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Hameleers A, Boonen B, Most J, Dremmen M, Schotanus MGM, Van Vugt R. Permissive Weight Bearing in Proximal Humeral Fracture Management: A Survey-Based Inquiry in the Netherlands. Cureus 2024; 16:e57670. [PMID: 38707136 PMCID: PMC11070209 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.57670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Proximal humeral fractures (PHF) are common, particularly among the elderly due to low-energy trauma. Adequate rehabilitation is essential for functional recovery, whether through conservative or surgical treatment. Permissive weight bearing (PWB) is a relatively new rehabilitation concept, characterized by earlier mobilization of the affected limb/joint after trauma. Multiple studies demonstrated the value of PWB for the lower extremities, but this has not been translated to the upper extremity (i.e. PHF). Therefore, our aim was to investigate the current state and variability of rehabilitation of PHF and the role of implementing PWB principles in aftercare. Materials and methods An online survey, comprising 23 questions about the treatment of PHF, was distributed amongst an estimated 800 Dutch orthopaedic and trauma surgeons via the Dutch Orthopaedic and Dutch Trauma Society newsletter from May 2021 until July 2021. Results Among 88 respondents (n=69 orthopaedic, n=17 trauma surgeons, and n=2 other), most recommended early post-trauma mobilization (<6 weeks). Additionally, 53.4% (n=49) advised starting load bearing after six weeks for conservatively treated patients and 59.8% (n=52) for operative treatment. A wide variation of exercises used after immobilization was found in both groups. The usage of a sling after operative treatment was advised by 86% (n=74) of all 86 respondents. Conclusions The present study found limited consensus about PHF aftercare and the implementation of weight-bearing principles. The majority recommended early mobilization and advised the usage of a sling. A protocol capable of accommodating the diversity in aftercare (e.g. fracture type) is essential for maintaining structured rehabilitation, with PWB emerging as a promising example. More prospective studies are needed to form an evidence-based protocol focusing on the aftercare of PHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Hameleers
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, NLD
- Department of Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center+, Maastricht, NLD
| | - Bert Boonen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, NLD
| | - Jasper Most
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Center, Sittard-Geleen, NLD
| | - Martijn Dremmen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, NLD
| | | | - Raoul Van Vugt
- Department of Surgery, Zuyderland Medical Center, Heerlen, NLD
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Kimmeyer M, Schmalzl J, Schmidt E, Graf A, Rentschler V, Gerhardt C, Lehmann LJ. Surgical treatment of fracture sequelae of the proximal humerus according to a pathology-based modification of the Boileau classification results in improved clinical outcome after shoulder arthroplasty. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY & TRAUMATOLOGY : ORTHOPEDIE TRAUMATOLOGIE 2024; 34:757-769. [PMID: 37690026 PMCID: PMC10858156 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-023-03721-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fracture sequelae of the proximal humerus were classified by Boileau into four types. Since there are pathomorphological differences and specific characteristics within the four types, we have developed a subclassification. For elderly patients, shoulder arthroplasty is mostly recommended. Based on the available literature and clinical trial results, a subclassification could be created that suggests a specific therapy for each subgroup. The aim of this study was to evaluate the endoprosthetic therapy according to the proposed subclassification and to provide an overview of the clinical and radiological results after endoprosthetic treatment of proximal humerus fracture sequelae. METHODS Patients with fracture sequelae of the proximal humerus who underwent arthroplasty according to the suggestion of the subclassification were included. Minimum time to follow-up was twelve months. General condition and several specific shoulder scores as the Constant-Murley Score (CS) were recorded at the follow-up examination. Complication and revision rates were analyzed. RESULTS In total, 59 patients (72.6 ± 10.0 years, 47 females, 12 males) were included. Mean follow-up time was 31.3 ± 17.0 months. Reverse shoulder arthroplasty was performed in 49 patients and anatomic shoulder arthroplasty was performed in ten patients. The CS increased by 47.3 points from preoperative (15.0) to postoperative (62.3). Good or very good clinical results were seen in 61% of the patients. Complications were observed in twelve (20%) patients and revision surgery was performed in nine (15%) patients. CONCLUSION Due to of the variety of fracture sequelae of the proximal humerus, a modification of the Boileau classification seems necessary. This study shows that endoprosthetic treatment for fracture sequelae can significantly improve the shoulder function in elderly patients. Good clinical results can be achieved with a comparatively low revision rate following the treatment suggestions of the proposed subclassification of the Boileau classification. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV Case series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kimmeyer
- Department of Traumatology, Hand Surgery and Sports Medicine, ViDia Clinics Karlsruhe, Steinhaeusserstr. 18, 76135, Karlsruhe, Germany.
- Alps Surgery Institute, Clinique Générale Annecy, 4 Chemin de La Tour la Reine, 74000, Annecy, France.
| | - Jonas Schmalzl
- Department of Trauma, Hand, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Oberduerrbacher Str. 6, 97080, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Evelin Schmidt
- Department of Traumatology, Hand Surgery and Sports Medicine, ViDia Clinics Karlsruhe, Steinhaeusserstr. 18, 76135, Karlsruhe, Germany
- University of Jena, Bachstr. 18, 07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Annika Graf
- Department of Traumatology, Hand Surgery and Sports Medicine, ViDia Clinics Karlsruhe, Steinhaeusserstr. 18, 76135, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Verena Rentschler
- Department of Traumatology, Hand Surgery and Sports Medicine, ViDia Clinics Karlsruhe, Steinhaeusserstr. 18, 76135, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christian Gerhardt
- Department of Traumatology, Hand Surgery and Sports Medicine, ViDia Clinics Karlsruhe, Steinhaeusserstr. 18, 76135, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Lars-Johannes Lehmann
- Department of Traumatology, Hand Surgery and Sports Medicine, ViDia Clinics Karlsruhe, Steinhaeusserstr. 18, 76135, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Hammes A, Smektala R, Halbach D, Müller-Mai C. [One-year outcomes after proximal humeral fractures : A risk-adjusted regression analysis of routine data based on 17,322 cases]. CHIRURGIE (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 94:870-876. [PMID: 37608117 DOI: 10.1007/s00104-023-01942-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proximal humeral fractures (PHF) are the third most common fracture in geriatric traumatology. No standard evidence-based treatment has been established so far. The epidemiology and economic burden highlight the importance of a targeted treatment strategy. OBJECTIVE Epidemiology of PHF and analysis of the influence of preoperative length of stay, comorbidities and quality of patient life. Additionally, a comparison to the more frequently studied proximal femoral fractures. MATERIAL AND METHODS A routine data analysis of 17,322 cases admitted for inpatient treatment with an observational period of 1 year was performed following an established model. Descriptive statistics included comorbidities, treatment procedures and mortality. Analytical statistics using logistic regression with the primary endpoints of early revision, mortality and decubitus within 1 year. RESULTS In the investigated PHFs there was a mortality of 13% within 1 year, which is increased three-fold in patients with comorbidities such as cancer. There was an increase of 57% in patients who first received a care level following PHF. A preoperative care level in general significantly decreased survival. The most frequently used surgical procedure was fixation via stable-angle plate (used in 43%). The preoperative length of stay did not impact survival. DISCUSSION Intrinsic factors such as preoperative comorbidities are crucial for the mortality after PHF. The PHF affects patients' lives less than proximal femoral fractures. With comparable comorbidity profiles, possible reasons are the lower levels of immobilization and less dependency on care before the fracture in comparison to proximal femoral fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hammes
- Klinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum GmbH, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892, Bochum, Deutschland.
| | - R Smektala
- Klinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum GmbH, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892, Bochum, Deutschland
| | - D Halbach
- Knappschaft, Knappschaftstr. 1, 44799, Bochum, Deutschland
| | - C Müller-Mai
- Klinik für Unfallchirurgie und Orthopädie, Universitätsklinikum Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum GmbH, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, In der Schornau 23-25, 44892, Bochum, Deutschland
- Klinik für Unfallchirurgie, Orthopädie und Sportmedizin, St. Marien Hospital, Altstadtstraße 23, 44534, Lünen, Deutschland
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Dewarrat A, Terrier A, Barimani B, Vauclair F. Comparison of the ALPS and PHILOS plating systems in proximal humeral fracture fixation - a retrospective study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:371. [PMID: 37165381 PMCID: PMC10170861 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06477-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Open reduction and plate osteosynthesis are considered as a successful technique for the treatment of proximal humerus fracture (PHF) despite high complication rates. The objective of our study was to review the clinical outcome and complications of the Anatomic Locking Plate System (ALPS) and compare it to the Proximal Humeral Internal Locking System (PHILOS). Our hypothesis was that ranges of motion (ROM) were superior and complication rates were lower with ALPS. METHODS Twenty patients treated with ALPS for PHF were retrospectively compared to 27 patients treated with PHILOS. Union, ROM and complications were clinically and radiologically assessed at 6 weeks, 3, 6, 12 and 18-24 months post-operatively. RESULTS Mean age was 52 ± 14 in the ALPS group and 58 ± 13 in the PHILOS group. Last follow-ups were conducted at a mean of 20.6 ± 4.8 months. Mean shoulder abduction was superior with ALPS by 14° (p-value = 0.036), 15° (p-value = 0.049), and 15° (p-value = 0.049) at 3, 6, and 12 months respectively. Mean shoulder external rotation was superior with ALPS by 11° (p-value = 0.032), 15° (p-value = 0.010) and 12° (p-value = 0.016) at 6 weeks, 3 and 6 months respectively. At the end of the follow-up, ROM remained better with ALPS, but not significantly. Complication rates over 21 months reached 20% with ALPS and 48% with PHILOS (p-value = 0.045). Implant removal rates reached 10% with ALPS and 37% with PHILOS (p-value = 0.036). Avascular necrosis was the only cause for hardware removal in the ALPS group. CONCLUSION The ALPS group showed better clinical outcomes with faster recovery in abduction and external rotation, although no difference in ROM remained after 21 months. Additionally, the complications rate was lower at last follow up. In our experience, the ALPS plating system is an effective management option in some PHF.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexandre Terrier
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Biomechanical Orthopedics, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Station 9, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Bardia Barimani
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Frédéric Vauclair
- University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Self-Reduction in Proximal Humerus Fractures through Upright Patient Positioning: Is It up to Gravity? Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12092096. [PMID: 36140497 PMCID: PMC9498024 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12092096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The self-reduction in proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) remains a poorly explored myth, and it was rarely investigated in the past. One of the oldest hypotheses suggests that gravity and the weight of the affected arm alone are driving forces, which facilitate a self-reducing potential in PHFs. However, thus far, clear radiographic evidence for this theory is missing in the literature. This study aimed to investigate the immediate effect of upright patient positioning on self-reducing of PHFs. Methods: Between November 2019 and November 2020, seven consecutively bedridden but mentally competent patients were admitted to our emergency department with an acute proximal humerus fracture. Within routinely attempts of closed reductions under the control of an image converter (C-arm), immobile patients were mobilized into an upright sitting position on a stretcher while the affected arm was immobilized in a sling. Fluoroscopic controls were performed before and after upright positioning. Changes in the head-shaft angle (HSA), as well as the medial hinge index (MHI), were determined on plain true anteroposterior (AP) fluoroscopic images. Results: In all cases, upright patient positioning had an immediate self-reducing effect. This effect could be seen in five out of seven cases for both HSA and MHI. Changes in HSA and MHI averaged 21.2° and 0.25, respectively. Mean deviation from an ideal, anatomic HSA of 135° decreased through upright positioning from 25.5° to 13.8°. Mean deviation from an ideal, anatomic MHI of 1 decreased through upright positioning from 0.28 to 0.19. Conclusions: Upright patient positioning might contribute immediately to the self-reduction in PHF through the force of gravity. This underlines the importance of being aware of patients’ position when interpreting X-ray images within treatment decision-making processes.
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3D-Printed Models versus CT Scan and X-Rays Imaging in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Proximal Humerus Fractures: A Triple-Blind Interobserver Reliability Comparison Study. Adv Orthop 2022; 2022:5863813. [PMID: 35733650 PMCID: PMC9208975 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5863813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) are one of the most frequent fractures in the elderly and are the third most fractures after those of the hip and wrist. PHFs are assessed clinically through conventionally standard imaging (X-ray and computed tomography (CT) scans). The present study aims to conduct the diagnostic evaluation and therapeutic efficacy of the 3D-printed models (3DPMs) for the PHFs, compared with the standard imaging. Objectives In terms of fracture classification and surgical indication, PHFs have poor interobserver agreement between orthopedic surgeons using traditional imaging such as X-rays and CT scan. Our objective is to compare interobserver reliability in diagnostic evaluation of PHFs using 3DPMs compared to traditional imaging. Methods The inclusion criteria were elders aged >65 years, fracture classification AO/OTA 11 B and 11 C, and no pathological fractures or polytrauma. In addition, 9 PHFs were assessed by 6 evaluators through a questionnaire and double-blinded administered for each imaging (X-ray and CT scan) and 3DPMs for each fracture. The questionnaire for each method regarded Neer classification, Hertel classification, treatment indication (IT), and surgical technique (ST). Interobserver reliability was calculated through the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Results Nine patients with PHF were included in the study (66% female). The Neer and Hertel classifications between imaging types had similar ICC values between raters with no statistical differences. IT reliability using CT scan and 3DPMs (ICC = 1; (p=0.116)) assessed better agreement compared with X-rays IT. The ST reliability using 3DPMs (ICC = 0.755; p=0.002) was statistically superior to traditional imaging (ST-RX ICC = -0.004 (p=0.454); ST-CT ICC = 0.429 (p=0.116)). Conclusion Classification systems like Neer and Hertel offer poor reliability between operators. The 3DPMs for evaluating diagnostics are comparable to CT images but superior to the surgical technique agreement. The application of 3DPMs is effective for preoperative fracture planning and the modeling of patient-specific hardware.
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Thelen S, Grassmann JP, Schneider M, Jaekel C, Meier DM, Betsch M, Hakimi M, Wild M. The influence of fracture severity on postoperative outcome and quality of life after locking plate fixation of proximal humeral fractures. GMS INTERDISCIPLINARY PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY DGPW 2022; 11:Doc03. [PMID: 35692287 PMCID: PMC9178521 DOI: 10.3205/iprs000164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: For proximal humeral fractures open reduction und internal fixation (ORIF) with a fixed-angle plate is considered the gold standard for surgical management. However, it can lead to poor functional outcomes and is associated with postoperative complications. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of fracture severity by applying a new classification (simple versus complex) on clinical outcome and quality of life after ORIF of proximal humerus fractures. Methods: We conducted a prospective clinical study with an average follow-up period of 12 (SD 1) months after ORIF of proximal humeral fractures with a fixed-angle plate. The postoperative function and quality of life was measured using the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) and the Constant Score. Data was tested for statistical significance with the Mann-Whitney test and Fisher's exact test. Based on the findings of this study a simplified fracture classification system has been developed. Results: Seventy-two patients with a mean age of 65 years (SD 12) with 69% being males were included. According to the Neer classification, 35% (n=25) non-displaced (“one-part fractures”), 19% (n=14) two-part fractures, 15% (n=11) three-part fractures and 31% (n=22) four-part fractures were detected. Regarding the AO/OTA classification, 18% (n=13) were type A fractures, 43% (n=31) type B and 39% (n=28) type C fractures. From these criteria we derived our own fracture classification, including 50% (n=36) simple and 50% (n=36) severe fractures. Patients with simple fracture types achieved significantly higher total values in the Constant Score as well as the OSS (p=0.008; p=0.013). The cumulative incidence of complications in the entire patient collective was 14% (n=10) with humeral head necrosis (n=5) occurring only in the severe fracture group. Conclusions: The postoperative clinical outcome as well as the incidence of humeral head necrosis after ORIF of proximal humeral fractures with a fixed-angle plate correlates with the fracture type and severity. The newly derived fracture classification into simple and severe fractures is suitable with regard to clinical results and complication rate. However, prospective studies comparing ORIF vs. conservative treatment of proximal humeral fractures of the same severity are required. Level of Evidence: III
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Thelen
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan P. Grassmann
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany,*To whom correspondence should be addressed: Jan P. Grassmann, Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany, Phone: +49 (0) 211-81-04400, Fax: +49 (0) 211-81-04902, E-mail:
| | - Madeleine Schneider
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Carina Jaekel
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dana M. Meier
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marcel Betsch
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mohssen Hakimi
- Vivantes Klinikum Am Urban, Department of Orthopedic, Trauma and Hand Surgery, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michael Wild
- Department of Orthopedics, Trauma and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
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Comparison of 30-day complications between reverse shoulder arthroplasty and open reduction internal fixation for the treatment of proximal humerus fractures. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND TRAUMATOLOGY 2022; 33:1117-1124. [PMID: 35429276 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-022-03260-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE While the use of open reduction internal fixation (ORIF) has remained stable over the last decade, there has been a significant increase in the use of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) for proximal humerus fractures (PHFs). This study sought to compare the complication profiles of RTSA to ORIF in a large, validated, retrospective cohort. METHODS Patients who underwent surgical treatment for PHFs with RTSA or ORIF were identified in a national database (NSQIP) using CPT and ICD codes. Demographics and comorbidities were identified for each cohort of patients. Thirty-day complications were analyzed with univariate and multivariate analyses using Chi-square, Fischer's exact and analysis of variance testing. RESULTS The total number of patients included in this study was 2157.522 (24.2%) underwent RTSA and 1635 (75.8%) underwent ORIF. Patients undergoing RTSA were older with an average age of 73.52 years compared with 63.84 years in those undergoing ORIF (p < 0.001). Patients with RTSA were more likely to experience any complications (p < 0.001), pulmonary complications (p = 0.029), extended length of stay > 3 days (p < 0.001), and perioperative transfusion requirement (p < 0.001) after univariate analysis. After controlling for demographic differences, the only statistically significant complication was perioperative transfusion requirement (OR 1.383). CONCLUSION After controlling for demographic variables and comorbidities, RTSA placed patients at increased risk for perioperative blood transfusion. Patients undergoing RTSA should be counseled prior to surgery regarding the risk for transfusion and potentially optimized medically through multidisciplinary care if the surgeon elects to proceed with RTSA versus ORIF for the treatment of PHFs.
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Boyer P, Couffignal C, Bahman M, Mylle G, Rousseau MA, Dukan R. Displaced three and four part proximal humeral fractures: prospective controlled randomized open-label two-arm study comparing intramedullary nailing and locking plate. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2021; 45:2917-2926. [PMID: 34554308 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-021-05217-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was (1) to compare clinical and radiological outcomes of 3- and 4-part proximal humeral fractures using either IMN or LP (2) and to report complications related to each technique. METHODS A prospective controlled randomized open-label two-arm study was performed. Ninety-nine consecutive adult patients with a 3- and 4-part displaced acute proximal humeral fractures were randomized to be treated with IMN (n = 49) or LP (n = 50). Constant, ASES and SST scores were recorded by the surgeon. Range of motion was evaluated. A visual analog scale (VAS) was used to assess shoulder pain. Complications and revision surgeries were reported. RESULTS Eighty-five patients were analyzed, nine were lost, and five died during the follow-up period. The mean age was 73.7 years (± 13.3,, and the mean follow-up was 66 months (± 13.5). At last follow-up, VAS was lower in the IMN group (0.9 (± 1.1) vs. 1.9 (± 1.7), p = 0.001). The median Constant score was significantly higher in the IMN group (81.6 (± 10.9) points) vs. in the LP group (75.6 (± 19.5) points) (p = 0.043), and ASES score was also significantly higher in the IMN group (86.3 (± 9.5) vs. 75.2 (± 19.6), p = 0.001). There was no difference in the range of motion or SST scores between the two groups. Complications were seen higher in the LP group (9 (21%) vs. 22 (52%), p = 0.003). Revision surgery was higher in the LP group (37% vs. 21%). CONCLUSION Satisfactory results were accomplished in both groups according to the reported clinical outcomes. Complication and revision rates were higher in LP group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Boyer
- Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Université de Paris, Hôpital, Bichat 46 Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Camille Couffignal
- Clinical Research, Biostatistics and Epidemiology Department, AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat, F-75018, Paris, France
| | - Mohammad Bahman
- Alrazi Hospital, University of Kuwait, Al Sabah Medical Area, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - Guy Mylle
- Clinique Hartmann, Neuilly Sur Seine, France
| | - Marc-Antoine Rousseau
- Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Université de Paris, Hôpital, Bichat 46 Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France
| | - Ruben Dukan
- Orthopaedic Surgery Department, Université de Paris, Hôpital, Bichat 46 Henri Huchard, 75018, Paris, France.
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Gathen M, Cucchi D, Jansen T, Goost H, Schildberg FA, Burger C, Wirtz DC, Kabir K, Welle K. Practicability of a Virtual Consultation to Evaluate the Shoulder Joint. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR ORTHOPADIE UND UNFALLCHIRURGIE 2021; 161:195-200. [PMID: 34544165 DOI: 10.1055/a-1522-9087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the course of the corona pandemic, resource conservation and the protection of further infections have made it necessary to break new ground in the organisation of orthopaedic and trauma surgery consultations. One solution is consistent digitisation and the offer of video consultation hours. In this study, non-contact examination of patients with shoulder disorders is described and critically examined. METHODS Thirty patients who presented with pathologies of the shoulder joint in a university outpatient clinic were subjected to a physical examination in a conventional and contactless manner. The data obtained on mobility, function and provocation test of both examinations were compared to draw conclusions about the virtual feasibility. RESULTS 46% of the patients suffered from a traumatic shoulder lesion, and 54% showed degenerative lesions. The assessment of mobility showed a high correlation of 70 - 90% between the two examinations. Common tests to evaluate the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis and the long head of the biceps could be adequately performed in a contactless version by more than three quarters of the patients, but with low-to-moderate performance values. CONCLUSION Contact-less examination is particularly disadvantageous when evaluating stability criteria. For the medical history and functional test, there were no significant differences between the classic consultation and contactless consultation. Although virtual consultation is a widespread and valuable addition in pandemic times, it cannot replace a safe assessment and indication by personal examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Gathen
- Clinic for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Davide Cucchi
- Clinic for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Tom Jansen
- Clinic for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Hans Goost
- Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, Krankenhaus Wermelskirchen, Germany
| | | | - Christof Burger
- Clinic for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Koroush Kabir
- Clinic for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
| | - Kristian Welle
- Clinic for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Bonn, Germany
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Dahm F, Feichtinger X, Vallant SM, Haffner N, Schaden W, Fialka C, Mittermayr R. High-energy extracorporeal shockwave therapy in humeral delayed and non-unions. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2021; 48:3043-3049. [PMID: 34515810 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-021-01782-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Within the last few decades, focused high-energy extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) has proven to be an effective alternative to standard of care revision surgery in delayed healing fractures or manifest non-unions in various anatomical regions. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective multi-variant analysis of an open prospective, single-armed clinical study was conducted. Patients receiving focused high-energy ESWT for a delayed healing or an apparent non-union of a humeral fracture between January 1999 and December 2015 at a single trauma center were included in the study. Bony healing was defined as cortical continuity in three of four cortices and pain-free force loading and evaluated using CT scans and clinical examination at three- and six-month follow-ups after ESWT. RESULTS A total of 236 patients were included. N = 93 (43.8%) showed bony consolidation three months after ESWT and n = 105 (52.5%) after six months. Sub-group analysis showed significantly better healing for the proximal metaphyseal humerus (66.7% after six months, n = 42) compared to the diaphyseal region (48.1%, n = 133) and distal metaphyseal humerus (48.1%, n = 25). Regression analysis indicated significantly increased healing rates for patients of younger ages (p = 0.001) and a fracture diastasis of less than 5 mm (p = 0.002). CONCLUSION The findings of this study indicate that ESWT can be considered as a treatment option for a well-selected patient population despite the lower healing rates compared to other anatomical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Falko Dahm
- AUVA Trauma Center Meidling, Kundratstr. 37, 1120, Vienna, Austria. .,Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto Orthopaedics Sports Medicine, Toronto, Canada.
| | - Xaver Feichtinger
- AUVA Trauma Center Meidling, Kundratstr. 37, 1120, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Nicolas Haffner
- Department for Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Krankenhaus Nord-Klinik Floridsdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Schaden
- AUVA Trauma Center Meidling, Kundratstr. 37, 1120, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Fialka
- AUVA Trauma Center Meidling, Kundratstr. 37, 1120, Vienna, Austria.,Medical Faculty, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria
| | - Rainer Mittermayr
- AUVA Trauma Center Meidling, Kundratstr. 37, 1120, Vienna, Austria.,Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Vienna, Austria.,Austrian Cluster for Tissue Regeneration, Vienna, Austria
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12
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Attala D, Primavera M, Di Marcantonio A, Broccolo L, Oliverio FP, Zoccali C, Baldi J, Biagini R. The role of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) technique for treating 3- and 4-part proximal humerus fractures in the elderly - a case study. ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2021; 92:e2021251. [PMID: 34487103 PMCID: PMC8477078 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v92i4.9985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background and aim of the work: Proximal humeral fractures incidence in the elderly population is increasing. Treatment management is complicated by fracture complexity and patients’ comorbidities. The aim of our prospective study is the outcome evaluation of the role of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) for elderly patients with a 3- or 4-parts proximal humeral fractures having an intact medial wall. Methods: N=45 patients were selected using inclusion criteria (>75yo, unilateral 3- or 4-parts proximal humeral fracture and with a surgical indication). We analyzed n=42 fractures treated with MIPO (3 patients had been reversed to ORIF and arthroplasty intraoperatively): n=20 4-parts fractures and n=22 were 3-parts. Of the 42 operated patients 17 identified as male and 25 as female (mean age 84yo). A trans-deltoid approach has been used with minimal surgical exposure and tissue damage to preserve the local tissue for early shoulder mobilization. Results: At follow-up, the DASH recorded mean value was 72, while the Constant mean score was 68. Complications have been recorded in 23,8% of patients with 4-parts fractures having the highest complication frequency. Mean shoulder joint ROM was recorded: anterior elevation 75°, lateral elevation 80°, abduction 90°, intra-rotation 50°, extra-rotation 25°. The following factors were identified influencing the outcome: >8mm calcar fragment, head valgus impaction and periosteal medial hinge preservation. Conclusions: The increase in population longevity matches the increase in complex humeral fracture frequency. We strongly for management consensus for proximal humerus fracture, in a similar way as for neck femoral fractures. MIPO is excellent in reducing soft tissue damage and complications for elderly patients with limited functional demand. (www.actabiomedica.it)
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Attala
- Oncological Orthopaedics Department, Muscular-skeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, Italy..
| | - Matteo Primavera
- Oncological Orthopaedics Department, Muscular-skeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, Italy..
| | - Arianna Di Marcantonio
- Oncological Orthopaedics Department, Muscular-skeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, Italy..
| | - Loris Broccolo
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Ospedale Civile di Crotone, Via Bologna, 88900 Crotone, Italy..
| | - Francesco Pio Oliverio
- Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatology, Ospedale Civile di Crotone, Via Bologna, 88900 Crotone, Italy.
| | - Carmine Zoccali
- Oncological Orthopaedics Department, Muscular-skeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, Italy..
| | - Jacopo Baldi
- Oncological Orthopaedics Department, Muscular-skeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, Italy..
| | - Roberto Biagini
- Oncological Orthopaedics Department, Muscular-skeletal Tissue Bank, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, Rome, Italy..
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Konda SR, Johnson JR, Dedhia N, Kelly EA, Egol KA. Can We Stratify Quality and Cost for Older Patients With Proximal and Midshaft Humerus Fractures? Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil 2021; 12:2151459321992742. [PMID: 33680532 PMCID: PMC7900848 DOI: 10.1177/2151459321992742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This study sought to investigate whether a validated trauma triage tool can
stratify hospital quality measures and inpatient cost for middle-aged and
geriatric trauma patients with isolated proximal and midshaft humerus
fractures. Materials and Methods: Patients aged 55 and older who sustained a proximal or midshaft humerus
fracture and required inpatient treatment were included. Patient
demographic, comorbidity, and injury severity information was used to
calculate each patient’s Score for Trauma Triage in the Geriatric and
Middle-Aged (STTGMA). Based on scores, patients were stratified to create
minimal, low, moderate, and high risk groups. Outcomes included length of
stay, complications, operative management, ICU/SDU-level care, discharge
disposition, unplanned readmission, and index admission costs. Results: Seventy-four patients with 74 humerus fractures met final inclusion criteria.
Fifty-eight (78.4%) patients presented with proximal humerus and 16 (21.6%)
with midshaft humerus fractures. Mean length of stay was 5.5 ± 3.4 days with
a significant difference among risk groups (P = 0.029). Lower risk patients
were more likely to undergo surgical management (P = 0.015) while higher
risk patients required more ICU/SDU-level care (P < 0.001). Twenty-six
(70.3%) minimal risk patients were discharged home compared to zero high
risk patients (P = 0.001). Higher risk patients experienced higher total
inpatient costs across operative and nonoperative treatment groups. Conclusion: The STTGMA tool is able to reliably predict hospital quality measures and
cost outcomes that may allow hospitals and providers to improve value-based
care and clinical decision-making for patients presenting with proximal and
midshaft humerus fractures. Level of Evidence: Prognostic Level III.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjit R Konda
- NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, Queens, NY, USA
| | - Joseph R Johnson
- NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Nicket Dedhia
- NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erin A Kelly
- NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kenneth A Egol
- NYU Langone Orthopedic Hospital, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.,Jamaica Hospital Medical Center, Queens, NY, USA
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Maluta T, Amarossi A, De Masi M, Dorigotti A, Ricci M, Vecchini E, Negri S, Samaila EM, Magnan B. Could direct transdeltoid approach to severely displaced proximal humerus fracture be advantageous for a better reduction? ACTA BIO-MEDICA : ATENEI PARMENSIS 2021; 92:e2021580. [PMID: 35604252 PMCID: PMC9437676 DOI: 10.23750/abm.v92is3.12583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgical treatment of proximal humeral fractures (PHF) is a challenge for orthopaedic surgeons. Despite the wide application of open reduction and internal fixation with locking plates, the optimal surgical approach of PHF is still debated. This study aims to evaluate the radiological outcomes, defined as anatomical restoration of the greater tuberosity and humeral head-shaft angle, of the deltopectoral (DPA) and the lateral transdeltoid (LTA) approaches in three- and four-part PHF, treated with locking plate. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective series review identifies 74 PHF surgically treated between January 2012 and December 2019. Patients were divided into two groups according to the surgical approach (DPA vs LTA). Demographic data, duration of surgery, radiological pre- and post-surgery parameters (greater tuberosity displacement and humeral head-shaft angle) were collected. The association between the surgical approach and the quality of fractures reduction was assessed. RESULTS The use of LTA approach correlates with a better reduction of greater tuberosity displacements compare to DPA (63% in DPA vs 100% LTA). No significant association was found with the humeral head-shaft angle (restored in 89% of the patients in DPA and 86% in LTA group), and surgical times (range 40 - 210 minutes ± DS 33,56 for the DPA; range 45 - 170 minutes ± 29,60 for LTA). CONCLUSIONS The results of this radiological study suggest that PHF with significant displacement of the grater tuberosity could benefit from the adoption of a lateral transdeltoid approach for the ORIF procedure. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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15
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Althoff AD, Ignozzi AJ, Bell JE, Werner BC. Pre-operative Hypoalbuminemia Is Associated with Complications Following Proximal Humerus Fracture Surgery: An Analysis of 919 Patients. HSS J 2020; 16:436-442. [PMID: 33380978 PMCID: PMC7749917 DOI: 10.1007/s11420-020-09804-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Proximal humerus fractures are among the most common presenting fractures to orthopedic surgeons in the USA. Hypoalbuminemia is accepted as a nutrition marker associated with post-operative complications following common orthopedic interventions. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES Thus, the authors sought to (1) describe the national demographic trends of patients undergoing surgical fixation for proximal humerus fracture and (2) investigate the association between pre-operative hypoalbuminemia, a malnutrition marker, and post-operative complications within 1 year of surgical intervention. METHODS The PearlDiver Humana Claims Database was queried to identify a nationally representative cohort of patients who underwent surgical intervention for proximal humerus fractures from 2008 to 2015. Demographic and comorbid characteristics were collected. Pearson's χ-squared analysis was used to compare rates of 90-day and 1-year outcomes between hypoalbuminemia (albumin ≤ 3.5 mg/dL) and control groups. Multivariate logistic regression was then used to determine the isolated effect that hypoalbuminemia had on post-operative outcomes. RESULTS Of the 3337 patients identified, 919 (27.5%) had available serum albumin data. Seventy (7.6%) patients had hypoalbuminemia. Hypoalbuminemia was more likely to be associated with post-operative sepsis (7.1% vs. 1.5%, respectively) and pneumonia (15.7% vs. 4.6) compared with controls. Additionally, hypoalbuminemia was associated with increased 90-day rates of discharge to extended care (4.3% vs. 0.8), emergency room visits (38.6% vs. 21.7), and total cost ($24,051.96 ± 24,972.74 vs. $15,429.74 ± 24,492.30). CONCLUSION Our study suggests hypoalbuminemia is associated with an increased risk of complications, specifically pneumonia and sepsis, and total health care costs in patients undergoing surgery for proximal humerus fractures. These findings provide insight for individualized patient care that will aid in evaluating the potential risk of surgical complications in an effort to improve outcomes and reduce costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa D. Althoff
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA
| | - Anthony J. Ignozzi
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA
| | - Joshua E. Bell
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA
| | - Brian C. Werner
- grid.27755.320000 0000 9136 933XDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA
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16
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The shoulder girdle is a chain of bones and joints which connect the upper extremity to the axial skeleton. The shoulder as a biomechanical unit has a remarkable range of motion and is therefore frequently prone to injuries of the three major joints (sternoclavicular joint, acromioclavicular joint, glenohumeral joint) and the bony elements (clavicle, scapula, humerus). Projection radiography is still the first imaging modality for injuries of the shoulder and usually sufficient for initial diagnosis and injury classification. Computed tomography (including 3D reconstructions) and magnetic resonance imaging provide additional useful information for the detection of accompanying soft-tissue injury, for surgical planning and in cases of complex anatomy (e.g., scapular fractures). PURPOSE We aim to describe the fundamentals of injuries of the shoulder girdle and the proximal humerus with special emphasis on radiological diagnostics. MATERIALS AND METHODS A selective PubMed literature search was performed using the following terms: "sternoclavicular joint dislocation", "clavicle fracture", "acromioclavicular joint injury", "scapular fracture", "shoulder dislocation", "proximal humerus fracture", and "shoulder girdle injuries". RESULTS The article describes the basics of the anatomy, the trauma mechanism and the epidemiology of the most common injuries of the shoulder girdle and the proximal humerus. Special emphasis is given to radiological diagnostics, including basic projection radiography and advanced cross-sectional imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian von Falck
- Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, 30625, Hannover, Deutschland.
| | - Nael Hawi
- Unfallchirurgische Klinik, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Deutschland
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17
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Dauwe J, Walters G, Van Eecke E, Vanhaecht K, Nijs S. Osteosynthesis of proximal humeral fractures: a 1-year analysis of failure in a Belgian level-1 trauma centre. Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2020; 47:1889-1893. [PMID: 32076785 DOI: 10.1007/s00068-020-01323-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Proximal humeral fractures are the third most common fractures affecting the elderly. Angular stable osteosynthesis has become indispensable in the operative treatment. However, surgical fixation remains challenging. The aim of this retrospective study was to analyse the failure rate after osteosynthesis of proximal humeral fractures over a year in a level-1 trauma centre. Furthermore, parameters that are presumed to be related to osteosynthesis failure will be investigated and discussed. METHODS After meeting the exclusion criteria, 134 patients were operatively treated with angular stable osteosynthesis between January 2017 and January 2018 at the University Hospitals of Leuven. RESULTS Circa 16% of the proximal humeral osteosyntheses failed. Our study showed that the most significant parameter for osteosynthesis failure was smoking. The odds of failure were significantly lower if treated by a shoulder surgeon compared to another trauma surgeon in the plate and nail group combined. CONCLUSION The management of proximal humeral fracture osteosynthesis remains a controversial subject. In this retrospective analysis, a failure rate of 15.7% was calculated. Smoking is a statistically significant parameter related to osteosynthesis failure. The subspecialty of the treating trauma surgeon affected the failure rate significantly. A lower failure rate was noted after osteosynthesis by a shoulder surgeon compared to another trauma surgeon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Dauwe
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Gregory Walters
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eduard Van Eecke
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kris Vanhaecht
- Leuven Institute for Healthcare Policy, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stefaan Nijs
- Department of Trauma Surgery, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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18
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Ziegler P, Maier S, Stöckle U, Gühring M, Stuby FM. The Treatment of Proximal Humerus Fracture Using Internal Fixation with Fixed-angle Plates. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 116:757-763. [PMID: 31775999 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2019.0757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implants made of various types of material can be used for the internal fixation of fractures. Carbon fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFR-PEEK) is a radiolucent material that may have advantageous handling properties compared with titanium implants. METHODS Seventy-six patients with proximal humerus fractures requiring surgery were randomized to receive a fixed-angle plate made out of either titanium or CFR- PEEK. To measure the functional outcome, the DASH score (Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand; primary endpoint), the Simple Shoulder Test (SST), and the Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS) were determined in 63 patients at 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 6 months after surgery, accompanied at each time point by radiological evaluation. RESULTS Both groups displayed improvement in DASH scores 6 months after surgery (CFR-PEEK: 27.5 ± 20.5; titanium: 28.5 ± 17.9; p = 0.82). Sensitivity analysis with multiple imputations confirmed this result (27.4 ± 19.2 versus 28.5 ± 16.6). The OSS and SST scores were likewise improved in both groups. All patients displayed full bony consolidation 12 weeks after surgery. In no case was material failure, secondary dislocation, or screw perforation seen. No difference was seen in the maintenance of postoperative reposition between the CFR-PEEK group and the titanium group. CONCLUSION The internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures with either CFR-PEEK or titanium led to clinical improvement 6 months after surgery. No clinical or radiological difference in outcomes was seen between the two groups. Because of the study design, however, the equivalence of the two interventions was not con- clusively demonstrated; a non-inferiority study would have been needed for this purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Ziegler
- BG Hospital Tübingen, University Clinic for Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Tübingen, Germany; Center for Musculoskeletal Surgery, Charité University Medical Center Berlin, Germany; Center for Bone and Joint Surgery, Kronprinzenbau Hospital, Reutlingen, Germany; BG Hospital Murnau, Murnau, Germany
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19
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刘 冰, 杨 钟, 周 方, 姬 洪, 张 志, 郭 琰, 田 耘. [Application of the modified internal fixation method of minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis in treatment of proximal humeral fracture]. BEIJING DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF PEKING UNIVERSITY. HEALTH SCIENCES 2019; 51:277-282. [PMID: 30996368 PMCID: PMC7441216 DOI: 10.19723/j.issn.1671-167x.2019.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the clinical outcomes and characteristics of fracture healing of a modified internal fixation method, which was implemented by placing four and two screws respectively at the proximal and distal end of the locking plate in the minimally invasive percutaneous plate osteosynthesis (MIPPO) for patients with proximal humeral fractures. METHODS Patients in Peking University Third Hospital from February 2010 to December 2016 were brought into this retrospective study. Based on different operation methods, they were divided into minimally invasive (MI) group and non-minimally invasive (non-MI) group, and the patients in MI group were performed with the modified internal fixation. In order to observe the varying efficacy for different fracture types between the two groups, we further investigated the patients with Neer two-part and three-part fracture, respectively. The follow-up parameters included general physical examination, X-ray, visual analogue scale (VAS) and Constant-Murley score. RESULTS A total of 117 patients with an average age of (61.5±16.2) years met the inclusion criteria, and MI group included 45 patients, non-MI group included 72 patients. According to the Neer classification, there were 46 cases of two-part fracture, 63 cases of three-part fracture and 8 cases of four-part fracture. In MI group, there were 17 males and 28 males with an average age of (62.2±17.1) years, including 18 cases of two-part fracture, 23 cases of three-part fracture and 4 cases of four-part fracture. In non-MI group, there were 27 males and 45 females with an average age of (60.1±17.7) years, including 28 cases of two-part fracture, 40 cases of three-part fracture and 4 cases of four-part fracture. There were no significant differences between the two groups in terms of gender (P=0.975), age (P=0.545) and fracture type (P=0.756). The average hospital-stay in MI group and non-MI group was (2.8±1.1) days and (4.3±1.3) days (P=0.023), the operation time was (67.8±14.9) min and (102.3±34.1) min (P<0.001), the blood loss was (21.3±6.5) mL and (181.5±55.6) mL (P<0.001), the Constant-Murley score was 6.1±0.9 and 6.5±0.8 (P=0.032) one week after surgery, and the Constant-Murley score was 66.1±4.3 and 63.4±4.9 (P=0.006) three months after surgery, MI group had significant advantages in these aspects. In terms of Neer two-part and three-part fracture, the VAS score (5.9±0.8) one week postoperatively and the Constant-Murley score (66.6±3.7) three months postoperatively were significantly superior in MI group (P<0.05). In MI group, delayed fracture healing occurred in 1 case (2.2%) and abduction was restricted in 1 case (2.2%). In non-MI group, delayed fracture healing occurred in 3 cases (4.2%) and abduction was restricted in 2 cases (2.8%). There were no internal fixation complications and humeral head necrosis in both groups. CONCLUSION Applying the modified internal fixation in MIPPO to cure proximal humeral fractures is effective clinically with thick callus formation occurring at the fracture site. The fracture can achieve normal healing and the shoulder functions can restore well, indicating the modified surgical method is a good treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- 冰川 刘
- />北京大学第三医院骨科,北京 100191Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 钟玮 杨
- />北京大学第三医院骨科,北京 100191Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 方 周
- />北京大学第三医院骨科,北京 100191Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 洪全 姬
- />北京大学第三医院骨科,北京 100191Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 志山 张
- />北京大学第三医院骨科,北京 100191Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 琰 郭
- />北京大学第三医院骨科,北京 100191Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - 耘 田
- />北京大学第三医院骨科,北京 100191Department of Orthopedics, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
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Nelson G, Brown C, Liu RW. No incidence of glenohumeral joint dislocation in a review of 220 paediatric proximal humerus fractures. J Child Orthop 2018; 12:493-496. [PMID: 30294374 PMCID: PMC6169566 DOI: 10.1302/1863-2548.12.180075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Proximal humerus fractures in adults are approached with a high suspicion for potential associated glenohumeral dislocation. Axillary views of the shoulder can be painful and possibly even lead to dynamic angulation of the proximal humerus fracture. The incidence of associated glenohumeral dislocation in the paediatric population is unclear and it would be useful to determine whether children with proximal humerus fracture require specific axillary view imaging to rule out dislocation. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 220 proximal humerus fractures in 218 total children. Imaging and follow-up clinic notes were reviewed for potential glenohumeral dislocation. RESULTS Average patient age was 9.8 years SD 3.8 with 55% of the patients male and a wide variety of mechanisms of injury. None of the 220 fractures evaluated showed radiographic evidence of a shoulder dislocation, and all 218 children had a follow-up appointment at least 21 days after the injury without any clinical concern of a missed shoulder dislocation. CONCLUSION No paediatric patients presenting with proximal humerus fractures had a corresponding glenohumeral joint dislocation in our relatively large series. We recommend obtaining this additional imaging only in cases with higher energy mechanisms, if there is suspicion of subluxation or dislocation on anteroposterior and scapular-Y views or if there is clinical concern. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III Diagnostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Nelson
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - C. Brown
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - R. W. Liu
- Division of Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, USA, Correspondence should be sent to R. W. Liu, Division of Pediatric Orthopedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Rainbow Babies and Children’s Hospital, 11100 Euclid Avenue, RBC 6081, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States. E-mail:
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Ge W, Sun Q, Li G, Lu G, Cai M, Li S. Efficacy comparison of intramedullary nails, locking plates and conservative treatment for displaced proximal humeral fractures in the elderly. Clin Interv Aging 2017; 12:2047-2054. [PMID: 29238180 PMCID: PMC5713686 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s144084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The incidence of proximal humeral fractures is high in the elderly, and the superior management of these fractures remains a controversy. The study aims to compare clinical outcomes of intramedullary nails, locking plates and conservative treatment for the management of displaced proximal humeral fractures in the elderly. Patients and methods In this prospective study, a total of 198 patients with 2- or 3-part proximal humeral fractures who received fixation of locking plates or intramedullary nails or conservative treatment were included. The primary outcome was the 24-month Constant-Murley score. The secondary outcomes included the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) scores, the visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, shoulder range of motion and complication rate. Results There were no statistically significant differences in the Constant-Murley scores and ASES scores among the plate group, the nail group and the conservative group for 2-part fractures. For 3-part fractures, Constant-Murley scores and ASES scores were lower in the conservative group compared with those in the plate group and the nail group. Besides, the conservative group showed a significantly lower external rotation during follow-ups. The complication rate was comparable among the plate group, the nail group and the conservative group for both 2-part and 3-part fractures. Conclusion Similar satisfactory functional outcomes can be achieved with the locking plates, intramedullary nails or conservative treatment for 2-part proximal humeral fractures in the elderly. The advantages in functional outcomes favor locking plates and intramedullary nails in the management of 3-part proximal humeral fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ge
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Gen Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghua Lu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - ShaoHua Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Sun Q, Ge W, Li G, Wu J, Lu G, Cai M, Li S. Locking plates versus intramedullary nails in the management of displaced proximal humeral fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2017; 42:641-650. [PMID: 29119298 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-017-3683-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the clinical outcome and complications of locking plates versus intramedullary nails in patients with displaced proximal humeral fractures. Our hypothesis was that there would be no difference between these two implants with regard to clinical outcome and complications. METHODS We performed a systemic review of PubMed, EMBASE, Clinical Trials Registry, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Google Scholar to identify all relevant randomized controlled trials, prospective and retrospective comparative studies on April 26, 2017. The studies of locking plates compared to intramedullary nails in patients with displaced proximal humeral fractures were included. We conducted a meta-analysis of shoulder functional scores, range of motion, pain scores, and complications. RESULTS This meta-analysis included 13 comparative studies with 958 patients (529 in the locking plate group and 429 in the intramedullary nail group). A significantly greater external rotation (MD = 9.67; 95% CI, 4.22-15.12; P = 0.0005) and a significantly higher penetration rate (RR = 1.75; 95% CI, 1.11-2.77; P = 0.02) were observed in the locking plate group compared with the intramedullary nail group. Constant-Murley scores, DASH scores and total complication rate were comparable between the two groups. Moreover, there were no significant differences in forward elevation, VAS scores, and other complications. CONCLUSIONS Current evidence indicates that locking plates and intramedullary nails have similar performance in terms of the functional scores and total complication rate. No superior treatment was suggested between locking plates and intramedullary nails for displaced proximal humeral fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Sun
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Wei Ge
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Gen Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Jiezhou Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Guanghua Lu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Ming Cai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200072, China.
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Katthagen JC, Huber M, Grabowski S, Ellwein A, Jensen G, Lill H. Failure and revision rates of proximal humeral fracture treatment with the use of a standardized treatment algorithm at a level-1 trauma center. J Orthop Traumatol 2017; 18:265-274. [PMID: 28421293 PMCID: PMC5585092 DOI: 10.1007/s10195-017-0457-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aims of this study were to evaluate treatment failure and revision rates of proximal humeral fracture (PHF) treatment with a standardized treatment algorithm within the reality of a level-1 trauma center and to identify predictors of subsequent surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS The medical database of a level-1 trauma center was screened for all primary treatments of PHFs between January 2009 and June 2012. Medical records and imaging were analyzed to identify the fracture morphology, pre-existing diseases, revision surgeries and treatment failures (conversion to another treatment). The patients were asked about subsequent surgeries by phone. A functional outcome questionnaire was mailed to participating patients. RESULTS Follow-up data were available for 423 of 521 patients (312 females, 111 males). The mean age at the time of primary treatment was 68.3 years; mean follow-up was 24.6 ± 12.3 months. The overall rate of mandatory re-operations was 15.6%, including a failure rate of 8.3%; another 7.6% of patients had additional arthroscopic surgeries. Treatment with anatomic hemi-prostheses was associated with the highest re-operation rates, and lowest outcomes. Involvement of the medial calcar region, complex fracture morphologies, cigarette smoking and alcohol-abuse were predictors for subsequent surgery. Patients without subsequent surgery had significantly higher functional outcome scores than patients with additional surgery. CONCLUSIONS With the use of a standardized treatment algorithm no treatment modality was at significantly higher risk for having additional surgery. Complex fracture types, involvement of the medial calcar, cigarette-smoking and alcohol-abuse were associated with subsequent surgeries. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level IV case series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Christoph Katthagen
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, DIAKOVERE Friederikenstift gGmbH, Humboldtstr. 5, 30169, Hannover, Germany.
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert-Schweizer-Campus 1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Meret Huber
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, DIAKOVERE Friederikenstift gGmbH, Humboldtstr. 5, 30169, Hannover, Germany
| | - Svenja Grabowski
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, DIAKOVERE Friederikenstift gGmbH, Humboldtstr. 5, 30169, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Ellwein
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, DIAKOVERE Friederikenstift gGmbH, Humboldtstr. 5, 30169, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gunnar Jensen
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, DIAKOVERE Friederikenstift gGmbH, Humboldtstr. 5, 30169, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helmut Lill
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, DIAKOVERE Friederikenstift gGmbH, Humboldtstr. 5, 30169, Hannover, Germany
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Patterson DC, Shin JI, Andelman SM, Olujimi V, Parsons BO. Increased risk of 30-day postoperative complications for diabetic patients following open reduction-internal fixation of proximal humerus fractures: an analysis of 1391 patients from the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. JSES OPEN ACCESS 2017; 1:19-24. [PMID: 30675534 PMCID: PMC6340826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jses.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Prior database studies have shown that complication rates following surgical treatment of proximal humerus fractures are low. However, diabetes has been shown across orthopedics to have significantly increased risks of postoperative complications. The purpose of our study was to identify complications for which diabetic patients are at increased risk following operative treatment of proximal humerus fractures. Methods The National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from 2005 to 2014 identified patients >18 years undergoing open reduction-internal fixation for proximal humerus fractures. Patients with incomplete perioperative data were excluded. Patients with non–insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) were compared with nondiabetic patients using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Odds ratio (OR) was calculated with a 95% confidence interval, and the significance level was held at P < .05. Results There were 1391 patients identified; 1147 (82%) were not diabetic, 91 (7%) had IDDM, and 153 (11%) had NIDDM. Of these, 39.68% (550) were obese (body mass index >30.0). Hypertension, dyspnea, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were the most frequent concurrent patient factors in diabetic patients. Postoperatively, patients with diabetes had a statistically significant higher risk of pneumonia (OR, 217.80; P = .002) and length of stay >4 days (OR, 2.05; P = .010). Among diabetics, non–insulin-dependent diabetics had a greater risk of sepsis (OR, 25.84; P = .022) and pneumonia (OR, 12.19; P = .013) than insulin-dependent diabetics. Conclusion Both NIDDM and IDDM were associated with a number of adverse postoperative events. Importantly, NIDDM was found to be an independent risk factor for postoperative sepsis and pneumonia, whereas IDDM was identified as an independent risk factor for pneumonia and prolonged length of stay (≥4 days).
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana C Patterson
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - John I Shin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Steven M Andelman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Victor Olujimi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bradford O Parsons
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, USA
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Goch AM, Christiano A, Konda SR, Leucht P, Egol KA. Operative repair of proximal humerus fractures in septuagenarians and octogenarians: Does chronologic age matter? J Clin Orthop Trauma 2017; 8:50-53. [PMID: 28360497 PMCID: PMC5359506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcot.2017.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With an expected doubling of the geriatric population within the next thirty years it is becoming increasingly important to determine who among the elderly population benefit from orthopaedic interventions. This study assesses post-operative outcomes in patients aged seventy or greater who sustained a proximal humerus fracture and were treated surgically as compared to a younger geriatric cohort to determine if there is a chronologic age after which post-operative outcomes significantly decline. METHODS A retrospective chart review was conducted for 201 patients who sustained fractures of the proximal humerus (OTA 11A-C) and were treated operatively by open reduction and internal fixation. Data from 132 independent, active patients aged fifty-five or older was identified and analyzed. Forty-seven patients age 70 or older were compared to 78 patients aged 55-69. Average length of follow-up was 19.5 months. All complications were recorded. Univariate and multivariate analysis was conducted to assess for differences between groups. RESULTS 95% of patients achieved fracture union within 6 months. No significant differences were found between cohorts with regard to gender, fracture severity, or CCI (p = 0.197, p = 0.276, p = 0.084, respectively). Functional outcome scores, shoulder range of motion, and complications rates for patients aged 70 and older were not significantly different from patients aged 55-69. There were 10 complications in the older elderly cohort (21%), 6 of which required re-operation and 13 complications in the young elderly cohort (17%), 8 of which required re-operation. CONCLUSIONS Operative fracture repair using locked plating of the proximal humerus in septuagenarians and octogenarians can provide for excellent long-term outcomes in appropriately selected patients. These patients tend to have long term functional outcome scores, post-operative range of motion, and complication rates that are comparable to younger geriatric patients. Physicians should not exclude patients for repair of proximal humerus fractures based on chronological age cutoffs.
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Katthagen JC, Ellwein A, Lutz O, Voigt C, Lill H. Outcomes of proximal humeral fracture fixation with locked CFR-PEEK plating. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY AND TRAUMATOLOGY 2016; 27:351-358. [PMID: 27915444 DOI: 10.1007/s00590-016-1891-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the outcomes of proximal humeral fracture (PHF) fixation with a novel carbon-fiber-reinforced (CFR)-PEEK plate and to compare results with outcomes after conventional locked titanium plating. METHODS Twenty-one patients (7 male, 14 female) with operative treatment of unilateral displaced PHFs (mean age, 66.8 ± 9.9 years) with a novel CRF-PEEK plate were prospectively enrolled. Patients were followed up clinically (Constant Score, Simple Shoulder Test and Simple Shoulder Value) and radiologically 3 months postoperative and again clinically 12 months postoperative. Implant-related complications were evaluated after 3 and 12 months. Results at 1-year follow-up were compared with results of 21 patients (7 male, 14 female; mean age, 67.4 ± 9.7 years) with conventional titanium locked plating by matched case-control analysis. RESULTS All functional outcomes improved after CFR-PEEK plating (p < 0.05). Twelve months postoperatively, the mean age- and gender-related Constant Score was 99.8 ± 21.2%. All fractures healed by the 3-month follow-up without evidence of secondary screw perforation, fragment displacement or loss of fixation. There were no significant differences between the functional outcomes of patients with the CF-PEEK plate and patients with locked titanium plating (p > 0.05). Patients with locked titanium plating were significantly more likely to require revision surgery related to articular screw perforations (p = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS Fracture fixation of displaced PHFs with a novel CFR-PEEK plate resulted in good to excellent 1-year functional outcomes which were similar to outcomes of conventional locked titanium plating. The stiffer locked titanium plating was associated with a higher risk of articular screw perforations than the more elastic CFR-PEEK plate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Christoph Katthagen
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, DIAKOVERE Friederikenstift gGmbH, Humboldtstr. 5, 30169, Hannover, Germany. .,Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert-Schweizer-Str. 1, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Alexander Ellwein
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, DIAKOVERE Friederikenstift gGmbH, Humboldtstr. 5, 30169, Hannover, Germany
| | - Olga Lutz
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, DIAKOVERE Friederikenstift gGmbH, Humboldtstr. 5, 30169, Hannover, Germany
| | - Christine Voigt
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, DIAKOVERE Friederikenstift gGmbH, Humboldtstr. 5, 30169, Hannover, Germany
| | - Helmut Lill
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, DIAKOVERE Friederikenstift gGmbH, Humboldtstr. 5, 30169, Hannover, Germany
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Rabi S, Evaniew N, Sprague SA, Bhandari M, Slobogean GP. Operative vs non-operative management of displaced proximal humeral fractures in the elderly: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. World J Orthop 2015; 6:838-46. [PMID: 26601066 PMCID: PMC4644872 DOI: 10.5312/wjo.v6.i10.838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 09/25/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing operative vs non-operative treatment of displaced proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using EMBASE and MEDLINE through the OVID interface, CINAHL, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Proquest, Web of Science, SAE digital library, and Transportation Research Board's TRID database. Searches of conference proceedings were also conducted. All available randomized controlled trials comparing operative vs non-operative management of displaced three- and four-part proximal humerus fractures in elderly patients were included. The primary outcomes measures included physical function, pain, health related quality of life, mortality, and the re-operation rate. RESULTS Six randomized controlled trials (n = 287) were included. There was no statistically significant difference in function (MD = 1.72, 95%CI: -2.90-6.34, P = 0.47), as measured by the Constant score, between the operative and the non-operative treatment groups. There was no statistically significance difference in secondary outcomes of health related quality of life (standardized MD = 0.27, 95%CI: -0.05-0.59, P = 0.09), and mortality (relative risk 1.29, 95%CI: 0.50- 3.35, P = 0.60). Operative treatment had a statistically significant higher re-operation rate (relative risk 4.09, 95%CI: 1.50-11.15, P = 0.006), and statistically significant decreased pain (MD = 1.26, 95%CI: 0.02- 2.49, P = 0.05). CONCLUSION There is moderate quality evidence to suggest that there is no difference in functional outcomes between the two treatments. Further high quality randomized controlled trials are required to determine if certain subgroup populations benefit from surgical management.
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Chen H, Ji X, Zhang Q, Liang X, Tang P. Clinical outcomes of allograft with locking compression plates for elderly four-part proximal humerus fractures. J Orthop Surg Res 2015. [PMID: 26195025 PMCID: PMC4509847 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-015-0258-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study is to explore the clinical outcomes of anatomical allograft or fibula shaft augmentation with locking compression plates (LCPs) in elderly patients with four-part proximal humeral fracture (PHF). Methods A total of 22 elderly patients with four-part PHF underwent allograft augmentation with LCPs for treatment. Among them, 7 cases received anatomical allograft and 15 patients received fibula shaft. Constant-Murley score (CMS), the disability of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) score, and subjective ratings, radiographic imaging, range of motion (ROM), and complications were recorded as postoperative evaluations. Results Although the ROM and strength were considerably limited compared with the normal side, there were no significant differences in pain and daily activity between the unaffected and affected sides at the last follow-up according to the CMS. Additionally, no significant differences were found in the subjective ratings and CMS and DASH scores between the patients augmented with fibular shaft and anatomical allograft. Among the 15 patients who received fibular shaft, one case developed avascular necrosis (AVN) and screw cutout, but satisfactory outcomes were obtained after removal of implant. Besides, varus displacement occurred in one case, the patient acquired good function without revision. There were no infection, bone nonunion, and hardware-related complications occurred in any case. Conclusions Both anatomical allograft and fibula shaft with LCPs showed relatively good clinical outcomes for elderly patients with four-part PHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Chen
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), 28 Fuxing Road, Wukesong, Beijing, 100000, China.
| | - Xinran Ji
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), 28 Fuxing Road, Wukesong, Beijing, 100000, China.
| | - Qun Zhang
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), 28 Fuxing Road, Wukesong, Beijing, 100000, China.
| | - Xiangdang Liang
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), 28 Fuxing Road, Wukesong, Beijing, 100000, China.
| | - Peifu Tang
- The Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), 28 Fuxing Road, Wukesong, Beijing, 100000, China.
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Plate osteosynthesis versus hemiarthroplasty in proximal humerus fractures--does routine screening of systemic inflammatory biomarkers makes sense? Eur J Med Res 2015; 20:5. [PMID: 25585544 PMCID: PMC4307175 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-014-0079-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Increases in C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) counts after orthopedic surgical procedures can give evidence of postoperative infection. However, there is a lack of knowledge about the kinetics of these biomarkers in cases with an uneventful clinical course after osteosynthesis of upper limb fractures. This study investigated CRP and WBC serum levels after osteosynthesis or hemiarthroplasty of humeral head fractures. Methods A retrospective study on patients with humeral head fractures who had open reduction and internal fixation via plate osteosynthesis (PO) (n = 64) or hemiarthroplasty (HA) (n = 28) without any complications in the postoperative clinical course. C-reactive protein serum levels (mg/l) and leukocyte counts (g/l) were assayed at several time points. Multiple regression analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of several confounding variables (the surgical procedure, duration of surgery, patient’s health status, and comorbidities) on the kinetics of CRP and WBC. Results Our data showed that CRP levels were statistically significantly higher in the HA cohort when compared to the PO cohort (p = 0.003). Moreover, daily measurement of CRP levels during the postoperative course showed that CRP peaked on the 2nd and 3rd days postoperatively in both cohorts and started to decrease afterward, reaching normal values on day 8 to 10. However, WBCs did not show any significant differences between the HA and PO cohorts. Finally, the choice of surgical procedure and the patient’s health status were associated with higher peak levels of CRP. Conclusions After osteosynthesis or hemiarthroplasty of humeral head fractures, CRP is a responsive serum parameter in the postoperative course of an uneventful inflammatory response. Abnormalities from these values should be interpreted carefully as they may give a hint as to postoperative complications such as infection.
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