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Huang XY, Xue LL, Ma RF, Shi JS, Wang TH, Xiong LL, Yu CY. Inhibition of CXCR4: A perspective on miracle fruit seed for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Exp Neurol 2024; 379:114841. [PMID: 38821198 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2024.114841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent type of dementia, and its causes are currently diverse and not fully understood. In a previous study, we discovered that short-term treatment with miracle fruit seed (MFS) had a therapeutic effect on AD model mice, however, the precise mechanism behind the effect remains unclear. In this research, we aimed to establish the efficacy and safety of long-term use of MFS in AD model mice. A variety of cytokines and chemokines have been implicated in the development of AD. Previous studies have validated a correlation between the expression levels of C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and disease severity in AD. In this research, we observed an upregulation of CXCR4 expression in hippocampal tissues in the AD model group, which was then reversed after MFS treatment. Moreover, CXCR4 knockout led to improving cognitive function in AD model mice, and MFS showed the ability to regulate CXCR4 expression. Finally, our findings indicate that CXCR4 knockout and long-term MFS treatment produce comparable effects in treating AD model mice. In conclusion, this research demonstrates that therapeutic efficacy and safety of long-term use of MFS in AD model mice. MFS treatment and the subsequent reduction of CXCR4 expression exhibit a neuroprotective role in the brain, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yan Huang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Lu-Lu Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui-Fang Ma
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Jing-Shan Shi
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Lab of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ting-Hua Wang
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
| | - Liu-Lin Xiong
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
| | - Chang-Yin Yu
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
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Gao Y, Wang Y, Wu Y, Liu S. Biomaterials targeting the microenvironment for spinal cord injury repair: progression and perspectives. Front Cell Neurosci 2024; 18:1362494. [PMID: 38784712 PMCID: PMC11111957 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2024.1362494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) disrupts nerve pathways and affects sensory, motor, and autonomic function. There is currently no effective treatment for SCI. SCI occurs within three temporal periods: acute, subacute, and chronic. In each period there are different alterations in the cells, inflammatory factors, and signaling pathways within the spinal cord. Many biomaterials have been investigated in the treatment of SCI, including hydrogels and fiber scaffolds, and some progress has been made in the treatment of SCI using multiple materials. However, there are limitations when using individual biomaterials in SCI treatment, and these limitations can be significantly improved by combining treatments with stem cells. In order to better understand SCI and to investigate new strategies for its treatment, several combination therapies that include materials combined with cells, drugs, cytokines, etc. are summarized in the current review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Gao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tianyou Hospital, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaqi Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengwen Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Kuhn TB, Minamide LS, Tahtamouni LH, Alderfer SA, Walsh KP, Shaw AE, Yanouri O, Haigler HJ, Ruff MR, Bamburg JR. Chemokine Receptor Antagonists Prevent and Reverse Cofilin-Actin Rod Pathology and Protect Synapses in Cultured Rodent and Human iPSC-Derived Neurons. Biomedicines 2024; 12:93. [PMID: 38255199 PMCID: PMC10813319 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Synapse loss is the principal cause of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related disorders (ADRD). Synapse development depends on the intricate dynamics of the neuronal cytoskeleton. Cofilin, the major protein regulating actin dynamics, can be sequestered into cofilactin rods, intra-neurite bundles of cofilin-saturated actin filaments that can disrupt vesicular trafficking and cause synaptic loss. Rods are a brain pathology in human AD and mouse models of AD and ADRD. Eliminating rods is the focus of this paper. One pathway for rod formation is triggered in ~20% of rodent hippocampal neurons by disease-related factors (e.g., soluble oligomers of Amyloid-β (Aβ)) and requires cellular prion protein (PrPC), active NADPH oxidase (NOX), and cytokine/chemokine receptors (CCRs). FDA-approved antagonists of CXCR4 and CCR5 inhibit Aβ-induced rods in both rodent and human neurons with effective concentrations for 50% rod reduction (EC50) of 1-10 nM. Remarkably, two D-amino acid receptor-active peptides (RAP-103 and RAP-310) inhibit Aβ-induced rods with an EC50 of ~1 pM in mouse neurons and ~0.1 pM in human neurons. These peptides are analogs of D-Ala-Peptide T-Amide (DAPTA) and share a pentapeptide sequence (TTNYT) antagonistic to several CCR-dependent responses. RAP-103 does not inhibit neuritogenesis or outgrowth even at 1 µM, >106-fold above its EC50. N-terminal methylation, or D-Thr to D-Ser substitution, decreases the rod-inhibiting potency of RAP-103 by 103-fold, suggesting high target specificity. Neither RAP peptide inhibits neuronal rod formation induced by excitotoxic glutamate, but both inhibit rods induced in human neurons by several PrPC/NOX pathway activators (Aβ, HIV-gp120 protein, and IL-6). Significantly, RAP-103 completely protects against Aβ-induced loss of mature and developing synapses and, at 0.1 nM, reverses rods in both rodent and human neurons (T½ ~ 3 h) even in the continuous presence of Aβ. Thus, this orally available, brain-permeable peptide should be highly effective in reducing rod pathology in multifactorial neurological diseases with mixed proteinopathies acting through PrPC/NOX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas B. Kuhn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (T.B.K.); (L.S.M.); (L.H.T.); (K.P.W.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Laurie S. Minamide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (T.B.K.); (L.S.M.); (L.H.T.); (K.P.W.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Lubna H. Tahtamouni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (T.B.K.); (L.S.M.); (L.H.T.); (K.P.W.); (A.E.S.)
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Sydney A. Alderfer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Keifer P. Walsh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (T.B.K.); (L.S.M.); (L.H.T.); (K.P.W.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Alisa E. Shaw
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (T.B.K.); (L.S.M.); (L.H.T.); (K.P.W.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Omar Yanouri
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Henry J. Haigler
- Creative Bio-Peptides, Inc., 10319 Glen Road, Suite 100, Potomac, MD 20854, USA; (H.J.H.); (M.R.R.)
| | - Michael R. Ruff
- Creative Bio-Peptides, Inc., 10319 Glen Road, Suite 100, Potomac, MD 20854, USA; (H.J.H.); (M.R.R.)
| | - James R. Bamburg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (T.B.K.); (L.S.M.); (L.H.T.); (K.P.W.); (A.E.S.)
- Molecular, Cellular and Integrative Neuroscience Program, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
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Tahtamouni LH, Alderfer SA, Kuhn TB, Minamide LS, Chanda S, Ruff MR, Bamburg JR. Characterization of a Human Neuronal Culture System for the Study of Cofilin-Actin Rod Pathology. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2942. [PMID: 38001943 PMCID: PMC10669520 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11112942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cofilactin rod pathology, which can initiate synapse loss, has been extensively studied in rodent neurons, hippocampal slices, and in vivo mouse models of human neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). In these systems, rod formation induced by disease-associated factors, such as soluble oligomers of Amyloid-β (Aβ) in AD, utilizes a pathway requiring cellular prion protein (PrPC), NADPH oxidase (NOX), and cytokine/chemokine receptors (CCR5 and/or CXCR4). However, rod pathways have not been systematically assessed in a human neuronal model. Here, we characterize glutamatergic neurons differentiated from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) for the formation of rods in response to activators of the PrPC-dependent pathway. Optimization of substratum, cell density, and use of glial-conditioned medium yielded a robust system for studying the development of Aβ-induced rods in the absence of glia, suggesting a cell-autonomous pathway. Rod induction in younger neurons requires ectopic expression of PrPC, but this dependency disappears by Day 55. The quantification of proteins within the rod-inducing pathway suggests that increased PrPC and CXCR4 expression may be factors in the doubling of the rod response to Aβ between Days 35 and 55. FDA-approved antagonists to CXCR4 and CCR5 inhibit the rod response. Rods were predominantly observed in dendrites, although severe cytoskeletal disruptions prevented the assignment of over 40% of the rods to either an axon or dendrite. In the absence of glia, a condition in which rods are more readily observed, neurons mature and fire action potentials but do not form functional synapses. However, PSD95-containing dendritic spines associate with axonal regions of pre-synaptic vesicles containing the glutamate transporter, VGLUT1. Thus, our results identified stem cell-derived neurons as a robust model for studying cofilactin rod formation in a human cellular environment and for developing effective therapeutic strategies for the treatment of dementias arising from multiple proteinopathies with different rod initiators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubna H. Tahtamouni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (T.B.K.); (L.S.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Sydney A. Alderfer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering and School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA;
| | - Thomas B. Kuhn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (T.B.K.); (L.S.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Laurie S. Minamide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (T.B.K.); (L.S.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Soham Chanda
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (T.B.K.); (L.S.M.); (S.C.)
| | - Michael R. Ruff
- Creative Bio-Peptides, Inc., 10319 Glen Road, Suite 100, Potomac, MD 20854, USA;
| | - James R. Bamburg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (T.B.K.); (L.S.M.); (S.C.)
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Kulczyńska-Przybik A, Dulewicz M, Doroszkiewicz J, Borawska R, Słowik A, Zetterberg H, Hanrieder J, Blennow K, Mroczko B. The Relationships between Cerebrospinal Fluid Glial (CXCL12, CX3CL, YKL-40) and Synaptic Biomarkers (Ng, NPTXR) in Early Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13166. [PMID: 37685973 PMCID: PMC10487764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
In addition to amyloid and tau pathology in the central nervous system (CNS), inflammatory processes and synaptic dysfunction are highly important mechanisms involved in the development and progression of dementia diseases. In the present study, we conducted a comparative analysis of selected pro-inflammatory proteins in the CNS with proteins reflecting synaptic damage and core biomarkers in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early Alzheimer's disease (AD). To our knowledge, no studies have yet compared CXCL12 and CX3CL1 with markers of synaptic disturbance in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the early stages of dementia. The quantitative assessment of selected proteins in the CSF of patients with MCI, AD, and non-demented controls (CTRL) was performed using immunoassays (single- and multiplex techniques). In this study, increased CSF concentration of CX3CL1 in MCI and AD patients correlated positively with neurogranin (r = 0.74; p < 0.001, and r = 0.40; p = 0.020, respectively), ptau181 (r = 0.49; p = 0.040), and YKL-40 (r = 0.47; p = 0.050) in MCI subjects. In addition, elevated CSF levels of CXCL12 in the AD group were significantly associated with mini-mental state examination score (r = -0.32; p = 0.040). We found significant evidence to support an association between CX3CL1 and neurogranin, already in the early stages of cognitive decline. Furthermore, our findings indicate that CXCL12 might be a useful marker for tract severity of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maciej Dulewicz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Julia Doroszkiewicz
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Renata Borawska
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Słowik
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Henrik Zetterberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 431 80 Mölndal, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, London WC1N 3AR, UK
- Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
- Wisconsin Alzheimer’s Disease Research Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53792-2460, USA
| | - Jörg Hanrieder
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK
- SciLifeLab, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kaj Blennow
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 431 80 Mölndal, Sweden
| | - Barbara Mroczko
- Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-269 Bialystok, Poland
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Tripathi R, Kumar P. Preliminary study to identify CXCR4 inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Integr Biol (Camb) 2023; 15:zyad012. [PMID: 37635325 DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyad012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) are known to exhibit genetic overlap and shared pathophysiology. This study aims to find the shared genetic architecture of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), two major age-related progressive neurodegenerative disorders. The gene expression profiles of GSE67333 (containing samples from AD patients) and GSE114517 (containing samples from PD patients) were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) functional genomics database managed by the National Center for Biotechnology Information. The web application GREIN (GEO RNA-seq Experiments Interactive Navigator) was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). A total of 617 DEGs (239 upregulated and 379 downregulated) were identified from the GSE67333 dataset. Likewise, 723 DEGs (378 upregulated and 344 downregulated) were identified from the GSE114517 dataset. The protein-protein interaction networks of the DEGs were constructed, and the top 50 hub genes were identified from the network of the respective dataset. Of the four common hub genes between two datasets, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) was selected due to its gene expression signature profile and the same direction of differential expression between the two datasets. Mavorixafor was chosen as the reference drug due to its known inhibitory activity against CXCR4 and its ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation of 51 molecules having structural similarity with Mavorixafor was performed to find two novel molecules, ZINC49067615 and ZINC103242147. This preliminary study might help predict molecular targets and diagnostic markers for treating Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. Insight Box Our research substantiates the therapeutic relevance of CXCR4 inhibitors for the treatment of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. We would like to disclose the following insights about this study. We found common signatures between Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases at transcriptional levels by analyzing mRNA sequencing data. These signatures were used to identify putative therapeutic agents for these diseases through computational analysis. Thus, we proposed two novel compounds, ZINC49067615 and ZINC103242147, that were stable, showed a strong affinity with CXCR4, and exhibited good pharmacokinetic properties. The interaction of these compounds with major residues of CXCR4 has also been described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India
| | - Pravir Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Molecular Neuroscience and Functional Genomics Laboratory, Delhi Technological University (Formerly Delhi College of Engineering), Delhi, India
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Ng C, Lee KL, Muthiah MD, Wu KX, Chioh FWJ, Tan K, Soon GST, Shabbir A, Loo WM, Low ZS, Chen Q, Tan NS, Ng HH, Dan YY, Cheung C. Endothelial‐immune crosstalk contributes to vasculopathy in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e54271. [PMID: 35403791 PMCID: PMC9171677 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202154271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The top cause of mortality in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is cardiovascular complications. However, mechanisms of NAFLD‐associated vasculopathy remain understudied. Here, we show that blood outgrowth endothelial cells (BOECs) from NAFLD subjects exhibit global transcriptional upregulation of chemokines and human leukocyte antigens. In mouse models of diet‐induced NAFLD, we confirm heightened endothelial expressions of CXCL12 in the aortas and the liver vasculatures, and increased retention of infiltrated leukocytes within the vessel walls. To elucidate endothelial‐immune crosstalk, we performed immunoprofiling by single‐cell analysis, uncovering T cell intensification in NAFLD patients. Functionally, treatment with a CXCL12‐neutralizing antibody is effective at moderating the enhanced chemotactic effect of NAFLD BOECs in recruiting CD8+ T lymphocytes. Interference with the CXCL12‐CXCR4 axis using a CXCR4 antagonist also averts the impact of immune cell transendothelial migration and restores endothelial barrier integrity. Clinically, we detect threefold more circulating damaged endothelial cells in NAFLD patients than in healthy controls. Our work provides insight into the modulation of interactions with effector immune cells to mitigate endothelial injury in NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun‐Yi Ng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
| | - Khang Leng Lee
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
| | - Mark Dhinesh Muthiah
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Department of Medicine National University Health System Singapore Singapore
| | - Kan Xing Wu
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
| | | | - Konstanze Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
| | | | - Asim Shabbir
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Department of Surgery University Surgical Cluster National University Health System Singapore Singapore
| | - Wai Mun Loo
- Department of Medicine National University Health System Singapore Singapore
| | - Zun Siong Low
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
| | - Qingfeng Chen
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
| | - Nguan Soon Tan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
| | - Huck Hui Ng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
- Genome Institute of Singapore Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
| | - Yock Young Dan
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore
- Department of Medicine National University Health System Singapore Singapore
| | - Christine Cheung
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine Nanyang Technological University Singapore Singapore
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore Singapore
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Gavriel Y, Rabinovich-Nikitin I, Solomon B. Inhibition of CXCR4/CXCL12 signaling: a translational perspective for Alzheimer's disease treatment. Neural Regen Res 2022; 17:108-109. [PMID: 34100443 PMCID: PMC8451578 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.314303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuval Gavriel
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Inna Rabinovich-Nikitin
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Beka Solomon
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Bamburg JR, Minamide LS, Wiggan O, Tahtamouni LH, Kuhn TB. Cofilin and Actin Dynamics: Multiple Modes of Regulation and Their Impacts in Neuronal Development and Degeneration. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102726. [PMID: 34685706 PMCID: PMC8534876 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteins of the actin depolymerizing factor (ADF)/cofilin family are ubiquitous among eukaryotes and are essential regulators of actin dynamics and function. Mammalian neurons express cofilin-1 as the major isoform, but ADF and cofilin-2 are also expressed. All isoforms bind preferentially and cooperatively along ADP-subunits in F-actin, affecting the filament helical rotation, and when either alone or when enhanced by other proteins, promotes filament severing and subunit turnover. Although self-regulating cofilin-mediated actin dynamics can drive motility without post-translational regulation, cells utilize many mechanisms to locally control cofilin, including cooperation/competition with other proteins. Newly identified post-translational modifications function with or are independent from the well-established phosphorylation of serine 3 and provide unexplored avenues for isoform specific regulation. Cofilin modulates actin transport and function in the nucleus as well as actin organization associated with mitochondrial fission and mitophagy. Under neuronal stress conditions, cofilin-saturated F-actin fragments can undergo oxidative cross-linking and bundle together to form cofilin-actin rods. Rods form in abundance within neurons around brain ischemic lesions and can be rapidly induced in neurites of most hippocampal and cortical neurons through energy depletion or glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. In ~20% of rodent hippocampal neurons, rods form more slowly in a receptor-mediated process triggered by factors intimately connected to disease-related dementias, e.g., amyloid-β in Alzheimer’s disease. This rod-inducing pathway requires a cellular prion protein, NADPH oxidase, and G-protein coupled receptors, e.g., CXCR4 and CCR5. Here, we will review many aspects of cofilin regulation and its contribution to synaptic loss and pathology of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Bamburg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (L.S.M.); (O.W.); (L.H.T.); (T.B.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-970-988-9120; Fax: +1-970-491-0494
| | - Laurie S. Minamide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (L.S.M.); (O.W.); (L.H.T.); (T.B.K.)
| | - O’Neil Wiggan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (L.S.M.); (O.W.); (L.H.T.); (T.B.K.)
| | - Lubna H. Tahtamouni
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (L.S.M.); (O.W.); (L.H.T.); (T.B.K.)
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13115, Jordan
| | - Thomas B. Kuhn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; (L.S.M.); (O.W.); (L.H.T.); (T.B.K.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA
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Identification of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii strains for gut microbiome-based intervention in Alzheimer's-type dementia. CELL REPORTS MEDICINE 2021; 2:100398. [PMID: 34622235 PMCID: PMC8484692 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Evidence linking the gut-brain axis to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is accumulating, but the characteristics of causally important microbes are poorly understood. We perform a fecal microbiome analysis in healthy subjects and those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD. We find that Faecalibacterium prausnitzii (F. prausnitzii) correlates with cognitive scores and decreases in the MCI group compared with the healthy group. Two isolated strains from the healthy group, live Fp360 and pasteurized Fp14, improve cognitive impairment in an AD mouse model. Whole-genome comparison of isolated strains reveals specific orthologs that are found only in the effective strains and are more abundant in the healthy group compared with the MCI group. Metabolome and RNA sequencing analyses of mouse brains provides mechanistic insights into the relationship between the efficacy of pasteurized Fp14, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function. We conclude that F. prausnitzii strains with these specific orthologs are candidates for gut microbiome-based intervention in Alzheimer's-type dementia. F. prausnitzii decreases in subjects with MCI and correlates with cognitive test scores Isolated F. prausnitzii strains improve Aβ-induced cognitive impairment in mice Comparative genomics reveals specific orthologs in the effective strains Effects of F. prausnitzii relate to oxidative stress and mitochondrial function
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Smith LK, Babcock IW, Minamide LS, Shaw AE, Bamburg JR, Kuhn TB. Direct interaction of HIV gp120 with neuronal CXCR4 and CCR5 receptors induces cofilin-actin rod pathology via a cellular prion protein- and NOX-dependent mechanism. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0248309. [PMID: 33705493 PMCID: PMC7951892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0248309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Nearly 50% of individuals with long-term HIV infection are affected by the onset of progressive HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND). HIV infiltrates the central nervous system (CNS) early during primary infection where it establishes persistent infection in microglia (resident macrophages) and astrocytes that in turn release inflammatory cytokines, small neurotoxic mediators, and viral proteins. While the molecular mechanisms underlying pathology in HAND remain poorly understood, synaptodendritic damage has emerged as a hallmark of HIV infection of the CNS. Here, we report that the HIV viral envelope glycoprotein gp120 induces the formation of aberrant, rod-shaped cofilin-actin inclusions (rods) in cultured mouse hippocampal neurons via a signaling pathway common to other neurodegenerative stimuli including oligomeric, soluble amyloid-β and proinflammatory cytokines. Previous studies showed that synaptic function is impaired preferentially in the distal proximity of rods within dendrites. Our studies demonstrate gp120 binding to either chemokine co-receptor CCR5 or CXCR4 is capable of inducing rod formation, and signaling through this pathway requires active NADPH oxidase presumably through the formation of superoxide (O2-) and the expression of cellular prion protein (PrPC). These findings link gp120-mediated oxidative stress to the generation of rods, which may underlie early synaptic dysfunction observed in HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa K. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States of America
| | - Isaac W. Babcock
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Laurie S. Minamide
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Alisa E. Shaw
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - James R. Bamburg
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Thomas B. Kuhn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, Alaska, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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