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Vianello E, Ambrogi F, Kalousová M, Badalyan J, Dozio E, Tacchini L, Schmitz G, Zima T, Tsongalis GJ, Corsi-Romanelli MM. Circulating perturbation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) is associated to cardiac remodeling and NLRP3 inflammasome in cardiovascular patients with insulin resistance risk. Exp Mol Pathol 2024; 137:104895. [PMID: 38703553 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2024.104895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Lipidome perturbation occurring during meta-inflammation is associated to left ventricle (LV) remodeling though the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, a key regulator of chronic inflammation in obesity-related disorders. Little is known about phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) as DAMP-induced NLRP3 inflammasome. Our study is aimed to evaluate if a systemic reduction of PC/PE molar ratio can affect NLRP3 plasma levels in cardiovascular disease (CVD) patients with insulin resistance (IR) risk. Forty patients from IRCCS Policlinico San Donato were enrolled, and their blood samples were drawn before heart surgery. LV geometry measurements were evaluated by echocardiography and clinical data associated to IR risk were collected. PC and PE were quantified by ESI-MS/MS. Circulating NLRP3 was quantified by an ELISA assay. Our results have shown that CVD patients with IR risk presented systemic lipid impairment of PC and PE species and their ratio in plasma was inversely associated to NLRP3 levels. Interestingly, CVD patients with IR risk presented LV changes directly associated to increased levels of NLRP3 and a decrease in PC/PE ratio in plasma, highlighting the systemic effect of meta-inflammation in cardiac response. In summary, PC and PE can be considered bioactive mediators associated to both the NLRP3 and LV changes in CVD patients with IR risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Vianello
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Experimental Laboratory for Research on Organ Damage Biomarkers, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Italy.
| | - Federico Ambrogi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Italy
| | - Marta Kalousová
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Prague General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Julietta Badalyan
- Scuola di Specializzazione in Statistica Sanitaria e Biometria, Università Degli Studi Di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Dozio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Experimental Laboratory for Research on Organ Damage Biomarkers, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Italy
| | - Lorenza Tacchini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Experimental Laboratory for Research on Organ Damage Biomarkers, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Italy
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Tomáš Zima
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry and Laboratory Diagnostics, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Prague General University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Gregory J Tsongalis
- Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Lebanon, NH, USA
| | - Massimiliano M Corsi-Romanelli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Experimental and Clinical Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
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2
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Paprzycka O, Wieczorek J, Nowak I, Madej M, Strzalka-Mrozik B. Potential Application of MicroRNAs and Some Other Molecular Biomarkers in Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:5066-5084. [PMID: 38920976 PMCID: PMC11202417 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the world's most common neurodegenerative disease, expected to affect up to one-third of the elderly population in the near future. Among the major challenges in combating AD are the inability to reverse the damage caused by the disease, expensive diagnostic tools, and the lack of specific markers for the early detection of AD. This paper highlights promising research directions for molecular markers in AD diagnosis, including the diagnostic potential of microRNAs. The latest molecular methods for diagnosing AD are discussed, with particular emphasis on diagnostic techniques prior to the appearance of full AD symptoms and markers detectable in human body fluids. A collection of recent studies demonstrates the promising potential of molecular methods in AD diagnosis, using miRNAs as biomarkers. Up- or downregulation in neurodegenerative diseases may not only provide a new diagnostic tool but also serve as a marker for differentiating neurodegenerative diseases. However, further research in this direction is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Paprzycka
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (O.P.); (J.W.); (M.M.)
| | - Jan Wieczorek
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (O.P.); (J.W.); (M.M.)
| | - Ilona Nowak
- Silesia LabMed, Centre for Research and Implementation, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Marcel Madej
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (O.P.); (J.W.); (M.M.)
- Silesia LabMed, Centre for Research and Implementation, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Barbara Strzalka-Mrozik
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (O.P.); (J.W.); (M.M.)
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Yu X, Shao K, Wan K, Li T, Li Y, Zhu X, Han Y. Progress in blood biomarkers of subjective cognitive decline in preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:505-521. [PMID: 36914945 PMCID: PMC10106168 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease that gradually impairs cognitive functions. Recently, there has been a conceptual shift toward AD to view the disease as a continuum. Since AD is currently incurable, effective intervention to delay or prevent pathological cognitive decline may best target the early stages of symptomatic disease, such as subjective cognitive decline (SCD), in which cognitive function remains relatively intact. Diagnostic methods for identifying AD, such as cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers and positron emission tomography, are invasive and expensive. Therefore, it is imperative to develop blood biomarkers that are sensitive, less invasive, easier to access, and more cost effective for AD diagnosis. This review aimed to summarize the current data on whether individuals with SCD differ reliably and effectively in subjective and objective performances compared to cognitively normal elderly individuals, and to find one or more convenient and accessible blood biomarkers so that researchers can identify SCD patients with preclinical AD in the population as soon as possible. Owing to the heterogeneity and complicated pathogenesis of AD, it is difficult to make reliable diagnoses using only a single blood marker. This review provides an overview of the progress achieved to date with the use of SCD blood biomarkers in patients with preclinical AD, highlighting the key areas of application and current challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Yu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Kai Shao
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Ke Wan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Taoran Li
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
| | - Yuxia Li
- Department of Neurology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China
| | - Xiaoqun Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Ying Han
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
- Center of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing 100053, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing 100053, China
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Murdoch DM, Barfield R, Chan C, Towe SL, Bell RP, Volkheimer A, Choe J, Hall SA, Berger M, Xie J, Meade CS. Neuroimaging and immunological features of neurocognitive function related to substance use in people with HIV. J Neurovirol 2023; 29:78-93. [PMID: 36348233 PMCID: PMC10089970 DOI: 10.1007/s13365-022-01102-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study sought to identify neuroimaging and immunological factors associated with substance use and that contribute to neurocognitive impairment (NCI) in people with HIV (PWH). We performed cross-sectional immunological phenotyping, neuroimaging, and neurocognitive testing on virally suppressed PWH in four substance groups: cocaine only users (COC), marijuana only users (MJ), dual users (Dual), and Non-users. Participants completed substance use assessments, multimodal MRI brain scan, neuropsychological testing, and blood and CSF sampling. We employed a two-stage analysis of 305 possible biomarkers of cognitive function associated with substance use. Feature reduction (Kruskal Wallis p-value < 0.05) identified 53 biomarkers associated with substance use (22 MRI and 31 immunological) for model inclusion along with clinical and demographic variables. We employed eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) with these markers to predict cognitive function (global T-score). SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) values were calculated to rank features for impact on model output and NCI. Participants were 110 PWH with sustained HIV viral suppression (33 MJ, 12 COC, 22 Dual, and 43 Non-users). The ten highest ranking biomarkers for predicting global T-score were 4 neuroimaging biomarkers including functional connectivity, gray matter volume, and white matter integrity; 5 soluble biomarkers (plasma glycine, alanine, lyso-phosphatidylcholine (lysoPC) aC17.0, hydroxy-sphingomyelin (SM.OH) C14.1, and phosphatidylcholinediacyl (PC aa) C28.1); and 1 clinical variable (nadir CD4 count). The results of our machine learning model suggest that substance use may indirectly contribute to NCI in PWH through both metabolomic and neuropathological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Murdoch
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC Box 2629, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
| | - Richard Barfield
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Human Systems Immunology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Cliburn Chan
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Human Systems Immunology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Sheri L Towe
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ryan P Bell
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alicia Volkheimer
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC Box 2629, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Joyce Choe
- Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, DUMC Box 2629, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Shana A Hall
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Miles Berger
- Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Jichun Xie
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
- Center for Human Systems Immunology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Mathematics, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Christina S Meade
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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Wang X, Li T, Ding H, Liu Y, Liu X, Yu K, Xiao R, Xi Y. The role of dietary patterns and erythrocyte membrane fatty acid patterns on mild cognitive impairment. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1005857. [PMID: 36407514 PMCID: PMC9673906 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1005857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dietary fatty acids have been shown to be associated with the development of cognition. However, research on the role of fatty acid intake in dietary patterns and fatty acid patterns (FAPs) in the development of cognitive function is limited. The aim of this study was to explore the correlation between dietary patterns and FAPs and to provide available evidence for preventing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) through these patterns. Materials and methods The 973 participants aged between 65 and 85 were recruited from 2020 to 2021 for this multicenter research in Beijing. Neuropsychological tests were used for cognitive evaluation, and data of dietary intake in the past 12 months were collected with semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The erythrocyte membrane fatty acid profile was tested by chromatography and mass spectrometry lipid profiling. Factor analysis was used to derive the main dietary patterns and FAPs. Pearson’s correlation or Spearman’s correlation was used to explore the association between dietary patterns and FAPs. Binary logistic regression was applied to examine the relationship between patterns and cognitive function. Results Six dietary patterns and six FAPs were identified, explaining 53.4 and 80.9% of the total variance separately. After adjusting all potential confounders, T3 of the pattern 1 and FAP2 were the independent protect factors for MCI, respectively (OR 0.601, 95% CI [0.395, 0.914]; OR 0.108, 95% CI [0.019, 0.623]). Rich of SM (26:0), SM (24:1), and SM (26:1) is the characteristic of FAP2. A positive correlation was found between component scores of dietary pattern1 and FAP2 (r = 0.441, p = 0.001). People who adhered to a reasonable intake of animal flesh consumed more various long-chain fatty acids as well. Conclusion The erythrocyte membrane metabolites, SM (26:0), SM (24:1), and SM (26:1), might function as early biomarkers for predicting or monitoring of cognitive aging in the elderly. The dietary pattern with recommended animal flesh consumption was significantly associated with FAP characterized by very long-chain SMs. This dietary pattern affected FAP, which might achieve the ultimate goal of neuroprotection through the very long-chain SMs. A rational intake of dietary fatty acids might be an effective way on preventing MCI in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Tiantian Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huini Ding
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuru Liu
- Fangshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
| | | | - Kang Yu
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuandi Xi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Yuandi Xi,
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Lu Y, Jiang H, Zhang H, Li R, Zhang Q, Luo D, Cai X, Li M. Serum oxidized low density lipoprotein serves as a mediator for the inverse relationship between serum d-ribose and cognitive performance in type 2 diabetic patients. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 171:91-98. [PMID: 33989757 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hyperglycemia, proinflammatory state, and oxidative stress are implicated in the etiology of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. However, roles and mechanisms of the diabetes-related dys-regulation of serum d-ribose in the pathogenesis remain unclear. This study was to assess: 1) changes of serum d-ribose in T2DM patients with or without MCI compared with healthy controls; and 2) associations of serum d-ribose with key biomarkers of ribosylation [advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)], inflammation (IL-6 and NF-κB) and oxidative stress [oxidized low density lipoproteins (ox-LDL), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), total thiol, and non-protein thiol)]. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 1564 initial participants including 362 T2DM patients. Based on their fasting blood glucose concentrations and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) scores, we selected 89 participants and divided them into three groups: 27 healthy controls, 26 T2DM patients with normal cognition, 36 T2DM patients with MCI. All participants were gone through standard anthropometric tests and biochemical examinations of serum clinical profiles and concentrations of d-ribose, AGE, RAGE, IL-6, NF-κB, ox-LDL, AOPP, total thiol, and non-protein thiol. Serum concentrations of d-ribose, ox-LDL, and AOPP were greater (P < 0.05) in the T2DM-MCI patients than that in the T2DM or controls. Serum d-ribose exhibited a positive correlation (P < 0.05) with serum AGEs, RAGE, ox-LDL, and fasting blood glucose, but a negative correlation (P < 0.05) with MoCA score. This negative relationship remained (P < 0.05) after adjusting various covariates, and was found to be mediated (P < 0.05) by serum ox-LDL. In conclusion, our results reveal serum ox-LDL as a potential mediator for the inverse relationship between the elevation of serum d-ribose concentration and the decline of cognitive performance in the T2DM-MCI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhui Lu
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Jiang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijing Zhang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ruxue Li
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Luo
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Cai
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingzi Li
- School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing, China.
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