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Wang Y, Lv Y, Jiang X, Yu X, Wang D, Liu D, Liu X, Sun Y. Long non-coding RNA NORAD regulates megakaryocyte differentiation and proplatelet formation via the DUSP6/ERK signaling pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 715:150004. [PMID: 38678784 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Megakaryopoiesis and platelet production is a complex process that is underpotential regulation at multiple stages. Many long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are distributed in hematopoietic stem cells and platelets. lncRNAs may play important roles as key epigenetic regulators in megakaryocyte differentiation and proplatelet formation. lncRNA NORAD can affect cell ploidy by sequestering PUMILIO proteins, although its direct effect on megakaryocyte differentiation and thrombopoiesis is still unknown. In this study, we demonstrate NORAD RNA is highly expressed in the cytoplasm during megakaryocyte differentiation. Interestingly, we identified for the first time that NORAD has a strong inhibitory effect on megakaryocyte differentiation and proplatelet formation from cultured megakaryocytes. DUSP6/ERK1/2 pathway is activated in response to NORAD knockdown during megakaryocytopoiesis, which is achieved by sequestering PUM2 proteins. Finally, compared with the wild-type control mice, NORAD knockout mice show a faster platelet recovery after severe thrombocytopenia induced by 6 Gy total body irradiation. These findings demonstrate lncRNA NORAD has a key role in regulating megakaryocyte differentiation and thrombopoiesis, which provides a promising molecular target for the treatment of platelet-related diseases such as severe thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, China
| | - Yan Lv
- College of Life Science, Yantai University, China
| | - Xiaoli Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xin Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, China
| | - Delong Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, China
| | - Desheng Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, China
| | - Xiangyong Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, China
| | - Yeying Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, China.
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2
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Meng F, Chen S, Liu C, Khan MS, Yan Y, Wan J, Xia Y, Sun C, Yang M, Hu R, Dai K. The role of PKC in X-ray-induced megakaryocyte apoptosis and thrombocytopenia. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2024; 104:102798. [PMID: 37813040 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2023.102798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia is a critical complication after radiation therapy and exposure. Dysfunction of megakaryocyte development and platelet production are key pathophysiological stages in ionizing radiation (IR)-induced thrombocytopenia. Protein kinase C (PKC) plays an important role in regulating megakaryocyte development and platelet production. However, it remains unclear how PKC regulates IR-induced megakaryocyte apoptosis. In this study, we found that pretreatment of PKC pan-inhibitor Go6983 delayed IR-induced megakaryocyte apoptosis, and inhibited IR-induced mitochondrial membrane potential and ROS production in CMK cells. Moreover, suppressing PKC activation inhibited cleaved caspase3 expression and reduced p38 phosphorylation levels, and IR-induced PKC activation might be regulated by p53. In vivo experiments confirmed that Go6983 promoted platelet count recovery after 21 days of 3 Gy total body irradiation. Furthermore, Go6983 reduced megakaryocyte apoptosis, increased the number of megakaryocyte and polyploid formation in bone marrow, and improved the survival rate of 6 Gy total body irradiation. In conclusion, our results provided a potential therapeutic target for IR-induced thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanbi Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Shuang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Chunliang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Muhammad Shoaib Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Jun Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Yue Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Chenglin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Mengnan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Renping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China
| | - Kesheng Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Cyrus Tang Medical Institute, Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Suzhou 215000, China.
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3
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Sun Z, Cai Y, Chen Y, Jin Q, Zhang Z, Zhang L, Li Y, Huang L, Wang J, Yang Y, Lv Q, Han Z, Xie M, Zhu X. Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction promotes PDGF-primed bone mesenchymal stem cell transplantation for myocardial protection in acute Myocardial Infarction in rats. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:481. [PMID: 38102643 PMCID: PMC10725038 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02204-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) has emerged as a promising strategy for the targeted delivery of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to the ischemic myocardium. However, the limited migration capacity and poor survival of MSCs remains a major therapeutic barrier. The present study was performed to investigate the synergistic effect of UTMD with platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF-BB) on the homing of MSCs for acute myocardial infarction (AMI). METHODS MSCs from male donor rats were treated with PDGF-BB, and a novel microbubble formulation was prepared using a thin-film hydration method. In vivo, MSCs with or without PDGF-BB pretreatment were transplanted by UTMD after inducing AMI in experimental rats. The therapeutic efficacy of PDGF-BB-primed MSCs on myocardial apoptosis, angiogenesis, cardiac function and scar repair was estimated. The effects and molecular mechanisms of PDGF-BB on MSC migration and survival were explored in vitro. RESULTS The results showed that the biological effects of UTMD increased the local levels of stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1), which promoted the migration of transplanted MSCs to the ischemic region. Compared with UTMD alone, UTMD combined with PDGF-BB pretreatment significantly increased the cardiac homing of MSCs, which subsequently reduced myocardial apoptosis, promoted neovascularization and tissue repair, and increased cardiac function 30 days after MI. The vitro results demonstrated that PDGF-BB enhanced MSC migration and protected these cells from H2O2-induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, PDGF-BB pretreatment promoted MSC migration and inhibited H2O2-induced MSC apoptosis via activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine-threonine kinase (PI3K/Akt) pathway. Furthermore, crosstalk between PDGF-BB and stromal-derived factor-1/chemokine receptor 4 (SDF-1/CXCR4) is involved in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The present study demonstrated that UTMD combined with PDGF-BB treatment could enhance the homing ability of MSCs, thus alleviating AMI in rats. Therefore, UTMD combined with PDGF-BB pretreatment may offer exciting therapeutic opportunities for strengthening MSC therapy in ischemic diseases.
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Grants
- 81701716; 82230066, 81922033, 81727805, 82171961, 81801715, 81801716 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81701716; 82230066, 81922033, 81727805, 82171961, 81801715, 81801716 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81701716; 82230066, 81922033, 81727805, 82171961, 81801715, 81801716 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81701716; 82230066, 81922033, 81727805, 82171961, 81801715, 81801716 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 81701716; 82230066, 81922033, 81727805, 82171961, 81801715, 81801716 National Natural Science Foundation of China
- 2018CFB568 National Natural Science Foundation of Hubei
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenxing Sun
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031, China
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Cai
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Yihan Chen
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiaofeng Jin
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziming Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuman Li
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Yali Yang
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Qing Lv
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 430022, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhengyang Han
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 430022, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Mingxing Xie
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging, 430022, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xiangming Zhu
- Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230031, China.
- Department of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, 241001, China.
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Enokida T, Tahara M. Management of VEGFR-Targeted TKI for Thyroid Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:5536. [PMID: 34771698 PMCID: PMC8583039 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in the development of multitarget tyrosine kinase inhibitors (MTKIs), which mainly target the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), have improved prognoses and dramatically changed the treatment strategy for advanced thyroid cancer. However, adverse events related to this inhibition can interrupt treatment and sometimes lead to discontinuation. In addition, they can be annoying and potentially jeopardize the subjects' quality of life, even allowing that the clinical outcome of patients with advanced thyroid cancer remains limited. In this review, we summarize the potential mechanisms underlying these adverse events (hypertension, proteinuria and renal impairment, hemorrhage, fistula formation/gastrointestinal perforation, wound healing, cardiovascular toxicities, hematological toxicity, diarrhea, fatigue, and acute cholecystitis), their characteristics, and actual management. Furthermore, we also discuss the importance of related factors, including alternative treatments that target other pathways, the necessity of subject selection for safer administration, and patient education.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Makoto Tahara
- Department of Head and Neck Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, 6-5-1 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa 277-8577, Japan;
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Hu JL, Kim BJ, Yu NH, Kwon ST. Impact of Injection Frequency of Adipose-Derived Stem Cells on Allogeneic Skin Graft Survival Outcomes in Mice. Cell Transplant 2021; 30:9636897211041966. [PMID: 34538121 PMCID: PMC8743972 DOI: 10.1177/09636897211041966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies indicated that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit immunomodulatory properties in composite tissue allotransplantation. However, due to the high immunogenicity of skin, although the single administration of MSCs improves survival of the skin allotransplant, immune rejection is still inevitable. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether multiple administrations of MSCs would improve immune tolerance in the allogeneic skin graft, compared to that with a single administration in a mouse model. After full-thickness skin allotransplantation on the backs of the mice, the recipient mice were infused with phosphate-buffered saline and isogenic 1.5 × 105/mL adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs). ADSCs were transplanted into different mice according to the different injection frequencies such as single, once a week, and twice a week. Skin sections were taken on days 7 and 21 post-transplantation in all groups for gene expression and histological studies. ADSCs increased skin allograft survival compared to that in control mice (P < 0.05). Interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha messenger RNA levels were decreased, and the abundance of lymphocytes, based on immunohistochemistry, was also decreased in ADSC-infused mice (P < 0.05). However, among the different ADSC injection frequency groups, multiple ADSC infusion did not improve the survival rate and decreased proinflammatory cytokines and lymphocytes, compared to those with the single administration of ADSCs (P > 0.05). Conversely, the results with single administration were slightly better than those with multiple administrations. Our study demonstrated that ADSCs have the potential for immunomodulation in vivo. However, the results with multiple ADSC administration were not as good as those with single administration, which indicates the complexity of ADSCs in vivo and implying the need for adequate preclinical experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Long Hu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Jun Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Na Hee Yu
- Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Tack Kwon
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Chen L, Dai L, Yan D, Zhou B, Zheng W, Yin J, Zhou T, Liu Z, Deng J, Wang R, Ding X, Chen J. Gleevec and Rapamycin Synergistically Reduce Cell Viability and Inhibit Proliferation and Angiogenic Function of Mouse Bone Marrow-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells. J Vasc Res 2021; 58:330-342. [PMID: 34247157 DOI: 10.1159/000515816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigates the synergistic effects of Gleevec (imatinib) and rapamycin on the proliferative and angiogenic properties of mouse bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS EPCs were isolated from mouse bone marrow and treated with different concentrations of Gleevec or rapamycin individually or in combination. The cell viability and proliferation were examined using the MTT assay. An analysis of cell cycle and apoptosis was performed using flow cytometry. Formation of capillary-like tubes was examined in vitro, and the protein expression of cell differentiation markers was determined using Western blot analysis. RESULTS Gleevec significantly reduced cell viability, cell proliferation, and induced cell apoptosis in EPCs. Rapamycin had similar effects on EPCs, but it did not induce cell apoptosis. The combination of Gleevec and rapamycin reduced the cell proliferation but increased cell apoptosis. Although rapamycin had no demonstratable effect on tube formation, the combined therapy of Gleevec and rapamycin significantly reduced tube formation when compared with Gleevec alone. Mechanistically, Gleevec, but not rapamycin, induced a significant elevation in caspase-3 activity in EPCs, and it attenuated the expression of the endothelial protein marker platelet-derived growth factor receptor α. Functionally, rapamycin, but not Gleevec, significantly enhanced the expression of endothelial differentiation marker proteins, while attenuating the expression of mammalian target of rapamycin signaling-related proteins. CONCLUSIONS Gleevec and rapamycin synergistically suppress cell proliferation and tube formation of EPCs by inducing cell apoptosis and endothelial differentiation. Mechanistically, it is likely that rapamycin enhances the proapoptotic and antiangiogenic effects of Gleevec by promoting the endothelial differentiation of EPCs. Given that EPCs are involved in the pathogenesis of some cardiovascular diseases and critical to angiogenesis, pharmacological inhibition of EPC proliferation by combined Gleevec and rapamycin therapy may be a promising approach for suppressing cardiovascular disease pathologies associated with angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- Intervention and Cell Therapy Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Luping Dai
- Intervention and Cell Therapy Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dewen Yan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Boya Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Zheng
- Intervention and Cell Therapy Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jia Yin
- Center for Human Tissues and Organs Degeneration, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shenzhen, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Intervention and Cell Therapy Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zehua Liu
- Intervention and Cell Therapy Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianxin Deng
- Department of Endocrinology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rehua Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaorong Ding
- Nursing Department, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Junhui Chen
- Intervention and Cell Therapy Center, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China
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Butt MI, Khalid Bakhsh AM, Nadri QJ. Lenvatinib-induced multiorgan adverse events in Hurthle cell thyroid cancer: A case report. World J Clin Oncol 2021; 12:272-281. [PMID: 33959480 PMCID: PMC8085512 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v12.i4.272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The management of metastatic progressive radioiodine-resistant differentiated thyroid cancer remains challenging for clinicians. The availability of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), sorafenib and lenvatinib, within the last decade has expanded treatment options; however, these lead to significant adverse effects, which may curtail their use.
CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 47-year-old female with Hurthle cell thyroid cancer who underwent total thyroidectomy followed by radioiodine ablation. During follow-up, she developed noniodine-avid renal and pulmonary metastases. With respect to her pre-existing diabetes, hypertension, and polycystic kidney disease, the tumor board decided against performing renal metastasectomy because of the risk of future renal decline requiring dialysis. Metastases were treated using sorafenib, which provided stability followed by progression within a year. We switched to lenvatinib, which led to disease regression. However, the patient experienced severe adverse effects, including cardiomyopathy, bicytopenia, renal impairment, and the rarely reported nephrotic syndrome. Renal metastasis is a rare manifes-tation of Hurthle cell thyroid cancer with only two reported cases in literature. We report the experience of our first case of renal metastasis and its treatment with TKIs. This case serves as a reminder of the adverse drug reactions associated with TKI use.
CONCLUSION We advocate close monitoring of patients’ hematological and renal profiles as well as their cardiac status using an echocardiogram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Imran Butt
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Research Centre, Al Faisal University, Riyadh 12713, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Quaid Johar Nadri
- Department of Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital, Research Centre, Al Faisal University, Riyadh 12713, Saudi Arabia
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8
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Rahbarghazi A, Siahkouhian M, Rahbarghazi R, Ahmadi M, Bolboli L, Keyhanmanesh R, Mahdipour M, Rajabi H. Role of melatonin in the angiogenesis potential; highlights on the cardiovascular disease. J Inflamm (Lond) 2021; 18:4. [PMID: 33531055 PMCID: PMC7852194 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-021-00269-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Melatonin possesses multi-organ and pleiotropic effects with potency to control angiogenesis at both molecular and cellular levels. To date, many efforts have been made to control and regulate the dynamic of angiogenesis modulators in a different milieu. The term angiogenesis or neovascularization refers to the development of de novo vascular buds from the pre-existing blood vessels. This phenomenon is tightly dependent on the balance between the pro- and anti-angiogenesis factors which alters the functional behavior of vascular cells. The promotion of angiogenesis is thought to be an effective strategy to accelerate the healing process of ischemic changes such as infarcted myocardium. Of note, most of the previous studies have focused on the anti-angiogenesis capacity of melatonin in the tumor niche. To the best of our knowledge, few experiments highlighted the melatonin angiogenesis potential and specific regulatory mechanisms in the cardiovascular system. Here, we aimed to summarize some previous experiments related to the application of melatonin in cardiovascular diseases such as ischemic injury and hypertension by focusing on the regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Rahbarghazi
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Educational Science & Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Daneshgah Street, Ardabil, Iran
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Marefat Siahkouhian
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Educational Science & Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Daneshgah Street, Ardabil, Iran.
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Ahmadi
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Lotfali Bolboli
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Faculty of Educational Science & Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Daneshgah Street, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Rana Keyhanmanesh
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahdipour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hadi Rajabi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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9
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Effect of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Damaged Human Corneal Endothelial Cells. Stem Cells Int 2021; 2021:6644463. [PMID: 33531909 PMCID: PMC7834816 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6644463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Human corneal endothelial cells (HCECs) are essential to visual function; however, since they have limited proliferative capacity in vivo, they are prone to corneal endothelial dysfunction. At present, the only treatment is a corneal transplantation from donor cadavers. Also, due to a global shortage of donor corneas, it is important to find alternative strategies. Recent studies highlight that stem cell–derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a relevant role in stem cell-induced regeneration by reprogramming injured cells and inducing proregenerative pathways. The aim of this work is to evaluate whether EVs derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-EVs) are able to promote regeneration of damaged HCECs. Methods We isolated HCECs from discarded corneas in patients undergoing corneal transplantation or enucleation (N = 23 patients). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were obtained from Lonza, cultured, and characterized. MSC-EVs were obtained from supernatants of MSCs. In order to establish a valid in vitro damage model to test the regenerative potential of EVs on HCECs, we evaluated the proliferation rate and the apoptosis after exposing the cells to serum-deprived medium at different concentrations for 24 hours. We then evaluated the HCEC migration through a wound healing assay. Results In the selected serum deprivation damage conditions, the treatment with different doses of MSC-EVs resulted in a significantly higher proliferation rate of HCECs at all the tested concentrations of EVs (5‐20 × 103 MSC-EV/cell). MSC-EVs/cell induced a significant decrease in number of total apoptotic cells after 24 hours of serum deprivation. Finally, the wound healing assay showed a significantly faster repair of the wound after HCEC treatment with MSC-EVs. Conclusions Results highlight the already well-known proregenerative potential of MSC-EVs in a totally new biological model, the endothelium of the cornea. MSC-EVs, indeed, induced proliferation and survival of HCECs, promoting the migration of HCECs in vitro.
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10
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Zu Y, Zhou J, Fu Y, Fang B, Liu X, Zhang Y, Yu F, Zuo W, Zhou H, Gui R, Li Z, Liu Y, Zhao H, Zhang C, Song Y. Feasibility of reduced-dose posttransplant cyclophosphamide and cotransplantation of peripheral blood stem cells and umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells for SAA. Sci Rep 2021; 11:253. [PMID: 33420287 PMCID: PMC7794355 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-80531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Posttransplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) as graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis is an effective strategie for patients receiving matched sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (MSD-HSCT) and haploidentical HSCT (haplo-HSCT). We evaluated the effectiveness and safety of reduced-dose cyclophosphamide, 20 mg/kg for 13 patients in MSD-HSCT cohort and 25 mg/kg for 22 patients in haplo-HSCT cohort, on days + 3, + 4 combined with cotransplantation of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) and human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) for severe aplastic anemia (SAA). In MSD-PTCy cohort, the times to neutrophil and platelet engraftment were significantly shorter than those in the MSD-control cohort (P < 0.05). The cumulative incidence of acute GVHD (aGVHD) at day + 100 (15.4%) was lower than that in the MSD-control cohort (P = 0.050). No patient developed chronic GVHD (cGVHD). The 1-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rates were 100% and 92.3%. In haplo-PTCy cohort, the times to neutrophil and platelet engraftment were significantly shorter than those in the haplo-control cohort (P < 0.05). The cumulative incidences of aGVHD at day + 100 and 1-year cGVHD were 31.8% and 18.2%, and the 1-year OS and EFS rates were 81.8% and 66.9%. Reduced-dose PTCy and cotransplantation of PBSCs and UC-MSCs is an acceptable alternative to patients with SAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingling Zu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuewen Fu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Baijun Fang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinjian Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengkuan Yu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenli Zuo
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruirui Gui
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Liu
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Huifang Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengjuan Zhang
- Center of Bio-Repository, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongping Song
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, People's Republic of China.
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11
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Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Therapeutic Agents and Novel Carriers for the Delivery of Candidate Genes in Acute Kidney Injury. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:8875554. [PMID: 33381189 PMCID: PMC7748887 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8875554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a heterogeneous syndrome characterized by a dramatic increase in serum creatinine. Mild AKI may merely be confined to kidney damage and resolve within days; however, severe AKI commonly involves extrarenal organ dysfunction and is associated with high mortality. There is no specific pharmaceutical treatment currently available that can reverse the course of this disease. Notably, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show great promise for the management of AKI by targeting multiple pathophysiological pathways to facilitate tubular epithelial cell repair. It has been well established that the unique characteristics of MSCs make them ideal vectors for gene therapy. Thus, genetic modification has been attempted to achieve improved therapeutic outcomes in the management of AKI by overexpressing trophic cytokines or facilitating MSC delivery to renal tissues. The present article provides a comprehensive review of genetic modification strategies targeted at optimizing the therapeutic potential of MSCs in AKI.
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12
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Diaz MF, Horton PD, Kumar A, Livingston M, Mohammadalipour A, Xue H, Skibber MA, Ewere A, Toledano Furman NE, Aroom KR, Zhang S, Gill BS, Cox CS, Wenzel PL. Injury intensifies T cell mediated graft-versus-host disease in a humanized model of traumatic brain injury. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10729. [PMID: 32612177 PMCID: PMC7330041 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67723-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The immune system plays critical roles in promoting tissue repair during recovery from neurotrauma but is also responsible for unchecked inflammation that causes neuronal cell death, systemic stress, and lethal immunodepression. Understanding the immune response to neurotrauma is an urgent priority, yet current models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) inadequately recapitulate the human immune response. Here, we report the first description of a humanized model of TBI and show that TBI places significant stress on the bone marrow. Hematopoietic cells of the marrow are regionally decimated, with evidence pointing to exacerbation of underlying graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) linked to presence of human T cells in the marrow. Despite complexities of the humanized mouse, marrow aplasia caused by TBI could be alleviated by cell therapy with human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). We conclude that MSCs could be used to ameliorate syndromes triggered by hypercytokinemia in settings of secondary inflammatory stimulus that upset marrow homeostasis such as TBI. More broadly, this study highlights the importance of understanding how underlying immune disorders including immunodepression, autoimmunity, and GVHD might be intensified by injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel F Diaz
- Children's Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Paulina D Horton
- Children's Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Akshita Kumar
- Children's Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Megan Livingston
- Children's Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Amina Mohammadalipour
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Hasen Xue
- Children's Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Max A Skibber
- Children's Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Adesuwa Ewere
- Children's Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Naama E Toledano Furman
- Children's Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kevin R Aroom
- Children's Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Songlin Zhang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Brijesh S Gill
- Department of Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Charles S Cox
- Children's Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Pamela L Wenzel
- Children's Regenerative Medicine Program, Department of Pediatric Surgery, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. .,Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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13
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c-Mpl and TPO expression in the human central nervous system neurons inhibits neuronal apoptosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:7397-7410. [PMID: 32341206 PMCID: PMC7202501 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Thrombopoietin (TPO) is a growth factor for the megakaryocytic/platelet lineage. In this study, we investigated the expression of TPO and its receptor, c-Mpl, in the human central nervous system (CNS) and their roles after a neural insult. Our results demonstrate that both TPO and c-Mpl are expressed in the neurons of the human CNS. TPO was also detected in human cerebrospinal fluid. TPO was found to be neuroprotective in hypoxic-ischemic neonatal rat brain models. In these rat models, treatment with TPO reduced brain damage and improved sensorimotor functions. In addition, TPO promoted C17.2 cell proliferation through activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Via the Bcl-2/BAX signaling pathway, TPO exerted an antiapoptotic effect by suppressing mitochondrial membrane potentials. Taken together, our results indicate that TPO is neuroprotective in the CNS.
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14
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Impact of humanised isolation and culture conditions on stemness and osteogenic potential of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Sci Rep 2019; 9:16031. [PMID: 31690774 PMCID: PMC6831606 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52442-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Therapeutic potential of human bone marrow stromal/stem cells (hBMSC) must be developed using well defined xenogenic-free conditions. hBMSC were isolated from healthy donors (n = 3) using different isolation and expansion methods. Donor I was isolated and expanded by either bone marrow directly seeded and cells expanded in 10% AB human serum (AB) +5 ng/ml fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) [Direct(AB + FGFlow)] or Ammonium-Chloride-Potassium Lysing Buffer was used before the cells were expanded in 10% AB +5 ng/ml FGF-2 [ACK(AB + FGFlow)] or Lymphoprep density gradient medium was used before the cells were expanded in 10% AB +5 ng/ml FGF2 [Lympho(AB + FGFlow)] or bone marrow directly seeded and cells expanded in 10% pooled platelet lysate plasma (PL) + heparin (2 I/U/mL) [Direct(PL)]. Groups for donors II and III were: Direct(AB + FGFlow) or 10% AB +10 ng/ml FGF2 [Direct(AB + FGFhigh)] or Direct(PL). HBMSCs were assessed for viability, multi-potency, osteogenic, inflammatory response and replicative senescence in vitro after 1 and 3 weeks. Pre-selected culture conditions, Direct(AB + FGFhigh) or Direct(PL), were seeded on biphasic calcium phosphate granules and subcutaneously implanted in NOD/SCID mice. After 1 and 11 weeks, explants were analysed for inflammatory and osteogenic response at gene level and histologically. To identify implanted human cells, in situ hybridisation was performed. hBMSC from all conditions showed in vitro multi-lineage potency. hBMSCs expanded in PL expressed stemness markers in vitro at significantly higher levels. Generally, cells expanded in AB + FGF2 conditions expressed higher osteogenic markers after 1 week both in vitro and in vivo. After 11 weeks in vivo, Direct(AB + FGFhigh) formed mature ectopic bone, compared to immature mineralised tissues formed by Direct(PL) implants. Mouse responses showed a significant upregulation of IL-1α and IL-1β expression in Direct(PL). After 1 week, human cells were observed in both groups and after 11 weeks in Direct(AB + FGFhigh) only. To conclude, results showed a significant effect of the isolation methods and demonstrated a relatively consistent pattern of efficacy from all donors. A tendency of hBMSC expanded in PL to retain a more stem-like phenotype elucidates their delayed differentiation and different inflammatory expressions.
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15
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Currie JD, Grosser L, Murawala P, Schuez M, Michel M, Tanaka EM, Sandoval-Guzmán T. The Prrx1 limb enhancer marks an adult subpopulation of injury-responsive dermal fibroblasts. Biol Open 2019; 8:bio.043711. [PMID: 31278164 PMCID: PMC6679413 DOI: 10.1242/bio.043711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneous properties of dermal cell populations have been posited to contribute toward fibrotic, imperfect wound healing in mammals. Here we characterize an adult population of dermal fibroblasts that maintain an active Prrx1 enhancer which originally marked mesenchymal limb progenitors. In contrast to their abundance in limb development, postnatal Prrx1 enhancer-positive cells (Prrx1enh+) make up a small subset of adult dermal cells (∼0.2%) and reside mainly within dermal perivascular and hair follicle niches. Lineage tracing of adult Prrx1enh+ cells shows that they remain in their niches and in small numbers over a long period of time. Upon injury however, Prrx1enh+ cells readily migrate into the wound bed and amplify, on average, 16-fold beyond their uninjured numbers. Additionally, following wounding dermal Prrx1enh+ cells are found out of their dermal niches and contribute to subcutaneous tissue. Postnatal Prrx1enh+ cells are uniquely injury-responsive despite being a meager minority in the adult skin. Summary: Dermal Prrx1-enhancer cells are injury-responsive fibroblasts. Prrx1enh+ cells readily migrate into the wound bed and amplify on average 16-fold beyond their uninjured numbers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua D Currie
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany .,Department of Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Harbord Street, M5S 3G5 Toronto, Canada
| | - Lidia Grosser
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany.,Research Institute for Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Prayag Murawala
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany.,Research Institute for Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Maritta Schuez
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Michel
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Elly M Tanaka
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany.,Research Institute for Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, 1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Tatiana Sandoval-Guzmán
- CRTD-Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 105, 01307 Dresden, Germany
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16
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Fachi MM, Tonin FS, Leonart LP, Rotta I, Fernandez-Llimos F, Pontarolo R. Haematological adverse events associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in chronic myeloid leukaemia: A network meta-analysis. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2019; 85:2280-2291. [PMID: 30907446 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Despite their overall favourable safety profile, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are related to severe adverse events including haematological toxicities such as anaemia, leucopenia, neutropenia and thrombocytopenia. We designed a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials to compare safety among TKIs (bosutinib, dasatinib, imatinib, nilotinib, ponatinib and radotinib) used by patients diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukaemia. METHODS We obtained data from the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO databases. The Bayesian approach was used for direct and indirect comparisons, and the treatments were ranked by the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA). RESULTS Seventeen studies were included in the network meta-analysis. Our data show that dasatinib was generally considered worse than the other TKIs, with SUCRA values for 140 mg dasatinib of 90.3% for anaemia, 87.4% for leucopenia, 90.6% for neutropenia and 97.2% for thrombocytopenia. In addition, nilotinib was shown to be safer, with SUCRA values for 600 and 800 mg doses of 21.9 and 35.8% for anaemia, 23.8 and 14.6% for leucopenia, 33.0 and 17.7% for neutropenia, and 28.7 and 32.6% for thrombocytopenia, respectively. CONCLUSION Dasatinib appeared as the least safe drug for chronic myeloid leukaemia, probably because it binds to multiple key kinase targets, being more prone to cause serious haematological adverse events. Nilotinib demonstrated a safer profile, mostly due to its selective binding capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana M Fachi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Programme, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fernanda S Tonin
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Programme, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Leticia P Leonart
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Postgraduate Programme, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Inajara Rotta
- Pharmacy Service, Hospital de Clínicas, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Fernando Fernandez-Llimos
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Department of Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Roberto Pontarolo
- Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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17
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Cabanillas ME, Takahashi S. Managing the adverse events associated with lenvatinib therapy in radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer. Semin Oncol 2018; 46:57-64. [PMID: 30685073 DOI: 10.1053/j.seminoncol.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Lenvatinib is a multikinase inhibitor of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptors 1-3, fibroblast growth factor receptors 1-4, RET, KIT, and platelet-derived growth factor receptor-α. Lenvatinib is approved as a monotherapy for the treatment of radioiodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer and in combination with everolimus for the second-line treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma. Lenvatinib is also under investigation for the treatment of several malignancies including unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Although lenvatinib is associated with favorable efficacy, it is associated with adverse events (AEs) that the clinician will have to closely monitor for and proactively manage. Most of these AEs are known class effects of VEGF-targeted therapies, including hypertension, diarrhea, fatigue or asthenia, decreased appetite, and weight loss. This review summarizes the safety profile of lenvatinib and offers guidance for the management of both frequent and rare AEs. We discuss the potential mechanisms underlying these AEs and present practical recommendations for managing toxicities. The development of treatment plans that include prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for the management of lenvatinib-associated AEs has the potential to improve patient quality of life, optimize adherence, minimize the need for dose reductions, treatment interruptions, or discontinuations, and maximize patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Cabanillas
- Department of Endocrine Neoplasia & Hormonal Disorders, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Shunji Takahashi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan
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18
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Guo ZL, Richardson DR, Kalinowski DS, Kovacevic Z, Tan-Un KC, Chan GCF. The novel thiosemicarbazone, di-2-pyridylketone 4-cyclohexyl-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (DpC), inhibits neuroblastoma growth in vitro and in vivo via multiple mechanisms. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:98. [PMID: 27678372 PMCID: PMC5039880 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0330-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neuroblastoma is a relatively common and highly belligerent childhood tumor with poor prognosis by current therapeutic approaches. A novel anti-cancer agent of the di-2-pyridylketone thiosemicarbazone series, namely di-2-pyridylketone 4,4-dimethyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (Dp44mT), demonstrates promising anti-tumor activity. Recently, a second-generation analogue, namely di-2-pyridylketone 4-cyclohexyl-4-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone (DpC), has entered multi-center clinical trials for the treatment of advanced and resistant tumors. The current aim was to examine if these novel agents were effective against aggressive neuroblastoma in vitro and in vivo and to assess their mechanism of action. Methods Neuroblastoma cancer cells as well as immortalized normal cells were used to assess the efficacy and selectivity of DpC in vitro. An orthotopic SK-N-LP/Luciferase xenograft model was used in nude mice to assess the efficacy of DpC in vivo. Apoptosis in tumors was confirmed by Annexin V/PI flow cytometry and H&E staining. Results DpC demonstrated more potent cytotoxicity than Dp44mT against neuroblastoma cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. DpC significantly increased levels of phosphorylated JNK, neuroglobin, cytoglobin, and cleaved caspase 3 and 9, while decreasing IkBα levels in vitro. The contribution of JNK, NF-ĸB, and caspase signaling/activity to the anti-tumor activity of DpC was verified by selective inhibitors of these pathways. After 3 weeks of treatment, tumor growth in mice was significantly (p < 0.05) reduced by DpC (4 mg/kg/day) given intravenously and the agent was well tolerated. Xenograft tissues showed significantly higher expression of neuroglobin, cytoglobin, caspase 3, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) levels and a slight decrease in interleukin-10 (IL-10). Conclusions DpC was found to be highly potent against neuroblastoma, demonstrating its potential as a novel therapeutic for this disease. The ability of DpC to increase TNFα in tumors could also promote the endogenous immune response to mediate enhanced cancer cell apoptosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13045-016-0330-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Ling Guo
- Department of Stomatology, Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Hainan, People's Republic of China.,School of Stomatology, Hainan Medical University, Hainan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Des R Richardson
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Danuta S Kalinowski
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Zaklina Kovacevic
- Molecular Pharmacology and Pathology Program, Department of Pathology, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kian Cheng Tan-Un
- School of Professional and Continuing Education, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Godfrey Chi-Fung Chan
- Department of Paediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China.
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Dobrakowski M, Boroń M, Czuba ZP, Birkner E, Chwalba A, Hudziec E, Kasperczyk S. Blood morphology and the levels of selected cytokines related to hematopoiesis in occupational short-term exposure to lead. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 305:111-117. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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20
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Ran Y, Xu B, Wang R, Gao Q, Jia Q, Hasan M, Shan S, Ma H, Dai R, Deng Y, Qing H. Dragon's blood extracts reduce radiation-induced peripheral blood injury and protects human megakaryocyte cells from GM-CSF withdraw-induced apoptosis. Phys Med 2016; 32:84-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmp.2015.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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21
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Ye JY, Liang EY, Cheng YS, Chan GCF, Ding Y, Meng F, Ng MHL, Chong BH, Lian Q, Yang M. Serotonin enhances megakaryopoiesis and proplatelet formation via p-Erk1/2 and F-actin reorganization. Stem Cells 2015; 32:2973-82. [PMID: 24980849 DOI: 10.1002/stem.1777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Our previous studies have shown that serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) is a growth factor for hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. In this study, we proposed a possible mechanism: 5-HT may enhance megakaryopoiesis and proplatelet formation via Erk1/2 pathway and cytoskeleton reorganization. Here, 5-HT(2B)R was first identified in megakaryocytic cells. 5-HT also promoted the megakaryocytes (MKs) proliferation and reduced the cell apoptosis via the activation of 5-HT(2B)R and Akt pathway. The effects were reduced by the 5-HT2B R inhibitor ketanserin. The effect of 5-HT on proplatelet formation in bone marrow MKs were further confirmed: the 5-HT treated group had more proplatelet bearing MKs compared with the control group. To determine whether 5-HT has effects on cytoskeleton reorganization of MKs, and whether these effects could be reduced by ketanserin or Erk1/2 inhibitor PD98059, MKs were stained with the F-actin specific binder rhodamine-phalloidin. The polymerized actin level was lower in the control group than the 5-HT group and was distributed throughout the cytoplasm with occasional aggregations. Our data demonstrated that Erk1/2 was activated in MKs treated with 5-HT. This study suggests that 5-HT has a potent effect on platelet formation and this effect is likely mediated via 5HT(2B)R with subsequent activation of p-Erk1/2 and consequent F-actin reorganization and proplatelet formation. We also demonstrated that melatonin, the metabolite of 5-HT, exerts a protective effect on MK and platelet recovery in the irradiated mouse model. This study suggested that 5-HT plays an important role in platelet formation via 5HT(2B)R, p-Erk1/2, and F-actin reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yu Ye
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou Avenue, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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22
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Role of thrombocytopenia in radiation-induced mortality and review of therapeutic approaches targeting platelet regeneration after radiation exposure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13566-015-0201-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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23
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Zhang J, Zhou S, Zhou Y, Feng F, Wang Q, Zhu X, Zhao J, Fu H, Lv M, Ai H, Huang X, Zhang X. Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (ADSCs) With the Potential to Ameliorate Platelet Recovery, Enhance Megakaryopoiesis, and Inhibit Apoptosis of Bone Marrow Cells in a Mouse Model of Radiation-Induced Thrombocytopenia. Cell Transplant 2015; 25:261-73. [PMID: 25975417 DOI: 10.3727/096368915x688155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Substantial damage to the bone marrow can be caused by exposure to radiation, which can then develop into severe thrombocytopenia. In this study, we investigated the in vivo impact of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) on megakaryopoiesis and platelet recovery in irradiated mice. Radiation markedly reduced peripheral blood counts. Recovery of both platelets and WBCs was better in the ADSC-treated group compared with the saline group and the fibroblast group 21 days after irradiation. A significant increase in the total CFU and MK-CFU after irradiation was observed in the ADSC group compared with the saline group and the fibroblast group. Further, the proportion of CD41(+) cells in the ADSC group was significantly higher than that in the saline group and the fibroblast group. ADSC treatment significantly improved the cellularity and decreased the apoptotic cells in the bone marrow while normal fibroblasts did not. Administration of ADSCs upregulated protein expression of phosphorylated Akt and Bcl-xL, whereas the expression of Bax, a protein related to apoptosis, was significantly lower in the ADSC group. In conclusion, this study suggests that ADSCs were capable of promoting platelet recovery, improving megakaryopoiesis, and inhibiting apoptosis of bone marrow cells in irradiated mice. The antiapoptotic effect of ADSCs is likely to be mediated via the PI3K/Akt pathway. These findings may provide a scientific basis for using ADSCs as a new therapy after irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Zhang
- Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Institute of Hematology, Beijing, China
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Noskovičová N, Petřek M, Eickelberg O, Heinzelmann K. Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Signaling in the Lung. From Lung Development and Disease to Clinical Studies. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2015; 52:263-84. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2014-0294tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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25
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Liu Z, Liu H, Jiang J, Tan S, Yang Y, Zhan Y, Wu B. PDGF-BB and bFGF ameliorate radiation-induced intestinal progenitor/stem cell apoptosis via Akt/p53 signaling in mice. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2014; 307:G1033-43. [PMID: 25301184 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00151.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Radiation-induced gastrointestinal (GI) syndrome currently has no effective prophylactic or therapeutic treatment. Previous studies and our data have demonstrated the important role of p53 in acute radiation-induced GI syndrome in mice. Many cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α and fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), have been found to protect against radiation-induced intestinal injury, although the underlying mechanisms remain to be identified. Here, we report blockage of p53 through a protein kinase B (Akt) pathway in intestinal progenitor/stem cells or crypt cells as a novel molecular mechanism of growth factor-mediated intestinal radioprotection. Treatment with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB) or bFGF activated Akt phosphorylation in the intestinal crypt, lessened intestinal crypt p53 expression, decreased radiation-induced apoptosis in mouse intestinal progenitor/stem cell marker leucine-rich repeat-containing G protein-coupled receptor 5 (Lgr5)-positive cells by an average of 50%, and increased the survival rate of mice with abdominal radiation by 3 days in average. Conversely, the Akt inhibitor perifosine obstructed growth factor-simulated Akt phosphorylation while promoting radiation-induced p53 expression in intestinal crypts. Importantly, reduced Akt phosphorylation and elevated p53 expression due to the Akt inhibitor perifosine impaired intestinal progenitor/stem cells radioprotection provided by PDGF-BB and bFGF. Consistently, PDGF-BB and bFGF both upregulated Akt activation, suppressed radiation-induced p53 expression, and abrogated radiation-induced apoptosis in IEC-6 cells, although p53 overexpression in IEC-6 cells partially counteracted the radioprotection of PDGF-BB and bFGF. Our data suggest that intestinal crypt radioprotection by PDGF-BB and bFGF is dependent on regulation of Akt/p53 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiling Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Siwei Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yidong Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yashi Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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26
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Zong RK, Liu J. Effects of Xinfeng Capsule on the expression of platelet derived growth factor in synovium of adjuvant arthritis rats. Chin J Integr Med 2014; 20:688-94. [PMID: 25027774 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-014-1783-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of Xinfeng Capsule (, XFC) on platelet parameters in peripheral blood and expression of platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) in synovium of adjuvant arthritis (AA) rats. METHODS A total of 40 male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomized into 5 groups: normal control (NC), AA model control (MC), methotrexate (MTX) treatment, Tripterygium wilfordii polycoride tablet (TPT) treatment, and XFC treatment. Excluding the NC group, the AA model was induced by intracutaneous injection of 0.1 mL Freund's complete adjuvant in the right hind limb. Induction of AA and the effects of drug treatments were assessed by voix pedis swelling, arthritis index (AI), body mass, and the pathological changes of joints and cartilage with a light microscopy. Platelet parameters in peripheral blood were detected with an automated hematology analyzer. PDGF in synovium was detected with immunohistochemical methods and PDGF mRNA expression in synovium was detected with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Compared with the NC group, the MC group had significantly increased voix pedis swelling, AI, platelet (PLT) and plateletcrit (PCT) in peripheral blood and PDGF as well as PDGF mRNA in synovium (all P<0.01) and the joint cartilage was also highly degenerated. Compared with the MC group, the 3 treated groups had significantly decreased voix pedis swelling, AI, PLT, PCT, PDGF, and PDGF mRNA (P<0.01). The body mass in the XFC group was significantly higher than those in MTX and TPT groups (P <0.05). The levels of PLT, PCT, PDGF, and PDGF mRNA in the XFC group showed a decreasing tendency with no significant difference compared with the MTX and TPT groups (P >0.05). PDGF and PDGF mRNA of AA rats were positively correlated with voix pedis swelling, AI, PLT, and PCT (P <0.05 or P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS The expression and biosynthesis of PDGF increase in the synovium of AA rats and correlate with voix pedis swelling, AI, PLT, and PCT. XFC can decrease the levels of PDGF, PDGF mRNA, PLT, and PCT, thereby mitigating inflammation induced by platelet activation and reducing voix pedis swelling and the AI in AA rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-kai Zong
- Department of Rheumatism and Immunity, the First Hospital Affiliated to Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, China
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Notch1 intracellular domain increases cytoplasmic EZH2 levels during early megakaryopoiesis. Cell Death Dis 2012; 3:e380. [PMID: 22914328 PMCID: PMC3434659 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2012.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Notch pathway is a well-known factor in the development of lymphoid lineage. However, its role in the myeloid lineage has remained ambiguous. We looked into the effect of Notch1 on the megakaryocytic lineage commitment and found an increase in megakaryocyte-specific lineage markers upon transfection with Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD). This effect was mediated by Akt whereby constitutive activation of Akt increased the megakaryocyte markers, whereas inhibition of Akt signalling reduced these marker levels. Along with the change in differentiation status, NICD-induced initiation of early megakaryopoiesis was accompanied by an increased cytoplasmic enhancer of zeste homolog-2 (EZH2) expression. This process was found to be Akt-dependent, and inhibition or overexpression of Akt lead to concurrent changes in EZH2 levels. To elucidate the function of EZH2 in the cytoplasm, novel cytoplasmic interactors of EZH2 were identified by co-immunoprecipitation followed by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization MS/MS-based protein identification, and thus, PDIA1 and LIM domain kinase-1 (LIMK1) were identified. Interaction of EZH2 with LIMK1 changed the activity of cofilin (a downstream target of LIMK1) towards actin filaments, thereby leading to lower filamentous actin content within these cells. Thus, Notch1 not only induces early megakaryopoiesis but also prepares these cells for subsequent morphological changes.
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Demoulin JB, Montano-Almendras CP. Platelet-derived growth factors and their receptors in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BLOOD RESEARCH 2012; 2:44-56. [PMID: 22432087 PMCID: PMC3301440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/15/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Platelet-derived growth factors (PDGF) bind to two closely related receptor tyrosine kinases, PDGF receptor α and β, which are encoded by the PDGFRA and PDGFRB genes. Aberrant activation of PDGF receptors occurs in myeloid malignancies associated with hypereosinophilia, due to chromosomal alterations that produce fusion genes, such as ETV6-PDGFRB or FIP1L1-PDGFRA. Most patients are males and respond to low dose imatinib, which is particularly effective against PDGF receptor kinase activity. Recently, activating point mutations in PDGFRA were also described in hypereosinophilia. In addition, autocrine loops have been identified in large granular lymphocyte leukemia and HTLV-transformed lymphocytes, suggesting new possible indications for tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy. Although PDGF was initially purified from platelets more than 30 years ago, its physiological role in the hematopoietic system remains unclear. Hematopoietic defects in PDGF-deficient mice have been reported but appear to be secondary to cardiovascular and placental abnormalities. Nevertheless, PDGF acts directly on several hematopoietic cell types in vitro, such as megakaryocytes, platelets, activated macrophages and, possibly, certain lymphocyte subsets and eosinophils. The relevance of these observations for normal human hematopoiesis remains to be established.
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29
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2012; 21:106-18. [DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0b013e32834ee42b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Eliades A, Papadantonakis N, Bhupatiraju A, Burridge KA, Johnston-Cox HA, Migliaccio AR, Crispino JD, Lucero HA, Trackman PC, Ravid K. Control of megakaryocyte expansion and bone marrow fibrosis by lysyl oxidase. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:27630-8. [PMID: 21665949 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.243113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysyl oxidase (LOX), a matrix cross-linking protein, is known to be selectively expressed and to enhance a fibrotic phenotype. A recent study of ours showed that LOX oxidizes the PDGF receptor-β (PDGFR-β), leading to amplified downstream signaling. Here, we examined the expression and functions of LOX in megakaryocytes (MKs), the platelet precursors. Cells committed to the MK lineage undergo mitotic proliferation to yield diploid cells, followed by endomitosis and acquisition of polyploidy. Intriguingly, LOX expression is detected in diploid-tetraploid MKs, but scarce in polyploid MKs. PDGFR-BB is an inducer of mitotic proliferation in MKs. LOX inhibition with β-aminopropionitrile reduces PDGFR-BB binding to cells and downstream signaling, as well as its proliferative effect on the MK lineage. Inhibition of LOX activity has no influence on MK polyploidy. We next rationalized that, in a system with an abundance of low ploidy MKs, LOX could be highly expressed and with functional significance. Thus, we resorted to GATA-1(low) mice, where there is an increase in low ploidy MKs, augmented levels of PDGF-BB, and an extensive matrix of fibers. MKs from these mice display high expression of LOX, compared with control mice. Importantly, treatment of GATA-1(low) mice with β-aminopropionitrile significantly improves the bone marrow fibrotic phenotype, and MK number in the spleen. Thus, our in vitro and in vivo data support a novel role for LOX in regulating MK expansion by PDGF-BB and suggest LOX as a new potential therapeutic target for myelofibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexia Eliades
- Department of Biochemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA
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