compounds, four compounds additionally reduced cell toxicity of the Aβ aggregates by incubation during the aggregation process. A significant positive correlation was observed between the cell viability and densities of the bands at ranges of 15–20, 20–37, 37–75, and 75–200 kDa in SDS-PAGE. On the basis of these results, we propose four curcumin derivatives with potential for preventing AD. These curcumin derivatives exhibited high inhibitory effects on Aβ aggregation and induced the formation of lower molecular size Aβ species that have weaker cell toxicity. These compounds may exert therapeutic effects on AD in future in vivo studies. We have synthesized a series of curcumin derivatives (called the Shiga-Y series). We propose 4 potential curcumin derivatives for preventing Alzheimer’s disease. These curcumin derivatives displayed a high inhibitory effect on Aβ aggregation. Lower-molecular-size Aβ aggregates formed with the compounds have reduced toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daijiro Yanagisawa
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Taguchi
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Morikawa
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kato
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
| | - Koichi Hirao
- Northeastern Industrial Research Center of Shiga Prefecture, 27-39 Mitsuya Motomachi, Nagahama 526-0024, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Shirai
- Industrial Research Center of Shiga Prefecture, 232 Kamitoyama, Ritto 520-3004, Japan
| | - Ikuo Tooyama
- Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu 520-2192, Japan
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Zhu W, Wu Y, Meng YF, Wang JY, Xu M, Tao JJ, Lu J. Effect of curcumin on aging retinal pigment epithelial cells. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2015; 9:5337-44. [PMID: 26445530 PMCID: PMC4590412 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s84979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is now one of the leading causes of blindness in the elderly population. The antioxidative effects of curcumin on aging retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells are still unclear. We conducted an in vitro study to investigate the effects of curcumin on aging RPE cells. A pulsed H2O2 exposure aging model was adopted. Aging RPE cells were treated with curcumin 20 µM, 40 µM, and 80 µM. Apoptosis of RPE cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. The intracellular reactive oxygen species concentration was detected using a specific probe and apoptosis-associated proteins were detected by Western blot. Expression of oxidative biomarkers, including superoxide dismutase, maleic dialdehyde, and glutathione, was detected commercially available assay kits. Compared with normal cells, lower cell viability, higher apoptosis rates, and more severe oxidation status were identified in the aging RPE cell model. Curcumin improved cell viability and decreased apoptosis and oxidative stress. Further, curcumin had a significant influence on expression of apoptosis-associated proteins and oxidative stress biomarkers. In conclusion, treatment with curcumin was able to regulate proliferation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in aging RPE cells. Accordingly, application of curcumin may be a novel strategy to protect against age-related change in AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changshu No 2 People's Hospital, Changshu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan Affiliated with Jiangsu University, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Fang Meng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changshu No 2 People's Hospital, Changshu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Yu Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changshu No 2 People's Hospital, Changshu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changshu No 2 People's Hospital, Changshu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Jun Tao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changshu No 2 People's Hospital, Changshu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiong Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Changshu No 2 People's Hospital, Changshu, People's Republic of China
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Stella F, Radanovic M, Canineu PR, de Paula VJR, Forlenza OV. Anti-dementia medications: current prescriptions in clinical practice and new agents in progress. Ther Adv Drug Saf 2015; 6:151-65. [PMID: 26301069 DOI: 10.1177/2042098615592116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Almost three decades after the publication of the first clinical studies with tacrine, the pharmacological treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains a challenge. Randomized clinical trials have yielded evidence of significant - although modest and transient - benefit from cholinergic replacement therapy for people diagnosed with AD, and disease modification with antidementia compounds is still an urgent, unmet need. The natural history of AD is very long, and its pharmacological treatment must acknowledge different needs according to the stage of the disease process. Cognitive and functional deterioration evolves gradually since the onset of clinical symptoms, which may be preceded by several years or perhaps decades of silent, presymptomatic neurodegeneration. Therefore, the pharmacological treatment of AD must ideally comprise both a symptomatic effect to preserve or improve cognition and a disease-modifying effect to tackle the progression of the pathological process. Primary prevention is the ultimate goal, should these strategies be delivered to patients with preclinical AD. In this article, we briefly address the pharmaceutical compounds that are currently used for the symptomatic treatment of AD and discuss the ongoing strategies designed to modify its natural course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florindo Stella
- Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, and UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Biosciences Institute, Campus of Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcia Radanovic
- Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Renato Canineu
- Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Vanessa J R de Paula
- Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Orestes V Forlenza
- Laboratory of Neurosciences (LIM-27), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Rua Dr. Ovídio Pires de Campos 785, 05403-010 - São Paulo, Brazil
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