1
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Weidle UH, Birzele F. Deregulated circRNAs in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer With Activity in Preclinical In Vivo Models: Identification of Targets and New Modalities for Therapeutic Intervention. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2024; 21:213-237. [PMID: 38670587 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is associated with a dismal prognosis due to development of resistance to chemotherapy and metastasis in the peritoneal cavity and distant organs. In order to identify new targets and treatment modalities we searched the literature for up- and and down-regulated circRNAs with efficacy in preclinical EOC-related in vivo systems. Our search yielded circRNAs falling into the following categories: cisplatin and paclitaxel resistance, transmembrane receptors, secreted factors, transcription factors, RNA splicing and processing factors, RAS pathway-related components, proteolysis and cell-cycle regulation, signaling-related proteins, and circRNAs regulating proteins in additional categories. These findings can be potentially translated by validation and manipulation of the corresponding targets, inhibition of circRNAs with antisense oligonucleotides (ASO), small interfering RNAs (siRNA) or small hairpin RNA (shRNA) or by reconstituting their activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich H Weidle
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Munich, Penzberg, Germany;
| | - Fabian Birzele
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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2
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Moine-Franel A, Mareuil F, Nilges M, Ciambur CB, Sperandio O. A comprehensive dataset of protein-protein interactions and ligand binding pockets for advancing drug discovery. Sci Data 2024; 11:402. [PMID: 38643260 PMCID: PMC11032347 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-024-03233-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
This dataset represents a collection of pocket-centric structural data related to protein-protein interactions (PPIs) and PPI-related ligand binding sites. The dataset includes high-quality structural information on more than 23,000 pockets, 3,700 proteins on more than 500 organisms, and nearly 3500 ligands that can aid researchers in the fields of bioinformatics, structural biology, and drug discovery. It encompasses a diverse set of PPI complexes with more than 1,700 unique protein families including some with associated ligands, enabling detailed investigations into molecular interactions at the atomic level. This article introduces an indispensable resource designed to unlock the full potential of PPIs while pioneering a novel metric for pocket similarity for hypothesizing protein partners repurposing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Moine-Franel
- Structural Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3528, Paris, France
- Collège Doctoral, Sorbonne Université, Paris, F-75005, France
| | - Fabien Mareuil
- Structural Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3528, Paris, France
| | - Michael Nilges
- Structural Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3528, Paris, France
| | - Constantin Bogdan Ciambur
- Structural Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3528, Paris, France
| | - Olivier Sperandio
- Structural Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Structural Biology and Chemistry, Institut Pasteur, Université de Paris, CNRS UMR3528, Paris, France.
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3
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Rosenthal ZC, Fass DM, Payne NC, She A, Patnaik D, Hennig KM, Tesla R, Werthmann GC, Guhl C, Reis SA, Wang X, Chen Y, Placzek M, Williams NS, Hooker J, Herz J, Mazitschek R, Haggarty SJ. Epigenetic modulation through BET bromodomain inhibitors as a novel therapeutic strategy for progranulin-deficient frontotemporal dementia. Sci Rep 2024; 14:9064. [PMID: 38643236 PMCID: PMC11032351 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder with currently no disease-modifying treatment options available. Mutations in GRN are one of the most common genetic causes of FTD, near ubiquitously resulting in progranulin (PGRN) haploinsufficiency. Small molecules that can restore PGRN protein to healthy levels in individuals bearing a heterozygous GRN mutation may thus have therapeutic value. Here, we show that epigenetic modulation through bromodomain and extra-terminal domain (BET) inhibitors (BETi) potently enhance PGRN protein levels, both intracellularly and secreted forms, in human central nervous system (CNS)-relevant cell types, including in microglia-like cells. In terms of potential for disease modification, we show BETi treatment effectively restores PGRN levels in neural cells with a GRN mutation known to cause PGRN haploinsufficiency and FTD. We demonstrate that BETi can rapidly and durably enhance PGRN in neural progenitor cells (NPCs) in a manner dependent upon BET protein expression, suggesting a gain-of-function mechanism. We further describe a CNS-optimized BETi chemotype that potently engages endogenous BRD4 and enhances PGRN expression in neuronal cells. Our results reveal a new epigenetic target for treating PGRN-deficient forms of FTD and provide mechanistic insight to aid in translating this discovery into therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary C Rosenthal
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Precision Therapeutics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Daniel M Fass
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Precision Therapeutics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - N Connor Payne
- Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Angela She
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Precision Therapeutics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Debasis Patnaik
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Precision Therapeutics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Krista M Hennig
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Precision Therapeutics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel Tesla
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Gordon C Werthmann
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Charlotte Guhl
- Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Surya A Reis
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Precision Therapeutics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yueting Chen
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Placzek
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Noelle S Williams
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jacob Hooker
- Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joachim Herz
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ralph Mazitschek
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Stephen J Haggarty
- Chemical Neurobiology Laboratory, Precision Therapeutics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Departments of Neurology and Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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4
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Axelsen TV, Olesen C, Khan D, Mohammadi A, Bouzinova EV, Nielsen CJF, Mele M, Hauerslev KR, Pedersen HL, Balling E, Vahl P, Tramm T, Christiansen PM, Boedtkjer E. Antibodies toward Na +,HCO 3--cotransporter NBCn1/SLC4A7 block net acid extrusion and cause pH-dependent growth inhibition and apoptosis in breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:1206-1220. [PMID: 38310186 PMCID: PMC10991555 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-024-02591-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Na+,HCO3--cotransporter NBCn1/Slc4a7 accelerates murine breast carcinogenesis. Lack of specific pharmacological tools previously restricted therapeutic targeting of NBCn1 and identification of NBCn1-dependent functions in human breast cancer. METHODS We develop extracellularly-targeted anti-NBCn1 antibodies, screen for functional activity on cells, and evaluate (a) mechanisms of intracellular pH regulation in human primary breast carcinomas, (b) proliferation, cell death, and tumor growth consequences of NBCn1 in triple-negative breast cancer, and (c) association of NBCn1-mediated Na+,HCO3--cotransport with human breast cancer metastasis. RESULTS We identify high-affinity (KD ≈ 0.14 nM) anti-NBCn1 antibodies that block human NBCn1-mediated Na+,HCO3--cotransport in cells, without cross-reactivity towards human NBCe1 or murine NBCn1. These anti-NBCn1 antibodies abolish Na+,HCO3--cotransport activity in freshly isolated primary organoids from human breast carcinomas and lower net acid extrusion effectively in primary breast cancer tissue from patients with macrometastases in axillary lymph nodes. Inhibitory anti-NBCn1 antibodies decelerate tumor growth in vivo by ~50% in a patient-derived xenograft model of triple-negative breast cancer and pH-dependently reduce colony formation, cause G2/M-phase cell cycle accumulation, and increase apoptosis of metastatic triple-negative breast cancer cells in vitro. CONCLUSIONS Inhibitory anti-NBCn1 antibodies block net acid extrusion in human breast cancer tissue, particularly from patients with disseminated disease, and pH-dependently limit triple-negative breast cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trine V Axelsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Claus Olesen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Danish Khan
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Marco Mele
- Department of Surgery, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark
| | - Katrine R Hauerslev
- Department of Plastic and Breast Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Helene L Pedersen
- Department of Pathology, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark
| | - Eva Balling
- Department of Surgery, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark
| | - Pernille Vahl
- Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Trine Tramm
- Department of Pathology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Peer M Christiansen
- Department of Surgery, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark
- Department of Plastic and Breast Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ebbe Boedtkjer
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
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5
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Balzulat A, Zhu WF, Flauaus C, Hernandez‐Olmos V, Heering J, Sethumadhavan S, Dubiel M, Frank A, Menge A, Hebchen M, Metzner K, Lu R, Lukowski R, Ruth P, Knapp S, Müller S, Steinhilber D, Hänelt I, Stark H, Proschak E, Schmidtko A. Discovery of a Small Molecule Activator of Slack (Kcnt1) Potassium Channels That Significantly Reduces Scratching in Mouse Models of Histamine-Independent and Chronic Itch. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2307237. [PMID: 38350720 PMCID: PMC11022729 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Various disorders are accompanied by histamine-independent itching, which is often resistant to the currently available therapies. Here, it is reported that the pharmacological activation of Slack (Kcnt1, KNa1.1), a potassium channel highly expressed in itch-sensitive sensory neurons, has therapeutic potential for the treatment of itching. Based on the Slack-activating antipsychotic drug, loxapine, a series of new derivatives with improved pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic profiles is designed that enables to validate Slack as a pharmacological target in vivo. One of these new Slack activators, compound 6, exhibits negligible dopamine D2 and D3 receptor binding, unlike loxapine. Notably, compound 6 displays potent on-target antipruritic activity in multiple mouse models of acute histamine-independent and chronic itch without motor side effects. These properties make compound 6 a lead molecule for the development of new antipruritic therapies targeting Slack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Balzulat
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical PharmacyGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 960438Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - W. Felix Zhu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ChemistryGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 960438Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Cathrin Flauaus
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical PharmacyGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 960438Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Victor Hernandez‐Olmos
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMPTheodor‐Stern‐Kai 760596Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Jan Heering
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMPTheodor‐Stern‐Kai 760596Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Sunesh Sethumadhavan
- Institute of BiochemistryGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 960438Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Mariam Dubiel
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfUniversitätsstr. 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Annika Frank
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfUniversitätsstr. 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Amelie Menge
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ChemistryGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 960438Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC)Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life SciencesGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 1560438Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Maureen Hebchen
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical PharmacyGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 960438Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Katharina Metzner
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical PharmacyGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 960438Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Ruirui Lu
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical PharmacyGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 960438Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Robert Lukowski
- Department of PharmacologyToxicology and Clinical PharmacyInstitute of Pharmacy University of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 872076TübingenGermany
| | - Peter Ruth
- Department of PharmacologyToxicology and Clinical PharmacyInstitute of Pharmacy University of TübingenAuf der Morgenstelle 872076TübingenGermany
| | - Stefan Knapp
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ChemistryGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 960438Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC)Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life SciencesGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 1560438Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Susanne Müller
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ChemistryGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 960438Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC)Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life SciencesGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 1560438Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Dieter Steinhilber
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ChemistryGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 960438Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMPTheodor‐Stern‐Kai 760596Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Inga Hänelt
- Institute of BiochemistryGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 960438Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal ChemistryHeinrich Heine University DüsseldorfUniversitätsstr. 140225DüsseldorfGermany
| | - Ewgenij Proschak
- Institute of Pharmaceutical ChemistryGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 960438Frankfurt am MainGermany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMPTheodor‐Stern‐Kai 760596Frankfurt am MainGermany
| | - Achim Schmidtko
- Institute of Pharmacology and Clinical PharmacyGoethe University FrankfurtMax‐von‐Laue‐Str. 960438Frankfurt am MainGermany
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6
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Wu I, Zeng A, Greer-Short A, Aycinena JA, Tefera AE, Shenwai R, Farshidfar F, Van Pell M, Xu E, Reid C, Rodriguez N, Lim B, Chung TW, Woods J, Scott A, Jones S, Dee-Hoskins C, Gutierrez CG, Madariaga J, Robinson K, Hatter Y, Butler R, Steltzer S, Ho J, Priest JR, Song X, Jing F, Green K, Ivey KN, Hoey T, Yang J, Yang ZJ. AAV9:PKP2 improves heart function and survival in a Pkp2-deficient mouse model of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. Commun Med (Lond) 2024; 4:38. [PMID: 38499690 PMCID: PMC10948840 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00450-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a familial cardiac disease associated with ventricular arrhythmias and an increased risk of sudden cardiac death. Currently, there are no approved treatments that address the underlying genetic cause of this disease, representing a significant unmet need. Mutations in Plakophilin-2 (PKP2), encoding a desmosomal protein, account for approximately 40% of ARVC cases and result in reduced gene expression. METHODS Our goal is to examine the feasibility and the efficacy of adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-mediated restoration of PKP2 expression in a cardiac specific knock-out mouse model of Pkp2. RESULTS We show that a single dose of AAV9:PKP2 gene delivery prevents disease development before the onset of cardiomyopathy and attenuates disease progression after overt cardiomyopathy. Restoration of PKP2 expression leads to a significant extension of lifespan by restoring cellular structures of desmosomes and gap junctions, preventing or halting decline in left ventricular ejection fraction, preventing or reversing dilation of the right ventricle, ameliorating ventricular arrhythmia event frequency and severity, and preventing adverse fibrotic remodeling. RNA sequencing analyses show that restoration of PKP2 expression leads to highly coordinated and durable correction of PKP2-associated transcriptional networks beyond desmosomes, revealing a broad spectrum of biological perturbances behind ARVC disease etiology. CONCLUSIONS We identify fundamental mechanisms of PKP2-associated ARVC beyond disruption of desmosome function. The observed PKP2 dose-function relationship indicates that cardiac-selective AAV9:PKP2 gene therapy may be a promising therapeutic approach to treat ARVC patients with PKP2 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Wu
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
- University of Michigan, Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5622, USA
| | - Aliya Zeng
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | | | | | - Anley E Tefera
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Reva Shenwai
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | | | | | - Emma Xu
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Chris Reid
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | | | - Beatriz Lim
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Tae Won Chung
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Joseph Woods
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Aquilla Scott
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Samantha Jones
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | | | | | | | - Kevin Robinson
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Yolanda Hatter
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Renee Butler
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | | | - Jaclyn Ho
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - James R Priest
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Xiaomei Song
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Frank Jing
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Kristina Green
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Kathryn N Ivey
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Timothy Hoey
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Jin Yang
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
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7
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Hagi T, Vangveravong S, Takchi R, Gong Q, Goedegebuure SP, Tiriac H, Van Tine BA, Powell MA, Hawkins WG, Spitzer D. The novel drug candidate S2/IAPinh improves survival in models of pancreatic and ovarian cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6373. [PMID: 38493257 PMCID: PMC10944456 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56928-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer selective apoptosis remains a therapeutic challenge and off-target toxicity has limited enthusiasm for this target clinically. Sigma-2 ligands (S2) have been shown to enhance the cancer selectivity of small molecule drug candidates by improving internalization. Here, we report the synthesis of a novel drug conjugate, which was created by linking a clinically underperforming SMAC mimetic (second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases; LCL161), an inhibitor (antagonist) of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPinh) with the sigma-2 ligand SW43, resulting in the new chemical entity S2/IAPinh. Drug potency was assessed via cell viability assays across several pancreatic and ovarian cancer cell lines in comparison with the individual components (S2 and IAPinh) as well as their equimolar mixtures (S2 + IAPinh) both in vitro and in preclinical models of pancreatic and ovarian cancer. Mechanistic studies of S2/IAPinh-mediated cell death were investigated in vitro and in vivo using syngeneic and xenograft mouse models of murine pancreatic and human ovarian cancer, respectively. S2/IAPinh demonstrated markedly improved pharmacological activity in cancer cell lines and primary organoid cultures when compared to the controls. In vivo testing demonstrated a marked reduction in tumor growth rates and increased survival rates when compared to the respective control groups. The predicted mechanism of action of S2/IAPinh was confirmed through assessment of apoptosis pathways and demonstrated strong target degradation (cellular inhibitor of apoptosis proteins-1 [cIAP-1]) and activation of caspases 3 and 8. Taken together, S2/IAPinh demonstrated efficacy in models of pancreatic and ovarian cancer, two challenging malignancies in need of novel treatment concepts. Our data support an in-depth investigation into utilizing S2/IAPinh for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaomi Hagi
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Suwanna Vangveravong
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Rony Takchi
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Qingqing Gong
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - S Peter Goedegebuure
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Herve Tiriac
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA, San Diego, USA
| | - Brian A Van Tine
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Medical Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Matthew A Powell
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - William G Hawkins
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Dirk Spitzer
- Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, S. Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
- Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, and Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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8
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Kostadinova R, Ströbel S, Chen L, Fiaschetti-Egli K, Gadient J, Pawlowska A, Petitjean L, Bieri M, Thoma E, Petitjean M. Digital pathology with artificial intelligence analysis provides insight to the efficacy of anti-fibrotic compounds in human 3D MASH model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5885. [PMID: 38467661 PMCID: PMC10928082 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55438-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a severe liver disease characterized by lipid accumulation, inflammation and fibrosis. The development of MASH therapies has been hindered by the lack of human translational models and limitations of analysis techniques for fibrosis. The MASH three-dimensional (3D) InSight™ human liver microtissue (hLiMT) model recapitulates pathophysiological features of the disease. We established an algorithm for automated phenotypic quantification of fibrosis of Sirius Red stained histology sections of MASH hLiMTs model using a digital pathology quantitative single-fiber artificial intelligence (AI) FibroNest™ image analysis platform. The FibroNest™ algorithm for MASH hLiMTs was validated using anti-fibrotic reference compounds with different therapeutic modalities-ALK5i and anti-TGF-β antibody. The phenotypic quantification of fibrosis demonstrated that both reference compounds decreased the deposition of fibrillated collagens in alignment with effects on the secretion of pro-collagen type I/III, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and matrix metalloproteinase-3 and pro-fibrotic gene expression. In contrast, clinical compounds, Firsocostat and Selonsertib, alone and in combination showed strong anti-fibrotic effects on the deposition of collagen fibers, however less pronounced on the secretion of pro-fibrotic biomarkers. In summary, the phenotypic quantification of fibrosis of MASH hLiMTs combined with secretion of pro-fibrotic biomarkers and transcriptomics represents a promising drug discovery tool for assessing anti-fibrotic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Simon Ströbel
- InSphero AG, Wagistrasse 27A, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Li Chen
- PharmaNest, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | | | - Jana Gadient
- InSphero AG, Wagistrasse 27A, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Manuela Bieri
- InSphero AG, Wagistrasse 27A, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Eva Thoma
- InSphero AG, Wagistrasse 27A, Schlieren, Switzerland
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9
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Ishigami Y, Wong MS, Martí-Gómez C, Ayaz A, Kooshkbaghi M, Hanson SM, McCandlish DM, Krainer AR, Kinney JB. Specificity, synergy, and mechanisms of splice-modifying drugs. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1880. [PMID: 38424098 PMCID: PMC10904865 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46090-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Drugs that target pre-mRNA splicing hold great therapeutic potential, but the quantitative understanding of how these drugs work is limited. Here we introduce mechanistically interpretable quantitative models for the sequence-specific and concentration-dependent behavior of splice-modifying drugs. Using massively parallel splicing assays, RNA-seq experiments, and precision dose-response curves, we obtain quantitative models for two small-molecule drugs, risdiplam and branaplam, developed for treating spinal muscular atrophy. The results quantitatively characterize the specificities of risdiplam and branaplam for 5' splice site sequences, suggest that branaplam recognizes 5' splice sites via two distinct interaction modes, and contradict the prevailing two-site hypothesis for risdiplam activity at SMN2 exon 7. The results also show that anomalous single-drug cooperativity, as well as multi-drug synergy, are widespread among small-molecule drugs and antisense-oligonucleotide drugs that promote exon inclusion. Our quantitative models thus clarify the mechanisms of existing treatments and provide a basis for the rational development of new therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuma Ishigami
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Mandy S Wong
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
- Beam Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA
| | | | - Andalus Ayaz
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
| | - Mahdi Kooshkbaghi
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA
- The Estée Lauder Companies, New York, NY, 10153, USA
| | | | | | - Adrian R Krainer
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA.
| | - Justin B Kinney
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, 11724, USA.
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10
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Ranjbarvaziri S, Zeng A, Wu I, Greer-Short A, Farshidfar F, Budan A, Xu E, Shenwai R, Kozubov M, Li C, Van Pell M, Grafton F, MacKay CE, Song X, Priest JR, Argast G, Mandegar MA, Hoey T, Yang J. Targeting HDAC6 to treat heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in mice. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1352. [PMID: 38409164 PMCID: PMC10897156 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45440-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) poses therapeutic challenges due to the limited treatment options. Building upon our previous research that demonstrates the efficacy of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) inhibition in a genetic cardiomyopathy model, we investigate HDAC6's role in HFpEF due to their shared mechanisms of inflammation and metabolism. Here, we show that inhibiting HDAC6 with TYA-018 effectively reverses established heart failure and its associated symptoms in male HFpEF mouse models. Additionally, in male mice lacking Hdac6 gene, HFpEF progression is delayed and they are resistant to TYA-018's effects. The efficacy of TYA-018 is comparable to a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, and the combination shows enhanced effects. Mechanistically, TYA-018 restores gene expression related to hypertrophy, fibrosis, and mitochondrial energy production in HFpEF heart tissues. Furthermore, TYA-018 also inhibits activation of human cardiac fibroblasts and enhances mitochondrial respiratory capacity in cardiomyocytes. In this work, our findings show that HDAC6 impacts on heart pathophysiology and is a promising target for HFpEF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aliya Zeng
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Iris Wu
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Ana Budan
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Emma Xu
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Reva Shenwai
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - Cindy Li
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Xiaomei Song
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Timothy Hoey
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jin Yang
- Tenaya Therapeutics, South San Francisco, CA, USA.
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11
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Yang M, Li C, Ye G, Shen C, Shi H, Zhong L, Tian Y, Zhao M, Wu P, Hussain A, Zhang T, Yang H, Yang J, Weng Y, Liu X, Wang Z, Gan L, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Yang G, Huang Y, Zhao Y. Aptamers targeting SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein exhibit potential anti pan-coronavirus activity. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2024; 9:40. [PMID: 38355661 PMCID: PMC10866937 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-024-01748-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging and recurrent infectious diseases caused by human coronaviruses (HCoVs) continue to pose a significant threat to global public health security. In light of this ongoing threat, the development of a broad-spectrum drug to combat HCoVs is an urgently priority. Herein, we report a series of anti-pan-coronavirus ssDNA aptamers screened using Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX). These aptamers have nanomolar affinity with the nucleocapsid protein (NP) of Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and also show excellent binding efficiency to the N proteins of both SARS, MERS, HCoV-OC43 and -NL63 with affinity KD values of 1.31 to 135.36 nM. Such aptamer-based therapeutics exhibited potent antiviral activity against both the authentic SARS-CoV-2 prototype strain and the Omicron variant (BA.5) with EC50 values at 2.00 nM and 41.08 nM, respectively. The protein docking analysis also evidenced that these aptamers exhibit strong affinities for N proteins of pan-coronavirus and other HCoVs (-229E and -HKU1). In conclusion, we have identified six aptamers with a high pan-coronavirus antiviral activity, which could potentially serve as an effective strategy for preventing infections by unknown coronaviruses and addressing the ongoing global health threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghui Yang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chunhui Li
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Guoguo Ye
- National Clinical Research Center for infectious disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518112, China
| | - Chenguang Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Huiping Shi
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Liping Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yuxin Tian
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhao
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Pengfei Wu
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Abid Hussain
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tian Zhang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Haiyin Yang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jun Yang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuhua Weng
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xinyue Liu
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhimin Wang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Lu Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Qianyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China
| | - Yingxia Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for infectious disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518112, China
| | - Ge Yang
- CAMS Key Laboratory of Antiviral Drug Research, Beijing Key Laboratory of Antimicrobial Agents, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Yuanyu Huang
- School of Life Science, Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and Biotherapy, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Yongxiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Targeting Oncology, National Center for International Research of Biotargeting Theranostics, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Biotargeting Theranostics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Targeting Tumor Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, 530021, China.
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12
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Kellaway SG, Potluri S, Keane P, Blair HJ, Ames L, Worker A, Chin PS, Ptasinska A, Derevyanko PK, Adamo A, Coleman DJL, Khan N, Assi SA, Krippner-Heidenreich A, Raghavan M, Cockerill PN, Heidenreich O, Bonifer C. Leukemic stem cells activate lineage inappropriate signalling pathways to promote their growth. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1359. [PMID: 38355578 PMCID: PMC10867020 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45691-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is caused by multiple mutations which dysregulate growth and differentiation of myeloid cells. Cells adopt different gene regulatory networks specific to individual mutations, maintaining a rapidly proliferating blast cell population with fatal consequences for the patient if not treated. The most common treatment option is still chemotherapy which targets such cells. However, patients harbour a population of quiescent leukemic stem cells (LSCs) which can emerge from quiescence to trigger relapse after therapy. The processes that allow such cells to re-grow remain unknown. Here, we examine the well characterised t(8;21) AML sub-type as a model to address this question. Using four primary AML samples and a novel t(8;21) patient-derived xenograft model, we show that t(8;21) LSCs aberrantly activate the VEGF and IL-5 signalling pathways. Both pathways operate within a regulatory circuit consisting of the driver oncoprotein RUNX1::ETO and an AP-1/GATA2 axis allowing LSCs to re-enter the cell cycle while preserving self-renewal capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie G Kellaway
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
- Blood Cancer and Stem Cells, Centre for Cancer Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
| | - Sandeep Potluri
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Peter Keane
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Helen J Blair
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Luke Ames
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Alice Worker
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Paulynn S Chin
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Anetta Ptasinska
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Assunta Adamo
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel J L Coleman
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Naeem Khan
- Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Salam A Assi
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | - Manoj Raghavan
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Centre for Clinical Haematology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - Peter N Cockerill
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Olaf Heidenreich
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Princess Maxima Center of Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Constanze Bonifer
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
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13
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Chen Y, Zhu Z, Wu X, Li H, Guan W, Ren H. CHEK2 knockout is a therapeutic target for TP53-mutated hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:37. [PMID: 38242891 PMCID: PMC10799024 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01777-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, there is still a lack of novel and effective drug targets to improve the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Additionally, the role of CHEK2 in HCC has not been reported yet. The eQTLgen database and two HCC Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) datasets (ieu-b-4953, ICD10 C22.0) were used to find the drug target: CHEK2. Next, Colony, Edu, β-gal, and cell cycle analysis were facilitated to evaluate the role of CHEK2 knockout in HCC. In addition, Nultin-3 was added to evaluate the apoptosis of TP53-mutated HCC cells with CHEK2 knockout. Furthermore, MitoSox, electron microscopy, mitochondrial ATP, and NADH+/NADH levels were assessed in the CHEK2 knockout HCC cells with or without Metformin. Finally, cell-derived tumor xenograft was used to evaluate the role of CHEK2 knockout in vivo. We initially identified a potential drug target, CHEK2, through GWAS data analysis. Furthermore, we observed a significant upregulation of CHEK2 expression in HCC, which was found to be correlated with a poor prognosis. Subsequently, the results indicated that knocking out CHEK2 selectively affects the proliferation, cell cycle, senescence, and apoptosis of TP53-mutant HCC cells. Additionally, the introduction of Nultin-3 further intensified the functional impact on TP53-mutant cells. Then ClusterProfiler results showed high CHEK2 and TP53 mutation group was positively enriched in the mitochondrial ATP pathway. Then we used MitoSox, electron microscopy, mitochondrial ATP, and NADH + /NADH assay and found knockout of CHECK could induce the ATP pathway to inhibit the growth of HCC. Our research introduces a novel drug target for TP53-mutant HCC cells via mitochondrial ATP, addressing the limitation of Nultin-3 as a standalone treatment that does not induce tumor cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyan Chen
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 210008, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhengyi Zhu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 210008, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingyu Wu
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 210008, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 210008, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wenxian Guan
- Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 210008, Nanjing, China.
| | - Haozhen Ren
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Transplantation Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, 210008, Nanjing, China.
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14
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Zhang J, Li L. Network pharmacology prediction and molecular docking-based strategy to explore the potential mechanism of Radix Astragali against hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Sci Rep 2024; 14:516. [PMID: 38177197 PMCID: PMC10767094 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50605-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
To explore the anti-tumor effects of Radix Astragali on hypopharyngeal carcinoma and its mechanism. We have bioinformatically analyzed the potential targets of Radix Astragali and predicted the molecular mechanism of Radix Astragali treating of hypopharyngeal carcinoma. The binding process of the hub targets that could prolong the survival time of hypopharyngeal cancer patients with Radix Astragali was simulated by molecular docking. The results showed that 17 out of 36 hub targets could effectively improve the 5-year survival rate of hypopharyngeal cancer patients. Radix Astragali acts on hypopharyngeal carcinoma by regulating a signaling network formed by hub targets connecting multiple signaling pathways and is expected to become a drug for treating and prolonging hypopharyngeal carcinoma patients' survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Hospital of Chaoyang, Liaoning, 122000, China
| | - Lianhe Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Central Hospital of Chaoyang, Liaoning, 122000, China.
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15
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Brown EJ, Balaguer-Lluna L, Cribbs AP, Philpott M, Campo L, Browne M, Wong JF, Oppermann U, Carcaboso ÁM, Bullock AN, Farnie G. PRMT5 inhibition shows in vitro efficacy against H3K27M-altered diffuse midline glioma, but does not extend survival in vivo. Sci Rep 2024; 14:328. [PMID: 38172189 PMCID: PMC10764357 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48652-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
H3K27-altered Diffuse Midline Glioma (DMG) is a universally fatal paediatric brainstem tumour. The prevalent driver mutation H3K27M creates a unique epigenetic landscape that may also establish therapeutic vulnerabilities to epigenetic inhibitors. However, while HDAC, EZH2 and BET inhibitors have proven somewhat effective in pre-clinical models, none have translated into clinical benefit due to either poor blood-brain barrier penetration, lack of efficacy or toxicity. Thus, there remains an urgent need for new DMG treatments. Here, we performed wider screening of an epigenetic inhibitor library and identified inhibitors of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) among the top hits reducing DMG cell viability. Two of the most effective inhibitors, LLY-283 and GSK591, were targeted against PRMT5 using distinct binding mechanisms and reduced the viability of a subset of DMG cells expressing wild-type TP53 and mutant ACVR1. RNA-sequencing and phenotypic analyses revealed that LLY-283 could reduce the viability, clonogenicity and invasion of DMG cells in vitro, representing three clinically important phenotypes, but failed to prolong survival in an orthotopic xenograft model. Together, these data show the challenges of DMG treatment and highlight PRMT5 inhibitors for consideration in future studies of combination treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Brown
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Leire Balaguer-Lluna
- SJD Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adam P Cribbs
- Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, National Institute of Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Translational Myeloma Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Martin Philpott
- Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, National Institute of Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Translational Myeloma Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Leticia Campo
- Department of Oncology, Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Molly Browne
- Department of Oncology, Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jong Fu Wong
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Udo Oppermann
- Nuffield Department of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Musculoskeletal Sciences, Botnar Research Centre, National Institute of Health Research Oxford Biomedical Research Unit (BRU), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Translational Myeloma Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Ángel M Carcaboso
- SJD Pediatric Cancer Center Barcelona, Hospital Sant Joan de Deu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alex N Bullock
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Gillian Farnie
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Medicines Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Oxford Centre for Translational Myeloma Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Cancer Research Horizons, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
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16
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Wang S, Klein SO, Urban S, Staudt M, Barthes NPF, Willmann D, Bacher J, Sum M, Bauer H, Peng L, Rennar GA, Gratzke C, Schüle KM, Zhang L, Einsle O, Greschik H, MacLeod C, Thomson CG, Jung M, Metzger E, Schüle R. Structure-guided design of a selective inhibitor of the methyltransferase KMT9 with cellular activity. Nat Commun 2024; 15:43. [PMID: 38167811 PMCID: PMC10762027 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44243-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of epigenetic regulators by small molecules is an attractive strategy for cancer treatment. Recently, we characterised the role of lysine methyltransferase 9 (KMT9) in prostate, lung, and colon cancer. Our observation that the enzymatic activity was required for tumour cell proliferation identified KMT9 as a potential therapeutic target. Here, we report the development of a potent and selective KMT9 inhibitor (compound 4, KMI169) with cellular activity through structure-based drug design. KMI169 functions as a bi-substrate inhibitor targeting the SAM and substrate binding pockets of KMT9 and exhibits high potency, selectivity, and cellular target engagement. KMT9 inhibition selectively downregulates target genes involved in cell cycle regulation and impairs proliferation of tumours cells including castration- and enzalutamide-resistant prostate cancer cells. KMI169 represents a valuable tool to probe cellular KMT9 functions and paves the way for the development of clinical candidate inhibitors as therapeutic options to treat malignancies such as therapy-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Wang
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian O Klein
- CIBSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sylvia Urban
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Staudt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nicolas P F Barthes
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominica Willmann
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Bacher
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Manuela Sum
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Helena Bauer
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Ling Peng
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Georg A Rennar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christian Gratzke
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Katrin M Schüle
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lin Zhang
- Institut für Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Einsle
- Institut für Biochemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Holger Greschik
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Calum MacLeod
- Drug Discovery, Pharmaron UK Ltd, Hoddesdon, United Kingdom
| | | | - Manfred Jung
- CIBSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung, Standort Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eric Metzger
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung, Standort Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Roland Schüle
- Klinik für Urologie und Zentrale Klinische Forschung, Klinikum der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- CIBSS Centre of Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
- Deutsches Konsortium für Translationale Krebsforschung, Standort Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
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17
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Pahil KS, Gilman MSA, Baidin V, Clairfeuille T, Mattei P, Bieniossek C, Dey F, Muri D, Baettig R, Lobritz M, Bradley K, Kruse AC, Kahne D. Author Correction: A new antibiotic traps lipopolysaccharide in its intermembrane transporter. Nature 2024; 625:E27. [PMID: 38200318 PMCID: PMC10808052 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07035-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Karanbir S Pahil
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Morgan S A Gilman
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vadim Baidin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Clairfeuille
- Departments of Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology (I2O), Medicinal Chemistry and Lead Discovery, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Patrizio Mattei
- Departments of Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology (I2O), Medicinal Chemistry and Lead Discovery, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Bieniossek
- Departments of Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology (I2O), Medicinal Chemistry and Lead Discovery, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Dey
- Departments of Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology (I2O), Medicinal Chemistry and Lead Discovery, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dieter Muri
- Departments of Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology (I2O), Medicinal Chemistry and Lead Discovery, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Remo Baettig
- Departments of Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology (I2O), Medicinal Chemistry and Lead Discovery, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Lobritz
- Departments of Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology (I2O), Medicinal Chemistry and Lead Discovery, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kenneth Bradley
- Departments of Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology (I2O), Medicinal Chemistry and Lead Discovery, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrew C Kruse
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Daniel Kahne
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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18
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Pahil KS, Gilman MSA, Baidin V, Clairfeuille T, Mattei P, Bieniossek C, Dey F, Muri D, Baettig R, Lobritz M, Bradley K, Kruse AC, Kahne D. A new antibiotic traps lipopolysaccharide in its intermembrane transporter. Nature 2024; 625:572-577. [PMID: 38172635 PMCID: PMC10794137 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06799-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria are extraordinarily difficult to kill because their cytoplasmic membrane is surrounded by an outer membrane that blocks the entry of most antibiotics. The impenetrable nature of the outer membrane is due to the presence of a large, amphipathic glycolipid called lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in its outer leaflet1. Assembly of the outer membrane requires transport of LPS across a protein bridge that spans from the cytoplasmic membrane to the cell surface. Maintaining outer membrane integrity is essential for bacterial cell viability, and its disruption can increase susceptibility to other antibiotics2-6. Thus, inhibitors of the seven lipopolysaccharide transport (Lpt) proteins that form this transenvelope transporter have long been sought. A new class of antibiotics that targets the LPS transport machine in Acinetobacter was recently identified. Here, using structural, biochemical and genetic approaches, we show that these antibiotics trap a substrate-bound conformation of the LPS transporter that stalls this machine. The inhibitors accomplish this by recognizing a composite binding site made up of both the Lpt transporter and its LPS substrate. Collectively, our findings identify an unusual mechanism of lipid transport inhibition, reveal a druggable conformation of the Lpt transporter and provide the foundation for extending this class of antibiotics to other Gram-negative pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karanbir S Pahil
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Morgan S A Gilman
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vadim Baidin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Clairfeuille
- Departments of Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology (I2O), Medicinal Chemistry and Lead Discovery, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Patrizio Mattei
- Departments of Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology (I2O), Medicinal Chemistry and Lead Discovery, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Bieniossek
- Departments of Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology (I2O), Medicinal Chemistry and Lead Discovery, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabian Dey
- Departments of Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology (I2O), Medicinal Chemistry and Lead Discovery, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dieter Muri
- Departments of Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology (I2O), Medicinal Chemistry and Lead Discovery, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Remo Baettig
- Departments of Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology (I2O), Medicinal Chemistry and Lead Discovery, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Michael Lobritz
- Departments of Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology (I2O), Medicinal Chemistry and Lead Discovery, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kenneth Bradley
- Departments of Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology (I2O), Medicinal Chemistry and Lead Discovery, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andrew C Kruse
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Daniel Kahne
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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19
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Qu Z, Dong J, Zhang ZY. Protein tyrosine phosphatases as emerging targets for cancer immunotherapy. Br J Pharmacol 2023. [PMID: 38116815 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Contemporary strategies in cancer immunotherapy, despite remarkable success, remain constrained by inherent limitations such as suboptimal patient responses, the emergence of drug resistance, and the manifestation of pronounced adverse effects. Consequently, the need for alternative strategies for immunotherapy becomes clear. Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) wield a pivotal regulatory influence over an array of essential cellular processes. Substantial research has underscored the potential in targeting PTPs to modulate the immune responses and/or regulate antigen presentation, thereby presenting a novel paradigm for cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we focus on recent advances in genetic and biological validation of several PTPs as emerging targets for immunotherapy. We also highlight recent development of small molecule inhibitors and degraders targeting these PTPs as novel cancer immunotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Qu
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Jiajun Dong
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- Borch Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- Institute for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
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20
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Zhang Y, Wei J, Kong L, Song M, Zhang Y, Xiao X, Cao H, Jin Y. Network pharmacology-based research on the effect of Radix Astragali on osteosarcoma and the underlying mechanism. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22315. [PMID: 38102307 PMCID: PMC10724296 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49597-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the anti-tumor effects of Radix Astragali on osteosarcoma and its mechanism. We analyzed the PPI network of Radix Astragali's potential targets for treating osteosarcoma and got the hub targets. We used KM curves to screen hub targets that could prolong sarcoma patients' survival time. We performed GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of Radix Astragali's potential targets and predicted Radix Astragali's molecular mechanism and function in treating osteosarcoma. The binding process between the hub targets, which could prolong sarcoma patients' survival time, and Radix Astragali was simulated through molecular docking. PPI network analysis of potential therapeutic targets discriminated 25 hub targets. The KM curves of the hub targets showed there were 13 hub targets that were effective in improving the 5-year survival rate of sarcoma patients. GO and KEGG enrichment demonstrated that Radix Astragali regulates multiple signaling pathways of osteosarcoma. Molecular docking results indicated that Radix Astragali could bind freely to the hub target, which could prolong the sarcoma patient's survival time. Radix Astragali act on osteosarcoma by regulating a signaling network formed by hub targets connecting multiple signaling pathways. Radix Astragali has the potential to become a drug for treating osteosarcoma and prolonging the sarcoma patient's survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafang Zhang
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Junqiang Wei
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Lingwei Kong
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Mingze Song
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Yange Zhang
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Xiangyu Xiao
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Haiying Cao
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China
| | - Yu Jin
- Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, 067000, Hebei, China.
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21
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Yu L, Zhao P, Sun Y, Zheng Z, Du W, Zhang L, Li Y, Xie L, Xu S, Wang P. Development of a potent benzonitrile-based inhibitor of glutaminyl-peptide cyclotransferase-like protein (QPCTL) with antitumor efficacy. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:454. [PMID: 38097557 PMCID: PMC10721786 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01715-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pengcheng Zhao
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaoliang Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zening Zheng
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhao Du
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Lishan Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaxu Li
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Longyan Xie
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shilin Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Ping Wang
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Wei J, Li M, Ye Z, Hu X, He X, Wang J, Chen G, Zou C, Xu D, Zhang H, Yuan J, Zha Y. Elevated peripheral levels of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) and IL-8 as biomarkers of human amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:451. [PMID: 38086800 PMCID: PMC10716192 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01713-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating fatal neurodegenerative disease with no cure. Receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) has been proposed to mediate pathogenesis of ALS. Primidone has been identified as an old drug that can also inhibit RIPK1 kinase. We conducted a drug-repurposing biomarker study of primidone as a RIPK1 inhibitor using SOD1G93A mice and ALS patients. SOD1G93A mice treated with primidone showed significant delay of symptomatic onset and improved motor performance. One-hundred-sixty-two ALS participants dosed daily with primidone (62.5 mg) completed 24-week follow-up. A significant reduction was showed in serum levels of RIPK1 and IL-8, which were significantly higher in ALS patients than that of healthy controls (P < 0.0001). Serum RIPK1 levels were correlated positively with the severity of bulbar symptoms (P < 0.05). Our study suggests that serum levels of RIPK1 and IL-8 in peripheral can be used as clinical biomarkers for the activation of RIPK1 in central nervous system in human ALS patients. Repurposing primidone may provide a promising therapeutic strategy for ALS. The effect of primidone for the treatment of other inflammatory diseases may also be considered, since the activation of RIPK1 has been implicated in mediating a variety of inflammatory diseases including COVID-19-associated cytokine release syndrome (CRS). (ChiCTR2200060149).
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Grants
- WJ2021M257 Health and Family Planning Commission of Hubei Province (Hubei Provincial Health Department)
- 2019SHZDZX02 Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Commission)
- 32070737 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 82188101, 91849204, 21837004, 92049303 and 32170755 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- 20JC1411600 Shanghai Science and Technology Development Foundation (Shanghai Science and Technology Development Fund)
- 20QA1411500 Shanghai Science and Technology Development Foundation (Shanghai Science and Technology Development Fund)
- Local science and technology development projects guided by the central government (ZYYD2020000202), Hubei Province’s Outstanding Medical Academic Leader program (EWT201947), Project of Hubei Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Diseases of Nervous System, Yichang Training Talents of Innovation Entrepreneurship and Excellence-creating project (JY201701).
- Science and Technology Research Project of Hubei Provincial Department of Education (Q20221214).
- the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aging Studies (19DZ2260400), the Shanghai Rising Star Program (21QA1411300) and High-Level Talents Program (20220001787).
- the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB39030600), the National Key R&D Program of China (2022ZD0213200), the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aging Studies (19DZ2260400)
- the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project (2019SHZDZX02), the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aging Studies (19DZ2260400).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wei
- Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair and Department of Neurology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Yichang Central Hospital, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Hubei Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Diseases of Nervous System, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Min Li
- Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair and Department of Neurology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Yichang Central Hospital, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Hubei Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Diseases of Nervous System, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Zhi Ye
- Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair and Department of Neurology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Yichang Central Hospital, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Hubei Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Diseases of Nervous System, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Xinqian Hu
- Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair and Department of Neurology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Yichang Central Hospital, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Hubei Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Diseases of Nervous System, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Xiaoyan He
- Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair and Department of Neurology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Yichang Central Hospital, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Hubei Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Diseases of Nervous System, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Jia Wang
- Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair and Department of Neurology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Yichang Central Hospital, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Hubei Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Diseases of Nervous System, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Gaofeng Chen
- Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair and Department of Neurology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Yichang Central Hospital, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Hubei Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Diseases of Nervous System, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Chengyu Zou
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aging Studies, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Daichao Xu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aging Studies, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Hongbing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Junying Yuan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Aging Studies, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Yunhong Zha
- Institute of Neural Regeneration and Repair and Department of Neurology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, Yichang Central Hospital, College of Basic Medical Science, China Three Gorges University, Hubei Province Clinical Medical Research Center for Rare Diseases of Nervous System, Yichang, 443000, China.
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23
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Ackerman L, Acloque G, Bacchelli S, Schwartz H, Feinstein BJ, La Stella P, Alavi A, Gollerkeri A, Davis J, Campbell V, McDonald A, Agarwal S, Karnik R, Shi K, Mishkin A, Culbertson J, Klaus C, Enerson B, Massa V, Kuhn E, Sharma K, Keaney E, Barnes R, Chen D, Zheng X, Rong H, Sabesan V, Ho C, Mainolfi N, Slavin A, Gollob JA. IRAK4 degrader in hidradenitis suppurativa and atopic dermatitis: a phase 1 trial. Nat Med 2023; 29:3127-3136. [PMID: 37957373 PMCID: PMC10719089 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-023-02635-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor-driven and interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor-driven inflammation mediated by IL-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4) is involved in the pathophysiology of hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) and atopic dermatitis (AD). KT-474 (SAR444656), an IRAK4 degrader, was studied in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 1 trial where the primary objective was safety and tolerability. Secondary objectives included pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and clinical activity in patients with moderate to severe HS and in patients with moderate to severe AD. KT-474 was administered as a single dose and then daily for 14 d in 105 healthy volunteers (HVs), followed by dosing for 28 d in an open-label cohort of 21 patients. Degradation of IRAK4 was observed in HV blood, with mean reductions after a single dose of ≥93% at 600-1,600 mg and after 14 daily doses of ≥95% at 50-200 mg. In patients, similar IRAK4 degradation was achieved in blood, and IRAK4 was normalized in skin lesions where it was overexpressed relative to HVs. Reduction of disease-relevant inflammatory biomarkers was demonstrated in the blood and skin of patients with HS and patients with AD and was associated with improvement in skin lesions and symptoms. There were no drug-related infections. These results, from what, to our knowledge, is the first published clinical trial using a heterobifunctional degrader, provide initial proof of concept for KT-474 in HS and AD to be further confirmed in larger trials. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04772885 .
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kelvin Shi
- Kymera Therapeutics, Inc., Watertown, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Eric Kuhn
- Kymera Therapeutics, Inc., Watertown, MA, USA
| | | | - Erin Keaney
- Kymera Therapeutics, Inc., Watertown, MA, USA
| | | | - Dapeng Chen
- Kymera Therapeutics, Inc., Watertown, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Chris Ho
- Kymera Therapeutics, Inc., Watertown, MA, USA
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24
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Zanin-Zhorov A, Chen W, Moretti J, Nyuydzefe MS, Zhorov I, Munshi R, Ghosh M, Serdjebi C, MacDonald K, Blazar BR, Palmer M, Waksal SD. Selectivity matters: selective ROCK2 inhibitor ameliorates established liver fibrosis via targeting inflammation, fibrosis, and metabolism. Commun Biol 2023; 6:1176. [PMID: 37980369 PMCID: PMC10657369 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05552-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The pathogenesis of hepatic fibrosis is driven by dysregulated metabolism precipitated by chronic inflammation. Rho-associated coiled-coil-containing protein kinases (ROCKs) have been implicated in these processes, however the ability of selective ROCK2 inhibition to target simultaneously profibrotic, pro-inflammatory and metabolic pathways remains undocumented. Here we show that therapeutic administration of GV101, a selective ROCK2 inhibitor with more than 1000-fold selectivity over ROCK1, attenuates established liver fibrosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA) in combination with high-fat diet in mice. GV101 treatment significantly reduces collagen levels in liver, associated with downregulation of pCofilin, pSTAT3, pAkt, while pSTAT5 and pAMPK levels are increased in tissues of treated mice. In vitro, GV101 inhibits profibrogenic markers expression in fibroblasts, adipogenesis in primary adipocytes and TLR-induced cytokine secretion in innate immune cells via targeting of Akt-mTOR-S6K signaling axis, further uncovering the ROCK2-specific complex mechanism of action and therapeutic potential of highly selective ROCK2 inhibitors in liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei Chen
- Graviton Bioscience B.V, Amsterdam, 1017 CG, Netherlands
| | - Julien Moretti
- Graviton Bioscience B.V, Amsterdam, 1017 CG, Netherlands
| | | | - Iris Zhorov
- Graviton Bioscience B.V, Amsterdam, 1017 CG, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Kelli MacDonald
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - Bruce R Blazar
- Division of Blood & Marrow Transplant & Cellular Therapies, University of MN, Masonic Cancer Center and Department of Pediatrics, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
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25
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Yang H, Zhang X, Wang C, Zhang H, Yi J, Wang K, Hou Y, Ji P, Jin X, Li C, Zhang M, Huang S, Jia H, Hu K, Mou L, Wang R. Microcolin H, a novel autophagy inducer, exerts potent antitumour activity by targeting PITPα/β. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:428. [PMID: 37963877 PMCID: PMC10645841 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01667-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of effective drug targets and the development of bioactive molecules are areas of high need in cancer therapy. The phosphatidylinositol transfer protein alpha/beta isoform (PITPα/β) has been reported to play an essential role in integrating phosphoinositide trafficking and lipid metabolism in diverse cellular processes but remains unexplored as a potential target for cancer treatment. Herein, data analysis of clinical cancer samples revealed that PITPα/β expression is closely correlated with the poor prognosis. Target identification by chemical proteomic methods revealed that microcolin H, a naturally occurring marine lipopeptide, directly binds PITPα/β and displays antiproliferative activity on different types of tumour cell lines. Furthermore, we identified that microcolin H treatment increased the conversion of LC3I to LC3II, accompanied by a reduction of the level of p62 in cancer cells, leading to autophagic cell death. Moreover, microcolin H showed preeminent antitumour efficacy in nude mouse subcutaneous tumour models with low toxicity. Our discoveries revealed that by targeting PITPα/β, microcolin H induced autophagic cell death in tumours with efficient anti-proliferating activity, which sheds light on PITPα/β as a promising therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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Grants
- 21807053 National Natural Science Foundation of China (National Science Foundation of China)
- the Ministry of Education “Peptide Drugs” Innovation Team(No. IRT_15R27, China);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. lzujbky-2019-15, China);the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS, Nos. 2021-I2M-1-026, 2022-I2M-2-002, China)
- the Ministry of Education “Peptide Drugs” Innovation Team (No. IRT_15R27, China)
- the Ministry of Education “Peptide Drugs” Innovation Team (No. IRT_15R27, China), the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS, Nos. 2019-I2M-5-074, 2021-I2M-1-026, 2021-I2M-3-001, 2022-I2M-2-002, China),
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Affiliation(s)
- Hange Yang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China.
| | - Juan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Kun Wang
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Yanzhe Hou
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Peihong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Jin
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chenghao Li
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Gansu University Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine & Chinese Medicine Prevention and Treatment of Major Diseases, College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
| | - Haoyuan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, P. R. China
| | - Kuan Hu
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China
| | - Lingyun Mou
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China.
- School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, 730000, Lanzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Rui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences & Research Unit of Peptide Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 2019RU066, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, P. R. China.
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, P. R. China.
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26
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Bay ÖF, Hayes KS, Schwartz JM, Grencis RK, Roberts IS. A genome-scale metabolic model of parasitic whipworm. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6937. [PMID: 37907472 PMCID: PMC10618284 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42552-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Genome-scale metabolic models are widely used to enhance our understanding of metabolic features of organisms, host-pathogen interactions and to identify therapeutics for diseases. Here we present iTMU798, the genome-scale metabolic model of the mouse whipworm Trichuris muris. The model demonstrates the metabolic features of T. muris and allows the prediction of metabolic steps essential for its survival. Specifically, that Thioredoxin Reductase (TrxR) enzyme is essential, a prediction we validate in vitro with the drug auranofin. Furthermore, our observation that the T. muris genome lacks gsr-1 encoding Glutathione Reductase (GR) but has GR activity that can be inhibited by auranofin indicates a mechanism for the reduction of glutathione by the TrxR enzyme in T. muris. In addition, iTMU798 predicts seven essential amino acids that cannot be synthesised by T. muris, a prediction we validate for the amino acid tryptophan. Overall, iTMU798 is as a powerful tool to study not only the T. muris metabolism but also other Trichuris spp. in understanding host parasite interactions and the rationale design of new intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer F Bay
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Bioinformatics, Abdullah Gül University, Kayseri, Türkiye
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Kelly S Hayes
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Jean-Marc Schwartz
- Division of Evolution, Infection and Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Richard K Grencis
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
| | - Ian S Roberts
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
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27
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Schultz A, Cheng SY, Kirchner E, Costello S, Miettinen H, Chaverra M, King C, George L, Zhao X, Narasimhan J, Weetall M, Slaugenhaupt S, Morini E, Punzo C, Lefcort F. Reduction of retinal ganglion cell death in mouse models of familial dysautonomia using AAV-mediated gene therapy and splicing modulators. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18600. [PMID: 37903840 PMCID: PMC10616160 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45376-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial dysautonomia (FD) is a rare neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative disease caused by a splicing mutation in the Elongator Acetyltransferase Complex Subunit 1 (ELP1) gene. The reduction in ELP1 mRNA and protein leads to the death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and visual impairment in all FD patients. Currently patient symptoms are managed, but there is no treatment for the disease. We sought to test the hypothesis that restoring levels of Elp1 would thwart the death of RGCs in FD. To this end, we tested the effectiveness of two therapeutic strategies for rescuing RGCs. Here we provide proof-of-concept data that gene replacement therapy and small molecule splicing modifiers effectively reduce the death of RGCs in mouse models for FD and provide pre-clinical foundational data for translation to FD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Schultz
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Shun-Yun Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Neurobiology and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Emily Kirchner
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanann Costello
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Heini Miettinen
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Marta Chaverra
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Colin King
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Lynn George
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
- Department of Biological and Physical Science, Montana State University Billings, Billings, MT, USA
| | - Xin Zhao
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, 07080, USA
| | | | - Marla Weetall
- PTC Therapeutics, Inc., South Plainfield, NJ, 07080, USA
| | - Susan Slaugenhaupt
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elisabetta Morini
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Claudio Punzo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Neurobiology and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Frances Lefcort
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA.
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28
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Domingo L, Djukic M, Johnson C, Borondo F. Binding affinity predictions with hybrid quantum-classical convolutional neural networks. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17951. [PMID: 37864075 PMCID: PMC10589342 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Central in drug design is the identification of biomolecules that uniquely and robustly bind to a target protein, while minimizing their interactions with others. Accordingly, precise binding affinity prediction, enabling the accurate selection of suitable candidates from an extensive pool of potential compounds, can greatly reduce the expenses associated to practical experimental protocols. In this respect, recent advances revealed that deep learning methods show superior performance compared to other traditional computational methods, especially with the advent of large datasets. These methods, however, are complex and very time-intensive, thus representing an important clear bottleneck for their development and practical application. In this context, the emerging realm of quantum machine learning holds promise for enhancing numerous classical machine learning algorithms. In this work, we take one step forward and present a hybrid quantum-classical convolutional neural network, which is able to reduce by 20% the complexity of the classical counterpart while still maintaining optimal performance in the predictions. Additionally, this results in a significant cost and time savings of up to 40% in the training stage, which means a substantial speed-up of the drug design process.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Domingo
- Grupo de Sistemas Complejos, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28035, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto de Ciencias Matemáticas (ICMAT), Campus de Cantoblanco UAM, Nicolás Cabrera, 13-15, 28049, Madrid, Spain.
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain.
- Ingenii Inc., New York, USA.
| | | | | | - F Borondo
- Departamento de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain
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29
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Fuertes T, Álvarez-Corrales E, Gómez-Escolar C, Ubieto-Capella P, Serrano-Navarro Á, de Molina A, Méndez J, Ramiro AR, de Yébenes VG. miR-28-based combination therapy impairs aggressive B cell lymphoma growth by rewiring DNA replication. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:687. [PMID: 37852959 PMCID: PMC10585006 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06178-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common aggressive B cell lymphoma and accounts for nearly 40% of cases of B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. DLBCL is generally treated with R-CHOP chemotherapy, but many patients do not respond or relapse after treatment. Here, we analyzed the therapeutic potential of the tumor suppressor microRNA-28 (miR-28) for DLBCL, alone and in combination with the Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor ibrutinib. Combination therapy with miR-28 plus ibrutinib potentiated the anti-tumor effects of monotherapy with either agent by inducing a specific transcriptional cell-cycle arrest program that impairs DNA replication. The molecular actions of miR-28 and ibrutinib synergistically impair DNA replication by simultaneous inhibition of origin activation and fork progression. Moreover, we found that downregulation of the miR-28-plus-ibrutinib gene signature correlates with better survival of ABC-DLBCL patients. These results provide evidence for the effectiveness of a new miRNA-based ibrutinib combination therapy for DLBCL and unveil the miR-28-plus-ibrutinib gene signature as a new predictor of outcome in ABC-DLBCL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Fuertes
- B Cell Biology Laboratory Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Emigdio Álvarez-Corrales
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Gómez-Escolar
- B Cell Biology Laboratory Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Álvaro Serrano-Navarro
- B Cell Biology Laboratory Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio de Molina
- Comparative Medicine Unit. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Méndez
- DNA replication Group. Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas (CNIO), Madrid, Spain
| | - Almudena R Ramiro
- B Cell Biology Laboratory Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Virginia G de Yébenes
- Department of Immunology, Ophthalmology and ENT, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12), Madrid, Spain.
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30
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Egidi MJ, Krug S, Haybaeck J, Michl P, Griesmann H. Anti-angiogenic therapy using the multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor Regorafenib enhances tumor progression in a transgenic mouse model of ß-cell carcinogenesis. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:1225-1237. [PMID: 37620408 PMCID: PMC10575939 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02389-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) represent a distinct hypervascularized tumor entity, often diagnosed at metastatic stage. Therapeutic efficacy of anti-angiogenic multi-kinase inhibitors is frequently limited by primary or acquired resistance in vivo. This study aimed to characterize the molecular mode of action as well as resistance mechanisms to the anti-angiogenic multi-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) Regorafenib in vitro and in vivo. METHODS In vitro, human and murine pancreatic neuroendocrine cell lines were comparatively treated with Regorafenib and other TKIs clinically used in PNETs. Effects on cell viability and proliferation were analyzed. In vivo, transgenic RIP1Tag2 mice were treated with Regorafenib at two different time periods during carcinogenesis and its impact on angiogenesis and tumor progression was evaluated. RESULTS Compared to the established TKI therapies with Sunitinib and Everolimus, Regorafenib showed the strongest effects on cell viability and proliferation in vitro, but was unable to induce apoptosis. Unexpectedly and in contrast to these in vitro findings, Regorafenib enhanced proliferation during early tumor development in RIP1Tag2 mice and had no significant effect in late tumor progression. In addition, invasiveness was increased at both time points. Mechanistically, we could identify an upregulation of the pro-survival protein Bcl-2, the induction of the COX2-PGE2-pathway as well as the infiltration of CSF1R positive immune cells into the tumors as potential resistance mechanisms following Regorafenib treatment. DISCUSSION Our data identify important tumor cell-autonomous and stroma-dependent mechanisms of resistance to antiangiogenic therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Juliane Egidi
- Clinic for Internal Medicine I, Martin-Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, D 06120, Halle, Germany
| | - Sebastian Krug
- Clinic for Internal Medicine I, Martin-Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, D 06120, Halle, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Haybaeck
- Department of Pathology, Neuropathology, and Molecular Pathology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Diagnostic & Research Center for Molecular Biomedicine, Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Patrick Michl
- Clinic for Internal Medicine I, Martin-Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, D 06120, Halle, Germany.
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Heidi Griesmann
- Clinic for Internal Medicine I, Martin-Luther University Halle/Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, D 06120, Halle, Germany
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31
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Cheng L, Sun S, Wang H, Zhao C, Tian X, Liu Y, Fu P, Shao Z, Chai R, Yan W. Orthosteric ligand selectivity and allosteric probe dependence at Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor HCAR2. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:364. [PMID: 37743365 PMCID: PMC10518311 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01625-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCAR2), a member of Class A G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family, plays a pivotal role in anti-lipolytic and anti-inflammatory effects, establishing it as a significant therapeutic target for treating dyslipidemia and inflammatory diseases. However, the mechanism underlying the signaling of HCAR2 induced by various types of ligands remains elusive. In this study, we elucidate the cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of Gi-coupled HCAR2 in complex with a selective agonist, MK-6892, resolved to a resolution of 2.60 Å. Our structural analysis reveals that MK-6892 occupies not only the orthosteric binding pocket (OBP) but also an extended binding pocket (EBP) within HCAR2. Pharmacological assays conducted in this study demonstrate that the OBP is a critical determinant for ligand selectivity among the HCARs subfamily. Moreover, we investigate the pharmacological properties of the allosteric modulator compound 9n, revealing its probe-dependent behavior on HCAR2 in response to varying orthosteric agonists. Collectively, our findings provide invaluable structural insights that contribute to a deeper understanding of the regulatory mechanisms governing HCAR2 signaling transduction mediated by both orthosteric and allosteric ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Cheng
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Suyue Sun
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Heli Wang
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Chang Zhao
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Xiaowen Tian
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Ping Fu
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Zhenhua Shao
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
- Frontiers Medical Center, Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, 610212, China.
| | - Renjie Chai
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Advanced Institute for Life and Health, Jiangsu Province High-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-Medical Research, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
- Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, China.
| | - Wei Yan
- Division of Nephrology and Kidney Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.
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32
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Zhou Y, Yi Y, Yang J, Zhang H, Liu Q, Wang S, Pu W, Shang R. Anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus activity and safety evaluation of 14-O-[(5-ethoxycarbonyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine-2-yl) thioacetyl] mutilin (EDT). Sci Rep 2023; 13:15267. [PMID: 37709940 PMCID: PMC10502144 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42621-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have threated the public health worldwide, which emphasizes the urgent need for new drugs with novel mechanism of actions. 14-O-[(5-ethoxycarbonyl-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine-2-yl) thioacetyl] mutilin (EDT) is a pleuromutilin compound with high activity against several Gram-positive bacteria in vitro and in vivo. This study aimed to verifying the potential anti-MRSA activity and evaluating the safety of EDT. In in vitro antibacterial activity assays, EDT exhibited potent antibacterial activity against MRSA isolated from clinic (minimum inhibitory concentration = 0.0313-0.125 μg/mL), increased post-antibiotic effect (PAE) values and limited potential for the development of resistance. Docking model and green fluorescent protein (GFP) inhibition assay further elucidated the higher antibacterial activities of EDT via mechanism of action. In safety evaluation, EDT exhibited low cytotoxic effect and acute oral toxicity in mice and avoided to significantly increase the number of revertant colonies of six tested strains in the Ames study. Furthermore, EDT displayed a moderate inhibitory effect on CYP3A4 and moderate stability in mouse and human liver microsomes, providing a promising agent for the development of new antimicrobial candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, No. 335, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Yi
- Shandong Provincial Animal and Poultry Green Health Products Creation Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Poultry Science, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Science, Jinan, 250023, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yang
- Gansu Analysis and Research Center, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongjuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, No. 335, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, No. 335, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, No. 335, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Wanxia Pu
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, No. 335, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruofeng Shang
- Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project, Gansu Province/Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS, No. 335, Qilihe District, Lanzhou, 730050, People's Republic of China.
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Szaruga M, Janssen DA, de Miguel C, Hodgson G, Fatalska A, Pitera AP, Andreeva A, Bertolotti A. Activation of the integrated stress response by inhibitors of its kinases. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5535. [PMID: 37684277 PMCID: PMC10491595 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40823-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorylation of the translation initiation factor eIF2α to initiate the integrated stress response (ISR) is a vital signalling event. Protein kinases activating the ISR, including PERK and GCN2, have attracted considerable attention for drug development. Here we find that the widely used ATP-competitive inhibitors of PERK, GSK2656157, GSK2606414 and AMG44, inhibit PERK in the nanomolar range, but surprisingly activate the ISR via GCN2 at micromolar concentrations. Similarly, a PKR inhibitor, C16, also activates GCN2. Conversely, GCN2 inhibitor A92 silences its target but induces the ISR via PERK. These findings are pivotal for understanding ISR biology and its therapeutic manipulations because most preclinical studies used these inhibitors at micromolar concentrations. Reconstitution of ISR activation with recombinant proteins demonstrates that PERK and PKR inhibitors directly activate dimeric GCN2, following a Gaussian activation-inhibition curve, with activation driven by allosterically increasing GCN2 affinity for ATP. The tyrosine kinase inhibitors Neratinib and Dovitinib also activate GCN2 by increasing affinity of GCN2 for ATP. Thus, the mechanism uncovered here might be broadly relevant to ATP-competitive inhibitors and perhaps to other kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Szaruga
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Dino A Janssen
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Claudia de Miguel
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - George Hodgson
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Agnieszka Fatalska
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Aleksandra P Pitera
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Antonina Andreeva
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Anne Bertolotti
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK.
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Xie X, Yu T, Li X, Zhang N, Foster LJ, Peng C, Huang W, He G. Recent advances in targeting the "undruggable" proteins: from drug discovery to clinical trials. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:335. [PMID: 37669923 PMCID: PMC10480221 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Undruggable proteins are a class of proteins that are often characterized by large, complex structures or functions that are difficult to interfere with using conventional drug design strategies. Targeting such undruggable targets has been considered also a great opportunity for treatment of human diseases and has attracted substantial efforts in the field of medicine. Therefore, in this review, we focus on the recent development of drug discovery targeting "undruggable" proteins and their application in clinic. To make this review well organized, we discuss the design strategies targeting the undruggable proteins, including covalent regulation, allosteric inhibition, protein-protein/DNA interaction inhibition, targeted proteins regulation, nucleic acid-based approach, immunotherapy and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Tingting Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China
- Department of Dermatology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China
| | - Leonard J Foster
- Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China.
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, College of Medical Technology and School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 611137, Chengdu, China.
| | - Gu He
- Department of Dermatology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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35
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Li X, Chen Y, Bai L, Zhao R, Wu Y, Xie ZR, Wu JM, Bowen NJ, Danaher A, Cook N, Li D, Qui M, Du Y, Fu H, Osunkoya AO, Kucuk O, Wu D. Nicardipine is a putative EED inhibitor and has high selectivity and potency against chemoresistant prostate cancer in preclinical models. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:884-894. [PMID: 37474721 PMCID: PMC10449793 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02359-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is imperative to develop novel therapeutics to overcome chemoresistance, a significant obstacle in the clinical management of prostate cancer (PCa) and other cancers. METHODS A phenotypic screen was performed to identify novel inhibitors of chemoresistant PCa cells. The mechanism of action of potential candidate(s) was investigated using in silico docking, and molecular and cellular assays in chemoresistant PCa cells. The in vivo efficacy was evaluated in mouse xenograft models of chemoresistant PCa. RESULTS Nicardipine exhibited high selectivity and potency against chemoresistant PCa cells via inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Computational, molecular, and cellular studies identified nicardipine as a putative inhibitor of embryonic ectoderm development (EED) protein, and the results are consistent with a proposed mechanism of action that nicardipine destabilised enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) and inhibited key components of noncanonical EZH2 signalling, including transducer and activator of transcription 3, S-phase kinase-associated protein 2, ATP binding cassette B1, and survivin. As a monotherapy, nicardipine effectively inhibited the skeletal growth of chemoresistant C4-2B-TaxR tumours. As a combination regimen, nicardipine synergistically enhanced the in vivo efficacy of docetaxel against C4-2 xenografts. CONCLUSION Our findings provided the first preclinical evidence supporting nicardipine as a novel EED inhibitor that has the potential to be promptly tested in PCa patients to overcome chemoresistance and improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development and Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Molecular Oncology and Biomarkers Program, Georgia Cancer Center; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Yanhua Chen
- Molecular Oncology and Biomarkers Program, Georgia Cancer Center; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lijuan Bai
- Molecular Oncology and Biomarkers Program, Georgia Cancer Center; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Geriatrics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Molecular Oncology and Biomarkers Program, Georgia Cancer Center; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
- Department of Urology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yifei Wu
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Zhong-Ru Xie
- School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jason M Wu
- Emory College of Arts and Sciences, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nathan J Bowen
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development and Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alira Danaher
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development and Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nicholas Cook
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development and Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Dehong Li
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development and Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Min Qui
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, and Emory Chemical Biology Discovery Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Yuhong Du
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, and Emory Chemical Biology Discovery Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Haian Fu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, and Emory Chemical Biology Discovery Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Adeboye O Osunkoya
- Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Omer Kucuk
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Daqing Wu
- Center for Cancer Research and Therapeutic Development and Department of Biological Sciences, Clark Atlanta University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Molecular Oncology and Biomarkers Program, Georgia Cancer Center; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- MetCure Therapeutics LLC, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Shabani S, Houlton S, Ghimire B, Tonello D, Reed C, Baba H, Aldrich S, Phillips TJ. Robust aversive effects of trace amine-associated receptor 1 activation in mice. Neuropsychopharmacology 2023; 48:1446-1454. [PMID: 37055488 PMCID: PMC10425385 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-023-01578-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
Drugs that stimulate the trace amine-associated receptor 1 (TAAR1) are under clinical investigation as treatments for several neuropsychiatric disorders. Previous studies in a genetic mouse model of voluntary methamphetamine intake identified TAAR1, expressed by the Taar1 gene, as a critical mediator of aversive methamphetamine effects. Methamphetamine is a TAAR1 agonist, but also has actions at monoamine transporters. Whether exclusive activation of TAAR1 has aversive effects was not known at the time we conducted our studies. Mice were tested for aversive effects of the selective TAAR1 agonist, RO5256390, using taste and place conditioning procedures. Hypothermic and locomotor effects were also examined, based on prior evidence of TAAR1 mediation. Male and female mice of several genetic models were used, including lines selectively bred for high and low methamphetamine drinking, a knock-in line in which a mutant form of Taar1 that codes for a non-functional TAAR1 was replaced by the reference Taar1 allele that codes for functional TAAR1, and their matched control line. RO5256390 had robust aversive, hypothermic and locomotor suppressing effects that were found only in mice with functional TAAR1. Knock-in of the reference Taar1 allele rescued these phenotypes in a genetic model that normally lacks TAAR1 function. Our study provides important data on TAAR1 function in aversive, locomotor, and thermoregulatory effects that are important to consider when developing TAAR1 agonists as therapeutic drugs. Because other drugs can have similar consequences, potential additive effects should be carefully considered as these treatment agents are being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shkelzen Shabani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI, USA
- Department of Biology, Minot State University, Minot, ND, USA
- Biomedical Sciences at Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI, USA
| | - Sydney Houlton
- Department of Biology, Minot State University, Minot, ND, USA
| | - Bikalpa Ghimire
- Department of Biology, Minot State University, Minot, ND, USA
| | - Derek Tonello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, MI, USA
| | - Cheryl Reed
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Methamphetamine Abuse Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Harue Baba
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Methamphetamine Abuse Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Sara Aldrich
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Methamphetamine Abuse Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Tamara J Phillips
- Department of Behavioral Neuroscience and Methamphetamine Abuse Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA.
- VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.
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Fanelli C, Francini ALR, Celestrino GA, Teles F, Barbosa AP, Noda P, Iannuzzi LR, Guzzo CR, Ornellas FM, Noronha IL. Tamoxifen associated to the conservative CKD treatment promoted additional antifibrotic effects on experimental hypertensive nephrosclerosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13985. [PMID: 37633958 PMCID: PMC10460450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39299-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023] Open
Abstract
CKD progression depends on the activation of an intricate set of hemodynamic and inflammatory mechanisms, promoting renal leukocyte infiltration, inflammation and fibrosis, leading to renal function loss. There are currently no specific drugs to detain renal fibrogenesis, which is a common end-point for different nephropathies. Clinical therapy for CKD is mostly based on the management of hypertension and proteinuria, partially achieved with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers, and the control of inflammation by immunosuppressive drugs. The aim of the present study was to verify if the administration of tamoxifen (TAM), an estrogen receptor modulator, clinically employed in the treatment of breast cancer and predicted to exert antifibrotic effects, would promote additional benefits when associated to a currently used therapeutic scheme for the conservative management of experimental CKD. Wistar rats underwent the NAME model of hypertensive nephrosclerosis, obtained by daily oral administration of a nitric oxide synthesis inhibitor, associated to dietary sodium overload. The therapeutic association of TAM to losartan (LOS), and mofetil mycophenolate (MMF) effectively reduced the severe hypertension, marked albuminuria and glomerular damage exhibited by NAME animals. Moreover, the association also succeeded in limiting renal inflammation in this model, and promoted further reduction of ECM interstitial accumulation and renal fibrosis, compared to the monotherapies. According to our results, the association of TAM to the currently used conservative treatment of CKD added significant antifibrotic effects both in vivo and in vitro, and may represent an alternative to slow the progression of chronic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Fanelli
- Laboratory of Cellular, Genetic, and Molecular Nephrology, Renal Division, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo - SP, Brazil.
| | - Ana L R Francini
- Laboratory of Cellular, Genetic, and Molecular Nephrology, Renal Division, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Giovanna A Celestrino
- Laboratory of Cellular, Genetic, and Molecular Nephrology, Renal Division, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Flávio Teles
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Alagoas, Av. Lourival Melo Mota, S/N Tabuleiro do Martins, Maceió - AL, 57072-900, Brazil
| | - Ana P Barbosa
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Paloma Noda
- Laboratory of Cellular, Genetic, and Molecular Nephrology, Renal Division, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Leandro R Iannuzzi
- Laboratory of Cellular, Genetic, and Molecular Nephrology, Renal Division, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane R Guzzo
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe M Ornellas
- Laboratory of Cellular, Genetic, and Molecular Nephrology, Renal Division, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
| | - Irene L Noronha
- Laboratory of Cellular, Genetic, and Molecular Nephrology, Renal Division, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo - SP, Brazil
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Rolland Y, Sierra F, Ferrucci L, Barzilai N, De Cabo R, Mannick J, Oliva A, Evans W, Angioni D, De Souto Barreto P, Raffin J, Vellas B, Kirkland JL. Challenges in developing Geroscience trials. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5038. [PMID: 37598227 PMCID: PMC10439920 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39786-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Geroscience is becoming a major hope for preventing age-related diseases and loss of function by targeting biological mechanisms of aging. This unprecedented paradigm shift requires optimizing the design of future clinical studies related to aging in humans. Researchers will face a number of challenges, including ideal populations to study, which lifestyle and Gerotherapeutic interventions to test initially, selecting key primary and secondary outcomes of such clinical trials, and which age-related biomarkers are most valuable for both selecting interventions and predicting or monitoring clinical responses ("Gerodiagnostics"). This article reports the main results of a Task Force of experts in Geroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yves Rolland
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse, IHU HealthAge, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France.
- CERPOP UMR 1295, University of Toulouse III, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | | | - Luigi Ferrucci
- National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nir Barzilai
- Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Rafael De Cabo
- Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - William Evans
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Davide Angioni
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse, IHU HealthAge, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Philipe De Souto Barreto
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse, IHU HealthAge, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- CERPOP UMR 1295, University of Toulouse III, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Jeremy Raffin
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse, IHU HealthAge, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- CERPOP UMR 1295, University of Toulouse III, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Bruno Vellas
- Gérontopôle de Toulouse, IHU HealthAge, Institut du Vieillissement, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- CERPOP UMR 1295, University of Toulouse III, Inserm, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - James L Kirkland
- Noaber Foundation Professor of Aging Research, Mayo Clinic, Principal Investigator, NIH R33 Translational Geroscience Network, President, American Federation for Aging Research, Rochester, NY, USA
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Yamanaka S, Furihata H, Yanagihara Y, Taya A, Nagasaka T, Usui M, Nagaoka K, Shoya Y, Nishino K, Yoshida S, Kosako H, Tanokura M, Miyakawa T, Imai Y, Shibata N, Sawasaki T. Lenalidomide derivatives and proteolysis-targeting chimeras for controlling neosubstrate degradation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4683. [PMID: 37596276 PMCID: PMC10439208 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40385-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Lenalidomide, an immunomodulatory drug (IMiD), is commonly used as a first-line therapy in many haematological cancers, such as multiple myeloma (MM) and 5q myelodysplastic syndromes (5q MDS), and it functions as a molecular glue for the protein degradation of neosubstrates by CRL4CRBN. Proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) using IMiDs with a target protein binder also induce the degradation of target proteins. The targeted protein degradation (TPD) of neosubstrates is crucial for IMiD therapy. However, current IMiDs and IMiD-based PROTACs also break down neosubstrates involved in embryonic development and disease progression. Here, we show that 6-position modifications of lenalidomide are essential for controlling neosubstrate selectivity; 6-fluoro lenalidomide induced the selective degradation of IKZF1, IKZF3, and CK1α, which are involved in anti-haematological cancer activity, and showed stronger anti-proliferative effects on MM and 5q MDS cell lines than lenalidomide. PROTACs using these lenalidomide derivatives for BET proteins induce the selective degradation of BET proteins with the same neosubstrate selectivity. PROTACs also exert anti-proliferative effects in all examined cell lines. Thus, 6-position-modified lenalidomide is a key molecule for selective TPD using thalidomide derivatives and PROTACs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Yamanaka
- Division of Cell-Free Sciences, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
- Division of Proteo-Interactome, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Hirotake Furihata
- Division of Cell-Free Sciences, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yuta Yanagihara
- Division of Integrative Pathophysiology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Akihito Taya
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Takato Nagasaka
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Mai Usui
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Koya Nagaoka
- Division of Cell-Free Sciences, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Yuki Shoya
- Division of Cell-Free Sciences, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Kohei Nishino
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Shuhei Yoshida
- Division of Integrative Pathophysiology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Kosako
- Division of Cell Signaling, Fujii Memorial Institute of Medical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanokura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takuya Miyakawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
- Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan
| | - Yuuki Imai
- Division of Integrative Pathophysiology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Nagoya, 466-8555, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Sawasaki
- Division of Cell-Free Sciences, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, 790-8577, Japan.
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Agu PC, Afiukwa CA, Orji OU, Ezeh EM, Ofoke IH, Ogbu CO, Ugwuja EI, Aja PM. Molecular docking as a tool for the discovery of molecular targets of nutraceuticals in diseases management. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13398. [PMID: 37592012 PMCID: PMC10435576 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40160-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular docking is a computational technique that predicts the binding affinity of ligands to receptor proteins. Although it has potential uses in nutraceutical research, it has developed into a formidable tool for drug development. Bioactive substances called nutraceuticals are present in food sources and can be used in the management of diseases. Finding their molecular targets can help in the creation of disease-specific new therapies. The purpose of this review was to explore molecular docking's application to the study of dietary supplements and disease management. First, an overview of the fundamentals of molecular docking and the various software tools available for docking was presented. The limitations and difficulties of using molecular docking in nutraceutical research are also covered, including the reliability of scoring functions and the requirement for experimental validation. Additionally, there was a focus on the identification of molecular targets for nutraceuticals in numerous disease models, including those for sickle cell disease, cancer, cardiovascular, gut, reproductive, and neurodegenerative disorders. We further highlighted biochemistry pathways and models from recent studies that have revealed molecular mechanisms to pinpoint new nutraceuticals' effects on disease pathogenesis. It is convincingly true that molecular docking is a useful tool for identifying the molecular targets of nutraceuticals in the management of diseases. It may offer information about how nutraceuticals work and support the creation of new therapeutics. Therefore, molecular docking has a bright future in nutraceutical research and has a lot of potentials to lead to the creation of brand-new medicines for the treatment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- P C Agu
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
- Department of Science Laboratory Technology (Biochemistry Option), Our Savior Institute of Science, Agriculture, and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria.
| | - C A Afiukwa
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - O U Orji
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - E M Ezeh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Caritas University, Amorji-Nike, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - I H Ofoke
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Madonna University, Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - C O Ogbu
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Health Sciences, Otukpo, Benue State, Nigeria
| | - E I Ugwuja
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria
| | - P M Aja
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Uganda.
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41
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Hoffmann T, Hörmann A, Corcokovic M, Zmajkovic J, Hinterndorfer M, Salkanovic J, Spreitzer F, Köferle A, Gitschtaler K, Popa A, Oberndorfer S, Andersch F, Schaefer M, Fellner M, Budano N, Ruppert JG, Chetta P, Wurm M, Zuber J, Neumüller RA. Precision RNAi using synthetic shRNAmir target sites. eLife 2023; 12:RP84792. [PMID: 37552050 PMCID: PMC10409502 DOI: 10.7554/elife.84792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function genetic tools are widely applied for validating therapeutic targets, but their utility remains limited by incomplete on- and uncontrolled off-target effects. We describe artificial RNA interference (ARTi) based on synthetic, ultra-potent, off-target-free shRNAs that enable efficient and inducible suppression of any gene upon introduction of a synthetic target sequence into non-coding transcript regions. ARTi establishes a scalable loss-of-function tool with full control over on- and off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Hoffmann
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1ViennaAustria
- Vienna BioCenter PhD Program, Doctoral School of the University at Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter (VBC)ViennaAustria
| | - Alexandra Hörmann
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Doktor-Boehringer-GasseViennaAustria
| | - Maja Corcokovic
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Doktor-Boehringer-GasseViennaAustria
| | - Jakub Zmajkovic
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1ViennaAustria
| | | | - Jasko Salkanovic
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Doktor-Boehringer-GasseViennaAustria
| | - Fiona Spreitzer
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Doktor-Boehringer-GasseViennaAustria
| | - Anna Köferle
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Doktor-Boehringer-GasseViennaAustria
| | - Katrin Gitschtaler
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Doktor-Boehringer-GasseViennaAustria
| | - Alexandra Popa
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Doktor-Boehringer-GasseViennaAustria
| | - Sarah Oberndorfer
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Doktor-Boehringer-GasseViennaAustria
| | - Florian Andersch
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1ViennaAustria
| | - Markus Schaefer
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1ViennaAustria
| | - Michaela Fellner
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1ViennaAustria
| | - Nicole Budano
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Doktor-Boehringer-GasseViennaAustria
| | - Jan G Ruppert
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Doktor-Boehringer-GasseViennaAustria
| | - Paolo Chetta
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Doktor-Boehringer-GasseViennaAustria
| | - Melanie Wurm
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Doktor-Boehringer-GasseViennaAustria
| | - Johannes Zuber
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1ViennaAustria
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenterViennaAustria
| | - Ralph A Neumüller
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Doktor-Boehringer-GasseViennaAustria
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42
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Tardito S, MacKay C. Rethinking our approach to cancer metabolism to deliver patient benefit. Br J Cancer 2023; 129:406-415. [PMID: 37340094 PMCID: PMC10403540 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02324-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered cellular metabolism is a major mechanism by which tumours support nutrient consumption associated with increased cellular proliferation. Selective dependency on specific metabolic pathways provides a therapeutic vulnerability that can be targeted in cancer therapy. Anti-metabolites have been used clinically since the 1940s and several agents targeting nucleotide metabolism are now well established as standard of care treatment in a range of indications. However, despite great progress in our understanding of the metabolic requirements of cancer and non-cancer cells within the tumour microenvironment, there has been limited clinical success for novel agents targeting pathways outside of nucleotide metabolism. We believe that there is significant therapeutic potential in targeting metabolic processes within cancer that is yet to be fully realised. However, current approaches to identify novel targets, test novel therapies and select patient populations most likely to benefit are sub-optimal. We highlight recent advances in technologies and understanding that will support the identification and validation of novel targets, re-evaluation of existing targets and design of optimal clinical positioning strategies to deliver patient benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Tardito
- The Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Craig MacKay
- Cancer Research Horizons, The Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Glasgow, UK.
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43
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Melcrová A, Maity S, Melcr J, de Kok NAW, Gabler M, van der Eyden J, Stensen W, Svendsen JSM, Driessen AJM, Marrink SJ, Roos WH. Lateral membrane organization as target of an antimicrobial peptidomimetic compound. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4038. [PMID: 37419980 PMCID: PMC10328936 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39726-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the leading concerns in medical care. Here we study the mechanism of action of an antimicrobial cationic tripeptide, AMC-109, by combining high speed-atomic force microscopy, molecular dynamics, fluorescence assays, and lipidomic analysis. We show that AMC-109 activity on negatively charged membranes derived from Staphylococcus aureus consists of two crucial steps. First, AMC-109 self-assembles into stable aggregates consisting of a hydrophobic core and a cationic surface, with specificity for negatively charged membranes. Second, upon incorporation into the membrane, individual peptides insert into the outer monolayer, affecting lateral membrane organization and dissolving membrane nanodomains, without forming pores. We propose that membrane domain dissolution triggered by AMC-109 may affect crucial functions such as protein sorting and cell wall synthesis. Our results indicate that the AMC-109 mode of action resembles that of the disinfectant benzalkonium chloride (BAK), but with enhanced selectivity for bacterial membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adéla Melcrová
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sourav Maity
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Josef Melcr
- Molecular Dynamics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences & Biotechnology Institute, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Niels A W de Kok
- Molecular Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences & Biotechnology Institute, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Mariella Gabler
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jonne van der Eyden
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wenche Stensen
- Department of Chemistry, UiT Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - John S M Svendsen
- Department of Chemistry, UiT Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Arnold J M Driessen
- Molecular Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences & Biotechnology Institute, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Siewert J Marrink
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Molecular Dynamics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences & Biotechnology Institute, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter H Roos
- Molecular Biophysics, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
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44
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Aquilanti E, Kageler L, Watson J, Baird DM, Jones RE, Hodges M, Szegletes ZM, Doench JG, Strathdee CA, Figueroa JRMF, Ligon KL, Beck M, Wen PY, Meyerson M. Telomerase inhibition is an effective therapeutic strategy in TERT promoter-mutant glioblastoma models with low tumor volume. Neuro Oncol 2023; 25:1275-1285. [PMID: 36694348 PMCID: PMC10326479 DOI: 10.1093/neuonc/noad024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma is one of the most lethal forms of cancer, with 5-year survival rates of only 6%. Glioblastoma-targeted therapeutics have been challenging to develop due to significant inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity. Telomerase reverse transcriptase gene (TERT) promoter mutations are the most common known clonal oncogenic mutations in glioblastoma. Telomerase is therefore considered to be a promising therapeutic target against this tumor. However, an important limitation of this strategy is that cell death does not occur immediately after telomerase ablation, but rather after several cell divisions required to reach critically short telomeres. We, therefore, hypothesize that telomerase inhibition would only be effective in glioblastomas with low tumor burden. METHODS We used CRISPR interference to knock down TERT expression in TERT promoter-mutant glioblastoma cell lines and patient-derived models. We then measured viability using serial proliferation assays. We also assessed for features of telomere crisis by measuring telomere length and chromatin bridge formation. Finally, we used a doxycycline-inducible CRISPR interference system to knock down TERT expression in vivo early and late in tumor development. RESULTS Upon TERT inactivation, glioblastoma cells lose their proliferative ability over time and exhibit telomere shortening and chromatin bridge formation. In vivo, survival is only prolonged when TERT knockdown is induced shortly after tumor implantation, but not when the tumor burden is high. CONCLUSIONS Our results support the idea that telomerase inhibition would be most effective at treating glioblastomas with low tumor burden, for example in the adjuvant setting after surgical debulking and chemoradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Aquilanti
- Division of Neuro Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lauren Kageler
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jacqueline Watson
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Duncan M Baird
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Rhiannon E Jones
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Marie Hodges
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Zsofia M Szegletes
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - John G Doench
- Genetic Perturbation Platform, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Craig A Strathdee
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - Keith L Ligon
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston Children’s Hospital, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew Beck
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick Y Wen
- Division of Neuro Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Cancer Program, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
- Center for Cancer Genomics, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Genetics and Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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45
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Zhong D, Wang R, Zhang H, Wang M, Zhang X, Chen H. Induction of lysosomal exocytosis and biogenesis via TRPML1 activation for the treatment of uranium-induced nephrotoxicity. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3997. [PMID: 37414766 PMCID: PMC10326073 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39716-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Uranium (U) is a well-known nephrotoxicant which forms precipitates in the lysosomes of renal proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTECs) after U-exposure at a cytotoxic dose. However, the roles of lysosomes in U decorporation and detoxification remain to be elucidated. Mucolipin transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPML1) is a major lysosomal Ca2+ channel regulating lysosomal exocytosis. We herein demonstrate that the delayed administration of the specific TRPML1 agonist ML-SA1 significantly decreases U accumulation in the kidney, mitigates renal proximal tubular injury, increases apical exocytosis of lysosomes and reduces lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP) in renal PTECs of male mice with single-dose U poisoning or multiple-dose U exposure. Mechanistic studies reveal that ML-SA1 stimulates intracellular U removal and reduces U-induced LMP and cell death through activating the positive TRPML1-TFEB feedback loop and consequent lysosomal exocytosis and biogenesis in U-loaded PTECs in vitro. Together, our studies demonstrate that TRPML1 activation is an attractive therapeutic strategy for the treatment of U-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengqin Zhong
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ruiyun Wang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hongjing Zhang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Wang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Xuxia Zhang
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Honghong Chen
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, PR China.
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46
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Wan Y, Cohen J, Szenk M, Farquhar KS, Coraci D, Krzysztoń R, Azukas J, Van Nest N, Smashnov A, Chern YJ, De Martino D, Nguyen LC, Bien H, Bravo-Cordero JJ, Chan CH, Rosner MR, Balázsi G. Nonmonotone invasion landscape by noise-aware control of metastasis activator levels. Nat Chem Biol 2023; 19:887-899. [PMID: 37231268 PMCID: PMC10299915 DOI: 10.1038/s41589-023-01344-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A major pharmacological assumption is that lowering disease-promoting protein levels is generally beneficial. For example, inhibiting metastasis activator BACH1 is proposed to decrease cancer metastases. Testing such assumptions requires approaches to measure disease phenotypes while precisely adjusting disease-promoting protein levels. Here we developed a two-step strategy to integrate protein-level tuning, noise-aware synthetic gene circuits into a well-defined human genomic safe harbor locus. Unexpectedly, engineered MDA-MB-231 metastatic human breast cancer cells become more, then less and then more invasive as we tune BACH1 levels up, irrespective of the native BACH1. BACH1 expression shifts in invading cells, and expression of BACH1's transcriptional targets confirm BACH1's nonmonotone phenotypic and regulatory effects. Thus, chemical inhibition of BACH1 could have unwanted effects on invasion. Additionally, BACH1's expression variability aids invasion at high BACH1 expression. Overall, precisely engineered, noise-aware protein-level control is necessary and important to unravel disease effects of genes to improve clinical drug efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Wan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Louis and Beatrice Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Joseph Cohen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Louis and Beatrice Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Mariola Szenk
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Louis and Beatrice Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Kevin S Farquhar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Louis and Beatrice Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Genetics and Epigenetics Graduate Program, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Damiano Coraci
- Louis and Beatrice Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Rafał Krzysztoń
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Louis and Beatrice Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Joshua Azukas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Nicholas Van Nest
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Louis and Beatrice Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Alex Smashnov
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Louis and Beatrice Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Yi-Jye Chern
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Daniela De Martino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Long Chi Nguyen
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Harold Bien
- Louis and Beatrice Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Jose Javier Bravo-Cordero
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Chia-Hsin Chan
- Department of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY, USA
| | - Marsha Rich Rosner
- Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gábor Balázsi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
- Louis and Beatrice Laufer Center for Physical and Quantitative Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
- Stony Brook Cancer Center, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA.
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47
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Obermann W, Azri MFD, Konopka L, Schmidt N, Magari F, Sherman J, Silva LMR, Hermosilla C, Ludewig AH, Houhou H, Haeberlein S, Luo MY, Häcker I, Schetelig MF, Grevelding CG, Schroeder FC, Lau GSK, Taubert A, Rodriguez A, Heine A, Yeo TC, Grünweller A, Taroncher-Oldenburg G. Broad anti-pathogen potential of DEAD box RNA helicase eIF4A-targeting rocaglates. Sci Rep 2023; 13:9297. [PMID: 37291191 PMCID: PMC10250355 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-35765-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibition of eukaryotic initiation factor 4A has been proposed as a strategy to fight pathogens. Rocaglates exhibit the highest specificities among eIF4A inhibitors, but their anti-pathogenic potential has not been comprehensively assessed across eukaryotes. In silico analysis of the substitution patterns of six eIF4A1 aa residues critical to rocaglate binding, uncovered 35 variants. Molecular docking of eIF4A:RNA:rocaglate complexes, and in vitro thermal shift assays with select recombinantly expressed eIF4A variants, revealed that sensitivity correlated with low inferred binding energies and high melting temperature shifts. In vitro testing with silvestrol validated predicted resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans and Leishmania amazonensis and predicted sensitivity in Aedes sp., Schistosoma mansoni, Trypanosoma brucei, Plasmodium falciparum, and Toxoplasma gondii. Our analysis further revealed the possibility of targeting important insect, plant, animal, and human pathogens with rocaglates. Finally, our findings might help design novel synthetic rocaglate derivatives or alternative eIF4A inhibitors to fight pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiebke Obermann
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Leonie Konopka
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Nina Schmidt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Francesca Magari
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Julian Sherman
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Liliana M R Silva
- Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Carlos Hermosilla
- Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas H Ludewig
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Hicham Houhou
- Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Simone Haeberlein
- Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Mona Yiting Luo
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Irina Häcker
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marc F Schetelig
- Institute for Insect Biotechnology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Christoph G Grevelding
- Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Frank C Schroeder
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | - Anja Taubert
- Institute of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ana Rodriguez
- Department of Microbiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andreas Heine
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Tiong Chia Yeo
- Sarawak Biodiversity Centre, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia.
| | - Arnold Grünweller
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Gaspar Taroncher-Oldenburg
- Sarawak Biodiversity Centre, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia.
- Gaspar Taroncher Consulting, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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48
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Vansandt LM, Meinsohn MC, Godin P, Nagykery N, Sicher N, Kano M, Kashiwagi A, Chauvin M, Saatcioglu HD, Barnes JL, Miller AG, Thompson AK, Bateman HL, Donelan EM, González R, Newsom J, Gao G, Donahoe PK, Wang D, Swanson WF, Pépin D. Durable contraception in the female domestic cat using viral-vectored delivery of a feline anti-Müllerian hormone transgene. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3140. [PMID: 37280258 PMCID: PMC10244415 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38721-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Eighty percent of the estimated 600 million domestic cats in the world are free-roaming. These cats typically experience suboptimal welfare and inflict high levels of predation on wildlife. Additionally, euthanasia of healthy animals in overpopulated shelters raises ethical considerations. While surgical sterilization is the mainstay of pet population control, there is a need for efficient, safe, and cost-effective permanent contraception alternatives. Herein, we report evidence that a single intramuscular treatment with an adeno-associated viral vector delivering an anti-Müllerian hormone transgene produces long-term contraception in the domestic cat. Treated females are followed for over two years, during which transgene expression, anti-transgene antibodies, and reproductive hormones are monitored. Mating behavior and reproductive success are measured during two mating studies. Here we show that ectopic expression of anti-Müllerian hormone does not impair sex steroids nor estrous cycling, but prevents breeding-induced ovulation, resulting in safe and durable contraception in the female domestic cat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey M Vansandt
- Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife (CREW), Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Marie-Charlotte Meinsohn
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Philippe Godin
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Nicholas Nagykery
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Natalie Sicher
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Motohiro Kano
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aki Kashiwagi
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maeva Chauvin
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hatice D Saatcioglu
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julie L Barnes
- Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife (CREW), Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Amy G Miller
- Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife (CREW), Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Amy K Thompson
- Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife (CREW), Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Helen L Bateman
- Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife (CREW), Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Donelan
- Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife (CREW), Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Raquel González
- Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife (CREW), Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Jackie Newsom
- Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife (CREW), Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Guangping Gao
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Patricia K Donahoe
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dan Wang
- Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - William F Swanson
- Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered Wildlife (CREW), Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
| | - David Pépin
- Pediatric Surgical Research Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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49
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Ding J, Lee SJ, Vlahos L, Yuki K, Rada CC, van Unen V, Vuppalapaty M, Chen H, Sura A, McCormick AK, Tomaske M, Alwahabi S, Nguyen H, Nowatzke W, Kim L, Kelly L, Vollrath D, Califano A, Yeh WC, Li Y, Kuo CJ. Therapeutic blood-brain barrier modulation and stroke treatment by a bioengineered FZD 4-selective WNT surrogate in mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2947. [PMID: 37268690 PMCID: PMC10238527 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37689-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Derangements of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) or blood-retinal barrier (BRB) occur in disorders ranging from stroke, cancer, diabetic retinopathy, and Alzheimer's disease. The Norrin/FZD4/TSPAN12 pathway activates WNT/β-catenin signaling, which is essential for BBB and BRB function. However, systemic pharmacologic FZD4 stimulation is hindered by obligate palmitoylation and insolubility of native WNTs and suboptimal properties of the FZD4-selective ligand Norrin. Here, we develop L6-F4-2, a non-lipidated, FZD4-specific surrogate which significantly improves subpicomolar affinity versus native Norrin. In Norrin knockout (NdpKO) mice, L6-F4-2 not only potently reverses neonatal retinal angiogenesis deficits, but also restores BRB and BBB function. In adult C57Bl/6J mice, post-stroke systemic delivery of L6-F4-2 strongly reduces BBB permeability, infarction, and edema, while improving neurologic score and capillary pericyte coverage. Our findings reveal systemic efficacy of a bioengineered FZD4-selective WNT surrogate during ischemic BBB dysfunction, with potential applicability to adult CNS disorders characterized by an aberrant blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Ding
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Sung-Jin Lee
- Surrozen, Inc. South San Francisco, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Lukas Vlahos
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, Columbia, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Kanako Yuki
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Cara C Rada
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Vincent van Unen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Institute for Immunity, Transplantation and Infection, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | | | - Hui Chen
- Surrozen, Inc. South San Francisco, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Asmiti Sura
- Surrozen, Inc. South San Francisco, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Aaron K McCormick
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Madeline Tomaske
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Samira Alwahabi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Huy Nguyen
- Surrozen, Inc. South San Francisco, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - William Nowatzke
- Surrozen, Inc. South San Francisco, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Lily Kim
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Lisa Kelly
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Douglas Vollrath
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Andrea Califano
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, Columbia, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Wen-Chen Yeh
- Surrozen, Inc. South San Francisco, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Surrozen, Inc. South San Francisco, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Calvin J Kuo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
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50
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Sui X, Wang K, Song K, Xu C, Song J, Lee CW, Liao M, Farese RV, Walther TC. Mechanism of action for small-molecule inhibitors of triacylglycerol synthesis. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3100. [PMID: 37248213 PMCID: PMC10227072 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38934-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhibitors of triacylglycerol (TG) synthesis have been developed to treat metabolism-related diseases, but we know little about their mechanisms of action. Here, we report cryo-EM structures of the TG-synthesis enzyme acyl-CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), a membrane bound O-acyltransferase (MBOAT), in complex with two different inhibitors, T863 and DGAT1IN1. Each inhibitor binds DGAT1's fatty acyl-CoA substrate binding tunnel that opens to the cytoplasmic side of the ER. T863 blocks access to the tunnel entrance, whereas DGAT1IN1 extends further into the enzyme, with an amide group interacting with more deeply buried catalytic residues. A survey of DGAT1 inhibitors revealed that this amide group may serve as a common pharmacophore for inhibition of MBOATs. The inhibitors were minimally active against the related MBOAT acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase 1 (ACAT1), yet a single-residue mutation sensitized ACAT1 for inhibition. Collectively, our studies provide a structural foundation for developing DGAT1 and other MBOAT inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewu Sui
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kangkang Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Cryo-EM Core Facility, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
- Cryo-EM Core Facility, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Jiunn Song
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chia-Wei Lee
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maofu Liao
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Robert V Farese
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Tobias C Walther
- Department of Molecular Metabolism, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Cell Biology Program, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
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