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Lu Y, Ma WB, Ren GM, Li YT, Wang T, Zhan YQ, Xiang SS, Chen H, Gao HY, Zhao K, Yu M, Li CY, Yang XM, Yin RH. GPS2 promotes erythroid differentiation in K562 erythroleukemia cells primarily via NCOR1. Int J Hematol 2024; 120:157-166. [PMID: 38814500 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-024-03797-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
G protein pathway suppressor 2 (GPS2) has been shown to play a pivotal role in human and mouse definitive erythropoiesis in an EKLF-dependent manner. However, whether GPS2 affects human primitive erythropoiesis is still unknown. This study demonstrated that GPS2 positively regulates erythroid differentiation in K562 cells, which have a primitive erythroid phenotype. Overexpression of GPS2 promoted hemin-induced hemoglobin synthesis in K562 cells as assessed by the increased percentage of benzidine-positive cells and the deeper red coloration of the cell pellets. In contrast, knockdown of GPS2 inhibited hemin-induced erythroid differentiation of K562 cells. GPS2 overexpression also enhanced erythroid differentiation of K562 cells induced by cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C). GPS2 induced hemoglobin synthesis by increasing the expression of globin and ALAS2 genes, either under steady state or upon hemin treatment. Promotion of erythroid differentiation of K562 cells by GPS2 mainly relies on NCOR1, as knockdown of NCOR1 or lack of the NCOR1-binding domain of GPS2 potently diminished the promotive effect. Thus, our study revealed a previously unknown role of GPS2 in regulating human primitive erythropoiesis in K562 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Lu
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Wen-Bing Ma
- Institute of Health Service and Transfusion Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Guang-Ming Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ya-Ting Li
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yi-Qun Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Shen-Si Xiang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Hui-Ying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Miao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Chang-Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xiao-Ming Yang
- College of Life Science and Bioengineering, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, 100124, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
| | - Rong-Hua Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, National Center for Protein Sciences (Beijing), Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 100850, China.
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Tazhitdinova R, Cristiano S, Yi J, Zhurov V, DeKoter RP, Timoshenko AV. Expression and secretion of galectin-12 in the context of neutrophilic differentiation of human promyeloblastic HL-60 cells. J Cell Physiol 2024; 239:e31288. [PMID: 38685860 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Galectin-12 is a tissue-specific galectin that has been largely defined by its role in the regulation of adipocyte differentiation and lipogenesis. This study aimed to evaluate the role of galectin-12 in the differentiation and polarization of neutrophils within a model of acute myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells. All-trans retinoic acid and dimethyl sulfoxide were used to induce differentiation of HL-60 cells which led to the generation of two phenotypes of neutrophil-like cells with opposite changes in galectin-12 gene (LGALS12) expression and different functional responses to N-formyl- l-methionyl- l-leucyl- l-phenylalanine. These phenotypes showed significant differences of differentially expressed genes on a global scale based on bioinformatics analysis of available Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) data sets. We also demonstrated that HL-60 cells could secrete and accumulate galectin-12 in cell culture medium under normal growth conditions. This secretion was found to be entirely inhibited upon neutrophilic differentiation and was accompanied by an increase in intracellular lipid droplet content and significant enrichment of 22 lipid gene ontology terms related to lipid metabolism in differentiated cells. These findings suggest that galectin-12 could serve as a marker of neutrophilic plasticity or polarization into different phenotypes and that galectin-12 secretion may be influenced by lipid droplet biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rada Tazhitdinova
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sara Cristiano
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joshua Yi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vladimir Zhurov
- Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rodney P DeKoter
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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3
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Baba T, Tomaru U, Hirao A, Mukaida N, Johmura Y. Autophagy Inhibition-induced Cytosolic DNA Sensing Combined with Differentiation Therapy Induces Irreversible Myeloid Differentiation in Leukemia Cells. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 4:849-860. [PMID: 38466568 PMCID: PMC10953625 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-23-0507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence indicates that various oncogenic mutations interfere with normal myeloid differentiation of leukemogenic cells during the early process of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) development. Differentiation therapy is a therapeutic strategy capable of terminating leukemic expansion by reactivating the differentiation potential; however, the plasticity and instability of leukemia cells counteract the establishment of treatments aimed at irreversibly inducing and maintaining their differentiation states. On the basis of our previous observation that autophagy inhibitor treatment induces the accumulation of cytosolic DNA and activation of cytosolic DNA-sensor signaling selectively in leukemia cells, we herein examined the synergistic effect of cytosolic DNA-sensor signaling activation with conventional differentiation therapy on AML. The combined treatment succeeded in inducing irreversible differentiation in AML cell lines. Mechanistically, cytosolic DNA was sensed by absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), a cytosolic DNA sensor. Activation of the AIM2 inflammasome resulted in the accumulation of p21 through the inhibition of its proteasomal degradation, thereby facilitating the myeloid differentiation. Importantly, the combined therapy dramatically reduced the total leukemia cell counts and proportion of blast cells in the spleens of AML mice. Collectively, these findings indicate that the autophagy inhibition-cytosolic DNA-sensor signaling axis can potentiate AML differentiation therapy. SIGNIFICANCE Clinical effects on AML therapy are closely associated with reactivating the normal myeloid differentiation potential in leukemia cells. This study shows that autophagosome formation inhibitors activate the cytosolic DNA-sensor signaling, thereby augmenting conventional differentiation therapy to induce irreversible differentiation and cell growth arrest in several types of AML cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Baba
- Division of Cancer and Senescence Biology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Utano Tomaru
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hirao
- Division of Molecular Genetics, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa, Japan
- Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Naofumi Mukaida
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Yoshikazu Johmura
- Division of Cancer and Senescence Biology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
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4
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Gabellier L, De Toledo M, Chakraborty M, Akl D, Hallal R, Aqrouq M, Buonocore G, Recasens-Zorzo C, Cartron G, Delort A, Piechaczyk M, Tempé D, Bossis G. SUMOylation inhibitor TAK-981 (subasumstat) synergizes with 5-azacytidine in preclinical models of acute myeloid leukemia. Haematologica 2024; 109:98-114. [PMID: 37608777 PMCID: PMC10772526 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2023.282704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemias (AML) are severe hematomalignancies with dismal prognosis. The post-translational modification SUMOylation plays key roles in leukemogenesis and AML response to therapies. Here, we show that TAK-981 (subasumstat), a first-in-class SUMOylation inhibitor, is endowed with potent anti-leukemic activity in various preclinical models of AML. TAK-981 targets AML cell lines and patient blast cells in vitro and in vivo in xenografted mice with minimal toxicity on normal hematopoietic cells. Moreover, it synergizes with 5-azacytidine (AZA), a DNA-hypomethylating agent now used in combination with the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax to treat AML patients unfit for standard chemotherapies. Interestingly, TAK-981+AZA combination shows higher anti-leukemic activity than AZA+venetoclax combination both in vitro and in vivo, at least in the models tested. Mechanistically, TAK-981 potentiates the transcriptional reprogramming induced by AZA, promoting apoptosis, alteration of the cell cycle and differentiation of the leukemic cells. In addition, TAK-981+AZA treatment induces many genes linked to inflammation and immune response pathways. In particular, this leads to the secretion of type-I interferon by AML cells. Finally, TAK-981+AZA induces the expression of natural killer-activating ligands (MICA/B) and adhesion proteins (ICAM-1) at the surface of AML cells. Consistently, TAK-981+AZA-treated AML cells activate natural killer cells and increase their cytotoxic activity. Targeting SUMOylation with TAK-981 may thus be a promising strategy to both sensitize AML cells to AZA and reduce their immune-escape capacities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovic Gabellier
- IGMM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Service d'Hématologie Clinique, CHU de Montpellier, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier
| | | | | | - Dana Akl
- IGMM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier
| | | | | | | | | | - Guillaume Cartron
- IGMM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, Montpellier, France; Service d'Hématologie Clinique, CHU de Montpellier, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, 34091 Montpellier
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5
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Isobe T, Kucinski I, Barile M, Wang X, Hannah R, Bastos HP, Chabra S, Vijayabaskar MS, Sturgess KHM, Williams MJ, Giotopoulos G, Marando L, Li J, Rak J, Gozdecka M, Prins D, Shepherd MS, Watcham S, Green AR, Kent DG, Vassiliou GS, Huntly BJP, Wilson NK, Göttgens B. Preleukemic single-cell landscapes reveal mutation-specific mechanisms and gene programs predictive of AML patient outcomes. CELL GENOMICS 2023; 3:100426. [PMID: 38116120 PMCID: PMC10726426 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2023.100426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myeloid neoplasms develop through acquisition of somatic mutations that confer mutation-specific fitness advantages to hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. However, our understanding of mutational effects remains limited to the resolution attainable within immunophenotypically and clinically accessible bulk cell populations. To decipher heterogeneous cellular fitness to preleukemic mutational perturbations, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of eight different mouse models with driver mutations of myeloid malignancies, generating 269,048 single-cell profiles. Our analysis infers mutation-driven perturbations in cell abundance, cellular lineage fate, cellular metabolism, and gene expression at the continuous resolution, pinpointing cell populations with transcriptional alterations associated with differentiation bias. We further develop an 11-gene scoring system (Stem11) on the basis of preleukemic transcriptional signatures that predicts AML patient outcomes. Our results demonstrate that a single-cell-resolution deep characterization of preleukemic biology has the potential to enhance our understanding of AML heterogeneity and inform more effective risk stratification strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Isobe
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Iwo Kucinski
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Melania Barile
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xiaonan Wang
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rebecca Hannah
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Hugo P Bastos
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Shirom Chabra
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - M S Vijayabaskar
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katherine H M Sturgess
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Matthew J Williams
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - George Giotopoulos
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ludovica Marando
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Juan Li
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Justyna Rak
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Hematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Malgorzata Gozdecka
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Hematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Daniel Prins
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mairi S Shepherd
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sam Watcham
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anthony R Green
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David G Kent
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, York, UK
| | - George S Vassiliou
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Hematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Brian J P Huntly
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicola K Wilson
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, Department of Hematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
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6
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Smoljo T, Tomic B, Lalic H, Dembitz V, Batinic J, Bedalov A, Visnjic D. Bone marrow stromal cells reduce low-dose cytarabine-induced differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1258151. [PMID: 37954840 PMCID: PMC10637411 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1258151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-dose cytarabine (LDAC) is a standard therapy for elderly acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients unfit for intensive chemotherapy. While high doses of cytarabine induce cytotoxicity, the precise mechanism of action of LDAC in AML remains elusive. In vitro studies have demonstrated LDAC-induced differentiation; however, such differentiation is seldom observed in vivo. We hypothesize that this discrepancy may be attributed to the influence of bone marrow (BM) stromal cells on AML cells. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the impact of BM stromal cells on LDAC-induced differentiation of AML cell lines and primary samples. Our results demonstrate that the presence of MS-5 stromal cells prevented LDAC-induced cell cycle arrest, DNA damage signaling and differentiation of U937 and MOLM-13 cell lines. Although transcriptomic analysis revealed that the stroma reduces the expression of genes involved in cytokine signaling and oxidative stress, data obtained with pharmacological inhibitors and neutralizing antibodies did not support the role for CXCL12, TGF-β1 or reactive oxygen species. The presence of stromal cells reduces LDAC-induced differentiation in primary samples from AML-M4 and myelodysplastic syndrome/AML patients. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that BM stroma reduces differentiation of AML induced by LDAC. These findings provide insights into the limited occurrence of terminal differentiation observed in AML patients, and suggest a potential explanation for this observation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomislav Smoljo
- Laboratory for Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Barbara Tomic
- Laboratory for Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Hrvoje Lalic
- Laboratory for Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vilma Dembitz
- Laboratory for Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Josip Batinic
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Antonio Bedalov
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Centre, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Dora Visnjic
- Laboratory for Cell Biology, Department of Physiology, Croatian Institute for Brain Research, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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7
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Mai Y, Su J, Yang C, Xia C, Fu L. The strategies to cure cancer patients by eradicating cancer stem-like cells. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:171. [PMID: 37853413 PMCID: PMC10583358 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01867-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), a subpopulation of cancer cells, possess remarkable capability in proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation. Their presence is recognized as a crucial factor contributing to tumor progression and metastasis. CSCs have garnered significant attention as a therapeutic focus and an etiologic root of treatment-resistant cells. Increasing evidence indicated that specific biomarkers, aberrant activated pathways, immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), and immunoevasion are considered the culprits in the occurrence of CSCs and the maintenance of CSCs properties including multi-directional differentiation. Targeting CSC biomarkers, stemness-associated pathways, TME, immunoevasion and inducing CSCs differentiation improve CSCs eradication and, therefore, cancer treatment. This review comprehensively summarized these targeted therapies, along with their current status in clinical trials. By exploring and implementing strategies aimed at eradicating CSCs, researchers aim to improve cancer treatment outcomes and overcome the challenges posed by CSC-mediated therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yansui Mai
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiyan Su
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Chenglai Xia
- Affiliated Foshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Liwu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine; Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
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8
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Poohadsuan J, O'Doherty GA, Owattanapanich W, Kungwankiattichai S, Rojanasakul Y, Issaragrisil S, Luanpitpong S. Cardiac glycoside ouabain efficiently targets leukemic stem cell apoptotic machinery independent of cell differentiation status. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:283. [PMID: 37828578 PMCID: PMC10568939 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01317-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy characterized by an accumulation of immature leukemic myeloblasts initiating from leukemic stem cells (LSCs)-the subpopulation that is also considered the root cause of chemotherapy resistance. Repurposing cardiac glycosides to treat cancers has gained increasing attention and supporting evidence, but how cardiac glycosides effectively target LSCs, e.g., whether it involves cell differentiation, remains largely unexplored. METHODS Digoxin, a user-designed digitoxigenin-α-L-rhamnoside (D6-MA), and ouabain were tested against various human AML-derived cells with different maturation phenotypes. Herein, we established two study models to specifically determine the effects of cardiac glycosides on LSC death and differentiation-one allowed change in dynamics of LSCs and leukemic progenitor cells (LPCs), while another maintained their undifferentiated status. Regulatory mechanisms underlying cardiac glycoside-induced cytotoxicity were investigated and linked to cell cycle distribution and apoptotic machinery. RESULTS Primitive AML cells containing CD34+ LSCs/LPCs were very responsive to nanomolar concentrations of cardiac glycosides, with ouabain showing the greatest efficiency. Ouabain preferentially induces caspase-dependent apoptosis in LSCs, independent of its cell differentiation status, as evidenced by (i) the tremendous induction of apoptosis by ouabain in AML cells that acquired less than 15% differentiation and (ii) the higher rate of apoptosis in enriched LSCs than in LPCs. We sorted LSCs and LPCs according to their cell cycle distribution into G0/G1, S, and G2/M cells and revealed that G0/G1 cells in LSCs, which was its major subpopulation, were the top ouabain responders, indicating that the difference in ouabain sensitivity between LSCs and LPCs involved both distinct cell cycle distribution and intrinsic apoptosis regulatory mechanisms. Further, Mcl-1 and c-Myc, which were differentially expressed in LSCs and LPCs, were found to be the key apoptosis mediators that determined ouabain sensitivity in AML cells. Ouabain induces a more rapid loss of Mcl-1 and c-Myc in LSCs than in LPCs via the mechanisms that in part involve an inhibition of Mcl-1 protein synthesis and an induction of c-Myc degradation. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide new insight for repurposing cardiac glycosides for the treatment of relapsed/refractory AML through targeting LSCs via distinct cell cycle and apoptosis machinery. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirarat Poohadsuan
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Siriraj Hospital, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - George A O'Doherty
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Weerapat Owattanapanich
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence of Siriraj Adult Acute Myeloid/Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Smith Kungwankiattichai
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Center of Excellence of Siriraj Adult Acute Myeloid/Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yon Rojanasakul
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
- WVU Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Surapol Issaragrisil
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Siriraj Hospital, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Sudjit Luanpitpong
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Siriraj Hospital, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
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9
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Belliveau NM, Footer MJ, Akdoǧan E, van Loon AP, Collins SR, Theriot JA. Whole-genome screens reveal regulators of differentiation state and context-dependent migration in human neutrophils. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5770. [PMID: 37723145 PMCID: PMC10507112 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41452-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are the most abundant leukocyte in humans and provide a critical early line of defense as part of our innate immune system. We perform a comprehensive, genome-wide assessment of the molecular factors critical to proliferation, differentiation, and cell migration in a neutrophil-like cell line. Through the development of multiple migration screen strategies, we specifically probe directed (chemotaxis), undirected (chemokinesis), and 3D amoeboid cell migration in these fast-moving cells. We identify a role for mTORC1 signaling in cell differentiation, which influences neutrophil abundance, survival, and migratory behavior. Across our individual migration screens, we identify genes involved in adhesion-dependent and adhesion-independent cell migration, protein trafficking, and regulation of the actomyosin cytoskeleton. This genome-wide screening strategy, therefore, provides an invaluable approach to the study of neutrophils and provides a resource that will inform future studies of cell migration in these and other rapidly migrating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan M Belliveau
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Matthew J Footer
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Emel Akdoǧan
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Aaron P van Loon
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Sean R Collins
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Julie A Theriot
- Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
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10
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Cheng PL, Hsiao TH, Chen CH, Hung MN, Jhan PP, Lee LW, Wu TS, Tsai JR, Teng CLJ. Chemoresistance in acute myeloid leukemia: An alternative single-cell RNA sequencing approach. Hematol Oncol 2023; 41:499-509. [PMID: 36790759 DOI: 10.1002/hon.3129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Our previous study demonstrated that myc, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, mTOR, and stemness are independently responsible for chemoresistance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells. This study aimed to identify potential mechanisms of chemoresistance of the "7 + 3" induction in AML by using a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) approach. In the present study, 13 untreated patients with de novo AML were enrolled and stratified into two groups: complete remission (CR; n = 8) and non-CR (n = 5). Single-cell RNA sequencing was used to analyze genetic profiles of 28,950 AML cells from these patients; results were validated using a previously published bulk RNA-seq dataset. Our study results showed chemoresistant AML cells had premature accumulation during early hematopoiesis. Hematopoietic stem cell-like cells from the non-CR group expressed more leukemic stem cell markers (CD9, CD82, IL3RA, and IL1RAP) than those from the CR group. Chemoresistant progenitor cells had impaired myeloid differentiation owing to early arrest of hematopoiesis. Notably, AML cells analyzed by scRNA-seq and bulk RNA-seq harbored a comparable myeloid lineage cell fraction, which internally validated our results. Using the TCGA database, our analysis demonstrated that patients with AML with higher expression of chemoresistant genetic markers (IL3RA and IL1RAP) had a worse overall survival (p < 0.01 for IL3RA; p < 0.05 for IL1RAP). In conclusion, AML cells responsive and resistant to the "7 + 3" induction were derived from a diverse cancerous hematopoietic stem cell population, as indicated by the specific genetic biomarkers obtained using scRNA-seq approach. Furthermore, arrest of hematopoiesis was shown to occur earlier in chemoresistant AML cells, furthering the current understanding of chemoresistance in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Liang Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hung Hsiao
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan
- Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Hsing Chen
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan
| | - Miao-Neng Hung
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Pei Jhan
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Wen Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Shuan Wu
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Rung Tsai
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Lin Jerry Teng
- Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Life Science, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Ph.D. Program in Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Rong Hsing Research Center for Translational Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
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11
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Carbó JM, Cornet-Masana JM, Cuesta-Casanovas L, Delgado-Martínez J, Banús-Mulet A, Clément-Demange L, Serra C, Catena J, Llebaria A, Esteve J, Risueño RM. A Novel Family of Lysosomotropic Tetracyclic Compounds for Treating Leukemia. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15061912. [PMID: 36980800 PMCID: PMC10047683 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematological cancer characterized by poor prognosis and frequent relapses. Aside from specific mutation-related changes, in AML, the overall function of lysosomes and mitochondria is drastically altered to fulfill the elevated biomass and bioenergetic demands. On the basis of previous results, in silico drug discovery screening was used to identify a new family of lysosome-/mitochondria-targeting compounds. These novel tetracyclic hits, with a cationic amphiphilic structure, specifically eradicate leukemic cells by inducing both mitochondrial damage and apoptosis, and simultaneous lysosomal membrane leakiness. Lysosomal leakiness does not only elicit canonical lysosome-dependent cell death, but also activates the terminal differentiation of AML cells through the Ca2+-TFEB-MYC signaling axis. In addition to being an effective monotherapy, its combination with the chemotherapeutic arsenic trioxide (ATO) used in other types of leukemia is highly synergistic in AML cells, widening the therapeutic window of the treatment. Moreover, the compounds are effective in a wide panel of cancer cell lines and possess adequate pharmacological properties rendering them promising drug candidates for the treatment of AML and other neoplasias.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Carbó
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Leukos Biotech, 08021 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Laia Cuesta-Casanovas
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Biosciences, Autonomous University of Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jennifer Delgado-Martínez
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - Carme Serra
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Synthesis, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- SIMChem, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juanlo Catena
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Synthesis, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
- SIMChem, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- MCS, Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Synthesis, Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Esteve
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Hematology, Hospital Clínic, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ruth M Risueño
- Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute (IJC), 08916 Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Liu Y, Li H, Luo Z, Yu Y, Yang J, Zhang M, Law BYK, Huang Z, Li W. Artesunate, a new antimalarial clinical drug, exhibits potent anti-AML activity by targeting the ROS/Bim and TFRC/Fe 2+ pathways. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:701-720. [PMID: 36368726 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Artesunate, approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 2020 as a new treatment for severe malaria, also shows anti-tumour activity against acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). However, the underlying molecular mechanism(s) of artesunate-induced apoptosis and differentiation of AML is not clearly elucidated. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The biological effects of artesunate on AML were explored in vitro, using cells from AML patients and leukaemia cell lines, and in vivo, using female C57BL/6 or nude nu/nu BALB/c mice. Underlying mechanisms in vitro were examined with the Trypan blue dye exclusion assay, western blotting and flow cytometry. Effects of artesunate in C57BL/6 mice intravenously injected with murine AML cells (C1498-GFP) were assessed by numbers of AML cells and by survival. KEY RESULTS In vitro, artesunate promoted apoptosis and differentiation in both leukaemia cell lines and patient-derived primary leukaemia cells. Mechanistically, artesunate promoted cell apoptosis by triggering reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and increasing expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bim. Interestingly, transferrin receptor 1 (TFRC)-mediated regulation of intracellular iron homeostasis also played an essential role in AML cell differentiation induced by artesunate. In vivo, artesunate slowed AML progression and prolonged survival in a mouse leukaemia model. Notably, artesunate displayed no apparent toxicity towards healthy haematopoietic stem cells, bone marrow mononuclear cells or experimental animals. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Artesunate is a safe agent with significant anti-leukaemia effects in mice and may serve as a promising chemotherapeutic strategy for patients with AML, based on two different mechanisms, targeting the ROS/Bim and the TFRC/Fe2+ pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Han Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zhihong Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - You Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jingzhao Yang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Union Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- Dr. Neher's Biophysics Laboratory for Innovative Drug Discovery, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau SAR, PR China
| | - Zan Huang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wenhua Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cell Homeostasis, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China
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13
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Gulaia V, Shmelev M, Romanishin A, Shved N, Farniev V, Goncharov N, Biktimirov A, Vargas IL, Khodosevich K, Kagansky A, Kumeiko V. Single-nucleus transcriptomics of IDH1- and TP53-mutant glioma stem cells displays diversified commitment on invasive cancer progenitors. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18975. [PMID: 36348001 PMCID: PMC9643511 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23646-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioma is a devastating brain tumor with a high mortality rate attributed to the glioma stem cells (GSCs) possessing high plasticity. Marker mutations in isocitrate dehydrogenase type 1 (IDH1) and tumor protein 53 (TP53) are frequent in gliomas and impact the cell fate decisions. Understanding the GSC heterogeneity within IDH1- and TP53- mutant tumors may elucidate possible treatment targets. Here, we performed single-nucleus transcriptomics of mutant and wild-type glioma samples sorted for Sox2 stem cell marker. For the first time the rare subpopulations of Sox2 + IDH1- and TP53-mutant GSCs were characterized. In general, GSCs contained the heterogeneity root subpopulation resembling active neural stem cells capable of asymmetric division to quiescent and transit amplifying cell branches. Specifically, double-mutant GSCs revealed the commitment on highly invasive oligodendrocyte- and astroglia-like progenitors. Additionally, double-mutant GSCs displayed upregulated markers of collagen synthesis, altered lipogenesis and high migration, while wild-type GSCs expressed genes related to ATP production. Wild-type GSC root population was highly heterogeneous and lacked the signature marker expression, thus glioblastoma treatment should emphasize on establishing differentiation protocol directed against residual GSCs. For the more differentiated IDH1- and TP53-mutant gliomas we suggest therapeutic targeting of migration molecules, such as CD44.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriia Gulaia
- grid.440624.00000 0004 0637 7917Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Medical Center, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922 Russia
| | - Mikhail Shmelev
- grid.440624.00000 0004 0637 7917Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Medical Center, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922 Russia
| | - Aleksander Romanishin
- grid.440624.00000 0004 0637 7917Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Medical Center, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922 Russia ,grid.410686.d0000 0001 1018 9204School of Life Sciences, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, 236041 Russia
| | - Nikita Shved
- grid.440624.00000 0004 0637 7917Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Medical Center, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922 Russia ,grid.417808.20000 0001 1393 1398A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, FEB RAS, Vladivostok, 690041 Russia
| | - Vladislav Farniev
- grid.440624.00000 0004 0637 7917Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Medical Center, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922 Russia
| | - Nikolay Goncharov
- grid.440624.00000 0004 0637 7917Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Medical Center, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922 Russia
| | - Arthur Biktimirov
- grid.440624.00000 0004 0637 7917Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Medical Center, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922 Russia
| | - Irene Lisa Vargas
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XBiotech Research & Innovation Centre (BRIC), The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Konstantin Khodosevich
- grid.5254.60000 0001 0674 042XBiotech Research & Innovation Centre (BRIC), The Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander Kagansky
- grid.440624.00000 0004 0637 7917Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Medical Center, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922 Russia
| | - Vadim Kumeiko
- grid.440624.00000 0004 0637 7917Institute of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Medical Center, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922 Russia ,grid.417808.20000 0001 1393 1398A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, FEB RAS, Vladivostok, 690041 Russia
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14
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Wang H, Chan KYY, Cheng CK, Ng MH, Lee PY, Cheng FWT, Lam GKS, Chow TW, Ha SY, Chiang AK, Leung WH, Leung AY, Wang CC, Zhang T, Zhang XB, So CC, Yuen YP, Sun Q, Zhang C, Xu Y, Cheung JTK, Ng WH, Tang PMK, Kang W, To KF, Lee WYW, Wong RS, Poon ENY, Zhao Q, Huang J, Chen C, Yuen PMP, Li CK, Leung AWK, Leung KT. Pharmacogenomic Profiling of Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia to Identify Therapeutic Vulnerabilities and Inform Functional Precision Medicine. Blood Cancer Discov 2022; 3:516-535. [PMID: 35960210 PMCID: PMC9894568 DOI: 10.1158/2643-3230.bcd-22-0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the expanding portfolio of targeted therapies for adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), direct implementation in children is challenging due to inherent differences in underlying genetics. Here we established the pharmacologic profile of pediatric AML by screening myeloblast sensitivity to approved and investigational agents, revealing candidates of immediate clinical relevance. Drug responses ex vivo correlated with patient characteristics, exhibited age-specific alterations, and concorded with activities in xenograft models. Integration with genomic data uncovered new gene-drug associations, suggesting actionable therapeutic vulnerabilities. Transcriptome profiling further identified gene-expression signatures associated with on- and off-target drug responses. We also demonstrated the feasibility of drug screening-guided treatment for children with high-risk AML, with two evaluable cases achieving remission. Collectively, this study offers a high-dimensional gene-drug clinical data set that could be leveraged to research the unique biology of pediatric AML and sets the stage for realizing functional precision medicine for the clinical management of the disease. SIGNIFICANCE We conducted integrated drug and genomic profiling of patient biopsies to build the functional genomic landscape of pediatric AML. Age-specific differences in drug response and new gene-drug interactions were identified. The feasibility of functional precision medicine-guided management of children with high-risk AML was successfully demonstrated in two evaluable clinical cases. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 476.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Kathy Yuen Yee Chan
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Keung Cheng
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Margaret H.L. Ng
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Po Yi Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Frankie Wai Tsoi Cheng
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Grace Kee See Lam
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Tin Wai Chow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Shau Yin Ha
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Alan K.S. Chiang
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Wing Hang Leung
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Anskar Y.H. Leung
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Chiu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Xiao-Bing Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California
| | - Chi Chiu So
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yuet Ping Yuen
- Department of Pathology, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Qiwei Sun
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Yaqun Xu
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - John Tak Kit Cheung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Wing Hei Ng
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Patrick Ming-Kuen Tang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Wei Kang
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ka-Fai To
- Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Wayne Yuk Wai Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Raymond S.M. Wong
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ellen Ngar Yun Poon
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Qi Zhao
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau
| | - Junbin Huang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chun Chen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Patrick Man Pan Yuen
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Chi-kong Li
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Corresponding Authors: Kam Tong Leung, E-mail: ; Chi-kong Li, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, 1 Shing Cheong Road, Kowloon Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Phone: 852-3513-3176; Fax: 852-2636-0020; E-mail: ; and Alex Wing Kwan Leung, E-mail:
| | - Alex Wing Kwan Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Corresponding Authors: Kam Tong Leung, E-mail: ; Chi-kong Li, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, 1 Shing Cheong Road, Kowloon Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Phone: 852-3513-3176; Fax: 852-2636-0020; E-mail: ; and Alex Wing Kwan Leung, E-mail:
| | - Kam Tong Leung
- Department of Paediatrics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Hong Kong Hub of Paediatric Excellence, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.,Corresponding Authors: Kam Tong Leung, E-mail: ; Chi-kong Li, Hong Kong Children's Hospital, 1 Shing Cheong Road, Kowloon Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Phone: 852-3513-3176; Fax: 852-2636-0020; E-mail: ; and Alex Wing Kwan Leung, E-mail:
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15
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Genome-Wide Gene Expression Profiling Defines the Mechanism of Anticancer Effect of Colorectal Cancer Cell-Derived Conditioned Medium on Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050883. [PMID: 35627268 PMCID: PMC9171579 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common type of leukemia in adults, accounting for 30% of all adult leukemia cases. While there have been recent improvements in the prognosis of the disease, the prognosis remains grim, and further understanding of AML and the development of new therapeutic agents is critical. This study aimed to investigate the potential interaction between colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and AML cells. Unexpectedly, we found that CRC cell-derived conditioned medium (CM) showed anticancer activities in AML cells by inducing apoptosis and differentiation. Mechanistic studies suggest that these phenotypes are closely associated with the suppression of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and MAPK survival signaling, the upregulation of myeloid differentiation-promoting transcription factors c/EBPα and PU.1, and the augmentation of executioner caspases-3/7. Importantly, bioinformatic analyses of our gene expression profiling data, including that derived from principal component analysis (PCA), volcano plots, boxplots, heat maps, kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathways, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, which evaluate gene expression profiling data, provided deeper insight into the mechanism in which CRC-CM broadly modulates apoptosis-, cell cycle arrest-, and differentiation-related gene expression, such as BMF, PLSCR3, CDKN1C, and ID2, among others, revealing the genes that exert anticancer effects in AML cells at the genomic level. Collectively, our data suggest that it may be worthwhile to isolate and identify the molecules with tumor-suppressive effects in the CM, which may help to improve the prognosis of patients with AML.
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16
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Role of Biomarkers in FLT3 AML. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051164. [PMID: 35267471 PMCID: PMC8909069 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Genetically heterogeneous disorder acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is marked by recurring mutations in FLT3. Current FLT3 inhibitors and other emerging inhibitors have helped in the improvement of the quality of standard of care therapies; however, the overall survival of the patients remains static. This is due to numerous mutations in FLT3, which causes resistance against these FLT3 inhibitors. For effective treatment of AML patients, alternative approaches are required to overcome this resistance. Here, we will summarize the biomarkers for FLT3 inhibitors in AML, as well as the alternative measures to overcome resistance to the current therapies. Abstract Acute myeloid leukemia is a disease characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of clonal myeloid blast cells that are incapable of maturation to leukocytes. AML is the most common leukemia in adults and remains a highly fatal disease with a five-year survival rate of 24%. More than 50% of AML patients have mutations in the FLT3 gene, rendering FLT3 an attractive target for small-molecule inhibition. Currently, there are several FLT3 inhibitors in the clinic, and others remain in clinical trials. However, these inhibitors face challenges due to lack of efficacy against several FLT3 mutants. Therefore, the identification of biomarkers is vital to stratify AML patients and target AML patient population with a particular FLT3 mutation. Additionally, there is an unmet need to identify alternative approaches to combat the resistance to FLT3 inhibitors. Here, we summarize the current knowledge on the utilization of diagnostic, prognostic, predictive, and pharmacodynamic biomarkers for FLT3-mutated AML. The resistance mechanisms to various FLT3 inhibitors and alternative approaches to combat this resistance are also discussed and presented.
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17
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Wang H, He X, Li Z, Jin H, Wang X, Li L. Guanosine primes acute myeloid leukemia for differentiation via guanine nucleotide salvage synthesis. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:427-444. [PMID: 35141027 PMCID: PMC8822274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Differentiation arrest represents a distinct hallmark of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Identification of differentiation-induction agents that are effective across various subtypes remains an unmet challenge. GTP biosynthesis is elevated in several types of cancers, considered to support uncontrolled tumor growth. Here we report that GTP overload by supplementation of guanosine, the nucleoside precursor of GTP, poises AML cells for differentiation and growth inhibition. Transcriptome profiling of guanosine-treated AML cells reveals a myeloid differentiation pattern. Importantly, the treatment compromises leukemia progression in AML xenograft models. Mechanistically, GTP overproduction requires sequential metabolic conversions executed by the purine salvage biosynthesis pathway including the involvement of purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) and hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1 (HPRT1). Taken together, our study offers novel metabolic insights tethering GTP homeostasis to myeloid differentiation and provides an experimental basis for further clinical investigations of guanosine or guanine nucleotides in the treatment of AML patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanying Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical CenterDuarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Xin He
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical CenterDuarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical CenterDuarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Hongchuan Jin
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Key Lab of Biotherapy in Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Hematological Malignancies Translational Science, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope National Medical CenterDuarte, CA 91010, USA
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Ali S, Hamam D, Liu X, Lebrun JJ. Terminal differentiation and anti-tumorigenic effects of prolactin in breast cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:993570. [PMID: 36157462 PMCID: PMC9499354 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.993570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a major disease affecting women worldwide. A woman has 1 in 8 lifetime risk of developing breast cancer, and morbidity and mortality due to this disease are expected to continue to rise globally. Breast cancer remains a challenging disease due to its heterogeneity, propensity for recurrence and metastasis to distant vital organs including bones, lungs, liver and brain ultimately leading to patient death. Despite the development of various therapeutic strategies to treat breast cancer, still there are no effective treatments once metastasis has occurred. Loss of differentiation and increased cellular plasticity and stemness are being recognized molecularly and clinically as major derivers of heterogeneity, tumor evolution, relapse, metastasis, and therapeutic failure. In solid tumors, breast cancer is one of the leading cancer types in which tumor differentiation state has long been known to influence cancer behavior. Reprograming and/or restoring differentiation of cancer cells has been proposed to provide a viable approach to reverse the cancer through differentiation and terminal maturation. The hormone prolactin (PRL) is known to play a critical role in mammary gland lobuloalveolar development/remodeling and the terminal differentiation of the mammary epithelial cells promoting milk proteins gene expression and lactation. Here, we will highlight recent discoveries supporting an anti-tumorigenic role for PRL in breast cancer as a "pro/forward-differentiation" pathway restricting plasticity, stemness and tumorigenesis.
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Kawatani M, Aono H, Shimizu T, Ohkura S, Hiranuma S, Muroi M, Ogawa N, Ohishi T, Ohba SI, Kawada M, Yamazaki K, Dan S, Osada H. Identification of Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors─Indoluidins─That Inhibit Cancer Cell Growth. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:2570-2580. [PMID: 34730931 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) catalyzes the rate-limiting step in de novo pyrimidine biosynthesis and is a promising cancer treatment target. This study reports the identification of indoluidin D and its derivatives as inhibitors of DHODH. Cell-based phenotypic screening revealed that indoluidin D promoted myeloid differentiation and inhibited the proliferation of acute promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells. Indoluidin D also suppressed cell growth in various other types of cancer cells. Cancer cell sensitivity profiling with JFCR39 and proteomic profiling with ChemProteoBase revealed that indoluidin D is a DHODH inhibitor. Indoluidin D inhibited human DHODH activity in vitro; the DHODH reaction product orotic acid rescued indoluidin D-induced cell differentiation. We synthesized several indoluidin D diastereomer derivatives and demonstrated that stereochemistry was vital to their molecular activity. The indoluidin D derivative indoluidin E showed similar activity to its parent compound and suppressed tumor growth in a murine lung cancer xenograft model. Hence, indoluidin D and its derivatives selectively inhibit DHODH and suppress cancer cell growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kawatani
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Chemical Resource Development Unit, Technology Platform Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Harumi Aono
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Takeshi Shimizu
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Shouta Ohkura
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Sayoko Hiranuma
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Makoto Muroi
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Chemical Resource Development Unit, Technology Platform Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Naoko Ogawa
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Tomokazu Ohishi
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 18-24 Miyamoto, Numazu, Shizuoka 410-0301, Japan
| | - Shun-ichi Ohba
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 18-24 Miyamoto, Numazu, Shizuoka 410-0301, Japan
| | - Manabu Kawada
- Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Numazu, Microbial Chemistry Research Foundation, 18-24 Miyamoto, Numazu, Shizuoka 410-0301, Japan
| | - Kanami Yamazaki
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japan Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Shingo Dan
- Division of Molecular Pharmacology, Cancer Chemotherapy Center, Japan Foundation for Cancer Research, 3-8-31 Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8550, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Osada
- Chemical Biology Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Chemical Resource Development Unit, Technology Platform Division, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Structure-Activity Relationship of Hydroxycinnamic Acid Derivatives for Cooperating with Carnosic Acid and Calcitriol in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9111517. [PMID: 34829746 PMCID: PMC8615284 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9111517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant phenolic compounds have shown the ability to cooperate with one another at low doses in producing enhanced anticancer effects. This may overcome the limitations (e.g., poor bioavailability and high-dose toxicity) in developing these agents as cancer medicines. We have previously reported that the hydroxycinnamic acid derivative (HCAD) methyl-4-hydroxycinnamate and the phenolic diterpene carnosic acid (CA) can synergistically induce massive calcium-dependent apoptosis in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at non-cytotoxic concentrations of each agent. Here, we explored the chemical nature of the synergy between HCADs and either CA, in inducing cytotoxicity, or the active metabolite of vitamin D (calcitriol), in enhancing the differentiation of AML cells. This was done by determining the structure–activity relationship of a series of hydroxycinnamic acids and their derivatives (methyl hydroxycinnamates and hydroxybenzylideneacetones) in combination with CA or calcitriol. The HCAD/CA synergy required the following critical structural elements of an HCAD molecule: (a) the para-hydroxyl on the phenolic ring, (b) the carbon C7–C8 double bond, and (c) the methyl-esterified carboxyl. Thus, the only HCADs capable of synergizing with CA were found to be methyl-4-hydroxycinnamate and methyl ferulate, which also most potently enhanced calcitriol-induced cell differentiation. Notably, the C7–C8 double bond was the major requirement for this HCAD/calcitriol cooperation. Our findings may contribute to the rational design of novel synergistically acting AML drugs based on prototype combinations of HCADs with other agents studied here.
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Kalushkova A, Nylund P, Párraga AA, Lennartsson A, Jernberg-Wiklund H. One Omics Approach Does Not Rule Them All: The Metabolome and the Epigenome Join Forces in Haematological Malignancies. EPIGENOMES 2021; 5:epigenomes5040022. [PMID: 34968247 PMCID: PMC8715477 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes5040022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant DNA methylation, dysregulation of chromatin-modifying enzymes, and microRNAs (miRNAs) play a crucial role in haematological malignancies. These epimutations, with an impact on chromatin accessibility and transcriptional output, are often associated with genomic instability and the emergence of drug resistance, disease progression, and poor survival. In order to exert their functions, epigenetic enzymes utilize cellular metabolites as co-factors and are highly dependent on their availability. By affecting the expression of metabolic enzymes, epigenetic modifiers may aid the generation of metabolite signatures that could be utilized as targets and biomarkers in cancer. This interdependency remains often neglected and poorly represented in studies, despite well-established methods to study the cellular metabolome. This review critically summarizes the current knowledge in the field to provide an integral picture of the interplay between epigenomic alterations and the cellular metabolome in haematological malignancies. Our recent findings defining a distinct metabolic signature upon response to enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) inhibition in multiple myeloma (MM) highlight how a shift of preferred metabolic pathways may potentiate novel treatments. The suggested link between the epigenome and the metabolome in haematopoietic tumours holds promise for the use of metabolic signatures as possible biomarkers of response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonia Kalushkova
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (P.N.); (A.A.P.); (H.J.-W.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Patrick Nylund
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (P.N.); (A.A.P.); (H.J.-W.)
| | - Alba Atienza Párraga
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (P.N.); (A.A.P.); (H.J.-W.)
| | - Andreas Lennartsson
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, NEO, Karolinska Institutet, 14157 Huddinge, Sweden;
| | - Helena Jernberg-Wiklund
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala University, 75185 Uppsala, Sweden; (P.N.); (A.A.P.); (H.J.-W.)
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Pinto CA, DE Sousa Portilho AJ, Barbosa MC, DE Moraes MEA, DE Lemos JAR, Burbano RMR, Moreira-Nunes CA. Combined Therapy of ATRA and Imatinib Mesylate Decreases BCR-ABL and ABCB1/MDR1 Expression Through Cellular Differentiation in a Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Model. In Vivo 2021; 35:2661-2667. [PMID: 34410954 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative disease, and a major challenge for the eradication of CML is to understand the cause of the permanence of minimal residual disease (DRM). This work aimed to induce the maturation of leukemic stem cells with All-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), making them sensitive to treatment with Imatinib (IM). MATERIALS AND METHODS K562 cells were treated with IM and with the combined therapy of ATRA together with IM for 48 and 72 h. The expression of BCR-ABL gene and multidrug resistance gene ABCB1 were evaluated using RT-qPCR. RESULTS The combined ATRA and IM therapy showed a discreet cell differentiation pattern, evidenced by the panoptic morphology analysis at 48 and 72 h of treatment. The BCR-ABL expression showed no statistical difference when treated alone with IM, however in combination with ATRA, the expression was statistically significant in 48 and 72 h (p≤0.0001) and when the treatment groups were compared to each other (p≤0.001). The ABCB1 gene expression showed a decrease in isolated IM therapy (p≤0.05) and in the combination in 48 and 72 h (p≤0.0001). CONCLUSION Combined ATRA and IM therapy was shown to be effective in decreasing BCR-ABL and ABCB1 genes, possibly through the differentiation of blast cells, demonstrating that the therapy could be potentially effective in the blast crisis of the disease and for those patients who develop resistance to available CML treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camila Albuquerque Pinto
- Human Cytogenetics Laboratory, Biological Science Institute, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Adrhyann Jullyanne DE Sousa Portilho
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Elisabete Amaral DE Moraes
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | | | | | - Caroline Aquino Moreira-Nunes
- Pharmacogenetics Laboratory, Drug Research and Development Center (NPDM), Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil;
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p53 Protein Isoform Profiles in AML: Correlation with Distinct Differentiation Stages and Response to Epigenetic Differentiation Therapy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040833. [PMID: 33917201 PMCID: PMC8068061 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
p53 protein isoform expression has been found to correlate with prognosis and chemotherapy response in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). We aimed to investigate how p53 protein isoforms are modulated during epigenetic differentiation therapy in AML, and if p53 isoform expression could be a potential biomarker for predicting a response to this treatment. p53 full-length (FL), p53β and p53γ protein isoforms were analyzed by 1D and 2D gel immunoblots in AML cell lines, primary AML cells from untreated patients and AML cells from patients before and after treatment with valproic acid (VPA), all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and theophylline. Furthermore, global gene expression profiling analysis was performed on samples from the clinical protocol. Correlation analyses were performed between p53 protein isoform expression and in vitro VPA sensitivity and FAB (French–American–British) class in primary AML cells. The results show downregulation of p53β/γ and upregulation of p53FL in AML cell lines treated with VPA, and in some of the patients treated with differentiation therapy. p53FL positively correlated with in vitro VPA sensitivity and the FAB class of AML, while p53β/γ isoforms negatively correlated with the same. Our results indicate that p53 protein isoforms are modulated by and may predict sensitivity to differentiation therapy in AML.
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