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Shi H, Zhao Y. Modulation of Tau Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease by Dietary Bioactive Compounds. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:831. [PMID: 38255905 PMCID: PMC10815728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Tau is a microtubule-associated protein essential for microtubule assembly and stability in neurons. The abnormal intracellular accumulation of tau aggregates is a major characteristic of brains from patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies. In AD, the presence of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which is composed of hyperphosphorylated tau protein, is positively correlated with the severity of the cognitive decline. Evidence suggests that the accumulation and aggregation of tau cause synaptic dysfunction and neuronal degeneration. Thus, the prevention of abnormal tau phosphorylation and elimination of tau aggregates have been proposed as therapeutic strategies for AD. However, currently tau-targeting therapies for AD and other tauopathies are limited. A number of dietary bioactive compounds have been found to modulate the posttranslational modifications of tau, including phosphorylation, small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) mediated modification (SUMOylation) and acetylation, as well as inhibit tau aggregation and/or promote tau degradation. The advantages of using these dietary components over synthetic substances in AD prevention and intervention are their safety and accessibility. This review summarizes the mechanisms leading to tau pathology in AD and highlights the effects of bioactive compounds on the hyperphosphorylation, aggregation and clearance of tau protein. The potential of using these bioactive compounds for AD prevention and intervention is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huahua Shi
- Department of Bioengineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China;
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Bioengineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Weihai 264209, China;
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
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Datta D, Gopinadhan A, Soto A, Bangirana P, Opoka RO, Conroy AL, Saykin AJ, Kawata K, John CC. Blood biomarkers of neuronal injury in paediatric cerebral malaria and severe malarial anaemia. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad323. [PMID: 38075948 PMCID: PMC10710298 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Persistent neurodisability is a known complication in paediatric survivors of cerebral malaria and severe malarial anaemia. Tau, ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1, neurofilament-light chain, and glial fibrillary acidic protein have proven utility as biomarkers that predict adverse neurologic outcomes in adult and paediatric disorders. In paediatric severe malaria, elevated tau is associated with mortality and neurocognitive complications. We aimed to investigate whether a multi-analyte panel including ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1, neurofilament-light chain, and glial fibrillary acidic protein can serve as biomarkers of brain injury associated with mortality and neurodisability in cerebral malaria and severe malarial anaemia. In a prospective cohort study of Ugandan children, 18 months to 12 years of age with cerebral malaria (n = 182), severe malarial anaemia (n = 158), and asymptomatic community children (n = 118), we measured admission blood levels of ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1, neurofilament-light chain, and glial fibrillary acidic protein. We investigated differences in biomarker levels, associations with mortality, blood-brain barrier integrity, neurodeficits and cognitive Z-scores in survivors up to 24-month follow-up. Admission ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 levels were elevated >95th percentile of community children in 71 and 51%, and neurofilament-light chain levels were elevated >95th percentile of community children in 40 and 37% of children with cerebral malaria and severe malarial anaemia, respectively. Glial fibrillary acidic protein was not elevated in disease groups compared with controls. In cerebral malaria, elevated neurofilament-light chain was observed in 16 children who died in hospital compared with 166 survivors (P = 0.01); elevations in ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 levels were associated with degree of blood-brain barrier disruption (P = 0.01); and the % predictive value for neurodeficits over follow-up (discharge, 6-, 12-, and 24 months) increased for ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (60, 67, 72, and 83), but not neurofilament-light chain (65, 68, 60, and 67). In cerebral malaria, elevated ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 was associated with worse memory scores in children <5 years at malaria episode who crossed to over 5 years old during follow-up cognitive testing [β -1.13 (95% confidence interval -2.05, -0.21), P = 0.02], and elevated neurofilament-light chain was associated with worse attention in children ≥5 years at malaria episode and cognitive testing [β -1.08 (95% confidence interval -2.05, -1.05), P = 0.03]. In severe malarial anaemia, elevated ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 was associated with worse attention in children <5 years at malaria episode and cognitive testing [β -0.42 (95% confidence interval -0.76, -0.07), P = 0.02]. Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 and neurofilament-light chain levels are elevated in paediatric cerebral malaria and severe malarial anaemia. In cerebral malaria, elevated neurofilament-light chain is associated with mortality whereas elevated ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 is associated with blood-brain barrier dysfunction and neurodeficits over follow-up. In cerebral malaria, both markers are associated with worse cognition, while in severe malarial anaemia, only ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 is associated with worse cognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyadyuti Datta
- Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Adnan Gopinadhan
- Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Alejandro Soto
- Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Paul Bangirana
- Department of Psychiatry, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, P.O. Box 7072, Kampala, Uganda
- Global Health Uganda, P.O. Box 33842, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Robert O Opoka
- Global Health Uganda, P.O. Box 33842, Kampala, Uganda
- Aga Khan University Medical College, P.O. Box 30270, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Andrea L Conroy
- Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Andrew J Saykin
- Indiana Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center and Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Keisuke Kawata
- Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University School of Public Health-Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, The College of Arts and Sciences, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Chandy C John
- Ryan White Center for Pediatric Infectious Disease and Global Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Wang X, Zhang N, Li M, Hong T, Meng W, Ouyang T. Ubiquitin C‑terminal hydrolase‑L1: A new cancer marker and therapeutic target with dual effects (Review). Oncol Lett 2023; 25:123. [PMID: 36844618 PMCID: PMC9950345 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1), a member of the lesser-known deubiquitinating enzyme family, has deubiquitinase and ubiquitin (Ub) ligase activity and the role of stabilizing Ub. UCH-L1 was first discovered in the brain and is associated with regulating cell differentiation, proliferation, transcriptional regulation and numerous other biological processes. UCH-L1 is predominantly expressed in the brain and serves a role in tumor promotion or inhibition. There is still controversy about the effect of UCH-L1 dysregulation in cancer and its mechanisms are unknown. Extensive research to investigate the mechanism of UCH-L1 in different types of cancer is key for the future treatment of UCH-L1-associated cancer. The present review details the molecular structure and function of UCH-L1. The role of UCH-L1 in different types of cancer is also summarized and how novel treatment targets provide a theoretical foundation in cancer research is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China,Department of The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Meihua Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Tao Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Wei Meng
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Wei Meng or Dr Taohui Ouyang, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Taohui Ouyang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Dr Wei Meng or Dr Taohui Ouyang, Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwai Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China, E-mail:
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Novel CSF Biomarkers Tracking Autoimmune Inflammatory and Neurodegenerative Aspects of CNS Diseases. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 13:diagnostics13010073. [PMID: 36611365 PMCID: PMC9818715 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The accurate diagnosis of neuroinflammatory (NIDs) and neurodegenerative (NDDs) diseases and the stratification of patients into disease subgroups with distinct disease-related characteristics that reflect the underlying pathology represents an unmet clinical need that is of particular interest in the era of emerging disease-modifying therapies (DMT). Proper patient selection for clinical trials and identifying those in the prodromal stages of the diseases or those at high risk will pave the way for precision medicine approaches and halt neuroinflammation and/or neurodegeneration in early stages where this is possible. Towards this direction, novel cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker candidates were developed to reflect the diseased organ's pathology better. Μisfolded protein accumulation, microglial activation, synaptic dysfunction, and finally, neuronal death are some of the pathophysiological aspects captured by these biomarkers to support proper diagnosis and screening. We also describe advances in the field of molecular biomarkers, including miRNAs and extracellular nucleic acids known as cell-free DNA and mitochondrial DNA molecules. Here we review the most important of these novel CSF biomarkers of NIDs and NDDs, focusing on their involvement in disease development and emphasizing their ability to define homogeneous disease phenotypes and track potential treatment outcomes that can be mirrored in the CSF compartment.
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Guan X, Iyaswamy A, Sreenivasmurthy SG, Su C, Zhu Z, Liu J, Kan Y, Cheung KH, Lu J, Tan J, Li M. Mechanistic Insights into Selective Autophagy Subtypes in Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073609. [PMID: 35408965 PMCID: PMC8998506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells possess a plethora of regulatory mechanisms to maintain homeostasis and ensure proper biochemical functionality. Autophagy, a central, conserved self-consuming process of the cell, ensures the timely degradation of damaged cellular components. Several studies have demonstrated the important roles of autophagy activation in mitigating neurodegenerative diseases, especially Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, surprisingly, activation of macroautophagy has not shown clinical efficacy. Hence, alternative strategies are urgently needed for AD therapy. In recent years, selective autophagy has been reported to be involved in AD pathology, and different subtypes have been identified, such as aggrephagy, mitophagy, reticulophagy, lipophagy, pexophagy, nucleophagy, lysophagy and ribophagy. By clarifying the underlying mechanisms governing these various subtypes, we may come to understand how to control autophagy to treat AD. In this review, we summarize the latest findings concerning the role of selective autophagy in the pathogenesis of AD. The evidence overwhelmingly suggests that selective autophagy is an active mechanism in AD pathology, and that regulating selective autophagy would be an effective strategy for controlling this pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjie Guan
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (X.G.); (A.I.); (S.G.S.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.K.); (K.-H.C.)
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Ashok Iyaswamy
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (X.G.); (A.I.); (S.G.S.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.K.); (K.-H.C.)
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Sravan Gopalkrishnashetty Sreenivasmurthy
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (X.G.); (A.I.); (S.G.S.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.K.); (K.-H.C.)
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Chengfu Su
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (X.G.); (A.I.); (S.G.S.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.K.); (K.-H.C.)
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (X.G.); (A.I.); (S.G.S.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.K.); (K.-H.C.)
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (X.G.); (A.I.); (S.G.S.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.K.); (K.-H.C.)
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Yuxuan Kan
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (X.G.); (A.I.); (S.G.S.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.K.); (K.-H.C.)
| | - King-Ho Cheung
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (X.G.); (A.I.); (S.G.S.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.K.); (K.-H.C.)
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jiahong Lu
- State Key Lab of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Macao, China;
| | - Jieqiong Tan
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
- Correspondence: (J.T.); (M.L.)
| | - Min Li
- Mr. & Mrs. Ko Chi-Ming Centre for Parkinson’s Disease Research, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China; (X.G.); (A.I.); (S.G.S.); (C.S.); (Z.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.K.); (K.-H.C.)
- Institute for Research and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Baptist University, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Correspondence: (J.T.); (M.L.)
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Mondal M, Conole D, Nautiyal J, Tate EW. UCHL1 as a novel target in breast cancer: emerging insights from cell and chemical biology. Br J Cancer 2022; 126:24-33. [PMID: 34497382 PMCID: PMC8727673 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-021-01516-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has the highest incidence and death rate among cancers in women worldwide. In particular, metastatic estrogen receptor negative (ER-) breast cancer and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtypes have very limited treatment options, with low survival rates. Ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase L1 (UCHL1), a ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase belonging to the deubiquitinase (DUB) family of enzymes, is highly expressed in these cancer types, and several key reports have revealed emerging and important roles for UCHL1 in breast cancer. However, selective and potent small-molecule UCHL1 inhibitors have been disclosed only very recently, alongside chemical biology approaches to detect regulated UHCL1 activity in cancer cells. These tools will enable novel insights into oncogenic mechanisms driven by UCHL1, and identification of substrate proteins deubiquitinated by UCHL1, with the ultimate goal of realising the potential of UCHL1 as a drug target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milon Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Daniel Conole
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jaya Nautiyal
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Edward W Tate
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London, UK.
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Butterfield DA. Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L-1 in brain: Focus on its oxidative/nitrosative modification and role in brains of subjects with Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 177:278-286. [PMID: 34737037 PMCID: PMC8684818 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.10.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Neurons must remove aggregated, damaged proteins in order to survive. Among the ways of facilitating this protein quality control is the ubiquitin-proteasomal system (UPS). Aggregated, damaged proteins are targeted for destruction by the UPS by acquiring a polymer of ubiquitin residues that serves as a signal for transport to the UPS. However, before this protein degradation can occur, the polyubiquitin chain must be removed, one residue at a time, a reaction facilitated by the enzyme, ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase (UCH-L1). In Alzheimer disease brain, this normally abundant protein is both of lower levels and oxidatively and nitrosatively modified than in control brain. This causes diminished function of the pleiotropic UCH-L1 enzyme with consequent pathological alterations in AD brain, and the author asserts the oxidative and nitrosative alterations of UCH-L1 are major contributors to mechanisms of neuronal death in this devastating dementing disorder and its earlier stage, mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This review paper outlines these findings in AD and MCI brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Allan Butterfield
- Department of Chemistry and Sanders-Brown Center on Aging, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
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Li B, Xie PJ, Hao YW, Guo Y, Yu JR, Gong DY, Guo J, Zeng JH, Zhang Y. Yuan‑zhi‑san inhibits tau protein aggregation in an Aβ 1‑40‑induced Alzheimer's disease rat model via the ubiquitin‑proteasome system. Mol Med Rep 2021; 23:279. [PMID: 33604685 PMCID: PMC7893680 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.11918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Yuan-zhi-san (YZS) is a classic type of Traditional Chinese Medicine, which has been reported to aid in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). The present study aimed to investigate the effects of YZS on tau protein aggregation, a hallmark of AD pathology, and its possible mechanisms. The results demonstrated that YZS improved learning and memory abilities, and decreased the severity of AD pathology in β-amyloid (Aβ1–40)-induced AD rats. Moreover, YZS administration inhibited the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein at Ser199 and Thr231 sites. Several vital enzymes in the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS), including ubiquitin-activating enzyme E1a/b, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2a, carboxyl terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein, ubiquitin C-236 terminal hydrolase L1 and 26S proteasome, were all significantly downregulated in AD rats, which indicated an impaired enzymatic cascade in the UPS. In addition, it was identified that YZS treatment partly increased the expression levels of these enzymes in the brains of AD rats. In conclusion, the present results suggested that YZS could effectively suppress the hyperphosphorylation of tau proteins, which may be partially associated with its beneficial role in restoring functionality of the UPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Geriatric Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Pei-Jun Xie
- Geriatric Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Wei Hao
- Department of Chinese Internal Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Chinese Internal Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Rong Yu
- Department of Chinese Internal Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Dao-Yin Gong
- Department of Pathology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Jing Guo
- Geriatric Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Hao Zeng
- Geriatric Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Chinese Internal Medicine, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610072, P.R. China
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Targeting Aggrephagy for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020311. [PMID: 32012902 PMCID: PMC7072705 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases in older individuals with specific neuropsychiatric symptoms. It is a proteinopathy, pathologically characterized by the presence of misfolded protein (Aβ and Tau) aggregates in the brain, causing progressive dementia. Increasing studies have provided evidence that the defect in protein-degrading systems, especially the autophagy-lysosome pathway (ALP), plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. Recent studies have demonstrated that AD-associated protein aggregates can be selectively recognized by some receptors and then be degraded by ALP, a process termed aggrephagy. In this study, we reviewed the role of aggrephagy in AD development and discussed the strategy of promoting aggrephagy using small molecules for the treatment of AD.
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Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia, most prevalent in the elderly population and has a significant impact on individuals and their family as well as the health care system and the economy. While the number of patients affected by various forms of dementia including AD is on the increase, there is currently no cure. Although genome-wide association studies have identified genetic markers for familial AD, the molecular mechanisms underlying the initiation and development of both familial and sporadic AD remain poorly understood. Most neurodegenerative diseases and in particular those associated with dementia have been defined as proteinopathies due to the presence of intra- and/or extracellular protein aggregates in the brain of affected individuals. Although loss of proteostasis in AD has been known for decades, it is only in recent years that we have come to appreciate the role of ubiquitin-dependent mechanisms in brain homeostasis and in brain diseases. Ubiquitin is a highly versatile post-translational modification which regulates many aspects of protein fate and function, including protein degradation by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System (UPS), autophagy-mediated removal of damaged organelles and proteins, lysosomal turnover of membrane proteins and of extracellular molecules brought inside the cell through endocytosis. Amyloid-β (Aβ) fragments as well as hyperphosphorylation of Tau are hallmarks of AD, and these are found in extracellular plaques and intracellular fibrils in the brain of individuals with AD, respectively. Yet, whether it is the oligomeric or the soluble species of Aβ and Tau that mediate toxicity is still unclear. These proteins impact on mitochondrial energy metabolism, inflammation, as well as a number of housekeeping processes including protein degradation through the UPS and autophagy. In this chapter, we will discuss the role of ubiquitin in neuronal homeostasis as well as in AD; summarise crosstalks between the enzymes that regulate protein ubiquitination and the toxic proteins Tau and Aβ; highlight emerging molecular mechanisms in AD as well as future strategies which aim to exploit the ubiquitin system as a source for next-generation therapeutics.
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Paudel YN, Angelopoulou E, Jones NC, O’Brien TJ, Kwan P, Piperi C, Othman I, Shaikh MF. Tau Related Pathways as a Connecting Link between Epilepsy and Alzheimer's Disease. ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:4199-4212. [PMID: 31532186 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging findings point toward an important interconnection between epilepsy and Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. Patients with epilepsy (PWE) commonly exhibit cognitive impairment similar to AD patients, who in turn are at a higher risk of developing epilepsy compared to age-matched controls. To date, no disease-modifying treatment strategy is available for either epilepsy or AD, reflecting an immediate need for exploring common molecular targets, which can delineate a possible mechanistic link between epilepsy and AD. This review attempts to disentangle the interconnectivity between epilepsy and AD pathogenesis via the crucial contribution of Tau protein. Tau protein is a microtubule-associated protein (MAP) that has been implicated in the pathophysiology of both epilepsy and AD. Hyperphosphorylation of Tau contributes to the different forms of human epilepsy and inhibition of the same exerted seizure inhibitions and altered disease progression in a range of animal models. Moreover, Tau-protein-mediated therapy has demonstrated promising outcomes in experimental models of AD. In this review, we discuss how Tau-related mechanisms might present a link between the cause of seizures in epilepsy and cognitive disruption in AD. Untangling this interconnection might be instrumental in designing novel therapies that can minimize epileptic seizures and cognitive deficits in patients with epilepsy and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yam Nath Paudel
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 46150, Malaysia
| | - Efthalia Angelopoulou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 10679, Greece
| | - Nigel C. Jones
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), The University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Terence J. O’Brien
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), The University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Patrick Kwan
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne 3800, Australia
- Department of Medicine (Royal Melbourne Hospital), The University of Melbourne, Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 10679, Greece
| | - Iekhsan Othman
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 46150, Malaysia
| | - Mohd. Farooq Shaikh
- Neuropharmacology Research Laboratory, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor 46150, Malaysia
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne 3800, Australia
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12
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Guglielmotto M, Repetto IE, Monteleone D, Vasciaveo V, Franchino C, Rinaldi S, Tabaton M, Tamagno E. Stroke and Amyloid-β Downregulate TREM-2 and Uch-L1 Expression that Synergistically Promote the Inflammatory Response. J Alzheimers Dis 2019; 71:907-920. [PMID: 31450501 DOI: 10.3233/jad-190494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation is involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease, and the transcription factor NF-κB is a player in this event. We found here that the ischemic damage alone or in association with Aβ1-42 activates the NF-κB pathway, induces an increase of BACE1 and a parallel inhibition of Uch-L1 and TREM2, both in vitro and in vivo, in Tg 5XFAD and in human brains of sporadic AD. This mechanism creates a synergistic loop that fosters inflammation. We also demonstrated a significant protection exerted by the restoration of Uch-L1 activity. The rescue of the enzyme is able to abolish the decrease of TREM2 and the parameters of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Guglielmotto
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Debora Monteleone
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Valeria Vasciaveo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Claudio Franchino
- Department of Drug Science and Technology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Sara Rinaldi
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Massimo Tabaton
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (DIMI), Unit of Geriatric Medicine, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Elena Tamagno
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Neuroscience Institute Cavalieri Ottolenghi Foundation (NICO), University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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13
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Tam C, Wong JH, Ng TB, Tsui SKW, Zuo T. Drugs for Targeted Therapies of Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Med Chem 2019; 26:335-359. [PMID: 29714133 DOI: 10.2174/0929867325666180430150940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Revised: 01/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one type of neurodegenerative diseases, which is prevalent in the elderly. Beta-amyloid (Aβ) plaques and phosphorylated tau-induced neurofibrillary tangles are two pathological hallmarks of this disease and the corresponding pathological pathways of these hallmarks are considered as the therapeutic targets. There are many drugs scheduled for pre-clinical and clinical trial that target to inhibit the initiators of pathological Aβ and tau aggregates as well as critical Aβ secretases and kinases in tau hyperphosphorylation. In addition, studies in disease gene variations, and detection of key prognostic effectors in early development are also important for AD control. The discovery of potential drug targets contributed to targeted therapy in a stage-dependent manner, However, there are still some issues that cause concern such as the low bioavailability and low efficacy of candidate drugs from clinical trial reports. Therefore, modification of drug candidates and development of delivery agents are essential and critical. With other medical advancements like cell replacement therapy, there is hope for the cure of Alzheimer's disease in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chit Tam
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jack Ho Wong
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stephen Kwok Wing Tsui
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Zuo
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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14
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Wen Y, Wu Q, Shi Q, Xie Y, Dan W, Chen Y, Ma L. UCH-L1 inhibition aggravates mossy fiber sprouting in the pentylenetetrazole kindling model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 503:2312-2318. [PMID: 29964011 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.06.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Mossy fiber sprouting (MFS) is a pathological phenomenon that is commonly observed in epilepsy, and plentiful data reveal that abnormal phosphorylated modification of tau protein plays a critical role in MSF by the regulation of microtubule dynamics and axonal transport. Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), a proteasomal deubiquitinating enzyme, has been proved to be associated with tau aggregation through mediating degradation of ubiquitinated and hyperphosphorylated tau. Thus, this study aimed to determine the expression of UCH-L1 in the rat hippocampus during the pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced process and to demonstrate the possible correlation with MFS in epileptogenesis. Seizures were established by intraperitoneal injection of PTZ and LDN-57444 was used to inhibit the hydrolase activity of UCH-L1. We used western blot, immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, and timm staining to detect phosphorylated modification of tau and MSF. The results presented that LDN-57444 induced the deteriorated severity of seizures, increased phosphorylation of tau and increased distribution of Timm granules in both the supragranular region of the dentate gyrus (DG) and the stratum pyramidale of CA3 subfield. Our results suggest that UCH-L1 may be associated with hippocampal MSF followed the epileptogenesis through mediating phosphorylation of tau. UCH-L1 may be a potential and novel therapeutic target to limit epileptogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuetao Wen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Number 1, Youyi Road. Yuzhong District, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingyuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Number 165, Xincheng Road, Wanzhou District, 404000, Chongqing, China
| | - Quanhong Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Number 1, Youyi Road. Yuzhong District, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanfeng Xie
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Number 1, Youyi Road. Yuzhong District, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Dan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Number 1, Youyi Road. Yuzhong District, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - YangMei Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Number 76, Linjiang Road, Yuzhong District, 400010, Chongqing, China
| | - Limin Ma
- Department of Neurology, Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Number 165, Xincheng Road, Wanzhou District, 404000, Chongqing, China.
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15
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Uddin MS, Stachowiak A, Mamun AA, Tzvetkov NT, Takeda S, Atanasov AG, Bergantin LB, Abdel-Daim MM, Stankiewicz AM. Autophagy and Alzheimer's Disease: From Molecular Mechanisms to Therapeutic Implications. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:04. [PMID: 29441009 PMCID: PMC5797541 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common cause of progressive dementia in the elderly. It is characterized by a progressive and irreversible loss of cognitive abilities and formation of senile plaques, composed mainly of amyloid β (Aβ), and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), composed of tau protein, in the hippocampus and cortex of afflicted humans. In brains of AD patients the metabolism of Aβ is dysregulated, which leads to the accumulation and aggregation of Aβ. Metabolism of Aβ and tau proteins is crucially influenced by autophagy. Autophagy is a lysosome-dependent, homeostatic process, in which organelles and proteins are degraded and recycled into energy. Thus, dysfunction of autophagy is suggested to lead to the accretion of noxious proteins in the AD brain. In the present review, we describe the process of autophagy and its importance in AD. Additionally, we discuss mechanisms and genes linking autophagy and AD, i.e., the mTOR pathway, neuroinflammation, endocannabinoid system, ATG7, BCL2, BECN1, CDK5, CLU, CTSD, FOXO1, GFAP, ITPR1, MAPT, PSEN1, SNCA, UBQLN1, and UCHL1. We also present pharmacological agents acting via modulation of autophagy that may show promise in AD therapy. This review updates our knowledge on autophagy mechanisms proposing novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sahab Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Anna Stachowiak
- Department of Experimental Embryology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Magdalenka, Poland
| | | | - Nikolay T Tzvetkov
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemical Pharmacology, Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Shinya Takeda
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Tottori University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tottori, Japan
| | - Atanas G Atanasov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Magdalenka, Poland.,Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Leandro B Bergantin
- Department of Pharmacology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Department of Pharmacology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.,Department of Ophthalmology and Micro-technology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Adrian M Stankiewicz
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding, Polish Academy of Sciences, Magdalenka, Poland
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16
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UCH-L1 Inhibition Suppresses tau Aggresome Formation during Proteasomal Impairment. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:3812-3821. [PMID: 28540657 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0558-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
In conditions of proteasomal impairment, the damaged or misfolded proteins, collectively known as aggresome, can accumulate in the perinuclear space and be subsequently eliminated by autophagy. Abnormal aggregation of microtubule-associated protein tau in the cytoplasm is a common neuropathological feature of tauopathies. The deficiency in ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), a proteasomal deubiquitinating enzyme, is closely related to tau aggregation; however, the associated mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we showed that UCH-L1 inhibition interrupts proteasomal impairment-induced tau aggresome formation. By reducing the production of lysine (K63)-linked ubiquitin chains, UCH-L1 inhibition decreases HDAC6 deacetylase activity and attenuates the interaction of HDAC6 and tau protein, finally leading to tau aggresome formation impairment. All these results indicated that UCH-L1 plays a key role in the process of tau aggresome formation by regulating HDAC6 deacetylase activity and implied that UCH-L1 may act as a signaling molecule to coordinate the effects of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and the autophagy-lysosome pathway, which mediate protein aggregates degradation in the cytoplasm.
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17
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Wang KK, Yang Z, Sarkis G, Torres I, Raghavan V. Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase-L1 (UCH-L1) as a therapeutic and diagnostic target in neurodegeneration, neurotrauma and neuro-injuries. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:627-638. [DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1321635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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18
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Reynolds JP, Jimenez-Mateos EM, Cao L, Bian F, Alves M, Miller-Delaney SF, Zhou A, Henshall DC. Proteomic Analysis After Status Epilepticus Identifies UCHL1 as Protective Against Hippocampal Injury. Neurochem Res 2017; 42:2033-2054. [PMID: 28397067 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2260-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Brief, non-harmful seizures (preconditioning) can temporarily protect the brain against prolonged, otherwise injurious seizures. Following focal-onset status epilepticus (SE) in preconditioned (tolerance) and sham-preconditioned (injury) mice, we screened for protein changes using a proteomic approach and identified several putative candidates of epileptic tolerance. Among SE-induced changes to both proteomic screens, proteins clustered in key regulatory pathways, including protein trafficking and cytoskeletal regulation. Downregulation of one such protein, ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 (UCHL1), was unique to injury and not evident in tolerance. UCHL1 inhibition decreased hippocampal ubiquitin, disrupted UPS function, interfered with seizure termination and exacerbated seizure-induced cell death. Though UCHL1 transcription was maintained after SE, we observed downregulation of the pro-translational antisense Uchl1 (AsUchl1) and confirmed that both AsUchl1 and rapamycin can increase UCHL1 expression in vivo. These data indicate that the post-transcriptional loss of UCHL1 following SE is deleterious to neuronal survival and may contribute to hyperexcitability, and are suggestive of a novel modality of rapamycin therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P Reynolds
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Eva M Jimenez-Mateos
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Li Cao
- Department of Neurobiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Fang Bian
- Department of Neurobiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - Mariana Alves
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Suzanne F Miller-Delaney
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - An Zhou
- Department of Neurobiology, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30310, USA
| | - David C Henshall
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Stephen's Green, Dublin 2, Ireland.
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19
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Cui JH, Xie X. UCH-L1 Expressed by Podocytes: a Potentially Therapeutic Target for Lupus Nephritis? Inflammation 2017; 40:657-665. [DOI: 10.1007/s10753-017-0512-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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20
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Öhrfelt A, Johansson P, Wallin A, Andreasson U, Zetterberg H, Blennow K, Svensson J. Increased Cerebrospinal Fluid Levels of Ubiquitin Carboxyl-Terminal Hydrolase L1 in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra 2016; 6:283-94. [PMID: 27504117 PMCID: PMC4965532 DOI: 10.1159/000447239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysfunctions of the ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS), including the highly abundant neuronal enzyme ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1), and autophagy-related changes (lysosomal degradation) are implicated in several neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHOD This study evaluated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of UCH-L1, protein deglycase (DJ-1), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), and tau phosphorylated at threonine 231 (P-tau231) in two independent patient and control cohorts. Cohort 1 included CSF samples from subjects having an AD biomarker profile (n = 10) or a control biomarker profile (n = 31), while cohort 2 was a monocenter clinical study including patients with AD (n = 32), mild cognitive impairment (n = 13), other dementias (n = 15), as well as cognitively healthy controls (n = 20). RESULTS UCH-L1 and P-tau231 were elevated in AD patients compared to controls in both cohorts. CSF levels of DJ-1 and NSE were unchanged in the AD group, whereas they were decreased in the group of other dementia compared to controls in the clinical study. CONCLUSION Our main findings support that the UPS pathway may be impaired in AD, and UCH-L1 may serve as an additional CSF biomarker for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Öhrfelt
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Johansson
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Skaraborg Hospital, Falköping, Gothenburg, Sweden; Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Wallin
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulf Andreasson
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Gothenburg, Sweden; UCL Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital Mölndal, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Mölndal, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johan Svensson
- Department of Endocrinology, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Gothenburg, Sweden; Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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