1
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Kashyap MK, Karathia H, Kumar D, Vera Alvarez R, Forero-Forero JV, Moreno E, Lujan JV, Amaya-Chanaga CI, Vidal NM, Yu Z, Ghia EM, Lengerke-Diaz PA, Achinko D, Choi MY, Rassenti LZ, Mariño-Ramírez L, Mount SM, Hannenhalli S, Kipps TJ, Castro JE. Aberrant spliceosome activity via elevated intron retention and upregulation and phosphorylation of SF3B1 in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2024; 35:102202. [PMID: 38846999 PMCID: PMC11154714 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Splicing factor 3b subunit 1 (SF3B1) is the largest subunit and core component of the spliceosome. Inhibition of SF3B1 was associated with an increase in broad intron retention (IR) on most transcripts, suggesting that IR can be used as a marker of spliceosome inhibition in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells. Furthermore, we separately analyzed exonic and intronic mapped reads on annotated RNA-sequencing transcripts obtained from B cells (n = 98 CLL patients) and healthy volunteers (n = 9). We measured intron/exon ratio to use that as a surrogate for alternative RNA splicing (ARS) and found that 66% of CLL-B cell transcripts had significant IR elevation compared with normal B cells (NBCs) and that correlated with mRNA downregulation and low expression levels. Transcripts with the highest IR levels belonged to biological pathways associated with gene expression and RNA splicing. A >2-fold increase of active pSF3B1 was observed in CLL-B cells compared with NBCs. Additionally, when the CLL-B cells were treated with macrolides (pladienolide-B), a significant decrease in pSF3B1, but not total SF3B1 protein, was observed. These findings suggest that IR/ARS is increased in CLL, which is associated with SF3B1 phosphorylation and susceptibility to SF3B1 inhibitors. These data provide additional support to the relevance of ARS in carcinogenesis and evidence of pSF3B1 participation in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Kashyap
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0820, USA
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Amity Stem Cell Institute, Amity Medical School, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon (Manesar), Gurugram (HR) 122413, India
| | - Hiren Karathia
- Advanced Biomedical Computational Science and National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, USA
- Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC, USA
- Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0820, USA
| | - Roberto Vera Alvarez
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Eider Moreno
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Juliana Velez Lujan
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0820, USA
| | | | - Newton Medeiros Vidal
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zhe Yu
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0820, USA
| | - Emanuela M. Ghia
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0820, USA
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Novel Therapeutics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Paula A. Lengerke-Diaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
| | - Daniel Achinko
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael Y. Choi
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0820, USA
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Novel Therapeutics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Laura Z. Rassenti
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0820, USA
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Novel Therapeutics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Leonardo Mariño-Ramírez
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Stephen M. Mount
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Sridhar Hannenhalli
- Cancer Data Science Lab, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Thomas J. Kipps
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0820, USA
- Division of Hematology Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Center for Novel Therapeutics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Januario E. Castro
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0820, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA
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2
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Mouawad N, Ruggeri E, Capasso G, Martinello L, Visentin A, Frezzato F, Trentin L. How receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 meets its partners in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Hematol Oncol 2024; 42:e3250. [PMID: 38949887 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common leukemia in western societies, recognized by clinical and molecular heterogeneity. Despite the success of targeted therapies, acquired resistance remains a challenge for relapsed and refractory CLL, as a consequence of mutations in the target or the upregulation of other survival pathways leading to the progression of the disease. Research on proteins that can trigger such pathways may define novel therapies for a successful outcome in CLL such as the receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1). ROR1 is a signaling receptor for Wnt5a, with an important role during embryogenesis. The aberrant expression on CLL cells and several types of tumors, is involved in cell proliferation, survival, migration as well as drug resistance. Antibody-based immunotherapies and small-molecule compounds emerged to target ROR1 in preclinical and clinical studies. Efforts have been made to identify new prognostic markers having predictive value to refine and increase the detection and management of CLL. ROR1 can be considered as an attractive target for CLL diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. It can be clinically effective alone and/or in combination with current approved agents. In this review, we summarize the scientific achievements in targeting ROR1 for CLL diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.
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MESH Headings
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/metabolism
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Humans
- Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-like Orphan Receptors/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Animals
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayla Mouawad
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Edoardo Ruggeri
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Guido Capasso
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Martinello
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Visentin
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Federica Frezzato
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Livio Trentin
- Hematology Unit, Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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3
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Severin F, Mouawad N, Ruggeri E, Visentin A, Martinello L, Pagnin E, Trimarco V, Pravato S, Angotzi F, Facco M, Trentin L, Frezzato F. Focal adhesion kinase activation by calcium-dependent calpain is involved in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cell aggressiveness. Br J Haematol 2023; 203:224-236. [PMID: 37495265 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.18996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Signalling events downstream the B-cell receptor (BCR) are central for the survival and progression of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) cells. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK), regulated through calpain, interacts with molecules of BCR signalling, cytoskeletal modelling and disease progression, such as Src/Lyn, cortactin and HS1. Hypothesizing that FAK might play a key role in CLL pathogenesis, we observed a down-modulation of FAK whole form, associated with FAK cleavage due to calpain activity upon BCR stimulation. Patients, whose cells were able to release Ca++ after BCR stimulation, had less amount of full-length FAK, which translated into a higher presence of cleaved/activated form of the protein phosphorylated at Y397, these features being mostly shown by immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGHV)-unmutated poor-prognosis patients. Moreover, we found that cortactin and HS1 proteins were overexpressed in those cells, suggesting a possible interplay with FAK. Treatment with the FAK inhibitor Defactinib was able to induce apoptosis in CLL cells. In conclusion, the malignant phenotype in unfavourable-prognosis patients seems to be encouraged by the overexpression of cortactin and HS1, that, together with FAK, may be involved in a druggable pathogenetic pathway in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Severin
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Nayla Mouawad
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Edoardo Ruggeri
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Andrea Visentin
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Leonardo Martinello
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Elisa Pagnin
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Trimarco
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefano Pravato
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Francesco Angotzi
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Monica Facco
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Livio Trentin
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Frezzato
- Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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4
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Castellanos-Martínez R, León-Vega II, Guerrero-Fonseca IM, Vargas-Robles H, Jiménez-Camacho KE, Hernández-Galicia G, Ortiz-Navarrete VF, Rottner K, Medina-Contreras O, Schnoor M. T cell functions and organ infiltration by leukemic T cells require cortactin. J Leukoc Biol 2023; 113:315-325. [PMID: 36808495 DOI: 10.1093/jleuko/qiad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive hematological malignancy that is still fatal in many cases. T cell blasts are characterized by hyperactivation and strong proliferative and migratory capacities. The chemokine receptor CXCR4 is involved in mediating malignant T cell properties, and cortactin has been shown to control CXCR4 surface localization in T-ALL cells. We have previously shown that cortactin overexpression is correlated with organ infiltration and relapse in B-ALL. However, the role of cortactin in T cell biology and T-ALL remains elusive. Here, we analyzed the functional relevance of cortactin for T cell activation and migration and the implications for T-ALL development. We found that cortactin is upregulated in response to T cell receptor engagement and recruited to the immune synapse in normal T cells. Loss of cortactin caused reduced IL-2 production and proliferation. Cortactin-depleted T cells showed defects in immune synapse formation and migrated less due to impaired actin polymerization in response to T cell receptor and CXCR4 stimulation. Leukemic T cells expressed much higher levels of cortactin compared to normal T cells that correlated with greater migratory capacity. Xenotransplantation assays in NSG mice revealed that cortactin-depleted human leukemic T cells colonized the bone marrow significantly less and failed to infiltrate the central nervous system, suggesting that cortactin overexpression drives organ infiltration, which is a major complication of T-ALL relapse. Thus, cortactin could serve as a potential therapeutic target for T-ALL and other pathologies involving aberrant T cell responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramón Castellanos-Martínez
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Iliana I León-Vega
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Idaira M Guerrero-Fonseca
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Hilda Vargas-Robles
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Karina E Jiménez-Camacho
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Hernández-Galicia
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Vianney F Ortiz-Navarrete
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Klemens Rottner
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, TU Braunschweig, Spielmannstr. 7, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Oscar Medina-Contreras
- Department of Hemato-oncology, Hospital Infantil "Federico Gómez,", Av. Dr. Márquez 162, 06720 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Michael Schnoor
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, Av. IPN 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
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5
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Sharafutdinov I, Knorr J, Rottner K, Backert S, Tegtmeyer N. Cortactin: A universal host cytoskeletal target of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial pathogens. Mol Microbiol 2022; 118:623-636. [PMID: 36396951 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic bacteria possess a great potential of causing infectious diseases and represent a serious threat to human and animal health. Understanding the molecular basis of infection development can provide new valuable strategies for disease prevention and better control. In host-pathogen interactions, actin-cytoskeletal dynamics play a crucial role in the successful adherence, invasion, and intracellular motility of many intruding microbial pathogens. Cortactin, a major cellular factor that promotes actin polymerization and other functions, appears as a central regulator of host-pathogen interactions and different human diseases including cancer development. Various important microbes have been reported to hijack cortactin signaling during infection. The primary regulation of cortactin appears to proceed via serine and/or tyrosine phosphorylation events by upstream kinases, acetylation, and interaction with various other host proteins, including the Arp2/3 complex, filamentous actin, the actin nucleation promoting factor N-WASP, focal adhesion kinase FAK, the large GTPase dynamin-2, the guanine nucleotide exchange factor Vav2, and the actin-stabilizing protein CD2AP. Given that many signaling factors can affect cortactin activities, several microbes target certain unique pathways, while also sharing some common features. Here we review our current knowledge of the hallmarks of cortactin as a major target for eminent Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial pathogens in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irshad Sharafutdinov
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jakob Knorr
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Klemens Rottner
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Steffen Backert
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicole Tegtmeyer
- Department of Biology, Division of Microbiology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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6
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Yuan B, Zhou X, Suzuki K, Ramos-Mandujano G, Wang M, Tehseen M, Cortés-Medina LV, Moresco JJ, Dunn S, Hernandez-Benitez R, Hishida T, Kim NY, Andijani MM, Bi C, Ku M, Takahashi Y, Xu J, Qiu J, Huang L, Benner C, Aizawa E, Qu J, Liu GH, Li Z, Yi F, Ghosheh Y, Shao C, Shokhirev M, Comoli P, Frassoni F, Yates JR, Fu XD, Esteban CR, Hamdan S, Li M, Izpisua Belmonte JC. Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein forms nuclear condensates and regulates alternative splicing. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3646. [PMID: 35752626 PMCID: PMC9233711 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31220-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The diverse functions of WASP, the deficiency of which causes Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS), remain poorly defined. We generated three isogenic WAS models using patient induced pluripotent stem cells and genome editing. These models recapitulated WAS phenotypes and revealed that WASP deficiency causes an upregulation of numerous RNA splicing factors and widespread altered splicing. Loss of WASP binding to splicing factor gene promoters frequently leads to aberrant epigenetic activation. WASP interacts with dozens of nuclear speckle constituents and constrains SRSF2 mobility. Using an optogenetic system, we showed that WASP forms phase-separated condensates that encompasses SRSF2, nascent RNA and active Pol II. The role of WASP in gene body condensates is corroborated by ChIPseq and RIPseq. Together our data reveal that WASP is a nexus regulator of RNA splicing that controls the transcription of splicing factors epigenetically and the dynamics of the splicing machinery through liquid-liquid phase separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolei Yuan
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Keiichiro Suzuki
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gerardo Ramos-Mandujano
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mengge Wang
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Tehseen
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Lorena V Cortés-Medina
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - James J Moresco
- Department of Cell Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Sarah Dunn
- The Waitt Advanced Biophotonics Core Facility, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Reyna Hernandez-Benitez
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,Altos Labs, Inc. 5510 Morehouse Drive, Suite 300, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Tomoaki Hishida
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,Laboratory of Biological Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, 25-1 Shitibancho, Wakayama, Wakayama, 640-8156, Japan
| | - Na Young Kim
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Manal M Andijani
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Chongwei Bi
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Manching Ku
- Next-generation sequencing core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Yuta Takahashi
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,Life Science Center, Tsukuba Advanced Research Alliance, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennoudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8577, Japan
| | - Jinna Xu
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jinsong Qiu
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ling Huang
- Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Christopher Benner
- Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Emi Aizawa
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,Institute for Advanced Co-Creation Studies, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zhongwei Li
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,University of Southern California, 1333 San Pablo Street, MMR 618, Los Angeles, CA, 90033, USA
| | - Fei Yi
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,Ambys Medicines, 131 Oyster Point Blvd. Suite 200, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Yanal Ghosheh
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Changwei Shao
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Maxim Shokhirev
- Integrative Genomics and Bioinformatics Core, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Patrizia Comoli
- Pediatric Hematology/Oncology and Cell Factory, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Francesco Frassoni
- Department of Research Laboratories and Director of Center for Stem Cell and Cell Therapy, Instituto G. Gaslini Children Hospital Scientific Institute, 16147, Genova, Italy
| | - John R Yates
- Department of Cell Biology, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Xiang-Dong Fu
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Concepcion Rodriguez Esteban
- Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,Altos Labs, Inc. 5510 Morehouse Drive, Suite 300, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA
| | - Samir Hamdan
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mo Li
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. .,Gene Expression Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA. .,Altos Labs, Inc. 5510 Morehouse Drive, Suite 300, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.
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7
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Aref S, Fawzy E, Darwish A, Aref M, Agdar MA. Cortactin Expression is a Novel Biomarker for Risk Stratification of T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol 2021; 43:e798-e803. [PMID: 33235155 DOI: 10.1097/mph.0000000000002010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The role of cortactin in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) tissue infiltration has been previously reported. However, its impact on patients' responsiveness to therapy and patient's outcome was not previously addressed. This study was conducted on 60 T-ALL pediatric patients at diagnosis and 10 nonleukemic controls. Cortactin and HS1 expressions were identified by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Cortactin and HS1 expression were significantly higher in T-All patients as compared with controls as well as postinduction levels (P≤0.001 for both). The high cortactin expression was significantly associated with high peripheral white cell counts (P≤0.001), blood blast cells (P≤0.001) and central nervous system (CNS) infiltration (P≤0.001), and early precursor T-ALL subtype (P≤0.001) as compared with the remaining groups. The induction of remission response was significantly higher in T-ALL patients with lower cortactin expression levels as compared with T-ALL patients with higher one (P≤0.001). The high cortactin and HS1 expressions were significantly predictors of CNS infiltrations (hazard ratios [HR]: 1.051, confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-1.13, P=0.04 and HR: 1.87, CI: 1.23-2.091, P=0.002, respectively) and bone marrow relapse (HR: 1.43, CI: 1.18-1.92, P=0.004 and HR: 1.07, CI: 1.01-1.24, P=0.002, respectively). Furthermore, high cortactin expression levels were associated with shorter B-ALL patients' overall survival as compared with those with lower cortactin levels (P=0.002). In conclusion, high expression of cortactin and/or HS1 at diagnosis is a bad prognostic marker of T-ALL patients' outcome. Moreover, cortactin and/or HS1 expression could be used as a biomarker for refining risk stratification of T-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Aref
- Haematology Unit, Mansoura University Oncology Centre
| | - Enas Fawzy
- Haematology Unit, Mansoura University Oncology Centre
| | - Ahmad Darwish
- Paediatric Department, Paediatric Haematology Oncology Unit
| | - Mohamed Aref
- Mansoura Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Li H, Luo Q, Shan W, Cai S, Tie R, Xu Y, Lin Y, Qian P, Huang H. Biomechanical cues as master regulators of hematopoietic stem cell fate. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:5881-5902. [PMID: 34232331 PMCID: PMC8316214 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-03882-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) perceive both soluble signals and biomechanical inputs from their microenvironment and cells themselves. Emerging as critical regulators of the blood program, biomechanical cues such as extracellular matrix stiffness, fluid mechanical stress, confined adhesiveness, and cell-intrinsic forces modulate multiple capacities of HSCs through mechanotransduction. In recent years, research has furthered the scientific community's perception of mechano-based signaling networks in the regulation of several cellular processes. However, the underlying molecular details of the biomechanical regulatory paradigm in HSCs remain poorly elucidated and researchers are still lacking in the ability to produce bona fide HSCs ex vivo for clinical use. This review presents an overview of the mechanical control of both embryonic and adult HSCs, discusses some recent insights into the mechanisms of mechanosensing and mechanotransduction, and highlights the application of mechanical cues aiming at HSC expansion or differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghu Li
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Luo
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Shan
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuyang Cai
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruxiu Tie
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Xu
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Lin
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengxu Qian
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
- Dr. Li Dak Sum & Yip Yio Chin Center for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - He Huang
- Bone Marrow Transplantation Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Zhejiang Laboratory for Systems & Precision Medicine, Zhejiang University Medical Center, Hangzhou, 310012, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
- Center of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
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Aref S, Al Agdar M, Ramez A, Abou Zeid T, Sabry M, Khaled N. Evaluation of Cortactin and HS1 Genes Expression: New Players in Adult B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic leukemia. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2021; 22:767-774. [PMID: 33773540 PMCID: PMC8286679 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2021.22.3.767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: This study aimed to assess the prognostic value of cortactin and HS1 genes expression in adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Methods: The study included a cohort of 74 adult B-ALL patients and 76 controls. Cortactin and HS1 genes expression were quantified by real time PCR. Results: The expression of cortactin and HS1 were significantly higher in B-ALL patients at diagnosis as compared to post induction levels (P<0.001) as well as normal controls (P<0.001 for all). Cox regression analysis revealed that B-ALL patients with high Cortactin expression as well as high HS1 expression had significant high risk of relapse (P=0.005; Odds ratio (OR)= 1.428, CI= [1.175-1.783]; and P=0.003; OR= 1.078, CI= [1.025-1.134]; respectively) and higher probability of deaths (P= 0.041; OR=1.092, CI =[1.002-1.04]; and P=0.005; OR=1.071, CI=[1.013-1,041]; respectively). Survival analysis revealed that B-ALL patients with high cortactin and high HS1 expression had significantly shorter OS and increased frequency of relapse as compared to those with lower expression levels (P <0.01 for all). Conclusion: High cortactin and HS1 genes expression at diagnosis denote bad clinical outcome in B-ALL patients. Assessment of correction expression at B-ALL diagnosis could be considered as risk biomarker at diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Aref
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Al Agdar
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ramez
- Medical Oncology Unit, Mansoura University Oncology Center (MUOC) Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Tarek Abou Zeid
- Hematology Unit, Mansoura University Oncology Center (MUOC), Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Sabry
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Nada Khaled
- Hematology Unit, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
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Constitutive activation of Lyn kinase enhances BCR responsiveness, but not the development of CLL in Eµ-TCL1 mice. Blood Adv 2020; 4:6106-6116. [PMID: 33351104 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) has been improved dramatically by inhibitors targeting B-cell receptor (BCR)-associated kinases. The tyrosine kinase Lyn is a key modulator of BCR signaling and shows increased expression and activity in CLL. To evaluate the functional relevance of Lyn for CLL, we generated a conditional knockin mouse model harboring a gain-of-function mutation of the Lyn gene (LynY508F), which was specifically expressed in the B-cell lineage (Lynup-B). Kinase activity profiling revealed an enhanced responsiveness to BCR stimulation in Lynup-B B cells. When crossing Lynup-B mice with Eµ-TCL1 mice (TCL1tg/wt), a transgenic mouse model for CLL, the resulting TCL1tg/wt Lynup-B mice showed no significant change of hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, bone marrow infiltration, or overall survival when compared with TCL1tg/wt mice. Our data also suggested that TCL1 expression has partially masked the effect of the Lynup-B mutation, because the BCR response was only slightly increased in TCL1tg/wt Lynup-B compared with TCL1tg/wt. In contrast, TCL1tg/wt Lynup-B were protected at various degrees against spontaneous apoptosis in vitro and upon treatment with kinase inhibitors targeting the BCR. Collectively, and consistent with our previous data in a Lyn-deficient CLL model, these data lend further suggest that an increased activation of Lyn kinase in B cells does not appear to be a major driver of leukemia progression and the level of increased BCR responsiveness induced by Lynup-B is insufficient to induce clear changes to CLL pathogenesis in vivo.
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Castellanos-Martínez R, Jiménez-Camacho KE, Schnoor M. Cortactin Expression in Hematopoietic Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:958-967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2019.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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In Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia the JAK2/STAT3 Pathway Is Constitutively Activated and Its Inhibition Leads to CLL Cell Death Unaffected by the Protective Bone Marrow Microenvironment. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11121939. [PMID: 31817171 PMCID: PMC6966457 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11121939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow microenvironment promotes proliferation and drug resistance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Although ibrutinib is active in CLL, it is rarely able to clear leukemic cells protected by bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMSCs) within the marrow niche. We investigated the modulation of JAK2/STAT3 pathway in CLL by BMSCs and its targeting with AG490 (JAK2 inhibitor) or Stattic (STAT3 inhibitor). B cells collected from controls and CLL patients, were treated with medium alone, ibrutinib, JAK/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) inhibitors, or both drugs, in the presence of absence of BMSCs. JAK2/STAT3 axis was evaluated by western blotting, flow cytometry, and confocal microscopy. We demonstrated that STAT3 was phosphorylated in Tyr705 in the majority of CLL patients at basal condition, and increased following co-cultures with BMSCs or IL-6. Treatment with AG490, but not Stattic, caused STAT3 and Lyn dephosphorylation, through re-activation of SHP-1, and triggered CLL apoptosis even when leukemic cells were cultured on BMSC layers. Moreover, while BMSCs hamper ibrutinib activity, the combination of ibrutinib+JAK/STAT inhibitors increase ibrutinib-mediated leukemic cell death, bypassing the pro-survival stimuli derived from BMSCs. We herein provide evidence that JAK2/STAT3 signaling might play a key role in the regulation of CLL-BMSC interactions and its inhibition enhances ibrutinib, counteracting the bone marrow niche.
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Velázquez-Avila M, Balandrán JC, Ramírez-Ramírez D, Velázquez-Avila M, Sandoval A, Felipe-López A, Nava P, Alvarado-Moreno JA, Dozal D, Prieto-Chávez JL, Schaks M, Rottner K, Dorantes-Acosta E, López-Martínez B, Schnoor M, Pelayo R. High cortactin expression in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is associated with increased transendothelial migration and bone marrow relapse. Leukemia 2019; 33:1337-1348. [PMID: 30573781 PMCID: PMC6756064 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0333-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a major cause of death in children worldwide, with B-lineage cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) being the most frequent childhood malignancy. Relapse, treatment failure and organ infiltration worsen the prognosis, warranting a better understanding of the implicated mechanisms. Cortactin is an actin-binding protein involved in cell adhesion and migration that is overexpressed in many solid tumors and in adult B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Here, we investigated cortactin expression and potential impact on infiltration and disease prognosis in childhood B-ALL. B-ALL cell lines and precursor cells from bone marrow (BM) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of B-ALL patients indeed overexpressed cortactin. In CXCL12-induced transendothelial migration assays, transmigrated B-ALL cells had highest cortactin expression. In xenotransplantation models, only cortactinhigh-leukemic cells infiltrated lungs, brain, and testis; and they colonized more easily hypoxic BM organoids. Importantly, cortactin-depleted B-ALL cells were significantly less efficient in transendothelial migration, organ infiltration and BM colonization. Clinical data highlighted a significant correlation between high cortactin levels and BM relapse in drug-resistant high-risk B-ALL patients. Our results emphasize the importance of cortactin in B-ALL organ infiltration and BM relapse and its potential as diagnostic tool to identify high-risk patients and optimize their treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Velázquez-Avila
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital Oncología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Delegación Puebla, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, Puebla, Mexico
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Balandrán
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital Oncología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Delegación Puebla, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, Puebla, Mexico
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Dalia Ramírez-Ramírez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital Oncología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Delegación Puebla, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, Puebla, Mexico
| | - Mirella Velázquez-Avila
- Clinica de las Leucemias y Servicios Auxiliares de Diagnóstico, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, SSA., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Antonio Sandoval
- Hospital para el Niño, Instituto Materno Infantil del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Alfonso Felipe-López
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Bioseguridad Nivel III Hospital General Naval de Alta Especialidad 04470 Coyoacán, Ciudad de, Mexico, Mexico
| | - Porfirio Nava
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Neurosciences, CINVESTAV, IPN, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - José Antonio Alvarado-Moreno
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Trombosis, Hemostasia y Aterogénesis, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - David Dozal
- Hospital para el Niño, Instituto Materno Infantil del Estado de México, Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Jessica L Prieto-Chávez
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Matthias Schaks
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, TU Braunschweig, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Klemens Rottner
- Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Zoological Institute, TU Braunschweig, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Elisa Dorantes-Acosta
- Clinica de las Leucemias y Servicios Auxiliares de Diagnóstico, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, SSA., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Briceida López-Martínez
- Clinica de las Leucemias y Servicios Auxiliares de Diagnóstico, Hospital Infantil de Mexico Federico Gómez, SSA., Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Michael Schnoor
- Department of Molecular Biomedicine, CINVESTAV-IPN, 07360, Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Rosana Pelayo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Enfermedades Oncológicas, UMAE Hospital Oncología, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Oriente, Delegación Puebla, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Metepec, Puebla, Mexico.
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Shabardina V, Kischka T, Manske F, Grundmann N, Frith MC, Suzuki Y, Makałowski W. NanoPipe-a web server for nanopore MinION sequencing data analysis. Gigascience 2019; 8:giy169. [PMID: 30689855 PMCID: PMC6377397 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giy169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The fast-moving progress of the third-generation long-read sequencing technologies will soon bring the biological and medical sciences to a new era of research. Altogether, the technique and experimental procedures are becoming more straightforward and available to biologists from diverse fields, even without any profound experience in DNA sequencing. Thus, the introduction of the MinION device by Oxford Nanopore Technologies promises to "bring sequencing technology to the masses" and also allows quick and operative analysis in field studies. However, the convenience of this sequencing technology dramatically contrasts with the available analysis tools, which may significantly reduce enthusiasm of a "regular" user. To really bring the sequencing technology to every biologist, we need a set of user-friendly tools that can perform a powerful analysis in an automatic manner. FINDINGS NanoPipe was developed in consideration of the specifics of the MinION sequencing technologies, providing accordingly adjusted alignment parameters. The range of the target species/sequences for the alignment is not limited, and the descriptive usage page of NanoPipe helps a user to succeed with NanoPipe analysis. The results contain alignment statistics, consensus sequence, polymorphisms data, and visualization of the alignment. Several test cases are used to demonstrate the efficiency of the tool. CONCLUSIONS Freely available NanoPipe software allows effortless and reliable analysis of MinION sequencing data for experienced bioinformaticians, as well for wet-lab biologists with minimum bioinformatics knowledge. Moreover, for the latter group, we describe the basic algorithm necessary for MinION sequencing analysis from the first to last step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Shabardina
- Institue of Bioinformatics, University of Muenster, Niels-Stensen-Strasse 14, Muenster, 48149, Germany
| | - Tabea Kischka
- Institue of Bioinformatics, University of Muenster, Niels-Stensen-Strasse 14, Muenster, 48149, Germany
| | - Felix Manske
- Institue of Bioinformatics, University of Muenster, Niels-Stensen-Strasse 14, Muenster, 48149, Germany
| | - Norbert Grundmann
- Institue of Bioinformatics, University of Muenster, Niels-Stensen-Strasse 14, Muenster, 48149, Germany
| | - Martin C Frith
- Artificial Intelligence Research Center, AIST, 2-3-26, Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo, 135-0064, Japan
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8562, Japan
- AIST-Waseda University Computational Bio Big Data Open Innovation Laboratory, 3-4-1 Ookubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 169-8555, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Laboratory of Systems Genomics, Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba, 277-8562, Japan
| | - Wojciech Makałowski
- Institue of Bioinformatics, University of Muenster, Niels-Stensen-Strasse 14, Muenster, 48149, Germany
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Hasan MK, Rassenti L, Widhopf GF, Yu J, Kipps TJ. Wnt5a causes ROR1 to complex and activate cortactin to enhance migration of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Leukemia 2018; 33:653-661. [PMID: 30568170 PMCID: PMC6462876 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0306-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells (CLL) migrate between the blood and lymphoid tissues in response to chemokines. Such migration requires structured cytoskeletal-actin polymerization, which may involve the protein cortactin. We discovered that treatment of CLL cells with Wnt5a causes Receptor tyosin kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1) to bind cortactin, which undergoes tyrosine phosphorylation at Y421, recruits ARHGEF1, and activates RhoA, thereby enhancing leukemia-cell migration; such effects could be inhibited by cirmtuzumab, a humanized mAb specific for ROR1. We transfected the CLL-cell-line MEC1 with either full-length ROR1 or various mutant forms of ROR1 to examine the structural features required for binding cortactin. We found that the proline-rich domain (PRD) was necessary for ROR1 to recruit cortactin. We generated MEC1 cells that each expressed a mutant form of ROR1 with a single amino-acid substitution of alanine (A) for proline (P) in potential SH3-binding sites in the ROR1-PRD at positions 784, 808, 826, 841, or 850. In contrast to wild-type ROR1, or other ROR1P=>A mutants, ROR1P(841)A failed to complex with cortactin or ARHGEF1 in response to Wnt5a. Moreover, Wnt5a could not induce MEC1-ROR1P(841)A to phosphorylate cortactin or enhance CLL-cell F-actin polymerization. Taken together, these studies show that cortactin plays an important role in ROR1-dependent Wnt5a-enhanced CLL-cell migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Kamrul Hasan
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura Rassenti
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - George F Widhopf
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jian Yu
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Thomas J Kipps
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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16
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Koya Y, Liu W, Yamakita Y, Senga T, Shibata K, Yamashita M, Nawa A, Kikkawa F, Kajiyama H. Hematopoietic lineage cell-specific protein 1 (HS1), a hidden player in migration, invasion, and tumor formation, is over-expressed in ovarian carcinoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:32609-32623. [PMID: 30220969 PMCID: PMC6135686 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic lineage cell-specific protein 1 (HS1), which is the hematopoietic homolog of cortactin, is an actin-binding protein and Lyn substrate. It is upregulated in several cancers and its expression level is associated with increased cell migration, metastasis, and poor prognosis. Here we investigated the expression and roles of HS1 in ovarian carcinoma cells. We analyzed the expression of HS1 in 171 ovarian cancer specimens and determined the association between HS1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics, including patient outcomes. In patients with stage II-IV disease, positive HS1 expression was associated with significantly worse overall survival than negative expression (P < 0.05). HS1 was localized in invadopodia in some ovarian cancer cells and was required for invadopodia formation. Migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cells were suppressed by down-regulation of HS1, but increased in cells that over-expressed exogenous HS1. Furthermore, ovarian cancer cells that expressed HS1 shRNA exhibited reduced tumor formation in a mouse xenograft model. Finally, we found that tyrosine phosphorylation of HS1 was essential for cell migration and invasion. These findings show that HS1 is a useful biomarker for the prognosis of patients with ovarian carcinoma and is a critical regulator of cytoskeleton remodeling involved in cell migration and invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Koya
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.,Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Wenting Liu
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.,Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Yamakita
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.,Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Kiyosumi Shibata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fujita Health University, Banbuntane Hotokukai Hospital, Nakagawa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mamoru Yamashita
- Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nawa
- Bell Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Collaborative Research, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.,Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan
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17
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Martini V, Frezzato F, Severin F, Raggi F, Trimarco V, Martinello L, Molfetta R, Visentin A, Facco M, Semenzato G, Paolini R, Trentin L. Abnormal regulation of BCR signalling by c-Cbl in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia. Oncotarget 2018; 9:32219-32231. [PMID: 30181811 PMCID: PMC6114956 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities of molecules involved in signal transduction pathways are connected to Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) pathogenesis and a critical role has been already ascribed to B-Cell Receptor (BCR)-Lyn axis. E3 ubiquitin ligase c-Cbl, working together with adapter protein CIN85, controls the degradation of protein kinases involved in BCR signaling. To investigate cell homeostasis in CLL, we studied c-Cbl since in normal B cells it is involved in the ubiquitin-dependent Lyn degradation and in the down-regulation of BCR signaling. We found that c-Cbl is overexpressed and not ubiquitinated after BCR engagement. We observed that c-Cbl did not associate to CIN85 in CLL with respect to normal B cells at steady state, nor following BCR engagement. c-Cbl association to Lyn was not detectable in CLL after BCR stimulation, as it happens in normal B cells. In some CLL patients, c-Cbl is constitutively phosphorylated at Y731 and in the same subjects, it associated to regulatory subunit p85 of PI3K. Moreover, c-Cbl is constitutive associated to Cortactin in those CLL patients presenting Cortactin overexpression and bad prognosis. These results support the hypothesis that c-Cbl, rather than E3 ligase activity, could have an adaptor function in turn influencing cell homeostasis in CLL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Martini
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University School of Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, VIMM, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Frezzato
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University School of Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, VIMM, Padua, Italy
| | - Filippo Severin
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University School of Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, VIMM, Padua, Italy
| | - Flavia Raggi
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University School of Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, VIMM, Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Trimarco
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University School of Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, VIMM, Padua, Italy
| | - Leonardo Martinello
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University School of Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, VIMM, Padua, Italy
| | - Rosa Molfetta
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Visentin
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University School of Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, VIMM, Padua, Italy
| | - Monica Facco
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University School of Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, VIMM, Padua, Italy
| | - Gianpietro Semenzato
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University School of Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, VIMM, Padua, Italy
| | - Rossella Paolini
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of La Sapienza, Rome, Italy
| | - Livio Trentin
- Department of Medicine, Hematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, University School of Medicine, Padua, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, VIMM, Padua, Italy
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18
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Abstract
Cancer metastasis is defined as the dissemination of malignant cells from the primary tumor site, leading to colonization of distant organs and the establishment of a secondary tumor. Metastasis is frequently associated with chemoresistance and is the major cause of cancer-related mortality. Metastatic cells need to acquire the ability to resist to stresses provided by different environments, such as reactive oxygen species, shear stress, hemodynamic forces, stromal composition, and immune responses, to colonize other tissues. Hence, only a small population of cells has a metastasis-initiating potential. Several studies have revealed the misregulation of transcriptional variants during cancer progression, and many splice events can be used to distinguish between normal and tumoral tissue. These variants, which are abnormally expressed in malignant cells, contribute to an adaptive response of tumor cells and the success of the metastatic cascade, promoting an anomalous cell cycle, cellular adhesion, resistance to death, cell survival, migration and invasion. Understanding the different aspects of splicing regulation and the influence of transcriptional variants that control metastatic cells is critical for the development of therapeutic strategies. In this review, we describe how transcriptional variants contribute to metastatic competence and discuss how targeting specific isoforms may be a promising therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joice De Faria Poloni
- a Centro de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
| | - Diego Bonatto
- a Centro de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Departamento de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia , Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul , Porto Alegre , RS , Brazil
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19
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Bertier L, Hebbrecht T, Mettepenningen E, De Wit N, Zwaenepoel O, Verhelle A, Gettemans J. Nanobodies targeting cortactin proline rich, helical and actin binding regions downregulate invadopodium formation and matrix degradation in SCC-61 cancer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:230-241. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
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20
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Mesenchymal stem cells enhance tumorigenic properties of human glioblastoma through independent cell-cell communication mechanisms. Oncotarget 2018; 9:24766-24777. [PMID: 29872504 PMCID: PMC5973871 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) display tumor tropism and have been addressed as vehicles for delivery of anti-cancer agents. As cellular components of the tumor microenvironment, MSC also influence tumor progression. However, the contribution of MSC in brain cancer is not well understood since either oncogenic or tumor suppressor effects have been reported for these cells. Here, MSC were found capable of stimulating human Glioblastoma (GBM) cell proliferation through a paracrine effect mediated by TGFB1. Moreover, when in direct cell-cell contact with GBM cells, MSC elicited an increased proliferative and invasive tumor cell behavior under 3D conditions, as well as accelerated tumor development in nude mice, independently of paracrine TGFB1. A secretome profiling of MSC-GBM co-cultures identified 126 differentially expressed proteins and 10 proteins exclusively detected under direct cell-cell contact conditions. Most of these proteins are exosome cargos and are involved in cell motility and tissue development. These results indicate a dynamic interaction between MSC and GBM cells, favoring aggressive tumor cell traits through alternative and independent mechanisms. Overall, these findings indicate that MSC may exert pro-tumorigenic effects when in close contact with tumor cells, which must be carefully considered when employing MSC in targeted cell therapy protocols against cancer.
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21
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Liu W, Kajiyama H, Shibata K, Koya Y, Senga T, Kikkawa F. Hematopoietic lineage cell-specific protein 1 immunoreactivity indicates an increased risk of poor overall survival in patients with ovarian carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:9406-9412. [PMID: 29805664 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hematopoietic lineage cell-specific protein 1 (HS1) is a 75-kDa intracellular protein that is expressed primarily in hematopoietic cells. Several previous studies have demonstrated the association between HS1 expression and a poor prognosis in hematopoietic malignancies; however, in solid tumors, no studies not been reported. The present study examined the distribution and expression of HS1 in human epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) to determine its clinical significance. Paraffin sections were obtained from EOC tissues and immunostained with HS1 antibody, and then the staining intensities were evaluated. Overall survival (OS) was determined using the Kaplan-Meier estimator method, and multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazards analysis. In total, 195 patients with EOC (median age, 56 years) were enrolled into the present study. HS1 immunoreactivity was categorized based on expression levels: Low (89/195; 45.6%) and high (106/195; 54.4%). Results demonstrated no association between expression level(s) and any clinicopathological parameter including age, International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging, type of chemotherapy or type of surgery received. The 5-year OS rates of patients who demonstrated low (n=89) and high (n=106) HS1 expression were 90.4 and 66.7%, respectively. The OS times for patients with high HS1 expression were significantly shorter compared with those for patients exhibiting low HS1 expression (P=0.0065). Results obtained from the multivariate analysis demonstrated that the FIGO stage and the amount of HS1 expressed were significant independent prognostic markers for poorer OS (hazard ratio, 3.539; 95% confidence interval, 1.221-12.811; P=0.0187). High HS1 expression levels may serve as a useful biomarker in patients with EOC who are likely to exhibit an unfavorable clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenting Liu
- Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kajiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Kiyosumi Shibata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Koya
- Bell Research Center for Reproductive Health and Cancer, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Takeshi Senga
- Division of Cancer Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan
| | - Fumitaka Kikkawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi 4668550, Japan
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22
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Siveen KS, Prabhu KS, Achkar IW, Kuttikrishnan S, Shyam S, Khan AQ, Merhi M, Dermime S, Uddin S. Role of Non Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Hematological Malignances and its Targeting by Natural Products. Mol Cancer 2018; 17:31. [PMID: 29455667 PMCID: PMC5817858 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0788-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosine kinases belong to a family of enzymes that mediate the movement of the phosphate group to tyrosine residues of target protein, thus transmitting signals from the cell surface to cytoplasmic proteins and the nucleus to regulate physiological processes. Non-receptor tyrosine kinases (NRTK) are a sub-group of tyrosine kinases, which can relay intracellular signals originating from extracellular receptor. NRTKs can regulate a huge array of cellular functions such as cell survival, division/propagation and adhesion, gene expression, immune response, etc. NRTKs exhibit considerable variability in their structural make up, having a shared kinase domain and commonly possessing many other domains such as SH2, SH3 which are protein-protein interacting domains. Recent studies show that NRTKs are mutated in several hematological malignancies, including lymphomas, leukemias and myelomas, leading to aberrant activation. It can be due to point mutations which are intragenic changes or by fusion of genes leading to chromosome translocation. Mutations that lead to constitutive kinase activity result in the formation of oncogenes, such as Abl, Fes, Src, etc. Therefore, specific kinase inhibitors have been sought after to target mutated kinases. A number of compounds have since been discovered, which have shown to inhibit the activity of NRTKs, which are remarkably well tolerated. This review covers the role of various NRTKs in the development of hematological cancers, including their deregulation, genetic alterations, aberrant activation and associated mutations. In addition, it also looks at the recent advances in the development of novel natural compounds that can target NRTKs and perhaps in combination with other forms of therapy can show great promise for the treatment of hematological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kodappully S Siveen
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Kirti S Prabhu
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Iman W Achkar
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Shilpa Kuttikrishnan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Sunitha Shyam
- Medical Research Center, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Abdul Q Khan
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Maysaloun Merhi
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Said Dermime
- Translational Cancer Research Facility, National Center for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, State of Qatar
| | - Shahab Uddin
- Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, PO Box 3050, Doha, State of Qatar.
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23
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Cortactin: Cell Functions of A Multifaceted Actin-Binding Protein. Trends Cell Biol 2018; 28:79-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2017.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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24
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Abstract
Actin remodeling plays an essential role in diverse cellular processes such as cell motility, vesicle trafficking or cytokinesis. The scaffold protein and actin nucleation promoting factor Cortactin is present in virtually all actin-based structures, participating in the formation of branched actin networks. It has been involved in the control of endocytosis, and vesicle trafficking, axon guidance and organization, as well as adhesion, migration and invasion. To migrate and invade through three-dimensional environments, cells have developed specialized actin-based structures called invadosomes, a generic term to designate invadopodia and podosomes. Cortactin has emerged as a critical regulator of invadosome formation, function and disassembly. Underscoring this role, Cortactin is frequently overexpressed in several types of invasive cancers. Herein we will review the roles played by Cortactin in these specific invasive structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Jeannot
- CRCT INSERM UMR1037, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier , CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France.,Cell Signalling Group, Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute, The University of Manchester , Manchester M20 4BX, UK
| | - Arnaud Besson
- CRCT INSERM UMR1037, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier , CNRS ERL5294, Toulouse, France.,LBCMCP , Centre de Biologie Intégrative, Université de Toulouse , CNRS, UPS, Toulouse Cedex, France
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25
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Röselová P, Obr A, Holoubek A, Grebeňová D, Kuželová K. Adhesion structures in leukemia cells and their regulation by Src family kinases. Cell Adh Migr 2017; 12:286-298. [PMID: 28678601 DOI: 10.1080/19336918.2017.1344796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Interaction of leukemia blasts with the bone marrow extracellular matrix often results in protection of leukemia cells from chemotherapy and in persistence of the residual disease which is on the basis of subsequent relapses. The adhesion signaling pathways have been extensively studied in adherent cells as well as in mature haematopoietic cells, but the adhesion structures and signaling in haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, either normal or malignant, are much less explored. We analyzed the interaction of leukemia cells with fibronectin (FN) using interference reflection microscopy, immunofluorescence, measurement of adherent cell fraction, real-time microimpedance measurement and live cell imaging. We found that leukemia cells form very dynamic adhesion structures similar to early stages of focal adhesions. In contrast to adherent cells, where Src family kinases (SFK) belong to important regulators of focal adhesion dynamics, we observed only minor effects of SFK inhibitor dasatinib on leukemia cell binding to FN. The relatively weak involvement of SFK in adhesion structure regulation might be associated with the lack of cytoskeletal mechanical tension in leukemia cells. On the other hand, active Lyn kinase was found to specifically localize to leukemia cell adhesion structures and a less firm cell attachment to FN was often associated with higher Lyn activity (this unexpectedly occurred also after cell treatment with the inhibitor SKI-1). Lyn thus may be important for signaling from integrin-associated complexes to other processes in leukemia cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Röselová
- a Department of Proteomics , Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion , U Nemocnice 1, Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Adam Obr
- a Department of Proteomics , Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion , U Nemocnice 1, Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Aleš Holoubek
- a Department of Proteomics , Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion , U Nemocnice 1, Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Dana Grebeňová
- a Department of Proteomics , Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion , U Nemocnice 1, Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Kuželová
- a Department of Proteomics , Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion , U Nemocnice 1, Prague , Czech Republic
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26
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Martini V, Gattazzo C, Frezzato F, Trimarco V, Pizzi M, Chiodin G, Severin F, Scomazzon E, Guzzardo V, Saraggi D, Raggi F, Martinello L, Facco M, Visentin A, Piazza F, Brunati AM, Semenzato G, Trentin L. Cortactin, a Lyn substrate, is a checkpoint molecule at the intersection of BCR and CXCR4 signalling pathway in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells. Br J Haematol 2017; 178:81-93. [PMID: 28419476 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.14642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cortactin (CTTN) is a substrate of the Src kinase Lyn that is known to play an actin cytoskeletal regulatory role involved in cell migration and cancer progression following its phosphorylation at Y421. We recently demonstrated that Cortactin is overexpressed in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). This work was aimed at defining the functional role of Cortactin in these patients. We found that Cortactin is variably expressed in CLL patients both in the peripheral blood and lymph nodes and that its expression correlates with the release of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and the motility of neoplastic cells. Cortactin knockdown, by siRNA, induced a reduction in MMP-9 release as well as a decrease of migration capability of leukaemic B cells in vitro, also after chemotactic stimulus. Furthermore, Cortactin phosphorylation was lowered by the Src kinase-inhibitor PP2 with a consequent decrease of MMP-9 release in culture medium. An impaired migration, as compared to control experiments without Cortactin knockdown, was observed following CXCL12 triggering. Reduced Cortactin expression and phosphorylation were also detected both in vivo and in vitro after treatment with Ibrutinib, a Btk inhibitor. Our results highlight the role of Cortactin in CLL as a check-point molecule between the BCR and CXCR4 signalling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Martini
- Department of Medicine, Haematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Cristina Gattazzo
- Department of Medicine, Haematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Federica Frezzato
- Department of Medicine, Haematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Valentina Trimarco
- Department of Medicine, Haematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Pizzi
- Department of Medicine, General Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgia Chiodin
- Department of Medicine, Haematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Filippo Severin
- Department of Medicine, Haematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Edoardo Scomazzon
- Department of Medicine, Haematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Vincenza Guzzardo
- Department of Medicine, General Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Deborah Saraggi
- Department of Medicine, General Pathology and Cytopathology Unit, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Flavia Raggi
- Department of Medicine, Haematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Leonardo Martinello
- Department of Medicine, Haematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Monica Facco
- Department of Medicine, Haematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Visentin
- Department of Medicine, Haematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesco Piazza
- Department of Medicine, Haematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Gianpietro Semenzato
- Department of Medicine, Haematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Livio Trentin
- Department of Medicine, Haematology and Clinical Immunology Branch, Padua University School of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine (VIMM), University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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27
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Nguyen PH, Fedorchenko O, Rosen N, Koch M, Barthel R, Winarski T, Florin A, Wunderlich FT, Reinart N, Hallek M. LYN Kinase in the Tumor Microenvironment Is Essential for the Progression of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia. Cancer Cell 2016; 30:610-622. [PMID: 27728807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2016.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 05/16/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Survival of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells strictly depends on the support of an appropriate tumor microenvironment. Here, we demonstrate that LYN kinase is essential for CLL progression. Lyn deficiency results in a significantly reduced CLL burden in vivo. Loss of Lyn within leukemic cells reduces B cell receptor (BCR) signaling including BTK phosphorylation, but surprisingly does not affect leukemic cell expansion. Instead, syngeneic CLL transplantation of CLL cells into Lyn- or Btk-deficient recipients results in a strongly delayed leukemic progression and prolonged survival. Moreover, Lyn deficiency in macrophages hinders nursing functions for CLL cells, which is mediated by direct contact rather than secretion of soluble factors. Taken together, LYN and BTK seem essential for the formation of a microenvironment supporting leukemic growth.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Cell Proliferation/physiology
- Disease Progression
- Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/enzymology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/genetics
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Mice
- Signal Transduction
- Tumor Microenvironment
- src-Family Kinases/genetics
- src-Family Kinases/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong-Hien Nguyen
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, CECAD Center of Excellence on "Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases", University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Oleg Fedorchenko
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, CECAD Center of Excellence on "Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases", University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Natascha Rosen
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, CECAD Center of Excellence on "Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases", University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Maximilian Koch
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, CECAD Center of Excellence on "Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases", University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Romy Barthel
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, CECAD Center of Excellence on "Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases", University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Tomasz Winarski
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, CECAD Center of Excellence on "Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases", University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Alexandra Florin
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - F Thomas Wunderlich
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research; Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Nina Reinart
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, CECAD Center of Excellence on "Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases", University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Hallek
- Department I of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Cologne, Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne-Bonn, CECAD Center of Excellence on "Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases", University of Cologne, 50931 Cologne, Germany.
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Genome-wide studies identify a novel interplay between AML1 and AML1/ETO in t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 2015; 127:233-42. [PMID: 26546158 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2015-03-626671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The AML1/ETO fusion protein is essential to the development of t(8;21) acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and is well recognized for its dominant-negative effect on the coexisting wild-type protein AML1. However, the genome-wide interplay between AML1/ETO and wild-type AML1 remains elusive in the leukemogenesis of t(8;21) AML. Through chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing and computational analysis, followed by a series of experimental validations, we report here that wild-type AML1 is able to orchestrate the expression of AML1/ETO targets regardless of being activated or repressed; this is achieved via forming a complex with AML1/ETO and via recruiting the cofactor AP-1 on chromatin. On chromatin occupancy, AML1/ETO and wild-type AML1 largely overlap and preferentially bind to adjacent and distinct short and long AML1 motifs on the colocalized regions, respectively. On physical interaction, AML1/ETO can form a complex with wild-type AML1 on chromatin, and the runt homology domain of both proteins are responsible for their interactions. More importantly, the relative binding signals of AML1 and AML1/ETO on chromatin determine which genes are repressed or activated by AML1/ETO. Further analysis of coregulators indicates that AML1/ETO transactivates gene expression through recruiting AP-1 to the AML1/ETO-AML1 complex. These findings enrich our knowledge of understanding the significance of the interplay between the wild-type protein and the oncogenic fusion protein in the development of leukemia.
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Passaro D, Irigoyen M, Catherinet C, Gachet S, Da Costa De Jesus C, Lasgi C, Tran Quang C, Ghysdael J. CXCR4 Is Required for Leukemia-Initiating Cell Activity in T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Cancer Cell 2015; 27:769-79. [PMID: 26058076 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 04/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Impaired cell migration has been demonstrated in T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cells upon calcineurin inactivation, among other phenotypic traits including increased apoptosis, inhibition of cell proliferation, and ultimately inhibition of leukemia-initiating cell (LIC) activity. Herein we demonstrate that the chemokine receptor CXCR4 is essential to the LIC activity of T-ALL leukemic cells both in NOTCH-induced mouse T-ALL and human T-ALL xenograft models. We further demonstrate that calcineurin regulates CXCR4 cell-surface expression in a cortactin-dependent manner, a mechanism essential to the migratory properties of T-ALL cells. Because 20%-25% of pediatric and over 50% of adult patients with T-ALL do not achieve complete remission and relapse, our results call for clinical trials incorporating CXCR4 antagonists in T-ALL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Passaro
- Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 3306, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1005, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France.
| | - Marta Irigoyen
- Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 3306, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1005, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Claire Catherinet
- Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 3306, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1005, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Stéphanie Gachet
- Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 3306, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1005, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Cindy Da Costa De Jesus
- Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 3306, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1005, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Charlène Lasgi
- Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 3306, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1005, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Christine Tran Quang
- Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 3306, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1005, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Jacques Ghysdael
- Institut Curie, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 3306, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unité 1005, Centre Universitaire, Bat 110, 91405 Orsay, France.
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30
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Induced transcription and stability of CELF2 mRNA drives widespread alternative splicing during T-cell signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:E2139-48. [PMID: 25870297 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1423695112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in several cell types have highlighted dramatic and diverse changes in mRNA processing that occur upon cellular stimulation. However, the mechanisms and pathways that lead to regulated changes in mRNA processing remain poorly understood. Here we demonstrate that expression of the splicing factor CELF2 (CUGBP, Elav-like family member 2) is regulated in response to T-cell signaling through combined increases in transcription and mRNA stability. Transcriptional induction occurs within 6 h of stimulation and is dependent on activation of NF-κB. Subsequently, there is an increase in the stability of the CELF2 mRNA that correlates with a change in CELF2 3'UTR length and contributes to the total signal-induced enhancement of CELF2 expression. Importantly, we uncover dozens of splicing events in cultured T cells whose changes upon stimulation are dependent on CELF2 expression, and provide evidence that CELF2 controls a similar proportion of splicing events during human thymic T-cell development. Taken together, these findings expand the physiologic impact of CELF2 beyond that previously documented in developing neuronal and muscle cells to T-cell development and function, identify unappreciated instances of alternative splicing in the human thymus, and uncover novel mechanisms for CELF2 regulation that may broadly impact CELF2 expression across diverse cell types.
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