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Zhang XM, Huang J, Ni XY, Zhu HR, Huang ZX, Ding S, Yang XY, Tan YD, Chen JF, Cai JH. Current progression in application of extracellular vesicles in central nervous system diseases. Eur J Med Res 2024; 29:15. [PMID: 38173021 PMCID: PMC10763486 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01606-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis and pharmacological treatment of central nervous system (CNS) diseases has been a long-standing challenge for clinical research due to the presence of the blood-brain barrier. Specific proteins and RNAs in brain-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) usually reflect the corresponding state of brain disease, and therefore, EVs can be used as diagnostic biomarkers for CNS diseases. In addition, EVs can be engineered and fused to target cells for delivery of cargo, demonstrating the great potential of EVs as a nanocarrier platform. We review the progress of EVs as markers and drug carriers in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases. The main areas include visual imaging, biomarker diagnosis and drug loading therapy for different types of CNS diseases. It is hoped that increased knowledge of EVs will facilitate their clinical translation in CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Min Zhang
- Department of Radiology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No. 136, Zhongshan Second Road, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, No. 136, Zhongshan Second Road, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Jie Huang
- Department of Radiology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No. 136, Zhongshan Second Road, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, No. 136, Zhongshan Second Road, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Ni
- Department of Radiology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No. 136, Zhongshan Second Road, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, No. 136, Zhongshan Second Road, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Hui-Ru Zhu
- Department of Radiology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No. 136, Zhongshan Second Road, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, No. 136, Zhongshan Second Road, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Zhong-Xin Huang
- Department of Radiology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No. 136, Zhongshan Second Road, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, No. 136, Zhongshan Second Road, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Shuang Ding
- Department of Radiology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No. 136, Zhongshan Second Road, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, No. 136, Zhongshan Second Road, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Xin-Yi Yang
- Department of Radiology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No. 136, Zhongshan Second Road, Chongqing, 400014, China
- Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Stem Cell Therapy, No. 136, Zhongshan Second Road, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Yan-Di Tan
- Department of Ultrasound the Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, No. 1, Shuanghu Branch Road, Huixing Street, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Jian-Fu Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, The Second People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, No. 176, Qingnian Road, Kunming, 650021, China
| | - Jin-Hua Cai
- Department of Radiology Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, No. 136, Zhongshan Second Road, Chongqing, 400014, China.
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Xu M, Feng T, Liu B, Qiu F, Xu Y, Zhao Y, Zheng Y. Engineered exosomes: desirable target-tracking characteristics for cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative disease therapies. Theranostics 2021; 11:8926-8944. [PMID: 34522219 PMCID: PMC8419041 DOI: 10.7150/thno.62330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
As extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, exosomes are intercellular signalosomes for cell communication and pharmacological effectors. Because of their special properties, including low toxicity and immunogenicity, biodegradability, ability to encapsulate endogenous biologically active molecules and cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB), exosomes have great therapeutic potential in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the poor targeting ability of natural exosomes greatly reduces the therapeutic effect. Using engineering technology, exosomes can obtain active targeting ability to accumulate in specific cell types and tissues by attaching targeting units to the membrane surface or loading them into cavities. In this review, we outline the improved targeting functions of bioengineered exosomes, tracing and imaging techniques, administration methods, internalization in the BBB, and therapeutic effects of exosomes in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases and further evaluate the clinical opportunities and challenges in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Tao Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Fen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Youhua Xu
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau, China
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Saha A, Patel S, Xu L, Scotland P, Schwartzman J, Filiano AJ, Kurtzberg J, Balber AE. Human umbilical cord blood monocytes, but not adult blood monocytes, rescue brain cells from hypoxic-ischemic injury: Mechanistic and therapeutic implications. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218906. [PMID: 31483780 PMCID: PMC6726370 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cord blood (CB) mononuclear cells (MNC) are being tested in clinical trials to treat hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injuries. Although early results are encouraging, mechanisms underlying potential clinical benefits are not well understood. To explore these mechanisms further, we exposed mouse brain organotypic slice cultures to oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD) and then treated the brain slices with cells from CB or adult peripheral blood (PB). We found that CB-MNCs protect neurons from OGD-induced death and reduced both microglial and astrocyte activation. PB-MNC failed to affect either outcome. The protective activities were largely mediated by factors secreted by CB-MNC, as direct cell-to-cell contact between the injured brain slices and CB cells was not essential. To determine if a specific subpopulation of CB-MNC are responsible for these protective activities, we depleted CB-MNC of various cell types and found that only removal of CB CD14+ monocytes abolished neuroprotection. We also used positively selected subpopulations of CB-MNC and PB-MNC in this assay and demonstrated that purified CB-CD14+ cells, but not CB-PB CD14+ cells, efficiently protected neuronal cells from death and reduced glial activation following OGD. Gene expression microarray analysis demonstrated that compared to PB-CD14+ monocytes, CB-CD14+ monocytes over-expressed several secreted proteins with potential to protect neurons. Differential expression of five candidate effector molecules, chitinase 3-like protein-1, inhibin-A, interleukin-10, matrix metalloproteinase-9 and thrombospondin-1, were confirmed by western blotting, and immunofluorescence. These findings suggest that CD14+ monocytes are a critical cell-type when treating HI with CB-MNC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjun Saha
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures (MC3), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Sachit Patel
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures (MC3), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Li Xu
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures (MC3), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Paula Scotland
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures (MC3), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Schwartzman
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures (MC3), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Anthony J. Filiano
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures (MC3), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Joanne Kurtzberg
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures (MC3), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
| | - Andrew E. Balber
- Marcus Center for Cellular Cures (MC3), Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, United States of America
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Moreira A, Alayli Y, Balgi S, Winter C, Kahlenberg S, Mustafa S, Hornsby P. Upcycling umbilical cords: bridging regenerative medicine with neonatology. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019; 32:1378-1387. [PMID: 29132234 PMCID: PMC6175672 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1405387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 11/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Preterm birth is a major health concern that affects 10% of all worldwide deliveries. Many preterm infants are discharged from the hospital with morbidities that lead to an increased risk for neurodevelopmental impairment, recurrent hospitalizations, and life-long conditions. Unfortunately, the treatment of these conditions is palliative rather than curative, which calls for novel and innovative strategies. Progress in regenerative medicine has offered therapeutic options for many of these conditions. Specifically, human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and cord blood (UCB) cells have shown promise in treating adult-onset diseases. Unlike bone-marrow and embryonic derived stem cells, umbilical cord-derived cells are easily and humanely obtained, have low immunogenicity, and offer the potential of autologous therapy. While there are several studies to uphold the efficacy of umbilical cord MSCs in adult therapies, there remains an unmet need for the investigation of its use in treating neonates. The purpose of this review is to provide a summary of current information on the potential therapeutic benefits and clinical applicability of umbilical cord MSCs and UCB cells. Promising preclinical studies have now led to a research movement that is focusing on cell-based therapies for preterm infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alvaro Moreira
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health-San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Yasmeen Alayli
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health-San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Saloni Balgi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health-San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Caitlyn Winter
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health-San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Samuel Kahlenberg
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health-San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Shamimunisa Mustafa
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health-San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229
| | - Peter Hornsby
- Department of Cellular and Integrative Physiology, University of Texas Health-San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229
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Term vs. preterm cord blood cells for the prevention of preterm brain injury. Pediatr Res 2017; 82:1030-1038. [PMID: 28723885 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDWhite matter brain injury in preterm infants can induce neurodevelopmental deficits. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) cells demonstrate neuroprotective properties, but it is unknown whether cells obtained from preterm cord blood (PCB) vs. term cord blood (TCB) have similar efficacy. This study compared the ability of TCB vs. PCB cells to reduce white matter injury in preterm fetal sheep.METHODSHypoxia-ischemia (HI) was induced in fetal sheep (0.7 gestation) by 25 min umbilical cord occlusion. Allogeneic UCB cells from term or preterm sheep, or saline, were administered to the fetus at 12 h after HI. The fetal brain was collected at 10-day post HI for assessment of white matter neuropathology.RESULTSHI (n=7) induced cell death and microglial activation and reduced total oligodendrocytes and CNPase+myelin protein in the periventricular white matter and internal capsule when compared with control (n=10). Administration of TCB or PCB cells normalized white matter density and reduced cell death and microgliosis (P<0.05). PCB prevented upregulation of plasma tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-a, whereas TCB increased anti-inflammatory interleukin (IL)-10 (P<0.05). TCB, but not PCB, reduced circulating oxidative stress.CONCLUSIONSTCB and PCB cells reduced preterm HI-induced white matter injury, primarily via anti-inflammatory actions. The secondary mechanisms of neuroprotection appear different following TCB vs. PCB administration.
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Martinez B, Peplow PV. Immunomodulators and microRNAs as neurorestorative therapy for ischemic stroke. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:865-874. [PMID: 28761412 PMCID: PMC5514854 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.208540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Most of all strokes are ischemic due to occlusion of a vessel, and comprise two main types, thrombotic and embolic. Inflammation and immune response play an important role in the outcome of ischemic stroke. Pharmaceutical and cell-based therapies with immunomodulatory properties could be of benefit in treating ischemic stroke. Possible changes in microRNAs brought about by immunomodulatory treatments may be important. The pharmaceutical studies described in this review have identified several differentially regulated miRNAs associated with disregulation of mRNA targets or the upregulation of several neuroprotective genes, thereby highlighting the potential neuroprotective roles of specific miRNAs such as miR-762, -1892, -200a, -145. MiR-124, -711, -145 are the strongly associated miRNAs predicted to mediate anti-inflammatory pathways and microglia/macrophage M2-like activation phenotype. The cell-based therapy studies reviewed have mainly utilized mesenchymal stem cells or human umbilical cord blood cells and shown to improve functional and neurological outcomes in stroke animals. MiR-145 and miR-133b were implicated in nerve cell remodeling and functional recovery after stroke. Human umbilical cord blood cells decreased proinflammatory factors and promoted M2 macrophage polarization in stroke diabetic animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget Martinez
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Philip V Peplow
- Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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Label-Free Imaging of Umbilical Cord Tissue Morphology and Explant-Derived Cells. Stem Cells Int 2016; 2016:5457132. [PMID: 27746820 PMCID: PMC5056264 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5457132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/31/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In situ detection of MSCs remains difficult and warrants additional methods to aid with their characterization in vivo. Two-photon confocal laser scanning microscopy (TPM) and second harmonic generation (SHG) could fill this gap. Both techniques enable the detection of cells and extracellular structures, based on intrinsic properties of the specific tissue and intracellular molecules under optical irradiation. TPM imaging and SHG imaging have been used for label-free monitoring of stem cells differentiation, assessment of their behavior in biocompatible scaffolds, and even cell tracking in vivo. In this study, we show that TPM and SHG can accurately depict the umbilical cord architecture and visualize individual cells both in situ and during culture initiation, without the use of exogenously applied labels. In combination with nuclear DNA staining, we observed a variance in fluorescent intensity in the vessel walls. In addition, antibody staining showed differences in Oct4, αSMA, vimentin, and ALDH1A1 expression in situ, indicating functional differences among the umbilical cord cell populations. In future research, marker-free imaging can be of great added value to the current antigen-based staining methods for describing tissue structures and for the identification of progenitor cells in their tissue of origin.
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Lawton C, Acosta S, Watson N, Gonzales-Portillo C, Diamandis T, Tajiri N, Kaneko Y, Sanberg PR, Borlongan CV. Enhancing endogenous stem cells in the newborn via delayed umbilical cord clamping. Neural Regen Res 2015; 10:1359-62. [PMID: 26604879 PMCID: PMC4625484 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.165218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
There is currently no consensus among clinicians and scientists over the appropriate or optimal timing for umbilical cord clamping. However, many clinical studies have suggested that delayed cord clamping is associated with various neonatal benefits including increased blood volume, reduced need for blood transfusion, increased cerebral oxygenation in pre-term infants, and decreased frequency of iron deficiency anemia in term infants. Human umbilical cord blood contains significant amounts of stem and progenitor cells and is currently used in the treatment of several life-threatening diseases. We propose that delayed cord clamping be encouraged as it enhances blood flow from the placenta to the neonate, which is accompanied by an increase supply of valuable stem and progenitor cells, as well as may improve blood oxygenation and increase blood volume, altogether reducing the infant's susceptibility to both neonatal and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Lawton
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Sandra Acosta
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Nate Watson
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Chiara Gonzales-Portillo
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Theo Diamandis
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Naoki Tajiri
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Yuji Kaneko
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Paul R Sanberg
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Cesar V Borlongan
- Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair, Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, FL, USA
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Boltze J, Arnold A, Walczak P, Jolkkonen J, Cui L, Wagner DC. The Dark Side of the Force - Constraints and Complications of Cell Therapies for Stroke. Front Neurol 2015; 6:155. [PMID: 26257702 PMCID: PMC4507146 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2015.00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapies are increasingly recognized as a promising option to augment the limited therapeutic arsenal available to fight ischemic stroke. During the last two decades, cumulating preclinical evidence has indicated a substantial efficacy for most cell treatment paradigms and first clinical trials are currently underway to assess safety and feasibility in patients. However, the strong and still unmet demand for novel stroke treatment options and exciting findings reported from experimental studies may have drawn our attention away from potential side effects related to cell therapies and the ways by which they are commonly applied. This review summarizes common and less frequent adverse events that have been discovered in preclinical and clinical investigations assessing cell therapies for stroke. Such adverse events range from immunological and neoplastic complications over seizures to cell clotting and cell-induced embolism. It also describes potential complications of clinically applicable administration procedures, detrimental interactions between therapeutic cells, and the pathophysiological environment that they are placed into, as well as problems related to cell manufacturing. Virtually each therapeutic intervention comes at a certain risk for complications. Side effects do therefore not generally compromise the value of cell treatments for stroke, but underestimating such complications might severely limit therapeutic safety and efficacy of cell treatment protocols currently under development. On the other hand, a better understanding will provide opportunities to further improve existing therapeutic strategies and might help to define those circumstances, under which an optimal effect can be realized. Hence, the review eventually discusses strategies and recommendations allowing us to prevent or at least balance potential complications in order to ensure the maximum therapeutic benefit at minimum risk for stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Boltze
- Department of Cell Therapy, Fraunhofer-Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology , Leipzig , Germany ; Translational Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of Leipzig , Leipzig , Germany
| | - Antje Arnold
- Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA ; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Piotr Walczak
- Division of MR Research, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD , USA ; Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD , USA
| | - Jukka Jolkkonen
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Lili Cui
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Daniel-Christoph Wagner
- Department of Cell Therapy, Fraunhofer-Institute for Cell Therapy and Immunology , Leipzig , Germany
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MG G. Intracavernous Administration of Adipose Stem Cells: A New Technique of Treating Erectile Dysfunction in Diabetic Patient, Preliminary Report of 6 Cases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.15406/mojcsr.2015.02.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Transplantation of cryopreserved human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells does not induce sustained recovery after experimental stroke in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2014; 34:e1-9. [PMID: 24169850 PMCID: PMC3887359 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2013.185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have highlighted the enormous potential of cell-based therapies for stroke not only to prevent ischemic brain damage, but also to amplify endogenous repair processes. Considering its widespread availability and low immunogenicity human umbilical cord blood (HUCB) is a particularly attractive stem cell source. Our goal was to investigate the neurorestorative potential of cryopreserved HUCB mononuclear cells (MNC) after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Human umbilical cord blood MNC or vehicle solution was administered intravenously 24 hours after MCAO. Experimental groups were as follows: (1) quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of host-derived growth factors up to 48 hours after stroke; (2) immunohistochemical analysis of astroglial scarring; (3) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and weekly behavioral tests for 2 months after stroke. Long-term functional outcome and lesion development on MRI were not beneficially influenced by HUCB MNC therapy. Furthermore, HUCB MNC treatment did not change local growth factor levels and glial scarring extent. In summary, we could not demonstrate neurorestorative properties of HUCB MNC after stroke in SHR. Our results advise caution regarding a prompt translation of cord blood therapy into clinical stroke trials as long as deepened knowledge about its precise modes of action is missing.
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Therapeutic effects of hMAPC and hMSC transplantation after stroke in mice. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43683. [PMID: 22952736 PMCID: PMC3432058 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke represents an attractive target for stem cell therapy. Although different types of cells have been employed in animal models, a direct comparison between cell sources has not been performed. The aim of our study was to assess the effect of human multipotent adult progenitor cells (hMAPCs) and human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) on endogenous neurogenesis, angiogenesis and inflammation following stroke. BALB/Ca-RAG 2(-/-) γC(-/-) mice subjected to FeCl(3) thrombosis mediated stroke were intracranially injected with 2 × 10(5) hMAPCs or hMSCs 2 days after stroke and followed for up to 28 days. We could not detect long-term engraftment of either cell population. However, in comparison with PBS-treated animals, hMSC and hMAPC grafted animals demonstrated significantly decreased loss of brain tissue. This was associated with increased angiogenesis, diminished inflammation and a glial-scar inhibitory effect. Moreover, enhanced proliferation of cells in the subventricular zone (SVZ) and survival of newly generated neuroblasts was observed. Interestingly, these neuroprotective effects were more pronounced in the group of animals treated with hMAPCs in comparison with hMSCs. Our results establish cell therapy with hMAPCs and hMSCs as a promising strategy for the treatment of stroke.
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Jozwiak S, Habich A, Kotulska K, Sarnowska A, Kropiwnicki T, Janowski M, Jurkiewicz E, Lukomska B, Kmiec T, Walecki J, Roszkowski M, Litwin M, Oldak T, Boruczkowski D, Domanska-Janik K. Intracerebroventricular Transplantation of Cord Blood-Derived Neural Progenitors in a Child With Severe Global Brain Ischemic Injury. CELL MEDICINE 2010; 1:71-80. [PMID: 26966631 PMCID: PMC4776166 DOI: 10.3727/215517910x536618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Transplantation of neural stem/precursor cells has recently been proposed as a promising, albeit still controversial, approach to brain repair. Human umbilical cord blood could be a source of such therapeutic cells, proven beneficial in several preclinical models of stroke. Intracerebroventricular infusion of neutrally committed cord blood-derived cells allows their broad distribution in the CNS, whereas additional labeling with iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO) enables to follow the fate of engrafted cells by MRI. A 16-month-old child at 7 months after the onset of cardiac arrest-induced global hypoxic/ischemic brain injury, resulting in a permanent vegetative state, was subjected to intracerebroventricular transplantation of the autologous neutrally committed cord blood cells. These cells obtained by 10-day culture in vitro in neurogenic conditions were tagged with SPIO nanoparticles and grafted monthly by three serial injections (12 × 10(6) cells/0.5 ml) into lateral ventricle of the brain. Neural conversion of cord blood cells and superparamagnetic labeling efficiency was confirmed by gene expression, immunocytochemistry, and phantom study. MRI examination revealed the discrete hypointense areas appearing immediately after transplantation in the vicinity of lateral ventricles wall with subsequent lowering of the signal during entire period of observation. The child was followed up for 6 months after the last transplantation and his neurological status slightly but significantly improved. No clinically significant adverse events were noted. This report indicates that intracerebroventricular transplantation of autologous, neutrally committed cord blood cells is a feasible, well tolerated, and safe procedure, at least during 6 months of our observation period. Moreover, a cell-related MRI signal persisted at a wall of lateral ventricle for more than 4 months and could be monitored in transplanted brain hemisphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergiusz Jozwiak
- *Department of Neurology and Epileptology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Habich
- †NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kotulska
- *Department of Neurology and Epileptology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Sarnowska
- †NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kropiwnicki
- ‡Department of Neurosurgery, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Miroslaw Janowski
- †NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Jurkiewicz
- §Department of Radiology, MR Unit, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Barbara Lukomska
- †NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kmiec
- *Department of Neurology and Epileptology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jerzy Walecki
- ¶Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Postgraduate Medical Centre and Experimental Pharmacology Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marcin Roszkowski
- ‡Department of Neurosurgery, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mieczyslaw Litwin
- #Department of Nephrology, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Krystyna Domanska-Janik
- †NeuroRepair Department, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
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