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Bringmann HC, Berghöfer A, Jeitler M, Michalsen A, Brunnhuber S, Haller H. Meditation-Based Lifestyle Modification in Mild-to-Moderate Depression: Outcomes and Moderation Effects of Spirituality. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY MEDICINE 2024; 30:532-542. [PMID: 38011739 DOI: 10.1089/jicm.2023.0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Understanding the relevance of religion or spirituality (R/S) in the treatment of mental disorders is central to clinical and academic psychiatry. In this secondary analysis, associations of R/S with depression were investigated with respect to a new second-generation mindfulness-based intervention, the Meditation-Based Lifestyle Modification (MBLM) program. Methods: Different aspects of spirituality, spiritual coping, and spiritual engagement were assessed in 81 patients with a diagnosis of mild-to-moderate depression. Treatment effects on R/S postscores and predictor and moderation effects of depression severity and stress change-scores were evaluated at 8 weeks (MBLM vs. CONTROL [drug continuation therapy] vs. TAU [inpatient treatment as usual]) and 6 months (TAU+MBLM vs. TAU). Results: At both time points, significant differences between MBLM versus TAU and CONTROL were found in a range of spiritual outcomes, most of them with a medium-to-large effect size and in favor of MBLM. Baseline interest in spirituality (p = 0.001) and baseline spiritual mind-body practice (p = 0.017) were identified as independent predictors of change in depression severity at 6 months. Moreover, moderation analyses found that patients reporting often/regular spiritual mind-body practice at 6 months did not benefit differently from TAU+MBLM versus TAU (p = 0.437) regarding their change in depression severity and stress, while those reporting no/seldom spiritual mind-body practice at 6 months benefited significantly worse from TAU than from TAU+MBLM (p = 0.002). Conclusions: Participation in the MBLM program resulted in significantly greater increases in spirituality in depressed patients than standard therapy. Interest in spirituality and engagement in spiritual mind-body practices at baseline were positive predictors of clinical outcome in both groups. Patients of any group who regularly performed spiritual mind-body practices benefited equally in terms of antidepressant outcomes, underlining the benefit of these practices within a general therapeutic framework. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03652220.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger C Bringmann
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany)
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Diakoniekliniken, Zschadrass, Germany
| | - Anne Berghöfer
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany)
| | - Michael Jeitler
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany)
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Michalsen
- Institute of Social Medicine, Epidemiology, and Health Economics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany (Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany)
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Brunnhuber
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics, and Psychotherapy, Diakoniekliniken, Zschadrass, Germany
| | - Heidemarie Haller
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Planetary Health, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
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Ströhle A, Bendau A, Augustin N, Esch AD, Große J, Kaminski J, Petzold MB, Plag J, Schmidt M, Schütte M, Strehle N, Wendt N. [Sports psychiatry and psychotherapy]. DER NERVENARZT 2022; 93:742-753. [PMID: 35781520 DOI: 10.1007/s00115-022-01342-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Sports psychiatry and psychotherapy is a relatively young field and is comprised of two key segments: the special features of the diagnostics and therapy of mental disorders in elite athletes and the use of exercise and sports in the development and treatment of mental disorders. Although all mental disorders can in principle also occur in (elite) athletes, there are additionally sport-specific mental disorders, such as anorexia athletica and other eating disorders, chronic traumatic encephalopathy, misuse of and dependency on performance-enhancing substances (doping) and muscle dysmorphia. Many high-quality clinical trials over the past two decades have been able to demonstrate a therapeutic efficacy of physical activity and sport in the treatment of various mental disorders. All clinicians active in psychiatry and psychotherapy should possess a basic knowledge of sports psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Ströhle
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland.
| | - Antonia Bendau
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
- HMU Health and Medical University Potsdam, Potsdam, Deutschland
| | - Noah Augustin
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Anna Dania Esch
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Julia Große
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Jan Kaminski
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
- Psychologisches Institut, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Köln, Deutschland
| | - Moritz Bruno Petzold
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Jens Plag
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik, Alexianer Krankenhaus Hedwigshöhe, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Maike Schmidt
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Martina Schütte
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
- Zentrum für praktische Sportpsychologie, Universität Potsdam, Potsdam, Deutschland
| | - Nicola Strehle
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Nora Wendt
- Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Charité Mitte, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Deutschland
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Petker T, Yanke C, Rahman L, Whalen L, Demaline K, Whitelaw K, Bang D, Holshausen K, Amlung M, MacKillop J. Naturalistic Evaluation of an Adjunctive Yoga Program for Women with Substance Use Disorders in Inpatient Treatment: Within-Treatment Effects on Cravings, Self-efficacy, Psychiatric Symptoms, Impulsivity, and Mindfulness. SUBSTANCE ABUSE-RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2021; 15:11782218211026651. [PMID: 34262285 PMCID: PMC8246483 DOI: 10.1177/11782218211026651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Addiction continues to be a major public health concern, and rates of relapse following currently-available treatments remain high. There is increasing interest in the adjunctive use of mindfulness-based interventions, such as yoga, to improve treatment outcomes. The current study was a preliminary naturalistic investigation of a novel trauma-informed yoga intervention in an inpatient treatment program for women with substance use disorder (SUD). Changes and differences in somatic symptoms, psychiatric symptoms, and psychological mechanisms were evaluated in women receiving treatment-as-usual (n = 36) and treatment-as-usual plus the yoga intervention (n = 42). For both groups, statistically significant within-subjects changes were present for somatic and psychiatric symptoms, cravings, self-efficacy, and multiple facets of impulsivity and mindfulness. Compared to standard treatment alone, participants in the treatment plus yoga condition significantly improved in range of motion and the Lack of Premeditation facet of impulsivity. Although most domains were not selectively affected, these initial within-treatment findings in this naturalistic evaluation suggest some promise for adjunctive yoga and a need for further evaluation, especially using larger samples and longer term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tashia Petker
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton ON, Canada
| | - Christine Yanke
- Womankind Addiction Services, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Liah Rahman
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton ON, Canada
| | - Laurel Whalen
- Womankind Addiction Services, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Karen Demaline
- Womankind Addiction Services, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Kari Whitelaw
- Womankind Addiction Services, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Debbie Bang
- Womankind Addiction Services, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | | | - Michael Amlung
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton ON, Canada
| | - James MacKillop
- Peter Boris Centre for Addictions Research, McMaster University/St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton ON, Canada.,Homewood Research Institute, Guelph, ON, Canada
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Rosendahl S, Sattel H, Lahmann C. Effectiveness of Body Psychotherapy. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:709798. [PMID: 34566712 PMCID: PMC8458738 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.709798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the growing relevance and applicability of elements based on and derived from the embodied mind paradigm, body psychotherapy (BPT) appears not to be a well-established treatment option. This might be due to a lack of proof for its efficacy. We searched electronic databases (Pubmed MEDLINE, PsycInfo, and PSYNDEX) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining predefined BPT interventions. A total of 2,180 references were screened, of which 113 studies were scrutinized in detail and 18 RCTs finally included. The observed effect size (ES) demonstrated medium effects of BPT on primary outcomes psychopathology and psychological distress. In case of significant statistical heterogeneity, exploratory subgroup analyses revealed diagnosis and the degree of control group activity as noteworthy moderators. For secondary outcomes, evidence was scarce, and an improvement could be demonstrated only for coping abilities. The identified evidence indicates that BPT is beneficial for a wide spectrum of psychic suffering. There is a strong need for high-quality studies with bigger samples and for well-defined diagnostic entities to underpin its effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Rosendahl
- Department of Pneumology and Respiratory Medicine, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heribert Sattel
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Claas Lahmann
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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Cramer H, Sellin C, Schumann D, Dobos G. Yoga in Arterial Hypertension. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 115:833-839. [PMID: 30722837 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2018.0833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yoga seems to exert its effect against arterial hypertension mainly through the associated breathing and meditation techniques, and less so through yoga postures. The goal of this trial was to compare the blood pressure-lowering effect of yoga interventions with and without yoga postures in patients with arterial hypertension. METHODS 75 patients taking medications for arterial hypertension (72% women, mean age 58.7 ± 9.5 years) were randomized into three groups: a yoga intervention group with yoga postures (25 patients, of whom 5 dropped out of the trial before its end), a yoga intervention group without yoga postures (25 patients, 3 dropouts), and a wait list control group (25 patients, one dropout). The interventions consisted of 90 minutes of yoga practice per week for twelve weeks. The data collectors, who were blinded to the intervention received, assessed the primary outcome measures "systolic 24-hour blood pressure" and "diastolic 24-hour blood pressure" before and after the intervention. In this report, we also present the findings on secondary outcome measures, including follow-up data. RESULTS After the intervention, the systolic 24-hour blood pressure in the yoga intervention group without yoga postures was significantly lower than in the control group (group difference [Δ]= -3.8 mmHg; [95% confidence interval (CI): (-0.3; -7.4) p = 0.035]); it was also significantly lower than in the yoga intervention group with yoga postures (Δ = -3.2 mmHg; 95% CI: [-6.3; -0.8]; p = 0.045). Diastolic blood pressures did not differ significantly across groups. No serious adverse events were encountered in the course of the trial. CONCLUSION In accordance with the findings of earlier studies, we found that only yoga without yoga postures induced a short-term lowering of ambulatory systolic blood pressure. Yoga is safe and effective in patients taking medications for arterial hypertension and thus can be recommended as an additional treatment option for persons in this category.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Cramer
- Department of Naturopathy and Integrative Medicine, Essen Central Hospitals, Faculty of Medicine,Duisburg-Essen University
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Sfendla A, Malmström P, Torstensson S, Kerekes N. Yoga Practice Reduces the Psychological Distress Levels of Prison Inmates. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:407. [PMID: 30233428 PMCID: PMC6129942 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Psychiatric ill-health is prevalent among prison inmates and often hampers their rehabilitation. Rehabilitation is crucial for reducing recidivistic offending. A few studies have presented evidence of the positive effect of yoga on the well-being of prison inmates. The conclusion of those previous studies that yoga is an effective method in the rehabilitation process of inmates, and deserves and requires further attention. Aims: The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of 10 weeks of yoga practice on the mental health profile, operationalized in the form of psychological distress, of inmates. Methods: One hundred and fifty-two volunteer participants (133 men; 19 women) were randomly placed in either of two groups: to participate in weekly 90-min yoga class (yoga group) or a weekly 90-min free-choice physical exercise (control group). The study period lasted for 10 weeks. Prior to and at the end of the study period the participants completed a battery of self-reported inventories, including the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Results: Physical activity (including yoga) significantly reduced the inmates' levels of psychological distress. Yoga practice improved all primary symptom dimensions and its positive effect on the obsessive-compulsive, paranoid ideation, and somatization symptom dimensions of the BSI stayed significant even when comparing with the control group. Conclusions: Yoga as a form of physical activity is effective for reducing psychological distress levels in prison inmates, with specific effect on symptoms such as suspicious and fearful thoughts about losing autonomy, memory problems, difficulty in making decisions, trouble concentrating, obsessive thought, and perception of bodily dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Sfendla
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Petter Malmström
- Department of Health Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden
| | - Sara Torstensson
- Department of Health Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden
| | - Nóra Kerekes
- Department of Health Sciences, University West, Trollhättan, Sweden
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Mocanu E, Mohr C, Pouyan N, Thuillard S, Dan-Glauser ES. Reasons, Years and Frequency of Yoga Practice: Effect on Emotion Response Reactivity. Front Hum Neurosci 2018; 12:264. [PMID: 30022932 PMCID: PMC6039555 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Yoga practice, even in the short term, is supposed to enhance wellbeing and counteract psychopathology through modification of emotion reactivity. Yoga teaches that emotional responses may be less pronounced with longer and more frequent practice, and potentially when people perform yoga for mental rather than physical reasons. We tested 36 yoga practitioners of varying experience (between 6 months and 11 years of practice). We assessed participants’ self-reported emotional experience and peripheral physiological reactions (heart rate, skin conductance, respiration) when seeing positive and negative pictures. Results were analyzed as a function of the years of, frequency of, and reasons for yoga practice. We found a heart rate increase with the degree participants performed yoga for mental reasons. In addition, years of yoga practice were significantly associated with reduced abdominal respiratory rate when facing negative pictures, speaking in favor of reduced arousal with yoga experience. Finally, regarding frequency of practice, a higher frequency in the last month was linked to less negative and positive experiences as well as a reduced abdominal respiratory amplitude when viewing positive pictures. Altogether, these results demonstrate that intense short-term yoga practice might relate to a (i) decrease in the intensity of self-reported emotional experiences and (ii) deepened respiration. Short-term effects might be shaped by what participants expect as practice benefits. However, several years of practice might be needed to decrease respiratory arousal in the face of negative situations, which likely is a manifestation of an evolution in the emotion regulation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Mocanu
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christine Mohr
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Niloufar Pouyan
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Simon Thuillard
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Stannat S. Making the Most of Yoga in the Individual Setting. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 113:661. [PMID: 27776626 PMCID: PMC5098029 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2016.0661a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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Cramer H, Sushila Thoms M, Anheyer D, Lauche R, Dobos G. Yoga in Women With Abdominal Obesityߞa Randomized Controlled Trial. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 113:645-652. [PMID: 27776622 PMCID: PMC5098025 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2016.0645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal obesity is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of yoga on waist circumference and other anthropometric and self-reported variables in women with abdominal obesity. METHODS 60 women with abdominal obesity (waist circumference ≥ 88 cm; body-mass index [BMI] ≥ 25) were randomly allocated in a 2:1 ratio to either a 12-week yoga intervention (n = 40) or a waiting list (n = 20). The waist circumference was the primary endpoint. Secondary (exploratory) endpoints included the waist/hip ratio, body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, body muscle mass percentage, blood pressure, health-related quality of life, self-esteem, subjective stress, body awareness, and body responsiveness, and the safety of the intervention. The persons assessing the outcomes were blinded to the group to which the patients belonged. RESULTS The patients in the yoga group participated in a mean of 30.2±9.2 (maximum, 42) hours of supervised yoga practice. Their abdominal circum - ference was significantly reduced in comparison to the participants on the waiting list, with an intergroup difference of -3.8 cm (95% confidence interval [-6.1; -1,.5]; p = 0.001). There were further, moderate intergroup differences in the waist/hip ratio, body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, body muscle mass percentage, mental and physical well-being, self-esteem, subjective stress, body awareness, and trust in bodily sensations (all p<0.05). There were no serious adverse events. None of the participants embarked on a low-calorie diet while participating in the study. CONCLUSION The 12-week yoga intervention had moderately strong positive effects on anthropometric and self-reported variables in women with abdominal obesity. Yoga is safe in this population and can be recommended as a technique for combating abdominal obesity in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Cramer
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, University Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), University of Technology Sydney, Australia
| | - Meral Sushila Thoms
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, University Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Dennis Anheyer
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, University Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Romy Lauche
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, University Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine (ARCCIM), University of Technology Sydney, Australia
| | - Gustav Dobos
- Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Kliniken Essen-Mitte, University Medicine, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Rosendahl J, Klatte R. In Reply. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 113:661-662. [PMID: 27776628 PMCID: PMC5098031 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2016.0661c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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K. Wolter D. Further Areas of Application. DEUTSCHES ARZTEBLATT INTERNATIONAL 2016; 113:661. [PMID: 27776627 PMCID: PMC5098030 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.2016.0661b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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